1
|
Kang DD, Hou X, Wang L, Xue Y, Li H, Zhong Y, Wang S, Deng B, McComb DW, Dong Y. Engineering LNPs with polysarcosine lipids for mRNA delivery. Bioact Mater 2024; 37:86-93. [PMID: 38523704 PMCID: PMC10957522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the approval of the lipid nanoparticles (LNP)-mRNA vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, there has been an increased interest in the delivery of mRNA through LNPs. However, current LNP formulations contain PEG lipids, which can stimulate the generation of anti-PEG antibodies. The presence of these antibodies can potentially cause adverse reactions and reduce therapeutic efficacy after administration. Given the widespread deployment of the COVID-19 vaccines, the increased exposure to PEG may necessitate the evaluation of alternative LNP formulations without PEG components. In this study, we investigated a series of polysarcosine (pSar) lipids as alternatives to the PEG lipids to determine whether pSar lipids could still provide the functionality of the PEG lipids in the ALC-0315 and SM-102 LNP systems. We found that complete replacement of the PEG lipid with a pSar lipid can increase or maintain mRNA delivery efficiency and exhibit similar safety profiles in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana D. Kang
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xucheng Hou
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Leiming Wang
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yonger Xue
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Haoyuan Li
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yichen Zhong
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Siyu Wang
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Binbin Deng
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - David W. McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Z. Strategies for enhanced gene delivery to the central nervous system. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3009-3028. [PMID: 38868835 PMCID: PMC11166101 DOI: 10.1039/d3na01125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of genes to the central nervous system (CNS) has been a persistent challenge due to various biological barriers. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), in particular, hampers the access of systemically injected drugs to parenchymal cells, allowing only a minimal percentage (<1%) to pass through. Recent scientific insights highlight the crucial role of the extracellular space (ECS) in governing drug diffusion. Taking into account advancements in vectors, techniques, and knowledge, the discussion will center on the most notable vectors utilized for gene delivery to the CNS. This review will explore the influence of the ECS - a dynamically regulated barrier-on drug diffusion. Furthermore, we will underscore the significance of employing remote-control technologies to facilitate BBB traversal and modulate the ECS. Given the rapid progress in gene editing, our discussion will also encompass the latest advances focused on delivering therapeutic editing in vivo to the CNS tissue. In the end, a brief summary on the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML), ultrasmall, soft endovascular robots, and high-resolution endovascular cameras on improving the gene delivery to the CNS will be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghong Gao
- Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Masarwy R, Stotsky-Oterin L, Elisha A, Hazan-Halevy I, Peer D. Delivery of nucleic acid based genome editing platforms via lipid nanoparticles: Clinical applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 211:115359. [PMID: 38857763 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas technology presents a promising approach for treating a wide range of diseases, including cancer and genetic disorders. Despite its potential, the translation of CRISPR/Cas into effective in-vivo gene therapy encounters challenges, primarily due to the need for safe and efficient delivery mechanisms. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), FDA-approved for RNA delivery, show potential for delivering also CRISPR/Cas, offering the capability to efficiently encapsulate large mRNA molecules with single guide RNAs. However, achieving precise targeting in-vivo remains a significant obstacle, necessitating further research into optimizing LNP formulations. Strategies to enhance specificity, such as modifying LNP structures and incorporating targeting ligands, are explored to improve organ and cell type targeting. Furthermore, the development of base and prime editing technology presents a potential breakthrough, offering precise modifications without generating double-strand breaks (DSBs). Prime editing, particularly when delivered via targeted LNPs, holds promise for treating diverse diseases safely and precisely. This review assesses both the progress made and the persistent challenges faced in using LNP-encapsulated CRISPR-based technologies for therapeutic purposes, with a particular focus on clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razan Masarwy
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Stotsky-Oterin
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviad Elisha
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbal Hazan-Halevy
