1
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Ng A, Lovat F, Shih AJ, Ma Y, Pekarsky Y, DiCaro F, Crichton L, Sharma E, Yan XJ, Sun D, Song T, Zou YR, Will B, Croce CM, Chiorazzi N. Complete miRNA-15/16 loss in mice promotes hematopoietic progenitor expansion and a myeloid-biased hyperproliferative state. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308658120. [PMID: 37844234 PMCID: PMC10614620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308658120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated apoptosis and proliferation are fundamental properties of cancer, and microRNAs (miRNA) are critical regulators of these processes. Loss of miR-15a/16-1 at chromosome 13q14 is the most common genomic aberration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Correspondingly, the deletion of either murine miR-15a/16-1 or miR-15b/16-2 locus in mice is linked to B cell lymphoproliferative malignancies. However, unexpectedly, when both miR-15/16 clusters are eliminated, most double knockout (DKO) mice develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, in patients with CLL, significantly reduced expression of miR-15a, miR-15b, and miR-16 associates with progression of myelodysplastic syndrome to AML, as well as blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia. Thus, the miR-15/16 clusters have a biological relevance for myeloid neoplasms. Here, we demonstrate that the myeloproliferative phenotype in DKO mice correlates with an increase of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) early in life. Using single-cell transcriptomic analyses, we presented the molecular underpinning of increased myeloid output in the HSPC of DKO mice with gene signatures suggestive of dysregulated hematopoiesis, metabolic activities, and cell cycle stages. Functionally, we found that multipotent progenitors (MPP) of DKO mice have increased self-renewing capacities and give rise to significantly more progeny in the granulocytic compartment. Moreover, a unique transcriptomic signature of DKO MPP correlates with poor outcome in patients with AML. Together, these data point to a unique regulatory role for miR-15/16 during the early stages of hematopoiesis and to a potentially useful biomarker for the pathogenesis of myeloid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ng
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Francesca Lovat
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Andrew J. Shih
- Boas Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Yuri Pekarsky
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Frank DiCaro
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Lita Crichton
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Esha Sharma
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Xiao Jie Yan
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Daqian Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Tengfei Song
- The Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Yong-Rui Zou
- The Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
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2
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Sommarin MNE, Olofzon R, Palo S, Dhapola P, Soneji S, Karlsson G, Böiers C. Single-cell multiomics of human fetal hematopoiesis define a developmental-specific population and a fetal signature. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5325-5340. [PMID: 37379274 PMCID: PMC10506049 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023009808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of human fetal blood development and how it differs from adult blood is highly relevant to our understanding of congenital blood and immune disorders and childhood leukemia, of which the latter can originate in utero. Blood formation occurs in waves that overlap in time and space, adding to heterogeneity, which necessitates single-cell approaches. Here, a combined single-cell immunophenotypic and transcriptional map of first trimester primitive blood development is presented. Using CITE-seq (cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing), the molecular profile of established immunophenotype-gated progenitors was analyzed in the fetal liver (FL). Classical markers for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), such as CD90 and CD49F, were largely preserved, whereas CD135 (FLT3) and CD123 (IL3R) had a ubiquitous expression pattern capturing heterogenous populations. Direct molecular comparison with an adult bone marrow data set revealed that the HSC state was less frequent in FL, whereas cells with a lymphomyeloid signature were more abundant. An erythromyeloid-primed multipotent progenitor cluster was identified, potentially representing a transient, fetal-specific population. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes between fetal and adult counterparts were specifically analyzed, and a fetal core signature was identified. The core gene set could separate subgroups of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by age, suggesting that a fetal program may be partially retained in specific subgroups of pediatric leukemia. Our detailed single-cell map presented herein emphasizes molecular and immunophenotypic differences between fetal and adult blood cells, which are of significance for future studies of pediatric leukemia and blood development in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael N. E. Sommarin
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Olofzon
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Palo
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Parashar Dhapola
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shamit Soneji
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Karlsson
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Böiers
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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3
