1
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Bernasconi R, Kuster GM. Non-coding RNAs and their potential exploitation in cancer therapy-related cardiotoxicity. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38802331 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy in cancer patients has been extended in recent years, thanks to major breakthroughs in therapeutic developments. However, this also unmasked an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in cancer survivors, which is in part attributable to cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have received much appreciation due to their impact on gene expression. NcRNAs, which include microRNAs, long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, are non-protein-coding transcripts that are involved in the regulation of various biological processes, hence shaping cell identity and behaviour. They have also been implicated in disease development, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and, more recently, cancer therapy-associated cardiotoxicity. This review outlines key features of cancer therapy-associated cardiotoxicity, what is known about the roles of ncRNAs in these processes and how ncRNAs could be exploited as therapeutic targets for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bernasconi
- Myocardial Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Kuster
- Myocardial Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Brown SD, Klimi E, Bakker WAM, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Non-coding RNAs to treat vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38773733 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) dysfunction is a critical contributor to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, restenosis and vein graft failure. Recent advances have unveiled a fascinating range of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in regulating vSMC function. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms underlying vSMC dysfunction and the therapeutic potential of various ncRNAs in mitigating this dysfunction, either preventing or reversing it. We explore the intricate interplay of microRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, shedding light on their roles in regulating key signalling pathways associated with vSMC dysfunction. We also discuss the prospects and challenges associated with developing ncRNA-based therapies for this prevalent type of cardiovascular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Brown
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eftychia Klimi
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Beslika E, Leite-Moreira A, De Windt LJ, da Costa Martins PA. Large animal models of pressure overload-induced cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy to study remodelling of the human heart with aortic stenosis. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:461-475. [PMID: 38428029 PMCID: PMC11060489 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathologic cardiac hypertrophy is a common consequence of many cardiovascular diseases, including aortic stenosis (AS). AS is known to increase the pressure load of the left ventricle, causing a compensative response of the cardiac muscle, which progressively will lead to dilation and heart failure. At a cellular level, this corresponds to a considerable increase in the size of cardiomyocytes, known as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, while their proliferation capacity is attenuated upon the first developmental stages. Cardiomyocytes, in order to cope with the increased workload (overload), suffer alterations in their morphology, nuclear content, energy metabolism, intracellular homeostatic mechanisms, contractile activity, and cell death mechanisms. Moreover, modifications in the cardiomyocyte niche, involving inflammation, immune infiltration, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, contribute to the subsequent events of a pathologic hypertrophic response. Considering the emerging need for a better understanding of the condition and treatment improvement, as the only available treatment option of AS consists of surgical interventions at a late stage of the disease, when the cardiac muscle state is irreversible, large animal models have been developed to mimic the human condition, to the greatest extend. Smaller animal models lack physiological, cellular and molecular mechanisms that sufficiently resemblance humans and in vitro techniques yet fail to provide adequate complexity. Animals, such as the ferret (Mustello purtorius furo), lapine (rabbit, Oryctolagus cunigulus), feline (cat, Felis catus), canine (dog, Canis lupus familiaris), ovine (sheep, Ovis aries), and porcine (pig, Sus scrofa), have contributed to research by elucidating implicated cellular and molecular mechanisms of the condition. Essential discoveries of each model are reported and discussed briefly in this review. Results of large animal experimentation could further be interpreted aiming at prevention of the disease progress or, alternatively, at regression of the implicated pathologic mechanisms to a physiologic state. This review summarizes the important aspects of the pathophysiology of LV hypertrophy and the applied surgical large animal models that currently better mimic the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Beslika
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Leon J De Windt
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Paula A da Costa Martins
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
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4
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Chatterjee S, Leach-Mehrwald M, Huang CK, Xiao K, Fuchs M, Otto M, Lu D, Dang V, Winkler T, Dunbar CE, Thum T, Bär C. Telomerase is essential for cardiac differentiation and sustained metabolism of human cardiomyocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:196. [PMID: 38658440 PMCID: PMC11043037 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Telomeres as the protective ends of linear chromosomes, are synthesized by the enzyme telomerase (TERT). Critically short telomeres essentially contribute to aging-related diseases and are associated with a broad spectrum of disorders known as telomeropathies. In cardiomyocytes, telomere length is strongly correlated with cardiomyopathies but it remains ambiguous whether short telomeres are the cause or the result of the disease. In this study, we employed an inducible CRISPRi human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line to silence TERT expression enabling the generation of hiPSCs and hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes with long and short telomeres. Reduced telomerase activity and shorter telomere lengths of hiPSCs induced global transcriptomic changes associated with cardiac developmental pathways. Consequently, the differentiation potential towards cardiomyocytes was strongly impaired and single cell RNA sequencing revealed a shift towards a more smooth muscle cell like identity in the cells with the shortest telomeres. Poor cardiomyocyte function and increased sensitivity to stress directly correlated with the extent of telomere shortening. Collectively our data demonstrates a TERT dependent cardiomyogenic differentiation defect, highlighting the CRISPRi TERT hiPSCs model as a powerful platform to study the mechanisms and consequences of short telomeres in the heart and also in the context of telomeropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhabi Chatterjee
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center of Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Megan Leach-Mehrwald
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cheng-Kai Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ke Xiao
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fuchs
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mandy Otto
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dongchao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center of Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vinh Dang
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia E Dunbar
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center of Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Center of Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
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5
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Angeli E, Jordan M, Otto M, Stojanović SD, Karsdal M, Bauersachs J, Thum T, Fiedler J, Genovese F. The role of fibrosis in cardiomyopathies: An opportunity to develop novel biomarkers of disease activity. Matrix Biol 2024; 128:65-78. [PMID: 38423395 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies encompass a spectrum of heart disorders with diverse causes and presentations. Fibrosis stands out as a shared hallmark among various cardiomyopathies, reflecting a common thread in their pathogenesis. This prevalent fibrotic response is intricately linked to the consequences of dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, emphasizing its significance in the development and progression the disease. This review explores the ECM involvement in various cardiomyopathies and its impact on myocardial stiffness and fibrosis. Additionally, we discuss the potential of ECM fragments as early diagnosis, prognosis, and risk stratification. Biomarkers deriving from turnover of collagens and other ECM proteins hold promise in clinical applications. We outline current clinical management, future directions, and the potential for personalized ECM-targeted therapies with specific focus on microRNAs. In summary, this review examines the role of the fibrosis in cardiomyopathies, highlighting the potential of ECM-derived biomarkers in improving disease management with implications for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Angeli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Maria Jordan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Mandy Otto
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Stevan D Stojanović
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany; Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | | | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), Hanover, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Federica Genovese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Dankar R, Wehbi J, Refaat MM. Tailoring Treatment in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Targeted Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:461. [PMID: 38675122 PMCID: PMC11054164 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. To address this public health burden, innovative therapeutic agents are being developed to specifically target molecular and genetic markers. Various therapeutic modalities have been implemented, including vaccines, monoclonal or bispecific antibodies, and gene-based therapies. Such drugs precisely target the underlying disease pathophysiology, aiming at notable molecules such as lipid metabolism regulators, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors. This review focuses on the latest advancements in different targeted therapies. It provides an insightful overview of the current landscape of targeted cardiovascular therapies, highlighting promising strategies with potential to transform the treatment of CVDs into an era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Dankar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (R.D.); (J.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Jad Wehbi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (R.D.); (J.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Marwan M. Refaat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (R.D.); (J.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
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7
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Nappi F. Non-Coding RNA-Targeted Therapy: A State-of-the-Art Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3630. [PMID: 38612441 PMCID: PMC11011542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as drug targets is being researched due to their discovery and their role in disease. Targeting ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), is an attractive approach for treating various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. This seminar discusses the current status of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets in different pathological conditions. Regarding miRNA-based drugs, this approach has made significant progress in preclinical and clinical testing for cardiovascular diseases, where the limitations of conventional pharmacotherapy are evident. The challenges of miRNA-based drugs, including specificity, delivery, and tolerability, will be discussed. New approaches to improve their success will be explored. Furthermore, it extensively discusses the potential development of targeted therapies for cardiovascular disease. Finally, this document reports on the recent advances in identifying and characterizing microRNAs, manipulating them, and translating them into clinical applications. It also addresses the challenges and perspectives towards clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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8
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Caporali A, Anwar M, Devaux Y, Katare R, Martelli F, Srivastava PK, Pedrazzini T, Emanueli C. Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in ischaemic heart disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01001-5. [PMID: 38499868 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The adult heart is a complex, multicellular organ that is subjected to a series of regulatory stimuli and circuits and has poor reparative potential. Despite progress in our understanding of disease mechanisms and in the quality of health care, ischaemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death globally, owing to adverse cardiac remodelling, leading to ischaemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Therapeutic targets are urgently required for the protection and repair of the ischaemic heart. Moreover, personalized clinical biomarkers are necessary for clinical diagnosis, medical management and to inform the individual response to treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) deeply influence cardiovascular functions and contribute to communication between cells in the cardiac microenvironment and between the heart and other organs. As such, ncRNAs are candidates for translation into clinical practice. However, ncRNA biology has not yet been completely deciphered, given that classes and modes of action have emerged only in the past 5 years. In this Review, we discuss the latest discoveries from basic research on ncRNAs and highlight both the clinical value and the challenges underscoring the translation of these molecules as biomarkers and therapeutic regulators of the processes contributing to the initiation, progression and potentially the prevention or resolution of ischaemic heart disease and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maryam Anwar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxemburg
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Thierry Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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9
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Dzau VJ, Hodgkinson CP. RNA Therapeutics for the Cardiovascular System. Circulation 2024; 149:707-716. [PMID: 38408142 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.067373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics hold significant promise in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. RNAs are biologically diverse and functionally specific and can be used for gain- or loss-of-function purposes. The effectiveness of mRNA-based vaccines in the recent COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly proven the benefits of an RNA-based approach. RNA-based therapies are becoming more common as a treatment modality for cardiovascular disease. This is most evident in hypertension where several small interfering RNA-based drugs have proven to be effective in managing high blood pressure in several clinical trials. As befits a rapidly burgeoning field, there is significant interest in other classes of RNA. Revascularization of the infarcted heart through an mRNA drug is under clinical investigation. mRNA technology may provide the platform for the expression of paracrine factors for myocardial protection and regeneration. Emergent technologies on the basis of microRNAs and gene editing are tackling complex diseases in a novel fashion. RNA-based gene editing offers hope of permanent cures for monogenic cardiovascular diseases, and long-term control of complex diseases such as essential hypertension, as well. Likewise, microRNAs are proving effective in regenerating cardiac muscle. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current landscape of RNA-based therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The review describes the large number of RNA molecules that exist with a discussion of the clinical development of each RNA type. In addition, the review also presents a number of avenues for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor J Dzau
- Mandel Center for Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.J.D., C.P.H.)
