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Tolnai S, Weiß M, Beutelmann R, Bankstahl JP, Bovee S, Ross TL, Berding G, Klump GM. Age-Related Deficits in Binaural Hearing: Contribution of Peripheral and Central Effects. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0963222024. [PMID: 38395618 PMCID: PMC11026345 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0963-22.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pure-tone audiograms often poorly predict elderly humans' ability to communicate in everyday complex acoustic scenes. Binaural processing is crucial for discriminating sound sources in such complex acoustic scenes. The compromised perception of communication signals presented above hearing threshold has been linked to both peripheral and central age-related changes in the auditory system. Investigating young and old Mongolian gerbils of both sexes, an established model for human hearing, we demonstrate age-related supra-threshold deficits in binaural hearing using behavioral, electrophysiological, anatomical, and imaging methods. Binaural processing ability was measured as the binaural masking level difference (BMLD), an established measure in human psychophysics. We tested gerbils behaviorally with "virtual headphones," recorded single-unit responses in the auditory midbrain and evaluated gross midbrain and cortical responses using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Furthermore, we obtained additional measures of auditory function based on auditory brainstem responses, auditory-nerve synapse counts, and evidence for central inhibitory processing revealed by PET. BMLD deteriorates already in middle-aged animals having normal audiometric thresholds and is even worse in old animals with hearing loss. The magnitude of auditory brainstem response measures related to auditory-nerve function and binaural processing in the auditory brainstem also deteriorate. Furthermore, central GABAergic inhibition is affected by age. Because the number of synapses in the apical turn of the inner ear was not reduced in middle-aged animals, we conclude that peripheral synaptopathy contributes little to binaural processing deficits. Exploratory analyses suggest increased hearing thresholds, altered binaural processing in the brainstem and changed central GABAergic inhibition as potential contributors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tolnai
- Animal Physiology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Oldenburg 26111, Germany
| | - Mariella Weiß
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover 30625, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- The Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Rainer Beutelmann
- Animal Physiology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Oldenburg 26111, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Sonny Bovee
- Animal Physiology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Oldenburg 26111, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Georg Berding
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover 30625, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Georg M Klump
- Animal Physiology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Oldenburg 26111, Germany
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Behrends W, Ahrens D, Bankstahl JP, Esser KH, Paasche G, Lenarz T, Scheper V. Refinement of systemic guinea pig deafening in hearing research: Sensorineural hearing loss induced by co-administration of kanamycin and furosemide via the leg veins. Lab Anim 2023; 57:631-641. [PMID: 37070340 DOI: 10.1177/00236772231167679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Auditory disabilities have a large impact on the human population worldwide. Research into understanding and treating hearing disabilities has increased significantly in recent years. One of the most relevant animal species in this context is the guinea pig, which has to be deafened to study several of the hearing pathologies and develop novel therapies. Applying kanamycin subcutaneously and furosemide intravenously is a long-established method in hearing research, leading to permanent hearing loss without surgical intervention at the ear. The intravenous application of furosemide requires invasive surgery in the cervical area of the animals to expose the jugular vein, since a relatively large volume (1 ml per 500 g body weight) must be injected over a period of about 2.5 min. We have established a gentler alternative by applying the furosemide by puncture of the leg veins. For this, custom-made cannula-needle devices were built to allow the vein puncture and subsequent slow injection of the furosemide. This approach was tested in 11 guinea pigs through the foreleg via the cephalic antebrachial vein and through the hind leg via the saphenous vein. Frequency-specific hearing thresholds were measured before and after the procedure to verify normal hearing and successful deafening, respectively. The novel approach of systemic deafening was successfully implemented in 10 out of 11 animals. The Vena saphena was best suited to the application. Since the animals' condition, post leg vein application, was better in comparison to animals deafened by exposure of the Vena jugularis, the postulated refinement that reduced animal stress was deemed successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Behrends
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Auditory Neuroethology and Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Germany
| | - Daniel Ahrens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Esser
- Auditory Neuroethology and Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Germany
| | - Gerrit Paasche
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Hearing4all Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Hearing4all Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Verena Scheper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Hearing4all Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Polyak A, Harting H, Angrisani N, Herrmann T, Ehlert N, Meißner J, Willmann M, Al-Bazaz S, Ross TL, Bankstahl JP, Reifenrath J. Preparation and PET/CT imaging of implant directed 68Ga-labeled magnetic nanoporous silica nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:270. [PMID: 37592318 PMCID: PMC10433681 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implant infections caused by biofilm forming bacteria are a major threat in orthopedic surgery. Delivering antibiotics directly to an implant affected by a bacterial biofilm via superparamagnetic nanoporous silica nanoparticles could present a promising approach. Nevertheless, short blood circulation half-life because of rapid interactions of nanoparticles with the host's immune system hinder them from being clinically used. The aim of this study was to determine the temporal in vivo resolution of magnetic nanoporous silica nanoparticle (MNPSNP) distribution and the effect of PEGylation and clodronate application using PET/CT imaging and gamma counting in an implant mouse model. METHODS PEGylated and non-PEGylated MNPSNPs were radiolabeled with gallium-68 (68Ga), implementing the chelator tris(hydroxypyridinone). 36 mice were included in the study, 24 mice received a magnetic implant subcutaneously on the left and a titanium implant on the right hind leg. MNPSNP pharmacokinetics and implant accumulation was analyzed in dependence on PEGylation and additional clodronate application. Subsequently gamma counting was performed for further final analysis. RESULTS The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of all radiolabeled nanoparticles could clearly be visualized and followed by dynamic PET/CT imaging. Both variants of 68Ga-labeled MNPSNP accumulated mainly in liver and spleen. PEGylation of the nanoparticles already resulted in lower liver uptakes. Combination with macrophage depletion led to a highly significant effect whereas macrophage depletion alone could not reveal significant differences. Although MNPSNP accumulation around implants was low in comparison to the inner organs in PET/CT imaging, gamma counting displayed a significantly higher %I.D./g for the tissue surrounding the magnetic implants compared to the titanium control. Additional PEGylation and/or macrophage depletion revealed no significant differences regarding nanoparticle accumulation at the implantation site. CONCLUSION Tracking of 68Ga-labeled nanoparticles in a mouse model in the first critical hours post-injection by PET/CT imaging provided a better understanding of MNPSNP distribution, elimination and accumulation. Although PEGylation increases circulation time, nanoparticle accumulation at the implantation site was still insufficient for infection treatment and additional efforts are needed to increase local accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Polyak
- NIFE - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heidi Harting
- NIFE - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nina Angrisani
- NIFE - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Timo Herrmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nina Ehlert
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jessica Meißner
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Willmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silav Al-Bazaz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janin Reifenrath
- NIFE - Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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van Vliet EA, Immonen R, Prager O, Friedman A, Bankstahl JP, Wright DK, O'Brien TJ, Potschka H, Gröhn O, Harris NG. A companion to the preclinical common data elements and case report forms for in vivo rodent neuroimaging: A report of the TASK3-WG3 Neuroimaging Working Group of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force. Epilepsia Open 2022. [PMID: 35962745 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The International League Against Epilepsy/American Epilepsy Society (ILAE/AES) Joint Translational Task Force established the TASK3 working groups to create common data elements (CDEs) for various aspects of preclinical epilepsy research studies, which could help improve the standardization of experimental designs. In this article, we discuss CDEs for neuroimaging data that are collected in rodent models of epilepsy, with a focus on adult rats and mice. We provide detailed CDE tables and case report forms (CRFs), and with this companion manuscript, we discuss the methodologies for several imaging modalities and the parameters that can be collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin A van Vliet
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riikka Immonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ofer Prager
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Friedman
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Medical Neuroscience and Brain Repair Center, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heidrun Potschka
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Olli Gröhn
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Neil G Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery UCLA, UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Bascuñana P, Wolf BJ, Jahreis I, Brackhan M, García-García L, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging reveals brain hypoperfusion during status epilepticus. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2597-2602. [PMID: 34570340 PMCID: PMC8580894 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a clinical emergency with high mortality. SE can trigger neuronal death or injury and alteration of neuronal networks resulting in long-term cognitive decline or epilepsy. Among the multiple factors contributing to this damage, imbalance between oxygen and glucose requirements and brain perfusion during SE has been proposed. Herein, we aimed to quantify by neuroimaging the spatiotemporal course of brain perfusion during and after lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE in rats. To this purpose, animals underwent 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging at different time points during and after SE using a small animal SPECT/CT system. 99mTc-HMPAO regional uptake was normalized to the injected dose. In addition, voxel-based statistical parametric mapping was performed. SPECT imaging showed an increase of cortical perfusion before clinical seizure activity onset followed by regional hypo-perfusion starting with the first convulsive seizure and during SE. Twenty-four hours after SE, brain 99mTc-HMPAO uptake was widely decreased. Finally, chronic epileptic animals showed regionally decreased perfusion affecting hippocampus and cortical sub-regions. Despite elevated energy and oxygen requirements, brain hypo-perfusion is present during SE. Our results suggest that insufficient compensation of required blood flow might contribute to neuronal damage and neuroinflammation, and ultimately to chronic epilepsy generated by SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bettina J Wolf
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Jahreis I, Bascuñana P, Ross TL, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M. Choice of anesthesia and data analysis method strongly increases sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET imaging during experimental epileptogenesis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260482. [PMID: 34818362 PMCID: PMC8612569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Alterations in brain glucose metabolism detected by 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) may serve as an early predictive biomarker and treatment target for epileptogenesis. Here, we aimed to investigate changes in cerebral glucose metabolism before induction of epileptogenesis, during epileptogenesis as well as during chronic epilepsy. As anesthesia is usually unavoidable for preclinical PET imaging and influences the distribution of the radiotracer, four different protocols were compared. Procedures We investigated 18F-FDG uptake phase in conscious rats followed by a static scan as well as dynamic scans under continuous isoflurane, medetomidine-midazolam-fentanyl (MMF), or propofol anesthesia. Furthermore, we applied different analysis approaches: atlas-based regional analysis, statistical parametric mapping, and kinetic analysis. Results At baseline and compared to uptake in conscious rats, isoflurane and propofol anesthesia resulted in decreased cortical 18F-FDG uptake while MMF anesthesia led to a globally decreased tracer uptake. During epileptogenesis, MMF anesthesia was clearly best distinctive for visualization of prominently increased glucometabolism in epilepsy-related brain areas. Kinetic modeling further increased sensitivity, particularly for continuous isoflurane anesthesia. During chronic epilepsy, hypometabolism affecting more or less the whole brain was detectable with all protocols. Conclusion This study reveals evaluation of anesthesia protocols for preclinical 18F-FDG PET imaging as a critical step in the study design. Together with an appropriate data analysis workflow, the chosen anesthesia protocol may uncover otherwise concealed disease-associated regional glucometabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L. Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P. Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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Peukert C, Langer LNB, Wegener SM, Tutov A, Bankstahl JP, Karge B, Bengel FM, Ross TL, Brönstrup M. Optimization of Artificial Siderophores as 68Ga-Complexed PET Tracers for In Vivo Imaging of Bacterial Infections. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12359-12378. [PMID: 34370949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of bacterial infections at deep body sites benefits from noninvasive imaging of molecular probes that can be traced by positron emission tomography (PET). We specifically labeled bacteria by targeting their iron transport system with artificial siderophores. The cyclen-based probes contain different binding sites for iron and the PET nuclide gallium-68. A panel of 11 siderophores with different iron coordination numbers and geometries was synthesized in up to 8 steps, and candidates with the best siderophore potential were selected by a growth recovery assay. The probes [68Ga]7 and [68Ga]15 were found to be suitable for PET imaging based on their radiochemical yield, radiochemical purity, and complex stability in vitro and in vivo. Both showed significant uptake in mice infected with Escherichia coli and were able to discern infection from lipopolysaccharide-triggered, sterile inflammation. The study qualifies cyclen-based artificial siderophores as readily accessible scaffolds for the in vivo imaging of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Peukert
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura N B Langer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophie M Wegener
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Tutov
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bianka Karge
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Center for Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Polyak A, Bankstahl JP, Besecke KFW, Hozsa C, Triebert W, Pannem RR, Manstein F, Borcholte T, Furch M, Zweigerdt R, Gieseler RK, Bengel FM, Ross TL. Simplified 89Zr-Labeling Protocol of Oxine (8-Hydroxyquinoline) Enabling Prolonged Tracking of Liposome-Based Nanomedicines and Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071097. [PMID: 34371788 PMCID: PMC8309181 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a method for the preparation of the highly lipophilic labeling synthon [89Zr]Zr(oxinate)4 was optimized for the radiolabeling of liposomes and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The aim was to establish a robust and reliable labeling protocol for enabling up to one week positron emission tomography (PET) tracing of lipid-based nanomedicines and transplanted or injected cells, respectively. [89Zr]Zr(oxinate)4 was prepared from oxine (8-hydroxyquinoline) and [89Zr]Zr(OH)2(C2O4). Earlier introduced liquid-liquid extraction methods were simplified by the optimization of buffering, pH, temperature and reaction times. For quality control, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and centrifugation were employed. Subsequently, the 89Zr-complex was incorporated into liposome formulations. PET/CT imaging of 89Zr-labeled liposomes was performed in healthy mice. Cell labeling was accomplished in PBS using suspensions of 3 × 106 hiPSCs, each. [89Zr]Zr(oxinate)4 was synthesized in very high radiochemical yields of 98.7% (96.8% ± 2.8%). Similarly, high internalization rates (≥90%) of [89Zr]Zr(oxinate)4 into liposomes were obtained over an 18 h incubation period. MicroPET and biodistribution studies confirmed the labeled nanocarriers' in vivo stability. Human iPSCs incorporated the labeling agent within 30 min with ~50% efficiency. Prolonged PET imaging is an ideal tool in the development of lipid-based nanocarriers for drug delivery and cell therapies. To this end, a reliable and reproducible 89Zr radiolabeling method was developed and tested successfully in a model liposome system and in hiPSCs alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Polyak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.P.B.); (F.M.B.); (T.L.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jens P. Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.P.B.); (F.M.B.); (T.L.R.)
