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Ma P, Luo Z, Li Z, Lin Y, Li Z, Wu Z, Ren C, Wu YL. Mitochondrial Artificial K + Channel Construction Using MPTPP@5F8 Nanoparticles for Overcoming Cancer Drug Resistance via Disrupting Cellular Ion Homeostasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302012. [PMID: 37742136 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial potassium ion channels have become a promising target for cancer therapy. However, in malignant tumors, their low expression or inhibitory regulation typically leads to undesired cancer therapy, or even induces drug resistance. Herein, this work develops an in situ mitochondria-targeted artificial K+ channel construction strategy, with the purpose to trigger cancer cell apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial ion homeostasis. Considering the fact that cancer cells have a lower membrane potential than that of normal cells, this strategy can selectively deliver artificial K+ channel molecule 5F8 to the mitochondria of cancer cells, by using a mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphine (TPP) modified block polymer (MPTPP) as a carrier. More importantly, 5F8 can further specifically form a K+ -selective ion channel through the directional assembly of crown ethers on the mitochondrial membrane, thereby inducing mitochondrial K+ influx and disrupting ions homeostasis. Thanks to this design, mitochondrial dysfunction, including decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, downregulated antiapoptotic BCL-2 and MCL-1 protein levels, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, can further effectively induce the programmed apoptosis of multidrug-resistant cancer cells, no matter in case of pump or nonpump dependent drug resistance. In short, this mitochondria-targeted artificial K+ -selective ion channel construction strategy may be beneficial for potential drug resistance cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panqin Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zheng Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuchao Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Zhen Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Changliang Ren
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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Nandi S, Sikder R, Rapior S, Arnould S, Simal-Gandara J, Acharya K. A review for cancer treatment with mushroom metabolites through targeting mitochondrial signaling pathway: In vitro and in vivo evaluations, clinical studies and future prospects for mycomedicine. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105681. [PMID: 37743029 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to apoptosis stands as a roadblock to the successful pharmacological execution of anticancer drug effect. A comprehensive insight into apoptotic signaling pathways and an understanding of the mechanisms of apoptosis resistance are crucial to unveil new drug targets. At this juncture, researchers are heading towards natural sources in particular, mushroom as their potential drugs leads to being the reliable source of potent bioactive compounds. Given the continuous increase in cancer cases, the potent anticancer efficacy of mushrooms has inevitably become a fascinating object to researchers due to their higher safety margin and multitarget. This review aimed to collect and summarize all the available scientific data on mushrooms from their extracts to bioactive molecules in order to suggest their anticancer attributes via a mitochondrion -mediated intrinsic signaling mechanism. Compiled data revealed that bioactive components of mushrooms including polysaccharides, sterols and terpenoids as well as extracts prepared using 15 different solvents from 53 species could be effective in the supportive treatment of 20 various cancers. The underlying therapeutic mechanisms of the studied mushrooms are explored in this review through diverse and complementary investigations: in vitro assays, pre-clinical studies and clinical randomized controlled trials. The processes mainly involved were ROS production, mitochondrial membrane dysfunction, and action of caspase 3, caspase 9, XIAP, cIAP, p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. In summary, the study provides facts pertaining to the potential beneficial effect of mushroom extracts and their active compounds against various types of cancer and is shedding light on the underlying targeted signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Nandi
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, WB 700019, India
| | - Rimpa Sikder
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, WB 700019, India
| | - Sylvie Rapior
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Laboratory of Botany, Phytochemistry and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Arnould
- Centre for Integrative Biology, Molecular, Cellular & Developmental biology unit, CNRS UMR 5077, Université Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, WB 700019, India.
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Navarro-Pérez M, Estadella I, Benavente-Garcia A, Orellana-Fernández R, Petit A, Ferreres JC, Felipe A. The Phosphorylation of Kv1.3: A Modulatory Mechanism for a Multifunctional Ion Channel. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2716. [PMID: 37345053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 plays a pivotal role in a myriad of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Kv1.3 undergoes fine-tuned regulation, and its altered expression or function correlates with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Moreover, posttranslational modifications (PTMs), such as phosphorylation, have evolved as rapid switch-like moieties that tightly modulate channel activity. In addition, kinases are promising targets in anticancer therapies. The diverse serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases function on Kv1.3 and the effects of its phosphorylation vary depending on multiple factors. For instance, Kv1.3 regulatory subunits (KCNE4 and Kvβ) can be phosphorylated, increasing the complexity of channel modulation. Scaffold proteins allow the Kv1.3 channelosome and kinase to form protein complexes, thereby favoring the attachment of phosphate groups. This review compiles the network triggers and signaling pathways that culminate in Kv1.3 phosphorylation. Alterations to Kv1.3 expression and its phosphorylation are detailed, emphasizing the importance of this channel as an anticancer target. Overall, further research on Kv1.3 kinase-dependent effects should be addressed to develop effective antineoplastic drugs while minimizing side effects. This promising field encourages basic cancer research while inspiring new therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Navarro-Pérez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Estadella
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Benavente-Garcia
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Petit
- Departament de Patologia, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Ferreres
- Servei d'Anatomia Patològica, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Morfològiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Szabo I, Szewczyk A. Mitochondrial Ion Channels. Annu Rev Biophys 2023; 52:229-254. [PMID: 37159294 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-092622-094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in multiple cellular tasks, such as ATP synthesis, metabolism, metabolite and ion transport, regulation of apoptosis, inflammation, signaling, and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA. The majority of the correct functioning of mitochondria is based on the large electrochemical proton gradient, whose component, the inner mitochondrial membrane potential, is strictly controlled by ion transport through mitochondrial membranes. Consequently, mitochondrial function is critically dependent on ion homeostasis, the disturbance of which leads to abnormal cell functions. Therefore, the discovery of mitochondrial ion channels influencing ion permeability through the membrane has defined a new dimension of the function of ion channels in different cell types, mainly linked to the important tasks that mitochondrial ion channels perform in cell life and death. This review summarizes studies on animal mitochondrial ion channels with special focus on their biophysical properties, molecular identity, and regulation. Additionally, the potential of mitochondrial ion channels as therapeutic targets for several diseases is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy;
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;
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Bulk E, Todesca LM, Bachmann M, Szabo I, Rieke M, Schwab A. Functional expression of mitochondrial K Ca3.1 channels in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:1147-1157. [PMID: 36152073 PMCID: PMC9560933 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 contributes to the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recently, KCa3.1 channels were found in the inner membrane of mitochondria in different cancer cells. Mitochondria are the main sources for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that affect the progression of cancer cells. Here, we combined Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and fluorescent live-cell imaging to investigate the expression and function of KCa3.1 channels in the mitochondria of NSCLC cells. Western blotting revealed KCa3.1 expression in mitochondrial lysates from different NSCLC cells. Using immunofluorescence, we demonstrate a co-localization of KCa3.1 channels with mitochondria of NSCLC cells. Measurements of the mitochondrial membrane potential with TMRM reveal a hyperpolarization following the inhibition of KCa3.1 channels with the cell-permeable blocker senicapoc. This is not the case when cells are treated with the cell-impermeable peptidic toxin maurotoxin. The hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential is accompanied by an increased generation of ROS in NSCLC cells. Collectively, our results provide firm evidence for the functional expression of KCa3.1 channels in the inner membrane of mitochondria of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etmar Bulk
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | | | | | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Marius Rieke
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Albrecht Schwab
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Mitochondrial targeting theranostic nanomedicine and molecular biomarkers for efficient cancer diagnosis and therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Long D, Fang X, Yuan P, Cheng L, Li H, Qu L. Lidocaine promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells by affecting VDAC1 expression. BMC Anesthesiol 2022; 22:273. [PMID: 36042412 PMCID: PMC9426218 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-022-01818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of lidocaine on the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) and its impact on the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. METHODS We collected clinical data from patients with invasive breast cancer from 2010 to 2020 in the First affiliated hospital of Nanchang University, evaluated the prognostic value of VDAC1 gene expression in breast cancer, and detected the expression of VDAC1 protein in breast cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections. Also, we cultured breast cancer cells (MCF-7) to observe the effect of lidocaine on the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. RESULTS Analysis of clinical data and gene expression data of BRCA patients showed VDAC1 was a differentially expressed gene in BRCA, VDAC1 may be of great significance for the diagnosis and prognosis of BRCA patients. Administration of lidocaine 3 mM significantly decreased VDAC1 expression, the expression of protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (p < 0.05), and the expression of p53 increased significantly (p < 0.05). Lidocaine inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, increased the percentage of G2 / M phase cells and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Lidocaine may inhibit the activity of breast cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of VDAC1, increasing the apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingde Long
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, Jiangxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Road, Donghu district, 330000 Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Xingjun Fang