- National Academy of Medicine, Washington, DC (V.J.D.)
| | - Conrad P Hodgkinson
- Mandel Center for Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (V.J.D., C.P.H.)
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10
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García-Hidalgo MC, Benítez ID, Perez-Pons M, Molinero M, Belmonte T, Rodríguez-Muñoz C, Aguilà M, Santisteve S, Torres G, Moncusí-Moix A, Gort-Paniello C, Peláez R, Larráyoz IM, Caballero J, Barberà C, Nova-Lamperti E, Torres A, González J, Barbé F, de Gonzalo-Calvo D. MicroRNA-guided drug discovery for mitigating persistent pulmonary complications in critical COVID-19 survivors: A longitudinal pilot study. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38359818 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection pose a significant global challenge, with nearly 50% of critical COVID-19 survivors manifesting persistent lung abnormalities. The lack of understanding about the molecular mechanisms and effective treatments hampers their management. Here, we employed microRNA (miRNA) profiling to decipher the systemic molecular underpinnings of the persistent pulmonary complications. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We conducted a longitudinal investigation including 119 critical COVID-19 survivors. A comprehensive pulmonary evaluation was performed in the short-term (median = 94.0 days after hospital discharge) and long-term (median = 358 days after hospital discharge). Plasma miRNAs were quantified at the short-term evaluation using the gold-standard technique, RT-qPCR. The analyses combined machine learning feature selection techniques with bioinformatic investigations. Two additional datasets were incorporated for validation. KEY RESULTS In the short-term, 84% of the survivors exhibited impaired lung diffusion (DLCO < 80% of predicted). One year post-discharge, 54.4% of this patient subgroup still presented abnormal DLCO . Four feature selection methods identified two specific miRNAs, miR-9-5p and miR-486-5p, linked to persistent lung dysfunction. The downstream experimentally validated targetome included 1473 genes, with heterogeneous enriched pathways associated with inflammation, angiogenesis and cell senescence. Validation studies using RNA-sequencing and proteomic datasets emphasized the pivotal roles of cell migration and tissue repair in persistent lung dysfunction. The repositioning potential of the miRNA targets was limited. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our study reveals early mechanistic pathways contributing to persistent lung dysfunction in critical COVID-19 survivors, offering a promising approach for the development of targeted disease-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C García-Hidalgo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván D Benítez
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Perez-Pons
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Molinero
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thalía Belmonte
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Aguilà
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Sally Santisteve
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Torres
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Group of Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Moncusí-Moix
- Group of Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Clara Gort-Paniello
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Peláez
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegenerative Diseases Area Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Ignacio M Larráyoz
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegenerative Diseases Area Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
- BIAS, Department of Nursing, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Caballero
- Grup de Recerca Medicina Intensiva, Intensive Care Department Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - Carme Barberà
- Intensive Care Department, University Hospital Santa María, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Estefania Nova-Lamperti
- Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Antoni Torres
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pneumology Department, Clinic Institute of Thorax (ICT), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Insitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), ICREA, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica González
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Rossler KJ, de Lange WJ, Mann MW, Aballo TJ, Melby JA, Zhang J, Kim G, Bayne EF, Zhu Y, Farrell ET, Kamp TJ, Ralphe JC, Ge Y. Lactate- and immunomagnetic-purified hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes generate comparable engineered cardiac tissue constructs. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e172168. [PMID: 37988170 PMCID: PMC10906451 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional engineered cardiac tissue (ECT) using purified human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) has emerged as an appealing model system for the study of human cardiac biology and disease. A recent study reported widely used metabolic (lactate) purification of monolayer hiPSC-CM cultures results in an ischemic cardiomyopathy-like phenotype compared with magnetic antibody-based cell sorting (MACS) purification, complicating the interpretation of studies using lactate-purified hiPSC-CMs. Herein, our objective was to determine if use of lactate relative to MACS-purified hiPSC-CMs affects the properties of resulting hiPSC-ECTs. Therefore, hiPSC-CMs were differentiated and purified using either lactate-based media or MACS. Global proteomics revealed that lactate-purified hiPSC-CMs displayed a differential phenotype over MACS hiPSC-CMs. hiPSC-CMs were then integrated into 3D hiPSC-ECTs and cultured for 4 weeks. Structurally, there was no significant difference in sarcomere length between lactate and MACS hiPSC-ECTs. Assessment of isometric twitch force and Ca2+ transient measurements revealed similar functional performance between purification methods. High-resolution mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics showed no significant difference in protein pathway expression or myofilament proteoforms. Taken together, this study demonstrates that lactate- and MACS-purified hiPSC-CMs generate ECTs with comparable structural, functional, and proteomic features, and it suggests that lactate purification does not result in an irreversible change in a hiPSC-CM phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina J. Rossler
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology
| | | | | | - Timothy J. Aballo
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology
| | | | | | | | | | - Yanlong Zhu
- Human Proteomics Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Timothy J. Kamp
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology
- Department of Medicine
| | | | - Ying Ge
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology
- Department of Chemistry, and
- Human Proteomics Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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12
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Ananthamohan K, Stelzer JE, Sadayappan S. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in MYBPC3 carriers in aging. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:9. [PMID: 38406555 PMCID: PMC10883298 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the myocardium, leading to arrhythmias, heart failure, and elevated risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly among the young. This inherited disease is predominantly caused by mutations in sarcomeric genes, among which those in the cardiac myosin binding protein-C3 (MYBPC3) gene are major contributors. HCM associated with MYBPC3 mutations usually presents in the elderly and ranges from asymptomatic to symptomatic forms, affecting numerous cardiac functions and presenting significant health risks with a spectrum of clinical manifestations. Regulation of MYBPC3 expression involves various transcriptional and translational mechanisms, yet the destiny of mutant MYBPC3 mRNA and protein in late-onset HCM remains unclear. Pathogenesis related to MYBPC3 mutations includes nonsense-mediated decay, alternative splicing, and ubiquitin-proteasome system events, leading to allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency. Aging further exacerbates the severity of HCM in carriers of MYBPC3 mutations. Advancements in high-throughput omics techniques have identified crucial molecular events and regulatory disruptions in cardiomyocytes expressing MYBPC3 variants. This review assesses the pathogenic mechanisms that promote late-onset HCM through the lens of transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modulation of MYBPC3, underscoring its significance in HCM across carriers. The review also evaluates the influence of aging on these processes and MYBPC3 levels during HCM pathogenesis in the elderly. While pinpointing targets for novel medical interventions to conserve cardiac function remains challenging, the emergence of personalized omics offers promising avenues for future HCM treatments, particularly for late-onset cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Ananthamohan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Julian E. Stelzer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 45267, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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13
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Viereck J, Thum T. Development of a Mechanism-Based Next-Generation Therapeutic for Heart Failure Derived From the Dark Genome. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1595-1598. [PMID: 38205345 PMCID: PMC10774590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The ability of nucleic acids for intramolecular interactions opens manifold opportunities for novel medicines that have the potential to treat intractable human disorders, including heart disease. In this context, microRNAs have been identified as pleiotropic regulators of disease pathways and consequently as powerful therapeutic targets. With antisense oligonucleotides novel drug modalities are available to specifically inhibit as well as correct derailed microRNAs including pathological downstream pathways potentially restoring hallmarks of disease. However, only a handful of microRNA-targeting drugs underwent clinical testing so far, and none in the cardiovascular field. In this paper, the authors introduce the first-ever microRNA-based therapy that entered clinical trials in heart disease and present the previous development from target identification to first-in-human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Thum
- Cardior Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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14
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Peng Y, Liao B, Zhou Y, Zeng W. Ginsenoside Rb2 improves heart failure by down-regulating miR-216a-5p to promote autophagy and inhibit apoptosis and oxidative stress. J Appl Biomed 2023; 21:180-192. [PMID: 38112457 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginsenoside Rb2 is beneficial in cardiovascular disease treatment, yet its role in heart failure (HF) is obscure. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rb2 on HF. METHODS The left anterior descending branch-ligated HF rat model and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) H9c2 cell model were constructed. Ginsenoside Rb2 were applied for intervention. Heart function indexes, miR-216a-5p expression, autophagy, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell morphology, and proliferation were detected to explore the effect of ginsenoside Rb2 on HF. Overexpression of miR-216a-5p was employed to explore the specific mechanism of ginsenoside Rb2 on HF. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rb2 improved the heart function of HF rats, including the reduction of heart rate, LVEDP, and heart weight/body weight ratio, and the increase of LVSP, +dP/dtmax, -dP/dtmax, LVEF, and LVFS. It also down-regulated miR-216a-5p expression and enhanced OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte viability. Ginsenoside Rb2 up-regulated Bcl2, LC3B II/I, and Beclin1, and down-regulated Bax, Caspase-3, and p62 in the myocardium of HF rats and OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. Moreover, ginsenoside Rb2 increased the levels of SOD and CAT, but decreased the levels of MDA and ROS in the myocardium of HF rats and OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. However, overexpression of miR-216a-5p promoted the apoptosis and oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes and inhibited autophagy, thus reversing the therapeutic effect of ginsenoside Rb2 on HF in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rb2 demonstrated potential as a therapeutic intervention for HF by enhancing autophagy and reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress through miR-216a-5p downregulation. Further research could explore its application in clinical trials and investigate the complex mechanism networks underlying its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Center of Geriatric, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Research Institute of Geriatrics, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Major Chronic Disease Research Center of Hunan Provincial Geriatric Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Center of Geriatric, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Center of Geriatric, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Center of Geriatric, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Poller W, Sahoo S, Hajjar R, Landmesser U, Krichevsky AM. Exploration of the Noncoding Genome for Human-Specific Therapeutic Targets-Recent Insights at Molecular and Cellular Level. Cells 2023; 12:2660. [PMID: 37998395 PMCID: PMC10670380 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While it is well known that 98-99% of the human genome does not encode proteins, but are nevertheless transcriptionally active and give rise to a broad spectrum of noncoding RNAs [ncRNAs] with complex regulatory and structural functions, specific functions have so far been assigned to only a tiny fraction of all known transcripts. On the other hand, the striking observation of an overwhelmingly growing fraction of ncRNAs, in contrast to an only modest increase in the number of protein-coding genes, during evolution from simple organisms to humans, strongly suggests critical but so far essentially unexplored roles of the noncoding genome for human health and disease pathogenesis. Research into the vast realm of the noncoding genome during the past decades thus lead to a profoundly enhanced appreciation of the multi-level complexity of the human genome. Here, we address a few of the many huge remaining knowledge gaps and consider some newly emerging questions and concepts of research. We attempt to provide an up-to-date assessment of recent insights obtained by molecular and cell biological methods, and by the application of systems biology approaches. Specifically, we discuss current data regarding two topics of high current interest: (1) By which mechanisms could evolutionary recent ncRNAs with critical regulatory functions in a broad spectrum of cell types (neural, immune, cardiovascular) constitute novel therapeutic targets in human diseases? (2) Since noncoding genome evolution is causally linked to brain evolution, and given the profound interactions between brain and immune system, could human-specific brain-expressed ncRNAs play a direct or indirect (immune-mediated) role in human diseases? Synergistic with remarkable recent progress regarding delivery, efficacy, and safety of nucleic acid-based therapies, the ongoing large-scale exploration of the noncoding genome for human-specific therapeutic targets is encouraging to proceed with the development and clinical evaluation of novel therapeutic pathways suggested by these research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Poller
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Roger Hajjar
- Gene & Cell Therapy Institute, Mass General Brigham, 65 Landsdowne St, Suite 143, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany;
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna M. Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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16
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Ciccarelli M, Pires IF, Bauersachs J, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Dawson D, Hamdani N, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, van Laake LW, Lezoualc'h F, Linke WA, Lunde IG, Rainer PP, Rispoli A, Visco V, Carrizzo A, Ferro MD, Stolfo D, van der Velden J, Zacchigna S, Heymans S, Thum T, Tocchetti CG. Acute heart failure: mechanisms and pre-clinical models-a Scientific Statement of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2390-2404. [PMID: 37967390 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While chronic heart failure (CHF) treatment has considerably improved patient prognosis and survival, the therapeutic management of acute heart failure (AHF) has remained virtually unchanged in the last decades. This is partly due to the scarcity of pre-clinical models for the pathophysiological assessment and, consequently, the limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in the different AHF phenotypes. This scientific statement outlines the different trajectories from acute to CHF originating from the interaction between aetiology, genetic and environmental factors, and comorbidities. Furthermore, we discuss the potential molecular targets capable of unveiling new therapeutic perspectives to improve the outcome of the acute phase and counteracting the evolution towards CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciccarelli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Inês Falcão Pires
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dana Dawson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St.Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Linda W van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Division of Diagnostics and Technology (DDT), Akershus University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz - University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Antonella Rispoli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Valeria Visco
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiopathology-I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Ferro
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Stolfo
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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17
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Shen S, Zhang J, Han Y, Pu C, Duan Q, Huang J, Yan B, You X, Lin R, Shen X, Qiu X, Hou H. A Core-Shell Nanoreinforced Ion-Conductive Implantable Hydrogel Bioelectronic Patch with High Sensitivity and Bioactivity for Real-Time Synchronous Heart Monitoring and Repairing. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301990. [PMID: 37467758 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
To achieve synchronous repair and real-time monitoring the infarcted myocardium based on an integrated ion-conductive hydrogel patch is challenging yet intriguing. Herein, a novel synthetic strategy is reported based on core-shell-structured curcumin-nanocomposite-reinforced ion-conductive hydrogel for synchronous heart electrophysiological signal monitoring and infarcted heart repair. The nanoreinforcement and multisite cross-linking of bioactive curcumin nanoparticles enable well elasticity with negligible hysteresis, implantability, ultrahigh mechanoelectrical sensitivity (37 ms), and reliable sensing capacity (over 3000 cycles) for the nanoreinforced hydrogel. Results of in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that such solely physical microenvironment of electrophysiological and biomechanical characteristics combining with the role of bioactive curcumin exert the synchronous benefit of regulating inflammatory microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis, and reducing myocardial fibrosis for effective myocardial infarction (MI) repair. Especially, the hydrogel sensors offer the access for achieving accurate acquisition of cardiac signals, thus monitoring the whole MI healing process. This novel bioactive and electrophysiological-sensing ion-conductive hydrogel cardiac patch highlights a versatile strategy promising for synchronous integration of in vivo real-time monitoring the MI status and excellent MI repair performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chunyi Pu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Qixiang Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jianxing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xintong You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Rurong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Honghao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
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18
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Li C, Han S, Zhu J, Cheng F. MiR-132-3p activation aggravates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting Sirt1/PGC1alpha axis. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110801. [PMID: 37433399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of renal ischemic diseases remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate the induction of microRNA-132-3p (miR-132-3p) in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) and cultured renal tubular cells under oxidative stress. miR-132-3p mimic increased apoptosis in renal tubular cells and enhanced ischemic AKI in mice, whereas miR-132-3p inhibition offered protective effects. We analyzed miR-132-3p target genes through bioinformatic analysis and Sirt1 was predicted as the target gene of miR-132-3p. Luciferase microRNA target reporter assay further verified Sirt1 as a direct target of miR-132-3p. In cultured tubular cells and mouse kidneys, IRI and H2O2 treatment repressed Sirt1 and PGC-1α/NRF2/HO-1 expression, whereas anti-miR-132-3p preserved Sirt1 and PGC-1α/NRF2/HO-1 expression. In renal tubular, Sirt1 inhibitor suppressed PGC1-1α/NRF2/HO-1 expression and aggravated tubular apoptosis. Together, the results suggest that miR-132-3p induction aggravates ischemic AKI and oxidative stress by repressing Sirt1 expression, and miR-132-3p inhibition offers renal protection and may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shangting Han
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiefu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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19
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Boxhammer E, Paar V, Wernly B, Kiss A, Mirna M, Aigner A, Acar E, Watzinger S, Podesser BK, Zauner R, Wally V, Ablinger M, Hackl M, Hoppe UC, Lichtenauer M. MicroRNA-30d-5p-A Potential New Therapeutic Target for Prevention of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy after Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2023; 12:2369. [PMID: 37830583 PMCID: PMC10571870 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background and Objective: MicroRNAs (miRs) are biomarkers for assessing the extent of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) and important predictors of clinical outcome in heart failure. Overexpression of miR-30d-5p appears to have a cardioprotective effect. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether miR-30d-5p could be used as a potential therapeutic target to improve post-MI adverse remodeling. (2) Methods and Results: MiR profiling was performed by next-generation sequencing to assess different expression patterns in ischemic vs. healthy myocardium in a rat model of MI. MiR-30d-5p was significantly downregulated (p < 0.001) in ischemic myocardium and was selected as a promising target. A mimic of miR-30d-5p was administered in the treatment group, whereas the control group received non-functional, scrambled siRNA. To measure the effect of miR-30d-5p on infarct area size of the left ventricle, the rats were randomized and treated with miR-30d-5p or scrambled siRNA. Histological planimetry was performed 72 h and 6 weeks after induction of MI. Infarct area was significantly reduced at 72 h and at 6 weeks by using miR-30d-5p (72 h: 22.89 ± 7.66% vs. 35.96 ± 9.27%, p = 0.0136; 6 weeks: 6.93 ± 4.58% vs. 12.48 ± 7.09%, p = 0.0172). To gain insight into infarct healing, scratch assays were used to obtain information on cell migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Gap closure was significantly faster in the mimic-treated cells 20 h post-scratching (12.4% more than the scrambled control after 20 h; p = 0.013). To analyze the anti-apoptotic quality of miR-30d-5p, the ratio between phosphorylated p53 and total p53 was evaluated in human cardiomyocytes using ELISA. Under the influence of the miR-30d-5p mimic, cardiomyocytes demonstrated a decreased pp53/total p53 ratio (0.66 ± 0.08 vs. 0.81 ± 0.17), showing a distinct tendency (p = 0.055) to decrease the apoptosis rate compared to the control group. (3) Conclusion: Using a mimic of miR-30d-5p underlines the cardioprotective effect of miR-30d-5p in MI and could reduce the risk for development of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Boxhammer
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Vera Paar
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Bernhard Wernly
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5110 Oberndorf, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Moritz Mirna
