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Jain S, Voulgaris D, Thongkorn S, Hesen R, Hägg A, Moslem M, Falk A, Herland A. On-Chip Neural Induction Boosts Neural Stem Cell Commitment: Toward a Pipeline for iPSC-Based Therapies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401859. [PMID: 38655836 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The clinical translation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great potential for personalized therapeutics. However, one of the main obstacles is that the current workflow to generate iPSCs is expensive, time-consuming, and requires standardization. A simplified and cost-effective microfluidic approach is presented for reprogramming fibroblasts into iPSCs and their subsequent differentiation into neural stem cells (NSCs). This method exploits microphysiological technology, providing a 100-fold reduction in reagents for reprogramming and a ninefold reduction in number of input cells. The iPSCs generated from microfluidic reprogramming of fibroblasts show upregulation of pluripotency markers and downregulation of fibroblast markers, on par with those reprogrammed in standard well-conditions. The NSCs differentiated in microfluidic chips show upregulation of neuroectodermal markers (ZIC1, PAX6, SOX1), highlighting their propensity for nervous system development. Cells obtained on conventional well plates and microfluidic chips are compared for reprogramming and neural induction by bulk RNA sequencing. Pathway enrichment analysis of NSCs from chip showed neural stem cell development enrichment and boosted commitment to neural stem cell lineage in initial phases of neural induction, attributed to a confined environment in a microfluidic chip. This method provides a cost-effective pipeline to reprogram and differentiate iPSCs for therapeutics compliant with current good manufacturing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumey Jain
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Dimitrios Voulgaris
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for Integrated Medical and Engineering Science, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Surangrat Thongkorn
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- Chulalongkorn Autism Research and Innovation Center of Excellence (Chula ACE), Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rick Hesen
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Alice Hägg
- Neural Stem Cells, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Anna Falk
- Neural Stem Cells, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Anna Herland
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for Integrated Medical and Engineering Science, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
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Duff C, Islam M, Gagliano O, Pramod H, Rashidi H, Kurian MA, Gissen P, Baruteau J. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (UCLi024-A) from a patient with argininosuccinate lyase deficiency carrying a homozygous c.437G > A (p.Arg146Gln) mutation. Stem Cell Res 2024; 76:103365. [PMID: 38422816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA) is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) deficiency. Patients with ASA present with hyperammonaemia due to an impaired urea cycle pathway in the liver, and systemic disease with epileptic encephalopathy, chronic liver disease, and arterial hypertension. A human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the fibroblasts of a patient with ASA with homozygous pathogenic c.437G > A mutation of hASL was generated. Characterization of the cell line demonstrated pluripotency, differentiation potential and normal karyotype. This cell line, called UCLi024-A, can be utilized for in vitro disease modelling of ASA, and design of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Duff
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Madeha Islam
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Onyel Biotech S.r.l., Padova, PD, Italy; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Hema Pramod
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; National Institute of Health Research, Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Hassan Rashidi
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; National Institute of Health Research, Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Paul Gissen
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; National Institute of Health Research, Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; National Institute of Health Research, Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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3
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Norton B, Quirk A, Matsuoka AJ. Unraveling the Mechanisms of Vestibular Neuron Formation from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:131-143. [PMID: 37917115 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of in vitro models that accurately recapitulate the complex cellular and molecular interactions of the inner ear is crucial for understanding inner ear development, function, and disease. In this study, we utilized a customized microfluidic platform to generate human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived three-dimensional otic sensory neurons (OSNs). hiPSC-derived otic neuronal progenitors (ONPs) were cultured in hydrogel-embedded microfluidic channels over a 40-day period. Careful modulation of Wnt and Shh signaling pathways was used to influence dorsoventral patterning and direct differentiation toward a vestibular neuron lineage. After validating the microfluidic platform, OSN spheroid transcription factor and protein expression were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. The results demonstrated the successful differentiation of hiPSCs into ONPs and subsequent divergent differentiation into vestibular neuronal lineages, as evidenced by the expression of characteristic markers. Overall, our microfluidic platform provides a physiologically relevant environment for the culture and differentiation of hiPSCs, offering a valuable tool for studying inner ear development, disease and drug screening, and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Norton
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Analia Quirk
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Akihiro J Matsuoka
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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4
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Ding L, Oh S, Shrestha J, Lam A, Wang Y, Radfar P, Warkiani ME. Scaling up stem cell production: harnessing the potential of microfluidic devices. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108271. [PMID: 37844769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are specialised cells characterised by their unique ability to both self-renew and transform into a wide array of specialised cell types. The widespread interest in stem cells for regenerative medicine and cultivated meat has led to a significant demand for these cells in both research and practical applications. Despite the growing need for stem cell manufacturing, the industry faces significant obstacles, including high costs for equipment and maintenance, complicated operation, and low product quality and yield. Microfluidic technology presents a promising solution to the abovementioned challenges. As an innovative approach for manipulating liquids and cells within microchannels, microfluidics offers a plethora of advantages at an industrial scale. These benefits encompass low setup costs, ease of operation and multiplexing, minimal energy consumption, and the added advantage of being labour-free. This review presents a thorough examination of the prominent microfluidic technologies employed in stem cell research and explores their promising applications in the burgeoning stem cell industry. It thoroughly examines how microfluidics can enhance cell harvesting from tissue samples, facilitate mixing and cryopreservation, streamline microcarrier production, and efficiently conduct cell separation, purification, washing, and final cell formulation post-culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- Smart MCs Pty Ltd, Ultimo, Sydney, 2007, Australia.
