1
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Zengel J, Wang YX, Seo JW, Ning K, Hamilton JN, Wu B, Raie M, Holbrook C, Su S, Clements DR, Pillay S, Puschnik AS, Winslow MM, Idoyaga J, Nagamine CM, Sun Y, Mahajan VB, Ferrara KW, Blau HM, Carette JE. Hardwiring tissue-specific AAV transduction in mice through engineered receptor expression. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1070-1081. [PMID: 37291262 PMCID: PMC10333121 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01896-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of transgenic mouse models that express genes of interest in specific cell types has transformed our understanding of basic biology and disease. However, generating these models is time- and resource-intensive. Here we describe a model system, SELective Expression and Controlled Transduction In Vivo (SELECTIV), that enables efficient and specific expression of transgenes by coupling adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors with Cre-inducible overexpression of the multi-serotype AAV receptor, AAVR. We demonstrate that transgenic AAVR overexpression greatly increases the efficiency of transduction of many diverse cell types, including muscle stem cells, which are normally refractory to AAV transduction. Superior specificity is achieved by combining Cre-mediated AAVR overexpression with whole-body knockout of endogenous Aavr, which is demonstrated in heart cardiomyocytes, liver hepatocytes and cholinergic neurons. The enhanced efficacy and exquisite specificity of SELECTIV has broad utility in development of new mouse model systems and expands the use of AAV for gene delivery in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Zengel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu Xin Wang
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Genetic Disorders and Aging, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jai Woong Seo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ke Ning
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James N Hamilton
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina Raie
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Colin Holbrook
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shiqi Su
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Derek R Clements
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sirika Pillay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andreas S Puschnik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Monte M Winslow
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Claude M Nagamine
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Vinit B Mahajan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Katherine W Ferrara
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jan E Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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2
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Schwenck J, Sonanini D, Seyfried D, Ehrlichmann W, Kienzle G, Reischl G, Krezer P, Wilson I, Korn R, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Seith F, Forschner A, Eigentler T, Zender L, Röcken M, Pichler BJ, Flatz L, Kneilling M, la Fougere C. In vivo imaging of CD8 + T cells in metastatic cancer patients: first clinical experience with simultaneous [ 89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C PET/MRI. Theranostics 2023; 13:2408-2423. [PMID: 37215571 PMCID: PMC10196830 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim/Introduction: Despite the spectacular success of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICT) in patients with metastatic cancer, only a limited proportion of patients benefit from ICT. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are important gatekeepers for the therapeutic response to ICT and are able to recognize MHC class I-dependent tumor antigens and destroy tumor cells. The radiolabeled minibody [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C has a high affinity for human CD8+ T cells and was successfully tested in a phase I study. Here, we aimed to gain the first clinical PET/MRI experience with the noninvasive assessment of the CD8+ T-cell distribution in cancer patients by in vivo [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C with a distinct focus of identifying potential signatures of successful ICT. Material and Methods: We investigated 8 patients with metastasized cancers undergoing ICT. Radiolabeling of Df-IAB22M2C with Zr-89 was performed according to Good Manufacturing Practice. Multiparametric PET/MRI was acquired 24 h after injection of 74.2±17.9 MBq [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C. We analyzed [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake within the metastases and within primary and secondary lymphatic organs. Results: [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C injection was tolerated well without noticeable side effects. The CD8 PET/MRI data acquisitions 24 hours post-administration of [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C revealed good image quality with a relatively low background signal due to only low unspecific tissue uptake and marginal blood pool retention. Only two metastatic lesions showed markedly increased tracer uptake in our cohort of patients. Furthermore, we observed high interpatient variability in [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake within the primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Four out of five ICT patients exhibited rather high [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake in the bone marrow. Two of these four patients as well as two other patients yielded pronounced [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake within nonmetastatic lymph nodes. Interestingly, cancer progression in ICT patients was associated with a relatively low [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake in the spleen compared to the liver in 4 out of the 6 patients. Lymph nodes with enhanced [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake revealed significantly reduced apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in diffusion weighted MRI. Conclusion: Our first clinical experiences revealed the feasibility of [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C PET/MRI in assessing potential immune-related changes in metastases and primary and secondary lymphatic organs. According to our results, we hypothesize that alterations in [89Zr]Zr-Df-IAB22M2C uptake in primary and secondary lymphoid organs might be associated with the response to ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schwenck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Sonanini
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Seyfried
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Ehrlichmann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Kienzle
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pascal Krezer
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ron Korn
- ImaginAb, Inc., Inglewood, California
| | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Seith
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Forschner
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Luisenstrasse 2, Berlin, 10177, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Flatz
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian la Fougere
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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3
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Feil S, Stowbur D, Schörg BF, Ehrlichmann W, Reischl G, Kneilling M, Pichler BJ, Feil R. Noninvasive Detection of Smooth Muscle Cell-Derived Hot Spots to Study Atherosclerosis by PET/MRI in Mice. Circ Res 2023; 132:747-750. [PMID: 36794593 PMCID: PMC10017300 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.322296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., R.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dimitri Stowbur
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (D.S., B.F.S., W.E., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” (D.S., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara F. Schörg
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (D.S., B.F.S., W.E., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Ehrlichmann
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (D.S., B.F.S., W.E., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (D.S., B.F.S., W.E., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” (D.S., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (D.S., B.F.S., W.E., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” (D.S., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology (M.K.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J. Pichler
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center (D.S., B.F.S., W.E., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” (D.S., G.R., M.K., B.J.P.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (B.J.P.)
