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Pan Y, Li Y, Fan H, Cui H, Chen Z, Wang Y, Jiang M, Wang G. Roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117089. [PMID: 38972148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) holds a prominent position among global cancer types. Classically, HCC manifests in individuals with a genetic predisposition when they encounter risk elements, particularly in the context of liver cirrhosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are transcription factors activated by fatty acids, belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and play a pivotal role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. At present, three distinct subtypes of PPARs have been recognized: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. They regulate the transcription of genes responsible for cellular development, energy metabolism, inflammation, and differentiation. In recent years, with the rising incidence of HCC, there has been an increasing focus on the mechanisms and roles of PPARs in HCC. PPARα primarily mediates the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. PPARβ/δ is closely related to the self-renewal ability of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and the formation of the tumor microenvironment. PPARγ not only influences tumor growth by regulating the glucose and lipid metabolism of HCC, but its agonists also have significant clinical significance for the treatment of HCC. Therefore, this review offers an exhaustive examination of the role of the three PPAR subtypes in HCC progression, focusing on their mediation of critical cellular processes such as glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and other pivotal signaling pathways. At the end of the review, we discuss the merits and drawbacks of existing PPAR-targeted therapeutic strategies and suggest a few alternative combinatorial therapeutic approaches that diverge from conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yunkuo Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Hongyu Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Huijuan Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Zhiyue Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yunzhu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Mengyu Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Qin H, Peng M, Cheng J, Wang Z, Cui Y, Huang Y, Gui Y, Sun Y, Xiang W, Huang X, Huang T, Wang L, Chen J, Hou Y. A novel LGALS1-depended and immune-associated fatty acid metabolism risk model in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:482. [PMID: 38965225 PMCID: PMC11224233 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are recognized as the root cause of leukemia initiation, relapse, and drug resistance. Lipid species are highly abundant and essential component of human cells, which often changed in tumor microenvironment. LSCs remodel lipid metabolism to sustain the stemness. However, there is no useful lipid related biomarker has been approved for clinical practice in AML prediction and treatment. Here, we constructed and verified fatty acid metabolism-related risk score (LFMRS) model based on TCGA database via a series of bioinformatics analysis, univariate COX regression analysis, and multivariate COX regression analysis, and found that the LFMRS model could be an independent risk factor and predict the survival time of AML patients combined with age. Moreover, we revealed that Galectin-1 (LGALS1, the key gene of LFMRS) was highly expressed in LSCs and associated with poor prognosis of AML patients, and LGALS1 repression inhibited AML cell and LSC proliferation, enhanced cell apoptosis, and decreased lipid accumulation in vitro. LGALS1 repression curbed AML progression, lipid accumulation, and CD8+ T and NK cell counts in vivo. Our study sheds light on the roles of LFMRS (especially LGALS1) model in AML, and provides information that may help clinicians improve patient prognosis and develop personalized treatment regimens for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Qin
- The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Meixi Peng
- Department of Radiological Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jingsong Cheng
- The Second Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Yinghui Cui
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yongxiu Huang
- Department of Radiological Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yaoqi Gui
- Department of Radiological Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Medical School of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wenqiong Xiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Jieping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Radiological Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hematology and Microenvironment, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Li D, Lin L, Xu F, Feng T, Tao Y, Miao H, Yang F. Protein crotonylation: Basic research and clinical diseases. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101694. [PMID: 38586826 PMCID: PMC10997999 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Crotonylation is an importantly conserved post-translational modification, which is completely different from acetylation. In recent years, it has been confirmed that crotonylation occurs on histone and non-histone. Crotonylated Histone primarily affects gene expression through transcriptional regulation, while non-histone Crotonylation mainly regulates protein functions including protein activity, localization, and stability, as well as protein-protein interactions. The change in protein expression and function will affect the physiological process of cells and even cause disease. Reviewing previous studies, this article summarizes the mechanisms of histone and non-histone crotonylation in regulating diseases and cellular physiological processes to explore the possibility of precise regulation of crotonylation sites as potential targets for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Li
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Central Laboratory of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Central Laboratory of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Fan Xu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Central Laboratory of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Tianlin Feng
- Central Laboratory of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400014, China
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Central Laboratory of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Hongming Miao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Central Laboratory of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Xia L. The switch triggering the invasion process: Lipid metabolism in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1271-1284. [PMID: 38738689 PMCID: PMC11191009 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT In humans, the liver is a central metabolic organ with a complex and unique histological microenvironment. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is a highly aggressive disease with a poor prognosis, accounts for most cases of primary liver cancer. As an emerging hallmark of cancers, metabolic reprogramming acts as a runaway mechanism that disrupts homeostasis of the affected organs, including the liver. Specifically, rewiring of the liver metabolic microenvironment, including lipid metabolism, is driven by HCC cells, propelling the phenotypes of HCC cells, including dissemination, invasion, and even metastasis in return. The resulting formation of this vicious loop facilitates various malignant behaviors of HCC further. However, few articles have comprehensively summarized lipid reprogramming in HCC metastasis. Here, we have reviewed the general situation of the liver microenvironment and the physiological lipid metabolism in the liver, and highlighted the effects of different aspects of lipid metabolism on HCC metastasis to explore the underlying mechanisms. In addition, we have recapitulated promising therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism and the effects of lipid metabolic reprogramming on the efficacy of HCC systematical therapy, aiming to offer new perspectives for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhangfan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Wang Y, Li S, Liu Z, Li X, Yu Y, Liu H. Identification of PPAR-related differentially expressed genes liver hepatocellular carcinoma and construction of a prognostic model based on data analysis and molecular docking. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18304. [PMID: 38652093 PMCID: PMC11037413 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a significant global health issue with limited treatment options. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were used to explore the molecular mechanisms of LIHC development and identify potential targets for therapy. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)-related genes was analysed in LIHC samples, and primary cell populations, including natural killer cells, T cells, B cells, myeloid cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and hepatocytes, were identified. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and tumour tissues revealed significant changes in gene expression in various cell populations. PPAR activity was evaluated using the 'AUCell' R software, which indicated higher scores in the normal versus the malignant hepatocytes. Furthermore, the DEGs showed significant enrichment of pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism, cell development, differentiation and inflammation. A prognostic model was then constructed using 8 PPARs-related genes, including FABP5, LPL, ACAA1, PPARD, FABP4, PLIN1, HMGCS2 and CYP7A1, identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox regression analysis, and validated in the TCGA-LIHC, ICGI-LIRI and GSE14520 datasets. Patients with low-risk scores had better prognosis in all cohorts. Based on the expression of the eight model genes, two clusters of patients were identified by ConsensusCluster analysis. We also predicted small-molecule drugs targeting the model genes, and identified perfluorohexanesulfonic acid, triflumizole and perfluorononanoic acid as potential candidates. Finally, wound healing assay confirmed that PPARD can promote the migration of liver cancer cells. Overall, our study offers novel perspectives on the molecular mechanisms of LIHC and potential areas for therapeutic intervention, which may facilitate the development of more effective treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation and HepatobiliaryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shuqiang Li
- Department of General SurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Zihang Liu
- Department of General SurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xuanzheng Li
- Department of General SurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yifan Yu
- Department of General SurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General SurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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Tan Z, Deng Y, Cai Z, He H, Tang Z, Feng Y, Ye J, Liu R, Cai S, Huang H, Han Z, Zhong W, Guo K. ACOX2 Serves as a Favorable Indicator Related to Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress for Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:3010-3023. [PMID: 38706909 PMCID: PMC11064250 DOI: 10.7150/jca.93832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the heterogeneity of tumors, there is an urgent need for accurate prognostic parameters in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Lipid metabolism (LM) reprogramming and oxidative stress (OS) play a vital role in the progression of PCa. In this work, we identified five LM-OS-related genes (including ACOX2, PPRAGC1A, PTGS1, PTGS2, and HAO1) associated with the biochemical recurrence (BCR) of PCa. Subsequently, a prognostic signature was established based on these five genes. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates, receiver operating characteristic curves, and relationship analysis between risk score and clinical characters were applied to measure the robustness of the signature in an external cohort. A nomogram of risk score combined with clinical characteristics was constructed for clinical application. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the underlying mechanism related to the signature included the calcium signaling, lipid transport, and cell cycle signaling pathways. Furthermore, WEE1 inhibitor was identified as a potential agent related to the cell cycle for high-risk patients. The mRNA expression and the prognostic value of the five genes were determined, and ACOX2 was identified as the key gene related to the prognostic signature. The protein expression of ACOX2 was measured in a prostate tissue microarray through an immunohistochemistry assay, confirming the bioinformatics results. By constructing the ACOX2-overexpressing PCa cell lines PC-3 and 22Rv1, the biological function of PCa cells was investigated. The cell viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion ability of PCa cell lines overexpressing ACOX2 were hindered. Decreased cellular lipid content and elevated cellular ROS content were observed in ACOX2-overexpressing PCa cell lines with reduced G2/M phases. In conclusion, this work presents the first prognostic signature specifically focused on LM-OS for PCa. ACOX2 could serve as a favorable indicator for the BCR in PCa. Further experiments are required to identify the potential underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeheng Tan
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhiduan Cai
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Huichan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhenfeng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianheng Ye
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510062, China
| | - Shanghua Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, China
| | - Huiting Huang
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Zhaodong Han
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
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Zhao Y, Tan H, Zhang X, Zhu J. Roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18042. [PMID: 37987033 PMCID: PMC10902579 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the main pathological type of liver cancer, is linked to risk factors such as viral hepatitis, alcohol intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding that NAFLD is playing a major risk factor for HCC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a class of transcription factors divided into three subtypes: PPARα (PPARA), PPARδ/β (PPARD) and PPARγ (PPARG). As important nuclear receptors, PPARs are involved in many physiological processes, and PPARs can improve NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism, accelerating fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting inflammation. In recent years, some studies have shown that PPARs can participate in the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating metabolic pathways. In addition, PPAR modulators have been reported to inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells and can enhance the curative effect of conventional treatments. This article reviews the role of PPARs in the occurrence and development of HCC, as well as its value in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of HCC, in order to provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhao
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huabing Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Disease Laboratory, Renmin HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanHubeiChina
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General SurgeryThe Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityHuai'anChina
| | - Jing Zhu
- Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjingChina
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Shi Q, Zeng Y, Xue C, Chu Q, Yuan X, Li L. Development of a promising PPAR signaling pathway-related prognostic prediction model for hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4926. [PMID: 38418897 PMCID: PMC10902383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in systemic cell metabolism, energy homeostasis and immune response inhibition. However, its significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been well documented. In our study, based on the RNA sequencing data of HCC, consensus clustering analyses were performed to identify PPAR signaling pathway-related molecular subtypes, each of which displaying varying survival probabilities and immune infiltration status. Following, a prognostic prediction model of HCC was developed by using the random survival forest method and Cox regression analysis. Significant difference in survival outcome, immune landscape, drug sensitivity and pathological features were observed between patients with different prognosis. Additionally, decision tree and nomogram models were adopted to optimize the prognostic prediction model. Furthermore, the robustness of the model was verified through single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Collectively, this study systematically elucidated that the PPAR signaling pathway-related prognostic model has good predictive efficacy for patients with HCC. These findings provide valuable insights for further research on personalized treatment approaches for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Yifan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.