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Henser-Brownhill T, Martin L, Samangouei P, Ladak A, Apostolidou M, Nagel B, Kwok A. In Silico Screening Accelerates Nanocarrier Design for Efficient mRNA Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401935. [PMID: 38837626 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Lipidic nanocarriers are a broad class of lipid-based vectors with proven potential for packaging and delivering emerging nucleic acid therapeutics. An important early step in the clinical development cycle is large-scale screening of diverse formulation libraries to assess particle quality and payload delivery efficiency. Due to the size of the screening space, this process can be both costly and time-consuming. To address this, computational models capable of predicting clinically relevant physio-chemical properties of dendrimer-lipid nanocarriers, along with their mRNA payload delivery efficiency in human cells are developed. The models are then deployed on a large theoretical nanocarrier pool consisting of over 4.5 million formulations. Top predictions are synthesised for validation using cell-based assays, leading to the discovery of a high quality, high performing, candidate. The methods reported here enable rapid, high-throughput, in silico pre-screening for high-quality candidates, and have great potential to reduce the cost and time required to bring mRNA therapies to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam Martin
- Nuntius Therapeutics Limited, London, W10 5JJ, UK
| | | | - Aaqib Ladak
- Nuntius Therapeutics Limited, London, W10 5JJ, UK
| | | | - Benita Nagel
- Nuntius Therapeutics Limited, London, W10 5JJ, UK
| | - Albert Kwok
- Nuntius Therapeutics Limited, London, W10 5JJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leandro K, Rufino-Ramos D, Breyne K, Di Ianni E, Lopes SM, Jorge Nobre R, Kleinstiver BP, Perdigão PRL, Breakefield XO, Pereira de Almeida L. Exploring the potential of cell-derived vesicles for transient delivery of gene editing payloads. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024:115346. [PMID: 38849005 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Gene editing technologies have the potential to correct genetic disorders by modifying, inserting, or deleting specific DNA sequences or genes, paving the way for a new class of genetic therapies. While gene editing tools continue to be improved to increase their precision and efficiency, the limited efficacy of in vivo delivery remains a major hurdle for clinical use. An ideal delivery vehicle should be able to target a sufficient number of diseased cells in a transient time window to maximize on-target editing and mitigate off-target events and immunogenicity. Here, we review major advances in novel delivery platforms based on cell-derived vesicles - extracellular vesicles and virus-like particles - for transient delivery of gene editing payloads. We discuss major findings regarding packaging, in vivo biodistribution, therapeutic efficacy, and safety concerns of cell-derived vesicles delivery of gene-editing cargos and their potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Leandro
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David Rufino-Ramos
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Koen Breyne
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Emilio Di Ianni
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sara M Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Jorge Nobre
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; ViraVector - Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Benjamin P Kleinstiver
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Pedro R L Perdigão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; ViraVector - Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ganesh S, Kim MJ, Lee J, Feng X, Ule K, Mahan A, Krishnan HS, Wang Z, Anzahaee MY, Singhal G, Korboukh I, Lockridge JA, Sanftner L, Rijnbrand R, Abrams M, Brown BD. RNAi mediated silencing of STAT3/PD-L1 in tumor-associated immune cells induces robust anti-tumor effects in immunotherapy resistant tumors. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1895-1916. [PMID: 38549376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors are often associated with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), rendering most of them resistant to standard-of-care immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor, has well-defined immunosuppressive functions in several leukocyte populations within the TME. Since the STAT3 protein has been challenging to target using conventional pharmaceutical modalities, we investigated the feasibility of applying systemically delivered RNA interference (RNAi) agents to silence its mRNA directly in tumor-associated immune cells. In preclinical rodent tumor models, chemically stabilized acylated small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) selectively silenced Stat3 mRNA in multiple relevant cell types, reduced STAT3 protein levels, and increased cytotoxic T cell infiltration. In a murine model of CPI-resistant pancreatic cancer, RNAi-mediated Stat3 silencing resulted in tumor growth inhibition, which was further enhanced in combination with CPIs. To further exemplify the utility of RNAi for cancer immunotherapy, this technology was used to silence Cd274, the gene encoding the immune checkpoint protein programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Interestingly, silencing of Cd274 was effective in tumor models that are resistant to PD-L1 antibody therapy. These data represent the first demonstration of systemic delivery of RNAi agents to the TME and suggest applying this technology for immuno-oncology applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Ganesh
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA.