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., R.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
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4
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Zizmare L, Mehling R, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Lonati C, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M, Trautwein C. Acute and chronic inflammation alter immunometabolism in a cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) mouse model. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1250. [PMID: 36380134 PMCID: PMC9666528 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell-driven immune responses are responsible for several autoimmune disorders, such as psoriasis vulgaris and rheumatoid arthritis. Identification of metabolic signatures in inflamed tissues is needed to facilitate novel and individualised therapeutic developments. Here we show the temporal metabolic dynamics of T-cell-driven inflammation characterised by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomics, histopathology and immunohistochemistry in acute and chronic cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR). During acute DTHR, an increase in glutathione and glutathione disulfide is consistent with the ear swelling response and degree of neutrophilic infiltration, while taurine and ascorbate dominate the chronic phase, suggesting a switch in redox metabolism. Lowered amino acids, an increase in cell membrane repair-related metabolites and infiltration of T cells and macrophages further characterise chronic DTHR. Acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR can be distinguished by characteristic metabolic patterns associated with individual inflammatory pathways providing knowledge that will aid target discovery of specialised therapeutics. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based tissue metabolomics is used to define detailed temporal signatures of acute and chronic inflammation in cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.
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5
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Travnickova J, Muise S, Wojciechowska S, Brombin A, Zeng Z, Young AIJ, Wyatt C, Patton EE. Fate mapping melanoma persister cells through regression and into recurrent disease in adult zebrafish. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:276219. [PMID: 35929478 PMCID: PMC9509888 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma heterogeneity and plasticity underlie therapy resistance. Some tumour cells possess innate resistance, while others reprogramme during drug exposure and survive to form persister cells, a source of potential cancer cells for recurrent disease. Tracing individual melanoma cell populations through tumour regression and into recurrent disease remains largely unexplored, in part, because complex animal models are required for live imaging of cell populations over time. Here, we applied tamoxifen-inducible creERt2/loxP lineage tracing to a zebrafish model of MITF-dependent melanoma regression and recurrence to image and trace cell populations in vivo through disease stages. Using this strategy, we show that melanoma persister cells at the minimal residual disease site originate from the primary tumour. Next, we fate mapped rare MITF-independent persister cells and demonstrate that these cells directly contribute to progressive disease. Multiplex immunohistochemistry confirmed that MITF-independent persister cells give rise to Mitfa+ cells in recurrent disease. Taken together, our work reveals a direct contribution of persister cell populations to recurrent disease, and provides a resource for lineage-tracing methodology in adult zebrafish cancer models. Summary: We fate map melanoma cells from the primary tumour into a persister cell state and show that persister cells directly contribute to recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Travnickova
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah Muise
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sonia Wojciechowska
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alessandro Brombin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zhiqiang Zeng
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adelaide I J Young
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cameron Wyatt
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E Elizabeth Patton
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
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6
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Lee SE, Rudd BD, Smith NL. Fate-mapping mice: new tools and technology for immune discovery. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:195-209. [PMID: 35094945 PMCID: PMC8882138 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The fate-mapping mouse has become an essential tool in the immunologist's toolbox. Although traditionally used by developmental biologists to trace the origins of cells, immunologists are turning to fate-mapping to better understand the development and function of immune cells. Thus, an expansion in the variety of fate-mapping mouse models has occurred to answer fundamental questions about the immune system. These models are also being combined with new genetic tools to study cancer, infection, and autoimmunity. In this review, we summarize different types of fate-mapping mice and describe emerging technologies that might allow immunologists to leverage this valuable tool and expand our functional knowledge of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlett E Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Brian D Rudd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Norah L Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
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7
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Sauter M, Sauter RJ, Nording H, Lin C, Olbrich M, Autenrieth S, Gleissner C, Thunemann M, Otero N, Lutgens E, Aherrahrou Z, Wolf D, Zender L, Meuth S, Feil R, Langer HF. Apolipoprotein E derived from CD11c + cells ameliorates atherosclerosis. iScience 2022; 25:103677. [PMID: 35036868 PMCID: PMC8749187 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is studied in models with dysfunctional lipid homeostasis—predominantly the ApoE−/− mouse. The role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for lipid homeostasis is not clear. Using a LacZ reporter mouse, we showed that CD11c+ cells were enriched in aortae of ApoE−/− mice. Systemic long-term depletion of CD11c+ cells in ApoE−/− mice resulted in significantly increased plaque formation associated with reduced serum ApoE levels. In CD11ccre+ApoEfl/fl and Albumincre+ApoEfl/fl mice, we could show that ≈70% of ApoE is liver-derived and ≈25% originates from CD11c+ cells associated with significantly increased atherosclerotic plaque burden in both strains. Exposure to acLDL promoted cholesterol efflux from CD11c+ cells and cell-specific deletion of ApoE resulted in increased inflammation reflected by increased IL-1β serum levels. Our results determined for the first time the level of ApoE originating from CD11c+ cells and demonstrated that CD11c+ cells ameliorate atherosclerosis by the secretion of ApoE. CD11c+ cells are enriched in aortae of high cholesterol-fed ApoE−/- mice Depletion of CD11c+ cells increases plaque size in ApoE−/- mice ≈ 20% of serum ApoE derives from CD11c+ cells ApoE from CD11c+ cells contributes to protection from atherosclerosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Sauter
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Reinhard J Sauter
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Henry Nording
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Chaolan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Olbrich
- University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stella Autenrieth
- University Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Gleissner
- University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Thunemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nadia Otero
- Philipps University Marburg, Faculty of Medicine, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Esther Lutgens
- University Hospital Munich, Institute for Prophylaxis and Epidemiology of Circulatory Diseases, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- University of Luebeck, Institute of Cardiogenetics, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Dennis Wolf
- University Hospital, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.,DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 'Image-guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy' (IFIT), University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.,German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Meuth
- University Hospital, Department of Neurology, University of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Harald F Langer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
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8
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Barca C, Griessinger CM, Faust A, Depke D, Essler M, Windhorst AD, Devoogdt N, Brindle KM, Schäfers M, Zinnhardt B, Jacobs AH. Expanding Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:13. [PMID: 35056071 PMCID: PMC8780589 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioligand theranostics (RT) in oncology use cancer-type specific biomarkers and molecular imaging (MI), including positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and planar scintigraphy, for patient diagnosis, therapy, and personalized management. While the definition of theranostics was initially restricted to a single compound allowing visualization and therapy simultaneously, the concept has been widened with the development of theranostic pairs and the combination of nuclear medicine with different types of cancer therapies. Here, we review the clinical applications of different theranostic radiopharmaceuticals in managing different tumor types (differentiated thyroid, neuroendocrine prostate, and breast cancer) that support the combination of innovative oncological therapies such as gene and cell-based therapies with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (A.F.); (D.D.); (M.S.); (B.Z.)