| | - Steve Oh
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Jesus Shrestha
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alan Lam
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Payar Radfar
- Smart MCs Pty Ltd, Ultimo, Sydney, 2007, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia..
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5
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Panariello F, Gagliano O, Luni C, Grimaldi A, Angiolillo S, Qin W, Manfredi A, Annunziata P, Slovin S, Vaccaro L, Riccardo S, Bouche V, Dionisi M, Salvi M, Martewicz S, Hu M, Cui M, Stuart H, Laterza C, Baruzzo G, Schiebinger G, Di Camillo B, Cacchiarelli D, Elvassore N. Cellular population dynamics shape the route to human pluripotency. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2829. [PMID: 37198156 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37270-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cellular reprogramming to induced pluripotency is still an inefficient process, which has hindered studying the role of critical intermediate stages. Here we take advantage of high efficiency reprogramming in microfluidics and temporal multi-omics to identify and resolve distinct sub-populations and their interactions. We perform secretome analysis and single-cell transcriptomics to show functional extrinsic pathways of protein communication between reprogramming sub-populations and the re-shaping of a permissive extracellular environment. We pinpoint the HGF/MET/STAT3 axis as a potent enhancer of reprogramming, which acts via HGF accumulation within the confined system of microfluidics, and in conventional dishes needs to be supplied exogenously to enhance efficiency. Our data suggest that human cellular reprogramming is a transcription factor-driven process that it is deeply dependent on extracellular context and cell population determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panariello
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Grimaldi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Silvia Angiolillo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anna Manfredi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA (Next Generation Diagnostic srl), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Patrizia Annunziata
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA (Next Generation Diagnostic srl), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Shaked Slovin
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vaccaro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Sara Riccardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA (Next Generation Diagnostic srl), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Bouche
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Manuela Dionisi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Marcello Salvi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Sebastian Martewicz
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manli Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meihua Cui
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hannah Stuart
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Cecilia Laterza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baruzzo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Di Camillo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy.
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
- School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy.
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Cesare E, Urciuolo A, Stuart HT, Torchio E, Gesualdo A, Laterza C, Gagliano O, Martewicz S, Cui M, Manfredi A, Di Filippo L, Sabatelli P, Squarzoni S, Zorzan I, Betto RM, Martello G, Cacchiarelli D, Luni C, Elvassore N. 3D ECM-rich environment sustains the identity of naive human iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1703-1717.e7. [PMID: 36459970 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of in vitro naive human pluripotent stem cell cultures opened new perspectives for the study of early events in human development. The role of several transcription factors and signaling pathways have been characterized during maintenance of human naive pluripotency. However, little is known about the role exerted by the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its three-dimensional (3D) organization. Here, using an unbiased and integrated approach combining microfluidic cultures with transcriptional, proteomic, and secretome analyses, we found that naive, but not primed, hiPSC colonies are characterized by a self-organized ECM-rich microenvironment. Based on this, we developed a 3D culture system that supports robust long-term feeder-free self-renewal of naive hiPSCs and also allows direct and timely developmental morphogenesis simply by modulating the signaling environment. Our study opens new perspectives for future applications of naive hiPSCs to study critical stages of human development in 3D starting from a single cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cesare
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Institute of Pediatric Research IRP, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova 35127, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Hannah T Stuart
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-BioCenter 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Torchio
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alessia Gesualdo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Cecilia Laterza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Sebastian Martewicz
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Meihua Cui
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Anna Manfredi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Next Generation Diagnostic srl, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Di Filippo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Next Generation Diagnostic srl, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" - Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" - Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Zorzan
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, CB22 3AT Cambridge, UK
| | - Riccardo M Betto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Graziano Martello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna 40131, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
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7