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Paul EN, Carpenter TJ, Fitch S, Sheridan R, Lau KH, Arora R, Teixeira JM. Cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1 is a novel surface marker for human myometrial stem/progenitor cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:686. [PMID: 37400623 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myometrial stem/progenitor cells (MyoSPCs) have been proposed as the cells of origin for uterine fibroids, but the identity of the MyoSPC has not been well established. We previously identified SUSD2 as a possible MyoSPC marker, but the relatively poor enrichment in stem cell characteristics of SUSD2+ over SUSD2- cells compelled us to find better markers. We combined bulk RNA-seq of SUSD2+/- cells with single cell RNA-seq to identify markers for MyoSPCs. We observed seven distinct cell clusters within the myometrium, with the vascular myocyte cluster most highly enriched for MyoSPC characteristics and markers. CRIP1 expression was found highly upregulated by both techniques and was used as a marker to sort CRIP1+/PECAM1- cells that were both enriched for colony forming potential and able to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages, suggesting that CRIP1+/PECAM1- cells could be used to better study the etiology of uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N Paul
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Tyler J Carpenter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Sarah Fitch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Rachael Sheridan
- Flow Cytometry Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Kin H Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Ripla Arora
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jose M Teixeira
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
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4
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Thapa R, Elfassy E, Olender L, Sharabi O, Gazit R. Rapid activation of hematopoietic stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:152. [PMID: 37280691 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03377-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow (BM) are quiescent. Following perturbations, such as blood loss or infection, HSCs may undergo activation. Surprisingly, little is known about the earliest stages of HSCs activation. We utilize surface markers of HSCs activation, CD69 and CD317, revealing a response as early as 2 h after stimulation. The dynamic expression of HSCs activation markers varies between viral-like (poly-Inosinic-poly-Cytidylic) or bacterial-like (Lipopolysaccharide) immune stimuli. We further quantify dose response, revealing a low threshold, and similar sensitivity of HSCs and progenitors in the BM. Finally, we find a positive correlation between the expression of surface activation markers and early exit from quiescence. Our data show that the response of adult stem cells to immune stimulation is rapid and sensitive, rapidly leading HSCs out of quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshina Thapa
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Erez Elfassy
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Leonid Olender
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Omri Sharabi
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Roi Gazit
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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5
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Elfassy E, Gazit R. Fresh blood without stem? Blood 2023; 141:2411-2413. [PMID: 37200059 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023019993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
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6
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Paul EN, Carpenter TJ, Fitch S, Sheridan R, Lau KH, Arora R, Teixeira JM. Cysteine-Rich Intestinal Protein 1 is a Novel Surface Marker for Myometrial Stem/Progenitor Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.20.529273. [PMID: 36993447 PMCID: PMC10054937 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.20.529273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Myometrial stem/progenitor cells (MyoSPCs) have been proposed as the cells of origin for uterine fibroids, which are benign tumors that develop in the myometrium of most reproductive age women, but the identity of the MyoSPC has not been well established. We previously identified SUSD2 as a possible MyoSPC marker, but the relatively poor enrichment in stem cell characteristics of SUSD2+ over SUSD2- cells compelled us to find better discerning markers for more rigorous downstream analyses. We combined bulk RNA-seq of SUSD2+/- cells with single cell RNA-seq to identify markers capable of further enriching for MyoSPCs. We observed seven distinct cell clusters within the myometrium, with the vascular myocyte cluster most highly enriched for MyoSPC characteristics and markers, including SUSD2. CRIP1 expression was found highly upregulated in both techniques and was used as a marker to sort CRIP1+/PECAM1- cells that were both enriched for colony forming potential and able to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages, suggesting that CRIP1+/PECAM1- cells could be used to better study the etiology of uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N. Paul
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tyler J. Carpenter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sarah Fitch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Rachael Sheridan
- Flow Cytometry Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Kin H. Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Ripla Arora
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jose M. Teixeira
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 48824, USA
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7
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Che JLC, Bode D, Kucinski I, Cull AH, Bain F, Becker HJ, Jassinskaja M, Barile M, Boyd G, Belmonte M, Zeng AGX, Igarashi KJ, Rubio‐Lara J, Shepherd MS, Clay A, Dick JE, Wilkinson AC, Nakauchi H, Yamazaki S, Göttgens B, Kent DG. Identification and characterization of in vitro expanded hematopoietic stem cells. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55502. [PMID: 35971894 PMCID: PMC9535767 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) cultured outside the body are the fundamental component of a wide range of cellular and gene therapies. Recent efforts have achieved > 200-fold expansion of functional HSCs, but their molecular characterization has not been possible since the majority of cells are non-HSCs and single cell-initiated cultures have substantial clone-to-clone variability. Using the Fgd5 reporter mouse in combination with the EPCR surface marker, we report exclusive identification of HSCs from non-HSCs in expansion cultures. By directly linking single-clone functional transplantation data with single-clone gene expression profiling, we show that the molecular profile of expanded HSCs is similar to proliferating fetal HSCs and reveals a gene expression signature, including Esam, Prdm16, Fstl1, and Palld, that can identify functional HSCs from multiple cellular states. This "repopulation signature" (RepopSig) also enriches for HSCs in human datasets. Together, these findings demonstrate the power of integrating functional and molecular datasets to better derive meaningful gene signatures and opens the opportunity for a wide range of functional screening and molecular experiments previously not possible due to limited HSC numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L C Che
