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Yan M, Hu J, Wang L, Zhang T, Xiao Z, Yuan Y, Yue T. Metabolic profiling of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue reveals effects of apple polyphenols for reversing high-fat diet induced obesity in C57BL/6 J mice. Food Chem 2025; 473:143055. [PMID: 39879748 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Apple polyphenols (APP) can reduce obesity. However, the effects of APP on abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (aSAT) at metabolic level were unclear. In this study, 5-week APP intervenes were conducted on 10-week high-fat diet (HFD) feeding mice with doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg b.w./day, followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics analysis. As expected, APP obviously reversed aSAT weight and index, as well as activities of myeloperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Euclidean distance between HFD and normal chow diet (NCD) group was shortened. 64 and 127 differential metabolites were found in 200 and 500 mg/kg b.w./day group, with 12 and 13 changed pathways, respectively. Specifically, APP restored glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism as dose-dependent manner. Finally, glucose-6-phosphate, xanthine and tyrosine were selected as critical junctures. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential of APP in reversing molecular alterations in aSAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinpeng Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengcao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
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Shi M, Li W, Yang S, Lv Q, Yang J, Sun D, Yang G, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Li M, Yang Y, Cai C, Gao P, Guo X, Li B, Cao G. Integrated Multi-Tissue Lipidomics and Transcriptomics Reveal Differences in Lipid Composition Between Mashen and Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2025; 15:1280. [PMID: 40362094 PMCID: PMC12071155 DOI: 10.3390/ani15091280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2025] [Revised: 04/27/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Chinese native pig breeds exhibit unique advantages over Western pig breeds, but the specific lipid metabolism mechanisms remain unclear. The phenotypic characteristics of Mashen (MS) pigs and Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs are studied. The results show that MS pigs exhibit higher intramuscular fat (IMF) content. The area of adipocytes of MS pigs is significantly greater than that in DLY pigs (p < 0.01). Lipidomics analysis reveals distinct profiles in the upper layer of backfat (ULB), leaf lard (LL), greater omentum (GOM), and IMF, with MS pigs showing higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in ULB, LL, and GOM. Key differential lipids identified in the two pig breeds include the following triglycerides (TGs) and phosphatidylcholines (PC): TG(16:1_18:1_18:3), TG(18:1_18:2_18:3), TG(18:3_18:2_18:2), PC(18:0_18:1), and PC(18:0_18:2). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) reveals lipid molecules associated with serum biochemical indices. Transcriptomics analysis highlights 1944 differentially expressed genes between the MS-ULB and DLY-ULB. Notably, multiple genes from the cytochrome P450 family (CYP2E1, CYP4A24, CYP2J2), along with PLA2G2D, PLA2G4A, and multiple PCs, are associated with the metabolism of arachidonic acids and linoleic acids. PLA2G2D and PLA2G4A are also involved in the metabolism of α-linolenic acids. This comprehensive analysis provides essential information for breeding strategies and meat quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Shi
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shuozhou 036002, China;
| | - Shuai Yang
- Shanxi Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center, Taiyuan 030001, China;
| | - Qipin Lv
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jingxian Yang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Di Sun
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Guanqing Yang
- Taigu Modern Agricultural Industry Development Center of Jinzhong City, Jinzhong 030801, China;
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Wanfeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Chunbo Cai
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Bugao Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (M.S.); (Q.L.); (J.Y.); (D.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.C.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Watschinger K. Plasmalogen. Quo vadis? J Lipid Res 2025:100814. [PMID: 40280280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Watschinger
- Institute of Molecular Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Kim S, Choi C, Son Y, Lee J, Joo S, Lee YH. BNIP3-mediated mitophagy in macrophages regulates obesity-induced adipose tissue metaflammation. Autophagy 2025:1-19. [PMID: 40195021 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2025.2487035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are key cellular components that respond to nutritional excess, contributing to obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying macrophage polarization and recruitment in adipose tissue during obesity remain unclear. In this study, we investigated mitophagy-dependent metabolic reprogramming in ATMs and identified a crucial role of the mitophagy receptor BNIP3 in regulating macrophage polarization in response to obesity. Mitophagic flux in ATMs increased following 12 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, with Bnip3 levels upregulated in a HIF1A dependent manner, without affecting other mitophagy receptors. Macrophage-specific bnip3 knockout reduced HFD-induced adipose tissue inflammation and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, hypoxic conditions in vitro induced HIF1A-BNIP3-mediated mitophagy and glycolytic shift in macrophages. Furthermore, HIF1A-BNIP3 signaling-enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory activation in macrophages. These findings demonstrate that BNIP3-mediated mitophagy regulates the glycolytic shift and pro-inflammatory polarization in macrophages and suggest that BNIP3 could be a therapeutical target for obesity-related metabolic diseases.Abbreviation: 2-DG: 2-deoxyglucose; ACADM/MCAD: acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain; ADGRE1/F4/80: adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1; ATMs: adipose tissue macrophages; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BNIP3L/NIX: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; CLS: crown-like structure; CoCl2: cobalt(II) chloride; COX4/COXIV: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4; ECAR: extracellular acidification rate; ECM: extraceullular matrix; gWAT: gonadal white adipose tissue; HFD: high-fat diet; HIF1A/HIF-1 α: hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; IL1B/IL-1β: interleukin 1 beta; ITGAM/CD11B: integrin subunit alpha M; KO: knockout; LAMs: lipid-associated macrophages; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MRC1/CD206: mannose receptor C-type 1; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; NCD: normal chow diet; OCR: oxygen consumption rate; OXPHOS: oxidative phosphorylation; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN/Parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; PTPRC/CD45: protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C; SVFs: stromal vascular fractions; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TMRM: tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester; TOMM20: Translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20; TREM2: triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangseob Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheoljun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonho Son
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuck Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungug Joo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Paul S, Morgan P, Pernes G, Schooneveldt Y, Duong T, Mellett NA, Huynh K, Murphy AJ, Lancaster GI, Meikle PJ. Modulation of endogenous plasmalogens by genetic ablation of lysoplasmalogenase (Tmem86b) in mice. J Lipid Res 2025; 66:100808. [PMID: 40245986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens are a distinct subclass of glycerophospholipids that exhibit unique structural features, notably possessing a vinyl ether linkage at the sn1 position of the glycerol backbone. These specialized lipids play crucial roles in various biological functions. Although the biosynthetic pathway of plasmalogens has been well-characterized, their catabolism remains less studied. In this study, we investigated the impact of global and tissue-specific loss-of-function of a plasmalogen catabolizing enzyme, lysoplasmalogenase (TMEM86B), on circulatory and tissue lipidomes. We generated both global and hepatocyte-specific Tmem86b knockout mice using cre-loxP technology. Mice with homozygous global inactivation of Tmem86b (Tmem86b KO mice) were viable and did not display any marked phenotypic abnormalities. Tmem86b KO mice demonstrated significantly elevated levels of the plasmalogens, alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine (PE(P)), and alkenylphosphatidylcholine (PC(P)), as well as lysoplasmalogens, in the plasma, liver, and natural killer cells compared to their wild-type counterparts. The endogenous alkenyl chain composition of plasmalogens remained unaltered in Tmem86b KO mice. Consistent with the global knockout findings, hepatocyte-specific Tmem86b knockout mice also exhibited increased plasmalogen levels in the plasma and liver compared to their floxed control counterparts. Overall, our findings shed light on the role of Tmem86b in plasmalogen catabolism, demonstrating how its ablation leads to elevated plasmalogen levels in select tissues and cells. This study enhances our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing plasmalogen metabolism and highlights the potential of targeting Tmem86b to therapeutically raise plasmalogen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Paul
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Pooranee Morgan
- Haematopoesis and Leukocyte Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gerard Pernes
- Haematopoesis and Leukocyte Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yvette Schooneveldt
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thy Duong
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; Haematopoesis and Leukocyte Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graeme I Lancaster
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Haematopoesis and Leukocyte Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Jeong TY, Yoon DE, Kim SP, Yang J, Lim SY, Ok S, Ju S, Park J, Lee SB, Park SJ, Kim S, Lee H, Lee D, Kang SK, Lee SE, Kim HS, Seong JK, Kim K. An innovative approach using CRISPR-ribonucleoprotein packaged in virus-like particles to generate genetically engineered mouse models. Nat Commun 2025; 16:3451. [PMID: 40216739 PMCID: PMC11992299 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are crucial for investigating disease mechanisms, developing therapeutic strategies, and advancing fundamental biological research. While CRISPR gene editing has greatly facilitated the creation of these models, existing techniques still present technical challenges and efficiency limitations. Here, we establish a CRISPR-VLP-induced targeted mutagenesis (CRISPR-VIM) strategy, enabling precise genome editing by co-culturing zygotes with virus-like particle (VLP)-delivered gene editing ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) without requiring physical manipulation or causing cellular damage. We generate Plin1- and Tyr-knockout mice through VLP-based SpCas9 or adenine base editor (ABE)/sgRNA RNPs and characterize their phenotype and germline transmission. Additionally, we demonstrate cytosine base editor (CBE)/sgRNA-based C-to-T substitution or SpCas9/sgRNA-based knock-in using VLPs. This method further simplifies and accelerates GEMM generation without specialized techniques or equipment. Consequently, the CRISPR-VIM method can facilitate mouse modeling and be applied in various research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Eun Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Transgenic core facility, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sol Pin Kim
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Lim
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ok
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ju
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Park
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Ji Park
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Kang