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Jenny Lee
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Xudong Feng
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Krisjanis Ule
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Amy Mahan
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | | | - Zhe Wang
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | | | - Garima Singhal
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Ilia Korboukh
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | | | - Laura Sanftner
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Rene Rijnbrand
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Marc Abrams
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Bob D Brown
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, a Novo Nordisk Company, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang B, Tang M, Chen Q, Ho W, Teng Y, Xiong X, Jia Z, Li X, Xu X, Zhang XQ. Delivery of mRNA Encoding Interleukin-12 and a Stimulator of Interferon Genes Agonist Potentiates Antitumor Efficacy through Reversing T Cell Exhaustion. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38832815 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
T cell exhaustion has emerged as a major hurdle that impedes the clinical translation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists. It is crucial to explore innovative strategies to rejuvenate exhausted T cells and potentiate the antitumor efficacy. Here, we propose an approach utilizing MSA-2 as a STING agonist, along with nanoparticle-mediated delivery of mRNA encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12) to restore the function of T cells. We developed a lipid nanoparticle (DMT7-IL12 LNP) that encapsulated IL12 mRNA. Our findings convincingly demonstrated that the combination of MSA-2 and DMT7-IL12 LNP can effectively reverse the exhausted T cell phenotype, as evidenced by the enhanced secretion of cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and Granzyme B, coupled with reduced levels of inhibitory molecules such as T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 and programmed cell death protein-1 on CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this approach led to improved survival and tumor regression without causing any systemic toxicity in melanoma and lung metastasis models. These findings suggest that mRNA encoding IL-12 in conjunction with STING agonists has the potential to confer superior clinical outcomes, representing a promising advancement in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Maoping Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qijing Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | | | - Yilong Teng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaojian Xiong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhitong Jia
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200051, China
| | | | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu X, Xu L, Wang J, Wen C, Xia J, Zhang Y, Liang Y. Bioinspired cellular membrane-derived vesicles for mRNA delivery. Theranostics 2024; 14:3246-3266. [PMID: 38855184 PMCID: PMC11155408 DOI: 10.7150/thno.93755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid advancement of mRNA as vaccines and therapeutic agents in the biomedical field has sparked hope in the fight against untreatable diseases. Successful clinical application of mRNA therapeutics largely depends on the carriers. Recently, a new and exciting focus has emerged on natural cell-derived vesicles. These nanovesicles offer many functions, including enhanced drug delivery capabilities and immune evasion, thereby presenting a unique and promising platform for the effective and safe delivery of mRNA therapeutics. In this study, we summarize the characteristics and properties of biomimetic delivery systems for mRNA therapeutics. In particular, we discuss the unique features of cellular membrane-derived vesicles (CDVs) and the combination of synthetic nanovesicles with CDVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingzhi Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Caining Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bonam SR, Hazell NC, Mathew MJ, Liang Y, Zhang X, Wei Z, Alameh MG, Weissman D, Hu H. Innate and Adaptive Immune Parameters following mRNA Vaccination in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:543. [PMID: 38793794 PMCID: PMC11125668 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised the standard regarding the current vaccine development pace, as several messenger RNA (mRNA)-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines have proved their ability to induce strong immunogenicity and protective efficacy. We developed 1-methylpseudouridine-containing mRNA-LNP vaccines, expressing either the more conserved SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (mRNA-N) or spike protein (mRNA-S), both based on the prototypic viral sequences. When combining both mRNA-S and mRNA-N together (mRNA-S+N), the vaccine showed high immunogenicity and broad protection against different SARS-CoV-2 variants, including wildtype, Delta, BA.1, BA.5, and BQ.1. To better understand the mechanisms behind this broad protection obtained by mRNA-S+N, we analyzed innate and adaptive immune parameters following vaccination in mice. Compared to either mRNA-S or mRNA-N alone, mice vaccinated with mRNA-S+N exhibited an increase in the innate immune response, as depicted by the higher cytokine (IL-6 and chemokine (MCP-1) levels. In addition, lymph node immunophenotyping showed the maturation and activation of dendritic cells and natural killer cells, respectively. To understand the adaptive immune response, RNA-Seq analyses of the lung and spleen samples of the vaccinated mice were performed in parallel and revealed a stronger immune gene-expression profile in the lung than that in the spleen. Compared to mRNA-S alone, mRNA-S+N vaccination elicited higher levels of expression for genes involved in multiple immune pathways, including T cells, cytokine signaling, antigen presentation, B cells, and innate immunity. Together, our studies provide immunological insights into the mechanisms of broad protection conferred by dual mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (N.C.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Nicholas C. Hazell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (N.C.H.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mano Joseph Mathew
- EFREI Research Lab, Panthéon Assas University, 30-32 Avenue de la République, 94800 Villejuif, France;
- Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire, EA7528, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, HESAM Université, 2 rue Conté, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (N.C.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (X.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (X.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (M.-G.A.); (D.W.)
| | - Drew Weissman
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (M.-G.A.); (D.W.)
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (N.C.H.); (Y.L.)