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Simon Watzinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Bruno K. Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Roland Zauner
- Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Wally
- Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Ablinger
- Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Uta C. Hoppe
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
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20
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Nappi F, Avtaar Singh SS, Jitendra V, Alzamil A, Schoell T. The Roles of microRNAs in the Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14277. [PMID: 37762578 PMCID: PMC10531750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of miRNAs and their role in disease represent a significant breakthrough that has stimulated and propelled research on miRNAs as targets for diagnosis and therapy. Cardiovascular disease is an area where the restrictions of early diagnosis and conventional pharmacotherapy are evident and deserve attention. Therefore, miRNA-based drugs have significant potential for development. Research and its application can make considerable progress, as seen in preclinical and clinical trials. The use of miRNAs is still experimental but has a promising role in diagnosing and predicting a variety of acute coronary syndrome presentations. Its use, either alone or in combination with currently available biomarkers, might be adopted soon, particularly if there is diagnostic ambiguity. In this review, we examine the current understanding of miRNAs as possible targets for diagnosis and treatment in the cardiovascular system. We report on recent advances in recognising and characterising miRNAs with a focus on clinical translation. The latest challenges and perspectives towards clinical application are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (T.S.)
| | | | - Vikram Jitendra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK;
| | - Almothana Alzamil
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Thibaut Schoell
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (T.S.)
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21
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Zhong Z, Li X, Gao L, Wu X, Ye Y, Zhang X, Zeng Q, Zhou C, Lu X, Wei Y, Ding Y, Chen S, Zhou G, Xu J, Liu S. Long Non-coding RNA Involved in the Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8. [PMID: 37702834 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent and chronic cardiovascular disorder associated with various pathophysiological alterations, including atrial electrical and structural remodeling, disrupted calcium handling, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, aberrant energy metabolism, and immune dysregulation. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AF. OBJECTIVE This discussion aims to elucidate the involvement of AF-related lncRNAs, with a specific focus on their role as miRNA sponges that modulate crucial signaling pathways, contributing to the progression of AF. We also address current limitations in AF-related lncRNA research and explore potential future directions in this field. Additionally, we summarize feasible strategies and promising delivery systems for targeting lncRNAs in AF therapy. CONCLUSION In conclusion, targeting AF-related lncRNAs holds substantial promise for future investigations and represents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xintao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longzhe Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changzuan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Genqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Kőrösi D, Vorobcsuk A, Fajtai D, Tátrai O, Bodor E, Farkas K, Garamvölgyi R. Adaptation of closed-chest infarction porcine model to adult Pannon minipigs. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 123:107469. [PMID: 37598810 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the recent study was to collect data on the genotype characteristics of the Hungarian self-bred Pannon minipigs by adapting a standardized infarct model procedure. Closed chest AMI was induced by balloon occlusion for 90 min in the left anterior descendent coronary artery (LAD) in 24 adult intact female minipigs followed by reperfusion. To assess the left ventricular (LV) function, serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) was performed prior to the experimental procedure, on day 3 post-AMI (72 ± 12 h), and at 1 month follow-up (Day 30 ± 2 days). Compared to baseline cMRI scans the end-diastolic volume (EDV) was increased on days 3 and 30 On day 3 the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased significantly but there was no statistical difference between the baseline and day 30 measurements. Cardiac output, stroke volume, and end-systolic volume significantly were increased compared to baseline on day 30 A high percentage (54%) of malignant arrhythmias occurred during the AMI procedure, with a 25% mortality rate. The compensatory capacity of the Pannon minipig heart is excellent therefore the use of different cardiac parameters and invasive measurements is advisable in chronic pharmacological experiments to complement cMRI data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Kőrösi
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Doctoral School in Animal Science, Kaposvár Campus, 40. Guba S. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary.
| | - András Vorobcsuk
- Kaposi Moritz Teaching Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 20-32. Tallián Gy. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary; Medical School, University of Pécs, Pf. 99, H-7601 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dániel Fajtai
- Medicopus Nonprofit Ltd., 40. Guba S. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
| | - Ottó Tátrai
- Kaposi Moritz Teaching Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 20-32. Tallián Gy. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
| | - Emőke Bodor
- Kaposi Moritz Teaching Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 20-32. Tallián Gy. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Farkas
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1. Honvéd Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Rita Garamvölgyi
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Doctoral School in Animal Science, Kaposvár Campus, 40. Guba S. Kaposvár, Kaposvár H-7400, Hungary
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23
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Rakicevic L. DNA and RNA Molecules as a Foundation of Therapy Strategies for Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2141. [PMID: 37631355 PMCID: PMC10459020 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There has always been a tendency of medicine to take an individualised approach to treating patients, but the most significant advances were achieved through the methods of molecular biology, where the nucleic acids are in the limelight. Decades of research of molecular biology resulted in setting medicine on a completely new platform. The most significant current research is related to the possibilities that DNA and RNA analyses can offer in terms of more precise diagnostics and more subtle stratification of patients in order to identify patients for specific therapy treatments. Additionally, principles of structure and functioning of nucleic acids have become a motive for creating entirely new therapy strategies and an innovative generation of drugs. All this also applies to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which are the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. This review considers the most up-to-date achievements related to the use of translatory potential of DNA and RNA in treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and considers the challenges and prospects in this field. The foundations which allow the use of translatory potential are also presented. The first part of this review focuses on the potential of the DNA variants which impact conventional therapies and on the DNA variants which are starting points for designing new pharmacotherapeutics. The second part of this review considers the translatory potential of non-coding RNA molecules which can be used to formulate new generations of therapeutics for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Rakicevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
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24
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Zheng X, Liu L, Liu J, Zhang C, Zhang J, Qi Y, Xie L, Zhang C, Yao G, Bu P. Fibulin7 Mediated Pathological Cardiac Remodeling through EGFR Binding and EGFR-Dependent FAK/AKT Signaling Activation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207631. [PMID: 37344348 PMCID: PMC10460860 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) result in heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Fibulin7 (FBLN7) is an adhesion protein excreted into the extracellular matrix that functions in multiple biological processes. However, whether and how FBLN7 affects post-MI cardiac remodeling remains unclear. Here, the authors identify FBLN7 as a critical profibrotic regulator of adverse cardiac remodeling. They observe significantly upregulated serum FBLN7 levels in MI patients with left ventricular remodeling compared to those without MI. Microarray dataset analysis reveal FBLN7 is upregulated in human heart samples from patients with dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared with non-failing hearts. The authors demonstrate that FBLN7 deletion attenuated post-MI cardiac remodeling, leading to better cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis, whereas overexpression of FBLN7 results in the opposite effects. Mechanistically, FBLN7 binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) through its EGF-like domain, together with the EGF-like calcium-binding domain, and induces EGFR autophosphorylation at tyrosine (Y) 1068 and Y1173, which activates downstream focal adhesion kinase/AKT signaling, thereby leading to fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. In addition, FBLN7-EGFR mediates this signal transduction, and the fibrotic response is effectively suppressed by the inhibition of EGFR activity. Taken together, FBLN7 plays an important role in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Lingxin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
- Department of CardiologyHeze Municipal HospitalHeze274000China
| | - Chen Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Yan Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Lin Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Guoqing Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Peili Bu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of EducationChinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesThe State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of CardiologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
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25
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Baumeier C, Harms D, Aleshcheva G, Gross U, Escher F, Schultheiss HP. Advancing Precision Medicine in Myocarditis: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Endomyocardial Biopsy-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutic Approaches. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5050. [PMID: 37568452 PMCID: PMC10419903 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and specific and causal treatment of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy remain a major clinical challenge. Despite the rapid development of new imaging techniques, endomyocardial biopsies remain the gold standard for accurate diagnosis of inflammatory myocardial disease. With the introduction and continued development of immunohistochemical inflammation diagnostics in combination with viral nucleic acid testing, myocarditis diagnostics have improved significantly since their introduction. Together with new technologies such as miRNA and gene expression profiling, quantification of specific immune cell markers, and determination of viral activity, diagnostic accuracy and patient prognosis will continue to improve in the future. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathies and highlight future perspectives for more in-depth and specialized biopsy diagnostics and precision, personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baumeier
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
| | - Dominik Harms
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ganna Aleshcheva
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
| | - Ulrich Gross
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.H.); (G.A.); (U.G.); (H.-P.S.)
