1
|
Kopteva NE, Yakovlev DR, Yalcin E, Akimov IA, Nestoklon MO, Glazov MM, Kotur M, Kudlacik D, Zhukov EA, Kirstein E, Hordiichuk O, Dirin DN, Kovalenko MV, Bayer M. Highly-Polarized Emission Provided by Giant Optical Orientation of Exciton Spins in Lead Halide Perovskite Crystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403691. [PMID: 38884160 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Quantum technologic and spintronic applications require reliable material platforms that enable significant and long-living spin polarization of excitations, the ability to manipulate it optically in external fields, and the possibility to implement quantum correlations between spins, i.e., entanglement. Here it is demonstrated that these conditions are met in bulk crystals of lead halide perovskites. A giant optical orientation of 85% of excitons, approaching the ultimate limit of unity, in FA0.9Cs0.1PbI2.8Br0.2 crystals is reported. The exciton spin orientation is maintained during the exciton lifetime of 55 ps resulting in high circular polarization of the exciton emission. The optical orientation is robust to detuning of the excitation energy up to 0.3 eV above the exciton resonance and remains larger than 20% up to detunings of 0.9 eV. It evidences pure chiral selection rules and suppressed spin relaxation of electrons and holes, even with large kinetic energies. The exciton and electron-hole recombinations are distinguished by means of the spin dynamics detected via coherent spin quantum beats in magnetic field. Further, electron-hole spin correlations are demonstrated through linear polarization beats after circularly polarized excitation. These findings are supported by atomistic calculations. All-in-all, the results establish lead halide perovskite semiconductors as suitable platform for quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia E Kopteva
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Eyüp Yalcin
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ilya A Akimov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mikhail O Nestoklon
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mikhail M Glazov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
| | - Mladen Kotur
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Kudlacik
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Zhukov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Erik Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oleh Hordiichuk
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kopteva NE, Yakovlev DR, Kirstein E, Zhukov EA, Kudlacik D, Kalitukha IV, Sapega VF, Hordiichuk O, Dirin DN, Kovalenko MV, Baumann A, Höcker J, Dyakonov V, Crooker SA, Bayer M. Weak Dispersion of Exciton Landé Factor with Band Gap Energy in Lead Halide Perovskites: Approximate Compensation of the Electron and Hole Dependences. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2300935. [PMID: 38009504 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of lead halide perovskite semiconductors in vicinity of the bandgap are controlled by excitons, so that investigation of their fundamental properties is of critical importance. The exciton Landé or g-factor gX is the key parameter, determining the exciton Zeeman spin splitting in magnetic fields. The exciton, electron, and hole carrier g-factors provide information on the band structure, including its anisotropy, and the parameters contributing to the electron and hole effective masses. Here, gX is measured by reflectivity in magnetic fields up to 60 T for lead halide perovskite crystals. The materials band gap energies at a liquid helium temperature vary widely across the visible spectral range from 1.520 up to 3.213 eV in hybrid organic-inorganic and fully inorganic perovskites with different cations and halogens: FA0.9Cs0.1PbI2.8Br0.2, MAPbI3, FAPbBr3, CsPbBr3, and MAPb(Br0.05Cl0.95)3. The exciton g-factors are found to be nearly constant, ranging from +2.3 to +2.7. Thus, the strong dependences of the electron and hole g-factors on the bandgap roughly compensate each other when combining to the exciton g-factor. The same is true for the anisotropies of the carrier g-factors, resulting in a nearly isotropic exciton g-factor. The experimental data are compared favorably with model calculation results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E Kopteva
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Erik Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Zhukov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Kudlacik
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ina V Kalitukha
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
| | - Victor F Sapega
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
| | - Oleh Hordiichuk
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
- Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
- Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Baumann
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Höcker
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Dyakonov
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Scott A Crooker
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zerhoch J, Bodnar S, Lerpinière JE, Liu S, Neumann T, Sergl B, Heindl MW, Shcherbakov A, Elghandour A, Klingeler R, Walker AB, Deschler F. Motional Narrowing Effects in the Excited State Spin Populations of Mn-Doped Hybrid Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:2851-2858. [PMID: 38442903 PMCID: PMC10945573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling in the electronic states of solution-processed hybrid metal halide perovskites forms complex spin-textures in the band structures and allows for optical manipulation of the excited state spin-polarizations. Here, we report that motional narrowing acts on the photoexcited spin-polarization in CH3NH3PbBr3 thin films, which are doped at percentage-level with Mn2+ ions. Using ultrafast circularly polarized broadband transient absorption spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures, we investigate the spin population dynamics in these doped hybrid perovskites and find that spin relaxation lifetimes are increased by a factor of 3 compared to those of undoped materials. Using quantitative analysis of the photoexcitation cooling processes, we reveal increased carrier scattering rates in the doped perovskites as the fundamental mechanism driving spin-polarization-maintaining motional narrowing. Our work reports transition-metal doping as a concept to extend spin lifetimes of hybrid perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zerhoch
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stanislav Bodnar
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Shangpu Liu
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Timo Neumann
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Barbara Sergl
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Markus W. Heindl
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andrii Shcherbakov
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Walter
Schottky Institut, Technische Universität
München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physics
Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elghandour
- Kirchhoff
Institut für Physik, Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Klingeler
- Kirchhoff
Institut für Physik, Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Felix Deschler
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kirstein E, Zhukov EA, Yakovlev DR, Kopteva NE, Yalcin E, Akimov IA, Hordiichuk O, Dirin DN, Kovalenko MV, Bayer M. Coherent Carrier Spin Dynamics in FAPbBr 3 Perovskite Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2024:2893-2903. [PMID: 38448798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Coherent spin dynamics of electrons and holes are studied in hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite FAPbBr3 bulk single crystals using the time-resolved Kerr ellipticity technique at cryogenic temperatures. The Larmor spin precession of the carrier spins in a magnetic field is monitored to measure the Landé g-factors of electrons (+2.44) and holes (+0.41). These g-factors are highly isotropic. The measured spin dephasing times amount to a few nanoseconds, and the longitudinal hole spin relaxation time is 470 ns. The important role of the strong hyperfine interaction between carrier spins and nuclear spins is demonstrated via dynamic nuclear polarization. At low temperatures, electron and hole spin relaxation predominantly occurs via the hyperfine interaction, whose importance significantly decreases at temperatures above 12 K. We overview the spin dynamics in various lead halide perovskite crystals and polycrystalline films and conclude on their common features provided by charge carrier localization at cryogenic temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Zhukov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nataliia E Kopteva
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Eyüp Yalcin
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ilya A Akimov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oleh Hordiichuk
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich,Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich,Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich,Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Wang L, Xiang D, Zhu J, Wu K. Dielectric and Wavefunction Engineering of Electron Spin Lifetime in Colloidal Nanoplatelet Heterostructures. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306518. [PMID: 38234238 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) have emerged as low-cost and free-standing alternates of traditional quantum wells. The giant heavy- and light-hole splitting in NPLs allows for efficient optical spin injection. However, the electron spin lifetimes for prototypical CdSe NPLs are within a few picoseconds, likely limited by strong electron-hole exchange in these quantum- and dielectric-confined materials. Here how this hurdle can be overcome with engineered NPL-heterostructures is demonstrated. By constructing type-I CdSe/ZnS core/shell NPLs, dielectric screening inside the core is strongly enhanced, prolonging the electron spin polarization time (τesp) to over 30 ps (or 60 ps electron spin-flip time). Alternatively, by growing type-II CdSe/CdTe core/crown NPLs to spatially separate electron and hole wavefunctions, the electron-hole exchange is strongly suppressed, resulting in τesp as long as 300 ps at room temperature. This study not only exemplifies how the well-established synthetic chemistry of colloidal heterostructures can aid in spin dynamics control but also establishes the feasibility of room-temperature coherent spin manipulation in colloidal NPLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Hebei, 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Hebei, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu J, Li K, Huynh UN, Fadel M, Huang J, Sundararaman R, Vardeny V, Ping Y. How spin relaxes and dephases in bulk halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2024; 15:188. [PMID: 38168025 PMCID: PMC10761878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42835-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Spintronics in halide perovskites has drawn significant attention in recent years, due to their highly tunable spin-orbit fields and intriguing interplay with lattice symmetry. Here, we perform first-principles calculations to determine the spin relaxation time (T1) and ensemble spin dephasing time ([Formula: see text]) in a prototype halide perovskite, CsPbBr3. To accurately capture spin dephasing in external magnetic fields we determine the Landé g-factor from first principles and take it into account in our calculations. These allow us to predict intrinsic spin lifetimes as an upper bound for experiments, identify the dominant spin relaxation pathways, and evaluate the dependence on temperature, external fields, carrier density, and impurities. We find that the Fröhlich interaction that dominates carrier relaxation contributes negligibly to spin relaxation, consistent with the spin-conserving nature of this interaction. Our theoretical approach may lead to new strategies to optimize spin and carrier transport properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Xu
- Department of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Uyen N Huynh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mayada Fadel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Yuan Ping