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The VersaLive platform enables microfluidic mammalian cell culture for versatile applications. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1034. [PMID: 36175545 PMCID: PMC9522807 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03976-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic-based cell culture allows for precise spatio-temporal regulation of microenvironment, live cell imaging and better recapitulation of physiological conditions, while minimizing reagents’ consumption. Despite their usefulness, most microfluidic systems are designed with one specific application in mind and usually require specialized equipment and expertise for their operation. All these requirements prevent microfluidic-based cell culture to be widely adopted. Here, we designed and implemented a versatile and easy-to-use perfusion cell culture microfluidic platform for multiple applications (VersaLive) requiring only standard pipettes. Here, we showcase the multiple uses of VersaLive (e.g., time-lapse live cell imaging, immunostaining, cell recovery, cell lysis, plasmid transfection) in mammalian cell lines and primary cells. VersaLive could replace standard cell culture formats in several applications, thus decreasing costs and increasing reproducibility across laboratories. The layout, documentation and protocols are open-source and available online at https://versalive.tigem.it/. VersaLive is a versatile microfluidic platform with flexible input modes and low-volume media reservoirs that can be used for time-lapse live cell imaging, immunostaining, cell recovery, cell lysis and plasmid transfection.
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8
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Contato A, Gagliano O, Magnussen M, Giomo M, Elvassore N. Timely delivery of cardiac mmRNAs in microfluidics enhances cardiogenic programming of human pluripotent stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:871867. [PMID: 36032711 PMCID: PMC9399928 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.871867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades lab-on-chip models, specifically heart-on-chip, have been developed as promising technologies for recapitulating physiological environments suitable for studies of drug and environmental effects on either human physiological or patho-physiological conditions. Most human heart-on-chip systems are based on integration and adaptation of terminally differentiated cells within microfluidic context. This process requires prolonged procedures, multiple steps, and is associated with an intrinsic variability of cardiac differentiation. In this view, we developed a method for cardiac differentiation-on-a-chip based on combining the stage-specific regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with the forced expression of transcription factors (TFs) that timely recapitulate hallmarks of the cardiac development. We performed the overall cardiac differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to cardiomyocytes (CMs) within a microfluidic environment. Sequential forced expression of cardiac TFs was achieved by a sequential mmRNAs delivery of first MESP1, GATA4 followed by GATA4, NKX2.5, MEF2C, TBX3, and TBX5. We showed that this optimized protocol led to a robust and reproducible approach to obtain a cost-effective hiPSC-derived heart-on-chip. The results showed higher distribution of cTNT positive CMs along the channel and a higher expression of functional cardiac markers (TNNT2 and MYH7). The combination of stage-specific regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with mmRNAs encoding cardiac transcription factors will be suitable to obtain heart-on-chip model in a cost-effective manner, enabling to perform combinatorial, multiparametric, parallelized and high-throughput experiments on functional cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Contato
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Magnussen
- GOSICH Zayed Centre for Research Into Rare Disease in Children, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Giomo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- GOSICH Zayed Centre for Research Into Rare Disease in Children, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nicola Elvassore,
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9
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Ng N, Newbery M, Maksour S, Dottori M, Sluyter R, Ooi L. Transgene and Chemical Transdifferentiation of Somatic Cells for Rapid and Efficient Neurological Disease Cell Models. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:858432. [PMID: 35634469 PMCID: PMC9130549 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.858432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For neurological diseases, molecular and cellular research relies on the use of model systems to investigate disease processes and test potential therapeutics. The last decade has witnessed an increase in the number of studies using induced pluripotent stem cells to generate disease relevant cell types from patients. The reprogramming process permits the generation of a large number of cells but is potentially disadvantaged by introducing variability in clonal lines and the removal of phenotypes of aging, which are critical to understand neurodegenerative diseases. An under-utilized approach to disease modeling involves the transdifferentiation of aged cells from patients, such as fibroblasts or blood cells, into various neural cell types. In this review we discuss techniques used for rapid and efficient direct conversion to neural cell types. We examine the limitations and future perspectives of this rapidly advancing field that could improve neurological disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neville Ng
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Neville Ng,
| | - Michelle Newbery
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Maksour
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Mirella Dottori
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Ronald Sluyter
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Lezanne Ooi,
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10