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Hua S, Wang W, Yao Z, Gu J, Zhang H, Zhu J, Xie Z, Jiang H. The fatty acid-related gene signature stratifies poor prognosis patients and characterizes TIME in cutaneous melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:40. [PMID: 38279987 PMCID: PMC10822006 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to build a prognostic model for cutaneous melanoma (CM) using fatty acid-related genes and evaluate its capacity for predicting prognosis, identifying the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) composition, and assessing drug sensitivity. METHODS Through the analysis of transcriptional data from TCGA-SKCM and GTEx datasets, we screened for differentially expressed fatty acids-related genes (DEFAGs). Additionally, we employed clinical data from TCGA-SKCM and GSE65904 to identify genes associated with prognosis. Subsequently, utilizing all the identified prognosis-related fatty acid genes, we performed unsupervised clustering analysis using the ConsensusClusterPlus R package. We further validated the significant differences between subtypes through survival analysis and pathway analysis. To predict prognosis, we developed a LASSO-Cox prognostic signature. This signature's predictive ability was rigorously examined through multivariant Cox regression, survival analysis, and ROC curve analysis. Following this, we constructed a nomogram based on the aforementioned signature and evaluated its accuracy and clinical utility using calibration curves, cumulative hazard rates, and decision curve analysis. Using this signature, we stratified all cases into high- and low-risk groups and compared the differences in immune characteristics and drug treatment responsiveness between these two subgroups. Additionally, in this study, we provided preliminary confirmation of the pivotal role of CD1D in the TIME of CM. We analyzed its expression across various immune cell types and its correlation with intercellular communication using single-cell data from the GSE139249 dataset. RESULTS In this study, a total of 84 DEFAGs were identified, among which 18 were associated with prognosis. Utilizing these 18 prognosis-related genes, all cases were categorized into three subtypes. Significant differences were observed between subtypes in terms of survival outcomes, the expression of the 18 DEFAGs, immune cell proportions, and enriched pathways. A LASSO-Cox regression analysis was performed on these 18 genes, leading to the development of a signature comprising 6 DEFAGs. Risk scores were calculated for all cases, dividing them into high-risk and low-risk groups. High-risk patients exhibited significantly poorer prognosis than low-risk patients, both in the training group (p < 0.001) and the test group (p = 0.002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that this signature could independently predict outcomes [HR = 2.03 (1.69-2.45), p < 0.001]. The area under the ROC curve for the training and test groups was 0.715 and 0.661, respectively. Combining risk scores with clinical factors including metastatic status and patient age, a nomogram was constructed, which demonstrated significant predictive power for 3 and 5 years patient outcomes. Furthermore, the high and low-risk subgroups displayed differences in the composition of various immune cells, including M1 macrophages, M0 macrophages, and CD8+ T cells. The low-risk subgroup exhibited higher StromalScore, ImmuneScore, and ESTIMATEScore (p < 0.001) and demonstrated better responsiveness to immune therapy for patients with PD1-positive and CTLA4-negative or positive expressions (p < 0.001). The signature gene CD1D was found to be mainly expressed in monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells within the TIME. Through intercellular communication analysis, it was observed that cases with high CD1D expression exhibited significantly enhanced signal transductions from other immune cells to monocytes/macrophages, particularly the (HLA-A/B/C/E/F)-CD8A signaling from natural killer (NK) cells to monocytes/macrophages (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The prognostic signature constructed in this study, based on six fatty acid-related genes, exhibits strong capabilities in predicting patient outcomes, identifying the TIME, and assessing drug sensitivity. This signature can aid in patient risk stratification and provide guidance for clinical treatment strategies. Additionally, our research highlights the crucial role of CD1D in the CM's TIME, laying a theoretical foundation for future related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Hua
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuochao Yao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jiawei Gu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhiwen Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Chu H, Zhang W, Tan Y, Diao Z, Li P, Wu Y, Xie L, Sun J, Yang K, Li P, Xie C, Li P, Hua Q, Xu X. Qing-Zhi-Tiao-Gan-Tang (QZTGT) prevents nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by expression pattern correction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116665. [PMID: 37279813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qing-Zhi-Tiao-Gan-Tang or Qing-Zhi-Tiao-Gan Decoction (QZTGT) is based on the compatibility theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), that is a combination of three classical formulae for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Its pharmacodynamic material basis is made up of quinones, flavanones, and terpenoids. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to look for a promising recipe for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a more advanced form of NAFLD, and to use a transcriptome-based multi-scale network pharmacological platform (TMNP) to find its therapy targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS A classical dietary model of NASH was established using MCD (Methionine- and choline-deficient) diet-fed mice. Liver coefficients like ALT, AST, serum TC, and TG levels were tested following QZTGT administration. A transcriptome-based multi-scale network pharmacological platform (TMNP) was used to further analyze the liver gene expression profile. RESULTS The composition of QZTGT was analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS, a total of 89 compounds were separated and detected and 31 of them were found in rat plasma. QZTGT improved liver morphology, inflammation and fibrosis in a classical NASH model. Transcriptomic analysis of liver samples from NASH animal model revealed that QZTGT was able to correct gene expression. We used transcriptome-based multi-scale network pharmacological platform (TMNP) to predicted molecular pathways regulated by QZTGT to improve NASH. Further validation indicated that "fatty acid degradation", "bile secretion" and "steroid biosynthesis" pathways were involved in the improvement of NASH phenotype by QZTGT. CONCLUSIONS Using HPLC-Q-TOF/MS, the compound composition of QZTGT, a Traditional Chinese prescription, was separated, analyzed and identified systematically. QZTGT mitigated NASH symptoms in a classical dietary model of NASH. Transcriptomic and network pharmacology analysis predicted the potential QZTGT regulated pathways. These pathways could be used as therapeutic targets for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhipeng Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yapeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Like Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianguo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Hua