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee JH, Han JP. In vivo LNP-CRISPR Approaches for the Treatment of Hemophilia. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:239-248. [PMID: 38538969 PMCID: PMC11068834 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-024-00705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in coagulation factor VIII (hemophilia A) or IX (hemophilia B) genes resulting in blood clotting disorders. Despite advances in therapies, such as recombinant proteins and products with extended half-lives, the treatment of hemophilia still faces two major limitations: the short duration of therapeutic effect and production of neutralizing antibodies against clotting factors (inhibitor). To overcome these limitations, new hemophilia treatment strategies have been established such as gene therapy, bispecific antibody, and rebalancing therapy. Although these strategies have shown promising results, it is difficult to achieve a permanent therapeutic effect. Advances in the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology have allowed sustainable treatment by correcting mutated genes. Since genome editing generates irreversible changes in host genome, safety must be ensured by delivering target organs. Therefore, the delivery tool of the CRISPR system is crucial for safe, accurate, and efficient genome editing. Recently, non-viral vector lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as safer tools for delivering CRISPR systems than other viral vectors. Several previous hemophilia pre-clinical studies using LNP-CRISPR showed that sufficient and sustainable therapeutic effects, which means that LNP-CRISPR-mediated genome-editing therapy can be a valid option for the treatment of hemophilia. In this paper, we summarize the latest advancements in the successful treatment of hemophilia and the potential of CRISPR-mediated genome-editing therapy using LNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyeon Lee
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-ro, Daewha, Pyeongchang, 25354, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Jeong Pil Han
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-ro, Daewha, Pyeongchang, 25354, Gangwon, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
G Popova P, Chen SP, Liao S, Sadarangani M, Blakney AK. Clinical perspective on topical vaccination strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115292. [PMID: 38522725 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most successful measures in modern medicine to combat diseases, especially infectious diseases, and saves millions of lives every year. Vaccine design and development remains critical and involves many aspects, including the choice of platform, antigen, adjuvant, and route of administration. Topical vaccination, defined herein as the introduction of a vaccine to any of the three layers of the human skin, has attracted interest in recent years as an alternative vaccination approach to the conventional intramuscular administration because of its potential to be needle-free and induce a superior immune response against pathogens. In this review, we describe recent progress in developing topical vaccines, highlight progress in the development of delivery technologies for topical vaccines, discuss potential factors that might impact the topical vaccine efficacy, and provide an overview of the current clinical landscape of topical vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petya G Popova
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sunny P Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Suiyang Liao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada; Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
| | - Anna K Blakney
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Desai N, Chavda V, Singh TRR, Thorat ND, Vora LK. Cancer Nanovaccines: Nanomaterials and Clinical Perspectives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401631. [PMID: 38693099 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer nanovaccines represent a promising frontier in cancer immunotherapy, utilizing nanotechnology to augment traditional vaccine efficacy. This review comprehensively examines the current state-of-the-art in cancer nanovaccine development, elucidating innovative strategies and technologies employed in their design. It explores both preclinical and clinical advancements, emphasizing key studies demonstrating their potential to elicit robust anti-tumor immune responses. The study encompasses various facets, including integrating biomaterial-based nanocarriers for antigen delivery, adjuvant selection, and the impact of nanoscale properties on vaccine performance. Detailed insights into the complex interplay between the tumor microenvironment and nanovaccine responses are provided, highlighting challenges and opportunities in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, the study presents a thorough analysis of ongoing clinical trials, presenting a snapshot of the current clinical landscape. By curating the latest scientific findings and clinical developments, this study aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians engaged in advancing cancer immunotherapy. Integrating nanotechnology into vaccine design holds immense promise for revolutionizing cancer treatment paradigms, and this review provides a timely update on the evolving landscape of cancer nanovaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimeet Desai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Vivek Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | | | - Nanasaheb D Thorat
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre (LDCRC), University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, Castletroy, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, Medical Science Division, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nele V, Campani V, Alia Moosavian S, De Rosa G. Lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery: Self-assembling vs driven-assembling strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115291. [PMID: 38514018 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Among non-viral vectors, lipid nanovectors are considered the gold standard for the delivery of RNA therapeutics. The success of lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery, with three products approved for human use, has stimulated further investigation into RNA therapeutics for different pathologies. This requires decoding the pathological intracellular processes and tailoring the delivery system to the target tissue and cells. The complexity of the lipid nanovectors morphology originates from the assembling of the lipidic components, which can be elicited by various methods able to drive the formation of nanoparticles with the desired organization. In other cases, pre-formed nanoparticles can be mixed with RNA to induce self-assembly and structural reorganization into RNA-loaded nanoparticles. In this review, the most relevant lipid nanovectors and their potentialities for RNA delivery are described on the basis of the assembling mechanism and of the particle architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Seyedeh Alia Moosavian