| | - Christoph M. Griessinger
- Roche Innovation Center, Early Clinical Development Oncology, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (A.F.); (D.D.); (M.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dominic Depke
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (A.F.); (D.D.); (M.S.); (B.Z.)
| | - Markus Essler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Albert D. Windhorst
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1090 Brussel, Belgium;
| | - Kevin M. Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 ORE, UK;
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (A.F.); (D.D.); (M.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (A.F.); (D.D.); (M.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Biomarkers and Translational Technologies, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas H. Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (A.F.); (D.D.); (M.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Johanniter Hospital, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
- Centre of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
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9
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Kiraga Ł, Kucharzewska P, Paisey S, Cheda Ł, Domańska A, Rogulski Z, Rygiel TP, Boffi A, Król M. Nuclear imaging for immune cell tracking in vivo – Comparison of various cell labeling methods and their application. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Depke DA, Konken CP, Rösner L, Hermann S, Schäfers M, Rentmeister A. A novel 18F-labeled clickable substrate for targeted imaging of SNAP-tag expressing cells by PET in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9850-9853. [PMID: 34490435 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03871k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal covalent labeling with self-labeling enzymes like SNAP-tag bears a high potential for specific targeting of cells for imaging in vitro and also in vivo. To this end, fluorescent SNAP substrates have been established and used in microscopy and fluorescence imaging while radioactive substrates for the highly sensitive and whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) have been lacking. Here, we show for the first time successful and high-contrast PET imaging of subcutaneous SNAP-tag expressing tumor xenografts by bioorthogonal covalent targeting with a novel 18F-based radioligand in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Alexej Depke
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Germany.
| | - Christian Paul Konken
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Germany. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Lukas Rösner
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Germany.
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Germany.
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Germany. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
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11
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Covalent 18F-Radiotracers for SNAPTag: A New Toolbox for Reporter Gene Imaging. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090897. [PMID: 34577597 PMCID: PMC8466261 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for versatile in vivo nuclear imaging reporter systems to foster preclinical and clinical research. We explore the applicability of the SNAPTag and novel radiolabeled small-molecule ligands as a versatile reporter gene system for in vivo nuclear imaging. SNAPTag is a high-affinity protein tag used in a variety of biochemical research areas and based on the suicide DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine methyl transferase (MGMT). Its ligands are well suited for reporter gene imaging as the benzyl guanine core scaffold can be derivatized with fluorescent or radiolabeled moieties for various applications. Three guanine-based SNAPTag ligands ([18F]FBBG, [18F]pFBG and [18F]mFBG) were synthesized in high yields and were (radio)chemically characterized. HEK293 cells were engineered to express the SNAPTag on the cell surface and served as cell model to assess target affinity by radiotracer uptake assays, Western blotting and SDS-PAGE autoradiography. A subcutaneous HEK293-SNAPTag xenograft model in immunodeficient mice was used for in vivo evaluation of [18F]FBBG and [18F]pFBG while the biodistribution of [18F]mFBG was characterized in naïve animals. The results were validated by ex vivo biodistribution studies and immunofluorescence staining of the xenografts. All three radiotracers were produced in high radiochemical purity, molar activity and good yields. Western blot analysis revealed successful SNAPTag expression by the transfected HEK293 cells. In vitro testing revealed high target affinity of all three tracers with an up to 191-fold higher signal in the HEK293-SNAPTag cells compared to untransfected cells. This was further supported by a prominent radioactive protein band at the expected size in the SDS-PAGE autoradiograph of cells incubated with [18F]FBBG or [18F]pFBG. The in vivo studies demonstrated high uptake in HEK293-SNAP xenografts compared to HEK293 xenografts with excellent tumor-to-muscle ratios (7.5 ± 4.2 for [18F]FBBG and 10.6 ± 6.2 for [18F]pFBG). In contrast to [18F]pFBG and its chemical analogue [18F]mFBG, [18F]FBBG showed no signs of unspecific bone uptake and defluorination in vivo. Radiolabeled SNAPTag ligands bear great potential for clinical applications such as in vivo tracking of cell populations, antibody fragments and targeted radiotherapy. With excellent target affinity, good stability, and low non-specific binding, [18F]FBBG is a highly promising candidate for further preclinical evaluation.