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kirstein E, Smirnov DS, Zhukov EA, Yakovlev DR, Kopteva NE, Dirin DN, Hordiichuk O, Kovalenko MV, Bayer M. The squeezed dark nuclear spin state in lead halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6683. [PMID: 37865649 PMCID: PMC10590392 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coherent many-body states are highly promising for robust quantum information processing. While far-reaching theoretical predictions have been made for various implementations, direct experimental evidence of their appealing properties can be challenging. Here, we demonstrate optical manipulation of the nuclear spin ensemble in the lead halide perovskite semiconductor FAPbBr3 (FA = formamidinium), targeting a long-postulated collective dark state that is insensitive to optical pumping after its build-up. Via optical orientation of localized hole spins we drive the nuclear many-body system into this entangled state, requiring a weak magnetic field of only a few milli-Tesla strength at cryogenic temperatures. During its fast establishment, the nuclear polarization along the optical axis remains small, while the transverse nuclear spin fluctuations are strongly reduced, corresponding to spin squeezing as evidenced by a strong violation of the generalized nuclear squeezing-inequality with ξs < 0.5. The dark state corresponds to an ~35-body entanglement between the nuclei. Dark nuclear spin states can be exploited to store quantum information benefiting from their long-lived many-body coherence and to perform quantum measurements with a precision beyond the standard limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Kirstein
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - D S Smirnov
- Ioffe Institute, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - E A Zhukov
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D R Yakovlev
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - N E Kopteva
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D N Dirin
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Hordiichuk
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M V Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M Bayer
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nestoklon MO, Kirstein E, Yakovlev DR, Zhukov EA, Glazov MM, Semina MA, Ivchenko EL, Kolobkova EV, Kuznetsova MS, Bayer M. Tailoring the Electron and Hole Landé Factors in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals by Quantum Confinement and Halide Exchange. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8218-8224. [PMID: 37647545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The tunability of the optical properties of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals makes them highly appealing for applications. Halide anion exchange and quantum confinement enable tailoring of the band gap. For spintronics, the Landé g-factors of electrons and holes are essential. Using empirical tight-binding and k·p methods, we calculate them for nanocrystals of all-inorganic lead halide perovskites CsPbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl). The hole g-factor band gap dependence follows the universal law found for bulk perovskites, while for electrons, a considerable modification is predicted. Based on the k·p analysis, we conclude that this difference arises from the interaction of the bottom conduction band with the spin-orbit split electron states. These predictions are confirmed experimentally for electron and hole g-factors in CsPbI3 nanocrystals in a glass matrix, measured by time-resolved Faraday ellipticity in a magnetic field at cryogenic temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail O Nestoklon
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Erik Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Zhukov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mikhail M Glazov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina A Semina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Elena V Kolobkova
- ITMO University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria S Kuznetsova
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang H, Zhai Z, Bi Z, Gao H, Ye M, Xu Y, Tan H, Yang L. Spin Coherence and Spin Relaxation in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Lead and Mixed Lead-Tin Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7914-7920. [PMID: 37642561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites make up a promising class of materials for semiconductor spintronics. Here we report a systematic investigation of coherent spin precession, spin dephasing and spin relaxation of electrons and holes in two hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites MA0.3FA0.7PbI3 and MA0.3FA0.7Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 using time-resolved Faraday rotation spectroscopy. With applied in-plane magnetic fields, we observe robust Larmor spin precession of electrons and holes that persists for hundreds of picoseconds. The spin dephasing and relaxation processes are likely to be sensitive to the defect levels. Temperature-dependent measurements give further insights into the spin relaxation channels. The extracted electron Landé g-factors (3.75 and 4.36) are the biggest among the reported values in inorganic or hybrid perovskites. Both the electron and hole g-factors shift dramatically with temperature, which we propose to originate from thermal lattice vibration effects on the band structure. These results lay the foundation for further design and use of lead- and tin-based perovskites for spintronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Zehua Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhixuan Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Han Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hairen Tan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Luyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Meliakov SR, Zhukov EA, Kulebyakina EV, Belykh VV, Yakovlev DR. Coherent Spin Dynamics of Electrons in CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals at Room Temperature. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2454. [PMID: 37686962 PMCID: PMC10489742 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Coherent spin dynamics of charge carriers in CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals are studied in a temperature range of 4-300 K and in magnetic fields of up to 500 mT using time-resolved pump-probe Faraday rotation and differential transmission techniques. We detect electron spin Larmor precession in the entire temperature range. At temperatures below 50 K, hole spin precession is also observed. The temperature dependences of spin-related parameters, such as Landè g-factor and spin dephasing time are measured and analyzed. The electron g-factor increases with growing temperature, which can not be described by the temperature-induced band gap renormalization. We find that photocharging of the nanocrystals with either electrons or holes depends on the sample cooling regime, namely the cooling rate and illumination conditions. The type of the charge carrier provided by the photocharging can be identified via the carrier spin Larmor precession.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey R. Meliakov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Zhukov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Vasilii V. Belykh
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R. Yakovlev
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dehnel J, Harchol A, Barak Y, Meir I, Horani F, Shapiro A, Strassberg R, de Mello Donegá C, Demir HV, Gamelin DR, Sharma K, Lifshitz E. Optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses on the role of magnetic ions in colloidal nanocrystals. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:071001. [PMID: 37581419 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Incorporating magnetic ions into semiconductor nanocrystals has emerged as a prominent research field for manipulating spin-related properties. The magnetic ions within the host semiconductor experience spin-exchange interactions with photogenerated carriers and are often involved in the recombination routes, stimulating special magneto-optical effects. The current account presents a comparative study, emphasizing the impact of engineering nanostructures and selecting magnetic ions in shaping carrier-magnetic ion interactions. Various host materials, including the II-VI group, halide perovskites, and I-III-VI2 in diverse structural configurations such as core/shell quantum dots, seeded nanorods, and nanoplatelets, incorporated with magnetic ions such as Mn2+, Ni2+, and Cu1+/2+ are highlighted. These materials have recently been investigated by us using state-of-the-art steady-state and transient optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy to explore individual spin-dynamics between the photogenerated carriers and magnetic ions and their dependence on morphology, location, crystal composition, and type of the magnetic ion. The information extracted from the analyses of the ODMR spectra in those studies exposes fundamental physical parameters, such as g-factors, exchange coupling constants, and hyperfine interactions, together providing insights into the nature of the carrier (electron, hole, dopant), its local surroundings (isotropic/anisotropic), and spin dynamics. The findings illuminate the importance of ODMR spectroscopy in advancing our understanding of the role of magnetic ions in semiconductor nanocrystals and offer valuable knowledge for designing magnetic materials intended for various spin-related technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dehnel
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Adi Harchol
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yahel Barak
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Itay Meir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Faris Horani
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA
| | - Arthur Shapiro
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rotem Strassberg
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Celso de Mello Donegá
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Luminous Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, TPI, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University-NTU Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Türkiye
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA
| | - Kusha Sharma
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Efrat Lifshitz
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun Q, Ge B, Xiao B, Li F, Ji L, Yin Z, Guo J, Tang J, Zhou C, Jie W, Zhu M, Xu Y. High-Performance Industrial-Grade CsPbBr 3 Single Crystal by Solid-Liquid Interface Engineering. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302236. [PMID: 37282775 PMCID: PMC10427374 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic metal halide perovskite CsPbBr3 crystal is regarded as an attractive alternative to high purity Ge and CdZnTe for room temperature γ-ray detection. However, high γ-ray resolution is only observable in small CsPbBr3 crystal; more practical and deployable large crystal exhibits very low, and even no detection efficiency, thereby thwarting prospects for cost-effective room temperature γ-ray detection. The poor performance of large crystal is attributed to the unexpected secondary phase inclusion during crystal growth, which traps the generated carriers. Here, the solid-liquid interface during crystal growth is engineered by optimizing the temperature gradient and growth velocity. This minimizes the unfavorable formation of the secondary phase, leading to industrial-grade crystals with a diameter of 30 mm. This excellent-quality crystal exhibits remarkably high carrier mobility of 35.4 cm2 V-1 s-1 and resolves the peak of 137 Cs@ 662 keV γ-ray at an energy resolution of 9.91%. These values are the highest among previously reported large crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Bangzhi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Bao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Fangpei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Leilei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Ziang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Jia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Chongjian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Wanqi Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Menghua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Yadong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing & Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesMIITSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Harkort C, Kudlacik D, Kopteva NE, Yakovlev DR, Karzel M, Kirstein E, Hordiichuk O, Kovalenko MV, Bayer M. Spin-Flip Raman Scattering on Electrons and Holes in Two-Dimensional (PEA) 2 PbI 4 Perovskites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300988. [PMID: 37066731 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The class of Ruddlesden-Popper type (PEA)2 PbI4 perovskites comprises 2D structures whose optical properties are determined by excitons with a large binding energy of about 260 meV. It complements the family of other 2D semiconductor materials by having the band structure typical for lead halide perovskites, that can be considered as inverted compared to conventional III-V and II-VI semiconductors. Accordingly, novel spin phenomena can be expected for them. Spin-flip Raman scattering is used here to measure the Zeeman splitting of electrons and holes in a magnetic field up to 10 T. From the recorded data, the electron and hole Landé factors (g-factors) are evaluated, their signs are determined, and their anisotropies are measured. The electron g-factor value changes from +2.11 out-of-plane to +2.50 in-plane, while the hole g-factor ranges between -0.13 and -0.51. The spin flips of the resident carriers are arranged via their interaction with photogenerated excitons. Also the double spin-flip process, where a resident electron and a resident hole interact with the same exciton, is observed showing a cumulative Raman shift. Dynamic nuclear spin polarization induced by spin-polarized holes is detected in corresponding changes of the hole Zeeman splitting. An Overhauser field of the polarized nuclei acting on the holes as large as 0.6 T can be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Harkort