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, Jiangxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Road, Donghu district, 330000 Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Peihua Yuan
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, Jiangxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Road, Donghu district, 330000 Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Liqin Cheng
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, Jiangxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Road, Donghu district, 330000 Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Li
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - LiangChao Qu
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, Jiangxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yong Wai Zheng Road, Donghu district, 330000 Nanchang, P. R. China
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Fan J, Tian R, Yang X, Wang H, Shi Y, Fan X, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang K, Chen Z, Li L. KCNN4 Promotes the Stemness Potentials of Liver Cancer Stem Cells by Enhancing Glucose Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136958. [PMID: 35805963 PMCID: PMC9266406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) is one of the reasons for the treatment failure of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For LCSCs, one of their prominent features is metabolism plasticity, which depends on transporters and ion channels to exchange metabolites and ions. The K+ channel protein KCNN4 (Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily N Member 4) has been reported to promote cell metabolism and malignant progression of HCCs, but its influence on LCSC stemness has remained unclear. Here, we demonstrated that KCNN4 was highly expressed in L-CSCs by RT-PCR and Western blot. Then, we illustrated that KCNN4 promoted the stemness of HC-C cells by CD133+CD44+ LCSC subpopulation ratio analysis, in vitro stemness transcription factor detection, and sphere formation assay, as well as in vivo orthotopic liver tumor formation and limiting dilution tumorigenesis assays. We also showed that KCNN4 enhanced the glucose metabolism in LCSCs by metabolic enzyme detections and seahorse analysis, and the KCNN4-promoted increase in LCSC ratios was abolished by glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG or OXPHOS inhibitor oligomycin. Collectively, our results suggested that KCNN4 promoted LCSC stemness via enhancing glucose metabolism, and that KCNN4 would be a potential molecular target for eliminating LCSCs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ruofei Tian
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Xiangmin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Institutes of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Xinyu Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Yatong Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Zhinan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710005, China; (J.F.); (R.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (L.L.)
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Kulawiak B, Szewczyk A. Current Challenges of Mitochondrial Potassium Channel Research. Front Physiol 2022; 13:907015. [PMID: 35711307 PMCID: PMC9193220 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.907015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the current challenges of mitochondrial potassium channels research were critically reviewed. Even though recent progress in understanding K+ traffic in mitochondria has been substantial, some basic issues of this process remain unresolved. Here, we focused on the critical discussion of the molecular identity of various mitochondrial potassium channels. This point helps to clarify why there are different potassium channels in specific mitochondria. We also described interactions of mitochondrial potassium channel subunits with other mitochondrial proteins. Posttranslational modifications of mitochondrial potassium channels and their import are essential but unexplored research areas. Additionally, problems with the pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial potassium channel were illustrated. Finally, the limitation of the techniques used to measure mitochondrial potassium channels was explained. We believe that recognizing these problems may be interesting for readers but will also help to progress the field of mitochondrial potassium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusz Kulawiak
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Shiozaki A, Konishi T, Kosuga T, Kudou M, Kurashima K, Inoue H, Shoda K, Arita T, Konishi H, Morimura R, Komatsu S, Ikoma H, Toma A, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Otsuji E. Roles of voltage‑gated potassium channels in the maintenance of pancreatic cancer stem cells. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:76. [PMID: 34414448 PMCID: PMC8425586 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeting of membrane proteins that are activated in cancer stem cells (CSCs) represents one of the key recent strategies in cancer therapy. The present study analyzed ion channel expression profiles and functions in pancreatic CSCs (PCSCs). Cells strongly expressing aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) were isolated from the human pancreatic PK59 cell line using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and PCSCs were identified based on tumorsphere formation. Microarray analysis was performed to investigate the gene expression profiles in PCSCs. ALDH1A1 messenger RNA levels were higher in PCSCs compared with non-PCSCs. PCSCs were resistant to 5-fluorouracil and capable of redifferentiation. The results of the microarray analysis revealed that gene expression related to ion channels, including voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv), was upregulated in PCSCs compared with non-PCSCs. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP), a potent Kv inhibitor, exhibited greater cytotoxicity in PCSCs compared with non-PCSCs. In a xenograft model in nude mice, tumor volumes were significantly lower in mice inoculated with PK59 cells pre-treated with 4-AP compared with those in mice injected with non-treated cells. The present results identified a role of Kv in the persistence of PCSCs and suggested that the Kv inhibitor 4-AP may have potential as a therapeutic agent for pancreatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Tomoki Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Kento Kurashima
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Ryo Morimura
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ikoma
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toma
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
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11
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Choudhary D, Goykar H, Karanwad T, Kannaujia S, Gadekar V, Misra M. An understanding of mitochondria and its role in targeting nanocarriers for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:397-418. [PMID: 34703491 PMCID: PMC8520044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has changed the entire paradigm of drug targeting and has shown tremendous potential in the area of cancer therapy due to its specificity. In cancer, several targets have been explored which could be utilized for the better treatment of disease. Mitochondria, the so-called powerhouse of cell, portrays significant role in the survival and death of cells, and has emerged as potential target for cancer therapy. Direct targeting and nanotechnology based approaches can be tailor-made to target mitochondria and thus improve the survival rate of patients suffering from cancer. With this backdrop, in present review, we have reemphasized the role of mitochondria in cancer progression and inhibition, highlighting the different targets that can be explored for targeting of disease. Moreover, we have also summarized different nanoparticulate systems that have been used for treatment of cancer via mitochondrial targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Choudhary
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Hanmant Goykar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Tukaram Karanwad
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Suraj Kannaujia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Vedant Gadekar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
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12
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Senyuk V, Eskandari N, Jiang Y, Garcia-Varela R, Sundstrom R, Leanza L, Peruzzo R, Burkard M, Minshall RD, Gentile S. Compensatory expression of NRF2-dependent antioxidant genes is required to overcome the lethal effects of Kv11.1 activation in breast cancer cells and PDOs. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102030. [PMID: 34147842 PMCID: PMC8220394 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels are important regulators of cellular homeostasis and targeting these proteins pharmacologically is unveiling important mechanisms in cancer cell biology. Here we demonstrate that pharmacological stimulation of the Kv11.1 potassium channel activity results in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and fragmentation in breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived organoids independent of breast cancer subtype. mRNA expression profiling revealed that Kv11.1 activity significantly altered expression of genes controlling the production of ROS and endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress. Characterization of the transcriptional signature of breast cancer cells treated with Kv11.1 potassium channel activators strikingly revealed an adaptive response to the potentially lethal augmentation of ROS by increasing Nrf2-dependent transcription of antioxidant genes. Nrf2 in this context was shown to promote survival in breast cancer, whereas knockdown of Nrf2 lead to Kv11.1-induced cell death. In conclusion, we found that the Kv11.1 channel activity promotes oxidative stress in breast cancer cells and that suppression of the Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant survival mechanism strongly sensitized breast cancer cells to a lethal effect of pharmacological activation of Kv11.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalyi Senyuk
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Najmeh Eskandari
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ying Jiang
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rebeca Garcia-Varela
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, and the UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey N.L., Mexico
| | - Rachel Sundstrom
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, and the UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mark Burkard
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, and the UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Saverio Gentile
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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13
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Pedersen SF, Flinck M, Pardo LA. The Interplay between Dysregulated Ion Transport and Mitochondrial Architecture as a Dangerous Liaison in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105209. [PMID: 34069047 PMCID: PMC8156689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transport of ions and nutrients is a core mitochondrial function, without which there would be no mitochondrial metabolism and ATP production. Both ion homeostasis and mitochondrial phenotype undergo pervasive changes during cancer development, and both play key roles in driving the malignancy. However, the link between these events has been largely ignored. This review comprehensively summarizes and critically discusses the role of the reciprocal relationship between ion transport and mitochondria in crucial cellular functions, including metabolism, signaling, and cell fate decisions. We focus on Ca2+, H+, and K+, which play essential and highly interconnected roles in mitochondrial function and are profoundly dysregulated in cancer. We describe the transport and roles of these ions in normal mitochondria, summarize the changes occurring during cancer development, and discuss how they might impact tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine F. Pedersen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Correspondence: (S.F.P.); (L.A.P.)
| | - Mette Flinck
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Luis A. Pardo
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.F.P.); (L.A.P.)