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Daniel Bode
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Iwo Kucinski
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Alyssa H Cull
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Fiona Bain
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Hans J Becker
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Maria Jassinskaja
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Melania Barile
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Grace Boyd
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Miriam Belmonte
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Andy G X Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Kyomi J Igarashi
- Department of GeneticsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Juan Rubio‐Lara
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Mairi S Shepherd
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Anna Clay
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Adam C Wilkinson
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
- Department of GeneticsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - David G Kent
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
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8
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Méndez-Enríquez E, Salomonsson M, Eriksson J, Janson C, Malinovschi A, Sellin ME, Hallgren J. IgE cross-linking induces activation of human and mouse mast cell progenitors. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 149:1458-1463. [PMID: 34492259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of innate and adaptive effector cells that are repleted by maturing inert progenitor cell populations is changing. Mast cells develop from rare mast cell progenitors populating peripheral tissues at homeostatic conditions, or as a result of induced recruitment during inflammatory conditions. OBJECTIVE Because FcεRI-expressing mast cell progenitors are the dominating mast cell type during acute allergic lung inflammation in vivo, we hypothesized that they are activated by IgE cross-linking. METHODS Mouse peritoneal and human peripheral blood cells were sensitized and stimulated with antigen, or stimulated with anti-IgE, and the mast cell progenitor population analyzed for signs of activation by flow cytometry. Isolated peritoneal mast cell progenitors were studied before and after anti-IgE stimulation at single-cell level by time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. Lung mast cell progenitors were analyzed for their ability to produce IL-13 by intracellular flow cytometry in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation. RESULTS Sensitized mouse peritoneal mast cell progenitors demonstrate increased levels of phosphorylation of tyrosines on intracellular proteins (total tyrosine phosphorylation), and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) phosphorylation after antigen exposure. Anti-IgE induced cell surface-associated lysomal-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) in naive mast cell progenitors, and prompted loss of fluorescence signal and altered morphology of isolated cells loaded with lysotracker. In human mast cell progenitors, anti-IgE increased total tyrosine phosphorylation, cell surface-associated LAMP-1, and CD63. Lung mast cell progenitors from mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation produce IL-13. CONCLUSIONS Mast cell progenitors become activated by IgE cross-linking and may contribute to the pathology associated with acute allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Méndez-Enríquez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maya Salomonsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Eriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael E Sellin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallgren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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9
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Bone marrow remodelling supports hematopoiesis in response to immune thrombocytopenia progression. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4877-4889. [PMID: 34428275 PMCID: PMC9153055 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained ITP activates and increases the number of functional LT-HSCs. The remodeled ITP bone marrow enhances hematopoiesis.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune condition characterized by both reduced platelet production and the destruction of functionally normal platelets by sustained attack from the immune system. However, the effect of prolonged ITP on the more immature hematopoietic progenitors remains an open area of investigation. By using a murine in vivo model of extended ITP, we revealed that ITP progression drives considerable progenitor expansion and bone marrow (BM) remodeling. Single-cell assays using Lin–Sca1+c-Kit+CD48–CD150+ long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) revealed elevated LT-HSC activation and proliferation in vitro. However, the increased activation did not come at the expense of LT-HSC functionality as measured by in vivo serial transplantations. ITP progression was associated with considerable BM vasodilation and angiogenesis, as well as a twofold increase in the local production of CXCL12, a cytokine essential for LT-HSC function and BM homing expressed at high levels by LepR+ BM stromal cells. This was associated with a 1.5-fold increase in LepR+ BM stromal cells and a 5.5-fold improvement in progenitor homing to the BM. The increase in stromal cells was transient and reverted back to baseline after platelet count returned to normal, but the vasculature changes in the BM persisted. Together, our data demonstrate that LT-HSCs expand in response to ITP and that LT-HSC functionality during sustained hematopoietic stress is maintained through an adapting BM microenvironment.
