1
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Fang H, Pan Y, Lu C, Liu J, Ding T, Liu Z. In Situ Nanomechanics: Opportunities Based on Superplastic Nanomolding. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24479-24486. [PMID: 38060263 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In situ nanomechanics, referring to the real-time monitoring of nanomechanical deformation during quantitative mechanical testing, is a key technology for understanding the physical and mechanical properties of nanoscale materials. This perspective reviews the progress of in situ nanomechanics from the aspects of preparation and testing of nanosamples, with a major focus on one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures and discussions of their challenges. We highlight the opportunities provided by in situ nanomechanics combined with the superplastic nanomolding technique, especially in the aspects of regulating physical and chemical properties which are highly exploitable for mechanoelectronics, mechanoluminescence, piezoelectronics, piezomagnetism, piezothermography, and mechanochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Lu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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2
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Grinter D, Shaw BJA, Pang CL, Yim CM, Muryn CA, Hall CA, Maccherozzi F, Dhesi SS, Suzuki M, Yasue T, Koshikawa T, Thornton G. Fabrication of Isolated Iron Nanowires. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8507-8512. [PMID: 37722000 PMCID: PMC10544030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale interconnects are an important component of molecular electronics. Here we use X-ray spectromicroscopy techniques as well as scanning probe methods to explore the self-assembled growth of insulated iron nanowires as a potential means of supplying an earth abundant solution. The intrinsic anisotropy of a TiO2(110) substrate directs the growth of micron length iron wires at elevated temperatures, with a strong metal-support interaction giving rise to ilmenite (FeTiO3) encapsulation. Iron nanoparticles that decorate the nanowires display magnetic properties that suggest other possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David
C. Grinter
- Department
of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Diamond House,
Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Bobbie-Jean A. Shaw
- Department
of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Chi L. Pang
- Department
of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Chi-Ming Yim
- Department
of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | | | - Charlotte A. Hall
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Diamond House,
Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, U.K.
| | - Francesco Maccherozzi
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Diamond House,
Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Sarnjeet S. Dhesi
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd, Diamond House,
Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Masahiko Suzuki
- Fundamental
Electronics Research Institute, Osaka Electro-Communication
University, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Yasue
- Fundamental
Electronics Research Institute, Osaka Electro-Communication
University, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - Takanori Koshikawa
- Fundamental
Electronics Research Institute, Osaka Electro-Communication
University, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - Geoff Thornton
- Department
of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
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3
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MacManus-Driscoll JL, Wu R, Li W. Interface-related phenomena in epitaxial complex oxide ferroics across different thin film platforms: opportunities and challenges. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1060-1086. [PMID: 36815609 PMCID: PMC10068909 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01527g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces in complex oxides give rise to fascinating new physical phenomena arising from the interconnected spin, lattice, charge and orbital degrees of freedom. Most commonly, interfaces are engineered in epitaxial superlattice films. Of growing interest also are epitaxial vertically aligned nanocomposite films where interfaces form by self-assembly. These two thin film forms offer different capabilities for materials tuning and have been explored largely separately from one another. Ferroics (ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, multiferroic) are among the most fascinating phenomena to be manipulated using interface effects. Hence, in this review we compare and contrast the ferroic properties that arise in these two different film forms, highlighting exemplary materials combinations which demonstrate novel, enhanced and/or emergent ferroic functionalities. We discuss the origins of the observed functionalities and propose where knowledge can be translated from one materials form to another, to potentially produce new functionalities. Finally, for the two different film forms we present a perspective on underexplored/emerging research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
- Spin-X Institute, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
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4
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Wang X, Qi Z, Liu J, Wang H, Xu X, Zhang X, Wang H. Strong Interfacial Coupling of Tunable Ni-NiO Nanocomposite Thin Films Formed by Self-Decomposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39730-39737. [PMID: 34378908 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The next-generation spintronic devices including memristors, tunneling devices, or stochastic switching exert surging demands on magnetic nanostructures with novel coupling schemes. Taking advantage of a phase decomposition mechanism, a unique Ni-NiO nanocomposite has been demonstrated using a conventional pulsed laser deposition technique. Ni nanodomains are segregated from NiO and exhibit as faceted "emerald-cut" morphologies with tunable dimensions affected by the growth temperature. The sharp interfacial transition between ferromagnetic (002) Ni and antiferromagnetic (002) NiO, as characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, introduces a strong exchange bias effect and magneto-optical coupling at room temperature. In situ heating-cooling X-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirms an irreversible phase transformation between Ni and NiO under ambient atmosphere. Synthesizing highly functional two-phase nanocomposites with a simple bottom-up self-assembly via such a phase decomposition mechanism presents advantages in terms of epitaxial quality, surface coverage, interfacial coupling, and tunable nanomagnetism, which are valuable for new spintronic device implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhimin Qi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Juncheng Liu
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haohan Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Xinghang Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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5
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Harada R, Kawahira Y, Ikeda T, Maruyama S, Matsumoto Y. Sequential variation of super periodic structures emerged in Bi-layered perovskite pillar-matrix epitaxial nanocomposite films with spinel ferrites. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00990g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The phase stability of Aurivillius bismuth-layer structured Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BTFO15) has been investigated in an epitaxial pillar-matrix nanocomposite system with spinel ferrites.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Y. Kawahira
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - T. Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - S. Maruyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Y. Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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6
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Zhang B, Kalaswad M, Rutherford BX, Misra S, He Z, Wang H, Qi Z, Wissel AE, Xu X, Wang H. Au-Encapsulated Fe Nanorods in Oxide Matrix with Tunable Magneto-Optic Coupling Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:51827-51836. [PMID: 33164483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials with magneto-optic coupling properties are highly coveted for their potential applications ranging from spintronics and optical switches to sensors. In this work, a new, three-phase Au-Fe-La0.5Sr0.5FeO3 (LSFO) hybrid material grown in a vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) form has been demonstrated. This three-phase hybrid material combines the strong ferromagnetic properties of Fe and the strong plasmonic properties of Au and the dielectric nature of the LSFO matrix. More interestingly, the immiscible Au and Fe phases form Au-encapsulated Fe nanopillars, embedded in the LSFO matrix. Multifunctionalities including anisotropic optical dielectric properties, plasmonic properties, magnetic anisotropy, and room-temperature magneto-optic Kerr effect coupling are demonstrated. The single-step growth method to grow the immiscible two-metal nanostructures (i.e., Au and Fe) in the complex hybrid material form opens exciting new potential opportunities for future three-phase VAN systems with more versatile metal selections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Zhang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Matias Kalaswad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bethany X Rutherford