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14
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From Channels to Canonical Wnt Signaling: A Pathological Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094613. [PMID: 33924772 PMCID: PMC8125460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is an important pathway mainly active during embryonic development and controlling cell proliferation. This regulatory pathway is aberrantly activated in several human diseases. Ion channels are known modulators of several important cellular functions ranging from the tuning of the membrane potential to modulation of intracellular pathways, in particular the influence of ion channels in Wnt signaling regulation has been widely investigated. This review will discuss the known links between ion channels and canonical Wnt signaling, focusing on their possible roles in human metabolic diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer.
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15
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Checchetto V, Leanza L, De Stefani D, Rizzuto R, Gulbins E, Szabo I. Mitochondrial K + channels and their implications for disease mechanisms. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107874. [PMID: 33930454 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels underwent a rapid development during the last decade, thanks to the molecular identification of some of the nuclear-encoded organelle channels and to advances in strategies allowing specific pharmacological targeting of these proteins. Thereby, genetic tools and specific drugs aided definition of the relevance of several mitochondrial channels both in physiological as well as pathological conditions. Unfortunately, in the case of mitochondrial K+ channels, efforts of genetic manipulation provided only limited results, due to their dual localization to mitochondria and to plasma membrane in most cases. Although the impact of mitochondrial K+ channels on human diseases is still far from being genuinely understood, pre-clinical data strongly argue for their substantial role in the context of several pathologies, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases as well as cancer. Importantly, these channels are druggable targets, and their in-depth investigation could thus pave the way to the development of innovative small molecules with huge therapeutic potential. In the present review we summarize the available experimental evidence that mechanistically link mitochondrial potassium channels to the above pathologies and underline the possibility of exploiting them for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Italy.
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16
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Dadsena S, Jenner A, García-Sáez AJ. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization at the single molecule level. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3777-3790. [PMID: 33576840 PMCID: PMC8106609 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death is essential for development, immune function or tissue homeostasis, and its mis-regulation is linked to various diseases. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) is a central event in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and essential to control the execution of cell death. Here we review current concepts in regulation of MOMP focusing on the interaction network of the Bcl-2 family proteins as well as further regulatory elements influencing MOMP. As MOMP is a complex spatially and temporally controlled process, we point out the importance of single-molecule techniques to unveil processes which would be masked by ensemble measurements. We report key single-molecule studies applied to decipher the composition, assembly mechanism and structure of protein complexes involved in MOMP regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Dadsena
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Jenner
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana J García-Sáez
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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17
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Huang C, Yi H, Shi Y, Cao Q, Shi Y, Cheng D, Braet F, Chen XM, Pollock CA. KCa3.1 Mediates Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:573814. [PMID: 33681190 PMCID: PMC7933228 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.573814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Mitochondrial quality control is primarily mediated by mitochondrial turnover and repair through mitochondrial fission/fusion and mitophagy. We have previously shown that blockade of the calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 ameliorates diabetic renal fibrosis. However, the mechanistic link between KCa3.1 and mitochondrial quality control in diabetic kidney disease is not yet known. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) plays a central role in diabetic kidney disease. Recent studies indicate an emerging role of TGF-β1 in the regulation of mitochondrial function. However, the molecular mechanism mediating mitochondrial quality control in response to TGF-β1 remains limited. In this study, mitochondrial function was assessed in TGF-β1-exposed renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2 cells) transfected with scrambled siRNA or KCa3.1 siRNA. In vivo, diabetes was induced in KCa3.1+/+ and KCa3.1−/− mice by low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Mitochondrial fission/fusion-related proteins and mitophagy markers, as well as BCL2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) (a mitophagy regulator) were examined in HK2 cells and diabetic mice kidneys. The in vitro results showed that TGF-β1 significantly inhibited mitochondrial ATP production rate and increased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production when compared to control, which was normalized by KCa3.1 gene silencing. Increased fission and suppressed fusion were found in both TGF-β1-treated HK2 cells and diabetic mice, which were reversed by KCa3.1 deficiency. Furthermore, our results showed that mitophagy was inhibited in both in vitro and in vivo models of diabetic kidney disease. KCa3.1 deficiency restored abnormal mitophagy by inhibiting BNIP3 expression in TGF-β1-induced HK2 cells as well as in the diabetic mice. Collectively, these results indicate that KCa3.1 mediates the dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control in diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Huang
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School Northern, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hao Yi
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School Northern, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ying Shi
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Qinghua Cao
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School Northern, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yin Shi
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School Northern, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Delfine Cheng
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Filip Braet
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School Northern, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School Northern, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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Revisiting Mitochondria Scored Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030432. [PMID: 33498743 PMCID: PMC7865825 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The indispensible role of mitochondria has been described over a century ago by Otto Warburg which has been serving the fields of cell biology and cancer biology immensely. Mitochondria are the principal site for vital mechanisms which vastly dictate the physiology. The intricacy of mitochondria’s role cancer have been noticed and well addressed in recent times. The underlying mechanisms are surfacing to unveil the nature of mitochondria and its participation in tumor cell motility and metastasis. This addressing may unravel novel therapeutic options. This review summarizes and reweighs the key aspects like underlying and emerging mechanisms which might be useful in designing novel chemotherapy. Abstract The Warburg effect has immensely succored the study of cancer biology, especially in highlighting the role of mitochondria in cancer stemness and their benefaction to the malignancy of oxidative and glycolytic cancer cells. Mitochondrial genetics have represented a focal point in cancer therapeutics due to the involvement of mitochondria in programmed cell death. The mitochondrion has been well established as a switch in cell death decisions. The mitochondrion’s instrumental role in central bioenergetics, calcium homeostasis, and translational regulation has earned it its fame in metastatic dissemination in cancer cells. Here, we revisit and review mechanisms through which mitochondria influence oncogenesis and metastasis by underscoring the oncogenic mitochondrion that is capable of transferring malignant capacities to recipient cells.
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Mortalin depletion induces MEK/ERK-dependent and ANT/CypD-mediated death in vemurafenib-resistant B-Raf V600E melanoma cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 502:25-33. [PMID: 33440231 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapy resistance to a selective B-Raf inhibitor (BRAFi) poses a challenge in treating patients with BRAF-mutant melanomas. Here, we report that RNA interference of mortalin (HSPA9/GRP75), a mitochondrial molecular chaperone often upregulated and mislocalized in melanoma, can effectively induce death of vemurafenib-resistant progenies of human B-RafV600E melanoma cell lines, A375 and Colo-829. Mortalin depletion induced death of vemurafenib-resistant cells at similar efficacy as observed in vemurafenib-naïve parental cells. This lethality was correlated with perturbed mitochondrial permeability and was attenuated by knockdown of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) and cyclophilin D (CypD), the key regulators of mitochondrial permeability. Chemical inhibition of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 also suppressed mortalin depletion-induced death and mitochondrial permeability in these cells. These data suggest that mortalin and MEK/ERK regulate an ANT/CypD-associated mitochondrial death mechanism(s) in B-RafV600E melanoma cells and that this regulation is conserved even after these cells develop BRAFi resistance. We also show that doxycycline-induced mortalin depletion can effectively suppress the xenografts of vemurafenib-resistant A375 progeny in athymic nude mice. These findings suggest that mortalin has potential as a candidate therapeutic target for BRAFi-resistant BRAF-mutant tumors.