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10
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Bujanover N, Thapa R, Goldstein O, Olender L, Sharabi O, Milsom MD, Gazit R. Hypersensitivity response has negligible impact on Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:1884-1893. [PMID: 34297939 PMCID: PMC8365095 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are generated from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow (BM). Immune stimulation can rapidly activate HSCs out of their quiescent state to accelerate the generation of immune cells. HSCs' activation follows various viral or bacterial stimuli, and we sought to investigate the hypersensitivity immune response. Surprisingly, the Ova-induced hypersensitivity peritonitis model finds no significant changes in BM HSCs. HSC markers cKIT, SCA1, CD48, CD150, and the Fgd5-mCherry reporter showed no significant difference from control. Functionally, hypersensitivity did not alter HSCs' potency, as assayed by transplantation. We further characterized the possible impact of hypersensitivity using RNA-sequencing of HSCs, finding minor changes at the transcriptome level. Moreover, hypersensitivity induced no significant change in the proliferative state of HSCs. Therefore, this study suggests that, in contrast to other immune stimuli, hypersensitivity has no impact on HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Bujanover
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, 84105, Israel
| | - Roshina Thapa
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, 84105, Israel
| | - Oron Goldstein
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, 84105, Israel; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel
| | - Leonid Olender
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, 84105, Israel
| | - Omri Sharabi
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, 84105, Israel
| | - Michael D Milsom
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Division of Experimental Hematology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roi Gazit
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, 84105, Israel; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Israel.
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11
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Caiado F, Pietras EM, Manz MG. Inflammation as a regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function in disease, aging, and clonal selection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212381. [PMID: 34129016 PMCID: PMC8210622 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an evolutionarily selected defense response to infection or tissue damage that involves activation and consumption of immune cells in order to reestablish and maintain organismal integrity. In this process, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are themselves exposed to inflammatory cues and via proliferation and differentiation, replace mature immune cells in a demand-adapted fashion. Here, we review how major sources of systemic inflammation act on and subsequently shape HSC fate and function. We highlight how lifelong inflammatory exposure contributes to HSC inflamm-aging and selection of premalignant HSC clones. Finally, we explore emerging areas of interest and open questions remaining in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Caiado
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Chavez JS, Rabe JL, Loeffler D, Higa KC, Hernandez G, Mills TS, Ahmed N, Gessner RL, Ke Z, Idler BM, Niño KE, Kim H, Myers JR, Stevens BM, Davizon-Castillo P, Jordan CT, Nakajima H, Ashton J, Welner RS, Schroeder T, DeGregori J, Pietras EM. PU.1 enforces quiescence and limits hematopoietic stem cell expansion during inflammatory stress. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211996. [PMID: 33857288 PMCID: PMC8056754 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are capable of entering the cell cycle to replenish the blood system in response to inflammatory cues; however, excessive proliferation in response to chronic inflammation can lead to either HSC attrition or expansion. The mechanism(s) that limit HSC proliferation and expansion triggered by inflammatory signals are poorly defined. Here, we show that long-term HSCs (HSCLT) rapidly repress protein synthesis and cell cycle genes following treatment with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1. This gene program is associated with activation of the transcription factor PU.1 and direct PU.1 binding at repressed target genes. Notably, PU.1 is required to repress cell cycle and protein synthesis genes, and IL-1 exposure triggers aberrant protein synthesis and cell cycle activity in PU.1-deficient HSCs. These features are associated with expansion of phenotypic PU.1-deficient HSCs. Thus, we identify a PU.1-dependent mechanism triggered by innate immune stimulation that limits HSC proliferation and pool size. These findings provide insight into how HSCs maintain homeostasis during inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Chavez
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jennifer L Rabe
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Dirk Loeffler
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kelly C Higa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Giovanny Hernandez
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Taylor S Mills
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Nouraiz Ahmed
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rachel L Gessner
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Zhonghe Ke
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Beau M Idler
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Katia E Niño
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Brett M Stevens
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - John Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Robert S Welner
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Timm Schroeder