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Shikhar Misra
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zihao He
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haohan Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Zhimin Qi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ashley E Wissel
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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7
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Wang X, Wang H. Self-assembled nitride-metal nanocomposites: recent progress and future prospects. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20564-20579. [PMID: 33090168 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-phase nanocomposites have gained significant research interest because of their multifunctionalities, tunable geometries and potential device applications. Different from the previously demonstrated oxide-oxide 2-phase nanocomposites, coupling nitrides with metals shows high potential for building alternative hybrid plasmonic metamaterials towards chemical sensing, tunable plasmonics, and nonlinear optics. Unique advantages, including distinct atomic interface, excellent crystalline quality, large-scale surface coverage and durable solid-state platform, address the high demand for new hybrid metamaterial designs for versatile optical material needs. This review summarizes the recent progress on nitride-metal nanocomposites, specifically targeting bottom-up self-assembled nanocomposite thin films. Various morphologies including vertically aligned nanocomposites (VANs), self-organized nanoinclusions, and nanoholes fabricated by additional chemical treatments are introduced. Starting from thin film nucleation and growth, the prerequisites of successful strain coupling and the underlying growth mechanisms are discussed. These findings facilitate a better control of tunable nanostructures and optical functionalities. Future research directions are proposed, including morphological control of the secondary phase to enhance its homogeneity, coupling nitrides with magnetic phase for the magneto-optical effect and growing all-ceramic nanocomposites to extend functionalities and anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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8
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Zhang L, Xu W, Wu J, Hu Y, Huang C, Zhu Y, Tian M, Kang Y, Pan X, Su Y, Wang J, Wang X. Identifying the Role of A-Site Cations in Modulating Oxygen Capacity of Iron-Based Perovskite for Enhanced Chemical Looping Methane-to-Syngas Conversion. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yue Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuande Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Ming Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yu Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yang Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Junhu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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9
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Self-assembling behavior and interface structure in vertically aligned nanocomposite (Pr 0.5Ba 0.5MnO 3) 1-x:(CeO 2) x films on (001) (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O 3 substrates. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2348. [PMID: 32047217 PMCID: PMC7012868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroepitaxial oxide-based nanocomposite films possessing a variety of functional properties have attracted tremendous research interest. Here, self-assembled vertically aligned nanocomposite (Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3)1-x:(CeO2)x (x = 0.2 and 0.5) films have been successfully grown on single-crystalline (001) (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O3 substrates by the pulsed laser deposition technique. Self-assembling behavior of the nanocomposite films and atomic-scale interface structure between Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3 matrix and CeO2 nanopillars have been investigated by advanced electron microscopy techniques. Two different orientation relationships, (001)[100]Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3//(001)[1-10]CeO2 and (001)[100]Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3//(110)[1-10]CeO2, form between Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3 and CeO2 in the (Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3)0.8:(CeO2)0.2 film along the film growth direction, which is essentially different from vertically aligned nanocomposite (Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3)0.5:(CeO2)0.5 films having only (001)[100]Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3//(001)[1-10]CeO2 orientation relationship. Both coherent and semi-coherent Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3/CeO2 interface appear in the films. In contrast to semi-coherent interface with regular distribution of interfacial dislocations, interface reconstruction occurs at the coherent Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3/CeO2 interface. Our findings indicate that epitaxial strain imposed by the concentration of CeO2 in the nanocomposite films affects the self-assembling behavior of the vertically aligned nanocomposite (Pr0.5Ba0.5MnO3)1-x:(CeO2)x films.
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10
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Chen A, Su Q, Han H, Enriquez E, Jia Q. Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: A Perspective from Strain, Defect, and Interface. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803241. [PMID: 30368932 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films with ordered two phases, grown epitaxially on substrates, have attracted tremendous interest in the past decade. These unique nanostructured composite thin films with large vertical interfacial area, controllable vertical lattice strain, and defects provide an intriguing playground, allowing for the manipulation of a variety of functional properties of the materials via the interplay among strain, defect, and interface. This field has evolved from basic growth and characterization to functionality tuning as well as potential applications in energy conversion and information technology. Here, the remarkable progress achieved in vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films from a perspective of tuning functionalities through control of strain, defect, and interface is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Chen
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Qing Su
- Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Hyungkyu Han
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Erik Enriquez
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Quanxi Jia
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo-The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
- Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea
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11
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In situ encapsulation of iron(0) for solar thermochemical syngas production over iron-based perovskite material. Commun Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-018-0050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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12
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Hennes M, Schuler V, Weng X, Buchwald J, Demaille D, Zheng Y, Vidal F. Growth of vertically aligned nanowires in metal-oxide nanocomposites: kinetic Monte-Carlo modeling versus experiments. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7666-7675. [PMID: 29651470 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08974k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We employ kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations to study the growth process of metal-oxide nanocomposites obtained via sequential pulsed laser deposition. Using Ni-SrTiO3 (Ni-STO) as a model system, we reduce the complexity of the computational problem by choosing a coarse-grained approach mapping Sr, Ti and O atoms onto a single effective STO pseudo-atom species. With this ansatz, we scrutinize the kinetics of the sequential synthesis process, governed by alternating deposition and relaxation steps, and analyze the self-organization propensity of Ni atoms into straight vertically aligned nanowires embedded in the surrounding STO matrix. We finally compare the predictions of our binary toy model with experiments and demonstrate that our computational approach captures fundamental aspects of self-assembled nanowire synthesis. Despite its simplicity, our modeling strategy successfully describes the impact of relevant parameters like the concentration or laser frequency on the final nanoarchitecture of metal-oxide thin films grown via pulsed laser deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hennes
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France.