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Gencel-Augusto J, Su X, Qi Y, Whitley EM, Pant V, Xiong S, Shah V, Lin J, Perez E, Fiorotto ML, Mahmud I, Jain AK, Lorenzi PL, Navin NE, Richie ER, Lozano G. Dimeric p53 Mutant Elicits Unique Tumor-Suppressive Activities through an Altered Metabolic Program. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1230-1249. [PMID: 37067911 PMCID: PMC10164062 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related alterations of the p53 tetramerization domain (TD) abrogate wild-type (WT) p53 function. They result in a protein that preferentially forms monomers or dimers, which are also normal p53 states under basal cellular conditions. However, their physiologic relevance is not well understood. We have established in vivo models for monomeric and dimeric p53, which model Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients with germline p53 TD alterations. p53 monomers are inactive forms of the protein. Unexpectedly, p53 dimers conferred some tumor suppression that is not mediated by canonical WT p53 activities. p53 dimers upregulate the PPAR pathway. These activities are associated with lower prevalence of thymic lymphomas and increased CD8+ T-cell differentiation. Lymphomas derived from dimeric p53 mice show cooperating alterations in the PPAR pathway, further implicating a role for these activities in tumor suppression. Our data reveal novel functions for p53 dimers and support the exploration of PPAR agonists as therapies. SIGNIFICANCE New mouse models with TP53R342P (monomer) or TP53A347D (dimer) mutations mimic Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Although p53 monomers lack function, p53 dimers conferred noncanonical tumor-suppressive activities. We describe novel activities for p53 dimers facilitated by PPARs and propose these are "basal" p53 activities. See related commentary by Stieg et al., p. 1046. See related article by Choe et al., p. 1250. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1027.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovanka Gencel-Augusto
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
| | | | - Vinod Pant
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Shunbin Xiong
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Vrutant Shah
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Jerome Lin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | | | - Marta L. Fiorotto
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
- Metabolomics Core Facility, MDACC
| | - Abhinav K. Jain
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, MDACC
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
- Metabolomics Core Facility, MDACC
| | - Nicholas E. Navin
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Ellen R. Richie
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, MDACC
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
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O’Sullivan É, Keogh A, Henderson B, Finn SP, Gray SG, Gately K. Treatment Strategies for KRAS-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1635. [PMID: 36980522 PMCID: PMC10046549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in KRAS are highly prevalent in solid tumours and are frequently found in 35% of lung, 45% of colorectal, and up to 90% of pancreatic cancers. Mutated KRAS is a prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in NSCLC and is associated with a more aggressive clinical phenotype, highlighting the need for KRAS-targeted therapy. Once considered undruggable due to its smooth shallow surface, a breakthrough showed that the activated G12C-mutated KRAS isozyme can be directly inhibited via a newly identified switch II pocket. This discovery led to the development of a new class of selective small-molecule inhibitors against the KRAS G12C isoform. Sotorasib and adagrasib are approved in locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. Currently, there are at least twelve KRAS G12C inhibitors being tested in clinical trials, either as a single agent or in combination. In this study, KRAS mutation prevalence, subtypes, rates of occurrence in treatment-resistant invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMAs), and novel drug delivery options are reviewed. Additionally, the current status of KRAS inhibitors, multiple resistance mechanisms that limit efficacy, and their use in combination treatment strategies and novel multitargeted approaches in NSCLC are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éabha O’Sullivan
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Keogh
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Henderson
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen P. Finn
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven G. Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathy Gately
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
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Li X, Lin Z, Yu Q, Qiu C, Lai C, Huang H, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhu J, Huang X, Li W. Development and validation of a prognostic model for HER2-low breast cancer to evaluate neoadjuvant therapy. Gland Surg 2023; 12:183-196. [PMID: 36915818 PMCID: PMC10005989 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low breast cancer (BC) accounts for 30-51% of all BCs. How to precisely assess the response to neoadjuvant therapy in this heterogenous tumor is currently unanswered. With the advance in multi-omics, refining the molecular subtyping other than the current hormone receptor (HR)-based subtyping to guide the neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-low BC is potentially feasible. Methods The messenger RNA (mRNA), clinical, and pathological data of all HER2-low BC patients (n=368) from the Neoadjuvant I-SPY2 Trial, were retrieved. Ninety-eight patients achieved pathological complete response (pCR) were randomly divided into the training and validation sets with 8:2 ratio. The non-pCR cases were corporated into the above datasets with 1:1 ratio. The rest non-pCR cases were served as the test set. Random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and fully connected neural network (FCNN) were applied to establish a 1-dimensional (1D) model based on mRNA data. The method with best prediction value among the 3 models was selected for further modeling when combining pathological features. A new classification of deep learning (CDn) was proposed based on a multi-omics model. After identifying pCR-related features by the integral gradient and unsupervised hierarchical clustering method, the responses to neoadjuvant therapy associated with these features across different subgroups were analyzed. Results Compared with the RF and SVM models, the FCNN model achieved the best performance [area under the curve (AUC): 0.89] based on the mRNA feature. By combining mRNA and pathological features, the FCNN model proposed 2 new subtypes including CD1 and CD0 for HER2-low BC. CD1 increased the sensitivity to predict pCR by 23.5% [to 87.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 78% to 94%] and improved the specificity to pCR by 12.2% (to 77.4%; 95% CI: 69% to 87%) when comparing with the current HR classification for HER2-low BC. Conclusions The new typing method (CD1 and CD0) proposed in this study achieved excellent performance for predicting the pCR to neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-low BC. The patients who were not sensitive to neoadjuvant therapy according to multi-omics models might receive surgical treatment directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhiquan Lin
- Wuyi University, Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Jiangmen, China
| | - Qihe Yu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chaoran Qiu
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chan Lai
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jiangmen Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwen Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
