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Jo MG, Kim SH, Yun SP. Hidden face of Parkinson's disease: Is it a new autoimmune disease? Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:57-61. [PMID: 39688566 PMCID: PMC12094568 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Revised: 11/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and clinical symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and slowed movements. A key feature of Parkinson's disease is the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein, forming insoluble Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which contributes to neurodegeneration. These α-synuclein aggregates may act as autoantigens, leading to T-cell-mediated neuroinflammation and contributing to dopaminergic cell death. Our perspective explores the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease may have an autoimmune component, highlighting research that connects peripheral immune responses with neurodegeneration. T cells derived from Parkinson's disease patients appear to have the potential to initiate an autoimmune response against α-synuclein and its modified peptides, possibly leading to the formation of neo-epitopes. Recent evidence associates Parkinson's disease with abnormal immune responses, as indicated by increased levels of immune cells, such as CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, observed in both patients and mouse models. The convergence of T cells filtration increasing major histocompatibility complex molecules, and the susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons supports the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease may exhibit autoimmune characteristics. Understanding the immune mechanisms involved in Parkinson's disease will be crucial for developing therapeutic strategies that target the autoimmune aspects of the disease. Novel approaches, including precision medicine based on major histocompatibility complex/human leukocyte antigen typing and early biomarker identification, could pave the way for immune-based treatments aimed at slowing or halting disease progression. This perspective explores the relationship between autoimmunity and Parkinson's disease, suggesting that further research could deepen understanding and offer new therapeutic avenues. In this paper, it is organized to provide a comprehensive perspective on the autoimmune aspects of Parkinson's disease. It investigates critical areas such as the autoimmune response observed in Parkinson's disease patients and the role of autoimmune mechanisms targeting α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. The paper also examines the impact of CD4 + T cells, specifically Th1 and Th17, on neurons through in vitro and ex vivo studies. Additionally, it explores how α-synuclein influences glia-induced neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease. The discussion extends to the clinical implications and therapeutic landscape, offering insights into potential treatments. Consequently, we aim to provide a comprehensive perspective on the autoimmune aspects of Parkinson's disease, incorporating both supportive and opposing views on its classification as an autoimmune disorder and exploring implications for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gi Jo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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2
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Goleij P, Amini A, Tabari MAK, Hadipour M, Sanaye PM, Alsharif KF, Daglia M, Larsen DS, Khan H. The role of interleukin (IL)-2 cytokine family in Parkinson's disease. Cytokine 2025; 191:156954. [PMID: 40318236 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2025.156954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, which primarily impacts the nervous system, marked by its immune and inflammatory characteristics. The interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine family has a crucial role in regulating both neuroinflammation and immune activity, positioning it as one of the critical immune pathways in PD. Balancing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals in PD heavily depends on the IL-2 cytokine family, that includes IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. This balance is vital for neuron survival and resistance to degeneration. Disruptions in IL-2 signaling can upset the equilibrium among regulatory T cells (Tregs) and pro-inflammatory T cells, such as Th1 and Th17, further aggravating the chronic neuroinflammation typical of PD. In PD, a decline in IL-2 or receptor dysfunction can hinder Treg activity, leading to increased inflammation and neurodegeneration. Similarly, IL-15 and IL-21 supports cytotoxic immune cell function, including natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells, which may exacerbate neuronal damage by sustaining pro-inflammatory processes. Moreover, IL-4 and IL-7 have anti-inflammatory roles in maintaining T cell homeostasis, and their dysregulation can contribute to interruption of the blood-brain barrier and increased infiltration of immune cells into the central nervous system. Targeting the IL-2 cytokine family in Parkinson's disease has shown therapeutic potential by expanding Tregs, which reduce neuroinflammation and promote dopaminergic neuron survival. Recombinant IL-2 and IL-2/anti-IL-2 complexes have demonstrated efficacy in animal models, enhancing Treg function and leading to improved neuroprotection. Additionally, IL-4-based therapies have been explored for their ability to shift microglia toward a neuroprotective phenotype, further enhancing neuronal survival by modulating inflammatory responses and cellular metabolism. Current research is exploring how to optimize cytokine delivery while minimizing immune side effects, with the goal of developing more targeted therapies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari 4816118761, Iran.
| | - Alireza Amini
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran 4815733971, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran 4815733971, Iran
| | - Mahboube Hadipour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas 7919693116, Iran
| | - Pantea Majma Sanaye
- School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956184, Iran
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Danaé S Larsen
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 20019, South Korea.
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3
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Bovenzi R, Conti M, Simonetta C, Bissacco J, Mascioli D, Mancini M, Buttarazzi V, Veltri F, Sancesario GM, Bagetta S, D'Amaro F, Pieri M, Cerroni R, Liguori C, Chiurchiù V, Pierantozzi M, Stefani A, Mercuri NB, Schirinzi T. Sex-specific immune-biological profiles in Parkinson's disease. J Neuroimmunol 2025; 403:578610. [PMID: 40203520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2025.578610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Revised: 03/29/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
Depending on age, both the risk and characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD) differ between the sexes. The immune system might have a role; however, human-based evidence remains scarce. Here, we investigated the relationship between peripheral immune cellular composition and the clinical-biological sexual dimorphism of PD. The leukocyte population count (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils), the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the monocytes-to-lymphocytes ratio (MLR) were collected and compared in 117 PD patients and 86 controls (CTLs), and then related to blood levels of sex hormones, CSF markers of neurodegeneration (α-synuclein, amyloid-β-42, amyloid-β-40, total tau, and phosphorylated-181-tau), and clinical features in male and female PD patients. Finally, a cluster analysis based on the three main leukocyte populations (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes) was performed for the entire PD cohort. Male PD patients had lower lymphocyte counts and higher NLR than male CTLs. Females with PD had lower monocyte counts, NLR, and MLR than males with PD. Lymphocyte counts correlated with cognition in male, but not female, PD patients. Finally, two clusters of peripheral immune cellular composition were identified: the "high peripheral inflammation" one, mostly comprising male patients, with worse clinical features and greater central α-synuclein burden, and the "low peripheral inflammation cluster", which mainly comprised female patients, with milder clinical features and lower central synucleinopathy. In conclusion, the peripheral immune pattern entails sex-specific clinical-biological profiles in PD. Moreover, systemic inflammation clusters with sex, sexual hormones, clinical features, and central synucleinopathy in PD, supporting the relevance of immunity in sexual dimorphism of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bovenzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Conti
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Simonetta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Bissacco
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Mascioli
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Mancini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Federica Veltri
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Sancesario
- Clinical Neurochemistry Unit and Biobank, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, European Centre for Brain Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Bagetta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Amaro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Cerroni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Liguori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Pierantozzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stefani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; UOSD Parkinson Centre, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Experimental Neuroscience, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Schirinzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Zheng Q, Gao Y, Han M, Wang Y, Liu H, Cao G, Wang T, Zhang H, Li Z. Inhibiting Immune Crosstalk by Modulation of the Intracellular Function and Extracellular Environment of Diseased Microglia to Boost Parkinson's Disease Therapy. ACS NANO 2025; 19:19177-19197. [PMID: 40366277 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
Abstract
Microglia usually phagocytose excessive α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates and turn into diseased analogues in Parkinson's disease (PD), which can present α-syn-associated antigens, secrete cytokines and chemokines to recruit peripheral immune cells, and form strong immune crosstalk to aggravate PD progression. Hence, targeting the diseased microglia and inhibiting their immune crosstalk emerge as promising strategies for PD therapy. Herein, we reprogram the diseased microglia to efficiently degrade α-syn aggregates and neutralize neuroinflammatory factors to reduce the detrimental immune crosstalk and enhance therapeutic efficacy using rationally designed core-shell IHM nanoparticles, which consist of a ligustilide-functionalized Cu2-xSe nanoparticle (CSL NP) core and a hybrid cell membrane shell. The CSL NPs can redress the diseased microglia to reduce over-presented antigens by dual roles of reducing microglial RAGE-mediated phagocytosis of α-syn aggregates and increasing the microglial mature cathepsin D (m-CTSD) to efficiently degrade α-syn aggregates. The hybrid cell membrane shell is formed by a MES23.5 cell membrane (MCM) and IFN-γ-treated RAW264.7 cell membrane (IRCM). It can not only target diseased microglia by the specific interactions between VCAM-1 on the MCM and α4β1 integrin on the microglial membrane but also absorb and reduce the secretion of neuroinflammatory factors by diseased microglia through upregulated neuroinflammatory cytokine receptors such as IL1R1, TNFR1, and CCR2 on the surface of IRCM. The biomimetic core-shell IHM nanoparticles can be effectively delivered into the brain via meningeal lymphatic vessels to modulate the diseased microglia for boosting PD therapy. Our study demonstrates the promise of targeting diseased microglia to reduce their immune crosstalk in the treatment of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zheng
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mengxiao Han
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yusong Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development and College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Guozhi Cao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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5
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Johansson E, Freuchet A, Williams GP, Michealis T, Frazier A, Litvan I, Goldman JG, Alcalay RN, Standaert DG, Amara AW, Stover N, Fon EA, Postuma RB, Sidney J, Sulzer D, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A. T cell responses towards PINK1 and α-synuclein are elevated in prodromal Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2025; 11:137. [PMID: 40419563 PMCID: PMC12106619 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-025-01001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025] Open
Abstract
A role of the immune system in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression has long been suspected due to the increased frequency of activated glial cells and infiltrating T cells in the substantia nigra. It was previously reported that PD donors have increased T cell responses towards PINK1 and α-synuclein (α-syn), two Lewy body-associated proteins. Further, T cell reactivity towards α-syn was highest closer to disease onset, highlighting that autoreactive T cells might play a role in PD pathogenesis. However, whether T cell autoreactivity is present during prodromal PD is unknown. Here, we investigated T cell responses towards PINK1 and α-syn in donors at high risk of developing PD (i.e. prodromal PD: genetic risk, hyposmia, and or REM sleep behavior disorder), in comparison to PD and healthy control donors. T cell reactivity to these two autoantigens was detected in prodromal PD at levels comparable to those detected in individuals with clinically diagnosed PD. Aligned with the increased incidence of PD in males, we found that males with PD, but not females, had elevated T cell reactivity compared to healthy controls. However, among prodromal PD donors, males and females had elevated T cell responses. These differing trends in reactivity highlights the need for further studies of the impact of biological sex on neuroinflammation and PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Johansson
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Antoine Freuchet
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Gregory P Williams
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Tanner Michealis
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - April Frazier
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Goldman
- JPG Enterprises LLC (prior: Shirley Ryan Ability Lab and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine), Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David G Standaert
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amy W Amara
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Natividad Stover
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Edward A Fon
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ronald B Postuma