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13
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Wartelle A, Pablo-Navarro J, Staňo M, Bochmann S, Pairis S, Rioult M, Thirion C, Belkhou R, Teresa JMD, Magén C, Fruchart O. Transmission XMCD-PEEM imaging of an engineered vertical FEBID cobalt nanowire with a domain wall. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:045704. [PMID: 29199972 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9eff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using focused electron-beam-induced deposition, we fabricate a vertical, platinum-coated cobalt nanowire with a controlled three-dimensional structure. The latter is engineered to feature bends along the height: these are used as pinning sites for domain walls, which are obtained at remanence after saturation of the nanostructure in a horizontally applied magnetic field. The presence of domain walls is investigated using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) coupled to photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). The vertical geometry of our sample combined with the low incidence of the x-ray beam produce an extended wire shadow which we use to recover the wire's magnetic configuration. In this transmission configuration, the whole sample volume is probed, thus circumventing the limitation of PEEM to surfaces. This article reports on the first study of magnetic nanostructures standing perpendicular to the substrate with XMCD-PEEM. The use of this technique in shadow mode enabled us to confirm the presence of a domain wall without direct imaging of the nanowire.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wartelle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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14
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15
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Huang J, Li L, Lu P, Qi Z, Sun X, Zhang X, Wang H. Self-assembled Co-BaZrO 3 nanocomposite thin films with ultra-fine vertically aligned Co nanopillars. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:7970-7976. [PMID: 28574068 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01122a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple one-step pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method has been applied to grow self-assembled metal-oxide nanocomposite thin films. The as-deposited Co-BaZrO3 films show high epitaxial quality with ultra-fine vertically aligned Co nanopillars (diameter <5 nm) embedded in a BZO matrix. The diameter of the nanopillars can be further tuned by varying the deposition frequency. The metal and oxide phases grow separately without inter-diffusion or mixing. Taking advantage of this unique structure, a high saturation magnetization of ∼1375 emu cm-3 in the Co-BaZrO3 nanocomposites has been achieved and further confirmed by Lorentz microscopy imaging in TEM. Furthermore, the coercivity values of this nanocomposite thin films range from 600 Oe (20 Hz) to 1020 Oe (2 Hz), which makes the nanocomposite an ideal candidate for high-density perpendicular recording media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijie Huang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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16
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Zhang K, Li L, Li H, Feng Q, Zhang N, Cheng L, Fan X, Hou Y, Lu Q, Zhang Z, Zeng C. Quantum Percolation and Magnetic Nanodroplet States in Electronically Phase-Separated Manganite Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:1461-1466. [PMID: 28231012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) confinement has been revealed to effectively tune the properties of materials in homogeneous states. The 1D physics can be further enriched by electronic inhomogeneity, which unfortunately remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate the ultrahigh sensitivity to magnetic fluctuations and the tunability of phase stability in the electronic transport properties of self-assembled electronically phase-separated manganite nanowires with extreme aspect ratio. The onset of magnetic nanodroplet state, a precursor to the ferromagnetic metallic state, is unambiguously revealed, which is attributed to the small lateral size of the nanowires that is comparable to the droplet size. Moreover, the quasi-1D anisotropy stabilizes thin insulating domains to form intrinsic tunneling junctions in the low temperature range, which is robust even under magnetic field up to 14 T and thus essentially modifies the classic 1D percolation picture to stabilize a novel quantum percolation state. A new phase diagram is therefore established for the manganite system under quasi-1D confinement for the first time. Our findings offer new insight into understanding and manipulating the colorful properties of the electronically phase-separated systems via dimensionality engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lin Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hui Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qiyuan Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yubin Hou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Qingyou Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changgan Zeng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials, HFNL, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
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17
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Jiang K, Zhao D, Guo S, Zhang X, Zhu X, Guo J, Lu G, Huang X. Efficient oxygen reduction catalysis by subnanometer Pt alloy nanowires. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601705. [PMID: 28275723 PMCID: PMC5325541 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The common knowledge is that Pt and Pt alloy nanoparticles (NPs) less than 2 nm are not desirable for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, whether the same trend is expected in Pt-based nanowires (NWs) and nanoplates remains questionable because there is no scalable approach to make such Pt nanostructures. We report a general approach for preparing subnanometer Pt alloy NWs with a diameter of only 4 to 5 atomic layer thickness, ranging from monometallic Pt NWs to bimetallic PtNi and PtCo NWs and to trimetallic PtNiCo NWs. In a sharp contrast to Pt alloy NPs, the subnanometer Pt alloy NWs demonstrate exceptional mass and specific activities of 4.20 A/mg and 5.11 mA/cm2 at 0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), respectively, 32.3 and 26.9 times higher than those of the commercial Pt/C. Density functional theory simulations reveal that the enhanced ORR activities are attributed to the catalytically active sites on high-density (111) facets in the subnanometer Pt alloy NWs. They are also very stable under the ORR condition with negligible activity decay over the course of 30,000 cycles. Our work presents a new approach to maximize Pt catalytic efficiency with atomic level utilization for efficient heterogeneous catalysis and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhu Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Advanced Batteries Materials, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Corresponding author. (S.G.); (X.H.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Xing Zhu
- Testing and Analysis Center, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Testing and Analysis Center, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Corresponding author. (S.G.); (X.H.)
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18
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Schuler V, Milano J, Coati A, Vlad A, Sauvage-Simkin M, Garreau Y, Demaille D, Hidki S, Novikova A, Fonda E, Zheng Y, Vidal F. Growth and magnetic properties of vertically aligned epitaxial CoNi nanowires in (Sr, Ba)TiO 3 with diameters in the 1.8-6 nm range. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:495601. [PMID: 27823989 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/49/495601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The growth by pulsed laser deposition of fully epitaxial nanocomposites made of Co x Ni1-x nanowires (NW) vertically self-assembled in Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3/SrTiO3(001) layers is reported. The diameter of the wires can be tuned in the 1.8-6 nm range. The composition of the wires can be controlled, with the growth sequence and the fcc crystallographic structure of the wires preserved for Co content up to 78%. The nanocomposite systems obtained display a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with out-of-plane easy axis as shown through analysis of ferromagnetic resonance measurements. It is shown that the magnitude of the magnetic anisotropy depends sensitively on the structural quality of the nanocomposites.The energy barrier for magnetization reversal scales as the square of the diameter of the NW and reaches 60 [Formula: see text] for 6 nm diameter, with T amb = 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Schuler
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
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19
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Su Q, Zhang W, Lu P, Fang S, Khatkhatay F, Jian J, Li L, Chen F, Zhang X, MacManus-Driscoll JL, Chen A, Jia Q, Wang H. Self-Assembled Magnetic Metallic Nanopillars in Ceramic Matrix with Anisotropic Magnetic and Electrical Transport Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:20283-20291. [PMID: 27438729 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ordered arrays of metallic nanopillars embedded in a ceramic matrix have recently attracted considerable interest for their multifunctionality in advanced devices. A number of hurdles need to be overcome for achieving practical devices, including selections of metal-ceramic combination, creation of tunable and ordered structure, and control of strain state. In this article, we demonstrate major advances to create such a fine nanoscale structure, i.e., epitaxial self-assembled vertically aligned metal-ceramic composite, in one-step growth using pulsed laser deposition. Tunable diameter and spacing of the nanopillars can be achieved by controlling the growth parameters such as deposition temperature. The magnetic metal-ceramic composite thin films demonstrate uniaxial anisotropic magnetic properties and enhanced coercivity compared to that of bulk metal. The system also presents unique anisotropic electrical transport properties under in-plane and out-of-plane directions. This work paves a new avenue to fabricate epitaxial metal-ceramic nanocomposites, which can simulate broader future explorations in nanocomposites with novel magnetic, optical, electrical, and catalytical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratories , PO Box 5800, MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411, United States