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jangra S, Lamoot A, Singh G, Laghlali G, Chen Y, Ye T, García-Sastre A, De Geest BG, Schotsaert M. Lipid nanoparticle composition for adjuvant formulation modulates disease after influenza virus infection in quadrivalent influenza vaccine vaccinated mice. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370564. [PMID: 38711520 PMCID: PMC11070541 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
There are considerable avenues through which currently licensed influenza vaccines could be optimized. We tested influenza vaccination in a mouse model with two adjuvants: Sendai virus-derived defective interfering (SDI) RNA, a RIG-I agonist; and an amphiphilic imidazoquinoline (IMDQ-PEG-Chol), a TLR7/8 agonist. The negatively charged SDI RNA was formulated into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) facilitating direct delivery of SDI RNA to the cytosol, where RIG-I sensing induces inflammatory and type I interferon responses. We previously tested SDI RNA and IMDQ-PEG-Chol as standalone and combination adjuvants for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Here, we tested two different ionizable lipids, K-Ac7-Dsa and S-Ac7-Dog, for LNP formulations. The LNPs were incorporated with SDI RNA to determine its potential as a combination adjuvant with IMDQ-PEG-Chol by evaluating the host immune response to vaccination and infection in immunized BALB/c mice. Adjuvanticity of IMDQ-PEG-Chol with and without empty or SDI-loaded LNPs was validated with quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV), showing robust induction of antibody titers and T-cell responses. Depending on the adjuvant combination and LNP formulation, humoral and cellular vaccine responses could be tailored towards type 1 or type 2 host responses with specific cytokine profiles that correlated with the protective responses to viral infection. The extent of protection conferred by different vaccine/LNP/adjuvant combinations was tested by challenging mice with a vaccine-matched strain of influenza A virus A/Singapore/gp1908/2015 IVR-180 (H1N1). Groups that received either LNP formulated with SDI or IMDQ-PEG-Chol, or both, showed very low levels of viral replication in their lungs at 5 days post-infection (DPI). These studies provide evidence that the combination of vaccines with LNPs and/or adjuvants promote antigen-specific cellular responses that can contribute to protection upon infection. Interestingly, we observed differences in humoral and cellular responses to vaccination between different groups receiving K-Ac7-Dsa or S-Ac7-Dog lipids in LNP formulations. The differences were also reflected in inflammatory responses in lungs of vaccinated animals to infection, depending on LNP formulations. Therefore, this study suggests that the composition of the LNPs, particularly the ionizable lipid, plays an important role in inducing inflammatory responses in vivo, which is important for vaccine safety and to prevent adverse effects upon viral exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Jangra
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gabriel Laghlali
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sheikhlary S, Lopez DH, Moghimi S, Sun B. Recent Findings on Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines: An Updated Review. Biomolecules 2024; 14:503. [PMID: 38672519 PMCID: PMC11048403 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the global leading causes of death and various vaccines have been developed over the years against it, including cell-based, nucleic acid-based, and viral-based cancer vaccines. Although many vaccines have been effective in in vivo and clinical studies and some have been FDA-approved, there are major limitations to overcome: (1) developing one universal vaccine for a specific cancer is difficult, as tumors with different antigens are different for different individuals, (2) the tumor antigens may be similar to the body's own antigens, and (3) there is the possibility of cancer recurrence. Therefore, developing personalized cancer vaccines with the ability to distinguish between the tumor and the body's antigens is indispensable. This paper provides a comprehensive review of different types of cancer vaccines and highlights important factors necessary for developing efficient cancer vaccines. Moreover, the application of other technologies in cancer therapy is discussed. Finally, several insights and conclusions are presented, such as the possibility of using cold plasma and cancer stem cells in developing future cancer vaccines, to tackle the major limitations in the cancer vaccine developmental process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sheikhlary
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - David Humberto Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (D.H.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Sophia Moghimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (D.H.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (D.H.L.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Loser V, Baumgartner T, Legardeur H, Panchaud A, Théaudin M. Patisiran exposure in early pregnancy: a case report. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2024; 17:17562864241239755. [PMID: 38532802 PMCID: PMC10964446 DOI: 10.1177/17562864241239755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We describe here the first case of exposure to patisiran treatment, a small interfering RNA molecule, during early pregnancy of a 36-year-old woman with symptomatic hereditary transthyretin-related amyloidosis. There were no major complications during pregnancy and delivery, except for a postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony. Vitamin A levels had to be closely monitored during pregnancy, and vitamin A substitution adapted accordingly. There was no sign of minor or major congenital abnormalities of the baby. One month after delivery, the patient showed slight clinical and electrophysiological signs of neuropathy progression due to patisiran treatment withdrawal. Patisiran infusions were resumed 3 months after delivery. Due to the unknown teratogenic potential of patisiran, the risk of neuropathy worsening associated with withholding treatment must of course be weighed against a potential teratogenic risk of treatment during pregnancy. Vitamin A levels need to be closely assessed, and substitution must be adapted accordingly, to avoid embryofetal adverse outcome due to vitamin A deficiency or toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Loser
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 44, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Baumgartner
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Legardeur
- Woman–Mother–Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alice Panchaud
- Service of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie Théaudin