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Rui X, Cui M, Martewicz S, Hu M, Gagliano O, Elvassore N, Luni C. Extracellular phosphoprotein regulation is affected by culture system scale-down. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130165. [PMID: 35513203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorylated proteins are known to be present in multiple body fluids in normal conditions, and abnormally accumulated under some pathological conditions. The biological significance of their role in the extracellular space has started being elucidated only recently, for example in bone mineralization, neural development, and coagulation. Here, we address some criticalities of conventional culture systems for the study of the extracellular regulation of phosphorylation. METHODS We make use of microfluidics to scale-down the culture volume to a size comparable to the interstitial spaces occurring in vivo. The phosphoprotein content of conditioned media was analyzed by a colorimetric assay that detects global phosphorylation. RESULTS We found that miniaturization of the culture system increases phosphoprotein accumulation. Moreover, we demonstrated that in conventional culture systems dilution affects the extent of the phosphorylation reactions occurring within the extracellular space. On the other hand, in microfluidics the phosphorylation status was not affected by addition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and FAM20C Golgi Associated Secretory Pathway Kinase (FAM20C) ectokinase, as if their concentration was already not limiting for the phosphorylation reaction to occur. CONCLUSIONS The volume of the extracellular environment plays a role in the process of extracellular phosphorylation due to its effect on the concentration of substrates, enzymes and co-factors. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Thus, the biological role of extracellular phosphoregulation may be better appreciated within a microfluidic culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Rui
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Meihua Cui
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Sebastian Martewicz
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Manli Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova 35129, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova 35129, Italy; Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna 40131, Italy.
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11
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Luni C, Gagliano O, Elvassore N. Derivation and Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in Microfluidic Devices. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2022; 24:231-248. [PMID: 35378044 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092021-042744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An integrative approach based on microfluidic design and stem cell biology enables capture of the spatial-temporal environmental evolution underpinning epigenetic remodeling and the morphogenetic process. We examine the body of literature that encompasses microfluidic applications where human induced pluripotent stem cells are derived starting from human somatic cells and where human pluripotent stem cells are differentiated into different cell types. We focus on recent studies where the intrinsic features of microfluidics have been exploited to control the reprogramming and differentiation trajectory at the microscale, including the capability of manipulating the fluid velocity field, mass transport regime, and controllable composition within micro- to nanoliter volumes in space and time. We also discuss studies of emerging microfluidic technologies and applications. Finally, we critically discuss perspectives and challenges in the field and how these could be instrumental for bringing about significant biological advances in the field of stem cell engineering. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Volume 24 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Luni
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; , .,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; , .,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Borghi R, Magliocca V, Trivisano M, Specchio N, Tartaglia M, Bertini E, Compagnucci C. Modeling PCDH19-CE: From 2D Stem Cell Model to 3D Brain Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073506. [PMID: 35408865 PMCID: PMC8998847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PCDH19 clustering epilepsy (PCDH19-CE) is a genetic disease characterized by a heterogeneous phenotypic spectrum ranging from focal epilepsy with rare seizures and normal cognitive development to severe drug-resistant epilepsy associated with intellectual disability and autism. Unfortunately, little is known about the pathogenic mechanism underlying this disease and an effective treatment is lacking. Studies with zebrafish and murine models have provided insights on the function of PCDH19 during brain development and how its altered function causes the disease, but these models fail to reproduce the human phenotype. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has provided a complementary experimental approach for investigating the pathogenic mechanisms implicated in PCDH19-CE during neurogenesis and studying the pathology in a more physiological three-dimensional (3D) environment through the development of brain organoids. We report on recent progress in the development of human brain organoids with a particular focus on how this 3D model may shed light on the pathomechanisms implicated in PCDH19-CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Borghi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Valentina Magliocca
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Marina Trivisano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rare and Complex Epilepsy Unit, Division of Neurology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Full Member of European Reference Network EpiCARE, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Nicola Specchio
- Department of Neurosciences, Rare and Complex Epilepsy Unit, Division of Neurology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Full Member of European Reference Network EpiCARE, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Claudia Compagnucci
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (M.T.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Matheus F, Raveh T, Oro AE, Wernig M, Drukker M. Is hypoimmunogenic stem cell therapy safe in times of pandemics? Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:711-714. [PMID: 35334219 PMCID: PMC9023772 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The manipulation of human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and immune modulatory factors in “universal” human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) holds promise for immunological tolerance without HLA matching. This paradigm raises concerns should "universal" grafts become virally infected. Furthermore, immunological manipulation might functionally impair certain progeny, such as hematopoietic stem cells. We discuss the risks and benefits of hypoimmunogenic PSCs, and the need to further advance HLA matching and autologous strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Matheus