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20
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Iseki Y, Ono Y, Hibi C, Tanaka S, Takeshita S, Maejima Y, Kurokawa J, Murakawa M, Shimomura K, Sakamoto K. Opening of Intermediate Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K + Channels in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells Increases the Myotube Diameter via the Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:454-462. [PMID: 33376149 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of potassium channels and the ensuing hyperpolarization in skeletal myoblasts are essential for myogenic differentiation. However, the effects of K+ channel opening in myoblasts on skeletal muscle mass are unclear. Our previous study revealed that pharmacological activation of intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (IKCa channels) increases myotube formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of 5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (DCEBIO), a Ca2+-activated K+ channel opener, on the mass of skeletal muscle. Application of DCEBIO to C2C12 cells during myogenesis increased the diameter of C2C12 myotubes in a concentration-dependent manner. This DCEBIO-induced hypertrophy was abolished by gene silencing of IKCa channels. However, it was resistant to 1 µM but sensitive to 10 µM TRAM-34, a specific IKCa channel blocker. Furthermore, DCEBIO reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential by opening IKCa channels. Therefore, DCEBIO should increase myotube mass by opening of IKCa channels distributed in mitochondria. Pharmacological studies revealed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS), Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are involved in DCEBIO-induced myotube hypertrophy. An additional study demonstrated that DCEBIO-induced muscle hypertrophic effects are only observed when applied in the early stage of myogenic differentiation. In an in vitro myotube inflammatory atrophy experiment, DCEBIO attenuated the reduction of myotube diameter induced by endotoxin. Thus, we concluded that DCEBIO increases muscle mass by activating the IKCa channel/mitoROS/Akt/mTOR pathway. Our study suggests the potential of DCEBIO in the treatment of muscle wasting diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our study shows that 5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (DCEBIO), a small molecule opener of Ca2+-activated K+ channel, increased muscle diameter via the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. And DCEBIO overwhelms C2C12 myotube atrophy induced by endotoxin challenge. Our report should inform novel role of K+ channel in muscle development and novel usage of K+ channel opener such as for the treatment of muscle wasting diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Iseki
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Yuko Ono
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Chihiro Hibi
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Shoko Tanaka
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Shunya Takeshita
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Yuko Maejima
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Junko Kurokawa
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Masahiro Murakawa
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Kenju Shimomura
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
| | - Kazuho Sakamoto
- Departments of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine (Y.I., Y.O., S.T., Y.M., K.Sh., K.Sa.) and Anesthesiology (Y.I., M.M.), Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); and Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, Japan (C.H., S.T., J.K., K.Sa.)
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21
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Park SH, Shin I, Kim YH, Shin I. Mitochondrial Cl --Selective Fluorescent Probe for Biological Applications. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12116-12119. [PMID: 32829639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the development of the first mitochondrial Cl--selective fluorescent probe, Mito-MQAE, and its applications in biological systems. Fluorescence of Mito-MQAE is insensitive to pH over the physiological pH range and is quenched by Cl- with a Stern-Volmer quenching constant of 201 M-1 at pH 7.0. The results of cell studies using Mito-MQAE show that substances with the ability to disrupt mitochondrial membranes cause increases in the mitochondrial Cl- concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Insu Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Chow LWC, Leung YM. The versatile Kv channels in the nervous system: actions beyond action potentials. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2473-2482. [PMID: 31894358 PMCID: PMC11104815 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel opening repolarizes excitable cells by allowing K+ efflux. Over the last two decades, multiple Kv functions in the nervous system have been found to be unrelated to or beyond the immediate control of excitability, such as shaping action potential contours or regulation of inter-spike frequency. These functions include neuronal exocytosis and neurite formation, neuronal cell death, regulation of astrocyte Ca2+, glial cell and glioma proliferation. Some of these functions have been shown to be independent of K+ conduction, that is, they suggest the non-canonical functions of Kv channels. In this review, we focus on neuronal or glial plasmalemmal Kv channel functions which are unrelated to shaping action potentials or immediate control of excitability. Similar functions in other cell types will be discussed to some extent in appropriate contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis W C Chow
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
- UNIMED Medical Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Organisation for Oncology and Translational Research, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk- Man Leung
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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23
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Channels and transporters for inorganic ions in plant mitochondria: Prediction and facts. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:224-233. [PMID: 32540403 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetic organelles for providing different metabolites, including ATP, to sustain cell growth both in animals and in plants. These organelles, delimited by two membranes (outer and inner mitochondrial membrane), maintain their function by an intensive communication with other organelles as well as with the cytosol. Transport of metabolites across the two membranes, but also that of inorganic ions, takes place through specific ion channels and transporters and plays a crucial role in ensuring an adequate ionic milieu within the mitochondria. In the present review we briefly summarize the current knowledge about plant mitochondrial ion channels and transporters in comparison to those of animal mitochondria and examine the possible molecular identity of the so far unidentified transport systems taking into account subcellular targeting predictions and data from literature.
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Reina S, Pittalà MGG, Guarino F, Messina A, De Pinto V, Foti S, Saletti R. Cysteine Oxidations in Mitochondrial Membrane Proteins: The Case of VDAC Isoforms in Mammals. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:397. [PMID: 32582695 PMCID: PMC7287182 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine residues are reactive amino acids that can undergo several modifications driven by redox reagents. Mitochondria are the source of an abundant production of radical species, and it is surprising that such a large availability of highly reactive chemicals is compatible with viable and active organelles, needed for the cell functions. In this work, we review the results highlighting the modifications of cysteines in the most abundant proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), that is, the voltage-dependent anion selective channel (VDAC) isoforms. This interesting protein family carries several cysteines exposed to the oxidative intermembrane space (IMS). Through mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, cysteine posttranslational modifications (PTMs) were precisely determined, and it was discovered that such cysteines can be subject to several oxidization degrees, ranging from the disulfide bridge to the most oxidized, the sulfonic acid, one. The large spectra of VDAC cysteine oxidations, which is unique for OMM proteins, indicate that they have both a regulative function and a buffering capacity able to counteract excess of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) load. The consequence of these peculiar cysteine PTMs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Reina
- Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Gaetana Giovanna Pittalà
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Guarino
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Messina
- Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vito De Pinto
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Foti
- Organic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Saletti
- Organic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Mortalin/HSPA9 targeting selectively induces KRAS tumor cell death by perturbing mitochondrial membrane permeability. Oncogene 2020; 39:4257-4270. [PMID: 32291414 PMCID: PMC7244387 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial HSP70 chaperone mortalin (HSPA9/GRP75) is often upregulated and mislocalized in MEK/ERK-deregulated tumors. Here, we show that mortalin depletion can selectively induce death of immortalized normal fibroblasts IMR90E1A when combined with K-RasG12V expression, but not with wild type K-Ras expression, and that K-RasG12V-driven MEK/ERK activity is necessary for this lethality. This cell death was attenuated by knockdown or inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), cyclophilin D (CypD), or mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), which implicates a mitochondria-originated death mechanism. Indeed, mortalin depletion increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and induced cell death in KRAS-mutated human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and colon cancer lines, which were attenuated by knockdown or inhibition of ANT, CypD, or MCU, and occurred independently of TP53 and p21CIP1. Intriguingly, JG-98, an advanced MKT-077 derivative, phenocopied the lethal effects of mortalin depletion in K-RasG12V-expressing IMR90E1A and KRAS-mutated tumor cell lines in vitro. Moreover, JG-231, a JG-98 analog with improved microsomal stability effectively suppressed the xenograft of MIA PaCa-2, a K-RasG12C-expressing human PDAC line, in athymic nude mice. These data demonstrate that oncogenic KRAS activity sensitizes cells to the effects of mortalin depletion, suggesting that mortalin has potential as a selective therapeutic target for KRAS-mutated tumors.