| | - Shumin Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | | | | | | | - Fanglin Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | | | - Judith L MacManus-Driscoll
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Aiping Chen
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Quanxi Jia
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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20
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Li L, Sun L, Gomez-Diaz JS, Hogan NL, Lu P, Khatkhatay F, Zhang W, Jian J, Huang J, Su Q, Fan M, Jacob C, Li J, Zhang X, Jia Q, Sheldon M, Alù A, Li X, Wang H. Self-Assembled Epitaxial Au-Oxide Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites for Nanoscale Metamaterials. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:3936-43. [PMID: 27186652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials made of nanoscale inclusions or artificial unit cells exhibit exotic optical properties that do not exist in natural materials. Promising applications, such as super-resolution imaging, cloaking, hyperbolic propagation, and ultrafast phase velocities have been demonstrated based on mostly micrometer-scale metamaterials and few nanoscale metamaterials. To date, most metamaterials are created using costly and tedious fabrication techniques with limited paths toward reliable large-scale fabrication. In this work, we demonstrate the one-step direct growth of self-assembled epitaxial metal-oxide nanocomposites as a drastically different approach to fabricating large-area nanostructured metamaterials. Using pulsed laser deposition, we fabricated nanocomposite films with vertically aligned gold (Au) nanopillars (∼20 nm in diameter) embedded in various oxide matrices with high epitaxial quality. Strong, broad absorption features in the measured absorbance spectrum are clear signatures of plasmon resonances of Au nanopillars. By tuning their densities on selected substrates, anisotropic optical properties are demonstrated via angular dependent and polarization resolved reflectivity measurements and reproduced by full-wave simulations and effective medium theory. Our model predicts exotic properties, such as zero permittivity responses and topological transitions. Our studies suggest that these self-assembled metal-oxide nanostructures provide an exciting new material platform to control and enhance optical response at nanometer scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | | | - Nicki L Hogan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | | | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Jijie Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Quanxi Jia
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Matthew Sheldon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | | | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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21
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Kawasaki S, Takahashi R, Yamamoto T, Kobayashi M, Kumigashira H, Yoshinobu J, Komori F, Kudo A, Lippmaa M. Photoelectrochemical water splitting enhanced by self-assembled metal nanopillars embedded in an oxide semiconductor photoelectrode. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11818. [PMID: 27255209 PMCID: PMC4895796 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of chemical fuels by direct solar energy conversion in a photoelectrochemical cell is of great practical interest for developing a sustainable energy system. Various nanoscale designs such as nanowires, nanotubes, heterostructures and nanocomposites have been explored to increase the energy conversion efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here we demonstrate a self-organized nanocomposite material concept for enhancing the efficiency of photocarrier separation and electrochemical energy conversion. Mechanically robust photoelectrodes are formed by embedding self-assembled metal nanopillars in a semiconductor thin film, forming tubular Schottky junctions around each pillar. The photocarrier transport efficiency is strongly enhanced in the Schottky space charge regions while the pillars provide an efficient charge extraction path. Ir-doped SrTiO3 with embedded iridium metal nanopillars shows good operational stability in a water oxidation reaction and achieves over 80% utilization of photogenerated carriers under visible light in the 400- to 600-nm wavelength range. Nanoscale designs are known to increase the energy conversion efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here, the authors report a self-organized nanocomposite formed by embedding self-assembled metal nanopillars in a semiconductor thin film, for enhanced photocarrier separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kawasaki
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ryota Takahashi
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kumigashira
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshinobu
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - Fumio Komori
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kudo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.,Photocatalysis International Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda, Yamazaki 278-8510, Japan
| | - Mikk Lippmaa
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
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22
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Gong M, Dai Q, Ren S. Magnetic dipolar interaction induced cobalt nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:07LT02. [PMID: 26783195 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/7/07lt02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The dipolar interaction of magnetic nanoparticles is of intense interest to engineer material self-assembly for anisotropic functional nanostructures. Here we report the solution synthesis of cobalt nanowires, where the one-dimensional nanowire formation is ultimately dependent on the magnetic dipolar interaction to realize in situ assembly of cobalt nanoparticles. The morphology transition of cobalt nanostructures is well controlled via the ligand-free synthesis and thermal decomposition of zero-valent cobalt precursor. This study provides a self-assembly approach to the development of anisotropic cobalt nanostructures and a better understanding of nucleation parameters, which are demonstrated to correlate strongly with the size and morphology of final cobalt nanowires. This approach may be extended to other magnetic materials for the control of their nanostructure and magnetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogang Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Temple Materials Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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23
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Gandha K, Mohapatra J, Hossain MK, Elkins K, Poudyal N, Rajeshwar K, Liu JP. Mesoporous iron oxide nanowires: synthesis, magnetic and photocatalytic properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18530d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled synthesis of mesoporous iron oxide nanowire nanohybrids with enhanced visible light-driven photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Gandha
- Department of Physics
- University of Texas at Arlington
- Arlington
- USA
| | | | | | - Kevin Elkins
- Department of Physics
- University of Texas at Arlington
- Arlington
- USA
| | - Narayan Poudyal
- Department of Physics
- University of Texas at Arlington
- Arlington
- USA
| | - Krishnan Rajeshwar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Arlington
- Arlington
- USA
| | - J. Ping Liu
- Department of Physics
- University of Texas at Arlington
- Arlington
- USA
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24
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Liakakos N, Achkar C, Cormary B, Harmel J, Warot-Fonrose B, Snoeck E, Chaudret B, Respaud M, Soulantica K, Blon T. Oriented Metallic Nano-Objects on Crystalline Surfaces by Solution Epitaxial Growth. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9665-9677. [PMID: 26302309 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical methods offer the possibility to synthesize a large panel of nanostructures of various materials with promising properties. One of the main limitations to a mass market development of nanostructure based devices is the integration at a moderate cost of nano-objects into smart architectures. Here we develop a general approach by adapting the seed-mediated solution phase synthesis of nanocrystals in order to directly grow them on crystalline thin films. Using a Co precursor, single-crystalline Co nanowires are directly grown on metallic films and present different spatial orientations depending on the crystalline symmetry of the film used as a 2D seed for Co nucleation. Using films exposing 6-fold symmetry surfaces such as Pt(111), Au(111), and Co(0001), the Co heterogeneous nucleation and epitaxial growth leads to vertical nanowires self-organized in dense and large scale arrays. On the other hand, using films presenting 4-fold symmetry surfaces such as Pt(001) and Cu(001), the Co growth leads to slanted wires in discrete directions. The generality of the concept is demonstrated with the use of a Fe precursor which results in Fe nanostructures on metallic films with different growth orientations which depend on the 6-fold/4-fold symmetry of the film. This approach of solution epitaxial growth combines the advantages of chemistry in solution in producing shape-controlled and monodisperse metallic nanocrystals, and of seeded growth on an ad hoc metallic film that efficiently controls orientation through epitaxy. It opens attractive opportunities for the integration of nanocrystals in planar devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Liakakos