- Institute for Stem Cell Research, iPSC Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tal Raveh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anthony E Oro
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marius Wernig
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Micha Drukker
- Institute for Stem Cell Research, iPSC Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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14
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O G, Cascione S, Michielin F, Elvassore N. The emergence of the circadian clock network in hiPSC-derived hepatocytes on chip. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 601:109-115. [PMID: 35240497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock has paramount implications in physiology and pathology. Although the circadian clock has been widely investigated in adults, up to now very little is known about how circadian rhythms emerge during embryonic development. Some studies about the ontology of the circadian system are focused on the development of the central pacemaker, whereas there is still no agreement about the development of the circadian clock in peripheral tissues. Our work represents the first attempt at investigating the onset of peripheral circadian clocks in the liver, which has a central role in controlling several aspects of human physiology. We profile the emergence of the circadian genes during the transition from the initial state of human pluripotency to the final state of hepatic maturation. We demonstrate that circadian rhythmicity is absent in human pluripotent stem cells, and it arises gradually during the process of hepatic commitment. The clock genes expression reaches a peak at the hepatic progenitor stage. At this point o hiPSC-derived f differentiation the gene oscillations start to be observed with a period of 13 h and approaches 24 h in a later stage when the clock primary feedback loop starts working properly. At the end of differentiation, circadian rhythmicity appears, with genes of primary and secondary feedback loops in antiphase (CLOCK, BMAL1 and REV-ERBα) a sign that the system becomes to be functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagliano O
- Department of Industrail Engineering, University of Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - S Cascione
- Department of Industrail Engineering, University of Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy; San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - F Michielin
- Department of Industrail Engineering, University of Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy; Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Elvassore
- Department of Industrail Engineering, University of Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy; Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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15
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Gupta P, Shinde A, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Tseng FG, Santra TS. Microfluidic platforms for single neuron analysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100222. [PMID: 35243297 PMCID: PMC8866890 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-neuron actions are the basis of brain function, as clinical sequelae, neuronal dysfunction or failure for most of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries can be identified via tracing single-neurons. The bulk analysis methods tend to miscue critical information by assessing the population-averaged outcomes. However, its primary requisite in neuroscience to analyze single-neurons and to understand dynamic interplay of neurons and their environment. Microfluidic systems enable precise control over nano-to femto-liter volumes via adjusting device geometry, surface characteristics, and flow-dynamics, thus facilitating a well-defined micro-environment with spatio-temporal control for single-neuron analysis. The microfluidic platform not only offers a comprehensive landscape to study brain cell diversity at the level of transcriptome, genome, and/or epigenome of individual cells but also has a substantial role in deciphering complex dynamics of brain development and brain-related disorders. In this review, we highlight recent advances of microfluidic devices for single-neuron analysis, i.e., single-neuron trapping, single-neuron dynamics, single-neuron proteomics, single-neuron transcriptomics, drug delivery at the single-neuron level, single axon guidance, and single-neuron differentiation. Moreover, we also emphasize limitations and future challenges of single-neuron analysis by focusing on key performances of throughput and multiparametric activity analysis on microfluidic platforms.
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16
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Teixeira A, Carneiro A, Piairo P, Xavier M, Ainla A, Lopes C, Sousa-Silva M, Dias A, Martins AS, Rodrigues C, Pereira R, Pires LR, Abalde-Cela S, Diéguez L. Advances in Microfluidics for the Implementation of Liquid Biopsy in Clinical Routine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1379:553-590. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Zorzan I, Gagliano O, Elvassore N, Martello G. Using Microfluidics to Generate Human Naïve and Primed Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2416:53-71. [PMID: 34870830 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1908-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated from somatic cells by the expression of a cocktail of transcription factors, and iPSCs have the capacity to generate in vitro all cell types of the human body. In addition to primed (conventional) iPSCs, several groups recently reported the generation of human naïve iPSCs, which are in a more primitive developmental state and have a broader developmental potential, as shown by their ability to form cells of the placenta. Human iPSCs have broad medical potential but their generation is often time-consuming, not scalable and requires viral vectors or stable genetic manipulations. To overcome such limitations, we developed protocols for high-efficiency generation of either conventional or naïve iPSCs by delivery of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) using a microfluidic system. In this protocol we describe how to produce microfluidic devices, and how to reprogram human somatic cells into naïve and primed iPSCs using these devices. We also describe how to transfer the iPSC colonies from the microfluidic devices over to standard multiwell plates for subsequent expansion of the cultures. Our approach does not require stable genetic modifications, is reproducible and cost-effective, allowing to produce patient-specific iPSCs for cell therapy, disease modeling, and in vitro developmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Zorzan