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - John Sidney
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology and Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Recinto SJ, Kazanova A, Liu L, Cordeiro B, Premachandran S, Bessaiah H, Allot A, Afanasiev E, Mukherjee S, Pei J, MacDonald A, Yaqubi M, McBride HM, Matheoud D, Trudeau LE, Gruenheid S, Stratton JA. PINK1 deficiency rewires early immune responses in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease triggered by intestinal infection. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2025; 11:133. [PMID: 40404738 PMCID: PMC12098848 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-025-00945-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 05/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by a period of non-motor symptoms, including gastrointestinal dysfunction, preceding motor deficits by several years to decades. This long prodrome is suggestive of peripheral immunity involvement in the initiation of disease. We previously developed a model system in PINK1 KO mice displaying PD-like motor symptoms at late stages following intestinal infections. Herein, we map the initiating immune events at the site of infection in this model. Using single-cell RNAseq, we demonstrate that peripheral myeloid cells are the earliest highly dysregulated immune cell type followed by an aberrant T cell response shortly after. We also demonstrate an increased propensity for antigen presentation and that activated myeloid cells acquire a proinflammatory profile capable of inducing cytotoxic T cell responses. Together, our study provides the first evidence that PINK1 is a key regulator of immune functions in the gut underlying early PD-related disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherilyn Junelle Recinto
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Alexandra Kazanova
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Brendan Cordeiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shobina Premachandran
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hicham Bessaiah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis Allot
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elia Afanasiev
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sriparna Mukherjee
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Pei
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Adam MacDonald
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Moein Yaqubi
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Heidi M McBride
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Diana Matheoud
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Eric Trudeau
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Samantha Gruenheid
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
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7
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Freuchet A, Johansson E, Frazier A, Litvan I, Goldman JG, Alcalay RN, Sulzer D, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A. Differential memory enrichment of cytotoxic CD4 T cells in Parkinson's disease patients reactive to α-synuclein. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2025; 11:127. [PMID: 40368950 PMCID: PMC12078614 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-025-00981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with a largely unknown etiology. Although the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta is the pathological hallmark of PD, neuroinflammation also plays a fundamental role in PD pathology. We have previously reported that PD patients have increased frequencies of T cells reactive to peptides from α-synuclein (α-syn). However, not all PD participants respond to α-syn. Furthermore, we have previously found that CD4 T cells from PD participants responding to α-syn (PD_R) are transcriptionally distinct from PD participants not responding to α-syn (PD_NR). To gain further insight into the pathology of PD_R participants, we investigated surface protein expression of 11 proteins whose genes had previously been found to be differentially expressed when comparing PD_R and healthy control participants not responding to α-syn (HC_NR). We found that Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2 (CELSR2) was expressed on a significantly higher proportion of CD4 effector memory T cells (TEM) in PD_R compared to HC_NR. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of cells expressing or not expressing CELSR2 revealed that PD_R participants have elevated frequencies of activated TEM subsets and an almost complete loss of cytotoxic TEM cells. Flow cytometry analyses confirmed that Granulysin+ CD4 cytotoxic TEM cells are reduced in PD_R. Taken together, these results provide further insight into the perturbation of T cell subsets in PD_R, and highlights the need for further investigation into the role of Granulysin+ CD4 cytotoxic TEM in PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Freuchet
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Emil Johansson
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - April Frazier
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Goldman
- JPG Enterprises LLC; prior: Shirley Ryan Ability Lab and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Sulzer
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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8
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Moosavi SG, Rahiman N, Jaafari MR, Arabi L. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mediated mRNA delivery in neurodegenerative diseases. J Control Release 2025; 381:113641. [PMID: 40120689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.113641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2025] [Revised: 03/12/2025] [Accepted: 03/15/2025] [Indexed: 03/25/2025]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons and the impairment of cellular functions. Messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a promising therapy for treating NDD, as it can encode missing or dysfunctional proteins and anti-inflammatory cytokines or neuroprotective proteins to halt the progression of these diseases. However, effective mRNA delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a significant challenge due to the limited penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) offer an efficient solution by encapsulating and protecting mRNA, facilitating transfection and intracellular delivery. This review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington's disease (HD), ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, and Friedreich's ataxia. Additionally, it explores the potential of LNP-mediated mRNA delivery as a therapeutic strategy for these diseases. Various approaches to overcoming BBB-related challenges and enhancing the delivery and efficacy of mRNA-LNPs are discussed, including non-invasive methods with strong potential for clinical translation. With advancements in artificial intelligence (AI)-guided mRNA and LNP design, targeted delivery, gene editing, and CAR-T cell therapy, mRNA-LNPs could significantly transform the treatment landscape for NDD, paving the way for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Ghazal Moosavi
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rahiman
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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9
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Abstract
Both genetic and environmental factors modulate the risk of Parkinson's disease. In this article, all these pathophysiologic processes that contribute to damages at the tissue, cellular, organelle, and molecular levels, and their effects are talked about.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - ZhiDong Zhou
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - YinXia Chao
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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10
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Koros C, Simitsi AM, Papagiannakis N, Antonelou R, Bougea A, Papadimitriou D, Pachi I, Beratis I, Kontaxopoulou D, Fragkiadaki S, Sfikas E, Alefanti I, Chrysovitsanou C, Angelopoulou E, Bregianni M, Lourentzos K, Constantinides VC, Velonakis G, Prassopoulos V, Bonakis A, Papageorgiou SG, Potagas C, Picillo M, Barone P, Stamelou M, Stefanis L. Peripheral Immune pattern in a genetic cohort of p.A53T alpha-synuclein carriers. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2025; 135:107853. [PMID: 40328209 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2025] [Accepted: 04/26/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research has shown that inflammatory immune biomarkers including peripheral white blood cell subpopulations differ between Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and healthy controls (HC), with PD exhibiting higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The aim of the present report was to assess the peripheral immune profile in patients or asymptomatic carriers harboring the p.A53T alpha-synuclein (SNCA) mutation. METHODS Data regarding 31 p.A53T SNCA PD patients, 9 asymptomatic mutation carriers and 194 HCs were obtained from the database of the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Focus was placed on peripheral immune blood cells subpopulations and clinical/imaging parameters at baseline. RESULTS NLR, Absolute Neutrophil cell count and Neutrophils to total Leukocytes ratio were increased in the p.A53T SNCA PD group as compared to HCs [2.77 vs 2.18 (p < 0.001), 4.32 × 10^3 cells/μL vs 3.67 × 10^3 cells/μL (p = 0.001), 65.67 % vs 59.55 % (p < 0.001)]. Differences in NLR were mainly driven by the male patient subgroup. Lymphocytes to total Leukocytes and Monocytes to total Leukocytes ratio were lower in the p.A53T SNCA cohort as compared to HC [(p = 0.001) and (p = 0.002)]. Finally, we observed a positive correlation between the absolute Lymphocyte count and the mean putamen DATSCAN signal. Asymptomatic carriers did not differ statistically from either group. DISCUSSION Our current study provides evidence of a specific pattern of peripheral immune response in the p.A53T SNCA PD group which aligns well with literature data in idiopathic and GBA-PD. Whether this peripheral immune activation represents a contributing cause or an effect of the neurodegenerative process will require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koros
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Athina-Maria Simitsi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papagiannakis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Roubina Antonelou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna Pachi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Ion Beratis
- Deree, The American College in Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysia Kontaxopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stella Fragkiadaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Sfikas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Alefanti
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysa Chrysovitsanou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marianna Bregianni
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Lourentzos
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios C Constantinides
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Velonakis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasios Bonakis
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Sokratis G Papageorgiou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantin Potagas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Picillo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CEMAND), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Paolo Barone
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CEMAND), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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11
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Peralta Ramos JM, Castellani G, Kviatcovsky D, Croese T, Tsitsou-Kampeli A, Burgaletto C, Abellanas MA, Cahalon L, Phoebeluc Colaiuta S, Salame TM, Kuperman Y, Savidor A, Itkin M, Malitsky S, Ovadia S, Ferrera S, Kalfon L, Kadmani S, Samra N, Paz R, Rokach L, Furlan R, Aharon-Peretz J, Falik-Zaccai TC, Schwartz M. Targeting CD38 immunometabolic checkpoint improves metabolic fitness and cognition in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2025; 16:3736. [PMID: 40254603 PMCID: PMC12009998 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Protective immunity, essential for brain maintenance and repair, may be compromised in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, using high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry, we find a unique immunometabolic signature in circulating CD4+ T cells preceding symptom onset in individuals with familial AD, featured by the elevation of CD38 expression. Using female 5xFAD mice, a mouse model of AD, we show that treatment with an antibody directed to CD38 leads to restored metabolic fitness, improved cognitive performance, and attenuated local neuroinflammation. Comprehensive profiling across distinct immunological niches in 5xFAD mice, reveals a high level of disease-associated CD4+ T cells that produce IL-17A in the dural meninges, previously linked to cognitive decline. Targeting CD38 leads to abrogation of meningeal TH17 immunity and cortical IL-1β, breaking the negative feedback loop between these two compartments. Taken together, the present findings suggest CD38 as an immunometabolic checkpoint that could be adopted as a pre-symptomatic biomarker for early diagnosis of AD, and might also be therapeutically targeted alone or in combination with other immunotherapies for disease modification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Castellani
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Liora Cahalon
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Tomer-Meir Salame
- Department Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Kuperman
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- The De Botton Protein Profiling Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Department Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Department Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sharon Ovadia
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Shiran Kadmani
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Nadra Samra
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Rotem Paz
- Cognitive Neurology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lior Rokach
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith Aharon-Peretz
- Cognitive Neurology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tzipora C Falik-Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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12
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Wu J, Xu W, Su Y, Wang GH, Ma JJ. Targeting chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2025; 46:816-828. [PMID: 39548290 PMCID: PMC11950187 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