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Fanalli SL, da Silva BPM, Gomes JD, Durval MC, de Almeida VV, Moreira GCM, Silva-Vignato B, Afonso J, Freitas FAO, Reecy JM, Koltes JE, Koltes D, Garrick D, Correia de Almeida Regitano L, Balieiro JCDC, Mourão GB, Coutinho LL, Fukumasu H, de Alencar SM, Luchiari Filho A, Cesar ASM. RNA-seq transcriptome profiling of pigs' liver in response to diet with different sources of fatty acids. Front Genet 2023; 14:1053021. [PMID: 36816031 PMCID: PMC9936315 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1053021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigs (Sus scrofa) are an animal model for metabolic diseases in humans. Pork is an important source of fatty acids (FAs) in the human diet, as it is one of the most consumed meats worldwide. The effects of dietary inclusion of oils such as canola, fish, and soybean oils on pig gene expression are mostly unknown. Our objective was to evaluate FA composition, identify changes in gene expression in the liver of male pigs fed diets enriched with different FA profiles, and identify impacted metabolic pathways and gene networks to enlighten the biological mechanisms' variation. Large White male pigs were randomly allocated to one of three diets with 18 pigs in each; all diets comprised a base of corn and soybean meal to which either 3% of soybean oil (SOY), 3% canola oil (CO), or 3% fish oil (FO) was added for a 98-day trial during the growing and finishing phases. RNA sequencing was performed on the liver samples of each animal by Illumina technology for differential gene expression analyses, using the R package DESeq2. The diets modified the FA profile, mainly in relation to polyunsaturated and saturated FAs. Comparing SOY vs. FO, 143 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified as being associated with metabolism, metabolic and neurodegenerative disease pathways, inflammatory processes, and immune response networks. Comparing CO vs. SOY, 148 DEGs were identified, with pathways related to FA oxidation, regulation of lipid metabolism, and metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Our results help explain the behavior of genes with differential expression in metabolic pathways resulting from feeding different types of oils in pig diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simara Larissa Fanalli
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, (FZEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Dezen Gomes
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Mariah Castro Durval
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, (FZEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bárbara Silva-Vignato
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe André Oliveira Freitas
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - James Mark Reecy
- Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Dawn Koltes
- Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Dorian Garrick
- AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, Massey University, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Gerson Barreto Mourão
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, (FZEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Albino Luchiari Filho
- Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Mello Cesar
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, (FZEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,Animal Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil,*Correspondence: Aline Silva Mello Cesar,
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15
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Zhou F, Yang L, Sun W, Wang X, Guo N, Ma H, Yang L. The PPARα/CYP4A14 bile acid pathway is associated with lipid metabolism disorders caused by low birth weight with high-fat diet. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:8994. [PMID: 36794015 PMCID: PMC9899044 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.8994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate possible mechanisms underlying the greater susceptibility of lipid metabolism disorders in low birth weight (LBW) mice fed with high-fat diets (HFDs). Methods LBW mice model was established by using the pregnancy malnutrition method. Male pups were selected from LBW and normal-birth weight (NBW) offspring at random. After 3 weeks of weaning, all offspring mice were fed with HFD. Serum triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), total bile acid (TAB), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and mice fecal bile acid profiles were measured. Lipid deposition in liver sections was visualized by Oil Red O staining. The weight ratio of liver, muscle, and adiposity was calculated. Tandem mass tag (TMT) combined with LC-MS/MS was used to determine the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of liver tissue in two groups. Bioinformatics was used for further analysis of DEPs to screen key target proteins, and then Western Blot (WB) and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to validate the expressions of DEPs. Results LBW mice fed with HFD showed more severe lipid metabolism disorders in the childhood. In contrast to the NBW group, the serum bile acids and fecal ω-muricholic acid (ω-MCA) levels in the LBW group were significantly lower. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that downregulated proteins were associated with lipid metabolism, and further analysis found that these proteins are mainly concentrated in peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR) and primary bile acid synthesis signaling pathways and are involved in cellular processes and metabolic processes through binding and catalytic functions. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the level of Cytochrome P450 Family 46 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP46A1), PPARα, key factors of cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis, as well as downstream molecules Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Subfamily A Member 14 (CYP4A14), and Acyl-Coenzyme A Oxidase 2 (ACOX2) are markedly different in the liver of LBW individuals fed with HFD, and confirmed by WB and RT-qPCR. Conclusion LBW mice are more prone to dyslipidemia probably due to downregulated bile acid metabolism-related PPARα/CYP4A14 pathway, resulting in insufficient metabolism of cholesterol to bile acids, which, in turn, leads to elevated blood cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Linquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenwen Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Na Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China,Huijuan Ma Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Linlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China,Linlin Yang Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Zhang Z, Wu W, Jiao H, Chen Y, Ji X, Cao J, Yin F, Yin W. Squalene epoxidase promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development by activating STRAP transcription and TGF-β/SMAD signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 180:1562-1581. [PMID: 36581319 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) is a key enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, but growing evidence also reveals that SQLE is abnormally expressed in some types of malignant tumours, even though the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Bioinformatics analysis and RNA sequencing were applied to detect differentially expressed genes in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MTT, colony formation, AnnexinV-FITC/PI, EdU, wound healing, transwell, western blot, qRT-PCR, IHC, F-actin, RNA-sequencing, dual-luciferase reporters, and H&E staining were used to investigate the pharmacological effects and possible mechanisms of SQLE. KEY RESULTS SQLE expression was specifically elevated in HCC, correlating with poor clinical outcomes. SQLE significantly promoted HCC growth, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing and functional experiments revealed that the protumourigenic effect of SQLE on HCC was closely related to the activation of TGF-β/SMAD signalling, but the stimulatory effect of SQLE on TGF-β/SMAD signalling and HCC development is critically dependent on STRAP. SQLE expression is well correlated with STRAP in HCC, and further, to amplify TGF-β/SMAD signalling, SQLE even transcriptionally increased STRAP gene expression mediated by AP-2α. Finally, as a chemical inhibitor of SQLE, NB-598 markedly inhibited HCC cell growth and tumour development. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Taken together, SQLE serves as a novel oncogene in HCC development by activating TGF-β/SMAD signalling. Targeting SQLE could be useful in drug development and therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Organ Transplantation Center, Southern District, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, China