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12
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Maiques O, Fanshawe B, Crosas-Molist E, Rodriguez-Hernandez I, Volpe A, Cantelli G, Boehme L, Orgaz JL, Mardakheh FK, Sanz-Moreno V, Fruhwirth GO. A preclinical pipeline to evaluate migrastatics as therapeutic agents in metastatic melanoma. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:699-713. [PMID: 34172930 PMCID: PMC8405734 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is a hallmark of cancer and responsible for most cancer deaths. Migrastatics were defined as drugs interfering with all modes of cancer cell invasion and thus cancers' ability to metastasise. First anti-metastatic treatments have recently been approved. METHODS We used bioinformatic analyses of publicly available melanoma databases. Experimentally, we performed in vitro target validation (including 2.5D cell morphology analysis and mass spectrometric analysis of RhoA binding partners), developed a new traceable spontaneously metastasising murine melanoma model for in vivo validation, and employed histology (haematoxylin/eosin and phospho-myosin II staining) to confirm drug action in harvested tumour tissues. RESULTS Unbiased and targeted bioinformatic analyses identified the Rho kinase (ROCK)-myosin II pathway and its various components as potentially relevant targets in melanoma. In vitro validation demonstrated redundancy of several RhoGEFs upstream of RhoA and confirmed ROCK as a druggable target downstream of RhoA. The anti-metastatic effects of two ROCK inhibitors were demonstrated through in vivo melanoma metastasis tracking and inhibitor effects also confirmed ex vivo by digital pathology. CONCLUSIONS We proposed a migrastatic drug development pipeline. As part of the pipeline, we provide a new traceable spontaneous melanoma metastasis model for in vivo quantification of metastasis and anti-metastatic effects by non-invasive imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Maiques
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square Campus, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Bruce Fanshawe
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Studies, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Eva Crosas-Molist
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square Campus, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Irene Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square Campus, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Alessia Volpe
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Studies, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
- Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gaia Cantelli
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Lena Boehme
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Jose L Orgaz
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square Campus, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Faraz K Mardakheh
- Centre for Cancer Cell & Molecular Biology at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square Campus, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square Campus, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK.
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK.
| | - Gilbert O Fruhwirth
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Studies, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK.
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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13
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Shao F, Long Y, Ji H, Jiang D, Lei P, Lan X. Radionuclide-based molecular imaging allows CAR-T cellular visualization and therapeutic monitoring. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6800-6817. [PMID: 34093854 PMCID: PMC8171102 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is a new and effective form of adoptive cell therapy that is rapidly entering the mainstream for the treatment of CD19-positive hematological cancers because of its impressive effect and durable responses. Huge challenges remain in achieving similar success in patients with solid tumors. The current methods of monitoring CAR-T, including morphological imaging (CT and MRI), blood tests, and biopsy, have limitations to assess whether CAR-T cells are homing to tumor sites and infiltrating into tumor bed, or to assess the survival, proliferation, and persistence of CAR-T cells in solid tumors associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Radionuclide-based molecular imaging affords improved CAR-T cellular visualization and therapeutic monitoring through either a direct cellular radiolabeling approach or a reporter gene imaging strategy, and endogenous cell imaging is beneficial to reflect functional information and immune status of T cells. Focusing on the dynamic monitoring and precise assessment of CAR-T therapy, this review summarizes the current applications of radionuclide-based noninvasive imaging in CAR-T cells visualization and monitoring and presents current challenges and strategic choices.
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14
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Jacobs AH, Schelhaas S, Viel T, Waerzeggers Y, Winkeler A, Zinnhardt B, Gelovani J. Imaging of Gene and Cell-Based Therapies: Basis and Clinical Trials. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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15
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Wang Q, Mikhaylova E, Baikejiang R, Cherry SR. The reduction of 176Lu background in Lu-based PET scanners using optimized classification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 65:175016. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aba088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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16
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Iking J, Klose J, Staniszewska M, Fendler WP, Herrmann K, Rischpler C. Imaging inflammation after myocardial infarction: implications for prognosis and therapeutic guidance. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:35-50. [PMID: 32077669 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation after myocardial infarction (MI) has been in the focus of cardiovascular research for several years as it influences the remodeling process of the ischemic heart and thereby critically determines the clinical outcome of the patient. Today, it is well appreciated that inflammation is a crucial necessity for the initiation of the natural wound healing process; however, excessive inflammation can have detrimental effects and might result in adverse ventricular remodeling which is associated with an increased risk of heart failure. Newly emerged imaging techniques facilitate the non-invasive assessment of immune cell infiltration into the ischemic myocardium and can provide greater insight into the underlying complex and dynamic repair mechanisms. Molecular imaging of inflammation in the context of MI may help with stratification of patients at high risk of adverse ventricular remodeling post-MI which may be of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value. Novel radiopharmaceuticals may additionally provide a way to combine patient monitoring and therapy. In spite of great advances in recent years in the field of imaging sciences, clinicians still need to overcome some obstacles to a wider implementation of inflammation imaging post-MI. This review focuses on inflammation as a molecular imaging target and its potential implication in prognosis and therapeutic guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette Iking
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology I for Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, and Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jasmin Klose
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang P Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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17