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales (CEMES-CNRS), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Charbel Achkar
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Benoit Cormary
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Harmel
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Bénédicte Warot-Fonrose
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales (CEMES-CNRS), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne Snoeck
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales (CEMES-CNRS), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Respaud
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Katerina Soulantica
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Blon
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
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25
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Sun XY, Veis M, Kousal J, Jesenska E, Zhang C, Aimon NM, Goto T, Onbasli MC, Kim DH, Choi HK, Ross CA. SrGa(0.7)Co(0.3)O(3-δ) perovskite-cobalt oxide-metal nanocomposite films: magnetic and optical properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:115701. [PMID: 25706414 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/11/115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two-phase nanocomposite films consisting of metallic Co nanoparticles below 50 nm diameter in a perovskite matrix were grown by pulsed laser deposition onto (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (LSAT) and silicon substrates from a target of SrGa0.73Co0.27O3. The particles made up about 6% by volume of the film and were present within the film and at the substrate interface. The saturation magnetization of the film was up to 85 emu cm(-3) at 80 nm thickness and the Faraday rotation (FR) tracked the out-of-plane hysteresis loop, reaching 3000 deg cm(-1) at 10 kOe for 1550 nm wavelength. The magneto-optical figure of merit defined as FR divided by optical absorption was 0.04-0.06 deg dB(-1) due to the high optical absorption of the Co particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yin Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
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26
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Lee S, Damodaran AR, Gorai P, Oh N, Moyer JA, Kwon JH, Ferdous N, Shah A, Chen Z, Breckenfeld E, Mangalam RVK, Braun PV, Schiffer P, Shim M, Zuo JM, Ertekin E, Martin LW. A novel, layered phase in Ti-rich SrTiO3 epitaxial thin films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:861-868. [PMID: 25523179 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sr2Ti7O14, a new phase, is synthesized by leveraging the innate chemical and thermo-dynamic instabilities in the SrTiO3-TiO2 system and non-equilibrium growth techniques. The chemical composition, epitaxial relationships, and orientation play roles in the formation of this novel layered phase, which, in turn, possesses unusual charge ordering, anti-ferromagnetic ordering, and low, glass-like thermal conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungki Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
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Garel M, Babonneau D, Boulle A, Pailloux F, Coati A, Garreau Y, Ramos AY, Tolentino HCN. Self-organized ultrathin FePt nanowires produced by glancing-angle ion-beam codeposition on rippled alumina surfaces. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:1437-1445. [PMID: 25504082 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05589f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultradense macroscopic arrays of ferromagnetic alloy nanowires exhibit unique properties that make them attractive both for basic physics studies and for prospective nanodevice applications in various areas. We report here on the production of self-organized equiatomic FePt nanowires produced by glancing-angle ion-beam codeposition on alumina nanoripple patterns at room temperature and subsequent annealing at 600 °C. This study demonstrates that periodically aligned FePt nanowires with tunable size (∼10-20 nm width and ∼0.5-10 nm height) can be successfully grown as a consequence of shadowing effects and low mobility of Fe and Pt on the rippled alumina surface. Moreover, the structure and magnetic properties of the FePt nanowires, which undergo a phase transition from a disordered A1 (soft) structure to a partially ordered L10 (hard) structure, can be modified upon annealing. We show that this behavior can be further exploited to change the effective uniaxial anisotropy of the system, which is determined by a strong interplay between the shape and magnetocrystalline anisotropies of the nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Garel
- Institut Pprime, Département Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux, UPR 3346 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, SP2MI, 11 Boulevard Marie et Pierre Curie, BP 30179, 86962 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex, France.
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28
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Comes RB, Siebein K, Lu J, Wolf SA. Microstructural effects of chemical island templating in patterned matrix-pillar oxide nanocomposites. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00025d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Sun XY, Zhang C, Aimon NM, Goto T, Onbasli M, Kim DH, Choi HK, Ross CA. Combinatorial pulsed laser deposition of magnetic and magneto-optical Sr(GaxTiyFe0.34-0.40)O3-δ perovskite films. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2014; 16:640-6. [PMID: 25296176 DOI: 10.1021/co5000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ferromagnetic Sr(GaxTiyFe0.34-0.40)O3-δ (0.1 ≤ x, y ≤ 0.5) films with single-crystal perovskite structure were epitaxially grown on (001) (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 substrates by combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (CPLD) and compared with previous results from films grown from single targets. In CPLD films the Fe was present as both Fe(2+) and Fe(3+). The distribution of Sr, Ga, Ti, and O was homogeneous, but Fe-rich nanowires with diameter of 3 nm were present perpendicular to the film plane. The unit cell was tetragonally distorted with the ratio of out-of-plane to in-plane lattice parameter decreasing from 1.06 to 1.02 as the Ga content increased. The magnetic easy axis of the films changed from out-of-plane when Ti content y > 0.3 to isotropic as the Ga content increased, consistent with a reduction in magnetoelastic anisotropy. The Ga lowered the Faraday rotation and the magnetization but increased the optical transmittance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yin Sun
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Singapore-MIT
Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
| | - Nicolas M. Aimon
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Taichi Goto
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mehmet Onbasli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dong Hun Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hong Kyoon Choi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - C. A. Ross
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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30
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Tian Y, Mukherjee P, Jayaraman TV, Xu Z, Yu Y, Tan L, Sellmyer DJ, Shield JE. Ultrahigh-density sub-10 nm nanowire array formation via surface-controlled phase separation. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:4328-4333. [PMID: 24967848 DOI: 10.1021/nl501128c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present simple, self-assembled, and robust fabrication of ultrahigh density cobalt nanowire arrays. The binary Co-Al and Co-Si systems phase-separate during physical vapor deposition, resulting in Co nanowire arrays with average diameter as small as 4.9 nm and nanowire density on the order of 10(16)/m(2). The nanowire diameters were controlled by moderating the surface diffusivity, which affected the lateral diffusion lengths. High resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals that the Co nanowires formed in the face-centered cubic structure. Elemental mapping showed that in both systems the nanowires consisted of Co with undetectable Al or Si and that the matrix consisted of Al with no distinguishable Co in the Co-Al system and a mixture of Si and Co in the Co-Si system. Magnetic measurements clearly indicate anisotropic behavior consistent with shape anisotropy. The dynamics of nanowire growth, simulated using an Ising model, is consistent with the experimental phase and geometry of the nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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31
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Engineering nanocolumnar defect configurations for optimized vortex pinning in high temperature superconducting nanocomposite wires. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2310. [PMID: 23939231 PMCID: PMC3741626 DOI: 10.1038/srep02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report microstructural design via control of BaZrO3 (BZO) defect density in high temperature superconducting (HTS) wires based on epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) films to achieve the highest critical current density, Jc, at different fields, H. We find the occurrence of Jc(H) cross-over between the films with 1–4 vol% BZO, indicating that optimal BZO doping is strongly field-dependent. The matching fields, Bφ, estimated by the number density of BZO nanocolumns are matched to the field ranges for which 1–4 vol% BZO-doped films exhibit the highest Jc(H). With incorporation of BZO defects with the controlled density, we fabricate 4-μm-thick single layer, YBCO + BZO nanocomposite film having the critical current (Ic) of ~1000 A cm−1 at 77 K, self-field and the record minimum Ic, Ic(min), of 455 A cm−1 at 65 K and 3 T for all field angles. This Ic(min) is the largest value ever reported from HTS films fabricated on metallic templates.