| | - Karen F. W. Besecke
- Rodos Biotarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.F.W.B.); (C.H.); (R.R.P.); (T.B.); (M.F.); (R.K.G.)
- SolMic BioTech GmbH, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constantin Hozsa
- Rodos Biotarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.F.W.B.); (C.H.); (R.R.P.); (T.B.); (M.F.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Wiebke Triebert
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), 30625 Hannover, Germany; (W.T.); (F.M.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rajeswara Rao Pannem
- Rodos Biotarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.F.W.B.); (C.H.); (R.R.P.); (T.B.); (M.F.); (R.K.G.)
- Bioloving GmbH & Co KG, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Manstein
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), 30625 Hannover, Germany; (W.T.); (F.M.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Borcholte
- Rodos Biotarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.F.W.B.); (C.H.); (R.R.P.); (T.B.); (M.F.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Marcus Furch
- Rodos Biotarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.F.W.B.); (C.H.); (R.R.P.); (T.B.); (M.F.); (R.K.G.)
- SolMic BioTech GmbH, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Bioloving GmbH & Co KG, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), 30625 Hannover, Germany; (W.T.); (F.M.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert K. Gieseler
- Rodos Biotarget GmbH, Medical Park Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.F.W.B.); (C.H.); (R.R.P.); (T.B.); (M.F.); (R.K.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biology, University Hospital, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Frank M. Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.P.B.); (F.M.B.); (T.L.R.)
| | - Tobias L. Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.P.B.); (F.M.B.); (T.L.R.)
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9
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Langer LB, Hess A, Korkmaz Z, Tillmanns J, Reffert LM, Bankstahl JP, Bengel FM, Thackeray JT, Ross TL. Molecular imaging of fibroblast activation protein after myocardial infarction using the novel radiotracer [ 68Ga]MHLL1. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:7755-7766. [PMID: 34335962 PMCID: PMC8315078 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) evokes an organized remodeling process characterized by the activation and transdifferentiation of quiescent cardiac fibroblasts to generate a stable collagen rich scar. Early fibroblast activation may be amenable to targeted therapy, but is challenging to identify in vivo. We aimed to non-invasively image active fibrosis by targeting the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expressed by activated (myo)fibroblasts, using a novel positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand [68Ga]MHLL1 after acute MI. Methods: One-step chemical synthesis and manual as well as module-based radiolabeling yielded [68Ga]MHLL1. Binding characteristics were evaluated in murine and human FAP-transfected cells, and stability tested in human serum. Biodistribution in healthy animals was interrogated by dynamic PET imaging, and metabolites were measured in blood and urine. The temporal pattern of FAP expression was determined by serial PET imaging at 7 d and 21 d after coronary artery ligation in mice as percent injected dose per gram (%ID/g). PET measurements were validated by ex vivo autoradiography and immunostaining for FAP and inflammatory macrophages. Results: [68Ga]MHLL1 displayed specific uptake in murine and human FAP-positive cells (p = 0.0208). In healthy mice the tracer exhibited favorable imaging characteristics, with low blood pool retention and dominantly renal clearance. At 7 d after coronary artery ligation, [68Ga]MHLL1 uptake was elevated in the infarct relative to the non-infarcted remote myocardium (1.3 ± 0.3 vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 %ID/g, p < 0.001) which persisted to 21 d after MI (1.3 ± 0.4 vs. 1.1 ± 0.4 %ID/g, p = 0.013). Excess unlabeled compound blocked tracer accumulation in both infarct and non-infarct remote myocardium regions (p < 0.001). Autoradiography and histology confirmed the regional uptake of [68Ga]MHLL1 in the infarct and especially border zone regions, as identified by Masson trichrome collagen staining. Immunostaining further delineated persistent FAP expression at 7 d and 21 d post-MI in the border zone, consistent with tracer distribution in vivo. Conclusion: The simplified synthesis of [68Ga]MHLL1 bears promise for non-invasive characterization of fibroblast activation protein early in remodeling after MI.
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10
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Wirth A, Wolf B, Huang CK, Glage S, Hofer SJ, Bankstahl M, Bär C, Thum T, Kahl KG, Sigrist SJ, Madeo F, Bankstahl JP, Ponimaskin E. Novel aspects of age-protection by spermidine supplementation are associated with preserved telomere length. GeroScience 2021; 43:673-690. [PMID: 33517527 PMCID: PMC8110654 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing provokes a plethora of molecular, cellular and physiological deteriorations, including heart failure, neurodegeneration, metabolic maladaptation, telomere attrition and hair loss. Interestingly, on the molecular level, the capacity to induce autophagy, a cellular recycling and cleaning process, declines with age across a large spectrum of model organisms and is thought to be responsible for a subset of age-induced changes. Here, we show that a 6-month administration of the natural autophagy inducer spermidine in the drinking water to aged mice is sufficient to significantly attenuate distinct age-associated phenotypes. These include modulation of brain glucose metabolism, suppression of distinct cardiac inflammation parameters, decreased number of pathological sights in kidney and liver and decrease of age-induced hair loss. Interestingly, spermidine-mediated age protection was associated with decreased telomere attrition, arguing in favour of a novel cellular mechanism behind the anti-ageing effects of spermidine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wirth
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bettina Wolf
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cheng-Kai Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/EG, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai G Kahl
- Dept. of Psychiatry; Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan J Sigrist
- Freie University Berlin, Institute of Biology, Takusstraße 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/EG, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin ave. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603950.