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marcos-Villar L, Perdiguero B, Anthiya S, Borrajo ML, Lou G, Franceschini L, Esteban I, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Zamora C, Sorzano CÓS, Jordá L, Codó L, Gelpí JL, Sisteré-Oró M, Meyerhans A, Thielemans K, Martínez-Jiménez F, López-Bigas N, García F, Alonso MJ, Plana M, Esteban M, Gómez CE. Modulating the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 by different nanocarriers delivering an mRNA expressing trimeric RBD of the spike protein: COVARNA Consortium. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:53. [PMID: 38448450 PMCID: PMC10918104 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccines based on mRNA technology have revolutionized the field. In fact, lipid nanoparticles (LNP) formulated with mRNA are the preferential vaccine platform used in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 infection, with wider application against other diseases. The high demand and property right protection of the most potent cationic/ionizable lipids used for LNP formulation of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have promoted the design of alternative nanocarriers for nucleic acid delivery. In this study we have evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of different rationally designed lipid and polymeric-based nanoparticle prototypes against SARS-CoV-2 infection. An mRNA coding for a trimeric soluble form of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein from SARS-CoV-2 was encapsulated using different components to form nanoemulsions (NE), nanocapsules (NC) and lipid nanoparticles (LNP). The toxicity and biological activity of these prototypes were evaluated in cultured cells after transfection and in mice following homologous prime/boost immunization. Our findings reveal good levels of RBD protein expression with most of the formulations. In C57BL/6 mice immunized intramuscularly with two doses of formulated RBD-mRNA, the modified lipid nanoparticle (mLNP) and the classical lipid nanoparticle (LNP-1) were the most effective delivery nanocarriers at inducing binding and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Both prototypes fully protected susceptible K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from morbidity and mortality following a SARS-CoV-2 challenge. These results highlight that modulation of mRNAs immunogenicity can be achieved by using alternative nanocarriers and support further assessment of mLNP and LNP-1 prototypes as delivery vehicles for mRNA vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marcos-Villar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Perdiguero
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shubaash Anthiya
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mireya L Borrajo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gustavo Lou
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Franceschini
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ignasi Esteban
- AIDS Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón
- Veterinary Pathology Department, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Zamora
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Óscar S Sorzano
- Biocomputing Unit and Computational Genomics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Jordá
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Codó
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep L Gelpí
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Sisteré-Oró
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Meyerhans
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francisco Martínez-Jiménez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria López-Bigas
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe García
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María J Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Plana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- AIDS Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Elena Gómez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Z, Pan Z, Li Q, Huang Q, Shi L, Liu Y. Rational design of ICD-inducing nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk0716. [PMID: 38324678 PMCID: PMC10849581 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy has shown promising therapeutic potential in clinical settings. However, current research mainly uses nanoparticles as delivery vehicles but overlooks their potential to directly modulate immune responses. Inspired by the endogenous endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by unfolded/misfolded proteins, we present a rationally designed immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducer named NanoICD, which is a nanoparticle engineered for ER targeting and retention. By carefully controlling surface composition and properties, we have obtained NanoICD that can effectively accumulate in the ER, induce ER stress, and activate ICD-associated immune responses. In addition, NanoICD is generally applicable to various proteins and enzymes to further enhance the immunomodulatory capacity, exemplified by encapsulating catalase (CAT) to obtain NanoICD/CAT, effectively alleviated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and induced robust antitumor immune responses in 4T1-bearing mice. This work demonstrates engineered nanostructures' potential to autonomously regulate biological processes and provides insights into the development of advanced nanomedicines for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanzhan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Zheng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Qiushi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Linqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fasquelle F, Scuotto A, Howsam M, Betbeder D. Maltodextrin-Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for Nasal Vaccines: A Review Article. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:247. [PMID: 38399301 PMCID: PMC10892173 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are increasingly being studied as antigen delivery systems for immunization with nasal vaccines. The addition of adjuvants is still generally required in many nanoparticle formulations, which can induce potential side effects owing to mucosal reactogenicity. In contrast, maltodextrin nanoparticles do not require additional immunomodulators, and have been shown to be efficient vaccine delivery systems. In this review, the development of maltodextrin nanoparticles is presented, specifically their physico-chemical properties, their ability to load antigens and deliver them into airway mucosal cells, and the extent to which they trigger protective immune responses against bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. We demonstrate that the addition of lipids to maltodextrin nanoparticles increases their potency as a vaccine delivery system for nasal administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Howsam