The pathological hallmarks of various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease prominently feature the accumulation of misfolded proteins and neuroinflammation. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) has emerged as a distinct autophagic process that coordinates the lysosomal degradation of specific proteins bearing the pentapeptide motif Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ), a recognition target for the cytosolic chaperone HSC70. Beyond its role in protein quality control, recent research underscores the intimate interplay between CMA and immune regulation in neurodegeneration. In this review, we illuminate the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways governing CMA. We further discuss the potential roles of CMA in maintaining neuronal proteostasis and modulating neuroinflammation mediated by glial cells. Finally, we summarize the recent advancements in CMA modulators, emphasizing the significance of activating CMA for the therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Wan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guang-Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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13
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Fredlund F, Fryklund C, Trujeque-Ramos O, Staley HA, Pardo J, Luk KC, Tansey MG, Swanberg M. Lack of neuroprotection after systemic administration of the soluble TNF inhibitor XPro1595 in an rAAV6-α-Syn + PFFs-induced rat model for Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2025; 207:106841. [PMID: 39954745 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2025.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration, α-Synuclein (α-Syn) pathology, and inflammation. Microglia in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) upregulate major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII), and variants in genes encoding MHCII affect PD risk. Additionally, elevated TNF levels and α-Syn-reactive T cells in circulation suggest a strong link between innate and adaptive immune responses in PD. We have previously reported that reduced levels of the class II transactivator, the master regulator of MHCII expression, increases susceptibility to α-Syn-induced PD-like pathology in rats and are associated with higher serum levels of soluble TNF (sTNF). Here, we demonstrate that inhibiting sTNF with a dominant-negative TNF variant, XPro1595, known to be neuroprotective in endotoxin- and toxin-induced neurodegeneration models, fails to protect against robust α-Syn-induced PD-like pathology in rats. We used a model combining rAAV-mediated α-Syn overexpression in SNpc with striatal injection of α-Syn preformed fibrils two weeks later. Systemic XPro1595 treatment was initiated one-week post-rAAV-α-Syn. We observed up to 70 % loss of striatal dopaminergic fibers without treatment, and no protective effects on dopaminergic neurodegeneration after XPro1595 administration. Pathological α-Syn levels as well as microglial and astrocytic activation were not reduced in SNpc or striatum following XPro1595 treatment. An increase in IL-6 and IL-1β levels in CSF was observed in rats treated with XPro1595, possibly explaining a lack of protective effects following treatment. Our results highlight the need to determine the importance of timing of treatment initiation, which is crucial for future applications of sTNF therapies in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Fredlund
- Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Claes Fryklund
- Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olivia Trujeque-Ramos
- Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hannah A Staley
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joaquin Pardo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Molecular Neuromodulation, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Malú G Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maria Swanberg
- Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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14
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Gan YH, Ma LZ, Zhang Y, You J, Guo Y, He Y, Wang LB, He XY, Li YZ, Dong Q, Feng JF, Cheng W, Yu JT. Large-scale proteomic analyses of incident Parkinson's disease reveal new pathophysiological insights and potential biomarkers. NATURE AGING 2025; 5:642-657. [PMID: 39979637 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-025-00818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025]
Abstract
The early pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is poorly understood. We analyzed 2,920 Olink-measured plasma proteins in 51,804 UK Biobank participants, identifying 859 incident PD cases after 14.45 years. We found 38 PD-related proteins, with six of the top ten validated in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort. ITGAV, HNMT and ITGAM showed consistent significant association (hazard ratio: 0.11-0.57, P = 6.90 × 10-24 to 2.10 × 10-11). Lipid metabolism dysfunction was evident 15 years before PD onset, and levels of BAG3, HPGDS, ITGAV and PEPD continuously decreased before diagnosis. These proteins were linked to prodromal symptoms and brain measures. Mendelian randomization suggested ITGAM and EGFR as potential causes of PD. A predictive model using machine learning combined the top 16 proteins and demographics, achieving high accuracy for 5-year (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.887) and over-5-year PD prediction (AUC = 0.816), outperforming demographic-only models. It was externally validated in PPMI (AUC = 0.802). Our findings reveal early peripheral pathophysiological changes in PD crucial for developing early biomarkers and precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Gan
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Ma
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia You
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Bo Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yu He
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Li
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Lin R, Cai G, Chen Y, Zheng J, Wang S, Xiao H, Ye Q, Xue Y, Jiang R. Association of glymphatic system function with peripheral inflammation and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2025; 11:62. [PMID: 40155401 PMCID: PMC11953377 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-025-00909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence highlights the roles of glymphatic system and peripheral inflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluated their interrelationship and potential mechanisms contributing to motor symptoms using DTI-ALPS and inflammatory markers (leukocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR]) in 134 PD patients (52 tremor-dominant [TD], 62 postural instability and gait difficulty [PIGD]) and 81 healthy controls (HC, 33 with inflammatory markers). PD exhibited lower DTI-ALPS than HC (1.43 ± 0.19 vs. 1.52 ± 0.21, p = 0.001). DTI-ALPS was negatively correlated with NLR, PLR, and neutrophils in PD (all p < 0.05) and with neutrophils in PIGD (β = -0.043, p = 0.048), and positively correlated with lymphocytes in TD (β = 0.105, p = 0.034). DTI-ALPS mediated the relationship between peripheral inflammation (NLR and neutrophils) and MDS-UPDRS III score in PD. Overall, glymphatic dysfunction correlates with peripheral inflammation and may mediate effects of inflammation on motor symptoms in PD, with distinct inflammation profiles between TD and PIGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Lin
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinmei Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shu Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huinan Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yunjing Xue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Rifeng Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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16
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Waheed I, Sikandri T, Zaheen S, Khakwani MMAK, An Z, Liu T, Zhu C, Wei J. Evaluating the Molecular Interactions between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson's Disease: Role of Antidiabetic Drugs as Promising Therapeutics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2025; 16:988-999. [PMID: 40042145 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Evidence from previous research demonstrates a relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and Parkinson's disease (PD). T2DM is associated with chronic glucose dysregulation, as an etiological factor. It inhibits neuronal function through disrupted insulin signaling and oxidative stress, which ultimately lead to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Interactions between T2DM and PD were analyzed by gene expression, coexpression, and gene set enrichment via NCBI and STRING databases following pathways like KEGG and Reactome. The study identified nine key gene interactions through published literature on different databases and search engines that are involved in the progression of these chronic diseases. Furthermore, some genetic and nongenetic risk factors, gene mutations and environmental factors, are also involved in the progression of T2DM and PD. This review highlights the limitations of currently available drug treatments for these diseases and examines modern therapeutic approaches to address neurodegenerative and metabolic abnormalities. We critically assess the current experimental methodologies aimed at unraveling the pathophysiological mechanisms linking PD and T2DM while addressing the key challenges impeding a comprehensive understanding of the concurrent emergence of these debilitating age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Waheed
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Talal Sikandri
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Sumbal Zaheen
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | | | - Zhaowu An
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Neurourology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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17
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Yu J, Zhou R, Liu S, Zheng J, Yan H, Su S, Chai N, Segal E, Jiang C, Guo K, Li CZ. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Exosomal microRNA Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Anal Chem 2025; 97:5355-5371. [PMID: 40057850 PMCID: PMC11923972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 02/20/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Early and precise diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) is crucial for slowing their progression and enhancing patient outcomes. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers due to their ability to reflect the diseases' pathology, yet their low abundance poses significant detection hurdles. This review article delves into the burgeoning field of electrochemical biosensors, designed for the precise detection of exosomal miRNA biomarkers. Electrochemical biosensors offer a compelling solution, combining the sensitivity required to detect low-abundance biomarkers with the specificity needed to discern miRNA profiles distinctive to neural pathological states. We explore the operational principles of these biosensors, including the electrochemical transduction mechanisms that facilitate miRNA detection. The review also summarizes advancements in nanotechnology, signal enhancement, bioreceptor anchoring, and microfluidic integration that improve sensor accuracy. The evidence of their use in neurodegenerative disease diagnosis is analyzed, focusing on the clinical impact, diagnostic precision, and obstacles faced in practical applications. Their potential integration into point-of-care testing and regulatory considerations for their market entry are discussed. Looking toward the future, the article highlights forthcoming innovations that might revolutionize early diagnostic processes. Electrochemical biosensors, with their impressive sensitivity, specificity, and point-of-care compatibility, are on track to become instrumental in the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, possibly transforming patient care and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Yu
- Biotechnology
and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Shantou 515063, China
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Runzhi Zhou
- Biotechnology
and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Shantou 515063, China
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shan Liu
- Sichuan
Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department
of Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan
Provincial People’s Hospital, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jintao Zheng
- Biotechnology
and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Shantou 515063, China
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Haoyang Yan
- Biotechnology
and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Shantou 515063, China
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Song Su
- Department
of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center
of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ningli Chai
- Department
of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center
of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ester Segal
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Cheng Jiang
- School
of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Keying Guo
- Biotechnology
and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Shantou 515063, China
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy
Conversion, Shantou 515063, China
- Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MIPS), Monash
University, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Chen-zhong Li
- School
of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
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18
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Ogwo MN, Goyal G, Zotor P, Sharma B, Rodarte D, Lakshmanaswamy R, Kumar S. MicroRNAs alteration and unique distribution in the soma and synapses of substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.03.12.642888. [PMID: 40161593 PMCID: PMC11952443 DOI: 10.1101/2025.03.12.642888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative condition after Alzheimer's. Abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates disrupts the balance of dopaminergic (DA-ergic) synapse components, interfering with dopamine transmission and leading to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss in PD. However exact molecular mechanism underlying DA-ergic neuronal cell loss in the SNpc in not known. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are observed in various compartments of neural elements including cell bodies, nerve terminals, mitochondria, synaptic vesicles and synaptosomes. However, miRNAs expression and cellular distribution are unknown in the soma and synapse compartment in PD and healthy state. To address this void of information, we isolated synaptosomes and cytosolic fractions (soma) from post-mortem brains of PD-affected individuals and unaffected controls (UC) and processed for miRNA sequencing analysis. A group of miRNAs were significantly altered ( p < 0.05) with high fold changes (variance +/- > 2-fold) in their expressions in different comparisons: 1. UC synaptosome vs UC cytosol, 2. PD synaptosome vs PD cytosol, 3. PD synaptosome vs UC synaptosome, 4. PD cytosol vs UC cytosol. Our study unveiled some potential miRNAs in PD and their alteration and unique distribution in the soma and synapses of SNpc in PD and controls. Further, gene ontology enrichment analysis showed the involvement of deregulated miRNAs in several molecular function and cellular components: synapse assembly formation, cell junction organization, cell projections, mitochondria, Calcium ion binding and protein binding activities.