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11
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Wolf BJ, Brackhan M, Bascuñana P, Leiter I, Langer BLN, Ross TL, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M. TSPO PET Identifies Different Anti-inflammatory Minocycline Treatment Response in Two Rodent Models of Epileptogenesis. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1228-1238. [PMID: 31970667 PMCID: PMC7609777 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epileptogenesis-associated brain inflammation might be a promising target to prevent or attenuate epileptogenesis. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) was applied here to quantify effects of different dosing regimens of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline during the latent phase in two rodent models of epileptogenesis. After induction of epileptogenesis by status epilepticus (SE), rats were treated with minocycline for 7 days (25 or 50 mg/kg) and mice for 5 or 10 days (50 or 100 mg/kg). All animals were subjected to scans at 1 and 2 weeks post-SE. Radiotracer distribution was analyzed and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was performed, as well as histological analysis of astroglial activation and neuronal cell loss. Atlas-based analysis of [18F]GE180 PET in rats revealed a dose-dependent regional decrease of TSPO expression at 2 weeks post-SE. Results of SPM analysis depicted a treatment effect already at 1 week post-SE in rats treated with the higher minocycline dose. In mice, TSPO PET imaging did not reveal any treatment effects whereas histology identified only a treatment-related reduction in dispersion of dentate gyrus neurons. TSPO PET served as an auspicious tool for temporal monitoring and quantification of anti-inflammatory effects during epileptogenesis. Importantly, the findings underline the need to applying more than one animal model to avoid missing treatment effects. For future studies, the setup is ready to be applied in combination with seizure monitoring to investigate the relationship between individual early treatment response and disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina J Wolf
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Section of Neuropathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Leiter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Laura N Langer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Bascuñana P, Thackeray JT, Bankstahl M, Bengel FM, Bankstahl JP. Anesthesia and Preconditioning Induced Changes in Mouse Brain [ 18F] FDG Uptake and Kinetics. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:1089-1096. [PMID: 30859471 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) has been widely used for imaging brain metabolism. Tracer injection in anesthetized animals is a prerequisite for performing dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scanning. Since preconditioning, as well as anesthesia, has been described to potentially influence brain [18F] FDG levels, this study evaluated how these variables globally and regionally affect both [18F] FDG uptake and kinetics in murine brain. PROCEDURES Sixty-minute dynamic [18F] FDG PET scans were performed in adult male C57BL/6 mice anesthetized with isoflurane [control (in 100 % O2), in medical air, in 100 % O2 + insulin pre-treatment, and in 100 % O2 after 18 h fasting], ketamine/xylazine, sevoflurane, and chloral hydrate. An additional group was scanned after awake uptake. Blood glucose levels were determined, and data was analyzed by comparing percent injected dose per cc tissue (%ID/cc) and glucose influx rate and metabolic rate (MRGlu) calculated by Patlak plot. RESULTS Ketamine/xylazine and chloral hydrate anesthesia induced a lower whole-brain uptake of [18F] FDG (2.86 ± 0.67 %ID/cc, p < 0.001; 4.25 ± 0.28 %ID/cc, p = 0.0179, respectively) compared to isoflurane anesthesia (5.04 ± 0.19 %ID/cc). In addition, protocols affected differently distribution of [18F] FDG uptake in brain regions. Ketamine/xylazine reduced [18F] FDG influx rate in murine brain (0.0135 ± 0.0009 vs 0.0247 ± 0.0014 ml/g/min; p < 0.005) and chloral hydrate increased MRGlu (66.72 ± 3.75 vs 41.55 ± 3.06 μmol/min/100 ml; p < 0.01) compared to isoflurane. Insulin-pretreated animals showed a higher influx rate (0.0477 ± 0.0101 ml/min/g; p < 0.05) but a reduced MRGlu (21.92 ± 3.12 μmol/min/100 ml; p < 0.01). Blood glucose levels were negatively correlated to [18F] FDG uptake and influx rate, but positively correlated to MRGlu. CONCLUSIONS Choice of anesthesia and pre-conditioning affect not only [18F] FDG uptake but also kinetics and regional distribution in the mouse brain. Both anesthesia and pre-conditioning should be carefully considered in the interpretation of [18F] FDG studies due to its great influence on the uptake and distribution of the tracer along the brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - James T Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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13
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Bascuñana P, Brackhan M, Leiter I, Keller H, Jahreis I, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. Divergent metabolic substrate utilization in brain during epileptogenesis precedes chronic hypometabolism. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:204-213. [PMID: 30375913 PMCID: PMC6928550 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18809886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in metabolism during epileptogenesis may be a therapy target. Recently, an increase in amino acid transport into the brain was proposed to play a role in epileptogenesis. We aimed to characterize alterations of substrate utilization during epileptogenesis and in chronic epilepsy. The lithium-pilocarpine post status epilepticus (SE) rat model was used. We performed longitudinal O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine (18F-FET) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and calculated 18F-FET volume of distribution (Vt) and 18F-FDG uptake. Correlation analyses were performed with translocator protein-PET defined neuroinflammation from previously acquired data. We found reduced 18F-FET Vt at 48 h after SE (amygdala: -30.2%, p = 0.014), whereas 18F-FDG showed increased glucose uptake 4 and 24 h after SE (hippocampus: + 43.6% and +42.5%, respectively; p < 0.001) returning to baseline levels thereafter. In chronic epileptic animals, we found a reduction in 18F-FET and 18F-FDG in the hippocampus. No correlation was found for 18F-FET or 18F-FDG to microglial activation at seven days post SE. Whereas metabolic alterations do not reflect higher metabolism associated to activated microglia, they might be partially driven by chronic neuronal loss. However, both metabolisms diverge during early epileptogenesis, pointing to amino acid turnover as a possible biomarker and/or therapeutic target for epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Leiter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Keller
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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14
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Schidlitzki A, Bascuñana P, Srivastava PK, Welzel L, Twele F, Töllner K, Käufer C, Gericke B, Feleke R, Meier M, Polyak A, Ross TL, Gerhauser I, Bankstahl JP, Johnson MR, Bankstahl M, Löscher W. Proof-of-concept that network pharmacology is effective to modify development of acquired temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104664. [PMID: 31678583 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex network phenomenon that, as yet, cannot be prevented or cured. We recently proposed network-based approaches to prevent epileptogenesis. For proof of concept we combined two drugs (levetiracetam and topiramate) for which in silico analysis of drug-protein interaction networks indicated a synergistic effect on a large functional network of epilepsy-relevant proteins. Using the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy, the drug combination was administered during the latent period before onset of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS). When SRS were periodically recorded by video-EEG monitoring after termination of treatment, a significant decrease in incidence and frequency of SRS was determined, indicating antiepileptogenic efficacy. Such efficacy was not observed following single drug treatment. Furthermore, a combination of levetiracetam and phenobarbital, for which in silico analysis of drug-protein interaction networks did not indicate any significant drug-drug interaction, was not effective to modify development of epilepsy. Surprisingly, the promising antiepileptogenic effect of the levetiracetam/topiramate combination was obtained in the absence of any significant neuroprotective or anti-inflammatory effects as indicated by multimodal brain imaging and histopathology. High throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of the ipsilateral hippocampus of mice treated with the levetiracetam/topiramate combination showed that several genes that have been linked previously to epileptogenesis, were significantly differentially expressed, providing interesting entry points for future mechanistic studies. Overall, we have discovered a novel combination treatment with promise for prevention of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Schidlitzki
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Welzel
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Friederike Twele
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrin Töllner
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christopher Käufer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Birthe Gericke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rahel Feleke
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Meier
- Central Animal Facility & Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andras Polyak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Ingo Gerhauser
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany; Central Animal Facility & Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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15
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Bascuñana P, Gendron T, Sander K, Jahreis I, Polyak A, Ross TL, Bankstahl M, Arstad E, Bankstahl JP. Ex vivo characterization of neuroinflammatory and neuroreceptor changes during epileptogenesis using candidate positron emission tomography biomarkers. Epilepsia 2019; 60:2325-2333. [PMID: 31571210 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identification of patients at risk of developing epilepsy before the first spontaneous seizure may promote the development of preventive treatment providing opportunity to stop or slow down the disease. METHODS As development of novel radiotracers and on-site setup of existing radiotracers is highly time-consuming and expensive, we used dual-centre in vitro autoradiography as an approach to characterize the potential of innovative radiotracers in the context of epilepsy development. Using brain slices from the same group of rats, we aimed to characterise the evolution of neuroinflammation and expression of inhibitory and excitatory neuroreceptors during epileptogenesis using translational positron emission tomography (PET) tracers; 18 F-flumazenil (18 F-FMZ; GABAA receptor), 18 F-FPEB (metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; mGluR5), 18 F-flutriciclamide (translocator protein; TSPO, microglia activation) and 18 F-deprenyl (monoamine oxidase B, astroglia activation). Autoradiography images from selected time points after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE; baseline, 24 and 48 hours, 5, 10 and 15 days and 6 and 12-14 weeks after SE) were normalized to a calibration curve, co-registered to an MRI-based 2D region-of-interest atlas, and activity concentration (Bq/mm2 ) was calculated. RESULTS In epileptogenesis-associated brain regions, 18 F-FMZ and 18 F-FPEB showed an early decrease after SE. 18 F-FMZ decrease was maintained in the latent phase and further reduced in the chronic epileptic animals, while 18 F-FPEB signal recovered from day 10, reaching baseline levels in chronic epilepsy. 18 F-flutriciclamide showed an increase of activated microglia at 24 hours after SE, peaking at 5-15 days and decreasing during the chronic phase. On the other hand, 18 F-deprenyl autoradiography showed late astrogliosis, peaking in the chronic phase. SIGNIFICANCE Autoradiography revealed different evolution of the selected targets during epileptogenesis. Our results suggest an advantage of combined imaging of inter-related targets like glutamate and GABAA receptors, or microglia and astrocyte activation, in order to identify important interactions, especially when using PET imaging for the evaluation of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thibault Gendron
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kerstin Sander
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ina Jahreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andras Polyak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Erik Arstad
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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16
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Grosse GM, Bascuñana P, Schulz-Schaeffer WJ, Teebken OE, Wilhelmi M, Worthmann H, Ross TL, Wester HJ, Kropf S, Derlin T, Bengel FM, Bankstahl JP, Weissenborn K. Targeting Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 and Translocator Protein for Characterization of High-Risk Plaque in Carotid Stenosis Ex Vivo. Stroke 2019; 49:1988-1991. [PMID: 30002148 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- This pilot study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of targeting molecular characteristics of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque in symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis (CS), that is, upregulation of the translocator protein (TSPO) and the chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), by means of molecular imaging. Methods- In a translational setting, specimens of carotid plaques of patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic CS obtained by carotid endarterectomy were analyzed for the presence of TSPO and CXCR4 by autoradiography, using the positron emission tomography tracers 18F-GE180 and 68Ga-Pentixafor and evaluated by histopathology. In addition, 68Ga-Pentixafor positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed in a patient with high-grade CS. Results- Distinct patterns of upregulation of TSPO (18F-GE180 uptake) and CXCR4 (68Ga-Pentixafor uptake) were identified in carotid plaque by autoradiography. The spatial distribution was associated with specific histological hallmarks that are established features of high-risk plaque: TSPO upregulation correlated with activated macrophages infiltration, whereas CXCR4 upregulation also corresponded to areas of intraplaque hemorrhage. 68Ga-Pentixafor uptake was significantly higher in plaques of symptomatic compared with asymptomatic CS. Clinical positron emission tomography revealed marked 68Ga-Pentixafor uptake in carotid plaque of a patient with high-grade CS. Conclusions- Clinical imaging of molecular signatures of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque is feasible and may become a promising diagnostic tool for comprehensive characterization of carotid disease. This methodology provides a platform for future studies targeting carotid plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.B., T.L.R., T.D., F.M.B., J.P.B.)
| | | | - Omke E Teebken
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation, and Vascular Surgery (O.E.T., M.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Peine, Germany (O.E.T.)
| | - Mathias Wilhelmi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation, and Vascular Surgery (O.E.T., M.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.B., T.L.R., T.D., F.M.B., J.P.B.)
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.)
| | - Saskia Kropf
- Scintomics GmbH, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany (S.K.)
| | - Thorsten Derlin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.B., T.L.R., T.D., F.M.B., J.P.B.)
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.B., T.L.R., T.D., F.M.B., J.P.B.)