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Research Animal Resource Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics and BIO MAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program of Cancer Biology, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory for Genomic and Epigenomic Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Korea Model animal Priority Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Kummer D, Dorigatti I, Dunzendorfer-Matt T, Golderer G, Werner ER, Watschinger K. Functional characterization of TMEM86A and TMEM86B mutants by a novel lysoplasmalogenase assay. J Lipid Res 2025; 66:100766. [PMID: 40024572 PMCID: PMC11994398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens are an abundant class of glycero-phospholipids with a characteristic 1-O-alk-1'-enyl double bond. While their synthesis has been extensively investigated, their degradation remains understudied. Plasmalogen deficiencies are associated with severe disorders in humans and interfering with their degradation would be a treatment option, but it remains out of reach due to limited knowledge. The plasmalogen double bond is degraded either directly by a plasmalogenase or by conversion to the 2' lyso forms by phospholipase and subsequent cleavage by lysoplasmalogenase (E.C. 3.3.2.2). Two lysoplasmalogenases are known so far, TMEM86A and TMEM86B. While TMEM86B has been expressed in bacteria, purified, and shown to encode lysoplasmalogenase activity by a coupled optical assay, the closely related protein TMEM86A has not yet been purified, but its activity was shown indirectly by a lipidomics approach. Here, we present a novel assay for lysoplasmalogenase activity based on incubation with lysoplasmenylethanolamine or lysoplasmenylcholine, derivatization of the aldehyde product with dansylhydrazine, and hydrazone quantification by reversed-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. The method was sensitive enough to robustly detect lysoplasmalogenase activity in human embryonic kidney cells following transient expression of TMEM86A or TMEM86B and also suitable for the determination of lysoplasmalogenase activity in mouse tissues where highest activities were found in liver and duodenum. We introduced point mutations at positions proposed to be catalytically relevant and provided experimental evidence that all but one affected lysoplasmalogenase activity. Our novel assay allows direct and fast measurement of lysoplasmalogenase activity, thereby providing a tool to advance research in the field of plasmalogen degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Kummer
- Institute of Molecular Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilaria Dorigatti
- Institute of Molecular Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Georg Golderer
- Institute of Molecular Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ernst R Werner
- Institute of Molecular Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Institute of Molecular Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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8
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Chen Y, Gowda SGB, Gowda D, Jayaprakash J, Nath LR, Ikeda A, Bamai YA, Ketema RM, Kishi R, Chiba H, Hui SP. Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children-The Hokkaido Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2025; 15:743. [PMID: 40150086 PMCID: PMC11941332 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 02/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Plasmalogens (Pls) are phospholipids with a unique structure, abundant in the brain and heart. Due to their chemical instability and analytical difficulties, less information is available compared to other phospholipids. The importance of Pls in several cellular processes is known, one of which is their protective effect against oxidative damage. The physiological role of Pls in human development has not been elucidated. Despite their clinical importance, the quantitative analysis of Pls in children's plasma has been limited. Methods: This study aims to determine the plasma levels of Pls in prepubertal children using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma samples used were obtained from 9- to 12-year-old girls (n = 156) and boys (n = 178), n = 334 in total, who participated in the Hokkaido study. Results: Ethanolamine plasmalogen (PlsEtn) and choline plasmalogen (PlsCho), both carrying eicosapentaenoic acid, were significantly lower in girls than in boys. In both sexes, the plasmalogen levels for the 12-year-old children were lower than those for the 9-year-old children. PlsCho (16:0/18:2) was lower in the overweight children than in the normal-weight children for both sexes. PlsEtn (18:0/20:4) was the most abundant ethanolamine-type plasmalogen in both sexes. Conclusions: This study is the first report on plasmalogen levels and molecular types in children's plasma. This study provides the information needed to understand the role of Pls in human developmental processes and may open up new opportunities in the future to control age-related changes in Pls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.C.); (S.G.B.G.); (D.G.); (A.I.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.C.); (S.G.B.G.); (D.G.); (A.I.); (R.M.K.)
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan; (J.J.); (L.R.N.)
| | - Divyavani Gowda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.C.); (S.G.B.G.); (D.G.); (A.I.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Jayashankar Jayaprakash
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan; (J.J.); (L.R.N.)
| | - Lipsa Rani Nath
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan; (J.J.); (L.R.N.)
| | - Atusko Ikeda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.C.); (S.G.B.G.); (D.G.); (A.I.); (R.M.K.)
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.A.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Yu Ait Bamai
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.A.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Rahel Mesfin Ketema
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.C.); (S.G.B.G.); (D.G.); (A.I.); (R.M.K.)
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.A.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.A.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi-4-2-1-15, Higashi-ku, Sapporo 070-0894, Japan;
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.C.); (S.G.B.G.); (D.G.); (A.I.); (R.M.K.)