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19
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Duan Q, Zhang Q, Jiang S, Nie K, Feng S, Qiu Y, He P, Xing Y, Liu J, Ma G, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Wang L. Transmission of peripheral blood α-synuclein fibrils exacerbates synucleinopathy and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease by endothelial Lag3 endocytosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2025; 328:C836-C855. [PMID: 39652643 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00639.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 11/03/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder. The pathological feature of PD is abnormal α-synuclein (α-syn) formation and transmission. Recent evidence demonstrates that α-syn preformed fibrils (α-syn PFFs) can be detected in the serum of patients with PD. The peripheral blood α-syn PFF can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and aggravate neuronal damage, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. We constructed the PD mouse models of different severity: the mild pathology (A53T ONLY) and the severe pathology (A53T + Brain FIB); this was followed by α-syn PFFs intravenous injection. Then, we used endothelium-specific Lag3 knockout mice (Lag3-ECs-CKO) to decrease the blood α-syn PFFs spreading. We observed that intravenous transmission of α-syn PFFs significantly aggravated motor deficits, dopaminergic neuron loss, neuroinflammation, and pathologic α-syn deposition in A53T ONLY, but not in A53T + Brain FIB. Blocking endothelial Lag3 endocytosis by Lag3-ECs-CKO decreased the blood α-syn PFFs spreading and improved the symptoms and pathogenesis of PD mice. Our findings reveal the role of peripheral blood α-syn PFFs transmission in the mild pathology or early-stage PD and the mechanism of endothelial Lag3 endocytosis in the pathology of α-syn transmission. Targeting endothelial Lag3 to prevent α-syn from spreading from the blood to the brain may be a disease-modifying therapy in early-stage PD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study highlights the transmission mechanism of peripheral blood α-synuclein preformed fibrils (α-syn PFFs) through endothelial Lag3 endocytosis in the mild pathology or early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). Targeting endothelial Lag3 as a perspective of decreasing peripheral blood α-syn PFFs transmission may be a disease-modifying therapy in early-stage PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingrui Duan
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - ShuoLin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Nie
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Feng
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihui Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peikun He
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Xing
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixian Ma
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyuan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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Sampson T. Microbial amyloids in neurodegenerative amyloid diseases. FEBS J 2025; 292:1265-1281. [PMID: 38041542 PMCID: PMC11144261 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Human-disease associated amyloidogenic proteins are not unique in their ability to form amyloid fibrillar structures. Numerous microbes produce amyloidogenic proteins that have distinct functions for their physiology in their amyloid form, rather than solely detrimental. Emerging data indicate associations between various microbial organisms, including those which produce functional amyloids, with neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review some of the evidence suggesting that microbial amyloids impact amyloid disease in host organisms. Experimental data are building a foundation for continued lines of enquiry and suggest that that direct or indirect interactions between microbial and host amyloids may be a contributor to amyloid pathologies. Inhibiting microbial amyloids or their interactions with the host may therefore represent a tangible target to limit various amyloid pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Sampson
- Department of Cell BiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research NetworkChevy ChaseMDUSA
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21
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von Bernhardi R, Eugenín J. Ageing-related changes in the regulation of microglia and their interaction with neurons. Neuropharmacology 2025; 265:110241. [PMID: 39617175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is one of the most important risk factors for chronic health conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammation is a feature of ageing, as well as a key pathophysiological mechanism for degenerative diseases. Microglia play multiple roles in the central nervous system; their states entail a complex assemblage of responses reflecting the multiplicity of functions they fulfil both under homeostatic basal conditions and in response to stimuli. Whereas glial cells can promote neuronal homeostasis and limit neurodegeneration, age-related inflammation (i.e. inflammaging) leads to the functional impairment of microglia and astrocytes, exacerbating their response to stimuli. Thus, microglia are key mediators for age-dependent changes of the nervous system, participating in the generation of a less supportive or even hostile environment for neurons. Whereas multiple changes of ageing microglia have been described, here we will focus on the neuron-microglia regulatory crosstalk through fractalkine (CX3CL1) and CD200, and the regulatory cytokine Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGFβ1), which is involved in immunomodulation and neuroprotection. Ageing results in a dysregulated activation of microglia, affecting neuronal survival, and function. The apparent unresponsiveness of aged microglia to regulatory signals could reflect a restriction in the mechanisms underlying their homeostatic and reactive states. The spectrum of functions, required to respond to life-long needs for brain maintenance and in response to disease, would progressively narrow, preventing microglia from maintaining their protective functions. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
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Affiliation(s)
- Rommy von Bernhardi
- Universidad San Sebastian, Faculty for Odontology and Rehabilitation Sciences. Lota 2465, Providencia, Santiago, PO. 7510602, Chile.
| | - Jaime Eugenín
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, PO. 7510602, Chile.
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22
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Ma Y, Hossen MM, Huang JJ, Yin Z, Du J, Ye Z, Zeng M, Huang Z. Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45: a new player on inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2025; 16:1513069. [PMID: 40083548 PMCID: PMC11903704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1513069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (GADD45) proteins are critical stress sensors rapidly induced in response to genotoxic/physiological stress and regulate many cellular functions. Even though the primary function of the proteins is to block the cell cycle, inhibit cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, and repair DNA damage to cope with the damage caused by internal and external stress on the body, evidence has shown that GADD45 also has the function to modulate innate and adaptive immunity and plays a broader role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we focus on the immunomodulatory role of GADD45 in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. First, we describe the regulatory factors that affect the expression of GADD45. Then, we introduce its immunoregulatory roles on immune cells and the critical signaling pathways mediated by GADD45. Finally, we discuss its immunomodulatory effects in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Ma
- Rheumatology Research Institute, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Immunology, Biological Therapy Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Md Munnaf Hossen
- Rheumatology Research Institute, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Immunology, Biological Therapy Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jennifer Jin Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Rheumatology Research Institute, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Rheumatology Research Institute, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miaoyu Zeng
- Rheumatology Research Institute, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Immunology, Biological Therapy Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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23
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Zúñiga CH, Acosta BI, Menchaca R, Amescua CA, Hong S, Hui L, Gil M, Rhee YH, Yoon S, Kim M, Chang PY, Kim YM, Song PY, Betito K. Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease subjects with expanded non-genetically modified autologous natural killer cells (SNK01): a phase I study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2025; 17:40. [PMID: 39939891 PMCID: PMC11817217 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-025-01681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/14/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of natural killer (NK) cells of the innate immune system in neurodegenerative disease has largely been overlooked despite studies demonstrating their ability to reduce neuroinflammation (thought to be mediated by the elimination of activated T cells, degradation of protein aggregates and secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines). SNK01 is an autologous non-genetically modified NK cell product showing increased activity in vitro. We hypothesized that SNK01 can be safely infused to reduce neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. METHODS SNK01 was produced and characterized for its ability to eliminate activated T cells, degrade protein aggregates and secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines. In this phase 1 study, SNK01 was administered intravenously every three weeks for a total of 4 treatments using a 3 + 3 dose escalation design (1, 2 and 4 × 109 cells) in subjects with either mild, moderate, or severe AD (median CDR-SB 10.0). Cognitive assessments and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers associated with protein aggregation, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation including amyloid-β42 and 42/40, α-synuclein, total Tau, pTau217 and pTau181, neurofilament light, GFAP and YKL-40 analyses were performed at baseline, at 1 and 12 weeks after the last dose. The primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints included changes in cognitive assessments and biomarker levels. RESULTS In preclinical in vitro studies, SNK01 were able to uptake and degrade the protein aggregates of amyloid-β and α-synuclein, produce anti-inflammatory cytokines and eliminate activated T cells. In the phase 1 clinical study, eleven subjects were enrolled (10 evaluable). No drug-related adverse events were observed. Despite 70% of subjects being treated at relatively low doses of SNK01 (1 and 2 × 109 cells), 50-70% of all enrolled subjects had stable/improved CDR-SB, ADAS-Cog and/or MMSE scores and 90% had stable/improved ADCOMS at one-week after the last dose. SNK01 also appeared to have beneficial effects on protein aggregate levels and neuroinflammatory biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid, with decreases in pTau181 and GFAP appearing to be dose-dependent. CONCLUSIONS SNK01 was well tolerated and appeared to have clinical activity in AD while also having beneficial effects on cerebrospinal fluid protein and neuroinflammatory biomarker levels. A larger trial with a higher dosing/duration has been initiated in the USA in 2023. TRIAL REGISTRATION www. CLINICALTRIALS gov NCT04678453, date of registration: 2020-12-22.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca Isaura Acosta
- Hospital Angeles - Zona Río, Zona Urbana Río Tijuana, 22010, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - Rufino Menchaca
- Hospital Angeles - Zona Río, Zona Urbana Río Tijuana, 22010, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - Cesar A Amescua
- Hospital Angeles - Zona Río, Zona Urbana Río Tijuana, 22010, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - Sean Hong
- NKGen Biotech, 3001 Daimler St, Santa Ana, CA, 92705, USA
| | - Lucia Hui
- NKGen Biotech, 3001 Daimler St, Santa Ana, CA, 92705, USA
| | - Minchan Gil
- NKMAX Co., Ltd, 1F/6F, SNUH Healthcare Innovation Park, 172, Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Rhee
- NKMAX Co., Ltd, 1F/6F, SNUH Healthcare Innovation Park, 172, Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwook Yoon
- NKMAX Co., Ltd, 1F/6F, SNUH Healthcare Innovation Park, 172, Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- NKMAX Co., Ltd, 1F/6F, SNUH Healthcare Innovation Park, 172, Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul Y Chang
- NKGen Biotech, 3001 Daimler St, Santa Ana, CA, 92705, USA
| | - Yong Man Kim
- NKGen Biotech, 3001 Daimler St, Santa Ana, CA, 92705, USA
| | - Paul Y Song
- NKGen Biotech, 3001 Daimler St, Santa Ana, CA, 92705, USA
| | - Katia Betito
- NKGen Biotech, 3001 Daimler St, Santa Ana, CA, 92705, USA.