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Department, DBC Program, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Vázquez M, Anfossi L, Ben-Yoav H, Diéguez L, Karopka T, Della Ventura B, Abalde-Cela S, Minopoli A, Di Nardo F, Shukla VK, Teixeira A, Tvarijonaviciute A, Franco-Martínez L. Use of some cost-effective technologies for a routine clinical pathology laboratory. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4330-4351. [PMID: 34664599 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00658d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Classically, the need for highly sophisticated instruments with important economic costs has been a major limiting factor for clinical pathology laboratories, especially in developing countries. With the aim of making clinical pathology more accessible, a wide variety of free or economical technologies have been developed worldwide in the last few years. 3D printing and Arduino approaches can provide up to 94% economical savings in hardware and instrumentation in comparison to commercial alternatives. The vast selection of point-of-care-tests (POCT) currently available also limits the need for specific instruments or personnel, as they can be used almost anywhere and by anyone. Lastly, there are dozens of free and libre digital tools available in health informatics. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art on cost-effective alternatives with applications in routine clinical pathology laboratories. In this context, a variety of technologies including 3D printing and Arduino, lateral flow assays, plasmonic biosensors, and microfluidics, as well as laboratory information systems, are discussed. This review aims to serve as an introduction to different technologies that can make clinical pathology more accessible and, therefore, contribute to achieve universal health coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vázquez
- National Centre For Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Laura Anfossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria, 5, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Abalde-Cela
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria, 5, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Vikas Kumar Shukla
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Alexandra Teixeira
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Lorena Franco-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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19
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Rivera-Ordaz A, Peli V, Manzini P, Barilani M, Lazzari L. Critical Analysis of cGMP Large-Scale Expansion Process in Bioreactors of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Framework of Quality by Design. BioDrugs 2021; 35:693-714. [PMID: 34727354 PMCID: PMC8561684 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are manufactured as advanced therapy medicinal products for tissue replacement applications. With this aim, the feasibility of hiPSC large-scale expansion in existing bioreactor systems under current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) has been tested. Yet, these attempts have lacked a paradigm shift in culture settings and technologies tailored to hiPSCs, which jeopardizes their clinical translation. The best approach for industrial scale-up of high-quality hiPSCs is to design their manufacturing process by following quality-by-design (QbD) principles: a scientific, risk-based framework for process design based on relating product and process attributes to product quality. In this review, we analyzed the hiPSC expansion manufacturing process implementing the QbD approach in the use of bioreactors, stressing the decisive role played by the cell quantity, quality and costs, drawing key QbD concepts directly from the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rivera-Ordaz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Peli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manzini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
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20
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Gagliano O, Luni C, Li Y, Angiolillo S, Qin W, Panariello F, Cacchiarelli D, Takahashi JS, Elvassore N. Synchronization between peripheral circadian clock and feeding-fasting cycles in microfluidic device sustains oscillatory pattern of transcriptome. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6185. [PMID: 34702819 PMCID: PMC8548598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian system cyclically regulates many physiological and behavioral processes within the day. Desynchronization between physiological and behavioral rhythms increases the risk of developing some, including metabolic, disorders. Here we investigate how the oscillatory nature of metabolic signals, resembling feeding-fasting cycles, sustains the cell-autonomous clock in peripheral tissues. By controlling the timing, period and frequency of glucose and insulin signals via microfluidics, we find a strong effect on Per2::Luc fibroblasts entrainment. We show that the circadian Per2 expression is better sustained via a 24 h period and 12 h:12 h frequency-encoded metabolic stimulation applied for 3 daily cycles, aligned to the cell-autonomous clock, entraining the expression of hundreds of genes mostly belonging to circadian rhythms and cell cycle pathways. On the contrary misaligned feeding-fasting cycles synchronize and amplify the expression of extracellular matrix-associated genes, aligned during the light phase. This study underlines the role of the synchronicity between life-style-associated metabolic signals and peripheral clocks on the circadian entrainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Silvia Angiolillo
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Panariello
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy.