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9
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Xu G, Xiao W, Sun P, Sun Y, Yang X, Yin X, Liu Y. Lysophosphatidylethanolamine improves diastolic dysfunction by alleviating mitochondrial injury in the aging heart. J Lipid Res 2025; 66:100713. [PMID: 39579983 PMCID: PMC11719853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction in aging mice is linked to mitochondrial abnormalities, including mitochondrial morphology disorders and decreases in membrane potential. Studies also show that aberrant mitochondrial lipid metabolism impairs mitochondrial function in aging cardiomyocytes. Our lipidomic analysis revealed that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) levels were significantly decreased in aging myocardial mitochondria. Here, we investigated whether a reduction in PE levels in myocardial mitochondria contributes to mitochondrial injury as well as HFpEF pathogenesis and whether modulation of PE levels could ameliorate aging-induced HFpEF. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac diastolic function in adult and aging mice treated with lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) or saline. Mitochondrial morphologies from tissue samples were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed using JC-1, MitoSOX, and DCFH-DA detection assays. We performed GO enrichment analysis between adult and aging mice and discovered significant enrichment in transcriptional programs associated with mitochondria and lipid metabolism. Also, mitochondrial PE levels were significantly decreased in aging cardiomyocytes. Treatment with LPE (200 μg/kg) significantly enhanced PE content in aging mice and improved the structure of mitochondria in cardiac cells. Also, LPE treatment protects against aging-induced deterioration of mitochondrial injury, as evidenced by increased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased mitochondrial ROS. Furthermore, treatment with LPE alleviated severe diastolic dysfunction in aging mice. Taken together, our results suggest that LPE treatment enhances PE levels in mitochondria and ameliorates aging-induced diastolic dysfunction in mice through a mechanism involving improved mitochondrial structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiwen Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengqi Sun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuanjun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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10
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See WR, Yousefi M, Ooi YS. A review of virus host factor discovery using CRISPR screening. mBio 2024; 15:e0320523. [PMID: 39422472 PMCID: PMC11559068 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03205-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of genome-scale forward genetic screening techniques, such as Haploid Genetic screen and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) knockout screen has opened new horizons in our understanding of virus infection biology. CRISPR screening has become a popular tool for the discovery of novel host factors for several viruses due to its specificity and efficiency in genome editing. Here, we review how CRISPR screening has revolutionized our understanding of virus-host interactions from scientific and technological viewpoints. A summary of the published screens conducted thus far to uncover virus host factors is presented, highlighting their experimental design and significant findings. We will outline relevant methods for customizing the CRISPR screening process to answer more specific hypotheses and compile a glossary of conducted CRISPR screens to show their design aspects. Furthermore, using flaviviruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as examples, we hope to offer a broad-based perspective on the capabilities of CRISPR screening to serve as a reference point to guide future unbiased discovery of virus host factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Ren See
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meisam Yousefi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yaw Shin Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Lee S, Cho YK, Kim H, Choi C, Kim S, Lee YH. miR-10a regulates cell death and inflammation in adipose tissue of male mice with diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2024; 90:102039. [PMID: 39342992 PMCID: PMC11513492 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue remodeling plays a critical role in obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study investigates the role of miR-10a-5p in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS Male miR-10a knockout (KO) mice were fed a HFD to induce obesity for up to 16 weeks. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed to profile mRNA expression and assess the effects of miR-10a-5p KO in gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT). Additional analyses included immunoblotting, qPCR, histological examination, and validation of the miR-10a-5p target sequence using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS miR-10a-5p was highly expressed in gWAT but decreased after 8 weeks of HFD feeding. Over the 16-week HFD period, miR-10a KO mice exhibited greater weight gain and reduced energy expenditure compared to wild-type (WT) controls. gWAT of miR-10a KO mice on a HFD showed an increased population of proinflammatory macrophages, elevated inflammation, and increased cell death, characterized by upregulated apoptosis and necrosis markers. This was also associated with increased triglyceride accumulation in liver. Mechanistically, the proapoptotic gene Bcl2l11 was identified as a direct target of miR-10a-5p. Loss of miR-10a-5p led to BIM-mediated adipocyte death and inflammation, contributing to mitochondrial metabolic dysregulation, increased fibrosis marker expression, and the onset of inflammation in adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the significant role of miR-10a-5p and its downstream target BIM in regulating adipocyte death during diet-induced obesity. This signaling pathway presents a potential therapeutic target for modulating obesity-induced inflammation and cell death in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Keun Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheoljun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangseob Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Zhou Y, Ling D, Wang L, Xu Z, You W, Chen W, Nong Q, Valencak TG, Shan T. Dietary "Beigeing" Fat Contains More Phosphatidylserine and Enhances Mitochondrial Function while Counteracting Obesity. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0492. [PMID: 39329159 PMCID: PMC11425158 DOI: 10.34133/research.0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Activation of mitochondrial function and heat production in adipose tissue by the modification of dietary fat is a promising strategy against obesity. However, as an important source of lipids for ketogenic and daily diets, the function of fats extracted from different adipose tissue sites was largely unknown. In this study, we illustrated the function of fats extracted from adipose tissues with different "beigeing" properties in the ketogenic diet and identified lipid profiles of fats that facilitate energy expenditure. We found that the anti-obesity effect of ketogenic diets was potentiated by using "beigeing" fat [porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)] as a major energy-providing ingredient. Through lipidomic analyses, phosphatidylserine (PS) was identified as a functional lipid activating thermogenesis in adipose tissue. Moreover, in vivo studies showed that PS induces adipose tissue thermogenesis and alleviates diet-induced obesity in mice. In vitro studies showed that PS promotes UCP1 expression and lipolysis of adipocytes. Mechanistically, PS promoted mitochondrial function in adipocytes via the ADCY3-cAMP-PKA-PGC1α pathway. In addition, PS-PGC1a binding may affect the stability of the PGC1α protein, which further augments PS-induced thermogenesis. These results demonstrated the efficacy of dietary SAT fats in diminishing lipid accumulation and the underlying molecular mechanism of PS in enhancing UCP1 expression and mitochondrial function. Thus, our findings suggest that as dietary fat, "beigeing" fat provides more beneficial lipids that contribute to the improvement of mitochondrial function, including PS, which may become a novel, nonpharmacological therapy to increase energy expenditure and counteract obesity and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Defeng Ling
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Qiuyun Nong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Teresa G Valencak
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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13
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Choi C, Jeong YL, Park KM, Kim M, Kim S, Jo H, Lee S, Kim H, Choi G, Choi YH, Seong JK, Namgoong S, Chung Y, Jung YS, Granneman JG, Hyun YM, Kim JK, Lee YH. TM4SF19-mediated control of lysosomal activity in macrophages contributes to obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2779. [PMID: 38555350 PMCID: PMC10981689 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) adapts to overnutrition in a complex process, wherein specialized immune cells remove and replace dysfunctional and stressed adipocytes with new fat cells. Among immune cells recruited to AT, lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) have emerged as key players in obesity and in diseases involving lipid stress and inflammation. Here, we show that LAMs selectively express transmembrane 4 L six family member 19 (TM4SF19), a lysosomal protein that represses acidification through its interaction with Vacuolar-ATPase. Inactivation of TM4SF19 elevates lysosomal acidification and accelerates the clearance of dying/dead adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. TM4SF19 deletion reduces the LAM accumulation and increases the proportion of restorative macrophages in AT of male mice fed a high-fat diet. Importantly, male mice lacking TM4SF19 adapt to high-fat feeding through adipocyte hyperplasia, rather than hypertrophy. This adaptation significantly improves local and systemic insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure, offering a potential avenue to combat obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheoljun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin L Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung-Min Park
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangseob Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Honghyun Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), and Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Namgoong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - James G Granneman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Fang M, Liu X, Xu W, Wang X, Xu L, Zhao TJ, Li P, Yang H. Paxillin family proteins Hic-5 and LPXN promote lipid storage by regulating the ubiquitination degradation of CIDEC. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105610. [PMID: 38159847 PMCID: PMC10850781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Many metabolic diseases are caused by disorders of lipid homeostasis. CIDEC, a lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein, plays a critical role in controlling LD fusion and lipid storage. However, regulators of CIDEC remain largely unknown. Here, we established a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF)-based high-throughput screening method and identified LPXN as a positive regulatory candidate for CIDEC. LPXN and Hic-5, the members of the Paxillin family, are focal adhesion adaptor proteins that contribute to the recruitment of specific kinases and phosphatases, cofactors, and structural proteins, participating in the transduction of extracellular signals into intracellular responses. Our data showed that Hic-5 and LPXN significantly increased the protein level of CIDEC and enhanced CIDEC stability not through triacylglycerol synthesis and FAK signaling pathways. Hic-5 and LPXN reduced the ubiquitination of CIDEC and inhibited its proteasome degradation pathway. Furthermore, Hic-5 and LPXN enlarged LDs and promoted lipid storage in adipocytes. Therefore, we identified Hic-5 and LPXN as novel regulators of CIDEC. Our current findings also suggest intervention with Hic-5 and LPXN might ameliorate ectopic fat storage by enhancing the lipid storage capacity of white adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Papin M, Bouchet AM, Chantôme A, Vandier C. Ether-lipids and cellular signaling: A differential role of alkyl- and alkenyl-ether-lipids? Biochimie 2023; 215:50-59. [PMID: 37678745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Ether-lipids (EL) are specific lipids bearing a characteristic sn-1 ether bond. Depending on the ether or vinyl-ether nature of this bond, they are present as alkyl- or alkenyl-EL, respectively. Among EL, alkenyl-EL, also referred as plasmalogens in the literature, attract most of the scientific interest as they are the predominant EL species in eukaryotic cells, thus less is known about alkyl-EL. EL have been implicated in various signaling pathways and alterations in their quantity are frequently observed in pathologies such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases or cancer. However, it remains unknown whether both alkyl- and alkenyl-EL play the same roles in these processes. This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of action of EL in cellular signaling and tries to discriminate between alkyl- and alkenyl-EL. We also focus on the involvement of EL-mediated alterations of cellular signaling in diseases and discuss the potential interest for EL in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Papin
- Nutrition, Croissance, Cancer (N2C) UMR 1069, University of Tours, INSERM, 37000, Tours, France.
