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Morello W, Budelli S, Bernstein DA, Montemurro T, Montelatici E, Lavazza C, Ghio L, Edefonti A, Peruzzi L, Molino D, Benetti E, Gianoglio B, Mehmeti F, Catenacci L, Rotella J, Tamburello C, Moretta A, Lazzari L, Giordano R, Prati D, Montini G. First clinical application of cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells in children with multi-drug resistant nephrotic syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:420. [PMID: 35986374 PMCID: PMC9389735 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives Children with multi-drug resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (MDR-INS) usually progress to end-stage kidney disease with a consistent risk of disease recurrence after transplantation. New therapeutic options are needed for these patients. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotential non-hematopoietic cells with several immunomodulatory properties and growing clinical applications. Cord blood-derived MSC have peculiar anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. We aimed at assessing safety and efficacy of cord-blood-derived MSCs (CB-MSCs) in children with MDR-INS. Design, setting, participants Prospective, open-label, single arm phase I–II pilot study. Pediatric patients with MDR-INS, resistant to at least two lines of therapy, were enrolled. Allogenic CB-MSCs were administered intravenously on days 0, 14, and 21 at a dose of 1.5 × 106 cells/kg. Patients were followed for at least 12 months. The primary outcomes were safety and toxicity. The secondary outcome was remission at 12 months evaluated by urinary protein/urinary creatinine ratio (uPr/uCr). Circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs) were monitored. Results Eleven pediatric patients with MDR-INS (10 females, median age 13 years) resistant to a median of 3 previous lines of therapy were enrolled. All patients completed the CB-MSC infusion schedule. No patient experienced any infusion-related adverse event or toxicity. Nine patients were assessable for efficacy. At the 12 months follow-up after the treatment, the median uPr/uCr did not change significantly from baseline (8.13 vs. 9.07; p = 0.98), while 3 patients were in partial or complete remission. A lower baseline uPr/uCr was a predictor of remission (2.55 vs. 8.74; p = 0.0238). Tregs count was not associated with CB-MSCs therapy. Conclusions CB-MSCs are safe and may have a role in the immunosuppressive therapy of pediatric patients with MDR-INS. This preliminary experience paves the way toward further phase II studies addressing MSC efficacy in immune-mediated kidney diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03112-7.
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Dell ‘Uomo M, Bier N, Carreras G, Lazzari L, Dominioni I, Nicolì L, Dominici M. Corrigendum to: P174 WELLENS’ SYNDROME: A TYPICAL CASE. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lazzari L, Donzelli S, Cassese A, Sisti N, Tordini A, Pirozzi C, Di Meo F, Marini C, Carreras G. Development and validation of a new ECG algorithm based on the analysis of lead V3 to determine the origin of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction (Aim)
To preoperatively differentiate the site of origin outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OT-VA) it is of utmost importance for procedure planning yet challenging for those with a precordial transition (PT) at lead V3: close-proximity anatomical structures produce similar VA morphologies, thus leading to possible misdiagnosis. We sought to create an ECG algorithm that could be accurate and useful in overcoming this problem.
Methods and Results
74 consecutive patients (Pts) with OT-VA who underwent successful radio-frequency catheter ablation (V3 PT 60.8%) were enrolled. The ECG characteristics of the first 30 Pts were analyzed (retrospective cohort); those with a PT at lead V3 underwent activation-mapping of both OT to ensure a correct diagnosis. LV-OT and RV-OT groups shared similar characteristics, including BMI and BSA.
Above all ECG measurements, the V3 duration index (DI) and amplitude percentage, both calculated with the formula [R\(R+S)]*100 (computing duration and amplitude measurements respectively), showed the greatest AUC. A V3 DI < 50% established a certain diagnosis of origin at RV-OT (sensitivity 86.7%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 88.2%; AUC 0.931). If the V3 DI was ≥ 50%, a V3 R wave percentage ≥ 50% established a certain diagnosis of origin at LV-OT (sensitivity 86.7%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 88.2%, AUC 0.951). While a direct study of the RV-OT or LV-OT is suggested in these first two cases, few classification errors occurred only in the rare event of a V3 DI ≥ 50% with a V3 R wave percentage < 50% (Figure 1).