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24
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Bu S, Li X, Pang H, Zhao M, Wang J, Liu Y, Yu H, Jiang Y, Fan G. Motor Functional Hierarchical Organization of Cerebrum and Its Underlying Genetic Architecture in Parkinson's Disease. J Neurosci 2025; 45:e1492242024. [PMID: 39824632 PMCID: PMC11823334 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1492-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Hierarchy has been identified as a principle underlying the organization of human brain networks. However, it remains unclear how the network hierarchy is disrupted in Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms and how it is modulated by the underlying genetic architecture. The aim of this study was to explore alterations in the motor functional hierarchical organization of the cerebrum and their underlying genetic mechanism. In this study, the brain network hierarchy of each group was described through a connectome gradient analysis among 68 healthy controls (HC), 70 postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) subtype, and 69 tremor-dominant (TD) subtype, including both male and female participants, according to its motor symptoms. Furthermore, transcription-neuroimaging association analyses using gene expression data from Allen Human Brain Atlas and case-control gradient differences were performed to identify genes associated with gradient alterations. Different PD motor subtypes exhibited contracted principal and secondary functional gradients relative to HC. The identified genes in different PD motor subtypes enriched for shared biological processes like metal ion transport and inorganic ion transmembrane transport. In addition, these genes were overexpressed in Ntsr+ neurons cell, enriched in extensive cortical regions and wide developmental time windows. Aberrant cerebral functional gradients in PD-related motor symptoms have been detected, and the motor-disturbed genes have shared biological functions. The present findings may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying hierarchical alterations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Bu
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Huize Pang
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Mengwan Zhao
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Juzhou Wang
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hongmei Yu
- Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yueluan Jiang
- MR Research Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Guoguang Fan
- Departments of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Furusawa-Nishii E, Solongo B, Rai K, Yoshikawa S, Chiba A, Okuzumi A, Ueno SI, Hoshino Y, Imamichi-Tatano Y, Kimura H, Hatano T, Hattori N, Miyake S. α-Synuclein orchestrates Th17 responses as antigen and adjuvant in Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2025; 22:38. [PMID: 39934862 PMCID: PMC11816547 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-025-03359-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Recently, the role of T cells in the pathology of α-synuclein (αS)-mediated neurodegenerative disorders called synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy, has attracted increasing attention. Although the existence of αS-specific T cells and the immunogenicity of the post-translationally modified αS fragment have been reported in PD and DLB, the key cellular subset associated with disease progression and its induction mechanism remain largely unknown.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from synucleinopathy patients and healthy controls were cultured in the presence of the αS peptide pools. Cytokine analysis using culture supernatants revealed that C-terminal αS peptides with a phosphorylated serine 129 residue (pS129), a feature of pathological αS aggregates, promoted the production of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, IFN-γ and IL-13 in PD patients compared with that in controls. In pS129 peptide-reactive PD cases, Ki67 expression was increased in CD4 T cells but not in CD8 T cells, and intracellular cytokine staining assay revealed the existence of pS129 peptide-specific Th1 and Th17 cells. The pS129 peptide-specific Th17 responses, but not Th1 responses, demonstrated a positive correlation with the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part III scores. A similar correlation was observed for IL-17A levels in the culture supernatant of PBMCs from PD patients with disease duration < 10 years. Interestingly, enhanced Th17 responses to pS129 peptides were uniquely found in PD patients among the synucleinopathies, suggesting that Th17 responses are amplified by certain mechanisms in PD patients. To investigate such mechanisms, we analyzed Th17-inducible capacity of αS-exposed dendritic cells (DCs). In vitro stimulation with αS aggregates generated Th17-inducible DCs with IL-6 and IL-23 production through the signaling of TLR4 and spliced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1s). In fact, the levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in plasma, and the XBP1s ratio in type 2 conventional DCs were increased in PD patients compared with those in controls.Here, we propose the importance of αS-specific Th17 responses in the progression of PD and the underlying mechanisms inducing Th17 responses. These findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies to prevent disease development through the suppression of TLR4-XBP1s-IL-23 signaling in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Furusawa-Nishii
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bataa Solongo
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Rai
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Chiba
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayami Okuzumi
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Hoshino
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Imamichi-Tatano
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Hatano
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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26
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Zhao J, Wu Z, Cai F, Yu X, Song Z. Higher systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease in adults: a nationwide population-based study. Front Aging Neurosci 2025; 17:1529197. [PMID: 39990106 PMCID: PMC11842390 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1529197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the association between a new inflammatory marker, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in adult population. Methods A cross-sectional design was used, participants were recruited from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2020. Three logistic regression models were used to explore the association between SII and the risk of PD, and subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used. In addition, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to explore the dose-response relationship between SII and PD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to explore the diagnostic value of SII for PD. Results A total of 54,027 adults (mean age 35 years) were included in this study. The results of logistic regression showed that after adjusted for all covariates, compared with the Q1 group (lowest quartile in SII), the risk of PD in the Q3 group (OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.20-2.82, p < 0.001) and the Q4 group increased (OR = 2.49, 95%CI = 1.69-3.77, p < 0.001), with p-trend < 0.001. After excluding individuals with any missing values, sensitivity analysis also found a positive association between SII and PD. Subgroup analysis showed that this association was more significant in women, younger than 60 years old, non-smokers, alcohol drinkers, non-obese, and without a history of stroke, diabetes, or coronary heart disease. In addition, there was a positive dose-response relationship between SII and PD, and SII had an acceptable diagnostic value for PD (AUC = 0.72). Conclusion SII is positively correlated with the prevalence of PD in the adult population, and SII can help differentiate between PD and non-PD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengyin Cai
- Department of Nursing, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuejv Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenyu Song
- Department of Neurology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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27
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Huang Y, Zhang G, Li S, Feng J, Zhang Z. Innate and adaptive immunity in neurodegenerative disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2025; 82:68. [PMID: 39894884 PMCID: PMC11788272 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05533-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2025]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a group of neurological disorders characterized by the progressive loss of selected neurons. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common NDs. Pathologically, NDs are characterized by progressive failure of neural interactions and aberrant protein fibril aggregation and deposition, which lead to neuron loss and cognitive and behavioral impairments. Great efforts have been made to delineate the underlying mechanism of NDs. However, the very first trigger of these disorders and the state of the illness are still vague. Existing therapeutic strategies can relieve symptoms but cannot cure these diseases. The human immune system is a complex and intricate network comprising various components that work together to protect the body against pathogens and maintain overall health. They can be broadly divided into two main types: innate immunity, the first line of defense against pathogens, which acts nonspecifically, and adaptive immunity, which follows a defense process that acts more specifically and is targeted. The significance of brain immunity in maintaining the homeostatic environment of the brain, and its direct implications in NDs, has increasingly come into focus. Some components of the immune system have beneficial regulatory effects, whereas others may have detrimental effects on neurons. The intricate interplay and underlying mechanisms remain an area of active research. This review focuses on the effects of both innate and adaptive immunity on AD and PD, offering a comprehensive understanding of the initiation and regulation of brain immunity, as well as the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity in influencing the progression of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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28
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Elyaman W, Stern LJ, Jiang N, Dressman D, Bradley P, Klatzmann D, Bradshaw EM, Farber DL, Kent SC, Chizari S, Funk K, Devanand D, Thakur KT, Raj T, Dalahmah OA, Sarkis RA, Weiner HL, Shneider NA, Przedborski S. Exploring the role of T cells in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases: Emerging therapeutic insights from the T Cells in the Brain symposium. Alzheimers Dement 2025; 21:e14548. [PMID: 39868844 PMCID: PMC11851166 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
This proceedings article summarizes the inaugural "T Cells in the Brain" symposium held at Columbia University. Experts gathered to explore the role of T cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Key topics included characterization of antigen-specific immune responses, T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, microbial etiology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and microglia-T cell crosstalk, with a focus on how T cells affect neuroinflammation and AD biomarkers like amyloid beta and tau. The symposium also examined immunotherapies for AD, including the Valacyclovir Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (VALAD) trial, and two clinical trials leveraging regulatory T cell approaches for multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis therapy. Additionally, single-cell RNA/TCR sequencing of T cells and other immune cells provided insights into immune dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases. This article highlights key findings from the symposium and outlines future research directions to further understand the role of T cells in neurodegeneration, offering innovative therapeutic approaches for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. HIGHLIGHTS: Researchers gathered to discuss approaches to study T cells in brain disorders. New technologies allow high-throughput screening of antigen-specific T cells. Microbial infections can precede several serious and chronic neurological diseases. Central and peripheral T cell responses shape neurological disease pathology. Immunotherapy can induce regulatory T cell responses in neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Elyaman
- Division of Translational NeurobiologyDepartment of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and DiseaseColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Lawrence J. Stern
- Department of Pathology, and Immunology and Microbiology ProgramUMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute for Immunology and Immune HealthCenter for Cellular ImmunotherapiesAbramson Cancer CenterInstitute for RNA InnovationCenter for Precision Engineering for HealthUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Dallin Dressman
- Division of Translational NeurobiologyDepartment of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and DiseaseColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Philip Bradley
- Computational Biology ProgramPublic Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - David Klatzmann
- INSERM UMRS 959Immunology‐Immunopathology‐Immunotherapy (i3)Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Elizabeth M. Bradshaw
- Division of Translational NeurobiologyDepartment of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and DiseaseColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Carol and Gene Ludwig Center for Research on NeurodegenerationDepartment of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Donna L. Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of SurgeryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Sally C. Kent
- Diabetes Center of ExcellenceDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Shahab Chizari
- Department of BioengineeringInstitute for Immunology and Immune HealthCenter for Cellular ImmunotherapiesAbramson Cancer CenterInstitute for RNA InnovationCenter for Precision Engineering for HealthUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kristen Funk
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Davangere Devanand
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kiran T. Thakur
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Towfique Raj
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic TechnologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Osama Al Dalahmah
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyVagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Rani A. Sarkis
- Epilepsy DivisionDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Howard L. Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic DiseasesBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Neil A. Shneider
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and DiseaseColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Eleanor and Lou Gehrig ALS CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Serge Przedborski
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and DiseaseColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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29
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Yang W, Liu X, Fan D. Low CD3 level is a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2025; 26:64-72. [PMID: 39316061 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2024.2407408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal disease characterized by neuronal degeneration of the spinal cord and brain and believed to be related to the immune system. In this study, our aim is to use Mendelian randomization (MR) to search for immune markers related to ALS. A total of 731 immune cell traits were included in this study. MR analysis was used to identify the causality between 731 immune cell traits (with 3,757 Europeans) and ALS (with 138,086 Europeans). Colocalization analysis was used to verify the found causality, protein-protein interaction prediction was used to look for the interacting proteins that are known to be involved in ALS. We found low expression levels of CD3 on central memory CD8+ T cell is risk factor for ALS (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95, P = 0.0000303). CD3 can interact with three ALS-related proteins: VCP, HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB5, which are associated with adaptive immune response. Our study reported for the first time that low-level CD3 is a risk factor for ALS and the possible mechanism, which could provide a potential strategy for ALS diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, China and
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, China and
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital Beijing, China and
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
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30
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Weiner HL. Immune mechanisms and shared immune targets in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurol 2025; 21:67-85. [PMID: 39681722 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024]
Abstract