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26
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Desales-Salazar E, Khusro A, Cipriano-Salazar M, Barbabosa-Pliego A, Rivas-Caceres RR. Scorpion venoms and associated toxins as anticancer agents: update on their application and mechanism of action. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1310-1324. [PMID: 32249452 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the deadliest non-infectious diseases of the 21st century, causing millions of mortalities per year worldwide. Analyses of conventional treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have shown not only a lower therapeutic efficiency rate but also plethora of side-effects. Considering the desperate need to identify promising anticancer agents, researchers are in quest to design and develop new tumoricidal drugs from natural sources. Over the past few years, scorpion venoms have shown exemplary roles as pivotal anticancer agents. Scorpion venoms associated metabolites, particularly toxins demonstrated in vitro anticancer attributes against diversified cell lines by inhibiting the growth and progression of the cell cycle, inhibiting metastasis by blocking ion channels such as K+ and Cl- , and/or inducing apoptosis by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This review sheds light not only on in vitro anticancer properties of distinct scorpion venoms and their toxins, but also on their mechanism of action for designing and developing new therapeutic drugs in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasto Desales-Salazar
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal (CIESA), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), Toluca, Mexico
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moisés Cipriano-Salazar
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal (CIESA), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), Toluca, Mexico
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27
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Wu PK, Hong SK, Chen W, Becker AE, Gundry RL, Lin CW, Shao H, Gestwicki JE, Park JI. Mortalin (HSPA9) facilitates BRAF-mutant tumor cell survival by suppressing ANT3-mediated mitochondrial membrane permeability. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/622/eaay1478. [PMID: 32156782 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aay1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mortalin [also known as heat shock protein family A (HSP70) member 9 (HSPA9) or glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75)] is a mitochondrial molecular chaperone that is often up-regulated and mislocalized in tumors with abnormal activation of the kinases MEK and ERK. Here, we found that mortalin depletion was selectively lethal to tumor and immortalized normal cells expressing the mutant kinase B-RafV600E or the chimeric protein ΔRaf-1:ER and that MEK-ERK-sensitive regulation of the peptide-binding domain in mortalin was critical to cell survival or death. Proteomics screening identified adenine nucleotide translocase 3 (ANT3) as a previously unknown mortalin substrate and cell survival/death effector. Mechanistically, increased MEK-ERK signaling activity and mortalin function converged opposingly on the regulation of mitochondrial permeability. Specifically, whereas MEK-ERK activity increased mitochondrial permeability by promoting the interaction between ANT3 and the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase cyclophilin D (CypD), mortalin decreased mitochondrial permeability by inhibiting this interaction. Hence, mortalin depletion increased mitochondrial permeability in MEK-ERK-deregulated cells to an extent that triggered cell death. HSP70 inhibitor derivatives that effectively inhibited mortalin suppressed the proliferation of B-RafV600E tumor cells in culture and in vivo, including their B-Raf inhibitor-resistant progenies. These findings suggest that targeting mortalin has potential as a selective therapeutic strategy in B-Raf-mutant or MEK-ERK-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Kei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Seung-Keun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Andrew E Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Rebekah L Gundry
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.,Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Chien-Wei Lin
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Hao Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Vitamin C versus Cancer: Ascorbic Acid Radical and Impairment of Mitochondrial Respiration? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1504048. [PMID: 32411317 PMCID: PMC7201545 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1504048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C as a cancer therapy has a controversial history. Much of the controversy arises from the lack of predictive biomarkers for stratification of patients, as well as a clear understanding of the mechanism of action and its multiple targets underlying the anticancer effect. Our review expands the analysis of cancer vulnerabilities for high-dose vitamin C, based on several facts, illustrating the cytotoxic potential of the ascorbyl free radical (AFR) via impairment of mitochondrial respiration and the mechanisms of its elimination in mammals by the membrane-bound NADH:cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase 3 (Cyb5R3). This enzyme catalyzes rapid conversion of AFR to ascorbate, as well as reduction of other redox-active compounds, using NADH as an electron donor. We propose that vitamin C can function in “protective mode” or “destructive mode” affecting cellular homeostasis, depending on the intracellular “steady-state” concentration of AFR and differential expression/activity of Cyb5R3 in cancerous and normal cells. Thus, a specific anticancer effect can be achieved at high doses of vitamin C therapy. The review is intended for a wide audience of readers—from students to specialists in the field.
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29
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Xu Y, Yang H, Brennan CS, Coldea TE, Zhao H. Cellular mechanism for the improvement of multiple stress tolerance in brewer's yeast by potassium ion supplementation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Huirong Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Charles S. Brennan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Lincoln University Lincoln 7464 Canterbury New Zealand
| | - Teodora Emilia Coldea
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj‐Napoca 400372 Romania
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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30
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Lin D, Cui B, Ma J, Ren J. MiR-183-5p protects rat hearts against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through targeting VDAC1. Biofactors 2020; 46:83-93. [PMID: 31618500 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been reported to be implicated in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of miR-183-5p on I/R injury. Overexpression of miR-183-5p by agomiR transfection alleviated cardiac dysfunction and significantly reduced the infarct size in rats with myocardial I/R. MiR-183-5p also alleviated myocardial apoptosis with reduced apoptotic cells and lower levels of apoptosis associated proteins. in vitro experiments were conducted on rat H9c2 cells treated with anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R). Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry reported that the ratio of apoptotic cells decreased by miR-183-5p transfection before A/R treatment. Moreover, according to binding sequence prediction and Dual luciferase reporter assay, we explored that voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), which aggravates myocardial injury and apoptosis reported in our former research, was a target of miR-183-5p. In conclusion, miR-183-5p can efficiently attenuate I/R injury and miR-183-5p may exert its effect through repressing VDAC1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duomao Lin
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boqun Cui
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayue Ren
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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New potential biomarker for stratification of patients for pharmacological vitamin C in adjuvant settings of cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101357. [PMID: 31678721 PMCID: PMC6920102 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our graphical review expands the analysis of cancer vulnerabilities for high dose vitamin C, based on several facts, illustrating the cytotoxic potential of the ascorbate free radical (AFR) via impairment of mitochondrial respiration and the mechanisms of its elimination in mammals by the membrane-bound NADH:cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase 3 (Cyb5R3). We propose that vitamin C can function in “protective mode” or “destructive mode” affecting cellular homeostasis, depending on the intracellular “steady-state” concentration of AFR and differential expression/activity of Cyb5R3 in cancerous and normal cells. Thus, a specific anti-cancer effect can be achieved at high doses of vitamin C therapy. The review is intended for a wide audience of readers – from students to specialists in the field. The ascorbate radical could impair mitochondrial respiration via cytochrome c reduction. The ascorbate radical could mediate the imbalance of the coenzyme Q “pool” in cancer cells. The selective cytotoxicity of vitamin C in cancer could be mediated by Cyb5R3/VDAC1. Low/normal doses of vitamin C act in a “protective mode” for normal/cancer cells. High doses of vitamin C act in a “destructive mode” for cancer cells only.