- Université de Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee J, Zhang W, Nguyen D, Zhou L, Amengual J, Zhai J, Cote T, Landolina M, Ahmadi E, Sands I, Mishra N, Yu H, Nieh MP, Wang K, Li Y, Chen Y. Computation-aided Design of Rod-Shaped Janus Base Nanopieces for Improved Tissue Penetration and Therapeutics Delivery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.577046. [PMID: 38328235 PMCID: PMC10849704 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite the development of various drug delivery technologies, there remains a significant need for vehicles that can improve targeting and biodistribution in "hard-to-penetrate" tissues. Some solid tumors, for example, are particularly challenging to penetrate due to their dense extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we have formulated a new family of rod-shaped delivery vehicles named Janus base nanopieces (Rod JBNps), which are more slender than conventional spherical nanoparticles, such as lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). These JBNp nanorods are formed by bundles of DNA-inspired Janus base nanotubes (JBNts) with intercalated delivery cargoes. To develop this novel family of delivery vehicles, we employed a computation-aided design (CAD) methodology that includes molecular dynamics and response surface methodology. This approach precisely and efficiently guides experimental designs. Using an ovarian cancer model, we demonstrated that JBNps markedly improve penetration into the dense ECM of solid tumors, leading to better treatment outcomes compared to FDA-approved spherical LNP delivery. This study not only successfully developed a rod-shaped delivery vehicle for improved tissue penetration but also established a CAD methodology to effectively guide material design.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jangra S, Lamoot A, Singh G, Laghlali G, Chen Y, Yz T, García-Sastre A, De Geest BG, Schotsaert M. Lipid nanoparticle composition for adjuvant formulation modulates disease after influenza virus infection in QIV vaccinated mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.14.575599. [PMID: 38293047 PMCID: PMC10827098 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.14.575599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants can enhance vaccine effectiveness of currently licensed influenza vaccines. We tested influenza vaccination in a mouse model with two adjuvants: Sendai virus derived defective interfering (SDI) RNA, a RIG-I agonist, and an amphiphilic imidazoquinoline (IMDQ-PEG-Chol), TLR7/8 adjuvant. The negatively charged SDI RNA was formulated into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) facilitating the direct delivery of a RIG-I agonist to the cytosol. We have previously tested SDI and IMDQ-PEG-Chol as standalone and combination adjuvants for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Here we tested two different ionizable lipids, K-Ac7-Dsa and S-Ac7-Dog, for LNP formulations. The adjuvanticity of IMDQ-PEG-Chol with and without empty or SDI-loaded LNPs was validated in a licensed vaccine setting (quadrivalent influenza vaccine or QIV) against H1N1 influenza virus, showing robust induction of antibody titres and T cell responses. Depending on the adjuvant combination and LNP lipid composition (K-Ac7-Dsa or S-Ac7-Dog lipids), humoral and cellular vaccine responses could be tailored towards type 1 or type 2 host responses with specific cytokine profiles that correlated with protection during viral infection. The extent of protection conferred by different vaccine/LNP/adjuvant combinations was examined against challenge with the vaccine-matching strain of H1N1 influenza A virus. Groups that received either LNP formulated with SDI, IMDQ-PEG-Chol or both showed very low levels of viral replication in their lungs at five days post virus infection. LNP ionizable lipid composition as well as loading (empty versus SDI) also skewed host responses to infection, as reflected in the cytokine and chemokine levels in lungs of vaccinated animals upon infection. These studies show the potential of LNPs as adjuvant delivery vehicles for licensed vaccines and illustrate the importance of LNP composition for subsequent host responses to infection, an important point of consideration for vaccine safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Jangra
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Laghlali
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent Belgium
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent Belgium
| | - Tingting Yz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent Belgium
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lau HC, Passalacqua I, Jung JH, Kwon Y, Zocco D, Park SS, Oh SW. Unraveling the surface marker signature of cell-derived vesicles via proteome analysis and nanoparticle flow cytometry. Sci Rep 2024; 14:121. [PMID: 38167556 PMCID: PMC10762029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell-derived vesicles (CDVs) obtained using a proprietary extrusion process are the foundation of BioDrone platform technology. With superior productivity and versatility, this technology has garnered increasing attention in broad applications, particularly as a drug delivery vehicle. Previously, we showed that CDVs exhibited varying levels of expression for tetraspanin and organelle membrane markers while revealing no discernible differences in physical characteristics compared to naturally produced extracellular vesicles (EVs). To further understand and utilize the therapeutic potentials of CDVs, a more comprehensive study of membrane protein profiles is necessary. In addition, it is crucial to validate that the CDVs produced from extrusion are indeed intact lipid vesicles rather than other impurities. Here, we produced multiple batches of CDVs and EVs from HEK293 cells. CDVs and EVs were subjected to the same purification processes for subsequent proteome and particle analyses. The proteome analyses revealed unique proteome signatures between CDVs, EVs, and parental cells. Extensive proteome analyses identified the nine most prominent membrane markers that are abundant in CDVs compared to cells and EVs. Subsequent western blotting and nanoparticle flow cytometry analyses confirmed that CD63, lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 (LAMP1), and nicastrin (NCSTN) are highly enriched in CDVs, whereas CD81, CD9, and prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN) are more abundant in EVs. This highlights the unique membrane composition and marker signature of CDVs that are distinct from EVs. Lastly, we demonstrated that more than 90% of the CDVs are genuine lipid vesicles by combining two different classes of vesicle labeling dyes and detergents to disrupt lipid membranes. This indicates that our proprietary extrusion technology is highly compatible with other well-characterized EV production methods. The robust CDV markers identified in this study will also facilitate the engineering of CDVs to achieve enhanced therapeutic effects or tissue-selective cargo delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chong Lau
- BioDrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jik-Han Jung
- BioDrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yerim Kwon
- BioDrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sung-Soo Park
- BioDrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Wook Oh
- BioDrone Research Institute, MDimune Inc., Seoul, South Korea.