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26
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Huang S, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Liu N, Liu J, Liu L, Fan C. Advances in MicroRNA Therapy for Heart Failure: Clinical Trials, Preclinical Studies, and Controversies. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07492-7. [PMID: 37505309 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health issue with more than 37.7 million patients worldwide and an annual healthcare cost of $108 billion. However, HF-related drugs have not changed significantly for decades, and it is essential to find biological drugs to provide better treatment for HF patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of approximately 21 nucleotides and play an important role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing studies have shown that miRNAs are widely involved in the pathophysiology of HF, and the regulation of miRNAs has promising therapeutic effects. Among them, there is great interest in miRNA-132, since the encouraging success of anti-miRNA-132 therapy in a phase 1b clinical trial in 2020. However, it is worth noting that the multi-target effect of miRNA may produce side effects such as thrombocytopenia, revascularization dysfunction, severe immune response, and even death. Advances in drug delivery modalities, delivery vehicles, chemical modifications, and plant-derived miRNAs are expected to address safety concerns and further improve miRNA therapy. Here, we reviewed the preclinical studies and clinical trials of HF-related miRNAs (especially miRNA-132) in the past 5 years and summarized the controversies of miRNA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ningyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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27
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Ravichandran AJ, Romeo FJ, Mazurek R, Ishikawa K. Barriers in Heart Failure Gene Therapy and Approaches to Overcome Them. Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:780-789. [PMID: 37045653 PMCID: PMC10440286 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
With the growing prevalence and incidence of heart failure worldwide, investigation and development of new therapies to address disease burden are of great urgency. Gene therapy is one promising approach for the management of heart failure, but several barriers currently exclude safe and efficient gene delivery to the human heart. These barriers include the anatomical and biological difficulty of specifically targeting cardiomyocytes, the vascular endothelium, and immunogenicity against administered vectors and the transgene. We review approaches taken to overcome these barriers with a focus on vector modification, evasion of immune responses, and heart-targeted delivery techniques. While various modifications proposed to date show promise in managing some barriers, continued investigation into improvements to existing therapies is required to address transduction efficiency, duration of transgene expression, and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali J Ravichandran
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francisco J Romeo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. https://twitter.com/FJRomeoMD
| | - Renata Mazurek
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kiyotake Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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28
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Walgrave H, Penning A, Tosoni G, Snoeck S, Davie K, Davis E, Wolfs L, Sierksma A, Mars M, Bu T, Thrupp N, Zhou L, Moechars D, Mancuso R, Fiers M, Howden AJ, De Strooper B, Salta E. microRNA-132 regulates gene expression programs involved in microglial homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:106829. [PMID: 37250784 PMCID: PMC10213004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNA-132 (miR-132), a known neuronal regulator, is one of the most robustly downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Increasing miR-132 in AD mouse brain ameliorates amyloid and Tau pathologies, and also restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis and memory deficits. However, the functional pleiotropy of miRNAs requires in-depth analysis of the effects of miR-132 supplementation before it can be moved forward for AD therapy. We employ here miR-132 loss- and gain-of-function approaches using single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics, and in silico AGO-CLIP datasets to identify molecular pathways targeted by miR-132 in mouse hippocampus. We find that miR-132 modulation significantly affects the transition of microglia from a disease-associated to a homeostatic cell state. We confirm the regulatory role of miR-132 in shifting microglial cell states using human microglial cultures derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Walgrave
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amber Penning
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Snoeck
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kristofer Davie
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Bioinformatics Core Facility, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emma Davis
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Leen Wolfs
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annerieke Sierksma
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mayte Mars
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taofeng Bu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Diederik Moechars
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Renzo Mancuso
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrew J.M. Howden
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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29
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Nagai M, Shityakov S, Smetak M, Hunkler HJ, Bär C, Schlegel N, Thum T, Förster CY. Blood Biomarkers in Takotsubo Syndrome Point to an Emerging Role for Inflammaging in Endothelial Pathophysiology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:995. [PMID: 37371575 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), an acute cardiac condition characterized by transient wall motion abnormalities mostly of the left ventricle, results in difficulties in diagnosing patients. We set out to present a detailed blood analysis of TTS patients analyzing novel markers to understand the development of TTS. Significant differences in proinflammatory cytokine expression patterns and sex steroid and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression levels were observed in the TTS patient collected. Remarkably, the measured catecholamine serum concentrations determined from TTS patient blood could be shown to be two orders of magnitude lower than the levels determined from experimentally induced TTS in laboratory animals. Consequently, the exposure of endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes in vitro to such catecholamine concentrations did not damage the cellular integrity or function of either endothelial cells forming the blood-brain barrier, endothelial cells derived from myocardium, or cardiomyocytes in vitro. Computational analysis was able to link the identified blood markers, specifically, the proinflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoid receptor GR to microRNA (miR) relevant in the ontogeny of TTS (miR-15) and inflammation (miR-21, miR-146a), respectively. Amongst the well-described risk factors of TTS (older age, female sex), inflammaging-related pathways were identified to add to these relevant risk factors or prediagnostic markers of TTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Nagai
- Department of Cardiology, 2-1-1, Kabeminami, Aaskita-ku, Hiroshima City Asa, Hiroshima 731-0293, Japan
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, ITMO University, Lomonosova Str. 9, 191002 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manuel Smetak
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Jill Hunkler
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Centre for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Centre for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Carola Yvette Förster
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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30
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Spinetti G, Mutoli M, Greco S, Riccio F, Ben-Aicha S, Kenneweg F, Jusic A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nossent AY, Novella S, Kararigas G, Thum T, Emanueli C, Devaux Y, Martelli F. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes: role of non-coding RNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37226245 PMCID: PMC10206598 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by insulin defect or impairment, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Patients with diabetes experience a state of chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia resulting in damage to the vasculature, leading to micro- and macro-vascular diseases. These conditions are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Several classes of leukocytes have been implicated in diabetic cardiovascular impairment. Although the molecular pathways through which diabetes elicits an inflammatory response have attracted significant attention, how they contribute to altering cardiovascular homeostasis is still incompletely understood. In this respect, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a still largely under-investigated class of transcripts that may play a fundamental role. This review article gathers the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular cells in the context of diabetic complications, highlighting the influence of biological sex in such mechanisms and exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and targets for treatments. The discussion closes by offering an overview of the ncRNAs involved in the increased cardiovascular risk suffered by patients with diabetes facing Sars-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Mutoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Franziska Kenneweg
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
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31
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Rossler KJ, de Lange WJ, Mann MW, Aballo TJ, Melby JA, Zhang J, Kim G, Bayne EF, Zhu Y, Farrell ET, Kamp TJ, Ralphe JC, Ge Y. Lactate and Immunomagnetic-purified iPSC-derived Cardiomyocytes Generate Comparable Engineered Cardiac Tissue Constructs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.05.539642. [PMID: 37205556 PMCID: PMC10187273 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional engineered cardiac tissue (ECT) using purified human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) has emerged as an appealing model system for the study of human cardiac biology and disease. A recent study reported widely-used metabolic (lactate) purification of monolayer hiPSC-CM cultures results in an ischemic cardiomyopathy-like phenotype compared to magnetic antibody-based cell sorting (MACS) purification, complicating the interpretation of studies using lactate-purified hiPSC-CMs. Herein, our objective was to determine if use of lactate relative to MACs-purified hiPSC-CMs impacts the properties of resulting hiPSC-ECTs. Therefore, hiPSC-CMs were differentiated and purified using either lactate-based media or MACS. After purification, hiPSC-CMs were combined with hiPSC-cardiac fibroblasts to create 3D hiPSC-ECT constructs maintained in culture for four weeks. There were no structural differences observed, and there was no significant difference in sarcomere length between lactate and MACS hiPSC-ECTs. Assessment of isometric twitch force, Ca 2+ transients, and β-adrenergic response revealed similar functional performance between purification methods. High-resolution mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomics showed no significant difference in any protein pathway expression or myofilament proteoforms. Taken together, this study demonstrates lactate- and MACS-purified hiPSC-CMs generate ECTs with comparable molecular and functional properties, and suggests lactate purification does not result in an irreversible change in hiPSC-CM phenotype.