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32
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Dihydrochalcone Derivative Induces Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis via Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and ER Stress Pathways but Abolishes EGFR/MAPK Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7298539. [PMID: 31772936 PMCID: PMC6855007 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7298539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dihydrochalcone derivatives are active compounds that have been purified from the Thai medicinal plant Cyathostemma argenteum. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of two dihydrochalcone derivatives on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell proliferation and to study the relevant mechanisms involved. The two dihydrochalcone derivatives are 4′,6′-dihydroxy-2′,4-dimethoxy-5′-(2″-hydroxybenzyl)dihydrochalcone (compound 1) and calomelanone (2′,6′-dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxydihydrochalcone, compound 2), both of which induced cytotoxicity toward both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner by using MTT assay. Treatment with both derivatives induced apoptosis as determined by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide employing flow cytometry. The reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (staining with 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide, DiOC6, employing a flow cytometer) was established in the compound 1-treated cells. Compound 1 induced caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activities in both cell lines, as has been determined by specific colorimetric substrates and a spectrophotometric microplate reader which indicated the involvement of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Calcium ion levels in mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments increased in compound 1-treated cells as detected by Rhod-2AM and Fluo-3AM intensity, respectively, indicating the involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. Compound 1 induced cell cycle arrest via enhanced atm and atr expressions and by upregulating proapoptotic proteins, namely, Bim, Bad, and tBid. Moreover, compound 1 significantly inhibited the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, compound 1 induced MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell apoptosis via intrinsic, extrinsic, and ER stress pathways, whereas it ameliorated the EGFR/MAPK pathway in the MCF-7 cell line. Consequently, it is believed that compound 1 could be effectively developed for cancer treatments.
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Merolle L, Sponder G, Sargenti A, Mastrototaro L, Cappadone C, Farruggia G, Procopio A, Malucelli E, Parisse P, Gianoncelli A, Aschenbach JR, Kolisek M, Iotti S. Overexpression of the mitochondrial Mg channel MRS2 increases total cellular Mg concentration and influences sensitivity to apoptosis. Metallomics 2019; 10:917-928. [PMID: 29952392 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00050f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of action of the mitochondrial Mg channel MRS2 and its involvement in cell viability remain unclear. Deletion of MRS2 has been reported to abolish Mg influx into mitochondria, to induce functional defects in mitochondrial organelles, and to result in cell death. We evaluated whether MRS2 expression had an impact on total Mg cellular content by inducing the overexpression of MRS2 in HEK-293 cells. We observed a remarkable increase of total intracellular Mg concentration in cells overexpressing MRS2 compared with control cells. In order to investigate whether and in what manner the detected Mg increment was involved in the MRS2 influence on cell viability, we treated MRS2-overexpressing cells with two known apoptotic inducers. We found that cells overexpressing the MRS2 channel became less responsive to these pharmacological insults. Our experimental evidence indicates that the MRS2 channel controls overall intracellular Mg levels, the alteration of which might have a role in the molecular signaling leading to apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Merolle
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123, Italy.
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Prosdocimi E, Checchetto V, Leanza L. Targeting the Mitochondrial Potassium Channel Kv1.3 to Kill Cancer Cells: Drugs, Strategies, and New Perspectives. SLAS DISCOVERY 2019; 24:882-892. [PMID: 31373829 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219864894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the consequence of aberrations in cell growth or cell death. In this scenario, mitochondria and ion channels play a critical role in regard to cell proliferation, malignant angiogenesis, migration, and metastasis. In this review, we focus on Kv1.3 and specifically on mitoKv1.3, which showed an aberrant expression in cancer cells compared with healthy tissues and which is involved in the apoptotic pathway. In recent years, mitoKv1.3 has become an oncological target since its pharmacological modulation has been demonstrated to reduce tumor growth and progression both in vitro and in vivo using preclinical mouse models of different types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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35
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Khasiyatullina NR, Mironov VF, Gumerova SK, Voloshina AD, Sapunova AS. Versatile approach to naphthoquinone phosphonium salts and evaluation of their biological activity. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Contribution of Mitochondrial Ion Channels to Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060761. [PMID: 31159324 PMCID: PMC6627730 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ion channels are emerging oncological targets, as modulation of these ion-transporting proteins may impact on mitochondrial membrane potential, efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen production. In turn, these factors affect the release of cytochrome c, which is the point of no return during mitochondrial apoptosis. Many of the currently used chemotherapeutics induce programmed cell death causing damage to DNA and subsequent activation of p53-dependent pathways that finally leads to cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial inter-membrane space. The view is emerging, as summarized in the present review, that ion channels located in this organelle may account in several cases for the resistance that cancer cells can develop against classical chemotherapeutics, by preventing drug-induced apoptosis. Thus, pharmacological modulation of these channel activities might be beneficial to fight chemo-resistance of different types of cancer cells.
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Implication of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels in Neoplastic Cell Proliferation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030287. [PMID: 30823672 PMCID: PMC6468671 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) are the largest group of ion channels. Kv are involved in controlling the resting potential and action potential duration in the heart and brain. Additionally, these proteins participate in cell cycle progression as well as in several other important features in mammalian cell physiology, such as activation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell volume control. Therefore, Kv remarkably participate in the cell function by balancing responses. The implication of Kv in physiological and pathophysiological cell growth is the subject of study, as Kv are proposed as therapeutic targets for tumor regression. Though it is widely accepted that Kv channels control proliferation by allowing cell cycle progression, their role is controversial. Kv expression is altered in many cancers, and their participation, as well as their use as tumor markers, is worthy of effort. There is an ever-growing list of Kv that remodel during tumorigenesis. This review focuses on the actual knowledge of Kv channel expression and their relationship with neoplastic proliferation. In this work, we provide an update of what is currently known about these proteins, thereby paving the way for a more precise understanding of the participation of Kv during cancer development.
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38
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Leanza L, Checchetto V, Biasutto L, Rossa A, Costa R, Bachmann M, Zoratti M, Szabo I. Pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial ion channels. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4258-4283. [PMID: 30440086 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels has undergone a rapid development during the last three decades, due to the molecular identification of some of the channels residing in the outer and inner membranes. Relevant information about the function of these channels in physiological and pathological settings was gained thanks to genetic models for a few, mitochondria-specific channels. However, many ion channels have multiple localizations within the cell, hampering a clear-cut determination of their function by pharmacological means. The present review summarizes our current knowledge about the ins and outs of mitochondrial ion channels, with special focus on the channels that have received much attention in recent years, namely, the voltage-dependent anion channels, the permeability transition pore (also called mitochondrial megachannel), the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and some of the inner membrane-located potassium channels. In addition, possible strategies to overcome the difficulties of specifically targeting mitochondrial channels versus their counterparts active in other membranes are discussed, as well as the possibilities of modulating channel function by small peptides that compete for binding with protein interacting partners. Altogether, these promising tools along with large-scale chemical screenings set up to identify new, specific channel modulators will hopefully allow us to pinpoint the actual function of most mitochondrial ion channels in the near future and to pharmacologically affect important pathologies in which they are involved, such as neurodegeneration, ischaemic damage and cancer. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Mitochondrial Pharmacology: Featured Mechanisms and Approaches for Therapy Translation. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.22/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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39