The immune system plays a major part in neurodegenerative diseases. In some, such as multiple sclerosis, it is the primary driver of the disease. In others, such as Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease, it has an amplifying role. Immunotherapeutic approaches that target the adaptive and innate immune systems are being explored for the treatment of almost all neurological diseases, and the targets and approaches are often common across diseases. Microglia are the primary immune cells in the brain that contribute to disease pathogenesis, and are consequently a common immune target for therapy. Other therapeutic approaches target components of the peripheral immune system, such as regulatory T cells and monocytes, which in turn act within the CNS. This Review considers in detail how microglia, monocytes and T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease, and their potential as shared therapeutic targets across these diseases. The microbiome is also highlighted as an emerging therapeutic target that indirectly modulates the immune system. Therapeutic approaches being developed to target immune function in neurodegenerative diseases are discussed, highlighting how immune-based approaches developed to treat one disease could be applicable to multiple other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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31
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Clarke JR, Bacelar TS, Fernandes GG, Silva RCD, Antonio LS, Queiroz M, de Souza RV, Valadão LF, Ribeiro GS, De Lima EV, Colodeti LC, Mangeth LC, Wiecikowski A, da Silva TN, Paula-Neto HA, da Costa R, Cordeiro Y, Passos GF, Figueiredo CP. Abatacept inhibits Th17 differentiation and mitigates α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic dysfunction in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2025; 30:547-555. [PMID: 39152331 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifaceted disease characterized by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, which results in motor and non-motor dysfunctions. Accumulation of α-synuclein (αSYN) in Lewy bodies is a key pathological feature of PD. Although the exact cause of PD remains unknown, accumulating evidence suggests that brain infiltration of T cells plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of disease, contributing to neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Here, we used a mouse model of brain-infused aggregated αSYN, which recapitulates motor and non-motor dysfunctions seen in PD patients. We found that αSYN-induced motor dysfunction in mice is accompanied by an increased number of brain-residing Th17 (IL17+ CD4+) cells, but not CD8+ T cells. To evaluate whether the modulation of T cell response could rescue αSYN-induced damage, we chronically treated animals with abatacept (8 mg/kg, sc, 3x per week), a selective T-cell co-stimulation modulator. We found that abatacept treatment decreased Th1 (IFNƔ+ CD4+) and Th17 (IL17+ CD4+) cells in the brain, rescued motor function and prevented dopaminergic neuronal loss in αSYN-infused mice. These results highlight the significance of effector CD4+ T cells, especially Th17, in the progression of PD and introduce novel possibilities for repurposing immunomodulatory drugs used for arthritis as PD-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Clarke
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sa Bacelar
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Costa da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia S Antonio
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Queiroz
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata V de Souza
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia F Valadão
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S Ribeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle V De Lima
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Lilian C Colodeti
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana C Mangeth
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalgisa Wiecikowski
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Talita N da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor A Paula-Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robson da Costa
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giselle F Passos
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Claudia P Figueiredo
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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32
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Wehbe F, Adams L, Babadoudou J, Yuen S, Kim YS, Tanaka Y. Inferring disease progression stages in single-cell transcriptomics using a weakly supervised deep learning approach. Genome Res 2025; 35:135-146. [PMID: 39622637 PMCID: PMC11789631 DOI: 10.1101/gr.278812.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Application of single-cell/nucleus genomic sequencing to patient-derived tissues offers potential solutions to delineate disease mechanisms in humans. However, individual cells in patient-derived tissues are in different pathological stages, and hence, such cellular variability impedes subsequent differential gene expression analyses. To overcome such a heterogeneity issue, we present a novel deep learning approach, scIDST, that infers disease progression levels of individual cells with weak supervision framework. The disease progression-inferred cells display significant differential expression of disease-relevant genes, which cannot be detected by comparative analysis between patients and healthy donors. In addition, we demonstrate that pretrained models by scIDST are applicable to multiple independent data resources and are advantageous to infer cells related to certain disease risks and comorbidities. Taken together, scIDST offers a new strategy of single-cell sequencing analysis to identify bona fide disease-associated molecular features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Wehbe
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center (CRHMR), Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Levi Adams
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240, USA
| | - Jordan Babadoudou
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center (CRHMR), Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Samantha Yuen
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center (CRHMR), Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Yoon-Seong Kim
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center (CRHMR), Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada;
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33
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Williams GP, Freuchet A, Michaelis T, Frazier A, Tran NK, Rodrigues Lima-Junior J, Phillips EJ, Mallal SA, Litvan I, Goldman JG, Alcalay RN, Sidney J, Sulzer D, Sette A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS. PINK1 is a target of T cell responses in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Invest 2024; 135:e180478. [PMID: 39688918 PMCID: PMC11827839 DOI: 10.1172/jci180478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. While there is no curative treatment, the immune system's involvement with autoimmune T cells that recognize the protein α-synuclein (α-syn) in a subset of individuals suggests new areas for therapeutic strategies. As not all patients with PD have T cells specific for α-syn, we explored additional autoantigenic targets of T cells in PD. We generated 15-mer peptides spanning several PD-related proteins implicated in PD pathology, including glucosylceramidase β 1 (GBA), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (parkin), oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), and leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2). Cytokine production (IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-10) against these proteins was measured using a fluorospot assay and PBMCs from patients with PD and age-matched healthy controls. We identified PINK1, a regulator of mitochondrial stability, as an autoantigen targeted by T cells, as well as its unique epitopes, and their HLA restriction. The PINK1-specific T cell reactivity revealed sex-based differences, as it was predominantly found in male patients with PD, which may contribute to the heterogeneity of PD. Identifying and characterizing PINK1 and other autoinflammatory targets may lead to antigen-specific diagnostics, progression markers, and/or novel therapeutic strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P. Williams
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Antoine Freuchet
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Tanner Michaelis
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - April Frazier
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Ngan K. Tran
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth J. Phillips
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Simon A. Mallal
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jennifer G. Goldman
- JPG Enterprises LLC; prior: Shirley Ryan AbilityLab and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - John Sidney
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Su Y, Zheng H, Cui X, Zhang S, Zhang S, Hu Z, Hao X, Li M, Guo G, Xia Z, Shi C, Mao C, Xu Y. Single-cell sequencing insights into the transcriptional landscape of Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 102:102553. [PMID: 39454761 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 10/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, with an unknown etiology and no specific treatment. Emerging single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq) technologies have become instrumental in unravelling cellular heterogeneity and characterizing molecular signatures at single-cell resolution. Single-cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq) and single-cell B cell receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq) technologies provide unprecedented opportunities to explore the immune repertoire diversity. These state-of-the-art technologies have been increasingly applied in PD research in the last five years, offering novel insights into the cellular susceptibilities and complex molecular mechanisms underlying PD pathogenesis. Herein we review recent advances in the applications of sc/snRNA-seq, scTCR-seq and scBCR-seq technologies in various PD models. Moreover, we focus on degenerative neurons, activated neuroglial cells, as well as pro-inflammatory immune cells, exploring their unique transcriptional landscapes in PD, as revealed by single-cell sequencing technologies. Finally, we highlight important challenges and the future directions of single-cell experiments in PD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhengwei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Guangyu Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zongping Xia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Changhe Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Chengyuan Mao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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Perdaens O, van Pesch V. Should We Consider Neurodegeneration by Itself or in a Triangulation with Neuroinflammation and Demyelination? The Example of Multiple Sclerosis and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12637. [PMID: 39684351 PMCID: PMC11641818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252312637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is preeminent in many neurological diseases, and still a major burden we fail to manage in patient's care. Its pathogenesis is complicated, intricate, and far from being completely understood. Taking multiple sclerosis as an example, we propose that neurodegeneration is neither a cause nor a consequence by itself. Mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to energy deficiency and ion imbalance, plays a key role in neurodegeneration, and is partly caused by the oxidative stress generated by microglia and astrocytes. Nodal and paranodal disruption, with or without myelin alteration, is further involved. Myelin loss exposes the axons directly to the inflammatory and oxidative environment. Moreover, oligodendrocytes provide a singular metabolic and trophic support to axons, but do not emerge unscathed from the pathological events, by primary myelin defects and cell apoptosis or secondary to neuroinflammation or axonal damage. Hereby, trophic failure might be an overlooked contributor to neurodegeneration. Thus, a complex interplay between neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration, wherein each is primarily and secondarily involved, might offer a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and help establishing novel therapeutic strategies for many neurological diseases and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Perdaens
- Neurochemistry Group, Institute of NeuroScience, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Vincent van Pesch
- Neurochemistry Group, Institute of NeuroScience, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Department of Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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36
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Abadin X, de Dios C, Zubillaga M, Ivars E, Puigròs M, Marí M, Morales A, Vizuete M, Vitorica J, Trullas R, Colell A, Roca-Agujetas V. Neuroinflammation in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1440. [PMID: 39765769 PMCID: PMC11672511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13121440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
A shared hallmark of age-related neurodegenerative diseases is the chronic activation of innate immune cells, which actively contributes to the neurodegenerative process. In Alzheimer's disease, this inflammatory milieu exacerbates both amyloid and tau pathology. A similar abnormal inflammatory response has been reported in Parkinson's disease, with elevated levels of cytokines and other inflammatory intermediates derived from activated glial cells, which promote the progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Understanding the causes that support this aberrant inflammatory response has become a topic of growing interest and research in neurodegeneration, with high translational potential. It has been postulated that the phenotypic shift of immune cells towards a proinflammatory state combined with the presence of immunogenic cell death fuels a vicious cycle in which mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role. Mitochondria and mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species are downstream effectors of different inflammatory signaling pathways, including inflammasomes. Dysfunctional mitochondria are also recognized as important producers of damage-associated molecular patterns, which can amplify the immune response. Here, we review the major findings highlighting the role of mitochondria as a checkpoint of neuroinflammation and immunogenic cell deaths in neurodegenerative diseases. The knowledge of these processes may help to find new druggable targets to modulate the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Abadin
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina de Dios
- High Technology Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marlene Zubillaga
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Elia Ivars
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margalida Puigròs
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Marí
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Morales
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisa Vizuete
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Vitorica
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ramon Trullas
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (X.A.); (M.Z.); (E.I.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (R.T.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Vicente Roca-Agujetas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
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Jiang X, Wang Y, Lin Z, Li C, Wang Q, Zhang J, Liu X, Li Z, Cui C. Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides: A promising strategy in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. Neurochem Int 2024; 181:105902. [PMID: 39542041 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), as a neurological disorder characterised by neuronal degeneration and death, are a serious threat to human health and have long attracted attention due to their complex pathogenesis and the ineffectiveness of therapeutic drugs. Existing studies have shown that Polygonatum Sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) have immunoregulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological effects, and their neuroprotective effects have been demonstrated in several scientific studies. This paper reviews the main pharmacological effects and mechanisms of PSP in the protection and treatment of NDDs, to provide a reference for the clinical application and basic research of PSP in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Shandong Medicine Technician College, 271000, Taian, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, 271000, Taian, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, 271000, Taian, China
| | - Zhaochen Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, 271000, Taian, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, 271000, Taian, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, 710000, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- Shandong Taishan Sealwort Biotechnology Limited Liability Company, 271000, Taian, China
| | - Ziye Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Cui
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, 253000, Dezhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, 271000, Taian, China.