- BioDrone Therapeutics Inc., Seattle, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mir S, Mir M. The mRNA vaccine, a swift warhead against a moving infectious disease target. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:336-348. [PMID: 38369742 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2320327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid development of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 has revolutionized vaccinology, offering hope for swift responses to emerging infectious diseases. Initially met with skepticism, mRNA vaccines have proven effective and safe, reducing vaccine hesitancy amid the evolving COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that the time required to modify mRNA vaccines to counter new mutant strains is significantly shorter than the time it takes for pathogens to mutate and generate new variants that can thrive in vaccinated populations. This highlights the notion that mRNA vaccine technology appears to be outpacing viruses in the ongoing evolutionary race. AREAS COVERED This review article offers valuable insights into several crucial aspects of mRNA vaccine development and deployment, including the fundamentals of mRNA vaccine design and synthesis, the utilization of delivery systems, considerations regarding vaccine safety, the longevity of the immune response, strategies for modifying the original mRNA vaccine to address emerging mutant strains, as well as addressing vaccine hesitancy and potential approaches to mitigate reluctance. EXPERT OPINION Challenges such as stability, storage, manufacturing complexities, production capacity, allergic reactions, long-term effects, accessibility, and misinformation must be addressed. Despite these hurdles, mRNA vaccine technology holds promise for revolutionizing future vaccination strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Mir
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Mir
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sousa M, Gersão S, Sousa HB. New-Onset Psoriatic Arthritis Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in a Psoriatic Patient Under Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Biologic Treatment: What Now? Cureus 2023; 15:e50723. [PMID: 38234927 PMCID: PMC10793470 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were quickly developed and administered to the population worldwide. As is expected with new vaccine products, adverse reactions following immunization have been reported, namely, the development and/or exacerbation of autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases, including rheumatic diseases. Here, we report a clinical case of a 56-year-old woman with a 44-year history of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis under treatment with an anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha biosimilar (adalimumab) with good control of skin disease and without rheumatic involvement to date who came to us with complaints of migratory polyarthralgia starting one week after receiving the second dose of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. The condition progressed over the following months and a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis was established. Biologic treatment was switched to an anti-interleukin 17A (secukinumab), with a very good clinical cutaneous and articular response, which was sustained up to the present moment. The mechanisms behind the exacerbation or new-onset of autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases after receiving anti-COVID-19 vaccines are not yet fully understood, requiring further investigation. It is also not known whether rheumatic symptoms post-COVID-19 infection will have similar mechanisms to rheumatic symptoms post-anti-COVID-19 vaccination. With the continuing worldwide vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, clinicians need to be prepared to discuss the risks and benefits of vaccination and should be aware that it may cause or exacerbate immune disorders such as psoriatic arthritis, warranting close follow-up in terms of disease progression and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Sousa
- Unidade de Saúde Familiar Samora Correia (Primary Care Unit), Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Estuário do Tejo (Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo) National Health Service, Samora Correia, PRT
| | - Sofia Gersão
- Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados Águeda V (Primary Care Unit), Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Baixo Vouga (Administração Regional de Saúde do Centro) National Health Service, Águeda, PRT
| | - Hugo B Sousa
- Unidade de Saúde Familiar Samora Correia (Primary Care Unit), Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Estuário do Tejo (Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo) National Health Service, Samora Correia, PRT
| |
Collapse
|