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Kamiya K, Osaki T, Nakao K, Kawano R, Fujii S, Misawa N, Hayakawa M, Takeuchi S. Electrophysiological measurement of ion channels on plasma/organelle membranes using an on-chip lipid bilayer system. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17498. [PMID: 30504856 PMCID: PMC6269590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are located in plasma membranes as well as on mitochondrial, lysosomal, and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. They play a critical role in physiology and drug targeting. It is particularly challenging to measure the current mediated by ion channels in the lysosomal and the endoplasmic reticulum membranes using the conventional patch clamp method. In this study, we show that our proposed device is applicable for an electrophysiological measurement of various types of ion channel in plasma and organelle membranes. We designed an on-chip device that can form multiple electrical contacts with a measurement system when placed on a mount system. Using crude cell membranes containing ion channels extracted from cultured cells without detergents, we detected open/close signals of the hERG, TRPV1, and NMDA channels on plasma membranes, those of the TRPML1 channels on lysosomal membranes, and open/close signals of the RyR channels on SR membranes. This method will provide a highly versatile drug screening system for ion channels expressed by various cell membranes, including plasma, SR, mitochondrial, Golgi, and lysosomal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kamiya
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Osaki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan.,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakao
- Biomolecular Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 2-26-1 Muraokahigashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawano
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Nobuo Misawa
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hayakawa
- Research and Development Department, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan. .,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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40
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Bachmann M, Costa R, Peruzzo R, Prosdocimi E, Checchetto V, Leanza L. Targeting Mitochondrial Ion Channels to Fight Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072060. [PMID: 30011966 PMCID: PMC6073807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several experimental evidences have underlined a new role of ion channels in cancer development and progression. In particular, mitochondrial ion channels are arising as new oncological targets, since it has been proved that most of them show an altered expression during tumor development and the pharmacological targeting of some of them have been demonstrated to be able to modulate cancer growth and progression, both in vitro as well as in vivo in pre-clinical mouse models. In this scenario, pharmacology of mitochondrial ion channels would be in the near future a new frontier for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we discuss the new advances in the field, by focusing our attention on the improvements in new drug developments to target mitochondrial ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Roberta Peruzzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Elena Prosdocimi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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41
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Ohkubo S, Dalla Via L, Grancara S, Kanamori Y, García-Argáez AN, Canettieri G, Arcari P, Toninello A, Agostinelli E. The antioxidant, aged garlic extract, exerts cytotoxic effects on wild-type and multidrug-resistant human cancer cells by altering mitochondrial permeability. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1257-1268. [PMID: 29956777 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aged garlic extract (AGE) has been shown to possess therapeutic properties in cancer; however its mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we demonstrate by MTT assay that AGE exerts an anti-proliferative effect on a panel of both sensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) human cancer cell lines and enhances the effects of hyperthermia (42˚C) on M14 melanoma cells. The evaluation of the mitochondrial activity in whole cancer cells treated with AGE, performed by cytofluorimetric analysis in the presence of the lipophilic cationic fluorochrome JC-1, revealed the occurrence of dose-dependent mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Membrane potential was measured by the TPP+ selective electrode. In order to shed light on its mechanisms of action, the effects of AGE on isolated rat liver mitochondria were also examined. In this regard, AGE induced a mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization of approximately 15 mV through a mechanism that was similar to that observed with the ionophores, nigericin or salinomycin, by activating an exchange between endogenous K+ with exogenous H+. The prolonged incubation of the mitochondria with AGE induced depolarization and matrix swelling, indicative of mitochondrial permeability transition induction that, however, occurs through a different mechanism from the well-known one. In particular, the transition pore opening induced by AGE was due to the rearrangement of the mitochondrial membranes following the increased activity of the K+/H+ exchanger. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that AGE exerts cytotoxic effects on cancer cells by altering mitochondrial permeability. In particular, AGE in the mitochondria activates K+/H+ exchanger, causes oxidative stress and induces mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Ohkubo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lisa Dalla Via
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Grancara
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Yuta Kanamori
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Aída Nelly García-Argáez
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine - Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Arcari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Toninello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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43
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Mattarei A, Romio M, Managò A, Zoratti M, Paradisi C, Szabò I, Leanza L, Biasutto L. Novel Mitochondria-Targeted Furocoumarin Derivatives as Possible Anti-Cancer Agents. Front Oncol 2018; 8:122. [PMID: 29740538 PMCID: PMC5925966 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting small molecules to appropriate subcellular compartments is a way to increase their selectivity and effectiveness while minimizing side effects. This can be accomplished either by stably incorporating specific "homing" properties into the structure of the active principle, or by attaching to it a targeting moiety via a labile linker, i.e., by producing a "targeting pro-drug." Mitochondria are a recognized therapeutic target in oncology, and blocking the population of the potassium channel Kv1.3 residing in the inner mitochondrial membrane (mtKv1.3) has been shown to cause apoptosis of cancerous cells expressing it. These concepts have led us to devise novel, mitochondria-targeted, membrane-permeant drug candidates containing the furocoumarin (psoralenic) ring system and the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) lipophilic cation. The strategy has proven effective in various cancer models, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and glioblastoma, stimulating us to devise further novel molecules to extend and diversify the range of available drugs of this type. New compounds were synthesized and tested in vitro; one of them-a prodrug in which the coumarinic moiety and the TPP group are linked by a bridge comprising a labile carbonate bond system-proved quite effective in in vitro cytotoxicity assays. Selective death induction is attributed to inhibition of mtKv1.3. This results in oxidative stress, which is fatal for the already-stressed malignant cells. This compound may thus be a candidate drug for the mtKv1.3-targeting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Romio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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44
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Öner Ç, Çolak E, Coşan DT. Potassium channel inhibitors induce oxidative stress in breast cancer cells. ASIAN BIOMED 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2018-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Antioxidant levels increase to protect cell homeostasis when oxidant generation is increased by drug or inhibitor treatment. If the oxidant–antioxidant equilibrium is disrupted, oxidative stress will occur.
Objectives
To determine the effects of various potassium channel inhibitors in the disruption of oxidant–antioxidant equilibrium in breast cancer cell lines with various phenotypes.
Methods
MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were treated with tetraethylammonium chloride (5 mM; TEA), 4-aminopyridine (5 mM; 4-AP), margatoxin (25 nM; MgTX), or astemizole (200 nM; AST). After treatment, total antioxidant, oxidant, and oxidative stress levels were determined.
Results
Incubation with TEA, 4-AP, MgTX, and AST increased oxidative stress in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (P < 0.001). Specific inhibitors of calcium-activated potassium channels and ether á go-go 1-related potassium channels produce greater oxidative stress than other inhibitors in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, whereas in MDA-MB-231 cells, the nonselective channel inhibitor 4-AP produces the greatest oxidative stress.