| | | | - Aurélie Chantôme
- Nutrition, Croissance, Cancer (N2C) UMR 1069, University of Tours, INSERM, 37000, Tours, France
| | - Christophe Vandier
- Nutrition, Croissance, Cancer (N2C) UMR 1069, University of Tours, INSERM, 37000, Tours, France; Lifesome Therapeutics, López de Hoyos 42, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Pagis A, Alfi O, Kinreich S, Yilmaz A, Hamdan M, Gadban A, Panet A, Wolf DG, Benvenisty N. Genome-wide loss-of-function screen using human pluripotent stem cells to study virus-host interactions for SARS-CoV-2. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1766-1774. [PMID: 37703821 PMCID: PMC10545482 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, has become a global health concern. Therefore, there is an immense need to understand the network of virus-host interactions by using human disease-relevant cells. We have thus conducted a loss-of-function genome-wide screen using haploid human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to identify genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although the undifferentiated hESCs are resistant to SARS-CoV-2, their differentiated definitive endoderm (DE) progenies, which express high levels of ACE2, are highly sensitive to the virus. Our genetic screening was able to identify the well-established entry receptor ACE2 as a host factor, along with additional potential novel modulators of SARS-CoV-2. Two such novel screen hits, the transcription factor MAFG and the transmembrane protein TMEM86A, were further validated as conferring resistance against SARS-CoV-2 by using CRISPR-mediated mutagenesis in hESCs, followed by differentiation of mutant lines into DE cells and infection by SARS-CoV-2. Our genome-wide genetic screening investigated SARS-CoV-2 host factors in non-cancerous human cells with endogenous ACE2 expression, providing a unique platform to identify novel modulators of SARS-CoV-2 cytopathology in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Pagis
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Or Alfi
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91121, Israel
| | - Shay Kinreich
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Atilgan Yilmaz
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marah Hamdan
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Aseel Gadban
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Amos Panet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91121, Israel
| | - Dana G Wolf
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91121, Israel.
| | - Nissim Benvenisty
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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17
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Cho YK, Lee S, Lee J, Doh J, Park JH, Jung YS, Lee YH. Lipid remodeling of adipose tissue in metabolic health and disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1955-1973. [PMID: 37653032 PMCID: PMC10545718 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic and metabolically active organ that plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis and endocrine function. Recent advancements in lipidomics techniques have enabled the study of the complex lipid composition of adipose tissue and its role in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. In addition, adipose tissue lipidomics has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders and identifying bioactive lipid mediators and potential therapeutic targets. This review aims to summarize recent lipidomics studies that investigated the dynamic remodeling of adipose tissue lipids in response to specific physiological changes, pharmacological interventions, and pathological conditions. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of lipid remodeling in adipose tissue and explore the recent identification of bioactive lipid mediators generated in adipose tissue that regulate adipocytes and systemic metabolism. We propose that manipulating lipid-mediator metabolism could serve as a therapeutic approach for preventing or treating obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Keun Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsang Doh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Institute of Engineering Research, Bio-MAX Institute, Soft Foundry Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hong Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Nie T, Lu J, Zhang H, Mao L. Latest advances in the regulatory genes of adipocyte thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1250487. [PMID: 37680891 PMCID: PMC10482227 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An energy imbalance cause obesity: more energy intake or less energy expenditure, or both. Obesity could be the origin of many metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. UCP1 (uncoupling protein1), which is highly and exclusively expressed in the thermogenic adipocytes, including beige and brown adipocytes, can dissipate proton motive force into heat without producing ATP to increase energy expenditure. It is an attractive strategy to combat obesity and its related metabolic disorders by increasing non-shivering adipocyte thermogenesis. Adipocyte thermogenesis has recently been reported to be regulated by several new genes. This work provided novel and potential targets to activate adipocyte thermogenesis and resist obesity, such as secreted proteins ADISSP and EMC10, enzyme SSU72, etc. In this review, we have summarized the latest research on adipocyte thermogenesis regulation to shed more light on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Nie
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jinli Lu
- Scientific Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Medical Iconography, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liufeng Mao
- Scientific Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Lee J, Joh Y, Choi C, Kim K, Lee YH. A Combination of Soy Isoflavone and L-Carnitine Improves Running Endurance in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3678. [PMID: 37686710 PMCID: PMC10489700 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of APIC, a mixture containing soy isoflavone and L-carnitine on running endurance. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered APIC for 8 weeks. The APIC group exhibited a significant increase in treadmill running time until exhaustion compared to the control group. The respiratory exchange ratio in the APIC group was lower, indicating an enhancement in fatty acid oxidative metabolism. Furthermore, APIC supplementation increased the proportion of oxidative myofibers. Biochemical parameters associated with endurance capacity were also affected by APIC, as evidenced by increased muscle ATP levels and decreased levels of muscle triglycerides and blood lactate. qPCR and immunoblot analysis of C2C12 myotubes and gastrocnemius muscles indicated that APIC treatment stimulated AMPK signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fatty acid metabolism. Additionally, treatment with APIC led to an increased oxygen consumption rate in C2C12 myotubes. Collectively, these findings suggest that APIC supplementation enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, promotes a switch from glycolytic to oxidative fiber types, and improves fatty acid metabolism through the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway in murine skeletal muscle. Ultimately, these effects contribute to the enhancement of running endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (Y.J.); (C.C.); (K.K.)