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32
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McKinsey TA, Foo R, Anene-Nzelu CG, Travers JG, Vagnozzi RJ, Weber N, Thum T. Emerging epigenetic therapies of cardiac fibrosis and remodelling in heart failure: from basic mechanisms to early clinical development. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3482-3498. [PMID: 36004821 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and specifically heart failure (HF) impact global health and impose a significant economic burden on society. Despite current advances in standard of care, the risks for death and readmission of HF patients remain unacceptably high and new therapeutic strategies to limit HF progression are highly sought. In disease settings, persistent mechanical or neurohormonal stress to the myocardium triggers maladaptive cardiac remodelling, which alters cardiac function and structure at both the molecular and cellular levels. The progression and magnitude of maladaptive cardiac remodelling ultimately leads to the development of HF. Classical therapies for HF are largely protein-based and mostly are targeted to ameliorate the dysregulation of neuroendocrine pathways and halt adverse remodelling. More recently, investigation of novel molecular targets and the application of cellular therapies, epigenetic modifications, and regulatory RNAs has uncovered promising new avenues to address HF. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on novel cellular and epigenetic therapies and focus on two non-coding RNA-based strategies that reached the phase of early clinical development to counteract cardiac remodelling and HF. The current status of the development of translating those novel therapies to clinical practice, limitations, and future perspectives are additionally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E.19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045-2507, USA
| | - Roger Foo
- NUHS Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chukwuemeka George Anene-Nzelu
- NUHS Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore.,Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Belanger, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Joshua G Travers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E.19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045-2507, USA
| | - Ronald J Vagnozzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E.19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045-2507, USA
| | - Natalie Weber
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Therapies, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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33
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Li P, Hu J, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang L, Zhang C. The Role of Hydrogel in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration for Myocardial Infarction: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020165. [PMID: 36829659 PMCID: PMC9952459 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, seriously threatens human health, and becomes a major health burden of our society. It is urgent to pursue effective therapeutic strategies for the regeneration and restore myocardial function after MI. This review discusses the role of hydrogel in cardiac repair and regeneration for MI. Hydrogel-based cardiac patches and injectable hydrogels are the most commonly used applications in cardiac regeneration medicine. With injectable hydrogels, bioactive compounds and cells can be delivered in situ, promoting in situ repair and regeneration, while hydrogel-based cardiac patches reduce myocardial wall stress, which passively inhibits ventricular expansion. Hydrogel-based cardiac patches work as mechanically supportive biomaterials. In cardiac regeneration medicine, clinical trials and commercial products are limited. Biomaterials, biochemistry, and biological actives, such as intelligent hydrogels and hydrogel-based exosome patches, which may serve as an effective treatment for MI in the future, are still under development. Further investigation of clinical feasibility is warranted. We can anticipate hydrogels having immense translational potential for cardiac regeneration in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jiajia Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence:
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34
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Laura Francés J, Musolino E, Papait R, Pagiatakis C. Non-Coding RNAs in Cell-to-Cell Communication: Exploiting Physiological Mechanisms as Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032205. [PMID: 36768528 PMCID: PMC9916956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, has been characterized at the molecular level by alterations in gene expression that contribute to the etiology of the disease. Such alterations have been shown to play a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis, cardiac remodeling, and age-related heart failure. Although much is now known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms in this context, the role of epigenetics in the onset of cardiovascular disease remains unclear. Epigenetics, a complex network of mechanisms that regulate gene expression independently of changes to the DNA sequence, has been highly implicated in the loss of homeostasis and the aberrant activation of a myriad of cellular pathways. More specifically, non-coding RNAs have been gaining much attention as epigenetic regulators of various pathologies. In this review, we will provide an overview of the ncRNAs involved in cell-to-cell communication in cardiovascular disease, namely atherosclerosis, cardiac remodeling, and cardiac ageing, and the potential use of epigenetic drugs as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elettra Musolino
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Papait
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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35
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Samad AFA, Kamaroddin MF. Innovative approaches in transforming microRNAs into therapeutic tools. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1768. [PMID: 36437633 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is regarded as a prominent genetic regulator, as it can fine-tune an entire biological pathway by targeting multiple target genes. This characteristic makes miRNAs promising therapeutic tools to reinstate cell functions that are disrupted as a consequence of diseases. Currently, miRNA replacement by miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibition by anti-miRNA oligonucleotides are the main approaches to utilizing miRNA molecules for therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, miRNA-based therapeutics are hampered by major issues such as off-target effects, immunogenicity, and uncertain delivery platforms. Over the past few decades, several innovative approaches have been established to minimize off-target effects, reduce immunostimulation, and provide efficient transfer to the target cells in which these molecules exert their function. Recent achievements have led to the testing of miRNA-based drugs in clinical trials, and these molecules may become next-generation therapeutics for medical intervention. Despite the achievement of exciting milestones, the dosage of miRNA administration remains unclear, and ways to address this issue are proposed. Elucidating the current status of the main factors of therapeutic miRNA would allow further developments and innovations to achieve safe therapeutic tools. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Fatah A Samad
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farizal Kamaroddin
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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36
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Gene Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:235-254. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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37
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Innate Immunity in Cardiovascular Diseases-Identification of Novel Molecular Players and Targets. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12010335. [PMID: 36615135 PMCID: PMC9821340 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past few years, unexpected developments have driven studies in the field of clinical immunology. One driver of immense impact was the outbreak of a pandemic caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2. Excellent recent reviews address diverse aspects of immunological re-search into cardiovascular diseases. Here, we specifically focus on selected studies taking advantage of advanced state-of-the-art molecular genetic methods ranging from genome-wide epi/transcriptome mapping and variant scanning to optogenetics and chemogenetics. First, we discuss the emerging clinical relevance of advanced diagnostics for cardiovascular diseases, including those associated with COVID-19-with a focus on the role of inflammation in cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias. Second, we consider newly identified immunological interactions at organ and system levels which affect cardiovascular pathogenesis. Thus, studies into immune influences arising from the intestinal system are moving towards therapeutic exploitation. Further, powerful new research tools have enabled novel insight into brain-immune system interactions at unprecedented resolution. This latter line of investigation emphasizes the strength of influence of emotional stress-acting through defined brain regions-upon viral and cardiovascular disorders. Several challenges need to be overcome before the full impact of these far-reaching new findings will hit the clinical arena.
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38
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Chew NWS, Loong SSE, Foo R. Progress in molecular biology and translational science: Epigenetics in cardiovascular health and disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:105-134. [PMID: 37019589 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Conrad Waddington's epigenetics landscape has provided a metaphorical framework for how cells progress from undifferentiated states to one of several discrete, distinct, differentiated cell fates. The understanding of epigenetics has evolved over time, with DNA methylation being the most studied epigenetic modification, followed by histone modifications and non-coding RNA. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading contributors to death worldwide, with the prevalence of CVDs increasing across the last couple of decades. Significant amount of resources being poured into researching key mechanisms and underpinnings of the various CVDs. These molecular studies looked at the genetics, epigenetics as well as the transcriptomics of various cardiovascular conditions, aiming to provide mechanistic insights. It has paved the way for therapeutics to be developed and in recent years, epi-drugs for the treatment of CVDs. This chapter aims to cover the various roles of epigenetics in the context of cardiovascular health and disease. The following will be examined in detail: the developments in basic experimental techniques used to study epigenetics, the role of epigenetics in various CVDs (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, and heart failure), and current advances in epi-therapeutics, providing a holistic view of the current concerted efforts in advancing the field of epigenetics in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W S Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shaun S E Loong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Foo
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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39
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Strategies and challenges for non-viral delivery of non-coding RNAs to the heart. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:70-91. [PMID: 36371335 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported as regulators of cardiovascular pathophysiology. Their transient effect and diversified mechanisms of action offer a plethora of therapeutic opportunities for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, physicochemical RNA features such as charge, stability, and structural organization hinder efficient on-target cellular delivery. Here, we highlight recent preclinical advances in ncRNA delivery for the cardiovascular system using non-viral approaches. We identify the unmet needs and advance possible solutions towards clinical translation. Finding the optimal delivery vehicle and administration route is vital to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety; however, given the different types of ncRNAs, this may ultimately not be frameable within a one-size-fits-all approach.