Conclusions
Potassium channel inhibitors used in our study disrupted the antioxidant–oxidant equilibrium and increased oxidative stress in the cancer cell lines. Although all of the channel inhibitors increased oxidative stress in cells, TEA and AST were the most effective inhibitors in MCF-7 cells. 4-AP was the most effective inhibitor in MDA-MB-231 cells. Voltage-gated potassium channels are attractive targets for anticancer therapy, and their inhibitors may enhance the effects of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağri Öner
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty , Eskişehir Osmangazi University , Eskişehir , 26480 , Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Çolak
- Department of Biostatics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty , Eskişehir Osmangazi University , Eskişehir 26480 , Turkey
| | - Didem Turgut Coşan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty , Eskişehir Osmangazi University , Eskişehir , 26480 , Turkey
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45
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Ketchem CJ, Kucera C, Barve A, Beverly LJ. The Antiarrhythmic Drug, Amiodarone, Decreases AKT Activity and Sensitizes Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells to Apoptosis by ABT-263. Am J Med Sci 2018; 355:488-496. [PMID: 29753379 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful treatment of leukemia requires new medications to combat drug resistance, but the development of novel therapies is an arduous and risky endeavor. Repurposing currently approved drugs or those already in clinical development to treat other indications is a more practical approach. Moreover, combinatorial therapeutics are often more efficacious than single agent therapeutics because the former can simultaneously target multiple pathways that mitigate tumor aggressiveness and induce cancer cell death. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we combined the class III antiarrhythmic agent amiodarone and the BH3 mimetic ABT-263 based on data from a prior drug screen to assess the degree of apoptotic induction in 2 human leukemia cell lines. RESULTS The combination yielded statistically significant increases in apoptosis in both cell lines by downregulating AKT activity and increasing cleaved caspase-3. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that combining K+ channel blockers with prosurvival Bcl-2 family inhibitors is a promising therapeutic approach in treating leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey J Ketchem
- Department of Medicine, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Cory Kucera
- Department of Physiology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Aditya Barve
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Levi J Beverly
- Department of Medicine, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Physiology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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46
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Corazao-Rozas P, Guerreschi P, André F, Gabert PE, Lancel S, Dekiouk S, Fontaine D, Tardivel M, Savina A, Quesnel B, Mortier L, Marchetti P, Kluza J. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation controls cancer cell's life and death decisions upon exposure to MAPK inhibitors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39473-39485. [PMID: 27250023 PMCID: PMC5129946 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although MAPK pathway inhibitors are becoming a promising anticancer strategy, they are insufficient to fully eliminate cancer cells and their long-term efficacy is strikingly limited in patients with BRAF-mutant melanomas. It is well established that BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) hamper glucose uptake before the apparition of cell death. Here, we show that BRAFi induce an extensive restructuring of mitochondria including an increase in mitochondrial activity and biogenesis associated with mitochondrial network remodeling. Furthermore, we report a close interaction between ER and mitochondria in melanoma exposed to BRAFi. This physical connection facilitates mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake after its release from the ER. Interestingly, Mfn2 silencing disrupts the ER–mitochondria interface, intensifies ER stress and exacerbates ER stress-induced apoptosis in cells exposed to BRAFi in vitro and in vivo. This mitochondrial control of ER stress-mediated cell death is similar in both BRAF- and NRAS-mutant melanoma cells exposed to MEK inhibitors. This evidence reinforces the relevance in combining MAPK pathway inhibitors with mitochondriotropic drugs to improve targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Corazao-Rozas
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Guerreschi
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Fanny André
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre-Elliott Gabert
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Steve Lancel
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011- EGID, Lille, France
| | - Salim Dekiouk
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Fontaine
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Meryem Tardivel
- Bioimaging Center, Lille Nord de France-Campus HU, Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
| | | | - Bruno Quesnel
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Mortier
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Marchetti
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France.,Centre de Bio-Pathologie, Plate-forme de Biothérapie, Banque de Tissus, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jérome Kluza
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France.,Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France.,SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France
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Chen TJ, He HL, Shiue YL, Yang CC, Lin LC, Tian YF, Chen SH. High chloride channel accessory 1 expression predicts poor prognoses in patients with rectal cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1171-1178. [PMID: 30123054 PMCID: PMC6097263 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.26685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has now become the standard of treatments for advanced rectal cancer before surgery. To search the biological molecules with prognostic and therapeutic potential of CCRT could be beneficial for these patients. Recently, aberrant expression of chloride channels has been linked to radio-resistance in glioblastoma; however, its clinical implication has not been well-studied in rectal cancers. Therefore, we examined the clinical significance of targetable drivers associated with chloride channel activity in patients with rectal cancer receiving CCRT. Methods: After datamining from a published transcriptome of rectal cancers, upregulation of CLCA1 gene was recognized to be significantly correlated with non-responders of CCRT. In validation cohort of rectal cancers, the expression levels of CLCA1 were accessed by using immunohistochemistry assays in 172 tumor specimens that were obtained before any treatment. Expression levels of CLCA1 were statistically analyzed with principal clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in this substantial cohort. Results: In validation cohort, high expression of CLCA1 was significantly associated with higher pre-treatment tumor nodal stages (P=0.032), vascular invasion (P=0.028), and inferior tumor regression grade (P=0.042). In survival evaluations, high expression of CLCA1 was significantly correlated with worse local recurrence-free survival (LRFS; P=0.0012), metastasis-free survival (MeFS; P =0.0114), and disease-specific survival (DSS; P=0.0041). Furthermore, high expression of CLCA1 remained an independent prognosticator of shorter LRFS (P=0.029, hazard ratio=2.555), MeFS (P=0.044, hazard ratio=2.125) and DSS (P=0.044, hazard ratio=2.172). Conclusions: High expression of CLCA1 is significantly associated with poor therapeutic response and survival outcomes in rectal cancer patients with CCRT treatment before surgery. With the development of specific inhibitors, our findings indicate not only prognostic but also therapeutic potential of CLCA1 in rectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health & Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Camara AKS, Zhou Y, Wen PC, Tajkhorshid E, Kwok WM. Mitochondrial VDAC1: A Key Gatekeeper as Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Physiol 2017; 8:460. [PMID: 28713289 PMCID: PMC5491678 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key source of ATP that fuels cellular functions, and they are also central in cellular signaling, cell division and apoptosis. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases, and various types of cancer. One of the key proteins that regulate mitochondrial function is the voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), the most abundant protein on the outer membrane of mitochondria. VDAC1 is the gatekeeper for the passages of metabolites, nucleotides, and ions; it plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis due to its interaction with apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, namely members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins and hexokinase. Therefore, regulation of VDAC1 is crucial not only for metabolic functions of mitochondria, but also for cell survival. In fact, multiple lines of evidence have confirmed the involvement of VDAC1 in several diseases. Consequently, modulation or dysregulation of VDAC1 function can potentially attenuate or exacerbate pathophysiological conditions. Understanding the role of VDAC1 in health and disease could lead to selective protection of cells in different tissues and diverse diseases. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of VDAC1 in the pathogenesis of diseases and as a potentially effective target for therapeutic management of various pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou K S Camara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States
| | - YiFan Zhou
- Department of Assay Development, HD BiosciencesShanghai, China
| | - Po-Chao Wen
- Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, IL, United States
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, IL, United States
| | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States
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49
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Kim HK, Noh YH, Nilius B, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Kim N, Han J. Current and upcoming mitochondrial targets for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2017. [PMID: 28627410 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential intracellular organelles that regulate energy metabolism, cell death, and signaling pathways that are important for cell proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, mitochondria are fundamentally implicated in cancer biology, including initiation, growth, metastasis, relapse, and acquired drug resistance. Based on these implications, mitochondria have been proposed as a major therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In addition to classical view of mitochondria in cancer biology, recent studies found novel pathophysiological roles of mitochondria in cancer. In this review, we introduce recent concepts of mitochondrial roles in cancer biology including mitochondrial DNA mutation and epigenetic modulation, energy metabolism reprogramming, mitochondrial channels, involvement in metastasis and drug resistance, and cancer stem cells. We also discuss the role of mitochondria in emerging cancer therapeutic strategies, especially cancer immunotherapy and CRISPR-Cas9 system gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Noh
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bernd Nilius
- KU Leuven, Department Cell Mol Medicine, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Leanza L, Romio M, Becker KA, Azzolini M, Trentin L, Managò A, Venturini E, Zaccagnino A, Mattarei A, Carraretto L, Urbani A, Kadow S, Biasutto L, Martini V, Severin F, Peruzzo R, Trimarco V, Egberts JH, Hauser C, Visentin A, Semenzato G, Kalthoff H, Zoratti M, Gulbins E, Paradisi C, Szabo I. Direct Pharmacological Targeting of a Mitochondrial Ion Channel Selectively Kills Tumor Cells In Vivo. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:516-531.e10. [PMID: 28399409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The potassium channel Kv1.3 is highly expressed in the mitochondria of various cancerous cells. Here we show that direct inhibition of Kv1.3 using two mitochondria-targeted inhibitors alters mitochondrial function and leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated death of even chemoresistant cells independently of p53 status. These inhibitors killed 98% of ex vivo primary chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia tumor cells while sparing healthy B cells. In orthotopic mouse models of melanoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the compounds reduced tumor size by more than 90% and 60%, respectively, while sparing immune and cardiac functions. Our work provides direct evidence that specific pharmacological targeting of a mitochondrial potassium channel can lead to ROS-mediated selective apoptosis of cancer cells in vivo, without causing significant side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Romio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Immunological Branch, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute for Molecular Medicine (VIMM), via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Venturini
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Angela Zaccagnino
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, and Department of Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Carraretto
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Stephanie Kadow
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Martini
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Immunological Branch, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute for Molecular Medicine (VIMM), via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Severin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Immunological Branch, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute for Molecular Medicine (VIMM), via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Peruzzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Immunological Branch, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute for Molecular Medicine (VIMM), via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Jan-Hendrik Egberts
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, and Department of Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hauser
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, and Department of Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Immunological Branch, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute for Molecular Medicine (VIMM), via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Immunological Branch, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute for Molecular Medicine (VIMM), via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, and Department of Surgery, UKSH, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0558, USA.
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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