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Perrin J, Capitao M, Mougin-Degraef M, Guérard F, Faivre-Chauvet A, Rbah-Vidal L, Gaschet J, Guilloux Y, Kraeber-Bodéré F, Chérel M, Barbet J. Cell Tracking in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:34. [PMID: 32118018 PMCID: PMC7033605 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The impressive development of cancer immunotherapy in the last few years originates from a more precise understanding of control mechanisms in the immune system leading to the discovery of new targets and new therapeutic tools. Since different stages of disease progression elicit different local and systemic inflammatory responses, the ability to longitudinally interrogate the migration and expansion of immune cells throughout the whole body will greatly facilitate disease characterization and guide selection of appropriate treatment regiments. While using radiolabeled white blood cells to detect inflammatory lesions has been a classical nuclear medicine technique for years, new non-invasive methods for monitoring the distribution and migration of biologically active cells in living organisms have emerged. They are designed to improve detection sensitivity and allow for a better preservation of cell activity and integrity. These methods include the monitoring of therapeutic cells but also of all cells related to a specific disease or therapeutic approach. Labeling of therapeutic cells for imaging may be performed in vitro, with some limitations on sensitivity and duration of observation. Alternatively, in vivo cell tracking may be performed by genetically engineering cells or mice so that may be revealed through imaging. In addition, SPECT or PET imaging based on monoclonal antibodies has been used to detect tumors in the human body for years. They may be used to detect and quantify the presence of specific cells within cancer lesions. These methods have been the object of several recent reviews that have concentrated on technical aspects, stressing the differences between direct and indirect labeling. They are briefly described here by distinguishing ex vivo (labeling cells with paramagnetic, radioactive, or fluorescent tracers) and in vivo (in vivo capture of injected radioactive, fluorescent or luminescent tracers, or by using labeled antibodies, ligands, or pre-targeted clickable substrates) imaging methods. This review focuses on cell tracking in specific therapeutic applications, namely cell therapy, and particularly CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T-cell therapy, which is a fast-growing research field with various therapeutic indications. The potential impact of imaging on the progress of these new therapeutic modalities is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Perrin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marisa Capitao
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Mougin-Degraef
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - François Guérard
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alain Faivre-Chauvet
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Latifa Rbah-Vidal
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Joëlle Gaschet
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Yannick Guilloux
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Françoise Kraeber-Bodéré
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Nantes, France.,Nuclear Medicine, ICO Cancer Center, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Michel Chérel
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Nuclear Medicine, ICO Cancer Center, Saint-Herblain, France
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18
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Liu X, Huang H, Gao Y, Zhou L, Yang J, Li X, Li Y, Zhao H, Su S, Ke C, Pei Z. Visualization of gene therapy with a liver cancer-targeted adeno-associated virus 3 vector. J Cancer 2020; 11:2192-2200. [PMID: 32127946 PMCID: PMC7052912 DOI: 10.7150/jca.39579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the feasibility of a self-complementing recombinant adeno-associated virus 3 (scrAAV3) vector targeting liver cancer and non-invasively monitor gene therapy of liver cancer. Materials and methods: An scrAAV3-HSV1-TK-kallistatin (ATK) gene drug was constructed, which contained the herpes virus thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK) reporter gene and human endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor (kallistatin) gene for non-invasive imaging of gene expression. Subcutaneous xenografted tumors of hepatoma in nude mice were generated for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. The ATK group was injected with the ATK gene through the tail vein, and an imaging agent was injected 2 weeks later. PET/CT imaging was performed at 1 hour after injection of the imaging agent. The control group was injected with phosphate-buffered saline at the same volume as the ATK gene drug. HE staining is used for pathological observation of tumor sections. HSV1-TK and kallistatin expression was identified by immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR, and western blotting. Results: Radioactivity on PET/CT images was significantly higher in the ATK group compared with the control group. 18F-FHBG uptake values of left forelegs in ATK and control groups were 0.591±0.151% and 0.017 ± 0.011% ID/g (n=5), respectively (P<0.05). After injection of the ATK gene drug, mRNA and protein expression of HSV1-TK and kallistatin in subcutaneous xenograft tumors was detected successfully. In vitro analysis demonstrated significant differences in the expression of HSV1-TK and kallistatin between ATK and control groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: The scrAAV3 vector has a strong liver cancer-targeting ability, and the ATK gene drug can be used for targeted and non-invasive monitoring of liver cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Hanling Huang
- Health management center, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Lumeng Zhou
- Postgraduate Training Base of Taihe Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Jianwei Yang
- Postgraduate Training Base of Taihe Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Haiwen Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Shanchun Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Changbin Ke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zhijun Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of WudangLocal Chinese Medicine Research, Shiyan, 442000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan, 442000, China
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19
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Ni JS, Li Y, Yue W, Liu B, Li K. Nanoparticle-based Cell Trackers for Biomedical Applications. Theranostics 2020; 10:1923-1947. [PMID: 32042345 PMCID: PMC6993224 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous or real-time tracking of biological processes using biocompatible contrast agents over a certain period of time is vital for precise diagnosis and treatment, such as monitoring tissue regeneration after stem cell transplantation, understanding the genesis, development, invasion and metastasis of cancer and so on. The rationally designed nanoparticles, including aggregation-induced emission (AIE) dots, inorganic quantum dots (QDs), nanodiamonds, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), and semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs), have been explored to meet this urgent need. In this review, the development and application of these nanoparticle-based cell trackers for a variety of imaging technologies, including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic particle imaging, positron emission tomography and single photon emission computing tomography are discussed in detail. Moreover, the further therapeutic treatments using multi-functional trackers endowed with photodynamic and photothermal modalities are also introduced to provide a comprehensive perspective in this promising research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Shyang Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yaxi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Wentong Yue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Schwenck J, Schörg B, Fiz F, Sonanini D, Forschner A, Eigentler T, Weide B, Martella M, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Campi C, Sambuceti G, Seith F, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Garbe C, Pfannenberg C, Röcken M, Fougere CL, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. Cancer immunotherapy is accompanied by distinct metabolic patterns in primary and secondary lymphoid organs observed by non-invasive in vivo 18F-FDG-PET. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:925-937. [PMID: 31903160 PMCID: PMC6929998 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cancer immunotherapy depends on a systemic immune response, but the basic underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Despite the very successful and widespread use of checkpoint inhibitors in the clinic, the majority of cancer patients do not benefit from this type of treatment. In this translational study, we investigated whether noninvasive in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) is capable of detecting immunotherapy-associated metabolic changes in the primary and secondary lymphoid organs and whether this detection enables the prediction of a successful anti-cancer immune response. Methods: RIP1-Tag2 mice with progressed endogenous insular cell carcinomas underwent a combined cancer immunotherapy consisting of CD4+ T cells plus monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) or a sham treatment after radiation-mediated immune cell depletion. A second cohort of RIP1-Tag2 mice underwent exclusive checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CIT) using anti-PD-L1/LAG-3 mAbs or sham treatment without initial immune cell depletion to mimic the clinical situation. All mice were monitored by 18F-FDG-PET combined with anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, we retrospectively analyzed PET / computed tomography (CT) scans (PET/CT) regarding 18F-FDG uptake of CIT-treated metastatic melanoma patients in the spleen (n=23) and bone marrow (BM; n=20) as well as blood parameters (n=17-21). Results: RIP1-Tag2 mice with advanced insular cell carcinomas treated with combination immunotherapy exhibited significantly increased 18F-FDG uptake in the spleen compared to sham-treated mice. Histopathology of the spleens from treated mice revealed atrophy of the white pulp with fewer germinal centers and an expanded red pulp with hyperplasia of neutrophils than those of sham-treated mice. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analyses of the spleens revealed a lower number of T cells and a higher number of neutrophils compared to those in the spleens of sham-treated mice. Flow cytometry of the BM showed enhanced activation of T cells following the treatment schemes that included checkpoint inhibitors. The ratio of 18F-FDG uptake at baseline to the uptake at follow-up in the spleens of exclusively CIT-treated RIP1-Tag2 mice was significantly enhanced, but the ratio was not enhanced in the spleens of the sham-treated littermates. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed a reduced number of T cells in the spleens of exclusively CIT-treated mice compared to that of sham-treated mice. A retrospective analysis of clinical 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans revealed enhanced 18F-FDG uptake in the spleens of some successfully CIT-treated patients with metastatic melanoma, but there were no significant differences between responders and non-responders. The analysis of the BM in clinical 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans with a computational segmentation tool revealed significantly higher baseline 18F-FDG uptake in patients who responded to CIT than in non-responders, and this relationship was independent of bone metastasis, even in the baseline scan. Conclusions: Thus, we are presenting the first translational study of solid tumors focusing on the metabolic patterns of primary and secondary lymphoid organs induced by the systemic immune response after CIT. We demonstrate that the widely available 18F-FDG-PET modality is an applicable translational tool that has high potential to stratify patients at an early time point.
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Thackeray JT, Bengel FM. Molecular Imaging of Myocardial Inflammation With Positron Emission Tomography Post-Ischemia: A Determinant of Subsequent Remodeling or Recovery. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 11:1340-1355. [PMID: 30190033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation after myocardial ischemia influences ventricular remodeling and repair and has emerged as a therapeutic target. Conventional diagnostic measurements address systemic inflammation but cannot quantify local tissue changes. Molecular imaging facilitates noninvasive assessment of leukocyte infiltration into damaged myocardium. Preliminary experience with 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) demonstrates localized inflammatory cell signal within the infarct territory as an independent predictor of subsequent ventricular dysfunction. Novel targeted radiotracers may provide additional insight into the enrichment of specific leukocyte populations. Challenges to wider implementation of inflammation imaging after myocardial infarction include accurate and reproducible quantification, prognostic value, and capacity to monitor inflammation response to novel treatment. This review describes myocardial inflammation following ischemia as a molecular imaging target and evaluates established and emerging radiotracers for this application. Furthermore, the potential role of inflammation imaging to provide prognostic information, support novel drug and therapeutic research, and assess biological response to cardiac disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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22
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Teng YD. Functional multipotency of stem cells: Biological traits gleaned from neural progeny studies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 95:74-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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23
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Fath-Bayati L, Vasei M, Sharif-Paghaleh E. Optical fluorescence imaging with shortwave infrared light emitter nanomaterials for in vivo cell tracking in regenerative medicine. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7905-7918. [PMID: 31559692 PMCID: PMC6850965 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo tracking and monitoring of adoptive cell transfer has a distinct importance in cell‐based therapy. There are many imaging modalities for in vivo monitoring of biodistribution, viability and effectiveness of transferred cells. Some of these procedures are not applicable in the human body because of low sensitivity and high possibility of tissue damages. Shortwave infrared region (SWIR) imaging is a relatively new technique by which deep biological tissues can be potentially visualized with high resolution at cellular level. Indeed, scanning of the electromagnetic spectrum (beyond 1000 nm) of SWIR has a great potential to increase sensitivity and resolution of in vivo imaging for various human tissues. In this review, molecular imaging modalities used for monitoring of biodistribution and fate of administered cells with focusing on the application of non‐invasive optical imaging at shortwave infrared region are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Fath-Bayati
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vasei
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Cell-based Therapies Research Institute, Digestive Disease Research Institute (DDRI), Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sharif-Paghaleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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24