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32
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Espinal AE, Yan Y, Zhang L, Espinal L, Morey A, Wells BO, Aindow M, Suib SL. Substrate control of anisotropic resistivity in heteroepitaxial nanostructured arrays of cryptomelane manganese oxide on strontium titanate. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:66-72. [PMID: 23894065 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Resistivity and resistance measurements have been carried out for thin films of cryptomelane-type manganese oxide (OMS-2) grown onto (001), (110), and (111)STO single crystals substrates via pulsed laser deposition. While the symmetries of the (001) and (111)STO substrate surfaces give deposits consisting of multiple nanofiber arrays with isotropic in-plane resistivities, only a single nanofiber array is formed on (110)STO giving highly anisotropic electrical properties with very low resistivity values measured parallel to the fibers and similar to the lowest value ever reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais E Espinal
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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33
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Yanase T, Kawahito A, Hashimoto Y, Endo T, Wang Y, Nagahama T, Shimada T. Fe whisker growth revisited: effect of Au catalysis for [021̄] oriented nanowires with 100 nm diameter. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02966f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth mechanism of Fe nanowires and the role of Au nanoparticle catalysis were revealed using transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction analysis. Fe nanowire has a high aspect ratio and unique [021̄] orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Yanase
- Frontier Chemistry Centre
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - A. Kawahito
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y. Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - T. Endo
- Division of Materials Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y. Wang
- Creative Research Institution
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - T. Nagahama
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - T. Shimada
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
- CREST
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
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34
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Imai A, Cheng X, Xin HL, Eliseev EA, Morozovska AN, Kalinin SV, Takahashi R, Lippmaa M, Matsumoto Y, Nagarajan V. Epitaxial Bi5Ti3FeO15-CoFe2O4 pillar-matrix multiferroic nanostructures. ACS NANO 2013; 7:11079-11086. [PMID: 24215598 DOI: 10.1021/nn404779x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial self-assembled ferro(i)magnetic spinel (CoFe2O4 (CFO)) and ferroelectric bismuth layered perovskite (Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BTFO)) pillar-matrix nanostructures are demonstrated on (001) single-crystalline strontium titanate substrates. The CFO remains embedded in the BTFO matrix as vertical pillars (∼50 nm in diameter) up to a volume fraction of 50%. Piezoresponse force microscopy experiments evidence a weak out-of-plane and a strong in-plane ferroelectricity in the BTFO phase, despite previously reported paraelectricity along the c-axis in a pure BTFO film. Phenomenological Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire-based thermodynamic computations show that the radial stress induced by the CFO nanopillars can influence these ferroelectric phases, thus signifying the importance of the nanopillars. The CFO pillars demonstrate robust ferromagnetic hysteresis loops with little degradation in the saturation magnetization (ca. 4 μB/f.u.). Thus BTFO-CFO nanocomposites show significant promise as a lead-free magnetoelectric materials system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Imai
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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35
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Watson SMD, Mohamed HDA, Horrocks BR, Houlton A. Electrically conductive magnetic nanowires using an electrochemical DNA-templating route. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:5349-5359. [PMID: 23649009 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00716b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of electrically conducting magnetic nanowires has been achieved using electrochemical DNA-templating of iron. In this approach, binding of the Fe(2+) cations to the DNA "template" molecules has been utilised to promote growth along the molecular axis. Formation of Fe within the product material was verified by XRD and XPS studies, which confirmed an iron/oxide "core-shell" structure. The effectiveness of the DNA duplex to direct the metal growth in one dimension was highlighted by AFM which reveals the product material to comprise high aspect ratio nanostructured architectures. These "nanowires" were observed to have morphologies consisting of densely packed linear arrangements of metal particles along the template, with wire diameters up to 26 nm. The structures were confirmed to be electrically conductive, as expected for such Fe-based materials, and to display superparamagnetic behaviour, consistent with the small size and particulate nature of the nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M D Watson
- Chemical Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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36
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Kawasaki JK, Schultz BD, Lu H, Gossard AC, Palmstrøm CJ. Surface-mediated tunable self-assembly of single crystal semimetallic ErSb/GaSb nanocomposite structures. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:2895-2901. [PMID: 23701166 DOI: 10.1021/nl4012563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Arrays of metallic nanostructures embedded within a semiconducting matrix are of great interest for applications in plasmonics, photonic crystals, thermoelectrics, and nanoscale ohmic contacts. We report a method for growing single crystal arrays of semimetallic vertical and horizontal ErSb nanorods, nanotrees, and nanosheets embedded within a semiconducting GaSb matrix. The nanostructures form simultaneously with the matrix and have epitaxial, coherent interfaces with no evidence of stacking faults or dislocations as observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. By combining molecular beam epitaxy growth and in situ scanning tunneling microscopy, we image the growth surface one atomic layer at a time and show that the nanostructured composites form via a surface-mediated self-assembly mechanism that is controlled entirely at the growth front and is not a product of bulk diffusion or bulk segregation. These highly tunable nanocomposites show promise for direct integration into epitaxial semiconductor device structures and also provide a unique system in which to study the atomic scale mechanisms for nucleation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K Kawasaki
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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37
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Bonilla FJ, Novikova A, Vidal F, Zheng Y, Fonda E, Demaille D, Schuler V, Coati A, Vlad A, Garreau Y, Sauvage Simkin M, Dumont Y, Hidki S, Etgens V. Combinatorial growth and anisotropy control of self-assembled epitaxial ultrathin alloy nanowires. ACS NANO 2013; 7:4022-4029. [PMID: 23627649 DOI: 10.1021/nn4000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled vertical epitaxial nanostructures form a new class of heterostructured materials that has emerged in recent years. Interestingly, such kind of architectures can be grown using combinatorial processes, implying sequential deposition of distinct materials. Although opening many perspectives, this combinatorial nature has not been fully exploited yet. This work demonstrates that the combinatorial character of the growth can be further exploited in order to obtain alloy nanowires coherently embedded in a matrix. This issue is illustrated in the case of a fully epitaxial system: CoxNi1-x nanowires in CeO2/SrTiO3(001). The advantage brought by the ability to grow alloys is illustrated by the control of the magnetic anisotropy of the nanowires when passing from pure Ni wires to CoxNi1-x alloys. Further exploitation of this combinatorial approach may pave the way toward full three-dimensional heteroepitaxial architectures through axial structuring of the wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Bonilla