In the prospective cohort, the two indices were confirmed to have the two best AUCs (0.992 and 0.986, respectively), and the algorithm showed an accuracy of 95.45%.
Since the aortic cusps are structures posterior to RV-OT, therefore further away from V2, these foci more frequently show a QRS onset at ≥ V3; a characteristic which in our series was associated with an odds ratio for LV-OT origin of 4.1 [95% CI 1.47 – 11.39], p = 0.007.
Using the transition ratio, we found a statistical significance only in lead V3, with a cut-off of ≥ 1 for predicting an LV-OT origin (LV-OT vs. RV-OT: 7.70 ± 12.75 vs. 0.70 ± 0.55, p < 0.001; AUC 0.898). Analyzing the overall case series, we can generalize the following: duration and amplitude indices showed an increasing AUC passing from lead V1 to V3 (Figure 2). The indices based on the complete measurement of the wave R compared to the QRS showed better AUCs than those on partial measures in V2 and V3: the duration index was better than the deflection index, as well as the amplitude percentage was better than the amplitude ratio.
Conclusions
The usefulness of the algorithm lies in providing preoperatively two assured outcomes in most cases (86.36%), allowing to limit the procedure to one OT directly - even in the event of a V3 PT - while it can select a small subgroup of complex Pts in which a study of both OT is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lazzari
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - S Donzelli
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - A Cassese
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - N Sisti
- Polyclinic Santa Maria alle Scotte, Cardiology Department, Siena, Italy
| | - A Tordini
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - C Pirozzi
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - F Di Meo
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - C Marini
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
| | - G Carreras
- Hospital Santa Maria, Electrophysiology Lab, Terni, Italy
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Dell‘Como M, Bier N, Carreras G, Lazzari L, Dominioni I, Nicolì L, Dominici M. P174 WELLENS‘ SYNDROME: A TYPICAL CASE. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac012.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
78–year–old man, hypertensive, diabetic, dyslipidemic, with a recent diagnosis of chronic ischemic encephalopathy and cognitive impairment that severely limited the acquisition of both proximate and remote pathological anamnesis.Transported to the emergency room from 118, contacted by family members, due to pain in the left arm associated with cold sweating and general malaise, symptoms lasting about 4 hours and no longer present upon arrival in the emergency room.On the Echocardiogram performed in ER: akinesia of the apex in its entirety and of the middle anterior wall, not present in a previous examination in April. To laboratory tests: first determination of the high sensitivity troponin within the limits of the norm. On ECG: sinus rhythm at 96 bpm, PR interval 144 ms, left axial deviation, elevation of the ST tract. at J point <1 mm with presence of biphasic T waves in V2–V3. QTc Bazett 409 ms.The patient was then taken to the hemodynamics room and subjected to angioplasty on the proximal anterior descending artery, for critical stenosis of the same. The case is a typical example of Wellens‘ Syndrome.It represents an electrocardiographic manifestation of critical stenosis of the proximal anterior interventricular artery in patients with unstable angina, which is associated with a high risk of developing extensive anterior infarction with a severe prognosis.Originally classified as two separate types, today it is considered as the evolution of type 1 into type 2, manifesting initially with biphasic inversions of the T wave (observed only in 25% of patients with Wellens) and, subsequently, with symmetrical inversions, often deep (> 2 mm) of the T wave, in the anterior precordials.This electrocardiographic aspect is typically present in the absence of pain, while the electrocardiographic trace generally normalizes in presence of pain.After coronary revascularization, most patients show normalization of the electrocardiogram and often of sectoral abnormalities of left ventricular function, suggesting that underlying the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes observed in Wellens is a mechanism of myocardial hibernation or stunning.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dell‘Como
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
| | - N Bier
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
| | - G Carreras
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
| | - L Lazzari
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
| | - I Dominioni
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
| | - L Nicolì
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
| | - M Dominici
- AOSP TERNI, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, TERNI; AOSP TERNI, TERNI; MULTIMEDICA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA, MILANO