| | - Hao Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, China
| | - Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- Department of Innovation, Nanjing Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wu Yin
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Wagner N, Wagner KD. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152432. [PMID: 35954274 PMCID: PMC9368267 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) function as nuclear transcription factors upon the binding of physiological or pharmacological ligands and heterodimerization with retinoic X receptors. Physiological ligands include fatty acids and fatty-acid-derived compounds with low specificity for the different PPAR subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma). For each of the PPAR subtypes, specific pharmacological agonists and antagonists, as well as pan-agonists, are available. In agreement with their natural ligands, PPARs are mainly focused on as targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and its associated complications. Nevertheless, many publications are available that implicate PPARs in malignancies. In several instances, they are controversial for very similar models. Thus, to better predict the potential use of PPAR modulators for personalized medicine in therapies against malignancies, it seems necessary and timely to review the three PPARs in relation to the didactic concept of cancer hallmark capabilities. We previously described the functions of PPAR beta/delta with respect to the cancer hallmarks and reviewed the implications of all PPARs in angiogenesis. Thus, the current review updates our knowledge on PPAR beta and the hallmarks of cancer and extends the concept to PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Wagner
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (K.-D.W.); Tel.: +33-489-153-713 (K.-D.W.)
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18
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Xu C, Shen Y, Shi Y, Zhang M, Zhou L. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B promotes head and neck cancer via CEBPB translation. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:161. [PMID: 35459206 PMCID: PMC9034523 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer type worldwide. Deregulation of mRNA translation is a frequent feature of cancer. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B (EIF3B) has been reported as an oncogene; however, its role in HNSCC has yet to be fully elucidated. Methods In this study, the clinical significance of EIF3B expression was analyzed based on TCGA datasets. Then, EIF3B expression was knocked down and its role in HNSCC was revealed. To explore the molecular mechanisms of EIF3B, we applied RNA sequencing and proteomics and acquired deregulated pathways. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) sequencing was conducted to reveal the target mRNAs of EIF3B, and TCGA datasets were used to validate potential targets of EIF3B. Results Elevated expression of EIF3B was observed in the HNSCC cancer samples. The expression of EIF3B was significantly correlated with the patient’s sex, age, HPV infection status, T stage, N stage, perineural invasion status and survival status. EIF3B serves as a marker of an unfavorable HNSCC prognosis. EIF3B-silenced Fadu and Cal27 cells exhibited reduced cell numbers, and EIF3B knockdown induced apoptosis in both cell lines. The EIF3B-silenced cells demonstrated decreased invasion and migration capabilities, and the EIF3B knockdown group mice showed significantly decreased tumor volumes. The results show that EIF3B promotes CEBPB translation and activates the MAPK pathway and revealed that IL6R and CCNG2 are targets of EIF3B-regulated CEBPB translation. Conclusion In summary, the results indicated that EIF3B is a novel oncogene in HNSCC that promotes CEBPB translation and IL6R expression, and these findings provide a link between the molecular basis and pathogenesis of HNSCC. Graphical Abstract ![]()
EIF3B is a prognostic biomarker for HNSCC risk; EIF3B promotes HNSCC progression in vitro and in vivo; EIF3B promotes CEBPB translation and activates the MAPK pathway; IL6R and CCNG2 are targets of EIF3B-regulated CEBPB translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yupeng Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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19
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Luo YY, Tao KG, Lu YT, Li BB, Wu KM, Ding CH, Yan FZ, Liu Y, Lin Y, Zhang X, Zeng X. Hsa_Circ_0098181 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Sponging miR-18a-3p and Targeting PPARA. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:819735. [PMID: 35264957 PMCID: PMC8899401 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.819735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and its incidence is still high in China. This study aimed to investigate the circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in the development of HCC and elucidate the mechanism. RNA sequencing found 72 downregulated circRNAs and 88 upregulated circRNAs in human HCC tissues, including hsa_circ_0098181, hsa_circ_0072309, hsa_circ_0000831, and hsa_circ_0000231. The reduction of hsa_circ_0098181 was confirmed in eight paired human HCC tissues, hepatoma cell lines, and CCL4/DEN-induced mouse HCC models by RT-qPCR. The FISH assay revealed that hsa_circ_0098181 is mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the paratumor tissues. Further log-rank analysis performed in 91 HCC patients demonstrated that low expression of hsa_circ_0098181 was related to poor prognosis. The plasmid and lentivirus overexpressing hsa_circ_0098181 were delivered into HCC cell lines. After hsa_circ_0098181 was upregulated, the proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation of HCC cell lines were inhibited, and the apoptosis was promoted. Moreover, exogenous hsa_circ_0098181 delivery mitigated the tumor formation ability of Huh7 in Balb/C nude mice. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and the RIP assay verified that hsa_circ_0098181 sponged miR-18a-3p to regulate PPARA. In addition, a rescue experiment found miR-18a-3p mimic partly reversed the suppression of hsa_circ_0098181 on proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cell lines. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0098181 can repress the development of HCC through sponging miR-18a-3p and promoting the expression of PPARA in vitro and in vivo, and hsa_circ_0098181 might be a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Gong Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ting Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Ming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Hong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Zhi Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Cha HK, Cheon S, Kim H, Lee KM, Ryu HS, Han D. Discovery of Proteins Responsible for Resistance to Three Chemotherapy Drugs in Breast Cancer Cells Using Proteomics and Bioinformatics Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061762. [PMID: 35335125 PMCID: PMC8954867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a daunting obstacle to the effective treatment of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Although the mechanism of chemotherapy drug resistance has been explored broadly, the precise mechanism at the proteome level remains unclear. Especially, comparative studies between widely used anticancer drugs in breast cancer are very limited. In this study, we employed proteomics and bioinformatics approaches on chemoresistant breast cancer cell lines to understand the underlying resistance mechanisms that resulted from doxorubicin (DR), paclitaxel (PR), and tamoxifen (TAR). In total, 10,385 proteins were identified and quantified from three TMT 6-plex and one TMT 10-plex experiments. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Notch signaling, immune response, and protein re-localization processes were uniquely associated with DR, PR, and TAR resistance, respectively. In addition, proteomic signatures related to drug resistance were identified as potential targets of many FDA-approved drugs. Furthermore, we identified potential prognostic proteins with significant effects on overall survival. Representatively, PLXNB2 expression was associated with a highly significant increase in risk, and downregulation of ACOX3 was correlated with a worse overall survival rate. Consequently, our study provides new insights into the proteomic aspects of the distinct mechanisms underlying chemoresistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Kyeong Cha
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.K.C.); (H.K.)
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Seongmin Cheon
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hyeyoon Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.K.C.); (H.K.)
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Min Lee
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Han Suk Ryu
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.R.); (D.H.)
| | - Dohyun Han
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.K.C.); (H.K.)
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.S.R.); (D.H.)
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21
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Nguyen TH, Yousefi H, Okpechi SC, Lauterboeck L, Dong S, Yang Q, Alahari SK. Nischarin Deletion Reduces Oxidative Metabolism and Overall ATP: A Study Using a Novel NISCHΔ5-6 Knockout Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031374. [PMID: 35163298 PMCID: PMC8835720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nischarin (Nisch) is a cytosolic scaffolding protein that harbors tumor-suppressor-like characteristics. Previous studies have shown that Nisch functions as a scaffolding protein and regulates multiple biological activities. In the current study, we prepared a complete Nisch knockout model, for the first time, by deletion of exons 5 and 6. This knockout model was confirmed by Qrt–PCR and Western blotting with products from mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells. Embryos and adult mice of knockouts are significantly smaller than their wild-type counterparts. Deletion of Nisch enhanced cell migration, as demonstrated by wound type and transwell migration assays. Since the animals were small in size, we investigated Nisch’s effect on metabolism by conducting several assays using the Seahorse analyzer system. These data indicate that Nisch null cells have lower oxygen consumption rates, lower ATP production, and lower levels of proton leak. We examined the expression of 15 genes involved in lipid and fat metabolism, as well as cell growth, and noted a significant increase in expression for many genes in Nischarin null animals. In summary, our results show that Nischarin plays an important physiological role in metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina H. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.N.); (H.Y.); (S.C.O.); (S.D.)
| | - Hassan Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.N.); (H.Y.); (S.C.O.); (S.D.)
| | - Samuel C. Okpechi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.N.); (H.Y.); (S.C.O.); (S.D.)
| | - Lothar Lauterboeck
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (L.L.); (Q.Y.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shengli Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.N.); (H.Y.); (S.C.O.); (S.D.)
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (L.L.); (Q.Y.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Suresh K. Alahari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.N.); (H.Y.); (S.C.O.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-504-568-4734
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22
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Feng L, Wang J, Zhang J, Diao J, He L, Fu C, Liao H, Xu X, Gao Y, Zhou C. Comprehensive Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases Reveals Ring Finger Protein 223 as a Novel Oncogene Activated by KLF4 in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:738709. [PMID: 34722520 PMCID: PMC8551701 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.738709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the major malignancies and causes of mortality worldwide. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases transfer activated ubiquitin from ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes to protein substrates and confer substrate specificity in cancer. In this study, we first downloaded data from The Cancer Genome Atlas pancreatic adenocarcinoma dataset, acquired all 27 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and identified genomic alterations. Then, the prognostic significance of DEGs was analyzed, and eight DEGs (MECOM, CBLC, MARCHF4, RNF166, TRIM46, LONRF3, RNF39, and RNF223) and two clinical parameters (pathological N stage and T stage) exhibited prognostic significance. RNF223 showed independent significance as an unfavorable prognostic marker and was chosen for subsequent analysis. Next, the function of RNF223 in the pancreatic cancer cell lines ASPC-1 and PANC-1 was investigated, and RNF223 silencing promoted pancreatic cancer growth and migration. To explore the potential targets and pathways of RNF223 in pancreatic cancer, quantitative proteomics was applied to analyze differentially expressed proteins, and metabolism-related pathways were primarily enriched. Finally, the reason for the elevated expression of RNF223 was analyzed, and KLF4 was shown to contribute to the increased expression of RNF233. In conclusion, this study comprehensively analyzed the clinical significance of E3 ligases. Functional assays revealed that RNF223 promotes cancer by regulating cell metabolism. Finally, the elevated expression of RNF223 was attributed to KLF4-mediated transcriptional activation. This study broadens our knowledge regarding E3 ubiquitin ligases and signal transduction and provides novel markers and therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieqing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen university, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingfang Diao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Chaoyi Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenjie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Cai C, Zhang Y, Hu X, Hu W, Yang S, Qiu H, Chu T. CDT1 Is a