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38
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Sigutova V, Xiang W, Regensburger M, Winner B, Prots I. Alpha-synuclein fine-tunes neuronal response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 122:216-230. [PMID: 39128571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines are emerging as neuroinflammatory mediators in Parkinson's disease (PD) due to their ability to act through neuronal cytokine receptors. Critical questions persist regarding the role of cytokines in neuronal dysfunction and their contribution to PD pathology. Specifically, the potential synergy of the hallmark PD protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) with cytokines is of interest. We therefore investigated the direct impact of pro-inflammatory cytokines on neurons and hypothesized that α-syn pathology exacerbates cytokine-induced neuronal deficits in PD. iPSC-derived cortical neurons (CNs) from healthy controls and patients with α-syn gene locus duplication (SNCA dupl) were stimulated with IL-17A, TNF-α, IFN-γ, or a combination thereof. For rescue experiments, CNs were pre-treated with α-syn anti-oligomerisation compound NPT100-18A prior to IL-17A stimulation. Cytokine receptor expression, microtubule cytoskeleton, axonal transport and neuronal activity were assessed. SNCA dupl CNs displayed an increased IL-17A receptor expression and impaired IL-17A-mediated cytokine receptor regulation. Cytokines exacerbated the altered distribution of tubulin post-translational modifications in SNCA dupl neurites, with SNCA dupl-specific IL-17A effects. Tau pathology in SNCA dupl CNs was also aggravated by IL-17A and cytokine mix. Cytokines slowed down mitochondrial axonal transport, with IL-17A-mediated retrograde slowing in SNCA dupl only. The pre-treatment of SNCA dupl CNs with NPT100-18A prevented the IL-17A-induced functional impairments in axonal transport and neural activity. Our work elucidates the detrimental effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-17A, on human neuronal structure and function in the context of α-syn pathology, suggesting that cytokine-mediated inflammation represents a second hit to neurons in PD which is amenable to disease modifying therapies that are currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Sigutova
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Dental Clinic 1, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Regensburger
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iryna Prots
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Dental Clinic 1, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Zhu B, Park JM, Coffey SR, Russo A, Hsu IU, Wang J, Su C, Chang R, Lam TT, Gopal PP, Ginsberg SD, Zhao H, Hafler DA, Chandra SS, Zhang L. Single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Parkinson's disease brains. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eabo1997. [PMID: 39475571 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, and recent evidence suggests that pathogenesis may be in part mediated by inflammatory processes, the molecular and cellular architectures of which are largely unknown. To identify and characterize selectively vulnerable brain cell populations in PD, we performed single-nucleus transcriptomics and unbiased proteomics to profile the prefrontal cortex from postmortem human brains of six individuals with late-stage PD and six age-matched controls. Analysis of nearly 80,000 nuclei led to the identification of eight major brain cell types, including elevated brain-resident T cells in PD, each with distinct transcriptional changes in agreement with the known genetics of PD. By analyzing Lewy body pathology in the same postmortem brain tissues, we found that α-synuclein pathology was inversely correlated with chaperone expression in excitatory neurons. Examining cell-cell interactions, we found a selective abatement of neuron-astrocyte interactions and enhanced neuroinflammation. Proteomic analyses of the same brains identified synaptic proteins in the prefrontal cortex that were preferentially down-regulated in PD. By comparing this single-cell PD dataset with a published analysis of similar brain regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we found no common differentially expressed genes in neurons but identified many shared differentially expressed genes in glial cells, suggesting that the disease etiologies, especially in the context of neuronal vulnerability, in PD and AD are likely distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqing Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jae-Min Park
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sarah R Coffey
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anthony Russo
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - I-Uen Hsu
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rui Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Pallavi P Gopal
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - David A Hafler
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sreeganga S Chandra
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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40
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Wan Y, Zhao Y, Pan M, Gan J, Wu N, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Song L. Peripheral biomarkers of Parkinson's disease and its correlation with clinical symptoms: a case-control study. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:417. [PMID: 39468494 PMCID: PMC11514796 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation significantly impacts Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the intricate relationship between inflammatory markers and PD remains elusive. OBJECTIVE To identify the peripheral biomarkers of PD and its correlation with the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. METHODS 79 PD patients and 65 controls were included in this study. Clinical information and the serum levels of IL-8, IL-27, IL-33, β-NGF, AgRP, and TRAILR2 in the participants were collected. Appropriate scales were used to assess the symptoms of PD. For the factors with significant differences in the two groups, multivariable logistic regression was used to determine its relationship with PD. Moreover, spearman correlation was conducted to explore the correlation between the factors and PD related symptoms. The IL-27 level was compared between the cognitively healthy PD group and the mild cognitive impairment in PD (PD-MCI). The serum level of TRAILR2 was positively correlated with age and was not associated with other clinical characteristics related to PD. RESULTS Compared to controls, the serum levels of IL-27(P = 0.013) were increased whereas the levels of TRAILR2(P = 0.008) were decreased in PD patients. IL-8, IL-33, β-NGF, and AgRP showed no significant differences between the two groups. After controlling for the other variables, IL-27 was considered as an independent risk factor for PD in the multivariable logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for diagnosing PD with IL-27 yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.621. Additionally, IL-27 level in PD patients was positively correlated with age, the disease duration, LEDD and negatively correlated with the MoCA scores. However, no significant difference was found in IL-27 levels between cognitively healthy PD and PD-MCI groups. CONCLUSION Elevated serum IL-27 was a risk factor for PD and positively correlated with the cognitive decline in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyu Pan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jing Gan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Sirkis DW, Oddi AP, Jonson C, Bonham LW, Hoang PT, Yokoyama JS. The role of interferon signaling in neurodegeneration and neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1480438. [PMID: 39421070 PMCID: PMC11484020 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1480438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in transcriptomics research have uncovered heightened interferon (IFN) responses in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, primary tauopathy, Parkinson's disease, TDP-43 proteinopathy, and related mouse models. Augmented IFN signaling is now relatively well established for microglia in these contexts, but emerging work has highlighted a novel role for IFN-responsive T cells in the brain and peripheral blood in some types of neurodegeneration. These findings complement a body of literature implicating dysregulated IFN signaling in neuropsychiatric disorders including major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this review, we will characterize and integrate advances in our understanding of IFN responses in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease, discuss how sex and ancestry modulate the IFN response, and examine potential mechanistic explanations for the upregulation of antiviral-like IFN signaling pathways in these seemingly non-viral neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Sirkis
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alexis P. Oddi
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Caroline Jonson
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- DataTecnica LLC, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Luke W. Bonham
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Phuong T. Hoang
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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42
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Roodveldt C, Bernardino L, Oztop-Cakmak O, Dragic M, Fladmark KE, Ertan S, Aktas B, Pita C, Ciglar L, Garraux G, Williams-Gray C, Pacheco R, Romero-Ramos M. The immune system in Parkinson's disease: what we know so far. Brain 2024; 147:3306-3324. [PMID: 38833182 PMCID: PMC11449148 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized neuropathologically by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain, the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in neurons and chronic neuroinflammation. In the past two decades, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies have consistently shown the involvement of inflammatory responses mediated by microglia and astrocytes, which may be elicited by pathological α-syn or signals from affected neurons and other cell types, and are directly linked to neurodegeneration and disease development. Apart from the prominent immune alterations seen in the CNS, including the infiltration of T cells into the brain, more recent studies have demonstrated important changes in the peripheral immune profile within both the innate and adaptive compartments, particularly involving monocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This review aims to integrate the consolidated understanding of immune-related processes underlying the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, focusing on both central and peripheral immune cells, neuron-glia crosstalk as well as the central-peripheral immune interaction during the development of Parkinson's disease. Our analysis seeks to provide a comprehensive view of the emerging knowledge of the mechanisms of immunity in Parkinson's disease and the implications of this for better understanding the overall pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Roodveldt
- Centre for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville 41092, Spain
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Liliana Bernardino
- Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ozgur Oztop-Cakmak
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Milorad Dragic
- Laboratory for Neurobiology, Department of General Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, ‘VINČA’ Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kari E Fladmark
- Department of Biological Science, University of Bergen, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Busra Aktas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur 15200, Turkey
| | - Carlos Pita
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lucia Ciglar
- Center Health & Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gaetan Garraux
- Movere Group, Faculty of Medicine, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | | | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Huechuraba 8580702, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia 7510156, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marina Romero-Ramos
- Department of Biomedicine & The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience—DANDRITE, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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43
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Summers RA, Fagiani F, Rowitch DH, Absinta M, Reich DS. Novel human iPSC models of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disease and regenerative medicine. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:799-813. [PMID: 39307583 PMCID: PMC11471369 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
The importance of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases is becoming increasingly evident, and, in parallel, human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models of physiology and pathology are emerging. Here, we review new advancements in the differentiation of hiPSCs into glial, neural, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) cell types, and the integration of these cells into complex organoids and chimeras. These advancements are relevant for modeling neuroinflammation in the context of prevalent neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). With awareness of current limitations, recent progress in the development and application of various hiPSC-derived models shows potential for aiding the identification of candidate therapeutic targets and immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Ana Summers
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francesca Fagiani
- Translational Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David H Rowitch
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martina Absinta
- Translational Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel S Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Miller MR, Landis HE, Miller RE, Tizabi Y. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1): An Inflammatory Regulator with Potential Implications in Ferroptosis and Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2024; 13:1554. [PMID: 39329738 PMCID: PMC11430830 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1/CD54), a transmembrane glycoprotein, has been considered as one of the most important adhesion molecules during leukocyte recruitment. It is encoded by the ICAM1 gene and plays a central role in inflammation. Its crucial role in many inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis are well established. Given that neuroinflammation, underscored by microglial activation, is a key element in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), we investigated whether ICAM-1 has a role in this progressive neurological condition and, if so, to elucidate the underpinning mechanisms. Specifically, we were interested in the potential interaction between ICAM-1, glial cells, and ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death that has recently been implicated in PD. We conclude that there exist direct and indirect (via glial cells and T cells) influences of ICAM-1 on ferroptosis and that further elucidation of these interactions can suggest novel intervention for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harold E. Landis
- Integrative Medicine Fellow, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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45