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40
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Wronska A. The Role of microRNA in the Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Recent Developments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:123-132. [PMID: 35779862 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1993, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of many crucial cellular processes, and their dysregulation have been shown to contribute to multiple pathologic conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). miRNAs have been found to regulate the expression of various genes involved in cardiac development and function and in the development and progression of CVD. Many miRNAs are master regulators fine-tuning the expression of multiple, often interrelated, genes involved in inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, senescence, and other processes crucial for the development of different forms of CVD. This article presents a review of recent developments in our understanding of the role of miRNAs in the development of CVD and surveys their potential applicability as therapeutic targets and biomarkers to facilitate CVD diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. There are currently multiple potential miRNA-based therapeutic agents in different stages of development, which can be grouped into two classes: miRNA mimics (replicating the sequence and activity of their corresponding miRNAs) and antagomiRs (antisense inhibitors of specific miRNAs). However, in spite of promising preliminary data and our ever-increasing knowledge about the mechanisms of action of specific miRNAs, miRNA-based therapeutics and biomarkers have yet to be approved for clinical applications. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Over the last few years microRNAs have emerged as crucial, specific regulators of the cardiovascular system and in the development of cardiovascular disease, by posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes. The minireview presents the most recent developments in this area of research, including the progress in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of microRNAs. microRNAs seem very promising candidates for biomarkers and therapeutic agents, although some challenges, such as efficient delivery and unwanted effects, need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Wronska
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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41
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van der Velden J, Asselbergs FW, Bakkers J, Batkai S, Bertrand L, Bezzina CR, Bot I, Brundel BJJM, Carrier L, Chamuleau S, Ciccarelli M, Dawson D, Davidson SM, Dendorfer A, Duncker DJ, Eschenhagen T, Fabritz L, Falcão-Pires I, Ferdinandy P, Giacca M, Girao H, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Gyongyosi M, Guzik TJ, Hamdani N, Heymans S, Hilfiker A, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Hoekstra AG, Hulot JS, Kuster DWD, van Laake LW, Lecour S, Leiner T, Linke WA, Lumens J, Lutgens E, Madonna R, Maegdefessel L, Mayr M, van der Meer P, Passier R, Perbellini F, Perrino C, Pesce M, Priori S, Remme CA, Rosenhahn B, Schotten U, Schulz R, Sipido KR, Sluijter JPG, van Steenbeek F, Steffens S, Terracciano CM, Tocchetti CG, Vlasman P, Yeung KK, Zacchigna S, Zwaagman D, Thum T. Animal models and animal-free innovations for cardiovascular research: current status and routes to be explored. Consensus document of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function and the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3016-3051. [PMID: 34999816 PMCID: PMC9732557 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality, necessitating research to improve diagnostics, and to discover and test novel preventive and curative therapies, all of which warrant experimental models that recapitulate human disease. The translation of basic science results to clinical practice is a challenging task, in particular for complex conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, which often result from multiple risk factors and comorbidities. This difficulty might lead some individuals to question the value of animal research, citing the translational 'valley of death', which largely reflects the fact that studies in rodents are difficult to translate to humans. This is also influenced by the fact that new, human-derived in vitro models can recapitulate aspects of disease processes. However, it would be a mistake to think that animal models do not represent a vital step in the translational pathway as they do provide important pathophysiological insights into disease mechanisms particularly on an organ and systemic level. While stem cell-derived human models have the potential to become key in testing toxicity and effectiveness of new drugs, we need to be realistic, and carefully validate all new human-like disease models. In this position paper, we highlight recent advances in trying to reduce the number of animals for cardiovascular research ranging from stem cell-derived models to in situ modelling of heart properties, bioinformatic models based on large datasets, and state-of-the-art animal models, which show clinically relevant characteristics observed in patients with a cardiovascular disease. We aim to provide a guide to help researchers in their experimental design to translate bench findings to clinical routine taking the replacement, reduction, and refinement (3R) as a guiding concept.
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Grants
- R01 HL150359 NHLBI NIH HHS
- RG/16/14/32397 British Heart Foundation
- FS/18/37/33642 British Heart Foundation
- PG/17/64/33205 British Heart Foundation
- PG/15/88/31780 British Heart Foundation
- FS/RTF/20/30009, NH/19/1/34595, PG/18/35/33786, CS/17/4/32960, PG/15/88/31780, and PG/17/64/33205 British Heart Foundation
- NC/T001488/1 National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research
- PG/18/44/33790 British Heart Foundation
- CH/16/3/32406 British Heart Foundation
- FS/RTF/20/30009 British Heart Foundation
- NWO-ZonMW
- ZonMW and Heart Foundation for the translational research program
- Dutch Cardiovascular Alliance (DCVA)
- Leducq Foundation
- Dutch Research Council
- Association of Collaborating Health Foundations (SGF)
- UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, and the DCVA
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative CVON
- Stichting Hartekind and the Dutch Research Counsel (NWO) (OCENW.GROOT.2019.029)
- National Fund for Scientific Research, Belgium and Action de Recherche Concertée de la Communauté Wallonie-Bruxelles, Belgium
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative CVON (PREDICT2 and CONCOR-genes projects), the Leducq Foundation
- ERA PerMed (PROCEED study)
- Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Initiative
- Dutch Heart Foundation
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHH)
- Chest Heart and Stroke Scotland
- Tenovus Scotland
- Friends of Anchor and Grampian NHS-Endowments
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research
- European Research Council (ERC-AG IndivuHeart), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- European Union Horizon 2020 (REANIMA and TRAINHEART)
- German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
- Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
- European Union Horizon 2020
- DFG
- National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary
- Research Excellence Program—TKP; National Heart Program
- Austrian Science Fund
- European Union Commission’s Seventh Framework programme
- CVON2016-Early HFPEF
- CVON She-PREDICTS
- CVON Arena-PRIME
- European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Volkswagenstiftung
- French National Research Agency
- ERA-Net-CVD
- Fédération Française de Cardiologie, the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
- French PIA Project
- University Research Federation against heart failure
- Netherlands Heart Foundation
- Dekker Senior Clinical Scientist
- Health Holland TKI-LSH
- TUe/UMCU/UU Alliance Fund
- south African National Foundation
- Cancer Association of South Africa and Winetech
- Netherlands Heart Foundation/Applied & Engineering Sciences
- Dutch Technology Foundation
- Pie Medical Imaging
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
- Dr. Dekker Program
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative: the Dutch Heart Foundation
- Dutch Federation of University Medical Centres
- Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences for the GENIUS-II project
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (VICI grant); the European Research Council
- Incyte s.r.l. and from Ministero dell’Istruzione, Università e Ricerca Scientifica
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (Junior Research Group & Translational Research Project), the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant NORVAS),
- Swedish Heart-Lung-Foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- National Institutes of Health
- Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care through the research project DigiMed Bayern
- ERC
- ERA-CVD
- Dutch Heart Foundation, ZonMw
- the NWO Gravitation project
- Ministero dell'Istruzione, Università e Ricerca Scientifica
- Regione Lombardia
- Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
- ITN Network Personalize AF: Personalized Therapies for Atrial Fibrillation: a translational network
- MAESTRIA: Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Early Detection Stroke Atrial Fibrillation
- REPAIR: Restoring cardiac mechanical function by polymeric artificial muscular tissue
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)
- European Union H2020 program to the project TECHNOBEAT
- EVICARE
- BRAV3
- ZonMw
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiac Regeneration
- British Heart Foundation studentship
- NC3Rs
- Interreg ITA-AUS project InCARDIO
- Italian Association for Cancer Research
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandor Batkai
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilze Bot
- Heart Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steven Chamuleau
- Amsterdam UMC, Heart Center, Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontology, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Dana Dawson
- Department of Cardiology, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Andreas Dendorfer
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Sciences and Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany and Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- UnIC - Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic Research Group and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Henrique Girao
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Mariann Gyongyosi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Instutute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Division Cardiology, Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andres Hilfiker
- Department for Cardiothoracic, Transplant, and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department for Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Complications in Pregnancy and in Oncologic Therapies, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
| | - Alfons G Hoekstra
- Computational Science Lab, Informatics Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- Université de Paris, INSERM, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda W van Laake
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Department of Medicine, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Cape Heart Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Joost Lumens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Experimental Vascular Biology Division, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Passier
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Perbellini
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Priori
- Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carol Ann Remme
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bodo Rosenhahn
- Institute for information Processing, Leibniz University of Hanover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Circulatory Health Laboratory, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank van Steenbeek
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Patricia Vlasman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kak Khee Yeung
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Dayenne Zwaagman
- Amsterdam UMC, Heart Center, Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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42
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Shah AM, Giacca M. Small non-coding RNA therapeutics for cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:4548-4561. [PMID: 36106499 PMCID: PMC9659475 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel bio-therapeutic agents that harness the properties of small, non-coding nucleic acids hold great promise for clinical applications. These include antisense oligonucleotides that inhibit messenger RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), or long non-coding RNAs; positive effectors of the miRNA pathway (short interfering RNAs and miRNA mimics); or small RNAs that target proteins (i.e. aptamers). These new therapies also offer exciting opportunities for cardiovascular diseases and promise to move the field towards more precise approaches based on disease mechanisms. There have been substantial advances in developing chemical modifications to improve the in vivo pharmacological properties of antisense oligonucleotides and reduce their immunogenicity. Carrier methods (e.g. RNA conjugates, polymers, and lipoplexes) that enhance cellular uptake of RNA therapeutics and stability against degradation by intracellular nucleases are also transforming the field. A number of small non-coding RNA therapies for cardiovascular indications are now approved. Moreover, there is a large pipeline of therapies in clinical development and an even larger list of putative therapies emerging from pre-clinical studies. Progress in this area is reviewed herein along with the hurdles that need to be overcome to allow a broader clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay M Shah