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20
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Yasuda D, Hamano F, Masuda K, Dahlström M, Kobayashi D, Sato N, Hamakubo T, Shimizu T, Ishii S. Inverse agonism of lysophospholipids with cationic head groups at Gi-coupled receptor GPR82. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 954:175893. [PMID: 37392830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
GPR82 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been implicated in lipid storage in mouse adipocytes. However, the intracellular signaling as well as the specific ligands of GPR82 remain unknown. GPR82 is closely related to GPR34, a GPCR for the bioactive lipid molecule lysophosphatidylserine. In this study, we screened a lipid library using GPR82-transfected cells to search for ligands that act on GPR82. By measuring cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels, we found that GPR82 is an apparently constitutively active GPCR that leads to Gi protein activation. In addition, edelfosine (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), an artificial lysophospholipid with a cationic head group that exerts antitumor activity, inhibited the Gi protein activation by GPR82. Two endogenous lysophospholipids with cationic head groups, lysophosphatidylcholine (1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine), also exhibited GPR82 inhibitory activity, albeit weaker than edelfosine. Förster resonance energy transfer imaging analysis consistently demonstrated that Gi protein-coupled GPR82 has an apparent constitutive activity that is edelfosine-sensitive. Consistent data were obtained from GPR82-mediated binding analysis of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) to cell membranes. Furthermore, in GPR82-transfected cells, edelfosine inhibited insulin-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation, like compounds that function as inverse agonists at other GPCRs. Therefore, edelfosine is likely to act as an inverse agonist of GPR82. Finally, GPR82 expression inhibited adipocyte lipolysis, which was abrogated by edelfosine. Our findings suggested that the cationic lysophospholipids edelfosine, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine are novel inverse agonists for Gi-coupled GPR82, which is apparently constitutively active, and has the potential to exert lipolytic effects through GPR82.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Fumie Hamano
- Life Sciences Core Facility, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Masuda
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Nana Sato
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan.
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21
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Moon YJ, Kim HS, Kim MJ, Im HY, Lee YH. Synergistic Effects of Heat-Treated Green Tea Extract and Enzymatically-Modified Isoquercitrin in Preventing Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:2931. [PMID: 37447257 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that both heat-treated green tea extract (HTGT) and enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) have anti-obesity effects. Given the absence of in vivo evidence demonstrating their synergistic effects, our study aimed to elucidate the combined obesity prevention potential of HTGT and EMIQ in mice. Mice were treated with these compounds for 8 weeks, while being fed a high-fat diet, to investigate their preventive anti-obesity effects. We demonstrated that the co-treatment of HTGT and EMIQ results in a synergistic anti-obesity effect, as determined by a Kruskal-Wallis test. Furthermore, the combined treatment of HTGT and EMIQ was more effective than orlistat in reducing body weight gain and adipocyte hypertrophy induced by high-fat diet. The co-treatment also significantly reduced total body fat mass and abdominal fat volume. Additionally, the group receiving the co-treatment exhibited increased energy expenditure and higher glucose intolerance. We observed a dose-dependent upregulation of genes associated with mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and PKA signaling, which is linked to lipolysis, in response to the co-treatment. The co-treatment group displayed elevated cAMP levels and AMPK activation in adipose tissue and increased excretion of fecal lipids. The results indicate that the co-treatment of HTGT and EMIQ holds the potential to be a promising combination therapy for combating obesity. To further validate the anti-obesity effect of the combined treatment of HTGT and EMIQ in human subjects, additional clinical studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Jin Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Yeong Im
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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22
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van Wouw SAE, van den Berg M, El Ouraoui M, Meurs A, Kingma J, Ottenhoff R, Loix M, Hoeksema MA, Prange K, Pasterkamp G, Hendriks JJA, Bogie JFJ, van Klinken JB, Vaz FM, Jongejan A, de Winther MPJ, Zelcer N. Sterol-regulated transmembrane protein TMEM86a couples LXR signaling to regulation of lysoplasmalogens in macrophages. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100325. [PMID: 36592658 PMCID: PMC9926310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysoplasmalogens are a class of vinyl ether bioactive lipids that have a central role in plasmalogen metabolism and membrane fluidity. The liver X receptor (LXR) transcription factors are important determinants of cellular lipid homeostasis owing to their ability to regulate cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. However, their role in governing the composition of lipid species such as lysoplasmalogens in cellular membranes is less well studied. Here, we mapped the lipidome of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) following LXR activation. We found a marked reduction in the levels of lysoplasmalogen species in the absence of changes in the levels of plasmalogens themselves. Transcriptional profiling of LXR-activated macrophages identified the gene encoding transmembrane protein 86a (TMEM86a), an integral endoplasmic reticulum protein, as a previously uncharacterized sterol-regulated gene. We demonstrate that TMEM86a is a direct transcriptional target of LXR in macrophages and microglia and that it is highly expressed in TREM2+/lipid-associated macrophages in human atherosclerotic plaques, where its expression positively correlates with other LXR-regulated genes. We further show that both murine and human TMEM86a display active lysoplasmalogenase activity that can be abrogated by inactivating mutations in the predicted catalytic site. Consequently, we demonstrate that overexpression of Tmem86a in BMDM markedly reduces lysoplasmalogen abundance and membrane fluidity, while reciprocally, silencing of Tmem86a increases basal lysoplasmalogen levels and abrogates the LXR-dependent reduction of this lipid species. Collectively, our findings implicate TMEM86a as a sterol-regulated lysoplasmalogenase in macrophages that contributes to sterol-dependent membrane remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A E van Wouw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marlene van den Berg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maroua El Ouraoui