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Kudlacik
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Natalia E Kopteva
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marek Karzel
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Erik Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oleh Hordiichuk
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cai R, Wadgaonkar I, Lim JWM, Dal Forno S, Giovanni D, Feng M, Ye S, Battiato M, Sum TC. Zero-field quantum beats and spin decoherence mechanisms in CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2472. [PMID: 37120626 PMCID: PMC10148794 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37721-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coherent optical manipulation of exciton states provides a fascinating approach for quantum gating and ultrafast switching. However, their coherence time for incumbent semiconductors is highly susceptible to thermal decoherence and inhomogeneous broadening effects. Here, we uncover zero-field exciton quantum beating and anomalous temperature dependence of the exciton spin lifetimes in CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) ensembles. The quantum beating between two exciton fine-structure splitting (FSS) levels enables coherent ultrafast optical control of the excitonic degree of freedom. From the anomalous temperature dependence, we identify and fully parametrize all the regimes of exciton spin depolarization, finding that approaching room temperature, it is dominated by a motional narrowing process governed by the exciton multilevel coherence. Importantly, our results present an unambiguous full physical picture of the complex interplay of the underlying spin decoherence mechanisms. These intrinsic exciton FSS states in perovskite NCs present fresh opportunities for spin-based photonic quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cai
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Indrajit Wadgaonkar
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Wei Melvin Lim
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- ERI@N, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefano Dal Forno
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Giovanni
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minjun Feng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Senyun Ye
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marco Battiato
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Laitz M, Kaplan AEK, Deschamps J, Barotov U, Proppe AH, García-Benito I, Osherov A, Grancini G, deQuilettes DW, Nelson KA, Bawendi MG, Bulović V. Uncovering temperature-dependent exciton-polariton relaxation mechanisms in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2426. [PMID: 37105984 PMCID: PMC10140020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid perovskites have emerged as a promising material candidate for exciton-polariton (polariton) optoelectronics. Thermodynamically, low-threshold Bose-Einstein condensation requires efficient scattering to the polariton energy dispersion minimum, and many applications demand precise control of polariton interactions. Thus far, the primary mechanisms by which polaritons relax in perovskites remains unclear. In this work, we perform temperature-dependent measurements of polaritons in low-dimensional perovskite wedged microcavities achieving a Rabi splitting of [Formula: see text] = 260 ± 5 meV. We change the Hopfield coefficients by moving the optical excitation along the cavity wedge and thus tune the strength of the primary polariton relaxation mechanisms in this material. We observe the polariton bottleneck regime and show that it can be overcome by harnessing the interplay between the different excitonic species whose corresponding dynamics are modified by strong coupling. This work provides an understanding of polariton relaxation in perovskites benefiting from efficient, material-specific relaxation pathways and intracavity pumping schemes from thermally brightened excitonic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Laitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander E K Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jude Deschamps
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ulugbek Barotov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew H Proppe
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Inés García-Benito
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Osherov
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Grancini
- Department of Chemistry & INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dane W deQuilettes
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Keith A Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Moungi G Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir Bulović
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Universal scaling laws for charge-carrier interactions with quantum confinement in lead-halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:229. [PMID: 36646706 PMCID: PMC9842747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites open great prospects for optoelectronics and a wealth of potential applications in quantum optical and spin-based technologies. Precise knowledge of the fundamental optical and spin properties of charge-carrier complexes at the origin of their luminescence is crucial in view of the development of these applications. On nearly bulk Cesium-Lead-Bromide single perovskite nanocrystals, which are the test bench materials for next-generation devices as well as theoretical modeling, we perform low temperature magneto-optical spectroscopy to reveal their entire band-edge exciton fine structure and charge-complex binding energies. We demonstrate that the ground exciton state is dark and lays several millielectronvolts below the lowest bright exciton sublevels, which settles the debate on the bright-dark exciton level ordering in these materials. More importantly, combining these results with spectroscopic measurements on various perovskite nanocrystal compounds, we show evidence for universal scaling laws relating the exciton fine structure splitting, the trion and biexciton binding energies to the band-edge exciton energy in lead-halide perovskite nanostructures, regardless of their chemical composition. These scaling laws solely based on quantum confinement effects and dimensionless energies offer a general predictive picture for the interaction energies within charge-carrier complexes photo-generated in these emerging semiconductor nanostructures.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kirstein E, Zhukov EA, Yakovlev DR, Kopteva NE, Harkort C, Kudlacik D, Hordiichuk O, Kovalenko MV, Bayer M. Coherent Spin Dynamics of Electrons in Two-Dimensional (PEA) 2PbI 4 Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:205-212. [PMID: 36574606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The versatile potential of lead halide perovskites and two-dimensional materials is merged in the Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites having outstanding optical properties. Here, the coherent spin dynamics in Ruddlesden-Popper (PEA)2PbI4 perovskites is investigated by picosecond pump-probe Kerr rotation in an external magnetic field. The Larmor spin precession of resident electrons with a spin dephasing time of 190 ps is identified. The longitudinal spin relaxation time in weak magnetic fields measured by the spin inertia method is as long as 25 μs. A significant anisotropy of the electron g-factor with the in-plane value of +2.45 and out-of-plane value of +2.05 is found. The exciton out-of-plane g-factor of +1.6 is measured by magneto-reflectivity. This work contributes to the understanding of the spin-dependent properties of two-dimensional perovskites and their spin dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Kirstein
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Zhukov
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nataliia E Kopteva
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carolin Harkort
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Kudlacik
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oleh Hordiichuk
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
- EMPA-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
- EMPA-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimental Physics 2, Department of Physics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Marcato T, Krumeich F, Shih CJ. Confinement-Tunable Transition Dipole Moment Orientation in Perovskite Nanoplatelet Solids and Binary Blends. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18459-18471. [PMID: 36350363 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the transition dipole moment (TDM) orientation in low-dimensional semiconductors is of fundamental and practical interest, as it enables high-efficiency nanophotonics and light-emitting diodes. However, despite recent progress in nanomaterials physics and chemistry, material systems that allow continuous tuning of the TDM orientation remain rare. Here, combining k-space photoluminescence spectroscopy and multiscale modeling, we demonstrate that the TDM orientation in lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanoplatelet (NPL) solids is largely confinement-tunable through the NPL geometry that regulates the anisotropy of Bloch states, dielectric confinement, and exciton fine structure. We further quantified the role of uniaxial ordering during NPL assembly in modifying the macroscopic emission directionality of thin films, which is especially important in actual optoelectronic devices. Our theoretical framework successfully corroborates the previous prediction of exciton bright level order reversal with experimental evidence of a counterintuitive reduction of in-plane dipole ratio in ultrathin (one- and two-monolayer-thick) NPLs, even at room temperature. More interestingly, the NPLs retain their TDM orientation in binary blends irrespective of interparticle energy transfer, owing to the phase segregation and NPL-NPL decoupling, enabling the design of films whose fluorescence exhibits an intrinsic angle-dependent color gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Marcato
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, 8093Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Krumeich
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, 8093Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Z, Zhang R, Mao X, Zheng D, Liu S, Liu F, Han K, Yang B. Boosting the Self-Trapped Exciton Emission in Cs 2NaYCl 6 Double Perovskite Single Crystals and Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8613-8619. [PMID: 36073976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Halide double perovskites have aroused substantial research interest because of their unique optical properties and intriguing flexibility for various compositional adjustments. Herein, we report the synthesis and photophysics of rare-earth element yttrium (Y)-based double perovskite single crystals (SCs) and nanocrystals (NCs). The pristine Cs2NaYCl6 bulk SCs exhibit a weak sky-blue emission with a low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 7.68% based on the self-trapped exciton (STE), while no PL emission was observed for NCs. Excitingly, the STE emission of SCs and NCs is greatly enhanced via Sb3+ doping. The optimized Cs2NaYCl6:Sb3+ SCs and NCs exhibit high PLQYs up to 82.5% and 51.8%, respectively. Theoretical calculations and charge-carrier dynamic studies demonstrate that the giant emission enhancement after Sb3+ doping is related with the enhancement of the sensitization of the emissive STE states, the passivating of the nonradiative carrier trapping processes, and the regulation of carrier-phonon coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
| | - Xin Mao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
| | - Daoyuan Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
| | - Siping Liu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
| | - Keli Han
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023 P.R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Belykh VV, Skorikov ML, Kulebyakina EV, Kolobkova EV, Kuznetsova MS, Glazov MM, Yakovlev DR. Submillisecond Spin Relaxation in CsPb(Cl,Br) 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals in a Glass Matrix. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4583-4588. [PMID: 35621509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals in a glass matrix are a promising platform for optoelectronic applications due to their excellent optical properties combined with outstanding stability against the environment. We reveal the potential of this system for spintronics by studying the electron spin properties of CsPb(Cl,Br)3 nanocrystals in a fluorophosphate glass matrix. Using optical spin orientation and spin depolarization with a radio frequency field, we measure longitudinal spin relaxation time, T1, reaching several hundreds of microseconds at low temperatures. This time T1 corresponds to a spin state with a small g factor, which we attribute to a weakly exchange-coupled electron-hole pair with antiparallel spins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasilii V Belykh