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS UMR 7588, UPMC Université Paris 06, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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38
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Schio P, Bonilla FJ, Zheng Y, Demaille D, Milano J, de Oliveira AJA, Vidal F. Grain structure and magnetic relaxation of self-assembled Co nanowires. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:056002. [PMID: 23262487 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/5/056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic relaxation of Co nanowires assemblies embedded in CeO(2)/SrTiO(3)(001) epilayers has been investigated by magnetization decay measurements. Two different samples were studied, with nanowires having distinct crystallographic structures and diameters of 3 and 5 nm. The structure of the nanowires was derived from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. The 3 nm diameter nanowires are made of hcp Co grains with the c-axis pointing along one of the four <111> directions of the CeO(2) matrix, separated by fcc Co regions. In the 5 nm diameter nanowires, the grains are smaller and the density of stacking faults is much higher. The magnetic viscosity coefficient (S) of these two systems was measured as a function of the applied field and of the temperature. Analysis of the variation of S and of the activation volume for magnetization reversal reveals distinct behaviors for the two systems. In the nanowires assembly with 5 nm diameter, the results can be described by considering an energy barrier distribution related to shape anisotropy and are consistent with a thermally activated reversal of the magnetization. In contrast, the anomalous behavior of the 3 nm diameter wires indicates that additional sources of anisotropy have to be considered in order to describe the distribution of energy barriers and the reversal process. The distinct magnetic behaviors observed in these two systems can be rationalized by considering the grain structure of the nanowires and the resulting effective magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schio
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, UPMC, CNRS UMR 7588, 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris, France
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39
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O'Kelly C, Jung SJ, Bell AP, Boland JJ. Single crystal iron nanocube synthesis via the surface energy driven growth method. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:435604. [PMID: 23059600 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/43/435604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Single crystal iron nanocubes are produced by simply heating a bilayer film. This surface energy driven growth (SEDG) method exploits the difference in surface energies of the components (γ(Fe) ~ 2.2 J m(-2) versus γ(Nd) ~ 0.7 J m(-2)) in the binary alloy Fe-Nd system to produce nanocubes of the higher energy Fe component. The dimensions of the cubes range from tens to hundreds of nanometers in size and can be controlled by changing the initial thickness of iron in the deposited Fe-Nd bilayer prior to annealing at 700 °C. The composition and structure of the nanocubes was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis as single crystal bcc iron in the α-phase. The cubes were found to exist as core-shell structures with the α-phase encased by an intermetallic Fe-Nd phase, characteristic of the SEDG growth mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis O'Kelly
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanotechnology (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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40
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Yasui N, Ohashi Y, Kobayashi T, Den T. Development of phase-separated scintillators with light-guiding properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5464-5469. [PMID: 22887761 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Alkali halide systems that function as phase-separated scintillators (PSSs) with light-guiding properties are sucessfully created. Furthermore, it is the matrix phases of the PSSs which display the light-guiding properties. CsI-NaCl:Tl is a practical material pair because of its high pixel light output and good spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Yasui
- Frontier Research Center, Canon Inc., 0-2, Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 146-8501, Japan.
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41
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Lin WS, Jian ZJ, Lin HM, Lai LC, Chiou WA, Hwu YK, Wu SH, Chen WC, Yao YD. Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Nanowires. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201200263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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42
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Shin J, Goyal A, Cantoni C, Sinclair JW, Thompson JR. Self-assembled ferromagnetic cobalt/yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocomposites for ultrahigh density storage applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:155602. [PMID: 22437151 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/15/155602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on a low-cost, innovative approach for synthesizing prepatterned, magnetic nanostructures, the shapes and dimensions of which can be easily tuned to meet requirements for next-generation data storage technology. The magnetic nanostructures consist of self-assembled Co nanodots and nanowires embedded in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) matrices. The controllable size and aspect ratio of the nanostructures allows the selection of morphologies ranging from nanodots to nanowires. Co nanowires show strong shape anisotropy and large remanence at 300 K. In contrast, Co nanodots display minimal effects of magnetocrystalline anisotropy and superparamagnetic relaxation above the blocking temperature. These prepatterned magnetic nanostructures are very promising candidates for data storage technology with an ultrahigh density of 1 terabit in(-2) or higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsoo Shin
- Materials Sciences and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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43
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Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Particles Hosted in Porous Alumina. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-011-9584-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Bogle KA, Anbusathaiah V, Arredondo M, Lin JY, Chu YH, O'Neill C, Gregg JM, Castell MR, Nagarajan V. Synthesis of epitaxial metal oxide nanocrystals via a phase separation approach. ACS NANO 2010; 4:5139-5146. [PMID: 20731385 DOI: 10.1021/nn1010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite phase instability of BiMnO3 has been exploited to synthesize epitaxial metal oxide magnetic nanocrystals. Thin film processing conditions are tuned to promote the breakdown of the perovskite precursor into Bi2O3 matrix and magnetic manganese oxide islands. Subsequent cooling in vacuum ensures complete volatization of the Bi2O3, thus leaving behind an array of self-assembled magnetic Mn3O4 nanostructures. Both shape and size can be systematically controlled by the ambient oxygen environments and deposition time. As such, this approach can be extended to any other Bi-based complex ternary oxide system as it primarily hinges on the breakdown of parent Bi-based precursor and subsequent Bi2O3 volatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashinath A Bogle
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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45