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17
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Hetzel M, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Mucci A, Nguyen AHH, Suzuki T, Shima K, Buchegger T, Dettmer S, Rodt T, Bankstahl JP, Malik P, Knudsen L, Schambach A, Hansen G, Trapnell BC, Lachmann N, Moritz T. Effective hematopoietic stem cell-based gene therapy in a murine model of hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Haematologica 2019; 105:1147-1157. [PMID: 31289207 PMCID: PMC7109724 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.214866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to GM-CSF receptor deficiency (herPAP) constitutes a life-threatening lung disease characterized by alveolar deposition of surfactant protein secondary to defective alveolar macrophage function. As current therapeutic options are primarily symptomatic, we have explored the potential of hematopoietic stem cell-based gene therapy. Using Csf2rb-/- mice, a model closely reflecting the human herPAP disease phenotype, we here demonstrate robust pulmonary engraftment of an alveolar macrophage population following intravenous transplantation of lentivirally corrected hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Engraftment was associated with marked improvement of critical herPAP disease parameters, including bronchoalveolar fluid protein, cholesterol and cytokine levels, pulmonary density on computed tomography scans, pulmonary deposition of Periodic Acid-Schiff+ material as well as respiratory mechanics. These effects were stable for at least nine months. With respect to engraftment and alveolar macrophage differentiation kinetics, we demonstrate the rapid development of CD11c+/SiglecF+ cells in the lungs from a CD11c-/SiglecF+ progenitor population within four weeks after transplantation. Based on these data, we suggest hematopoietic stem cell-based gene therapy as an effective and cause-directed treatment approach for herPAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hetzel
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adele Mucci
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ariane Hai Ha Nguyen
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Shima
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Theresa Buchegger
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Dettmer
- Department of Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Rodt
- Department of Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Punam Malik
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Disease Institute (CBDI), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruce C Trapnell
- Translational Pulmonary Science Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Mannheim JG, Mamach M, Reder S, Traxl A, Mucha N, Disselhorst JA, Mittelhäuser M, Kuntner C, Thackeray JT, Ziegler S, Wanek T, Bankstahl JP, Pichler BJ. Reproducibility and Comparability of Preclinical PET Imaging Data: A Multicenter Small-Animal PET Study. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1483-1491. [PMID: 30850496 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.221994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The standardization of preclinical imaging is a key factor to ensure the reliability, reproducibility, validity, and translatability of preclinical data. Preclinical standardization has been slowly progressing in recent years and has mainly been performed within a single institution, whereas little has been done in regards to multicenter standardization between facilities. This study aimed to investigate the comparability among preclinical imaging facilities in terms of PET data acquisition and analysis. In the first step, basic PET scans were obtained in 4 different preclinical imaging facilities to compare their standard imaging protocol for 18F-FDG. In the second step, the influence of the personnel performing the experiments and the experimental equipment used in the experiment were compared. In the third step, the influence of the image analysis on the reproducibility and comparability of the acquired data was determined. Distinct differences in the uptake behavior of the 4 standard imaging protocols were determined for the investigated organs (brain, left ventricle, liver, and muscle) due to different animal handling procedures before and during the scans (e.g., fasting vs. nonfasting, glucose levels, temperature regulation vs. constant temperature warming). Significant differences in the uptake behavior in the brain were detected when the same imaging protocol was used but executed by different personnel and using different experimental animal handling equipment. An influence of the person analyzing the data was detected for most of the organs, when the volumes of interest were manually drawn by the investigators. Coregistration of the PET to an MR image and drawing the volume of interest based on anatomic information yielded reproducible results among investigators. It has been demonstrated that there is a huge demand for standardization among multiple institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia G Mannheim
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany .,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Mamach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sybille Reder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Alexander Traxl
- Biomedical Systems, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; and
| | - Natalie Mucha
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Disselhorst
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Mittelhäuser
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Kuntner
- Biomedical Systems, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; and
| | - James T Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sibylle Ziegler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Biomedical Systems, Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; and
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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19
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Kapanadze T, Bankstahl JP, Wittneben A, Koestner W, Ballmaier M, Gamrekelashvili J, Krishnasamy K, Limbourg A, Ross TL, Meyer GJ, Haller H, Bengel FM, Limbourg FP. Multimodal and Multiscale Analysis Reveals Distinct Vascular, Metabolic and Inflammatory Components of the Tissue Response to Limb Ischemia. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:152-166. [PMID: 30662559 PMCID: PMC6332799 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia triggers a complex tissue response involving vascular, metabolic and inflammatory changes. Methods: We combined hybrid SPECT/CT or PET/CT nuclear imaging studies of perfusion, metabolism and inflammation with multicolor flow cytometry-based cell population analysis to comprehensively analyze the ischemic tissue response and to elucidate the cellular substrate of noninvasive molecular imaging techniques in a mouse model of hind limb ischemia. Results: Comparative analysis of tissue perfusion with [99mTc]-Sestamibi and arterial influx with [99mTc]-labeled albumin microspheres by SPECT/CT revealed a distinct pattern of response to vascular occlusion: an early ischemic period of matched suppression of tissue perfusion and arterial influx, a subacute ischemic period of normalized arterial influx but impaired tissue perfusion, and a protracted post-ischemic period of hyperdynamic arterial and normalized tissue perfusion, indicating coordination of macrovascular and microvascular responses. In addition, the subacute period showed increased glucose uptake by [18F]-FDG PET/CT scanning as the metabolic response of viable tissue to hypoperfusion. This was associated with robust macrophage infiltration by flow cytometry, and glucose uptake studies identified macrophages as major contributors to glucose utilization in ischemic tissue. Furthermore, imaging with the TSPO ligand [18F]-GE180 showed a peaked response during the subacute phase due to preferential labeling of monocytes and macrophages, while imaging with [68Ga]-RGD, an integrin ligand, showed prolonged post-ischemic upregulation, which was attributed to labeling of macrophages and endothelial cells by flow cytometry. Conclusion: Combined nuclear imaging and cell population analysis reveals distinct components of the ischemic tissue response and associated cell subsets, which could be targeted for therapeutic interventions.
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20
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Mamach M, Kessler M, Bankstahl JP, Wilke F, Geworski L, Bengel FM, Kurt S, Berding G. Visualization of the auditory pathway in rats with 18F-FDG PET activation studies based on different auditory stimuli and reference conditions including cochlea ablation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205044. [PMID: 30278068 PMCID: PMC6168174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation studies with positron emission tomography (PET) in auditory implant users explained some of the mechanisms underlying the variability of achieved speech comprehension. Since future developments of auditory implants will include studies in rodents, we aimed to inversely translate functional PET imaging to rats. In normal hearing rats, activity in auditory and non-auditory regions was studied using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET with 3 different acoustic conditions: sound attenuated laboratory background, continuous white noise and rippled noise. Additionally, bilateral cochlea ablated animals were scanned. 3D image data were transferred into a stereotaxic standard space and evaluated using volume of interest (VOI) analyses and statistical parametric mapping (SPM). In normal hearing rats alongside the auditory pathway consistent activations of the nucleus cochlearis (NC), olivary complex (OC) and inferior colliculus (IC) were seen comparing stimuli with background. In this respect, no increased activation could be detected in the auditory cortex (AC), which even showed deactivation with white noise stimulation. Nevertheless, higher activity in the AC in normal hearing rats was observed for all 3 auditory conditions against the cochlea ablated status. Vice versa, in ablated status activity in the olfactory nucleus (ON) was higher compared to all auditory conditions in normal hearing rats. Our results indicate that activations can be demonstrated in normal hearing animals based on 18F-FDG PET in nuclei along the central auditory pathway with different types of noise stimuli. However, in the AC missing activation with respect to the background advises the need for more rigorous background noise attenuation for non-invasive reference conditions. Finally, our data suggest cross-modal activation of the olfactory system following cochlea ablation–underlining, that 18F-FDG PET appears to be well suited to study plasticity in rat models for cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mamach
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariella Kessler
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P. Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Wilke
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lilli Geworski
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M. Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Simone Kurt
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine CIPMM, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Georg Berding
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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21
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Bouter Y, Meller B, Sahlmann CO, Wolf BJ, Langer L, Bankstahl JP, Wester HJ, Kropf S, Meller J, Bouter C. Immunohistochemical detection of chemokine receptor 4 expression in chronic osteomyelitis confirms specific uptake in 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT. Nuklearmedizin 2018; 57:198-203. [PMID: 30267402 DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0971-18-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous findings of our group showed the chemokine receptor CXCR4 as a suitable target in PET/CT-imaging of axial bone infections, early postoperative osteomyelitis and periprosthetic infections. The aim of this study was to verify specific uptake of 68Ga-Pentixafor in chronic osteomyelitis. METHODS 29 consecutive patients who underwent 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT with clinically suspected osteomyelitis were evaluated retrospectively. Bone tissues of 6 patients were available and evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for CXCR4 and autoradiography with 68Ga-Pentixafor. Staining was performed with an anti-CXCR4 antibody. In order to detect lymphocytic infiltration and CXCR4-expressing lymphocytes double immunofluorescence with an anti-CD3 and anti-CXCR4 antibody was performed. RESULTS 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/ CT was true positive in 16 and true negative in 13 patients. In available bone tissue samples, immunohistochemical staining of CXCR4 expression and autoradiography with 68Ga-Pentixafor was highly positive. Double immunofluorescence was able to detect CXCR4-expressing T-lymphocytes within all bone samples while a control sample of noninfected tibial bone was negative for CXCR4. CONCLUSION 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT specifically shows CXCR4-expressing immune cells in chronic osteomyelitis and is therefore a suitable method for imaging chronic infection of the skeleton.Der Chemokinrezeptor CXCR4 konnte in einer Pilotstudie unserer Arbeitsgruppe als geeignete Zielstruktur zur PET/CT-Bildgebung von frühen postoperativen und periprothetischen Osteomyelitiden sowie Osteomyelitiden im Stammskelett identifiziert werden. In dieser Studie haben wir untersucht, ob 68Ga-Pentixafor spezifisch CXCR4-exprimierende Entzündungszellen in einer chronischen Osteomyelitis darstellen kann. METHODEN Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Auswertung von 29 Patienten mit klinischem Verdacht einer chronischen Osteomyelitis, die mittels 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT untersucht wurden. Hiervon lagen uns in 6 Fällen Knochengewebe zur immunhistochemischen und autoradiographischen Evaluation vor. Die Immunhistochemie wurde mit einem anti-CXCR4 Antikörper durchgeführt. Des Weiteren wurden ein anti-CD3 und der anti-CXCR4-Antikörper zur Detektion CXCR4-exprimierender Lymphozyten am Ort der Entzündung mittels Doppel- Immunfluoreszenz verwendet. ERGEBNISSE Die 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT war bei 16 Patienten richtig positiv und bei 13 Patienten richtig negativ. Die Färbungen der verfügbaren Knochenpräparate waren sowohl in der Immunhistochemie als auch in der Autoradiographie deutlich positiv. In der Immunfluoreszenz konnten zudem CXCR4-exprimierende Lymphozyten am Ort der Entzündung in allen Proben nachgewiesen werden. Die Kontrolle eines Präparats einer nicht infizierten distalen Tibia zeigte dagegen keine CXCR4-oder CD3-Expression. FAZIT Mit der 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT können spezifisch CXCR4-exprimierende Lymphozyten am Ort der Entzündung nachgewiesen werden. Die 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT stellt eine geeignete Methode in der Diagnostik chronischer Osteomyeltiden dar.