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D’Addabbo J, Wardak M, Nguyen PK. Recent Advances in Imaging Inflammation Post-Myocardial Infarction Using Positron Emission Tomography. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-019-9515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Hoffmann SHL, Reck DI, Maurer A, Fehrenbacher B, Sceneay JE, Poxleitner M, Öz HH, Ehrlichmann W, Reischl G, Fuchs K, Schaller M, Hartl D, Kneilling M, Möller A, Pichler BJ, Griessinger CM. Visualization and quantification of in vivo homing kinetics of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in primary and metastatic cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:5869-5885. [PMID: 31534525 PMCID: PMC6735369 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immunosuppressive cells of the myeloid compartment and major players in the tumor microenvironment (TME). With increasing numbers of studies describing MDSC involvement in cancer immune escape, cancer metastasis and the dampening of immunotherapy responses, MDSCs are of high interest in current cancer therapy research. Although heavily investigated in the last decades, the in vivo migration dynamics of MDSC subpopulations in tumor- or metastases-bearing mice have not yet been studied extensively. Therefore, we have modified our previously reported intracellular cell labeling method and applied it to in vitro generated MDSCs for the quantitative in vivo monitoring of MDSC migration in primary and metastatic cancer. MDSC migration to primary cancers was further correlated to the frequency of endogenous MDSCs. Methods: Utilizing a 64Cu-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-triacetic acid (NOTA)-modified CD11b-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) (clone M1/70), we were able to label in vitro generated polymorphonuclear (PMN-) and monocytic (M-) MDSCs for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Radiolabeled PMN- and M-MDSCs ([64Cu]PMN-MDSCs and [64Cu]M-MDSCs, respectively) were then adoptively transferred into primary and metastatic MMTV-PyMT-derived (PyMT-) breast cancer- and B16F10 melanoma-bearing experimental animals, and static PET and anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired 3, 24 and 48 h post cell injection. Results: The internalization of the [64Cu]NOTA-mAb-CD11b-complex was completed within 3 h, providing moderately stable radiolabeling with little detrimental effect on cell viability and function as determined by Annexin-V staining and T cell suppression in flow cytometric assays. Further, we could non-invasively and quantitatively monitor the migration and tumor homing of both [64Cu]NOTA-αCD11b-mAb-labeled PMN- and M-MDSCs in mouse models of primary and metastatic breast cancer and melanoma by PET. We were able to visualize and quantify an increased migration of adoptively transferred [64Cu]M-MDSCs than [64Cu]PMN-MDSCs to primary breast cancer lesions. The frequency of endogenous MDSCs in the PyMT breast cancer and B16F10 melanoma model correlated to the uptake values of adoptively transferred MDSCs with higher frequencies of PMN- and M-MDSCs in the more aggressive B16F10 melanoma tumors. Moreover, aggressively growing melanomas and melanoma-metastatic lesions recruited higher percentages of both [64Cu]PMN- and [64Cu]M-MDSCs than primary and metastatic breast cancer lesions as early as 24 h post adoptive MDSC transfer, indicating an overall stronger recruitment of cancer-promoting immunosuppressive MDSCs. Conclusion: Targeting of the cell surface integrin CD11b with a radioactive mAb is feasible for labeling of murine MDSCs for PET imaging. Fast internalization of the [64Cu]NOTA-αCD11b-mAb provides presumably enhanced stability while cell viability and functionality was not significantly affected. Moreover, utilization of the CD11b-specific mAb allows for straightforward adaptation of the labeling approach for in vivo molecular imaging of other myeloid cells of interest in cancer therapy, including monocytes, macrophages or neutrophils.
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26
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Xu J, Xie S, Zhang X, Tao W, Yang J, Zhao Z, Weng F, Huang Q, Yi F, Peng Q. A preclinical PET detector constructed with a monolithic scintillator ring. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:155009. [PMID: 31239424 PMCID: PMC6692080 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab2ca4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a unique preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) detector constructed with a monolithic scintillator ring (MSR) and two rings of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). The inner diameter, outer diameter and length of the MSR were 48.5 mm, 58.5 mm, and 25.1 mm, respectively. The two SiPM rings, constructed with 46 SiPMs, were air-coupled to the two ends of the MSR detector. The center of gravity (COG) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods were adapted to decode the positions of the gamma interactions in the circumferential (θ) and axial (Z) directions, respectively. Collimating systems, consisting of a tungsten collimator and a high-precision displacement and rotating platform, were constructed to assess the decoding accuracies of the MSR detector in both θ and Z directions. The average intrinsic full-width half maximums (FWHMs) and mean absolute errors (MAEs) of the decoding accuracies were 0.94 mm and 0.33 mm in the circumferential direction, 2.45 mm and 1.08 mm in the axial direction. An energy resolution of 10.7% was measured at 511 keV. The scintillating photons generated by a pair of coincidence gamma photons overlap with each other, and cause circumferential parallax errors in the lines of response (LOR). The experimental results show that the average FWHM errors in the θ direction increased slightly from 0.94 mm to 1.14 mm when Δθ of the two single events was larger than 70°. The imaging performance of the MSR detector was also initially assessed with a Derenzo phantom filled with 18F-FDG. The rods with a diameter larger than 1.2 mm can be resolved. The energy resolutions were 12.3% at 511 keV (single events), and 11.4% at 1022 keV (coincidence events). We concluded that it is feasible to construct the high-performance preclinical PET scanners using one or multiple MSR detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siwei Xie
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijie Tao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingwu Yang
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fenghua Weng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fei Yi
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiyu Peng
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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27
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Mannheim JG, Mamach M, Reder S, Traxl A, Mucha N, Disselhorst JA, Mittelhäuser M, Kuntner C, Thackeray JT, Ziegler S, Wanek T, Bankstahl JP, Pichler BJ. Reproducibility and Comparability of Preclinical PET Imaging Data: A Multicenter Small-Animal PET Study. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1483-1491. [PMID: 30850496 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.221994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The standardization of preclinical imaging is a key factor to ensure the reliability, reproducibility, validity, and translatability of preclinical data. Preclinical standardization has been slowly progressing in recent years and has mainly been performed within a single institution, whereas little has been done in regards to multicenter standardization between facilities. This study aimed to investigate the comparability among preclinical imaging facilities in terms of PET data acquisition and analysis. In the first step, basic PET scans were obtained in 4 different preclinical imaging facilities to compare their standard imaging protocol for 18F-FDG. In the second step, the influence of the personnel performing the experiments and the experimental equipment used in the experiment were compared. In the third step, the influence of the image analysis on the reproducibility and comparability of the acquired data was determined. Distinct differences in the uptake behavior of the 4 standard imaging protocols were determined for the investigated organs (brain, left ventricle, liver, and muscle) due to different animal handling procedures before and during the scans (e.g., fasting vs. nonfasting, glucose levels, temperature regulation vs. constant temperature warming). Significant differences in the uptake behavior in the brain were detected when the same imaging protocol was used but executed by different personnel and using different experimental animal handling equipment. An influence of the person analyzing the data was detected for most of the organs, when the volumes of interest were manually drawn by the investigators. Coregistration of the PET to an MR image and drawing the volume of interest based on anatomic information yielded reproducible results among investigators. It has been demonstrated that there is a huge demand for standardization among multiple institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia G Mannheim