Novel Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:721644. [PMID: 34631549 PMCID: PMC8497762 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.721644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors endangering human health and life in the 21st century. Chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 (CDT1) is an important regulator of DNA replication licensing, which is essential for initiation of DNA replication. CDT1 overexpression in several human cancers reportedly leads to abnormal cell replication, activates DNA damage checkpoints, and predisposes malignant transformation. However, the abnormal expression of CDT1 in HCC and its diagnostic and prognostic value remains to be elucidated. Methods TCGA, ONCOMINE, UALCAN, HCCDB, HPA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, STRING, GEPIA, GeneMANIA, and TIMER were conducted for bioinformatics analysis. CDT1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in HCC tissues through a tissue microarray. qRT-PCR, western blot and a cohort of functional experiments were performed for in vitro validation. Results In this study, we discovered remarkably upregulated transcription of CDT1 in HCC samples relative to normal liver samples through bioinformatic analysis, which was further verified in clinical tissue microarray samples and in vitro experiments. Moreover, the transcriptional level of CDT1 in HCC samples was positively associated with clinical parameters such as clinical tumor stage. Survival, logistic regression, and Cox regression analyses revealed the significant clinical prognostic value of CDT1 expression in HCC. The receiver operating characteristic curve and nomogram analysis results demonstrated the strong predictive ability of CDT1 in HCC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene set enrichment analyses indicated that CDT1 was mainly associated with the cell cycle, DNA repair, and DNA replication. We further demonstrated the significant correlation between CDT1 and minichromosome maintenance (MCM) family genes, revealing abnormal expression and prognostic significance of MCMs in HCC. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that CDT1 was significantly associated with immune cell subsets and affected the survival of HCC patients. Finally, knockdown of CDT1 decreased, whereas overexpression of CDT1 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion of HCC cells in vitro. Conclusions Our study findings demonstrate the potential diagnostic and prognostic significance of CDT1 expression in HCC, and elucidate the potential molecular mechanism underlying its role in promoting the occurrence and development of liver cancer. These results may provide new opportunities and research paths for targeted therapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Sizhen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tongwei Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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24
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Mention K, Joncquel Chevalier Curt M, Dessein AF, Douillard C, Dobbelaere D, Vamecq J. Citrin deficiency: Does the reactivation of liver aralar-1 come into play and promote HCC development? Biochimie 2021; 190:20-23. [PMID: 34228977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a longstanding issue in clinical practice and metabolic research. New clues in better understanding the pathogenesis of HCC might relate to the metabolic context in patients with citrin (aspartate-glutamate carrier 1) deficiency (CD). Because citrin-deficient liver (CDL) is subject to HCC, it represents a unique metabolic model to highlight the mechanisms of HCC promotion, offering different angles of study than the classical metabolic syndrome/obesity/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/HCC study axis. In turn, the metabolic features of HCC could shed light on the pathogenesis of CDL. Among these, HCC-induced re-activation of aralar-1 (aspartate-glutamate carrier 2), physiologically not expressed in the adult liver, might take place in CDL, so gene redundancy for mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carriers would be exploited by the CDL. This proposed (aralar-1 re-activation) and known (citrate/malate cycle) adaptive mechanisms may substitute for the impaired function in CD and are consistent with the clinical remission stage of CD and CD improvement by medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). However, these metabolic adaptive benefits could also promote HCC development. In CD, as a result of PPARα down-regulation, liver mitochondrial fatty acid-derived acetyl-CoA would, like glucose-derived acetyl-CoA, be used for lipid anabolism and fuel nuclear acetylation events which might trigger aralar-1 re-activation as seen in non-CD HCC. A brief account of these metabolic events which might lead to aralar-1 re-activation in CDL is here given. Consistency of this account for CDL events further relies on the protective roles of PPARα and inhibition of mitochondrial and plasma membrane citrate transporters in non-CD HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Mention
- Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres Du Développement et Du Métabolisme: Du Phénotype au Génotype et à La Fonction, Lille, EA, 7364, France; Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Marie Joncquel Chevalier Curt
- CHU Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, UF Métabolisme Général et Maladies Rares, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Frédérique Dessein
- CHU Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, UF Métabolisme Général et Maladies Rares, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Claire Douillard
- Endocrinology-Diabetology-Metabolism Department and Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dries Dobbelaere
- Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres Du Développement et Du Métabolisme: Du Phénotype au Génotype et à La Fonction, Lille, EA, 7364, France; Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Joseph Vamecq
- Inserm, Univ. Lille EA 7364 RADEME, CHU Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, UF Métabolisme Général et Maladies Rares, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Zhang C, Liu S, Yang M. Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Disease: Causing Factors, Molecular Links, and Treatment Options. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:808526. [PMID: 35002979 PMCID: PMC8733382 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.808526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, which will affect more than a million people by the year 2025. However, current treatment options have limited benefits. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fastest growing factor that causes HCC in western countries, including the United States. In addition, NAFLD co-morbidities including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) promote HCC development. Alteration of metabolites and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in HCC progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not totally clear. Herein, in this review, we explored the latest molecules that are involved in obesity, T2DM, and CVDs-mediated progression of HCC, as they share some common pathologic features. Meanwhile, several therapeutic options by targeting these key factors and molecules were discussed for HCC treatment. Overall, obesity, T2DM, and CVDs as chronic metabolic disease factors are tightly implicated in the development of HCC and its progression. Molecules and factors involved in these NAFLD comorbidities are potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shuai Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Ming Yang,
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