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail L Skorikov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniya V Kulebyakina
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Kolobkova
- St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Research Center for Optical Materials Science, ITMO University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria S Kuznetsova
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Glazov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kirstein E, Yakovlev DR, Glazov MM, Zhukov EA, Kudlacik D, Kalitukha IV, Sapega VF, Dimitriev GS, Semina MA, Nestoklon MO, Ivchenko EL, Kopteva NE, Dirin DN, Nazarenko O, Kovalenko MV, Baumann A, Höcker J, Dyakonov V, Bayer M. The Landé factors of electrons and holes in lead halide perovskites: universal dependence on the band gap. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3062. [PMID: 35654813 PMCID: PMC9163162 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Landé or g-factors of charge carriers are decisive for the spin-dependent phenomena in solids and provide also information about the underlying electronic band structure. We present a comprehensive set of experimental data for values and anisotropies of the electron and hole Landé factors in hybrid organic-inorganic (MAPbI3, MAPb(Br0.5Cl0.5)3, MAPb(Br0.05Cl0.95)3, FAPbBr3, FA0.9Cs0.1PbI2.8Br0.2, MA=methylammonium and FA=formamidinium) and all-inorganic (CsPbBr3) lead halide perovskites, determined by pump-probe Kerr rotation and spin-flip Raman scattering in magnetic fields up to 10 T at cryogenic temperatures. Further, we use first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations in combination with tight-binding and k ⋅ p approaches to calculate microscopically the Landé factors. The results demonstrate their universal dependence on the band gap energy across the different perovskite material classes, which can be summarized in a universal semi-phenomenological expression, in good agreement with experiment. The Landé factors govern all the spin-related basic phenomena and are the key parameters which guide spintronics applications. Here, Kirstein et al. demonstrate a universal dependence of the Landé factors on the bandgap energy of several perovskite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - D R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany. .,Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - M M Glazov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E A Zhukov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D Kudlacik
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - I V Kalitukha
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V F Sapega
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - G S Dimitriev
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M A Semina
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M O Nestoklon
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E L Ivchenko
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N E Kopteva
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D N Dirin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Nazarenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M V Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Advanced Materials and Surfaces, Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - A Baumann
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Höcker
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - V Dyakonov
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Posmyk K, Zawadzka N, Dyksik M, Surrente A, Maude DK, Kazimierczuk T, Babiński A, Molas MR, Paritmongkol W, Mączka M, Tisdale WA, Płochocka P, Baranowski M. Quantification of Exciton Fine Structure Splitting in a Two-Dimensional Perovskite Compound. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4463-4469. [PMID: 35561248 PMCID: PMC9150119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Applications of two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have significantly outpaced the understanding of many fundamental aspects of their photophysics. The optical response of 2D lead halide perovskites is dominated by strongly bound excitonic states. However, a comprehensive experimental verification of the exciton fine structure splitting and associated transition symmetries remains elusive. Here we employ low temperature magneto-optical spectroscopy to reveal the exciton fine structure of (PEA)2PbI4 (here PEA is phenylethylammonium) single crystals. We observe two orthogonally polarized bright in-plane free exciton (FX) states, both accompanied by a manifold of phonon-dressed states that preserve the polarization of the corresponding FX state. Introducing a magnetic field perpendicular to the 2D plane, we resolve the lowest energy dark exciton state, which although theoretically predicted, has systematically escaped experimental observation (in Faraday configuration) until now. These results corroborate standard multiband, effective-mass theories for the exciton fine structure in 2D perovskites and provide valuable quantification of the fine structure splitting in (PEA)2PbI4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Posmyk
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Zawadzka
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dyksik
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse
3, INSA-T, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Duncan K. Maude
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse
3, INSA-T, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Tomasz Kazimierczuk
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Babiński
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej R. Molas
- Institute
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mirosław Mączka
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paulina Płochocka
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse
3, INSA-T, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Michał Baranowski
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Garcia-Arellano G, Trippé-Allard G, Campos T, Bernardot F, Legrand L, Garrot D, Deleporte E, Testelin C, Chamarro M. Unexpected Anisotropy of the Electron and Hole Landé g-Factors in Perovskite CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Polycrystalline Films. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091399. [PMID: 35564108 PMCID: PMC9105229 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we studied, at low temperature, the coherent evolution of the localized electron and hole spins in a polycrystalline film of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI) by using a picosecond-photo-induced Faraday rotation technique in an oblique magnetic field. We observed an unexpected anisotropy for the electron and hole spin. We determined the electron and hole Landé factors when the magnetic field was applied in the plane of the film and perpendicular to the exciting light, denoted as transverse ⟂ factors, and when the magnetic field was applied perpendicular to the film and parallel to the exciting light, denoted as parallel ∥ factors. We obtained |ge,⟂|=2.600 ± 0.004, |ge,∥|=1.604 ± 0.033 for the electron and |gh,⟂|=0.406 ± 0.002, |gh,∥|=0.299 ± 0.007 for the hole. Possible origins of this anisotropy are discussed herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Garcia-Arellano
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.G.-A.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Gaëlle Trippé-Allard
- LuMIn (Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces), CentraleSupélec, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.T.-A.); (T.C.); (E.D.)
| | - Thomas Campos
- LuMIn (Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces), CentraleSupélec, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.T.-A.); (T.C.); (E.D.)
- Institut Photovoltaïque d’Île-de-France (IPVF), F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Frédérick Bernardot
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.G.-A.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Laurent Legrand
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.G.-A.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Damien Garrot
- GEMaC (Groupe d’Etude de la Matière Condensée), CNRS, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78000 Versailles, France;
| | - Emmanuelle Deleporte
- LuMIn (Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces), CentraleSupélec, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.T.-A.); (T.C.); (E.D.)
| | - Christophe Testelin
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.G.-A.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Maria Chamarro
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.G.-A.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tang Y, Yin C, Jing Q, Zhang C, Yu ZG, Lu Z, Xiao M, Wang X. Quantized Exciton Motion and Fine Energy-Level Structure of a Single Perovskite Nanowire. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2907-2914. [PMID: 35362973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The quantum-confinement effect profoundly influences the exciton energy-level structures and recombination dynamics of semiconductor nanostructures but remains largely unexplored in traditional one-dimensional nanowires mainly due to their poor optical qualities. Here, we show that in defect-tolerant perovskite material of highly luminescent CsPbBr3 nanowires, the exciton's center-of-mass motion perpendicular to the axial direction is severely confined. This is reflected in the two sets of photoluminescence spectra emitted from a single CsPbBr3 nanowire, each of which consists of doublet peaks with linear polarizations perpendicular and parallel to the axial direction. Moreover, different exciton states can be mixed by the Rashba spin-orbit coupling effect, resulting in two single photoluminescence peaks with linear polarizations both along the nanowire axis. The above findings mark the emergence of an ideal platform for the exploration of intrinsic one-dimensional exciton photophysics and optoelectronics, thus bridging the long-missing research gap between the well-studied two- and zero-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chunyang Yin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qiang Jing
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yu
- Sivananthan Laboratories, Bolingbrook, Illinois 60440, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Zhenda Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Transient quantum beatings of trions in hybrid organic tri-iodine perovskite single crystal. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1428. [PMID: 35301328 PMCID: PMC8931091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilizing the spin degree of freedom of photoexcitations in hybrid organic inorganic perovskites for quantum information science applications has been recently proposed and explored. However, it is still unclear whether the stable photoexcitations in these compounds correspond to excitons, free/trapped electron-hole pairs, or charged exciton complexes such as trions. Here we investigate quantum beating oscillations in the picosecond time-resolved circularly polarized photoinduced reflection of single crystal methyl-ammonium tri-iodine perovskite (MAPbI3) measured at cryogenic temperatures. We observe two quantum beating oscillations (fast and slow) whose frequencies increase linearly with B with slopes that depend on the crystal orientation with respect to the applied magnetic field. We assign the quantum beatings to positive and negative trions whose Landé g-factors are determined by those of the electron and hole, respectively, or by the carriers left behind after trion recombination. These are \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${g}_{[001]}^{e}$$\end{document}g[001]e = 2.52 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${g}_{[1\bar{1}0]}^{e}\,$$\end{document}g[11¯0]e= 2.63 for electrons, whereas \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\big|{g}_{[001]}^{h}\big|\,$$\end{document}g[001]h= 0.28 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\big|{g}_{[1\bar{1}0]}^{h}\big|\,$$\end{document}g[11¯0]h= 0.57 for holes. The obtained g-values are in excellent agreement with an 8-band K.P calculation for orthorhombic MAPbI3. Using the technique of resonant spin amplification of the quantum beatings we measure a relatively long spin coherence time of ~ 11 (6) nanoseconds for electrons (holes) at 4 K. Understanding photo-physics giving rise to quantum beating oscillations in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites aids their applications in spintronics and quantum information science. Here, authors demonstrate that quantum beatings observed in single crystal perovskite at cryogenic temperatures are originating from positive and negative trions.