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - James DeGregori
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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13
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Chen R, Okeyo-Owuor T, Patel RM, Casey EB, Cluster AS, Yang W, Magee JA. Kmt2c mutations enhance HSC self-renewal capacity and convey a selective advantage after chemotherapy. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108751. [PMID: 33596429 PMCID: PMC7951951 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloid tumor suppressor KMT2C is recurrently deleted in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), particularly therapy-related MDS/AML (t-MDS/t-AML), as part of larger chromosome 7 deletions. Here, we show that KMT2C deletions convey a selective advantage to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) after chemotherapy treatment that may precipitate t-MDS/t-AML. Kmt2c deletions markedly enhance murine HSC self-renewal capacity without altering proliferation rates. Haploid Kmt2c deletions convey a selective advantage only when HSCs are driven into cycle by a strong proliferative stimulus, such as chemotherapy. Cycling Kmt2c-deficient HSCs fail to differentiate appropriately, particularly in response to interleukin-1. Kmt2c deletions mitigate histone methylation/acetylation changes that accrue as HSCs cycle after chemotherapy, and they impair enhancer recruitment during HSC differentiation. These findings help explain why Kmt2c deletions are more common in t-MDS/t-AML than in de novo AML or clonal hematopoiesis: they selectively protect cycling HSCs from differentiation without inducing HSC proliferation themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Theresa Okeyo-Owuor
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Riddhi M Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Emily B Casey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrew S Cluster
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Magee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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14
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Demerdash Y, Kain B, Essers MAG, King KY. Yin and Yang: The dual effects of interferons on hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2021; 96:1-12. [PMID: 33571568 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interferons are an ancient and well-conserved group of inflammatory cytokines most famous for their role in viral immunity. A decade ago, we discovered that interferons also play an important role in the biology of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are responsible for lifelong blood production. Though we have learned a great deal about the role of interferons on HSC quiescence, differentiation, and self-renewal, there remains some controversy regarding how interferons impact these stem cells, with differing conclusions depending on experimental models and clinical context. Here, we review the contradictory roles of Type 1 and 2 interferons in hematopoiesis. Specifically, we highlight the roles of interferons in embryonic and adult hematopoiesis, along with short-term and long-term adaptive and maladaptive responses to inflammation. We discuss experimental challenges in the study of these powerful yet short-lived cytokines and strategies to address those challenges. We further review the contribution by interferons to disease states including bone marrow failure and aplastic anemia as well as their therapeutic use to treat myeloproliferative neoplasms and viral infections, including SARS-CoV2. Understanding the opposing effects of interferons on hematopoiesis will elucidate immune responses and bone marrow failure syndromes, and future therapeutic approaches for patients undergoing HSC transplantation or fighting infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Demerdash
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bailee Kain
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Marieke A G Essers
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany; DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katherine Y King
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases and Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
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15
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Interferon Gamma Mediates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Activation and Niche Relocalization through BST2. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108530. [PMID: 33357430 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During chronic infection, the inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFNγ) damages hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by disrupting quiescence and promoting excessive terminal differentiation. However, the mechanism by which IFNγ hinders HSC quiescence remains undefined. Using intravital 3-dimensional microscopy, we find that IFNγ disrupts the normally close interaction between HSCs and CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells in the HSC niche. IFNγ stimulation increases expression of the cell surface protein BST2, which we find is required for IFNγ-dependent HSC relocalization and activation. IFNγ stimulation of HSCs increases their E-selectin binding by BST2 and homing to the bone marrow, which depends on E-selectin binding. Upon chronic infection, HSCs from mice lacking BST2 are more quiescent and more resistant to depletion than HSCs from wild-type mice. Overall, this study defines a critical mechanism by which IFNγ promotes niche relocalization and activation in response to inflammatory stimulation and identifies BST2 as a key regulator of HSC quiescence. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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16