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amber Meurs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jenina Kingma
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roelof Ottenhoff
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Loix
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marten A Hoeksema
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Prange
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Utrecht UMC, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome J A Hendriks
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jeroen F J Bogie
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jan B van Klinken
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frederic M Vaz
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Bioinformatics Laboratory, of Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences, Infection and Immunity, and Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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23
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Kong Y, Jiang J, Huang Y, Liu X, Jin Z, Li L, Wei F, Liu X, Yin J, Zhang Y, Tong Q, Chen H. Narciclasine inhibits phospholipase A2 and regulates phospholipid metabolism to ameliorate psoriasis-like dermatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1094375. [PMID: 36700214 PMCID: PMC9869703 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease recognized by the World Health Organization as "an incurable chronic, noninfectious, painful, disfiguring and disabling disease." The fact that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most common and important comorbidities of psoriasis suggests an important role of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Narciclasine (Ncs) is an alkaloid isolated from the Amaryllidaceae plants. Its biological activities include antitumor, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, anti-angiogenic and promoting energy expenditure to improve dietinduced obesity. Here, we report that Ncs may be a potential candidate for psoriasis, acting at both the organismal and cellular levels. Methods The therapeutic effect of Ncs was assessed in IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse model. Then, through in vitro experiments, we explored the inhibitory effect of Ncs on HaCaT cell proliferation and Th17 cell polarization; Transcriptomics and lipidomics were used to analyze the major targets of Ncs; Single-cell sequencing data was used to identify the target cells of Ncs action. Results Ncs can inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and reduce the recruitment of immune cells in the skin by inhibiting psoriasis-associated inflammatory mediators. In addition, it showed a direct repression effect on Th17 cell polarization. Transcriptomic and lipidomic data further revealed that Ncs extensively regulated lipid metabolismrelated genes, especially the Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, and increased antiinflammatory lipid molecules. Combined with single-cell data analysis, we confirmed that keratinocytes are the main cells in which Ncs functions. Discussion Taken together, our findings indicate that Ncs alleviates psoriasiform skin inflammation in mice, which is associated with inhibition of PLA2 in keratinocytes and improved phospholipid metabolism. Ncs has the potential for further development as a novel anti-psoriasis drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuqiong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zilin Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Fen Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji-Rongcheng Center for Biomedicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji-Rongcheng Center for Biomedicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Hongxiang Chen, ; Qingyi Tong, ; Yonghui Zhang,
| | - Qingyi Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji-Rongcheng Center for Biomedicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Hongxiang Chen, ; Qingyi Tong, ; Yonghui Zhang,
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Department of Dermatology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Hongxiang Chen, ; Qingyi Tong, ; Yonghui Zhang,
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24
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Dorninger F, Werner ER, Berger J, Watschinger K. Regulation of plasmalogen metabolism and traffic in mammals: The fog begins to lift. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:946393. [PMID: 36120579 PMCID: PMC9471318 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.946393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique chemical structure, plasmalogens do not only exhibit distinct biophysical and biochemical features, but require specialized pathways of biosynthesis and metabolization. Recently, major advances have been made in our understanding of these processes, for example by the attribution of the gene encoding the enzyme, which catalyzes the final desaturation step in plasmalogen biosynthesis, or by the identification of cytochrome C as plasmalogenase, which allows for the degradation of plasmalogens. Also, models have been presented that plausibly explain the maintenance of adequate cellular levels of plasmalogens. However, despite the progress, many aspects around the questions of how plasmalogen metabolism is regulated and how plasmalogens are distributed among organs and tissues in more complex organisms like mammals, remain unresolved. Here, we summarize and interpret current evidence on the regulation of the enzymes involved in plasmalogen biosynthesis and degradation as well as the turnover of plasmalogens. Finally, we focus on plasmalogen traffic across the mammalian body - a topic of major importance, when considering plasmalogen replacement therapies in human disorders, where deficiencies in these lipids have been reported. These involve not only inborn errors in plasmalogen metabolism, but also more common diseases including Alzheimer's disease and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dorninger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,*Correspondence: Fabian Dorninger, ; Katrin Watschinger,
| | - Ernst R. Werner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,*Correspondence: Fabian Dorninger, ; Katrin Watschinger,
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