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu M, Wang J, Liang G, Luo X, Zhao G, He S, Wang L, Liang W, Li J, Wu K. Spin-enabled photochemistry using nanocrystal-molecule hybrids. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
27
|
Walsh KM, Pressler K, Crane MJ, Gamelin DR. Ferromagnetism and Spin-Polarized Luminescence in Lead-Free CsEuCl 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals and Thin Films. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2569-2576. [PMID: 35072451 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of next-generation spintronic and spin-photonic technologies will be aided by the development of materials showing strongly coupled magnetic, electronic, and optical properties. Through a combination of magneto-photoluminescence and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopies we demonstrate strong magneto-optical responses from CsEuCl3 perovskite nanocrystals and thin films in the near-UV/visible region, stemming from the f-d transitions centered at the B-site Eu2+ cations. We show that this material undergoes a ferromagnetic phase transition at ∼3 K in both the nanocrystal and thin-film samples, resulting in complete spin alignment and indicating intrinsic ferromagnetism. We also report the observation of spin-polarized photoluminescence in the presence of a magnetic field at cryogenic temperatures, saturating with a large polarization ratio (ΔI/I = (IL - IR)/(IL + IR)) of nearly 30% at modest magnetic fields (∼2 T). These results highlight CsEuCl3 as an intrinsically ferromagnetic, luminescent metal-halide perovskite with potentially interesting implications for future spin-based technologies using perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Kimo Pressler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Matthew J Crane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gramlich M, Swift MW, Lampe C, Lyons JL, Döblinger M, Efros AL, Sercel PC, Urban AS. Dark and Bright Excitons in Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103013. [PMID: 34939751 PMCID: PMC8844578 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs), with their large exciton binding energy, narrow photoluminescence (PL), and absence of dielectric screening for photons emitted normal to the NPL surface, could be expected to become the fastest luminophores amongst all colloidal nanostructures. However, super-fast emission is suppressed by a dark (optically passive) exciton ground state, substantially split from a higher-lying bright (optically active) state. Here, the exciton fine structure in 2-8 monolayer (ML) thick Csn - 1 Pbn Br3n + 1 NPLs is revealed by merging temperature-resolved PL spectra and time-resolved PL decay with an effective mass model taking quantum confinement and dielectric confinement anisotropy into account. This approach exposes a thickness-dependent bright-dark exciton splitting reaching 32.3 meV for the 2 ML NPLs. The model also reveals a 5-16 meV splitting of the bright exciton states with transition dipoles polarized parallel and perpendicular to the NPL surfaces, the order of which is reversed for the thinnest NPLs, as confirmed by TR-PL measurements. Accordingly, the individual bright states must be taken into account, while the dark exciton state strongly affects the optical properties of the thinnest NPLs even at room temperature. Significantly, the derived model can be generalized for any isotropically or anisotropically confined nanostructure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gramlich
- Nanospectroscopy GroupNano‐Institute MunichDepartment of PhysicsLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München (LMU)Munich80539Germany
| | - Michael W. Swift
- Center for Computational Materials ScienceU.S. Naval Research LaboratoryWashington D.C.20375USA
| | - Carola Lampe
- Nanospectroscopy GroupNano‐Institute MunichDepartment of PhysicsLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München (LMU)Munich80539Germany
| | - John L. Lyons
- Center for Computational Materials ScienceU.S. Naval Research LaboratoryWashington D.C.20375USA
| | - Markus Döblinger
- Department of ChemistryLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München (LMU) & Center for NanoScience (CeNS)Munich81377Germany
| | - Alexander L. Efros
- Center for Computational Materials ScienceU.S. Naval Research LaboratoryWashington D.C.20375USA
| | - Peter C. Sercel
- Center for Hybrid Organic Inorganic Semiconductors for EnergyGoldenCO80401USA
| | - Alexander S. Urban
- Nanospectroscopy GroupNano‐Institute MunichDepartment of PhysicsLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München (LMU)Munich80539Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tang B, Li G, Ru X, Gao Y, Li Z, Shen H, Yao HB, Fan F, Du J. Evaluating Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals as a Spin Laser Gain Medium. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:658-664. [PMID: 34994571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spin-polarized charge endows conventional lasers with not only new functionalities but also reduced lasing thresholds thanks to the lifting of spin degeneracy. II-VI and III-V semiconductors have been extensively investigated as spin laser gain mediums; however, the degree of polarization is limited by the light hole and heavy hole degeneracy. Herein, we evaluate the potential of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals─ones that are featured with low band-edge degeneracy and therefore a high degree of polarization as a result of inverted band structure and large spin-orbit coupling─as a gain medium for spin lasers. Our experiment and numerical modeling results reveal that, within the spin relaxation lifetime, the optical gain threshold can be depressed by polarizing the charge using circularly polarized photoexcitation. However, prolonging the spin relaxation lifetime is required to realize a spin laser.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and ‡School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guihai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and ‡School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xuechen Ru
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zidu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and ‡School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Huaibin Shen
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hong-Bin Yao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fengjia Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and ‡School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and ‡School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang J, Liu J. In situ construction of a Te/CsPbBr 3 heterojunction for self-powered photodetector. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2729-2735. [PMID: 35425291 PMCID: PMC8979205 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, CsPbBr3 particles were prepared by a simple solvent evaporation method in ambient environment; the p–n heterojunction formed by CsPbBr3 particles on the surface of a single long Te wire was used to construct a high-performance Te/CsPbBr3 photodetector. Compared with CsPbBr3 PDs, the Te/CsPbBr3 photodetector showed improved photocurrent, and exhibited characteristics of excellent self-powered performance, broad-spectrum response (UV-visible), and ultra-fast response speed (trise = 0.09 ms). In addition, under zero bias and upon 540 nm light irradiation, the device had good responsivity (0.35 mA W−1), high photosensitivity (up to 100 on/off ratio), and a detectivity of 1.42 × 1010 Jones. This study provides insight into the possibility of manufacturing high-performance self-powered photodetectors through a simple in situ construction of heterojunctions. In this study, CsPbBr3 particles were prepared by a simple solvent evaporation method in ambient environment; the p–n heterojunction formed by CsPbBr3 particles on the surface of a single long Te wire was used to construct a high-performance Te/CsPbBr3 photodetector.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology Changshu 215500 China .,Suzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Lighting and Display Technologies China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology Changshu 215500 China .,Suzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Lighting and Display Technologies China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ai B, Fan Z, Wong ZJ. Plasmonic-perovskite solar cells, light emitters, and sensors. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 35070349 PMCID: PMC8752666 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of plasmonics explores the interaction between light and metallic micro/nanostructures and films. The collective oscillation of free electrons on metallic surfaces enables subwavelength optical confinement and enhanced light-matter interactions. In optoelectronics, perovskite materials are particularly attractive due to their excellent absorption, emission, and carrier transport properties, which lead to the improved performance of solar cells, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, photodetectors, and sensors. When perovskite materials are coupled with plasmonic structures, the device performance significantly improves owing to strong near-field and far-field optical enhancements, as well as the plasmoelectric effect. Here, we review recent theoretical and experimental works on plasmonic perovskite solar cells, light emitters, and sensors. The underlying physical mechanisms, design routes, device performances, and optimization strategies are summarized. This review also lays out challenges and future directions for the plasmonic perovskite research field toward next-generation optoelectronic technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ai
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
- School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, 400044 Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bioperception & Intelligent Information Processing, 400044 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Fan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Zi Jing Wong
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kirstein E, Yakovlev DR, Glazov MM, Evers E, Zhukov EA, Belykh VV, Kopteva NE, Kudlacik D, Nazarenko O, Dirin DN, Kovalenko MV, Bayer M. Lead-Dominated Hyperfine Interaction Impacting the Carrier Spin Dynamics in Halide Perovskites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105263. [PMID: 34606138 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The outstanding optical quality of lead halide perovskites inspires studies of their potential for the optical control of carrier spins as pursued in other materials. Entering largely uncharted territory, time-resolved pump-probe Kerr rotation is used to explore the coherent spin dynamics of electrons and holes in bulk formamidinium caesium lead iodine bromide (FA0.9 Cs0.1 PbI2.8 Br0.2 ) and to determine key parameters characterizing interactions of their spins, such as the g-factors and relaxation times. The demonstrated long spin dynamics and narrow g-factor distribution prove the perovskites as promising competitors for conventional semiconductors in spintronics. The dynamic nuclear polarization via spin-oriented holes is realized and the identification of the lead (207 Pb) isotope in optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance proves that the hole-nuclei interaction is dominated by the lead ions. A detailed theoretical analysis accounting for the specifics of the lead halide perovskite materials allows the evaluation of the underlying hyperfine interaction constants, both for electrons and holes. Recombination and spin dynamics evidence that at low temperatures, photogenerated electrons and holes are localized at different regions of the perovskite crystal, resulting in their long lifetimes up to 44 μs. The findings form the base for the tailored development of spin-optoelectronic applications for the large family of lead halide perovskites and their nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Kirstein