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22
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Kessler M, Mamach M, Beutelmann R, Bankstahl JP, Bengel FM, Klump GM, Berding G. Activation in the auditory pathway of the gerbil studied with 18F-FDG PET: effects of anesthesia. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:4293-4305. [PMID: 30203305 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present results from an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) study in the Mongolian gerbil, a preferred animal model in auditory research. One major issue in preclinical nuclear imaging, as well as in most of the neurophysiological methods investigating auditory processing, is the need of anesthesia. We compared the usability of two types of anesthesia which are frequently employed in electrophysiology, ketamine/xylazine (KX), and fentanyl/midazolam/medetomidine (FMM), for valid measurements of auditory activation with 18F-FDG PET. Gerbils were placed in a sound-shielding box and injected with 18F-FDG. Two acoustic free-field conditions were used: (1) baseline (no stimulation, 25 dB background noise) and (2) 90 dB frequency-modulated tones (FM). After 40 min of 18F-FDG uptake, a 30 min acquisition was performed using a small animal PET/CT system. Blood glucose levels were measured after the uptake phase before scanning. Standardized uptake value ratios for relevant regions were determined after implementing image and volume of interest templates. Scans demonstrated a significantly higher uptake in the inferior colliculus with FM stimulation compared to baseline in awake subjects (+ 12%; p = 0.02) and with FMM anesthesia (+ 13%; p = 0.0012), but not with KX anesthesia. In non-auditory brain regions, no significant difference was detected. Blood glucose levels were significantly higher under KX compared to FMM anesthesia (17.29 ± 0.42 mmol/l vs. 14.30 ± 1.91 mmol/l; p = 0.024). These results suggest that valid 18F-FDG PET measurements of auditory activation comparable to electrophysiology can be obtained from gerbils during opioid-based anesthesia due to its limited effects on interfering blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kessler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - M Mamach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Beutelmann
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division for animal Physiology and Behaviour Group, Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - J P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - F M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - G M Klump
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division for animal Physiology and Behaviour Group, Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg Berding
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
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23
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Mucci A, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Hetzel M, Liu S, Suzuki T, Happle C, Ackermann M, Kempf H, Hillje R, Kunkiel J, Janosz E, Brennig S, Glage S, Bankstahl JP, Dettmer S, Rodt T, Gohring G, Trapnell B, Hansen G, Trapnell C, Knudsen L, Lachmann N, Moritz T. iPSC-Derived Macrophages Effectively Treat Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis in Csf2rb-Deficient Mice. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:696-710. [PMID: 30100408 PMCID: PMC6135208 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hematopoietic cells represent a highly attractive source for cell and gene therapy. Given the longevity, plasticity, and self-renewal potential of distinct macrophage subpopulations, iPSC-derived macrophages (iPSC-Mφ) appear of particular interest in this context. We here evaluated the airway residence, plasticity, and therapeutic efficacy of iPSC-Mφ in a murine model of hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (herPAP). We demonstrate that single pulmonary macrophage transplantation (PMT) of 2.5–4 × 106 iPSC-Mφ yields efficient airway residence with conversion of iPSC-Mφ to an alveolar macrophage (AMφ) phenotype characterized by a distinct surface marker and gene expression profile within 2 months. Moreover, PMT significantly improves alveolar protein deposition and other critical herPAP disease parameters. Thus, our data indicate iPSC-Mφ as a source of functional macrophages displaying substantial plasticity and therapeutic potential that upon pulmonary transplantation will integrate into the lung microenvironment, adopt an AMφ phenotype and gene expression pattern, and profoundly ameliorate pulmonary disease phenotypes. iPSCs as a source of functional macrophages with substantial plasticity iPSC-derived macrophages have therapeutic potential in hereditary PAP Pulmonary-transplanted iPSC-Mφ integrate into the lung microenvironment iPSC-Mφ can adopt an AMφ phenotype and gene expression pattern
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Mucci
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Department of Functional and Applied Anatomy, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Miriam Hetzel
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Serena Liu
- Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Christine Happle
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany; Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Kempf
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roman Hillje
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jessica Kunkiel
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ewa Janosz
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brennig
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Dettmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Rodt
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Bruce Trapnell
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany; Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Lars Knudsen
- Department of Functional and Applied Anatomy, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany; Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, MHH, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, MHH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, MHH, Hannover, Germany
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24
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Derlin T, Sedding DG, Dutzmann J, Haghikia A, König T, Napp LC, Schütze C, Owsianski-Hille N, Wester HJ, Kropf S, Thackeray JT, Bankstahl JP, Geworski L, Ross TL, Bauersachs J, Bengel FM. Imaging of chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression in culprit and nonculprit coronary atherosclerotic plaque using motion-corrected [ 68Ga]pentixafor PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 45:1934-1944. [PMID: 29967943 PMCID: PMC6132552 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is a promising target for molecular imaging of CXCR4+ cell types, e.g. inflammatory cells, in cardiovascular diseases. We speculated that a specific CXCR4 ligand, [68Ga]pentixafor, along with novel techniques for motion correction, would facilitate the in vivo characterization of CXCR4 expression in small culprit and nonculprit coronary atherosclerotic lesions after acute myocardial infarction by motion-corrected targeted PET/CT. Methods CXCR4 expression was analysed ex vivo in separately obtained arterial wall specimens. [68Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT was performed in 37 patients after stent-based reperfusion for a first acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. List-mode PET data were reconstructed to five different datasets using cardiac and/or respiratory gating. Guided by CT for localization, the PET signals of culprit and various groups of nonculprit coronary lesions were analysed and compared. Results Ex vivo, CXCR4 was upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions, and mainly colocalized with CD68+ inflammatory cells. In vivo, elevated CXCR4 expression was detected in culprit and nonculprit lesions, and the strongest CXCR4 PET signal (median SUVmax 1.96; interquartile range, IQR, 1.55–2.31) was observed in culprit coronary artery lesions. Stented nonculprit lesions (median SUVmax 1.45, IQR 1.23–1.88; P = 0.048) and hot spots in naive remote coronary segments (median SUVmax 1.34, IQR 1.23–1.74; P = 0.0005) showed significantly lower levels of CXCR4 expression. Dual cardiac/respiratory gating provided the strongest CXCR4 PET signal and the highest lesion detectability. Conclusion We demonstrated the basic feasibility of motion-corrected targeted PET/CT imaging of CXCR4 expression in coronary artery lesions, which was triggered by vessel wall inflammation but also by stent-induced injury. This novel methodology may serve as a platform for future diagnostic and therapeutic clinical studies targeting the biology of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00259-018-4076-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Derlin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Daniel G Sedding
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Dutzmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias König
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - L Christian Napp
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Schütze
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Owsianski-Hille
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - James T Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lilli Geworski
- Department of Radiation Protection and Medical Physics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Brackhan M, Bascuñana P, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M. [18
F]GE180 positron emission tomographic imaging indicates a potential double-hit insult in the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2018; 59:617-626. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy; University of Veterinary Medicine; Hannover Germany
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - Tobias L. Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - Frank M. Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - Jens P. Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy; University of Veterinary Medicine; Hannover Germany
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26
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Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. Recent Advances in Radiotracer Imaging Hold Potential for Future Refined Evaluation of Epilepsy in Veterinary Neurology. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:218. [PMID: 29326952 PMCID: PMC5733338 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive nuclear imaging by positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography has significantly contributed to epileptic focus localization in human neurology for several decades now. Offering functional insight into brain alterations, it is also of particular relevance for epilepsy research. Access to these techniques for veterinary medicine is becoming more and more relevant and has already resulted in first studies in canine patients. In view of the substantial proportion of drug-refractory epileptic dogs and cats, image-guided epileptic focus localization will be a prerequisite for selection of patients for surgical focus resection. Moreover, radiotracer imaging holds potential for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of underlying epilepsy syndromes as well as to forecast disease risk after epileptogenic brain insults. Importantly, recent advances in epilepsy research demonstrate the suitability and value of several novel radiotracers for non-invasive assessment of neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier alterations, and neurotransmitter systems. It is desirable that veterinary epilepsy patients will also benefit from these promising developments in the medium term. This paper reviews the current use of radiotracer imaging in the veterinary epilepsy patient and suggests possible future directions for the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Center of Systems Neuroscience Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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27
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García-García L, Fernández de la Rosa R, Delgado M, Silván Á, Bascuñana P, Bankstahl JP, Gomez F, Pozo MA. Metyrapone prevents acute glucose hypermetabolism and short-term brain damage induced by intrahippocampal administration of 4-aminopyridine in rats. Neurochem Int 2017; 113:92-106. [PMID: 29203398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral administration of the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) triggers neuronal depolarization and intense acute seizure activity followed by neuronal damage. We have recently shown that, in the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of status epilepticus (SE), a single administration of metyrapone, an inhibitor of the 11β-hydroxylase enzyme, had protective properties of preventive nature against signs of brain damage and neuroinflammation. Herein, our aim was to investigate to which extent, pretreatment with metyrapone (150 mg/kg, i.p.) was also able to prevent eventual changes in the acute brain metabolism and short-term neuronal damage induced by intrahippocampal injection of 4-AP (7 μg/5 μl). To this end, regional brain metabolism was assessed by 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) during the ictal period. Three days later, markers of neuronal death and hippocampal integrity and apoptosis (Nissl staining, NeuN and active caspase-3 immunohistochemistry), neurodegeneration (Fluoro-Jade C labeling), astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry) and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation (in vitro [18F]GE180 autoradiography) were evaluated. 4-AP administration acutely triggered marked brain hypermetabolism within and around the site of injection as well as short-term signs of brain damage and inflammation. Most important, metyrapone pretreatment was able to reduce ictal hypermetabolism as well as all the markers of brain damage except microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Overall, our study corroborates the neuroprotective effects of metyrapone against multiple signs of brain damage caused by seizures triggered by 4-AP. Ultimately, our data add up to the consistent protective effect of metyrapone pretreatment reported in other models of neurological disorders of different etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ágata Silván
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pozo
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII n° 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Tecnológico PET, C/ Manuel Bartolomé Cossío n° 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Koepp MJ, Årstad E, Bankstahl JP, Dedeurwaerdere S, Friedman A, Potschka H, Ravizza T, Theodore WH, Baram TZ. Neuroinflammation imaging markers for epileptogenesis. Epilepsia 2017; 58 Suppl 3:11-19. [PMID: 28675560 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy can be a devastating disorder. In addition to debilitating seizures, epilepsy can cause cognitive and emotional problems with reduced quality of life. Therefore, the major aim is to prevent the disorder in the first place: identify, detect, and reverse the processes responsible for its onset, and monitor and treat its progression. Epilepsy often occurs following a latent period of months to years (epileptogenesis) as a consequence of a brain insult, such as head trauma, stroke, or status epilepticus. Although this latent period clearly represents a therapeutic window, we are not able to stratify patients at risk for long-term epilepsy, which is prerequisite for preventative clinical trials. Moreover, because of the length of the latent period, an early biomarker for treatment response would be of high value. Finally, mechanistic biomarkers of epileptogenesis may provide more profound insight in the process of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias J Koepp
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Årstad
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Alon Friedman
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Heidrun Potschka
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Teresa Ravizza
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS-Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tallie Z Baram
- Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy/Neurobiology, Neurology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
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29
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Bar-Klein G, Klee R, Brandt C, Bankstahl M, Bascuñana P, Töllner K, Dalipaj H, Bankstahl JP, Friedman A, Löscher W. Isoflurane prevents acquired epilepsy in rat models of temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2017; 80:896-908. [PMID: 27761920 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acquired epilepsy is a devastating long-term risk of various brain insults, including trauma, stroke, infections, and status epilepticus (SE). There is no preventive treatment for patients at risk. Attributable to the complex alterations involved in epileptogenesis, it is likely that multitargeted approaches are required for epilepsy prevention. We report novel preclinical findings with isoflurane, which exerts various nonanesthetic effects that may be relevant for antiepileptogenesis. METHODS The effects of isoflurane were investigated in two rat models of SE-induced epilepsy: intrahippocampal kainate and systemic administration of paraoxon. Isoflurane was either administered during (kainate) or after (paraoxon) induction of SE. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Positron emission tomography was used to visualize neuroinflammation. Long-term electrocorticographic recordings were used to monitor spontaneous recurrent seizures. Neuronal damage was assessed histologically. RESULTS In the absence of isoflurane, spontaneous recurrent seizures were common in the majority of rats in both models. When isoflurane was administered during kainate injection, duration and severity of SE were not affected, but only few rats developed spontaneous recurrent seizures. A similar antiepileptogenic effect was found when paraoxon-treated rats were exposed to isoflurane after SE. Moreover, in the latter model, isoflurane prevented BBB dysfunction and neurodegeneration, whereas isoflurane reduced neuroinflammation in the kainate model. INTERPRETATION Given that isoflurane is a widely used volatile anesthetic, and is used for inhalational long-term sedation in critically ill patients at risk to develop epilepsy, our findings hold a promising potential to be successfully translated into the clinic. Ann Neurol 2016;80:896-908.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Bar-Klein
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Cognitive and Brain Sciences, the Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rebecca Klee
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Brandt
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Kathrin Töllner
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hotjensa Dalipaj
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Alon Friedman
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Cognitive and Brain Sciences, the Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
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30
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Breuer H, Meier M, Schneefeld S, Härtig W, Wittneben A, Märkel M, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. Multimodality imaging of blood-brain barrier impairment during epileptogenesis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2049-2061. [PMID: 27435624 PMCID: PMC5464700 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16659672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Insult-associated blood-brain barrier leakage is strongly suggested to be a key step during epileptogenesis. In this study, we used three non-invasive translational imaging modalities, i.e. positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, to evaluate BBB leakage after an epileptogenic brain insult. Sprague-Dawley rats were scanned during early epileptogenesis initiated by status epilepticus. Positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography scans were performed using the novel tracer [68Ga]DTPA or [99mTc]DTPA, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging included T2 and post-contrast T1 sequence after infusion of Gd-DTPA, gadobutrol, or Gd-albumin. All modalities revealed increased blood-brain barrier permeability 48 h post status epilepticus, mainly in epileptogenesis-associated brain regions like hippocampus, piriform cortex, thalamus, or amygdala. In hippocampus, Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1 magnetic resonance imaging signal was increased by 199%, [68Ga]DTPA positron emission tomography by 37%, and [99mTc]DTPA single photon emission computed tomography by 56%. Imaging results were substantiated by histological detection of albumin extravasation. Comparison with quantitative positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography shows that magnetic resonance imaging sequences successfully amplify the signal from a moderate amount of extravasated DTPA molecules, enabling sensitive detection of blood-brain barrier disturbance in epileptogenesis. Imaging of the disturbed blood-brain barrier will give further pathophysiologic insights, will help to stratify anti-epileptogenic treatment targeting blood-brain barrier integrity, and may serve as a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Breuer
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Meier
- 3 Preclinical Imaging Labs, Central Laboratory Animal Facility & Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophie Schneefeld
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Härtig
- 4 Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Wittneben
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Märkel
- 4 Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias L Ross
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank M Bengel
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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31
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Pitkänen A, Löscher W, Vezzani A, Becker AJ, Simonato M, Lukasiuk K, Gröhn O, Bankstahl JP, Friedman A, Aronica E, Gorter JA, Ravizza T, Sisodiya SM, Kokaia M, Beck H. Advances in the development of biomarkers for epilepsy. Lancet Neurol 2017; 15:843-856. [PMID: 27302363 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(16)00112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy. In nearly 30% of these cases, epilepsy remains unsatisfactorily controlled despite the availability of over 20 antiepileptic drugs. Moreover, no treatments exist to prevent the development of epilepsy in those at risk, despite an increasing understanding of the underlying molecular and cellular pathways. One of the major factors that have impeded rapid progress in these areas is the complex and multifactorial nature of epilepsy, and its heterogeneity. Therefore, the vision of developing targeted treatments for epilepsy relies upon the development of biomarkers that allow individually tailored treatment. Biomarkers for epilepsy typically fall into two broad categories: diagnostic biomarkers, which provide information on the clinical status of, and potentially the sensitivity to, specific treatments, and prognostic biomarkers, which allow prediction of future clinical features, such as the speed of progression, severity of epilepsy, development of comorbidities, or prediction of remission or cure. Prognostic biomarkers are of particular importance because they could be used to identify which patients will develop epilepsy and which might benefit from preventive treatments. Biomarker research faces several challenges; however, biomarkers could substantially improve the management of people with epilepsy and could lead to prevention in the right person at the right time, rather than just symptomatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asla Pitkänen
- Department of Neurobiology, A I Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Annamaria Vezzani
- Department of Neuroscience, Experimental Neurology, IRCCS-Istituto di Recerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Albert J Becker
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michele Simonato
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Unit of Gene Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Division of Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Lukasiuk
- The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olli Gröhn
- Department of Neurobiology, A I Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alon Friedman
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of Neuropathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Jan A Gorter
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teresa Ravizza
- Department of Neuroscience, Experimental Neurology, IRCCS-Istituto di Recerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Merab Kokaia
- Epilepsy Center, Experimental Epilepsy Group, Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Heinz Beck
- Laboratory for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
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32
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Thackeray JT, Pietzsch S, Stapel B, Ricke-Hoch M, Lee CW, Bankstahl JP, Scherr M, Heineke J, Scharf G, Haghikia A, Bengel FM, Hilfiker-Kleiner D. Insulin supplementation attenuates cancer-induced cardiomyopathy and slows tumor disease progression. JCI Insight 2017; 2:93098. [PMID: 28515362 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.93098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced cancer induces fundamental changes in metabolism and promotes cardiac atrophy and heart failure. We discovered systemic insulin deficiency in cachectic cancer patients. Similarly, mice with advanced B16F10 melanoma (B16F10-TM) or colon 26 carcinoma (C26-TM) displayed decreased systemic insulin associated with marked cardiac atrophy, metabolic impairment, and function. B16F10 and C26 tumors decrease systemic insulin via high glucose consumption, lowering pancreatic insulin production and producing insulin-degrading enzyme. As tumor cells consume glucose in an insulin-independent manner, they shift glucose away from cardiomyocytes. Since cardiomyocytes in both tumor models remained insulin responsive, low-dose insulin supplementation by subcutaneous implantation of insulin-releasing pellets improved cardiac glucose uptake, atrophy, and function, with no adverse side effects. In addition, by redirecting glucose to the heart in addition to other organs, the systemic insulin treatment lowered glucose usage by the tumor and thereby decreased tumor growth and volume. Insulin corrected the cancer-induced reduction in cardiac Akt activation and the subsequent overactivation of the proteasome and autophagy. Thus, cancer-induced systemic insulin depletion contributes to cardiac wasting and failure and may promote tumor growth. Low-dose insulin supplementation attenuates these processes and may be supportive in cardio-oncologic treatment concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Pietzsch
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Britta Stapel
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Melanie Ricke-Hoch
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Chun-Wei Lee
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Scherr
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jörg Heineke
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Gesine Scharf
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and.,Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Campus Benjamin Franklin), Berlin, Germany
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García-García L, Shiha AA, Fernández de la Rosa R, Delgado M, Silván Á, Bascuñana P, Bankstahl JP, Gomez F, Pozo MA. Metyrapone prevents brain damage induced by status epilepticus in the rat lithium-pilocarpine model. Neuropharmacology 2017; 123:261-273. [PMID: 28495374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The status epilepticus (SE) induced by lithium-pilocarpine is a well characterized rodent model of the human temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) which is accompanied by severe brain damage. Stress and glucocorticoids markedly contribute to exacerbate neuronal damage induced by seizures but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Herein we sought to investigate whether a single administration of metyrapone (150 mg/kg, i.p.), an 11β-hydroxylase inhibitor, enzyme involved in the peripheral and central synthesis of corticosteroids, had neuroprotective properties in this model. Two experiments were carried out. In exp. 1, metyrapone was administered 3 h before pilocarpine injection whereas in exp. 2, metyrapone administration took place at the onset of the SE. In both experiments, 3 days after the insult, brain metabolism was assessed by in vivo 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Brains were processed for analyses of markers of hippocampal integrity (Nissl staining), neurodegeneration (Fluoro-Jade C), astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry) and, for a marker of activated microglia by in vitro autoradiography with the TSPO (18 kDa translocator protein) radioligand [18F]GE180. The SE resulted in a consistent hypometabolism in hippocampus, cortex and striatum and neuronal damage, hippocampal neurodegeneration, neuronal death and gliosis. Interestingly, metyrapone had neuroprotective effects when administered before, but not after the insult. In summary, we conclude that metyrapone administration prior but not after the SE protected from brain damage induced by SE in the lithium-pilocarpine model. Therefore, it seems that the effect of metyrapone is preventive in nature and likely related to its antiseizure properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-García
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ahmed A Shiha
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Fernández de la Rosa
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ágata Silván
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pozo
- Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII nº 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Tecnológico PET, C/ Manuel Bartolomé Cossío nº 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Polyak A, Naszalyi Nagy L, Mihaly J, Görres S, Wittneben A, Leiter I, Bankstahl JP, Sajti L, Kellermayer M, Zrínyi M, Ross TL. Preparation and 68Ga-radiolabeling of porous zirconia nanoparticle platform for PET/CT-imaging guided drug delivery. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 137:146-150. [PMID: 28119212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the preparation of gallium-68 (68Ga) isotope labeled porous zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticle (NP) platform of nearly 100nm diameter and its first pharmacokinetic and biodistribution evaluation accomplished with a microPET/CT (μPet/CT) imaging system. Objectives of the investigations were to provide a nanoparticle platform which can be suitable for specific delivery of various therapeutic drugs using surface attached specific molecules as triggering agents, and at the same time, suitable for positron emission tomography (PET) tracing of the prospective drug delivery process. Radiolabeling was accomplished using DOTA bifunctional chelator. DOTA was successfully adsorbed onto the surface of nanoparticles, while the 68Ga-radiolabeling method proved to be simple and effective. In the course of biodistribution studies, the 68Ga-labeled DOTA-ZrNPs showed proper radiolabeling stability in their original suspension and in blood serum. μPet/CT imaging studies confirmed a RES-biodistribution profile indicating stable nano-sized labeled particles in vivo. Results proved that the new method offers the opportunity to examine further specifically targeted and drug payload carrier variants of zirconia NP systems using PET/CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Polyak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30627 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Lívia Naszalyi Nagy
- MTA-SE Molecular Biophysics Research Group, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Str 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Blvd 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judith Mihaly
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Blvd 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sebastian Görres