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Cooperating, congenital neutropenia-associated Csf3r and Runx1 mutations activate pro-inflammatory signaling and inhibit myeloid differentiation of mouse HSPCs. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:2329-2338. [PMID: 32821971 PMCID: PMC7481169 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with the pre-leukemia bone marrow failure syndrome called severe congenital neutropenia (CN) have an approximately 15% risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML; called here CN/AML). Most CN/AML patients co-acquire CSF3R and RUNX1 mutations, which play cooperative roles in the development of AML. To establish an in vitro model of leukemogenesis, we utilized bone marrow lin- cells from transgenic C57BL/6-d715 Csf3r mice expressing a CN patient-mimicking truncated CSF3R mutation. We transduced these cells with vectors encoding RUNX1 wild type (WT) or RUNX1 mutant proteins carrying the R139G or R174L mutations. Cells transduced with these RUNX1 mutants showed diminished in vitro myeloid differentiation and elevated replating capacity, compared with those expressing WT RUNX1. mRNA expression analysis showed that cells transduced with the RUNX1 mutants exhibited hyperactivation of inflammatory signaling and innate immunity pathways, including IL-6, TLR, NF-kappaB, IFN, and TREM1 signaling. These data suggest that the expression of mutated RUNX1 in a CSF3R-mutated background may activate the pro-inflammatory cell state and inhibit myeloid differentiation.
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17
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Zhao M, Tao F, Venkatraman A, Li Z, Smith SE, Unruh J, Chen S, Ward C, Qian P, Perry JM, Marshall H, Wang J, He XC, Li L. N-Cadherin-Expressing Bone and Marrow Stromal Progenitor Cells Maintain Reserve Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 26:652-669.e6. [PMID: 30650358 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by bone marrow (BM) niches has been extensively studied; however, whether and how HSC subpopulations are distinctively regulated by BM niches remain unclear. Here, we functionally distinguished reserve HSCs (rHSCs) from primed HSCs (pHSCs) based on their response to chemotherapy and examined how they are dichotomously regulated by BM niches. Both pHSCs and rHSCs supported long-term hematopoiesis in homeostasis; however, pHSCs were sensitive but rHSCs were resistant to chemotherapy. Surviving rHSCs restored the HSC pool and supported hematopoietic regeneration after chemotherapy. The rHSCs were preferentially maintained in the endosteal region that enriches N-cadherin+ (N-cad+) bone-lining cells in homeostasis and post-chemotherapy. N-cad+ cells were functional bone and marrow stromal progenitor cells (BMSPCs), giving rise to osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo. Finally, ablation of N-cad+ niche cells or deletion of SCF from N-cad+ niche cells impaired rHSC maintenance during homeostasis and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Institute of Hematology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China; Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Fang Tao
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | | | - Zhenrui Li
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Sarah E Smith
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Jay Unruh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Shiyuan Chen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Christina Ward
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA; Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Hematology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China 310058
| | - John M Perry
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA; Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Heather Marshall
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Xi C He
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA
| | - Linheng Li
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 66110, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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18
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Sánchez-Luis E, Joaquín-García A, Campos-Laborie FJ, Sánchez-Guijo F, De las Rivas J. Deciphering Master Gene Regulators and Associated Networks of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E557. [PMID: 32260546 PMCID: PMC7226324 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) are multipotent cells characterized by self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties. To obtain a gene regulatory profile of human MSCs, we generated a compendium of more than two hundred cell samples with genome-wide expression data, including a homogeneous set of 93 samples of five related primary cell types: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), lymphocytes (LYM), fibroblasts (FIB), and osteoblasts (OSTB). All these samples were integrated to generate a regulatory gene network using the algorithm ARACNe (Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Accurate Cellular Networks; based on mutual information), that finds regulons (groups of target genes regulated by transcription factors) and regulators (i.e., transcription factors, TFs). Furtherly, the algorithm VIPER (Algorithm for Virtual Inference of Protein-activity by Enriched Regulon analysis) was used to inference protein activity and to identify the most significant TF regulators, which control the expression profile of the studied cells. Applying these algorithms, a footprint of candidate master regulators of BM-MSCs was defined, including the genes EPAS1, NFE2L1, SNAI2, STAB2, TEAD1, and TULP3, that presented consistent upregulation and hypomethylation in BM-MSCs. These TFs regulate the activation of the genes in the bone marrow MSC lineage and are involved in development, morphogenesis, cell differentiation, regulation of cell adhesion, and cell structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sánchez-Luis
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IMBCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.S.-L.); (A.J.-G.); (F.J.C.-L.)