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Glazov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
| | - Eiko Evers
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Zhukov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
| | - Vasilii V Belykh
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nataliia E Kopteva
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Kudlacik
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Olga Nazarenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ha Y, Park JG, Hong KH, Kim H. Enhanced Light Emission through Symmetry Engineering of Halide Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:297-305. [PMID: 34958207 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) have attracted tremendous attention as active materials in optoelectronic devices. For light-emitting diode (LED) applications, nanostructuring of MHPs is considered to be inevitable, but its light-enhancement mechanism is still elusive because the particle (or grain) size is often beyond the quantum confinement regime. As motivated by the experimental finding that the nanostructuring can change the preferred crystalline symmetry from the orthorhombic phase to the high-symmetric cubic phase, we here investigated the carrier dynamics in various polymorphic phases of CsPbBr3 using ab initio quantum dynamics simulation. We found that the cubic phase shows a smaller inelastic phonon scattering than the orthorhombic phase; the suppression of the octahedral tilt minimizes the longitudinal Br fluctuation and helps disentangle the A-site cation dynamics from the nonadiabatic carrier dynamics. We thus anticipate that our present work will offer a material design principle to enhance the quantum yield of MHPs via symmetry engineering, which will help develop highly luminescent LED technology based on MHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhoo Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Goo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ha Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kempf M, Schubert A, Schwartz R, Korn T. Two-color Kerr microscopy of two-dimensional materials with sub-picosecond time resolution. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:113904. [PMID: 34852534 DOI: 10.1063/5.0058110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a two-color Kerr microscopy system based on two electronically synchronized erbium-fiber laser oscillators with independently tunable emission energies spanning most of the visible spectrum. Combining a spatial resolution below 2 μm and sub-ps time resolution with high sensitivity and cryogenic sample temperatures, it is ideally suited for studying spin and valley dynamics in a wide range of two-dimensional materials. We illustrate its capabilities by studying a monolayer of the common semiconducting transition metal disulfide MoS2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kempf
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - A Schubert
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Schwartz
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Korn
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Dey A, Ye J, De A, Debroye E, Ha SK, Bladt E, Kshirsagar AS, Wang Z, Yin J, Wang Y, Quan LN, Yan F, Gao M, Li X, Shamsi J, Debnath T, Cao M, Scheel MA, Kumar S, Steele JA, Gerhard M, Chouhan L, Xu K, Wu XG, Li Y, Zhang Y, Dutta A, Han C, Vincon I, Rogach AL, Nag A, Samanta A, Korgel BA, Shih CJ, Gamelin DR, Son DH, Zeng H, Zhong H, Sun H, Demir HV, Scheblykin IG, Mora-Seró I, Stolarczyk JK, Zhang JZ, Feldmann J, Hofkens J, Luther JM, Pérez-Prieto J, Li L, Manna L, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Roeffaers MBJ, Pradhan N, Mohammed OF, Bakr OM, Yang P, Müller-Buschbaum P, Kamat PV, Bao Q, Zhang Q, Krahne R, Galian RE, Stranks SD, Bals S, Biju V, Tisdale WA, Yan Y, Hoye RLZ, Polavarapu L. State of the Art and Prospects for Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10775-10981. [PMID: 34137264 PMCID: PMC8482768 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites have rapidly emerged as one of the most promising materials of the 21st century, with many exciting properties and great potential for a broad range of applications, from photovoltaics to optoelectronics and photocatalysis. The ease with which metal-halide perovskites can be synthesized in the form of brightly luminescent colloidal nanocrystals, as well as their tunable and intriguing optical and electronic properties, has attracted researchers from different disciplines of science and technology. In the last few years, there has been a significant progress in the shape-controlled synthesis of perovskite nanocrystals and understanding of their properties and applications. In this comprehensive review, researchers having expertise in different fields (chemistry, physics, and device engineering) of metal-halide perovskite nanocrystals have joined together to provide a state of the art overview and future prospects of metal-halide perovskite nanocrystal research.
Collapse
Grants
- from U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- European Research Council under the European Unionâ??s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (HYPERION)
- Ministry of Education - Singapore
- FLAG-ERA JTC2019 project PeroGas.
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy
- EPSRC
- iBOF funding
- Agencia Estatal de Investigaci�ón, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci�ón y Universidades
- National Research Foundation Singapore
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Croucher Foundation
- US NSF
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Science Foundation
- Royal Society and Tata Group
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China
- Research 12210 Foundation?Flanders
- Japan International Cooperation Agency
- Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under Project STABLE
- Generalitat Valenciana via Prometeo Grant Q-Devices
- VetenskapsrÃÂ¥det
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
- KU Leuven
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Generalitat Valenciana
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research
- Ministerio de EconomÃÂa y Competitividad
- Royal Academy of Engineering
- Hercules Foundation
- China Association for Science and Technology
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- Wenner-Gren Foundation
- Welch Foundation
- Vlaamse regering
- European Commission
- Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Dey
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Junzhi Ye
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Apurba De
- School of
Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Elke Debroye
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seung Kyun Ha
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eva Bladt
- EMAT, University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center
of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anuraj S. Kshirsagar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Ziyu Wang
- School
of
Science and Technology for Optoelectronic Information ,Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264005, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Division
of Physical Science and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry
and Physics group, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas,
Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yue Wang
- MIIT Key
Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of
Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Li Na Quan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fei Yan
- LUMINOUS!
Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, TPI-The
Photonics Institute, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaoming Li
- MIIT Key
Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of
Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Javad Shamsi
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Tushar Debnath
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Muhan Cao
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Manuel A. Scheel
- Lehrstuhl
für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH-Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julian A. Steele
- MACS Department
of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marina Gerhard
- Chemical
Physics and NanoLund Lund University, PO Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lata Chouhan
- Graduate
School of Environmental Science and Research Institute for Electronic
Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Ke Xu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Multiscale
Crystal Materials Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced
Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xian-gang Wu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems,
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian
District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics
(CFP), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R.
| | - Yangning Zhang
- McKetta
Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Anirban Dutta
- School
of Materials Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Chuang Han
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Ilka Vincon
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey L. Rogach
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics
(CFP), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R.
| | - Angshuman Nag
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Anunay Samanta
- School of
Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Brian A. Korgel
- McKetta
Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH-Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel R. Gamelin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Haibo Zeng
- MIIT Key
Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of
Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems,
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian
District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Handong Sun
- Division
of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- Centre
for Disruptive Photonic Technologies (CDPT), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- LUMINOUS!
Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, TPI-The
Photonics Institute, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Division
of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics,
UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ivan G. Scheblykin
- Chemical
Physics and NanoLund Lund University, PO Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Jacek K. Stolarczyk
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Jin Z. Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Jochen Feldmann
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Joseph M. Luther
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Liang Li
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and § Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, Vladimir
Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and § Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, Vladimir
Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Narayan Pradhan
- School
of Materials Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Omar F. Mohammed
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Catalysis
Center, King Abdullah University of Science
and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Osman M. Bakr
- Division
of Physical Science and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl
für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz
Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität
München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Prashant V. Kamat
- Notre Dame
Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence
in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Roman Krahne
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Raquel E. Galian
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Samuel D. Stranks
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT, University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center
of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Graduate
School of Environmental Science and Research Institute for Electronic
Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yong Yan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Robert L. Z. Hoye
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry
and Physics group, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas,
Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang K, Zhao J, Hu Q, Yang S, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Huang R, Ma Y, Wang Z, Ouyang Z, Han J, Han Y, Tang J, Tong W, Zhang L, Zhai T. Room-Temperature Magnetic Field Effect on Excitonic Photoluminescence in Perovskite Nanocrystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008225. [PMID: 34114270 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic-field-enhanced spin-polarized electronic/optical properties in semiconductors are crucial for fabricating various spintronic devices. However, this spin polarization is governed by weak spin exchange interactions and easily randomized by thermal fluctuations; therefore, it is only produced at cryogenic temperatures, which severely limits the applications. Herein, a room-temperature intrinsic magnetic field effect (MFE) on excitonic photoluminescence is achieved in CsPbX3 :Mn (X = Cl, Br) perovskite nanocrystals. Through moderate Mn doping, the MFE is enhanced by exciton-Mn interactions, and through partial Br substitution, the MFE is stabilized at room temperature by exciton orbital ordering. The orbital ordering significantly enhances the g-factor difference between electrons and holes, which is evidenced by a parallel orbit-orbit interaction among excitons generated by circular polarized laser excitation. This study provides a clear avenue for engineering spintronic materials based on orbital interactions in perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xixiang Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ruiqin Huang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yongfu Ma
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwen Ouyang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Junbo Han
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Han
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu W, Li Y, Yu H, Wang J, Hu A, Jia S, Li X, Yang H, Dai L, Lu G, Liu Y, Wang S, Gong Q. Imaging and Controlling Photonic Modes in Perovskite Microcavities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100775. [PMID: 33987871 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite microcavities have excellent photophysical properties for integrated optoelectronic devices, such as nanolasers. Imaging and controlling the photonic modes within the cavity are fundamentally important to understand and develop applications. Here, photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) is used to image the photonic modes within optical microcavities with a nanometer-scale spatial resolution. From a CsPbBr3 microcavity, hybrid mode patterns are observed. Spatial frequency spectrum analysis on the patterns uncovers the characteristic cavity modes, which are modeled with transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) waves, and assigned to exciton-polariton modes. Based on this understanding, the light focus in a designed microcavity is imaged in real space and controlled by the light field polarization. The study confirms that the cavity modes in perovskites can be effectively observed by the PEEM technique under resonant excitation, which, in turn, promotes the design of optoelectronic devices based on perovskite microcavities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yaolong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haoran Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ju Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Aiqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shangtong Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lun Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yunquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Crane MJ, Jacoby LM, Cohen TA, Huang Y, Luscombe CK, Gamelin DR. Coherent Spin Precession and Lifetime-Limited Spin Dephasing in CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8626-8633. [PMID: 33238099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carrier spins in semiconductor nanocrystals are promising candidates for quantum information processing. Using a combination of time-resolved Faraday rotation and photoluminescence spectroscopies, we demonstrate optical spin polarization and coherent spin precession in colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals that persists up to room temperature. By suppressing the influence of inhomogeneous hyperfine fields with a small applied magnetic field, we demonstrate inhomogeneous hole transverse spin-dephasing times (T2*) that approach the nanocrystal photoluminescence lifetime, such that nearly all emitted photons derive from coherent hole spins. Thermally activated LO phonons drive additional spin dephasing at elevated temperatures, but coherent spin precession is still observed at room temperature. These data reveal several major distinctions between spins in nanocrystalline and bulk CsPbBr3 and open the door for using metal-halide perovskite nanocrystals in spin-based quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Crane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Laura M Jacoby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Theodore A Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1652, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Yunping Huang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Christine K Luscombe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1652, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1652, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhao W, Su R, Huang Y, Wu J, Fong CF, Feng J, Xiong Q. Transient circular dichroism and exciton spin dynamics in all-inorganic halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5665. [PMID: 33168828 PMCID: PMC7653957 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All-inorganic metal halides perovskites (CsPbX3, X = Br or Cl) show strong excitonic and spin-orbital coupling effects, underpinning spin-selective excitonic transitions and therefore exhibiting great promise for spintronics and quantum-optics applications. Here we report spin-dependent optical nonlinearities in CsPbX3 single crystals by using ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy. Many-body interactions between spin-polarized excitons act like a pseudo-magnetic field and thus lift the degeneracy of spin states resulting in a photoinduced circular dichroism. Such spontaneous spin splitting between “spin-up” and “spin-down” excitons can be several tens of milli-electron volts under intense excitations. The exciton spin relaxation time is ~20 picoseconds at very low pump fluence, the longest reported in the metal halides perovskites family at room temperature. The dominant spin-flip mechanism is attributed to the electron-hole exchange interactions. Our results provide essential understandings towards realizing practical spintronics applications of perovskite semiconductors. Strong excitonic effects and spin-orbit coupling in all-inorganic halide perovskite is promising for spintronic application, yet the spin-dependent phenomenon is not well understood. Here, the authors reveal that many-body interactions between spin-polarized excitons act like pseudo-magnetic field, lifting the degeneracy and resulting in circular dichroism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rui Su
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jinqi Wu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chee Fai Fong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Qihua Xiong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore. .,State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Steinmetz V, Ramade J, Legrand L, Barisien T, Bernardot F, Lhuillier E, Bernard M, Vabre M, Saïdi I, Ghribi A, Boujdaria K, Testelin C, Chamarro M. Anisotropic shape of CsPbBr 3 colloidal nanocrystals: from 1D to 2D confinement effects. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:18978-18986. [PMID: 32915178 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03901b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized strongly anisotropic CsPbBr3 nanocrystals with very narrow emission and absorption lines associated to confinement effects along one or two dimensions, called respectively nanoplatelets (NPLs) and nanosticks (NSTs). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images, absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra taken at low temperature are very precise tools to determine which kind of confinement has to be considered and to deduce the shape, the size and the thickness of nanocrystals under focus. We show that the energy of the band-edge absorption and PL peaks versus the inverse of the square of the NPL thickness has a linear behaviour from 11 monolayers (MLs) i.e. a thickness of 6.38 nm, until 4 MLs (2.32 nm) showing that self-energy correction compensates the increase of the exciton binding energy in thin NPLs as already observed in Cadmium chalcogenides-based NPLs. We also show that slight changes in the morphology of NSTs leads to a very drastic modification of their absorption spectra. Time-resolved PL of NSTs has a non-monotonous behaviour with temperature. At 5 K, a quasi-single exponential with a lifetime of 80 ps is obtained; at intermediate temperature, the decay is bi-exponential and at 150 K, a quasi-single exponential decay is recovered (≈0.4 ns). For NSTs, the exciton interaction with LO phonons governs the broadening of the absorption and PL peaks at room temperature and is stronger than in chalcogenides quantum dots and NPLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Violette Steinmetz
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ji Z, Liu Y, Li W, Zhao C, Mai W. Reducing current fluctuation of Cs 3Bi 2Br 9 perovskite photodetectors for diffuse reflection imaging with wide dynamic range. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1371-1379. [PMID: 36659216 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the newly booming metal halide perovskites have attracted extensive attention worldwide due to their outstanding optoelectronic performance, and are expected to be ideal candidates for photodetectors (PDs). However, there is still lack of perovskite PDs-based imaging devices coming into commercialization stage, due to some practical reasons including toxicity brought by lead-based perovskites and the large light current fluctuations. In this paper, for the first time we fabricate a lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite PD, and build a prototype of this perovskite PD-based imaging system with diffuse reflection imaging mode. Moreover, we propose a new parameter F related to light current fluctuation to evaluate imaging performance of a PD especially for weak diffuse light condition, and prove its usability by comparison of unoptimized lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite PD and atomic layer deposition (ALD) optimized Cs3Bi2Br9 PD. ALD-optimization can improve the quality of perovskite film and suppress the dark current and current fluctuation. Finally, we obtain satisfactory diffuse reflection images of 2D and 3D objects with wide dynamic range. Therefore, the ALD-optimized Cs3Bi2Br9 PD has addressed two major concerns about perovskite PDs-based imaging devices, that may extend application of perovskite materials and improve imaging quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ji
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yujin Liu
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanjun Li
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chuanxi Zhao
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wenjie Mai