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Winkler AS, Cherubini A, Rusconi F, Santo N, Madaschi L, Pistoni C, Moschetti G, Sarnicola ML, Crosti M, Rosso L, Tremolada P, Lazzari L, Bacchetta R. Human airway organoids and microplastic fibers: A new exposure model for emerging contaminants. Environ Int 2022; 163:107200. [PMID: 35349910 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) structured organoids are the most advanced in vitro models for studying human health effects, but their application to evaluate the biological effects associated with microplastic exposure was neglected until now. Fibers from synthetic clothes and fabrics are a major source of airborne microplastics, and their release from dryer machines is poorly understood. We quantified and characterized the microplastic fibers (MPFs) released in the exhaust filter of a household dryer and tested their effects on airway organoids (1, 10, and 50 µg mL-1) by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). While the presence of MPFs did not inhibit organoid growth, we observed a significant reduction of SCGB1A1 gene expression related to club cell functionality and a polarized cell growth along the fibers. The MPFs did not cause relevant inflammation or oxidative stress but were coated with a cellular layer, resulting in the inclusion of fibers in the organoid. This effect could have long-term implications regarding lung epithelial cells undergoing repair. This exposure study using human airway organoids proved suitability of the model for studying the effects of airborne microplastic contamination on humans and could form the basis for further research regarding the toxicological assessment of emerging contaminants such as micro- or nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sophie Winkler
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Rusconi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Santo
- Unitech NOLIMITS, Imaging Facility, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Madaschi
- Unitech NOLIMITS, Imaging Facility, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Pistoni
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Moschetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Sarnicola
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Crosti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rosso
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Tremolada
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Renato Bacchetta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Manzini P, Peli V, Rivera-Ordaz A, Budelli S, Barilani M, Lazzari L. Validation of an automated cell counting method for cGMP manufacturing of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Biotechnology Reports 2022; 33:e00708. [PMID: 35198419 PMCID: PMC8851089 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Capelli C, Frigerio S, Lisini D, Nava S, Gaipa G, Belotti D, Cabiati B, Budelli S, Lazzari L, Bagnarino J, Tanzi M, Comoli P, Perico N, Introna M, Golay J. A comprehensive report of long-term stability data for a range ATMPs: A need to develop guidelines for safe and harmonized stability studies. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:544-556. [PMID: 35177338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are novel drugs based on genes, cells or tissues developed to treat many different diseases. Stability studies of each new ATMP need to be performed to define its shelf life and guarantee efficacy and safety upon infusion, and these are presently based on guidelines originally drafted for standard pharmaceutical drugs, which have properties and are stored in conditions quite different from cell products. The aim of this report is to provide evidence-based information for stability studies on ATMPs that will facilitate the interlaboratory harmonization of practices in this area. METHODS We have collected and analyzed the results of stability studies on 19 different cell-based experimental ATMPs, produced by five authorized cell factories forming the Lombardy "Plagencell network" for use in 36 approved phase I/II clinical trials; most were cryopreserved and stored in liquid nitrogen vapors for 1 to 13 years. RESULTS The cell attributes collected in stability studies included cell viability, immunophenotype and potency assays, in particular immunosuppression, cytotoxicity, cytokine release and proliferation/differentiation capacity. Microbiological attributes including sterility, endotoxin levels and mycoplasma contamination were also analyzed. All drug products (DPs), cryopreserved in various excipients containing 10% DMSO and in different primary containers, were very stable long term at <-150°C and did not show any tendency for diminished viability or efficacy for up to 13.5 years. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that new guidelines for stability studies, specific for ATMPs and based on risk analyses, should be drafted to harmonize practices, significantly reduce the costs of stability studies without diminishing safety. Some specific suggestions are presented in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Capelli
- Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani", ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; Fondazione per la Ricerca Ospedale di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Cell Therapy Production Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Lisini
- Cell Therapy Production Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Nava
- Cell Therapy Production Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gaipa
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy Stefano Verri, ASST Monza Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Daniela Belotti
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy Stefano Verri, ASST Monza Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cabiati