| | - Andrea Joaquín-García
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IMBCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.S.-L.); (A.J.-G.); (F.J.C.-L.)
| | - Francisco J. Campos-Laborie
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IMBCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.S.-L.); (A.J.-G.); (F.J.C.-L.)
- Bioinformatics and Cancer genomics, Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QN Cambridge, UK
| | - Fermín Sánchez-Guijo
- Cell Therapy Area and Department of Hematology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca -Hospital Universitario de Salamanca (IBSAL-HUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Javier De las Rivas
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IMBCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.S.-L.); (A.J.-G.); (F.J.C.-L.)
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19
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Cyclosporine H Improves the Multi-Vector Lentiviral Transduction of Murine Haematopoietic Progenitors and Stem Cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1812. [PMID: 32020016 PMCID: PMC7000727 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58724-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the potential for lifetime production of blood and immune cells. The introduction of transgenes into HSCs is important for basic research, as well as for multiple clinical applications, because HSC transplantation is an already established procedure. Recently, a major advancement has been reported in the use of cyclosporine H (CsH), which can significantly enhance the lentivirus (LV) transduction of human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). In this study, we employed CsH for LV transduction of murine HSCs and defined haematopoietic progenitors, confirming previous findings in more specific subsets of primitive haematopoietic cells. Our data confirm increased efficiencies, in agreement with the published data. We further experimented with the transduction with the simultaneous use of several vectors. The use of CsH yielded an even more robust increase in rates of multi-vector infection than the increase for a single-vector. CsH was reported to reduce the innate resistance mechanism against LV infection. We indeed found that additional pretreatment could increase the efficiency of transduction, in agreement with the originally reported results. Our data also suggest that CsH does not reduce the efficiency of transplantation into immune-competent hosts or the differentiation of HSCs while enhancing stable long-term expression in vivo. This new additive will surely help many studies in animal models and might be very useful for the development of novel HSC gene therapy approaches.
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20
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Rabe JL, Hernandez G, Chavez JS, Mills TS, Nerlov C, Pietras EM. CD34 and EPCR coordinately enrich functional murine hematopoietic stem cells under normal and inflammatory conditions. Exp Hematol 2019; 81:1-15.e6. [PMID: 31863798 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is dynamically regulated to maintain blood system function under nonhomeostatic conditions such as inflammation and injury. However, common surface marker and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) reporter systems used for prospective enrichment of HSCs have been less rigorously tested in these contexts. Here, we use two surface markers, EPCR/CD201 and CD34, to re-analyze dynamic changes in the HSC-enriched phenotypic SLAM compartment in a mouse model of chronic interleukin (IL)-1 exposure. EPCR and CD34 coordinately identify four functionally and molecularly distinct compartments within the SLAM fraction, including an EPCR+/CD34- fraction whose long-term serial repopulating activity is only modestly impacted by chronic IL-1 exposure, relative to unfractionated SLAM cells. Notably, the other three fractions expand in frequency following IL-1 treatment and represent actively proliferating, lineage-primed cell states with limited long-term repopulating potential. Importantly, we find that the Fgd5-ZSGreen HSC reporter mouse enriches for molecularly and functionally intact HSCs regardless of IL-1 exposure. Together, our findings provide further evidence of dynamic heterogeneity within a commonly used HSC-enriched phenotypic compartment under stress conditions. Importantly, they also indicate that stringency of prospective isolation approaches can enhance interpretation of findings related to HSC function when studying models of hematopoietic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Rabe
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Giovanny Hernandez
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - James S Chavez
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Taylor S Mills
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Claus Nerlov
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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