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, University College London GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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21
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Vollertsen AR, Den SAT, Schwach V, van den Berg A, Passier R, van der Meer AD, Odijk M. Highly parallelized human embryonic stem cell differentiation to cardiac mesoderm in nanoliter chambers on a microfluidic chip. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:30. [PMID: 34059973 PMCID: PMC8166733 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human stem cell-derived cells and tissues hold considerable potential for applications in regenerative medicine, disease modeling and drug discovery. The generation, culture and differentiation of stem cells in low-volume, automated and parallelized microfluidic chips hold great promise to accelerate the research in this domain. Here, we show that we can differentiate human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to early cardiac mesodermal cells in microfluidic chambers that have a volume of only 30 nanoliters, using discontinuous medium perfusion. 64 of these chambers were parallelized on a chip which contained integrated valves to spatiotemporally isolate the chambers and automate cell culture medium exchanges. To confirm cell pluripotency, we tracked hESC proliferation and immunostained the cells for pluripotency markers SOX2 and OCT3/4. During differentiation, we investigated the effect of different medium perfusion frequencies on cell reorganization and the expression of the early cardiac mesoderm reporter MESP1mCherry by live-cell imaging. Our study demonstrates that microfluidic technology can be used to automatically culture, differentiate and study hESC in very low-volume culture chambers even without continuous medium perfusion. This result is an important step towards further automation and parallelization in stem cell technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke R Vollertsen
- BIOS Lab On a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Max Planck - University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Simone A Ten Den
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Verena Schwach
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van den Berg
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Passier
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Andries D van der Meer
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Odijk
- BIOS Lab On a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Max Planck - University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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22
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Alle Q, Le Borgne E, Milhavet O, Lemaitre JM. Reprogramming: Emerging Strategies to Rejuvenate Aging Cells and Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3990. [PMID: 33924362 PMCID: PMC8070588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive and functional decline of all tissues and a striking increase in many "age-related diseases". Although aging has long been considered an inevitable process, strategies to delay and potentially even reverse the aging process have recently been developed. Here, we review emerging rejuvenation strategies that are based on reprogramming toward pluripotency. Some of these approaches may eventually lead to medical applications to improve healthspan and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Alle
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Enora Le Borgne
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Ollivier Milhavet
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
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23
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Tolomeo AM, Laterza C, Grespan E, Michielin F, Canals I, Kokaia Z, Muraca M, Gagliano O, Elvassore N. NGN2 mmRNA-Based Transcriptional Programming in Microfluidic Guides hiPSCs Toward Neural Fate With Multiple Identities. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:602888. [PMID: 33679325 PMCID: PMC7928329 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.602888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in cell engineering have succeeded in manipulating cell identity with the targeted overexpression of specific cell fate determining transcription factors in a process named transcriptional programming. Neurogenin2 (NGN2) is sufficient to instruct pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to acquire a neuronal identity when delivered with an integrating system, which arises some safety concerns for clinical applications. A non-integrating system based on modified messenger RNA (mmRNA) delivery method, represents a valuable alternative to lentiviral-based approaches. The ability of NGN2 mmRNA to instruct PSC fate change has not been thoroughly investigated yet. Here we aimed at understanding whether the use of an NGN2 mmRNA-based approach combined with a miniaturized system, which allows a higher transfection efficiency in a cost-effective system, is able to drive human induced PSCs (hiPSCs) toward the neuronal lineage. We show that NGN2 mRNA alone is able to induce cell fate conversion. Surprisingly, the outcome cell population accounts for multiple phenotypes along the neural development trajectory. We found that this mixed population is mainly constituted by neural stem cells (45% ± 18 PAX6 positive cells) and neurons (38% ± 8 βIIITUBULIN positive cells) only when NGN2 is delivered as mmRNA. On the other hand, when the delivery system is lentiviral-based, both providing a constant expression of NGN2 or only a transient pulse, the outcome differentiated population is formed by a clear majority of neurons (88% ± 1 βIIITUBULIN positive cells). Altogether, our data confirm the ability of NGN2 to induce neuralization in hiPSCs and opens a new point of view in respect to the delivery system method when it comes to transcriptional programming applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Padua, Italy
| | - Cecilia Laterza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Eleonora Grespan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Michielin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Isaac Canals
- Stem Cells, Aging and Neurodegeneration Group, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Zaal Kokaia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Restorative Neurology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maurizio Muraca
- L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Padua, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
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24