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy Stefano Verri, ASST Monza Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Jessica Bagnarino
- UOSD Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Tanzi
- UOSD Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Comoli
- UOSD Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Norberto Perico
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Martino Introna
- Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani", ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Josée Golay
- Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani", ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; Fondazione per la Ricerca Ospedale di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
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Lavazza C, Budelli S, Montelatici E, Viganò M, Ulbar F, Catani L, Cannone MG, Savelli S, Groppelli E, Lazzari L, Lemoli RM, Cescon M, La Manna G, Giordano R, Montemurro T. Process development and validation of expanded regulatory T cells for prospective applications: an example of manufacturing a personalized advanced therapy medicinal product. J Transl Med 2022; 20:14. [PMID: 34986854 PMCID: PMC8729072 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of clinical trials have shown that regulatory T (Treg) cell transfer may have a favorable effect on the maintenance of self-tolerance and immune homeostasis in different conditions such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), solid organ transplantation, type 1 diabetes, and others. In this context, the availability of a robust manufacturing protocol that is able to produce a sufficient number of functional Treg cells represents a fundamental prerequisite for the success of a cell therapy clinical protocol. However, extended workflow guidelines for nonprofit manufacturers are currently lacking. Despite the fact that different successful manufacturing procedures and cell products with excellent safety profiles have been reported from early clinical trials, the selection and expansion protocols for Treg cells vary a lot. The objective of this study was to validate a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant protocol for the production of Treg cells that approaches the whole process with a risk-management methodology, from process design to completion of final product development. High emphasis was given to the description of the quality control (QC) methodologies used for the in-process and release tests (sterility, endotoxin test, mycoplasma, and immunophenotype). RESULTS The GMP-compliant protocol defined in this work allows at least 4.11 × 109 Treg cells to be obtained with an average purity of 95.75 ± 4.38% and can be used in different clinical settings to exploit Treg cell immunomodulatory function. CONCLUSIONS These results could be of great use for facilities implementing GMP-compliant cell therapy protocols of these cells for different conditions aimed at restoring the Treg cell number and function, which may slow the progression of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Lavazza
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ulbar
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica E Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Catani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica E Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Giulia Cannone
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Savelli
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Groppelli
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto M Lemoli
- Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), Clinic of Hematology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico S. Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)-Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital IRCCS, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montemurro
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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Cherubini A, Rusconi F, Lazzari L. Identification of the best housekeeping gene for RT-qPCR analysis of human pancreatic organoids. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260902. [PMID: 34879096 PMCID: PMC8654213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, there has been a considerable increase in the use of organoids, which is a new three-dimensional culture technology applied in scientific research. The main reasons for their extensive use are their plasticity and multiple applications, including in regenerative medicine and the screening of new drugs. The aim of this study was to better understand these structures by focusing on the choice of the best housekeeping gene (HKG) to perform accurate molecular analysis on such a heterogeneous system. This feature should not be underestimated because the inappropriate use of a HKG can lead to misleading data and incorrect results, especially when the subject of the study is innovative and not totally explored like organoids. We focused our attention on the newly described human pancreatic organoids (hPOs) and compared 12 well-known HKGs (ACTB, B2M, EF1α, GAPDH, GUSB, HPRT, PPIA, RNA18S, RPL13A TBP, UBC and YWHAZ). Four different statistical algorithms (NormFinder, geNorm, BestKeeper and ΔCt) were applied to estimate the expression stability of each HKG, and RefFinder was used to identify the most suitable genes for RT-qPCR data normalization. Our results showed that the intragroup and intergroup comparisons could influence the best choice of the HKG, making clear that the identification of a stable reference gene for accurate and reproducible RT-qPCR data normalization remains a critical issue. In summary, this is the first report on HKGs in human organoids, and this work provides a strong basis to pave the way for further gene analysis in hPOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cherubini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine—Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Rusconi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine—Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine—Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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10