- King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Mauro Giacca
- King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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43
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Fadaei S, Zarepour F, Parvaresh M, Motamedzadeh A, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Sheida A, Shabani M, Hamblin MR, Rezaee M, Zarei M, Mirzaei H. Epigenetic regulation in myocardial infarction: Non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1014961. [PMID: 36440025 PMCID: PMC9685618 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1014961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of deaths globally. The early diagnosis of MI lowers the rate of subsequent complications and maximizes the benefits of cardiovascular interventions. Many efforts have been made to explore new therapeutic targets for MI, and the therapeutic potential of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is one good example. NcRNAs are a group of RNAs with many different subgroups, but they are not translated into proteins. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the most studied type of ncRNAs, and have been found to regulate several pathological processes in MI, including cardiomyocyte inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. These processes can also be modulated by circular RNAs and long ncRNAs via different mechanisms. However, the regulatory role of ncRNAs and their underlying mechanisms in MI are underexplored. Exosomes play a crucial role in communication between cells, and can affect both homeostasis and disease conditions. Exosomal ncRNAs have been shown to affect many biological functions. Tissue-specific changes in exosomal ncRNAs contribute to aging, tissue dysfunction, and human diseases. Here we provide a comprehensive review of recent findings on epigenetic changes in cardiovascular diseases as well as the role of ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs in MI, focusing on their function, diagnostic and prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fadaei
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Shohadae Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Parvaresh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Motamedzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sheida
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Madani Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarei
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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44
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Li H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Han R. Autophagy in striated muscle diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1000067. [PMID: 36312227 PMCID: PMC9606591 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired biomolecules and cellular organelles are gradually built up during the development and aging of organisms, and this deteriorating process is expedited under stress conditions. As a major lysosome-mediated catabolic process, autophagy has evolved to eradicate these damaged cellular components and recycle nutrients to restore cellular homeostasis and fitness. The autophagic activities are altered under various disease conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion cardiac injury, sarcopenia, and genetic myopathies, which impact multiple cellular processes related to cellular growth and survival in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Thus, autophagy has been the focus for therapeutic development to treat these muscle diseases. To develop the specific and effective interventions targeting autophagy, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms by which autophagy is altered in heart and skeletal muscle disorders. Herein, we summarize how autophagy alterations are linked to cardiac and skeletal muscle defects and how these alterations occur. We further discuss potential pharmacological and genetic interventions to regulate autophagy activities and their applications in cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Li
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Haiwen Li,
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renzhi Han
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States,Renzhi Han,
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45
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Wu N, Li F, Yang W, Du WW, Awan FM, Zhang C, Lyu J, Misir S, Zeng K, Eshaghi E, Yang BB. Silencing mouse circular RNA circSlc8a1 by circular antisense cA-circSlc8a1 induces cardiac hepatopathy. Mol Ther 2022:S1525-0016(22)00617-7. [PMID: 36245125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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MicroRNA-4732-3p Is Dysregulated in Breast Cancer Patients with Cardiotoxicity, and Its Therapeutic Delivery Protects the Heart from Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101955. [PMID: 36290678 PMCID: PMC9599023 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is the most severe collateral effect of chemotherapy originated by an excess of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes that leads to cardiac dysfunction. We assessed clinical data from patients with breast cancer receiving anthracyclines and searched for discriminating microRNAs between patients that developed cardiotoxicity (cases) and those that did not (controls), using RNA sequencing and regression analysis. Serum levels of 25 microRNAs were differentially expressed in cases versus controls within the first year after anthracycline treatment, as assessed by three different regression models (elastic net, Robinson and Smyth exact negative binomial test and random forest). MiR-4732-3p was the only microRNA identified in all regression models and was downregulated in patients that experienced cardiotoxicity. MiR-4732-3p was also present in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts and was modulated by anthracycline treatment. A miR-4732-3p mimic was cardioprotective in cardiac and fibroblast cultures, following doxorubicin challenge, in terms of cell viability and ROS levels. Notably, administration of the miR-4732-3p mimic in doxorubicin-treated rats preserved cardiac function, normalized weight loss, induced angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis, interstitial fibrosis and cardiac myofibroblasts. At the molecular level, miR-4732-3p regulated genes of TGFβ and Hippo signaling pathways. Overall, the results indicate that miR-4732-3p is a novel biomarker of cardiotoxicity that has therapeutic potential against anthracycline-induced heart damage.
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47
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Tamargo J, Tamargo M, Caballero R. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an up-to-date snapshot of the clinical drug development pipeline. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:1027-1052. [PMID: 36062808 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2113374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex cardiac disease with highly variable phenotypic expression and clinical course most often caused by sarcomeric gene mutations resulting in left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, hypercontractility, and diastolic dysfunction. For almost 60 years, HCM has remained an orphan disease and still lacks a disease-specific treatment. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes recent preclinical and clinical trials with repurposed drugs and new emerging pharmacological and gene-based therapies for the treatment of HCM. EXPERT OPINION The off-label drugs routinely used alleviate symptoms but do not target the core pathophysiology of HCM or prevent or revert the phenotype. Recent advances in the genetics and pathophysiology of HCM led to the development of cardiac myosin adenosine triphosphatase inhibitors specifically directed to counteract the hypercontractility associated with HCM-causing mutations. Mavacamten, the first drug specifically developed for HCM successfully tested in a phase 3 trial, represents the major advance for the treatment of HCM. This opens new horizons for the development of novel drugs targeting HCM molecular substrates which hopefully modify the natural history of the disease. The role of current drugs in development and genetic-based approaches for the treatment of HCM are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tamargo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Tamargo
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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48
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Meng H, Ruan J, Yan Z, Chen Y, Liu J, Li X, Meng F. New Progress in Early Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168939. [PMID: 36012202 PMCID: PMC9409135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerosis is a potentially chronic circulatory condition that endangers human health. The biological cause underpinning cardiovascular disease is coronary atherosclerosis, and acute cardiovascular events can develop due to thrombosis, platelet aggregation, and unstable atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Coronary atherosclerosis is progressive, and three specific changes appear, with fat spots and stripes, atherosclerosis and thin-walled fiber atherosclerosis, and then complex changes in arteries. The progression and severity of cardiovascular disease are correlated with various levels of calcium accumulation in the coronary artery. The therapy and diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis benefit from the initial assessment of the size and degree of calcification. This article will discuss the new progress in the early diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis in terms of three aspects: imaging, gene and protein markers, and trace elements. This study intends to present the latest methods for diagnosing patients with early atherosclerosis through a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Meng
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jianjun Ruan
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Zhaohan Yan
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jinsha Liu
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Fanbo Meng
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15948346855
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Cai Y, Zhou Y, Li Z, Xia P, ChenFu X, Shi A, Zhang J, Yu P. Non-coding RNAs in necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:909716. [PMID: 35990979 PMCID: PMC9386081 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.909716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has proved that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in the genetic programming and gene regulation of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality are rising and have become a primary public health issue that requires immediate resolution through effective intervention. Numerous studies have revealed that new types of cell death, such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, play critical cellular roles in CVD progression. It is worth noting that ncRNAs are critical novel regulators of cardiovascular risk factors and cell functions by mediating pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Thus, ncRNAs can be regarded as promising therapeutic targets for treating and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the mediation of ncRNAs on three types of cell death in regulating tissue homeostasis and pathophysiological conditions in CVDs. Although our understanding of ncRNAs remains in its infancy, the studies reviewed here may provide important new insights into how ncRNAs interact with CVDs. This review summarizes what is known about the functions of ncRNAs in modulating cell death-associated CVDs and their role in CVDs, as well as their current limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinxi ChenFu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Ao Shi
- School of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- School of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jing Zhang
| | - Peng Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Yu
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Dong Y, Peng N, Dong L, Tan S, Zhang X. Non-coding RNAs: Important participants in cardiac fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:937995. [PMID: 35966549 PMCID: PMC9365961 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.937995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a pathophysiological process activated by diverse cardiac stress, which impairs cardiac function and leads to adverse clinical outcome. This remodeling partly attributes to cardiac fibrosis, which is a result of differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and the production of excessive extracellular matrix within the myocardium. Non-coding RNAs mainly include microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These non-coding RNAs have been proved to have a profound impact on biological behaviors of various cardiac cell types and play a pivotal role in the development of cardiac fibrosis. This review aims to summarize the role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in cardiac fibrosis associated with pressure overload, ischemia, diabetes mellitus, aging, atrial fibrillation and heart transplantation, meanwhile shed light on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of non-coding RNAs for cardiac fibrosis.
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