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Y, Guo S, Yan X, Yang X, Yu J, Liu H, Dang C. Flexible, ultra-stable and color tunable fluorescent films based on all inorganic perovskite quantum dots embedded in polymer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:345706. [PMID: 32403099 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab92c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal perovskite CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (CPNCs)/polymers composites have attracted extensive attention due to their potential to be developed as flexible phosphor films for lighting applications. However, to maintain high quantum efficiency and photo stability of CPNCs in such composites remains a daunting challenge. Here, we have demonstrated a layered composite structure consisting of CPNCs and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with multi-color emission and long-term stability. By tuning the molar ratio between CsPbCl1.58Br1.42 and CsPbBr1.35I1.65, flexible fluorescent films as down-converter layers with a high luminescent efficiency and a controllable color temperature spanning from 3194 K to 5901 K have been demonstrated. Furthermore, due to embedding inside such composites, the quantum efficiency of CPNCs exhibited negligible changes during seven months in ambient conditions. The carrier dynamics based on time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) and transient absorption spectroscopy reveal that the hot electron tunneling and trapping process are significant in the composite film. This work provides a good understanding of CPNC materials in complex composite for the development of flexible, robust, color controllable fluorescent films for lighting applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Photonics Institute (TPI), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bourelle SA, Shivanna R, Camargo FVA, Ghosh S, Gillett AJ, Senanayak SP, Feldmann S, Eyre L, Ashoka A, van de Goor TWJ, Abolins H, Winkler T, Cerullo G, Friend RH, Deschler F. How Exciton Interactions Control Spin-Depolarization in Layered Hybrid Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5678-5685. [PMID: 32574069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using circularly polarized broadband transient absorption, time-resolved circular photoluminescence, and transient Faraday rotation spectroscopy, we report that spin-dependent interactions have a significant impact on exciton energies and spin depolarization times in layered Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid metal-halide perovskites. In BA2FAPb2I7, we report that room-temperature spin lifetimes are largest (3.2 ps) at a carrier density of ∼1017 cm-3 with increasing depolarization rates at higher exciton densities. This indicates that many-body interactions reduce spin-lifetimes and outcompete the effect of D'yakonov-Perel precessional relaxation that has been previously reported at lower carrier densities. We further observe a dynamic circular dichroism that arises from a photoinduced polarization in the exciton distribution between total angular momentum states. Our findings provide fundamental and application relevant insights into the spin-dependent exciton-exciton interactions in layered hybrid perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Bourelle
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Ravichandran Shivanna
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Franco V A Camargo
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alexander J Gillett
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Satyaprasad P Senanayak
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Lissa Eyre
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Walter-Schottky-Institute, Physics Department, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Arjun Ashoka
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Tim W J van de Goor
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Haralds Abolins
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Richard H Friend
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Deschler
- Walter-Schottky-Institute, Physics Department, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Schuster O, Wientjes P, Shrestha S, Levchuk I, Sytnyk M, Matt GJ, Osvet A, Batentschuk M, Heiss W, Brabec CJ, Fauster T, Niesner D. Looking beyond the Surface: The Band Gap of Bulk Methylammonium Lead Iodide. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3090-3097. [PMID: 32283026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the intense research on photovoltaic lead halide perovskites, reported optical properties as basic as the absorption onset and the optical band gap vary significantly. To unambiguously answer the question whether the discrepancies are a result of differences between bulk and "near-surface" material, we perform two nonlinear spectroscopies with drastically different information depths on single crystals of the prototypical (CH3NH3)PbI3 methylammonium lead iodide. Two-photon absorption, detected via the resulting generation of carriers and photocurrents (2PI-PC), probes the interband transitions with an information depth in the millimeter range relevant for bulk (single-crystal) material. In contrast, the transient magneto-optical Kerr effect (trMOKE) measured in a reflection geometry determines the excitonic transition energies in the region near (hundreds of nm) the surface which also determine the optical properties in typical thin films. To identify differences between structural phases, we sweep the sample temperature across the orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition temperature. In the application-relevant room-temperature tetragonal phase (at 170 K), we find a bulk band gap of 1.55 ± 0.01 eV, whereas in the near-surface region excitonic transitions occur at 1.59 ± 0.01 eV. The latter value is consistent with previous reflectance measurements by other groups and considerably higher than the bulk band gap. The small band gap of the bulk material explains the extended infrared absorption of crystalline perovskite solar cells, the low-energy bands which carry optically driven spin-polarized currents, and the narrow bandwidth of crystalline perovskite photodetectors making use of the spectral filtering at the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Schuster
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Wientjes
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shreetu Shrestha
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ievgen Levchuk
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mykhailo Sytnyk
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Energy Campus Nürnberg, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Gebhard J Matt
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andres Osvet
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miroslaw Batentschuk
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Heiss
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Energy Campus Nürnberg, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg (HiErN), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Fauster
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Niesner
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sabatini RP, Liao C, Bernardi S, Mao W, Rahme MS, Widmer‐Cooper A, Bach U, Huang S, Ho‐Baillie AWY, Lakhwani G. Solution-Processed Faraday Rotators Using Single Crystal Lead Halide Perovskites. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902950. [PMID: 32274305 PMCID: PMC7141042 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have become a promising alternative for a wide range of optoelectronic devices, thanks to their solution-processability and impressive optical and electrical properties. More recently, LHPs have been investigated in magneto-optic studies and have exhibited spin-polarized emission, photoinduced magnetization, and long spin lifetimes. Here, the viability of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) single crystals as solution-processed Faraday rotators is demonstrated. Compared to terbium gallium garnet, the industry standard in the visible, it is found that MAPbBr3 exhibits Verdet constants (i.e., strength of Faraday effect) of similar or greater magnitude (up to 2.5x higher), with lower temperature dependence. Due to its low trap absorption, it is calculated that an optical isolator made from MAPbBr3, with appropriate antireflection coatings, should reach ≈95% transmission and achieve 40 dB isolation for incoming powers of over 2 W. It is also shown that the Verdet constant of MAPbBr3 can be calculated accurately from its dispersion in refractive index, allowing the possibility to predict similar effects in other perovskite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randy P Sabatini
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceSchool of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Chwenhaw Liao
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP)School of Photovoltaic and Renewable EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydney2052Australia
| | - Stefano Bernardi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceSchool of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Wenxin Mao
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceDepartment of Chemical EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - Matthew S. Rahme
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceSchool of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Asaph Widmer‐Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceSchool of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Udo Bach
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceDepartment of Chemical EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - Shujuan Huang
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP)School of Photovoltaic and Renewable EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydney2052Australia
- School of EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia
| | - Anita W. Y. Ho‐Baillie
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP)School of Photovoltaic and Renewable EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydney2052Australia
- School of PhysicsUniversity of Sydney Nanoscience InstituteThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Girish Lakhwani
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton ScienceSchool of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gu Z, Zhou Z, Huang Z, Wang K, Cai Z, Hu X, Li L, Li M, Zhao YS, Song Y. Controllable Growth of High-Quality Inorganic Perovskite Microplate Arrays for Functional Optoelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1908006. [PMID: 32166844 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic perovskite single crystals have emerged as promising vapor-phase processable structures for optoelectronic devices. However, because of material lattice mismatch and uncontrolled nucleation, vapor-phase methods have been restricted to random distribution of single crystals that are difficult to perform for integrated device arrays. Herein, an effective strategy to control the vapor-phase growth of high-quality cesium lead bromide perovskite (CsPbBr3 ) microplate arrays with uniform morphology as well as controlled location and size is reported. By introducing perovskite seeds on substrates, intractable lattice mismatches and random nucleation barriers are surpassed, and the epitaxial growth of perovskite crystals is accurately controlled. It is further demonstrated that CsPbBr3 microplate arrays can be monolithically integrated on substrates for the fabrication of high-performance lasers and photodetectors. This strategy provides a facile approach to fabricate high-quality CsPbBr3 microplates with controllable size and location, which offers new opportunities for the scalable production of integrated optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Gu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghao Zhou
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhandong Huang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zheren Cai
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Folie BD, Tan JA, Huang J, Sercel PC, Delor M, Lai M, Lyons JL, Bernstein N, Efros AL, Yang P, Ginsberg NS. Effect of Anisotropic Confinement on Electronic Structure and Dynamics of Band Edge Excitons in Inorganic Perovskite Nanowires. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1867-1876. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter C. Sercel
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena California 91125, United States
| | | | | | - John L. Lyons
- Center for Computational Material Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Noam Bernstein
- Center for Computational Material Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Alexander L. Efros
- Center for Computational Material Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Peidong Yang
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Naomi S. Ginsberg
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhou M, Sarmiento JS, Fei C, Zhang X, Wang H. Effect of Composition on the Spin Relaxation of Lead Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1502-1507. [PMID: 32017571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have been promising candidates in spintronics applications; however, the mechanism of spin relaxation is still unclear. Here, we compare the temperature-dependent spin dynamics of four perovskite films (XPbY3) with different compositions (X = CH3NH3, Cs; Y = I, Br). The room-temperature net spin lifetime is found to increase as the molar mass decreases, indicating the dominant role of spin orbital coupling in their spin relaxation. As the temperature is reduced from room temperature to 77 K, the spin relaxations in CH3NH3PbI3 and CsPbI3 are significantly slowed down while those of CH3NH3PbBr3 and CsPbBr3 are only slightly changed. Based on the analysis of phonon scattering of perovskites, it is suggested that two different mechanisms, Elliot-Yafet in which spin flips upon momentum scattering and D'yakonov-Perel in which spin relaxes between momentum scattering, are responsible for the spin relaxation in XPbI3 and XPbBr3 (X = CH3NH3, Cs), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department of Physics , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Julio S Sarmiento
- Department of Physics , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Chengbin Fei
- Department of Physics , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Department of Physics , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - He Wang
- Department of Physics , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ibaceta-Jaña J, Muydinov R, Rosado P, Mirhosseini H, Chugh M, Nazarenko O, Dirin DN, Heinrich D, Wagner MR, Kühne TD, Szyszka B, Kovalenko MV, Hoffmann A. Vibrational dynamics in lead halide hybrid perovskites investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5604-5614. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the incorporation of Cs+ and Br− in FAPbl3 investigated by Raman spectroscopy.
Collapse
|