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Barilani M, Lovejoy C, Piras R, Abramov AY, Lazzari L, Angelova PR. Age-related changes in the energy of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1753-1767. [PMID: 34791648 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a physiological process that leads to a higher risk for the most devastating diseases. There are a number of theories of human aging proposed, and many of them are directly or indirectly linked to mitochondria. Here, we used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from young and older donors to study age-related changes in mitochondrial metabolism. We have found that aging in MSCs is associated with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and lower NADH levels in mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA content is higher in aged MSCs, but the overall mitochondrial mass is decreased due to increased rates of mitophagy. Despite the higher level of ATP in aged cells, a higher rate of ATP consumption renders them more vulnerable to energy deprivation compared to younger cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism in aged MSCs activate the overproduction of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria which is compensated by a higher level of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione. Thus, energy metabolism and redox state are the drivers for the aging of MSCs/mesenchymal stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barilani
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Christopher Lovejoy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roberta Piras
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Plamena R Angelova
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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11
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Rivera-Ordaz A, Peli V, Manzini P, Barilani M, Lazzari L. Critical Analysis of cGMP Large-Scale Expansion Process in Bioreactors of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Framework of Quality by Design. BioDrugs 2021; 35:693-714. [PMID: 34727354 PMCID: PMC8561684 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are manufactured as advanced therapy medicinal products for tissue replacement applications. With this aim, the feasibility of hiPSC large-scale expansion in existing bioreactor systems under current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) has been tested. Yet, these attempts have lacked a paradigm shift in culture settings and technologies tailored to hiPSCs, which jeopardizes their clinical translation. The best approach for industrial scale-up of high-quality hiPSCs is to design their manufacturing process by following quality-by-design (QbD) principles: a scientific, risk-based framework for process design based on relating product and process attributes to product quality. In this review, we analyzed the hiPSC expansion manufacturing process implementing the QbD approach in the use of bioreactors, stressing the decisive role played by the cell quantity, quality and costs, drawing key QbD concepts directly from the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rivera-Ordaz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Peli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manzini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
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12
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Giordano R, Canesi M, Isalberti M, Marfia G, Campanella R, Vincenti D, Cereda V, Ranghetti A, Palmisano C, Isaias IU, Benti R, Marotta G, Lazzari L, Montemurro T, Viganò M, Budelli S, Montelatici E, Lavazza C, Rivera-Ordaz A, Pezzoli G. Safety and Effectiveness of Cell Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Take-Home Messages From a Pilot Feasibility Phase I Study of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:723227. [PMID: 34712113 PMCID: PMC8546103 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.723227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with anti-inflammatory properties. Here we tested the safety of MSCs in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01824121; Eudract No. 2011-004051-39). Seven patients were treated. To improve the safety, protocol adjustments were made during the performance of the study. The objectives of our work were: (1) to assess the safety of MSCs and (2) to identify critical issues in cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Autologous MSCs from the bone marrow of PSP patients were administered through the internal carotid arteries. 