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Espinal AE, Zhang L, Chen CH, Morey A, Nie Y, Espinal L, Wells BO, Joesten R, Aindow M, Suib SL. Nanostructured arrays of semiconducting octahedral molecular sieves by pulsed-laser deposition. NATURE MATERIALS 2010; 9:54-59. [PMID: 19881497 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cryptomelane-type manganese oxide (OMS-2) has been widely used to explore the semiconducting and catalytic properties of molecular sieves with mixed-valent frameworks. Selective synthesis of patterned thin films of OMS-2 with hierarchical nanostructures and oriented crystals is challenging owing to difficulties in preserving the mixed valence, porosity and crystalline phase. Here, we report that pulsed-laser ablation of OMS-2 in an oxygen-rich medium produces a three-dimensional nanostructured array of parallel and inclined OMS-2 fibres on bare substrates of (001) single-crystal strontium titanate. Both parallel and inclined OMS-2 fibres elongate along the [001](OMS-2) direction. The parallel fibres interact strongly with the substrate and grow epitaxially along <110>(STO) with lattice misfits of less than 4%, whereas the inclined fibres are oriented with (301) parallel to the substrate surface. The spontaneous orientation of the crystalline OMS-2 domains over the STO surface opens up a new avenue in lattice-engineered synthesis of multilayer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais E Espinal
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136, USA
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46
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Choi YC, Yang SA, Kim J, Jeong KO, Cho SY, Bu SD. Self-assembled growth of nanocomposites consisting of TiO(2) nanopillars and Pb(Zr(0.52)Ti(0.48))O(3) thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:425601. [PMID: 19779231 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/42/425601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time the self-assembled growth of nanocomposites of 'TiO(2) nanopillars on Pb(Zr(0.52)Ti(0.48))O(3) (PZT) thin films' using a modified sol-gel processing. Both TiO(2) nanopillars and PZT thin films are simultaneously formed during the post-annealing process. The growth behaviours of TiO(2) nanopillars are controlled by adjusting the Ti excess amounts of PZT solutions and the post-annealing conditions. The self-assembled growth can be explained on the basis of the combined effects of five factors which can have influence during the annealing process: a Ti ion diffusion to the film surface, a phase separation of PZT and TiO(2), a void formation on the film surface, a Ti oxidation at the film surface under oxygen atmosphere, and a nanopillar growth on the film surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Choi
- Department of Physics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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47
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Abstract
Au nanowires have attracted significant interest in nanomaterials research owing to their chemical stability and high conductivity for potential nanoelectronic applications. However, previous syntheses yielded only polycrystalline Au nanowires with diameters larger than 10 nm. Very recent advances in solution-phase synthesis have led to the formation of ultrathin single-crystalline Au nanowires with diameters of less than 10 nm. This Focus Review summarizes the synthesis, characterization, and transport studies of these ultrathin single-crystalline Au nanowires for potential electronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Ni Y, Rao W, Khachaturyan AG. Pseudospinodal mode of decomposition in films and formation of chessboard-like nanostructure. NANO LETTERS 2009; 9:3275-3281. [PMID: 19639986 DOI: 10.1021/nl901551j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A new decomposition mode, a coherent pseudospinodal decomposition under geometrically confined conditions, is discovered. This mode is associated with a coupling of the decomposition with the displacive crystal lattice rearrangement and results in a gradual separation of compositions of two product phases. We consider a particular case of decomposition in an epitaxial thin film. The 3D phase field microelasticity modeling demonstrates that the confined pseudospinodal decomposition dramatically affects the thermodynamics, kinetics and morphology of the system producing a vertically aligned and highly correlated regular chessboard pattern of two product phases. The study reveals the physical origin of the chessboard structure. The computer modeling predicts its geometry in striking agreement with the existing observations. The modeling shows that the transformation develops through a so-called tweed precursor state observed in many martensitic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ni
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Mohapatra SK, Banerjee S, Misra M. Synthesis of Fe(2)O(3)/TiO(2) nanorod-nanotube arrays by filling TiO(2) nanotubes with Fe. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:315601. [PMID: 21828788 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/31/315601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of hematite (α-Fe(2)O(3)) nanostructures on a titania (TiO(2)) nanotubular template is carried out using a pulsed electrodeposition technique. The TiO(2) nanotubes are prepared by the sonoelectrochemical anodization method and are filled with iron (Fe) by pulsed electrodeposition. The Fe/TiO(2) composite is then annealed in an O(2) atmosphere to convert it to Fe(2)O(3)/TiO(2) nanorod-nanotube arrays. The length of the Fe(2)O(3) inside the TiO(2) nanotubes can be tuned from 50 to 550 nm by changing the deposition time. The composite material is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible studies to confirm the formation of one-dimensional Fe(2)O(3)/TiO(2) nanorod-nanotube arrays. The present approach can be used for designing variable one-dimensional metal oxide heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta K Mohapatra
- Chemical and Materials Engineering/MS 388, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Furuya K. Nanofabrication by advanced electron microscopy using intense and focused beam ∗. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2008; 9:014110. [PMID: 27877936 PMCID: PMC5099805 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/9/1/014110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The nanogrowth and nanofabrication of solid substances using an intense and focused electron beam are reviewed in terms of the application of scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM and STEM) to control the size, position and structure of nanomaterials. The first example discussed is the growth of freestanding nanotrees on insulator substrates by TEM. The growth process of the nanotrees was observed in situ and analyzed by high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and was mainly controlled by the intensity of the electron beam. The second example is position- and size-controlled nanofabrication by STEM using a focused electron beam. The diameters of the nanostructures grown ranged from 4 to 20 nm depending on the size of the electron beam. Magnetic nanostructures were also obtained using an iron-containing precursor gas, Fe(CO)5. The freestanding iron nanoantennas were examined by electron holography. The magnetic field was observed to leak from the nanostructure body which appeared to act as a 'nanomagnet'. The third example described is the effect of a vacuum on the size and growth process of fabricated nanodots containing W in an ultrahigh-vacuum field-emission TEM (UHV-FE-TEM). The size of the dots can be controlled by changing the dose of electrons and the partial pressure of the precursor. The smallest particle size obtained was about 1.5 nm in diameter, which is the smallest size reported using this method. Finally, the importance of a smaller probe and a higher electron-beam current with atomic resolution is emphasized and an attempt to develop an ultrahigh-vacuum spherical aberration corrected STEM (Cs-corrected STEM) at NIMS is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Furuya
- High Voltage Electron Microscopy Station, National Institute for Materials Science, 3-13 Sakura, Tsukuba 305-0003, Japan
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