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Tan S, Chi H, Wang P, Zhao R, Zhang Q, Gao Z, Xue H, Tang Q, Li G. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O serves as a key regulator of insulin resistance-induced α-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:403. [PMID: 39276174 PMCID: PMC11401831 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) was found to be a critical element in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), facilitating abnormal α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation in neurons and thus promoting PD development. However, how IR contributes to abnormal α-Syn aggregation remains ill-defined. Here, we analyzed six PD postmortem brain transcriptome datasets to reveal module genes implicated in IR-mediated α-Syn aggregation. In addition, we induced IR in cultured dopaminergic (DA) neurons overexpressing α-Syn to identify IR-modulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Integrated analysis of data from PD patients and cultured neurons revealed 226 genes involved in α-Syn aggregation under IR conditions, of which 53 exhibited differential expression between PD patients and controls. Subsequently, we conducted an integrated analysis of the 53 IR-modulated genes employing transcriptome data from PD patients with different Braak stages and DA neuron subclasses with varying α-Syn aggregation scores. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) was identified to be closely associated with PD progression and α-Syn aggregation. Experimental validation in a cultured PD cell model confirmed that both mRNA and protein of PTPRO were reduced under IR conditions, and the downregulation of PTPRO significantly facilitated α-Syn aggregation and cell death. Collectively, our findings identified PTPRO as a key regulator in IR-mediated α-Syn aggregation and uncovered its prospective utility as a therapeutic target in PD patients with IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichuan Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China
- Department of Emergency Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Huizhong Chi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Rongrong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qinran Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zijie Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qilin Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Health and Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Vega-Benedetti AF, Porcedda C, Ercoli T, Fusco G, Burgaletto C, Pillai R, Palmas F, Cantone AF, Angius F, Solla P, De Simone A, Cantarella G, Giallongo C, Sogos V, Defazio G, Carta AR. Immune responses to oligomeric α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Neurol 2024; 271:5916-5929. [PMID: 38985290 PMCID: PMC11377674 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease displays clinical heterogeneity, presenting with motor and non-motor symptoms. Heterogeneous phenotypes, named brain-first and body-first, may reflect distinct α-synuclein pathology starting either in the central nervous system or in the periphery. The immune system plays a prominent role in the central and peripheral pathology, with misfolded α-synuclein being placed at the intersection between neurodegeneration and inflammation. Here, we characterized the inflammatory profile and immune-phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Parkinson's disease patients upon stimulation with α-synuclein monomer or oligomer, and investigated relationships of immune parameters with clinical scores of motor and non-motor symptoms. Freshly isolated PBMCs from 21 Parkinson's disease patients and 18 healthy subjects were exposed in vitro to α-synuclein species. Cytokine/chemokine release was measured in the culture supernatant by Multiplex Elisa. The immune-phenotype was studied by FACS-flow cytometry. Correlation analysis was computed between immune parameters and parkinsonian motor and non-motor scales. We found that Parkinson's disease patients exhibited a dysregulated PBMC-cytokine profile, which remained unaltered after exposure to α-synuclein species and correlated with both motor and non-motor severity, with a strong correlation observed with olfactory impairment. Exposure of PBMCs from healthy controls to α-synuclein monomer/oligomer increased the cytokine/chemokine release up to patient's values. Moreover, the PBMCs immune phenotype differed between patients and controls and revealed a prominent association of the Mos profile with olfactory impairment, and of NK profile with constipation. Results suggest that a deranged PBMC-immune profile may reflect distinct clinical subtypes and would fit with the recent classification of Parkinson's disease into peripheral-first versus brain-first phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Porcedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ercoli
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Fusco
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Burgaletto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Pillai
- Center for Research University Services-CeSAR, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Flavia Cantone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Angius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Solla
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Sogos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Defazio
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna R Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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47
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Hong H, Wang Y, Menard M, Buckley JA, Zhou L, Volpicelli-Daley L, Standaert DG, Qin H, Benveniste EN. Suppression of the JAK/STAT pathway inhibits neuroinflammation in the line 61-PFF mouse model of Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:216. [PMID: 39218899 PMCID: PMC11368013 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by neuroinflammation, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) into insoluble aggregates called Lewy pathology. The Line 61 α-Syn mouse is an established preclinical model of PD; Thy-1 is used to promote human α-Syn expression, and features of sporadic PD develop at 9-18 months of age. To accelerate the PD phenotypes, we injected sonicated human α-Syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum, which produced phospho-Syn (p-α-Syn) inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and significantly increased MHC Class II-positive immune cells. Additionally, there was enhanced infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the midbrain. We then used this new model, Line 61-PFF, to investigate the effect of inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which is critical for regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. After administration of the JAK1/2 inhibitor AZD1480, immunofluorescence staining showed a significant decrease in p-α-Syn inclusions and MHC Class II expression. Flow cytometry showed reduced infiltration of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD19+ B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and endogenous microglia into the midbrain. Importantly, single-cell RNA-Sequencing analysis of CD45+ cells from the midbrain identified 9 microglia clusters, 5 monocyte/macrophage (MM) clusters, and 5 T-cell (T) clusters, in which potentially pathogenic MM4 and T3 clusters were associated with neuroinflammatory responses in Line 61-PFF mice. AZD1480 treatment reduced cell numbers and cluster-specific expression of the antigen-presentation genes H2-Eb1, H2-Aa, H2-Ab1, and Cd74 in the MM4 cluster and proinflammatory genes such as Tnf, Il1b, C1qa, and C1qc in the T3 cluster. Together, these results indicate that inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway suppresses the activation and infiltration of innate and adaptive cells, reducing neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Hong
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Marissa Menard
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jessica A Buckley
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lianna Zhou
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Laura Volpicelli-Daley
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - David G Standaert
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Freuchet A, Pinçon A, Sette A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS. Inflammation and heterogeneity in synucleinopathies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1432342. [PMID: 39281666 PMCID: PMC11392857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1432342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a huge healthcare challenge which is predicted to increase with an aging population. Synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), present complex challenges in understanding their onset and progression. They are characterized by the abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein in the brain leading to neurodegeneration. Accumulating evidence supports the existence of distinct subtypes based on the site of α-synuclein aggregation initiation, genetics, and, more recently, neuroinflammation. Mediated by both central nervous system-resident cells, peripheral immune cells, and gut dysbiosis, neuroinflammation appears as a key process in the onset and progression of neuronal loss. Sex-based differences add another layer of complexity to synucleinopathies, influencing disease prevalence - with a known higher incidence of PD in males compared to females - as well as phenotype and immune responses. Biological sex affects neuroinflammatory pathways and the immune response, suggesting the need for sex-specific therapeutic strategies and biomarker identification. Here, we review the heterogeneity of synucleinopathies, describing the etiology, the mechanisms by which the inflammatory processes contribute to the pathology, and the consideration of sex-based differences to highlight the need for personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Freuchet
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Anaëlle Pinçon
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States
- Master de Biologie, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Cecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, United States
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
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Bido S, Nannoni M, Muggeo S, Gambarè D, Ruffini G, Bellini E, Passeri L, Iaia S, Luoni M, Provinciali M, Giannelli SG, Giannese F, Lazarevic D, Gregori S, Broccoli V. Microglia-specific IL-10 gene delivery inhibits neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadm8563. [PMID: 39167665 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adm8563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a key role in exacerbating dopaminergic neuron (DAN) loss in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it remains unresolved how to effectively normalize this immune response given the complex interplay between the innate and adaptive immune responses occurring within a scarcely accessible organ like the brain. In this study, we uncovered a consistent correlation between neuroinflammation, brain parenchymal lymphocytes, and DAN loss among several commonly used mouse models of PD generated by a variety of pathological triggers. We validated a viral therapeutic approach for the microglia-specific expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) to selectively mitigate the excessive inflammatory response. We found that this approach induced a local nigral IL-10 release that alleviated DAN loss in mice overexpressing the human SNCA gene in the substantia nigra. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that IL-10 induced the emergence of a molecularly distinct microglial cell state, enriched in markers of cell activation with enhanced expression of prophagocytic pathways. IL-10 promoted microglial phagocytotic and clearance activities in vitro and reduced αSYN aggregate burden in the nigral area in mice overexpressing SNCA. Furthermore, IL-10 stimulated the differentiation of CD4+ T lymphocytes into active T regulatory cells and promoted inhibitory characteristics in CD8+ T cells. In summary, our results show that local and microglia-specific IL-10 transduction elicited strong immunomodulation in the nigral tissue with enhanced suppression of lymphocyte toxicity that was associated with DAN survival. These results offer insights into the therapeutic benefits of IL-10 and showcase a promising gene delivery approach that could minimize undesired side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bido
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Melania Nannoni
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sharon Muggeo
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Gambarè
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ruffini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Passeri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Iaia
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Martino Provinciali
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Gea Giannelli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Giannese
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy
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50
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You J, Wang L, Wang Y, Kang J, Yu J, Cheng W, Feng J. Prediction of Future Parkinson Disease Using Plasma Proteins Combined With Clinical-Demographic Measures. Neurology 2024; 103:e209531. [PMID: 38976826 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Identification of individuals at high risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) several years before diagnosis is crucial for developing treatments to prevent or delay neurodegeneration. This study aimed to develop predictive models for PD risk that combine plasma proteins and easily accessible clinical-demographic variables. METHODS Using data from the UK Biobank (UKB), which recruited participants across the United Kingdom, we conducted a longitudinal study to identify predictors for incident PD. Participants with baseline plasma proteins and no PD were included. Through machine learning, we narrowed down predictors from a pool of 1,463 plasma proteins and 93 clinical-demographic. These predictors were then externally validated using the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort. To further investigate the temporal trends of predictors, a nested case-control study was conducted within the UKB. RESULTS A total of 52,503 participants without PD (median age 58, 54% female) were included. Over a median follow-up duration of 14.0 years, 751 individuals were diagnosed with PD (median age 65, 37% female). Using a forward selection approach, we selected a panel of 22 plasma proteins for optimal prediction. Using an ensemble tree-based Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm, the model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.800 (95% CI 0.785-0.815). The LightGBM prediction model integrating both plasma proteins and clinical-demographic variables demonstrated enhanced predictive accuracy, with an AUC of 0.832 (95% CI 0.815-0.849). Key predictors identified included age, years of education, history of traumatic brain injury, and serum creatinine. The incorporation of 11 plasma proteins (neurofilament light, integrin subunit alpha V, hematopoietic PGD synthase, histamine N-methyltransferase, tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3, ectodysplasin A2 receptor, Latexin, interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-1, BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3, tryptophanyl-TRNA synthetase, and secretogranin-2) augmented the model's predictive accuracy. External validation in the PPMI cohort confirmed the model's reliability, producing an AUC of 0.810 (95% CI 0.740-0.873). Notably, alterations in these predictors were detectable several years before the diagnosis of PD. DISCUSSION Our findings support the potential utility of a machine learning-based model integrating clinical-demographic variables with plasma proteins to identify individuals at high risk for PD within the general population. Although these predictors have been validated by PPMI, additional validation in a more diverse population reflective of the general community is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia You
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jintai Yu
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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