1-year survival and number of severe adverse events were considered as safety endpoints. Clinical rating scales, neuropsychological assessments, gait and posture analysis, single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and brain magnetic resonance (BMR) were performed at different follow-up times. Peripheral blood levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured before and after cell infusion. Six of the seven treated patients were living 1 year after cell infusion. Asymptomatic spotty lesions were observed at BMR after 24 h in six of the seven treated patients. The last patient in the preliminary cohort (Case 5) exhibited transiently symptomatic BMR ischemic alterations. No severe adverse events were recorded in the last two treated patients. Interleukin-8 serum concentrations decreased in three patients (Case 2, 3, and 4). An adaptive study design, appropriate and up-to-date efficacy measures, adequate sample size estimation, and, possibly, the use of a cellular and/or allogeneic cell sources may help in performing phase II trials in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Giordano
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Canesi
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G. Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy.,Neurologic Rehabilitation Unit, Moriggia Pelascini Hospital, Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy
| | - Maurizio Isalberti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroradiology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Marfia
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rolando Campanella
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Vincenti
- Onco-Hematology Unit, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Cereda
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G. Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy.,Neurologic Rehabilitation Unit, Moriggia Pelascini Hospital, Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ranghetti
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G. Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy.,Neurologic Rehabilitation Unit, Moriggia Pelascini Hospital, Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy
| | - Chiara Palmisano
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg and Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Ugo Isaias
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg and Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Benti
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montemurro
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Araceli Rivera-Ordaz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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13
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Lazzari L, Donzelli S, Cassese A, Zappulla P, Tordini A, Marini C, Di Meo F, Carreras G. Diagnostic value of ECG characteristics in precordial leads V1-V3 for the diagnosis of the origin of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias with a lead V3 precordial transition. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background and Purpose. To distinguish the origin of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OTVAs) with a V3 precordial transition is still a challenge. To date, numerous diagnostic algorithms have been described, mainly by analysis of leads V1 and V2, while a complete study of lead V3 has never been conducted.
Methods. The ECG characteristics of 45 patients (Pts) with a left bundle branch block pattern OTVAs (LVOT 51.1%, RVOT 48.9%) who underwent successful catheter ablation were retrospectively analyzed. The region where the radiofrequency delivery resulted in the persistent suppression of the arrhythmia was identified as the site of origin.
For every duration or amplitude variable and for derivative indices, the comparison of means (U Mann Whitney or t-test), the determination of the AUC by ROC curves, and the correlation with BMI and BSA were performed. The odds ratio was calculated for every variable with an AUC ≥ 0.700. The three best results are described.
Results. Pts with a LVOT origin were older (59.91 ± 10.48 vs 50.95 ± 15.48, p = 0.027) and predominantly males (82.6% vs 54.5%, p = 0.042) but they shared similar BMI (24.74 ± 2.76 vs 24.09 ± 2.94, p = 0.45) and BSA (1.83 ± 0.12 vs 1.77 ± 0.16, p = 0.157).
In leads V1 – V2 the duration but not the amplitude of the R wave showed a significant correlation with the BSA; no variable, with the exception of the S wave amplitude, exhibited an AUC ≥ 0.700. Criteria based on the prevalence of the R wave in those leads were very specific but not sensitive as a V1 – V2 duration index ≥ 50% and a V1 – V2 amplitude ratio ≥ 30% were present only in 13.04 and 26.08% respectively of patients with a LVOT origin.
No measurement in lead V3 showed any correlation with auxological characteristics. The three best ECG variables were: 1) the V3 R wave duration index (R wave \ QRS duration); AUC 0.905, LVOT origin if ≥ 50%, OR 74.80 95% CI [7.97 – 701.48], p < 0.001; 2) the V3 R wave duration; AUC 0.900, LVOT origin if ≥ 80 msec, OR 47.25 95% CI [7.73 – 288.82], p < 0.001; 3) the V3 R wave percentage (amplitude of the R wave with respect to the global amplitude of the QRS, expressed as a percentage); AUC 0.888, LVOT origin if ≥ 50%, OR 36 95% CI [6.19 – 209.06], p < 0.001.
Based on the V2 transition ratio calculation formula, we calculated the V3 transition ratio (AUC 0.843, LVOT origin if ≥ 1) which was very sensitive but less specific; OR 30 CI [3.32 – 270.37], p = 0.002.