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany .,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Mamach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sybille Reder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Alexander Traxl
- Biomedical Systems, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; and
| | - Natalie Mucha
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Disselhorst
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Mittelhäuser
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Kuntner
- Biomedical Systems, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; and
| | - James T Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sibylle Ziegler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Biomedical Systems, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; and
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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28
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Fruhwirth GO, Kneilling M, de Vries IJM, Weigelin B, Srinivas M, Aarntzen EHJG. The Potential of In Vivo Imaging for Optimization of Molecular and Cellular Anti-cancer Immunotherapies. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:696-704. [PMID: 30030697 PMCID: PMC6153672 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to emphasize the potential of in vivo imaging to optimize current and upcoming anti-cancer immunotherapies: spanning from preclinical to clinical applications. Immunotherapies are an emerging class of treatments for a variety of diseases. The agents include molecular and cellular therapeutics, which aim to treat the disease through re-education of the host immune system, often via complex mechanisms of action. In vivo imaging has the potential to contribute in several different ways: (1) as a drug development tool to improve our understanding of their complex mechanisms of action, (2) as a tool to predict efficacy, for example, to stratify patients into probable responders and likely non-responders, and (3) as a non-invasive treatment response biomarker to guide efficient immunotherapy use and to recognize early signs of potential loss of efficacy or resistance in patients. Areas where in vivo imaging is already successfully implemented in onco-immunology research will be discussed and domains where its use offers great potential will be highlighted. The focus of this article is on anti-cancer immunotherapy as it currently is the most advanced immunotherapy area. However, the described concepts can also be paralleled in other immune-mediated disorders and for conditions requiring immunotherapeutic intervention. Importantly, we introduce a new study group within the European Society of Molecular Imaging with the goal to facilitate and enhance immunotherapy development through the use of in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert O Fruhwirth
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings' College London, London, UK
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bettina Weigelin
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Koch Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mangala Srinivas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Lehners M, Dobrowinski H, Feil S, Feil R. cGMP Signaling and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5020020. [PMID: 29671769 PMCID: PMC6023364 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP regulates multiple cell types and functions of the cardiovascular system. This review summarizes the effects of cGMP on the growth and survival of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which display remarkable phenotypic plasticity during the development of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that VSMCs contribute to the development of atherosclerotic plaques by clonal expansion and transdifferentiation to macrophage-like cells. VSMCs express a variety of cGMP generators and effectors, including NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI), respectively. According to the traditional view, cGMP inhibits VSMC proliferation, but this concept has been challenged by recent findings supporting a stimulatory effect of the NO-cGMP-cGKI axis on VSMC growth. Here, we summarize the relevant studies with a focus on VSMC growth regulation by the NO-cGMP-cGKI pathway in cultured VSMCs and mouse models of atherosclerosis, restenosis, and angiogenesis. We discuss potential reasons for inconsistent results, such as the use of genetic versus pharmacological approaches and primary versus subcultured cells. We also explore how modern methods for cGMP imaging and cell tracking could help to improve our understanding of cGMP’s role in vascular plasticity. We present a revised model proposing that cGMP promotes phenotypic switching of contractile VSMCs to VSMC-derived plaque cells in atherosclerotic lesions. Regulation of vascular remodeling by cGMP is not only an interesting new therapeutic strategy, but could also result in side effects of clinically used cGMP-elevating drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Lehners
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Hyazinth Dobrowinski
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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30
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Wei W, Jiang D, Ehlerding EB, Luo Q, Cai W. Noninvasive PET Imaging of T cells. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:359-373. [PMID: 29709260 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly evolving field of cancer immunotherapy recently saw the approval of several new therapeutic antibodies. Several cell therapies, for example, chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T cells (CAR-T), are currently in clinical trials for a variety of cancers and other diseases. However, approaches to monitor changes in the immune status of tumors or to predict therapeutic responses are limited. Monitoring lymphocytes from whole blood or biopsies does not provide dynamic and spatial information about T cells in heterogeneous tumors. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using probes specific for T cells can noninvasively monitor systemic and intratumoral immune alterations during experimental therapies and may have an important and expanding value in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China; Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Emily B Ehlerding
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Quanyong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
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31
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PET Assessment of Immune Cell Activity and Therapeutic Monitoring Following Myocardial Infarction. Curr Cardiol Rep 2018; 20:13. [DOI: 10.1007/s11886-018-0955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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