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30627 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Wittneben
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30627 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Leiter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30627 Hannover, Germany; Institute for Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30627 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laszlo Sajti
- Nanotechnology Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Miklós Kellermayer
- MTA-SE Molecular Biophysics Research Group, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Str 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Zrínyi
- MTA-SE Molecular Biophysics Research Group, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Str 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary; Nanochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30627 Hannover, Germany
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Lapinlampi N, Melin E, Aronica E, Bankstahl JP, Becker A, Bernard C, Gorter JA, Gröhn O, Lipsanen A, Lukasiuk K, Löscher W, Paananen J, Ravizza T, Roncon P, Simonato M, Vezzani A, Kokaia M, Pitkänen A. Common data elements and data management: Remedy to cure underpowered preclinical studies. Epilepsy Res 2017; 129:87-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Thackeray JT, Bankstahl JP, Wang Y, Wollert KC, Bengel FM. Targeting Amino Acid Metabolism for Molecular Imaging of Inflammation Early After Myocardial Infarction. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1768-79. [PMID: 27570549 PMCID: PMC4997235 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute tissue inflammation after myocardial infarction influences healing and remodeling and has been identified as a target for novel therapies. Molecular imaging holds promise for guidance of such therapies. The amino acid (11)C-methionine is a clinically approved agent which is thought to accumulate in macrophages, but not in healthy myocytes. We assessed the suitability of positron emission tomography (PET) with (11)C-methionine for imaging post-MI inflammation, from cell to mouse to man. Uptake assays demonstrated 7-fold higher (11)C-methionine uptake by polarized pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages over anti-inflammatory M2 subtypes (p<0.001). C57Bl/6 mice (n=27) underwent coronary artery ligation or no surgery. Serial (11)C-methionine PET was performed 3, 5 and 7d later. MI mice exhibited a perfusion defect in 32-50% of the left ventricle (LV). PET detected increased (11)C-methionine accumulation in the infarct territory at 3d (5.9±0.9%ID/g vs 4.7±0.9 in remote myocardium, and 2.6±0.5 in healthy mice; p<0.05 and <0.01 respectively), which declined by d7 post-MI (4.3±0.6 in infarct, 3.4±0.8 in remote; p=0.03 vs 3d, p=0.08 vs healthy). Increased (11)C-methionine uptake was associated with macrophage infiltration of damaged myocardium. Treatment with anti-integrin antibodies (anti-CD11a, -CD11b, -CD49d; 100µg) lowered macrophage content by 56% and (11)C-methionine uptake by 46% at 3d post-MI. A patient study at 3d after ST-elevation MI and early reperfusion confirmed elevated (11)C-methionine uptake in the hypoperfused myocardial region. Targeting of elevated amino acid metabolism in pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages enables PET imaging-derived demarcation of tissue inflammation after MI. (11)C-methionine-based molecular imaging may assist in the translation of novel image-guided, inflammation-targeted regenerative therapies.
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Brackhan M, Bascuñana P, Postema JM, Ross TL, Bengel FM, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP. Serial Quantitative TSPO-Targeted PET Reveals Peak Microglial Activation up to 2 Weeks After an Epileptogenic Brain Insult. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1302-8. [PMID: 27056616 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.172494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that neuroinflammation, triggered by epileptogenic insults, contributes to seizure development. We used translocator protein-targeted molecular imaging to obtain further insights into the role of microglial activation during epileptogenesis. METHODS As epileptogenic insult, a status epilepticus (SE) was induced in rats by lithium pilocarpine. Rats were subjected to (11)C-PK11195 PET scans before SE; at 4 h after SE; at 1, 2, 5, 7, 14, and 22 d after SE; and at 14-16 wk after SE. For data evaluation, brain regions were outlined by coregistration with a standard rat brain atlas, and percentage injected dose/cm(3) and binding potential (simplified reference tissue model with cerebellar gray matter as a reference region) were calculated. For autoradiography and immunohistochemical evaluation, additional rats were decapitated without prior SE or 2, 5, or 14 d after SE. RESULTS After SE, increases in (11)C-PK11195 uptake and binding potential were evident in epileptogenesis-associated brain regions, such as the hippocampus, thalamus, or piriform cortex, but not in the cerebellum beginning at 2-5 d and persisting at least 3 wk after SE. Maximal regional signal was observed at 1-2 wk after SE. Autoradiography confirmed the spatiotemporal profile. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed microglial and astroglial activation as well as neuronal cell loss in epileptogenesis-associated brain regions at all investigated time points. The time course of microglial activation was consistent with that demonstrated by tracer techniques. CONCLUSION Translocator protein-targeted PET is a reliable tool for identifying brain inflammation during epileptogenesis. Neuroinflammation mainly affects brain regions commonly associated with seizure generation and spread. Definition of the time profile of neuroinflammation may facilitate the development of inflammation-targeted, antiepileptogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Brackhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pablo Bascuñana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Johannes M Postema
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Tobias L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Frank M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
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Vanhove C, Bankstahl JP, Krämer SD, Visser E, Belcari N, Vandenberghe S. Accurate molecular imaging of small animals taking into account animal models, handling, anaesthesia, quality control and imaging system performance. EJNMMI Phys 2015; 2:31. [PMID: 26560138 PMCID: PMC4642455 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-015-0135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-animal imaging has become an important technique for the development of new radiotracers, drugs and therapies. Many laboratories have now a combination of different small-animal imaging systems, which are being used by biologists, pharmacists, medical doctors and physicists. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the important factors in the design of a small animal, nuclear medicine and imaging experiment. Different experts summarize one specific aspect important for a good design of a small-animal experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vanhove
- Department of Electronics and Information Systems, MEDISIP, Ghent University-iMinds Medical IT-IBiTech, De Pintelaan 185 block B, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefanie D Krämer
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences/Biopharmacy, ETH Zurich, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Visser
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola Belcari
- Department of Physics, University of Pisa and INFN sezione di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefaan Vandenberghe
- Department of Electronics and Information Systems, MEDISIP, Ghent University-iMinds Medical IT-IBiTech, De Pintelaan 185 block B, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Thackeray JT, Bankstahl JP, Bengel FM. Impact of Image-Derived Input Function and Fit Time Intervals on Patlak Quantification of Myocardial Glucose Uptake in Mice. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:1615-21. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.160820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Römermann K, Bankstahl JP, Löscher W, Bankstahl M. Pilocarpine-induced convulsive activity is limited by multidrug transporters at the rodent blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 353:351-9. [PMID: 25755207 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.221952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of the growing availability of genetically engineered mouse lines, the pilocarpine post-status epilepticus (SE) model of temporal lobe epilepsy is increasingly used in mice. A discrepancy in pilocarpine sensitivity in FVB/N wild-type versus P-glycoprotein (PGP)-deficient mice precipitated the investigation of the interaction between pilocarpine and two major multidrug transporters at the blood-brain barrier. Doses of pilocarpine necessary for SE induction were determined in male and female wild-type and PGP-deficient mice. Brain and plasma concentrations were measured following low (30-50 mg⋅kg(-1) i.p.) and/or high (200 mg⋅kg(-1) i.p.) doses of pilocarpine in wild-type mice, and mice lacking PGP, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), or both transporters, as well as in rats with or without pretreatment with lithium chloride or tariquidar. Concentration equilibrium transport assays (CETA) were performed using cells overexpressing murine PGP or BCRP. Lower pilocarpine doses were necessary for SE induction in PGP-deficient mice. Brain-plasma ratios were higher in mice lacking PGP or PGP and BCRP, which was also observed after pretreatment with tariquidar in mice and in rats. Lithium chloride did not change brain penetration of pilocarpine. CETA confirmed transport of pilocarpine by PGP and BCRP. Pilocarpine is a substrate of PGP and BCRP at the rodent blood-brain barrier, which restricts its convulsive action. Future studies to reveal whether strain differences in pilocarpine sensitivity derive from differences in multidrug transporter expression levels are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Römermann
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - J P Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - W Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
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Wanek T, Traxl A, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M, Sauberer M, Langer O, Kuntner C. [(18)F]FDG is not transported by P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein at the rodent blood-brain barrier. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:585-9. [PMID: 25823393 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transport of 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([(18)F]FDG) by the multidrug efflux transporters P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may confound the interpretation of [(18)F]FDG brain PET data. Aim of this study was to assess the influence of ABCB1 and ABCG2 at the BBB on brain distribution of [(18)F]FDG in vivo by performing [(18)F]FDG PET scans in wild-type and transporter knockout mice and by evaluating changes in [(18)F]FDG brain distribution after transporter inhibition. METHODS Dynamic small-animal PET experiments (60min) were performed with [(18)F]FDG in groups of wild-type and transporter knockout mice (Abcb1a/b((-/-)), Abcg2((-/-)) and Abcb1a/b((-/-))Abcg2((-/-))) and in wild-type rats without and with i.v. pretreatment with the known ABCB1 inhibitor tariquidar (15mg/kg, given at 2h before PET). Blood was sampled from animals from the orbital sinus vein at the end of the PET scans and measured in a gamma counter. Brain uptake of [(18)F]FDG was expressed as the brain-to-blood radioactivity concentration ratio in the last PET time frame (Kb,brain). RESULTS Kb,brain values of [(18)F]FDG were not significantly different between different mouse types both without and with tariquidar pretreatment. The blood-to-brain transfer rate constant of [(18)F]FDG was significantly lower in tariquidar-treated as compared with vehicle-treated rats (0.350±0.025mL/min/g versus 0.416±0.024mL/min/g, p=0.026, paired t-test) but Kb,brain values were not significantly different between both rat groups. CONCLUSION Our results show that [(18)F]FDG is not transported by Abcb1 at the mouse and rat BBB in vivo. In addition we found no evidence for Abcg2 transport of [(18)F]FDG at the mouse BBB. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Our findings imply that functional activity of ABCB1 and ABCG2 at the BBB does not need to be taken into account when interpreting brain [(18)F]FDG PET data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wanek
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Alexander Traxl
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Sauberer
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Oliver Langer
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Claudia Kuntner
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Roehrbacher F, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M, Wanek T, Stanek J, Sauberer M, Muellauer J, Schroettner T, Langer O, Kuntner C. Development and performance test of an online blood sampling system for determination of the arterial input function in rats. EJNMMI Phys 2015; 2:1. [PMID: 26501803 PMCID: PMC4545758 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-014-0106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For positron emission tomography (PET) kinetic modelling, an accurate determination of the arterial input function is required. In this study, a blood sampling system was developed and tested using different radiotracers in rats. Methods The detector consists of pairs of lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) detectors, photomultiplier tubes and lead shield assembled within a steel casing working in coincidence mode. Rats were cannulated with microtubes in the femoral artery and vein for arterial blood sampling as well as administration of the PET tracers. Connected PTFE microtubes were centred between the LYSO crystals using a special holder. To enhance sensitivity, three layers with two coils were used. A flexible tube pump was used to ensure a constant blood flow. Performance of the detector was assessed with [18F]fludeoxyglucose (FDG), [18F]ciprofloxacin, (R)-[11C]verapamil, [11C]tariquidar, [11C]mephobarbital and [11C]MC113. Obtained input function curves were compared with manual samples drawn every 5 s during the first 3 min and further on at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after radiotracer injection. After manual sampling, an arterio/venous shunt was established. Shape and area-under-the-curve (AUC; Bq/μl*h) of the input functions were evaluated. Results The developed detector system provided an absolute sensitivity of 6.5%. Maximum peak values agreed well between manual samples and the detector with a mean difference of −0.4% ± 7.0% (max 12.0%, min −9.9%). AUC values also exhibited an excellent correlation (R = 0.996) between manual sampling and detector measurements with a mean difference of 9.3% ± 9.7% (max 24.1%, min −3.2%). The system was able to measure peak blood activity concentration levels of 110 to 2,000 Bq/μl which corresponds to injected activities from 5.5 to 100 MBq depending on the used radiotracer, applied volume and weight of the animal. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the developed blood sampling system can be used for in vivo small animal PET studies in rats in a reliable way. The usage of the systems enhances the accuracy of the input curve as handling of small blood samples especially with low activity (as for C-11) is prone to measurement errors. Additionally, the radiation dose of the experimenters can be reduced, as it is not required anymore to continuously draw samples where the personal is in close contact to the radioactive animals and blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Roehrbacher
- Radiation Safety and Applications, Seibersdorf Laboratories GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
| | - Jens P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
| | - Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, 30559, Germany. .,Centre for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, 30559, Germany.