To multivariate analysis, only a V3 R wave percentage ≥ 50% proved to be an independent predictor of LVOT origin; OR 9 CI [2.08 – 38.78], p = 0.003, even if the criterion with the highest accuracy was a V3 duration index ≥ 50% (88.89%).
Conclusions. Although it has been poorly analyzed in previous studies on the origin of OTVAs, the morphological characteristics of lead V3 seem to provide valid elements for the creation of diagnostic algorithms. Abstract Figure. Comparison of ECG characteristics
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lazzari
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
| | - S Donzelli
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
| | - A Cassese
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
| | - P Zappulla
- High Specialty and Transplant Center CAST, Cardiology Division, Catania, Italy
| | - A Tordini
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
| | - C Marini
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
| | - F Di Meo
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
| | - G Carreras
- "S. Maria" Hospital, Electrophysiology Division, Terni, Italy
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14
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Brennan MÁ, Barilani M, Rusconi F, de Lima J, Vidal L, Lavazza C, Lazzari L, Giordano R, Layrolle P. Chondrogenic and BMP-4 primings confer osteogenesis potential to human cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells delivered with biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6751. [PMID: 33762629 PMCID: PMC7991626 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) show great promise for bone repair, however they are isolated by an invasive bone marrow harvest and their regenerative potential decreases with age. Conversely, cord blood can be collected non-invasively after birth and contains MSCs (CBMSCs) that can be stored for future use. However, whether CBMSCs can replace BMSCs targeting bone repair is unknown. This study evaluates the in vitro osteogenic potential of unprimed, osteogenically primed, or chondrogenically primed CBMSCs and BMSCs and their in vivo bone forming capacity following ectopic implantation on biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics in nude mice. In vitro, alkaline phosphatase (intracellular, extracellular, and gene expression), and secretion of osteogenic cytokines (osteoprotegerin and osteocalcin) was significantly higher in BMSCs compared with CBMSCs, while CBMSCs demonstrated superior chondrogenic differentiation and secretion of interleukins IL-6 and IL-8. BMSCs yielded significantly more cell engraftment and ectopic bone formation compared to CBMSCs. However, priming of CBMSCs with either chondrogenic or BMP-4 supplements led to bone formation by CBMSCs. This study is the first direct quantification of the bone forming abilities of BMSCs and CBMSCs in vivo and, while revealing the innate superiority of BMSCs for bone repair, it provides avenues to induce osteogenesis by CBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meadhbh Á Brennan
- Inserm, UMR 1238, PHY-OS Laboratory, Bone Sarcomas and Remodelling of Calcified Tissues, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.,National University of Ireland (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Rusconi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Julien de Lima
- Inserm, UMR 1238, PHY-OS Laboratory, Bone Sarcomas and Remodelling of Calcified Tissues, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Luciano Vidal
- Inserm, UMR 1238, PHY-OS Laboratory, Bone Sarcomas and Remodelling of Calcified Tissues, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.,Rapid Manufacturing Platform, GEM Laboratory, Centrale Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- Inserm, UMR 1238, PHY-OS Laboratory, Bone Sarcomas and Remodelling of Calcified Tissues, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.