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Xie K, Zhao X, Jiang X, Chen B, Han Y, Lu Y, Huang L, Zhang W, Yang Y, Shi P. High-Efficiency Cellular Reprogramming by Nanoscale Puncturing. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5473-5481. [PMID: 32520569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) bear great potential for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine; however, the wide adoption of iPSC for clinically relevant applications has been hindered by the extremely low reprogramming efficiency. Here, we describe a high-efficiency cellular reprogramming strategy by puncturing cells with an array of diamond nanoneedles, which is applied to temporally disrupt the cell membrane in a reversible and minimally invasive format. This method enables high-efficiency cytoplasmic delivery of mini-intronic plasmid vectors to initiate the conversion of human fibroblast cells to either primed iPSCs or naı̈ve iPSCs. The nanopuncturing operation is directly performed on cells in adherent culture without any cell lift-off and is completed within just 5 min. The treated cells are then cultured in feeder-free medium to achieve a reprogramming efficiency of 1.17 ± 0.28%, which is more than 2 orders of magnitude higher than the typical results from common methods involving plasmid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zixun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuezhen Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linfeng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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25
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Barilani M, Cherubini A, Peli V, Polveraccio F, Bollati V, Guffanti F, Del Gobbo A, Lavazza C, Giovanelli S, Elvassore N, Lazzari L. A circular RNA map for human induced pluripotent stem cells of foetal origin. EBioMedicine 2020; 57:102848. [PMID: 32574961 PMCID: PMC7322262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult skin fibroblasts represent the most common starting cell type used to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (F-hiPSC) for clinical studies. Yet, a foetal source would offer unique advantages, primarily the absence of accumulated somatic mutations. Herein, we generated hiPSC from cord blood multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-hiPSC) and compared them with F-hiPSC. Assessment of the full activation of the pluripotency gene regulatory network (PGRN) focused on circular RNA (circRNA), recently proposed to participate in the control of pluripotency. METHODS Reprogramming was achieved by a footprint-free strategy. Self-renewal and pluripotency of cord blood MSC-hiPSC were investigated in vitro and in vivo, compared to parental MSC, to embryonic stem cells and to F-hiPSC. High-throughput array-based approaches and bioinformatics analyses were applied to address the PGRN. FINDINGS Cord blood MSC-hiPSC successfully acquired a complete pluripotent identity. Functional comparison with F-hiPSC showed no differences in terms of i) generation of mesenchymal-like derivatives, ii) their subsequent adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic commitment, and iii) their hematopoietic support ability. At the transcriptional level, specific subsets of mRNA, miRNA and circRNA (n = 4,429) were evidenced, casting a further layer of complexity on the PGRN regulatory crosstalk. INTERPRETATION A circRNA map of transcripts associated to naïve and primed pluripotency is provided for hiPSC of clinical-grade foetal origin, offering insights on still unreported regulatory circuits of the PGRN to consider for the optimization and development of efficient differentiation protocols for clinical translation. FUNDING This research was funded by Ricerca Corrente 2012-2018 by the Italian Ministry of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy; EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Peli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Polveraccio
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy; Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Del Gobbo
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giovanelli
- Milano Cord Blood Bank, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy; Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy.
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26
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Zorzan I, Pellegrini M, Arboit M, Incarnato D, Maldotti M, Forcato M, Tagliazucchi GM, Carbognin E, Montagner M, Oliviero S, Martello G. The transcriptional regulator ZNF398 mediates pluripotency and epithelial character downstream of TGF-beta in human PSCs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2364. [PMID: 32398665 PMCID: PMC7217929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the capacity to give rise to all differentiated cells of the adult. TGF-beta is used routinely for expansion of conventional hPSCs as flat epithelial colonies expressing the transcription factors POU5F1/OCT4, NANOG, SOX2. Here we report a global analysis of the transcriptional programme controlled by TGF-beta followed by an unbiased gain-of-function screening in multiple hPSC lines to identify factors mediating TGF-beta activity. We identify a quartet of transcriptional regulators promoting hPSC self-renewal including ZNF398, a human-specific mediator of pluripotency and epithelial character in hPSCs. Mechanistically, ZNF398 binds active promoters and enhancers together with SMAD3 and the histone acetyltransferase EP300, enabling transcription of TGF-beta targets. In the context of somatic cell reprogramming, inhibition of ZNF398 abolishes activation of pluripotency and epithelial genes and colony formation. Our findings have clear implications for the generation of bona fide hPSCs for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Zorzan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy.,UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK
| | - Mattia Arboit
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Danny Incarnato
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Center (MCB), University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10060, Candiolo (TO), Italy.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mara Maldotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Center (MCB), University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10060, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Guidantonio Malagoli Tagliazucchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy.,UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
| | - Elena Carbognin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Montagner
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliviero
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Center (MCB), University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy. .,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10060, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
| | - Graziano Martello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy.
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27
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Fattahi P, Haque A, Son KJ, Guild J, Revzin A. Microfluidic devices, accumulation of endogenous signals and stem cell fate selection. Differentiation 2019; 112:39-46. [PMID: 31884176 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pouria Fattahi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amranul Haque
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kyung Jin Son
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Guild
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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