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
| | - Johann Stanek
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
| | - Michael Sauberer
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
| | - Julia Muellauer
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
| | - Thales Schroettner
- Radiation Safety and Applications, Seibersdorf Laboratories GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
| | - Oliver Langer
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria. .,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
| | - Claudia Kuntner
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
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Abstract
Activity of ABC transporters in tumor tissue or at the blood–brain barrier is believed to be responsible for treatment failure of substrate drugs. As this mechanism will not be present in every single patient, diagnostic tools to study transporter function are urgently needed. Many efforts were made over the past years to improve in vivo quantification of ABC transporter function by molecular imaging techniques. This includes development of new positron emitting tracers, but also the evaluation of modified experimental protocols using already existing tracers. In addition to imaging of transporter function in healthy animals or volunteers, results from disease models or human patients are covered in this review.
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Meier M, Bankstahl JP, Rodt T, Koestner W, Madrahimov N, Knöfel AK, Haverich A, Bengel FM, Wacker F, Bleich A. Combined ultra highfield MRI and SPECT-CT are promising tools in interdisciplinary research on animal models of human lung diseases. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1376848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bankstahl JP, Brandt C, Löscher W. Prolonged depth electrode implantation in the limbic system increases the severity of status epilepticus in rats. Epilepsy Res 2014; 108:802-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP, Löscher W. Pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in mice alters seizure thresholds and the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs in the 6-Hertz psychomotor seizure model. Epilepsy Res 2013; 107:205-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP, Löscher W. Is switching from brand name to generic formulations of phenobarbital associated with loss of antiepileptic efficacy?: a pharmacokinetic study with two oral formulations (Luminal(®) vet, Phenoleptil(®)) in dogs. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:202. [PMID: 24107313 PMCID: PMC3853146 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In human medicine, adverse outcomes associated with switching between bioequivalent brand name and generic antiepileptic drug products is a subject of concern among clinicians. In veterinary medicine, epilepsy in dogs is usually treated with phenobarbital, either with the standard brand name formulation Luminal® or the veterinary products Luminal® vet and the generic formulation Phenoleptil®. Luminal® and Luminal® vet are identical 100 mg tablet formulations, while Phenoleptil® is available in the form of 12.5 and 50 mg tablets. Following approval of Phenoleptil® for treatment of canine epilepsy, it was repeatedly reported by clinicians and dog owners that switching from Luminal® (human tablets) to Phenoleptil® in epileptic dogs, which were controlled by treatment with Luminal®, induced recurrence of seizures. In the present study, we compared bioavailability of phenobarbital after single dose administration of Luminal® vet vs. Phenoleptil® with a crossover design in 8 healthy Beagle dogs. Both drugs were administered at a dose of 100 mg/dog, resulting in 8 mg/kg phenobarbital on average. Results Peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) following Luminal® vet vs. Phenoleptil® were about the same in most dogs (10.9 ± 0.92 vs. 10.5 ± 0.77 μg/ml), and only one dog showed noticeable lower concentrations after Phenoleptil® vs. Luminal® vet. Elimination half-life was about 50 h (50.3 ± 3.1 vs. 52.9 ± 2.8 h) without differences between the formulations. The relative bioavailability of the two products (Phenoleptil® vs. Luminal® vet.) was 0.98 ± 0.031, indicating that both formulations resulted in about the same bioavailability. Conclusions Overall, the two formulations did not differ significantly with respect to pharmacokinetic parameters when mean group parameters were compared. Thus, the reasons for the anecdotal reports, if true, that switching from the brand to the generic formulation of phenobarbital may lead to recurrence of seizures are obviously not related to a generally lower bioavailability of the generic formulation, although single dogs may exhibit lower plasma levels after the generic formulation that could be clinically meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bankstahl
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover 30559, Germany.
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Römermann K, Wanek T, Bankstahl M, Bankstahl JP, Fedrowitz M, Müller M, Löscher W, Kuntner C, Langer O. (R)-[(11)C]verapamil is selectively transported by murine and human P-glycoprotein at the blood-brain barrier, and not by MRP1 and BCRP. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 40:873-8. [PMID: 23845421 PMCID: PMC3775124 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Positron emission tomography (PET) with [(11)C]verapamil, either in racemic form or in form of the (R)-enantiomer, has been used to measure the functional activity of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There is some evidence in literature that verapamil inhibits two other ABC transporters expressed at the BBB, i.e. multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). However, previous data were obtained with micromolar concentrations of verapamil and do not necessarily reflect the transporter selectivity of verapamil at nanomolar concentrations, which are relevant for PET experiments. The aim of this study was to assess the selectivity of verapamil, in nanomolar concentrations, for Pgp over MRP1 and BCRP. METHODS Concentration equilibrium transport assays were performed with [(3)H]verapamil (5 nM) in cell lines expressing murine or human Pgp, human MRP1, and murine Bcrp1 or human BCRP. Paired PET scans were performed with (R)-[(11)C]verapamil in female FVB/N (wild-type), Mrp1((-/-)), Mdr1a/b((-/-)), Bcrp1((-/-)) and Mdr1a/b((-/-))Bcrp1((-/-)) mice, before and after Pgp inhibition with 15 mg/kg tariquidar. RESULTS In vitro transport experiments exclusively showed directed transport of [(3)H]verapamil in Mdr1a- and MDR1-overexpressing cells which could be inhibited by tariquidar (0.5μM). In PET scans acquired before tariquidar administration, brain-to-blood ratio (Kb,brain) of (R)-[(11)C]verapamil was low in wild-type (1.3 ± 0.1), Mrp1((-/-)) (1.4 ± 0.1) and Bcrp1((-/-)) mice (1.8 ± 0.1) and high in Mdr1a/b((-/-)) (6.9 ± 0.8) and Mdr1a/b((-/-))Bcrp1((-/-)) mice (7.9 ± 0.5). In PET scans after tariquidar administration, Kb,brain was significantly increased in Pgp-expressing mice (wild-type: 5.0 ± 0.3-fold, Mrp1((-/-)): 3.2 ± 0.6-fold, Bcrp1((-/-)): 4.3 ± 0.1-fold) but not in Pgp knockout mice (Mdr1a/b((-/-)) and Mdr1a/b((-/-))Bcrp1((-/-))). CONCLUSION Our combined in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate that verapamil, in nanomolar concentrations, is selectively transported by Pgp and not by MRP1 and BCRP at the BBB, which supports the use of (R)-[(11)C]verapamil or racemic [(11)C]verapamil as PET tracers of cerebral Pgp function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Römermann
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Müllauer J, Karch R, Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M, Stanek J, Wanek T, Mairinger S, Müller M, Löscher W, Langer O, Kuntner C. Assessment of cerebral P-glycoprotein expression and function with PET by combined [11C]inhibitor and [11C]substrate scans in rats. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 40:755-63. [PMID: 23774004 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) protects the brain from accumulation of lipophilic compounds by active efflux transport across the blood-brain barrier. Changes in Pgp function/expression may occur in neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease. In this work we investigated the suitability of the radiolabeled Pgp inhibitors [(11)C]elacridar and [(11)C]tariquidar to visualize Pgp density in rat brain with PET. METHODS Rats underwent a first PET scan with [(11)C]elacridar (n = 5) or [(11)C]tariquidar (n = 6) followed by a second scan with the Pgp substrate (R)-[(11)C]verapamil after administration of unlabeled tariquidar at a dose which half-maximally inhibits cerebral Pgp (3 mg/kg). Compartmental modeling using an arterial input function and Logan graphical analysis were used to estimate rate constants and volumes of distribution (VT) of radiotracers in different brain regions. RESULTS Brain PET signals of [(11)C]elacridar and [(11)C]tariquidar were very low (~0.5 standardized uptake value, SUV). There was a significant negative correlation between VT and K1 (i.e. influx rate constant from plasma into brain) values of [(11)C]elacridar or [(11)C]tariquidar and VT and K1 values of (R)-[(11)C]verapamil in different brain regions which was consistent with binding of [(11)C]inhibitors to Pgp and efflux of (R)-[(11)C]verapamil by Pgp. CONCLUSION The small Pgp binding signals obtained with [(11)C]elacridar and [(11)C]tariquidar limit the applicability of these tracers to measure cerebral Pgp density. PET tracers with higher (i.e. subnanomolar) binding affinities will be needed to visualize the low density of Pgp in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Müllauer
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Bankstahl JP, Bankstahl M, Römermann K, Wanek T, Stanek J, Windhorst AD, Fedrowitz M, Erker T, Müller M, Löscher W, Langer O, Kuntner C. Tariquidar and Elacridar Are Dose-Dependently Transported by P-Glycoprotein and Bcrp at the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Small-Animal Positron Emission Tomography and In Vitro Study. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 41:754-62. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.112.049148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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