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15
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Chieregato K, Bernardi M, Alghisi A, Giordano R, Lazzari L, Perbellini O, Rassu M, Ruggeri M, Astori G. A flow cytometric assay for the quantification of MSC lysis by peripheral blood mononucleated cells. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06036. [PMID: 33553772 PMCID: PMC7856420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are attractive candidates for the treatment of acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) or autoimmune disorders. However, mechanisms of MSC recognition remain unclear and there are evidences that MSC are not totally immunoprivileged. Data suggest that MSC undergo apoptosis after infusion in presence of cytotoxic cells and their death could drive immunosuppression. In GvHD patients, that activity was associated with clinical response. It is mandatory to develop an in vitro potency testing predictor of the "in vivo" response to the therapy. We describe a flow cytometric assay based on differential immunostaining of target and effector cells where BM MSC are enumerated with fluorospheres to determine the loss of target cells after co-culture with PB MNC. 6/13 (46%) of BM MSC lots were lysed by PB MNC and the lysis was proportional to the E/T cell ratio. The method overcomes the problems linked to the use of dyes or radioactive, evidencing the limitations linked to the use of a single vital dye and proposing a precise gating strategy based on absolute cell counts where cells are left untouched. The assay is easy and could be used to predict the response of the patients to the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Chieregato
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy.,CORIS Veneto - Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Bernardi
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy.,CORIS Veneto - Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberta Alghisi
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Omar Perbellini
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Mario Rassu
- Department of Microbiology, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Astori
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
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16
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17
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Muraca M, Pessina A, Pozzobon M, Dominici M, Galderisi U, Lazzari L, Parolini O, Lucarelli E, Perilongo G, Baraldi E. Mesenchymal stromal cells and their secreted extracellular vesicles as therapeutic tools for COVID-19 pneumonia? J Control Release 2020; 325:135-140. [PMID: 32622963 PMCID: PMC7332437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic represents an unprecedented global health emergency, further aggravated by the lack of effective therapies. For this reason, several clinical trials are testing different off-label drugs, already approved for other pathologies. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been tested during the last two decades for the treatment of various pathologic conditions, including acute and chronic lung diseases, both in animal models and in patients. In particular, promising results have been obtained in the experimental therapy of acute respiratory distress syndrome, which represents the most threatening complication of COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, more recently, great interest has been devoted to the possible clinical applications of extracellular vesicles secreted by MSCs, nanoparticles that convey much of the biological effects and of the therapeutic efficacy of their cells of origin. This review summarizes the experimental evidence underlying the possible use of MSCs and of MSC-EVs in severe COVID-19 infection and underlines the need to evaluate the possible efficacy of these therapeutic approaches through controlled studies under the supervision of the Regulatory Authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Muraca
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Augusto Pessina
- CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of MilanVia Pascal 3620133 Milano - Italy.
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Trasfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Osteoarticolar Regeneration Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Perilongo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenio Baraldi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Italy
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18
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Barilani M, Cherubini A, Peli V, Polveraccio F, Bollati V, Guffanti F, Del Gobbo A, Lavazza C, Giovanelli S, Elvassore N, Lazzari L. A circular RNA map for human induced pluripotent stem cells of foetal origin. EBioMedicine 2020; 57:102848. [PMID: 32574961 PMCID: PMC7322262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult skin fibroblasts represent the most common starting cell type used to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (F-hiPSC) for clinical studies. Yet, a foetal source would offer unique advantages, primarily the absence of accumulated somatic mutations. Herein, we generated hiPSC from cord blood multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-hiPSC) and compared them with F-hiPSC. Assessment of the full activation of the pluripotency gene regulatory network (PGRN) focused on circular RNA (circRNA), recently proposed to participate in the control of pluripotency. METHODS Reprogramming was achieved by a footprint-free strategy. Self-renewal and pluripotency of cord blood MSC-hiPSC were investigated in vitro and in vivo, compared to parental MSC, to embryonic stem cells and to F-hiPSC. High-throughput array-based approaches and bioinformatics analyses were applied to address the PGRN. FINDINGS Cord blood MSC-hiPSC successfully acquired a complete pluripotent identity. Functional comparison with F-hiPSC showed no differences in terms of i) generation of mesenchymal-like derivatives, ii) their subsequent adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic commitment, and iii) their hematopoietic support ability. At the transcriptional level, specific subsets of mRNA, miRNA and circRNA (n = 4,429) were evidenced, casting a further layer of complexity on the PGRN regulatory crosstalk. INTERPRETATION A circRNA map of transcripts associated to naïve and primed pluripotency is provided for hiPSC of clinical-grade foetal origin, offering insights on still unreported regulatory circuits of the PGRN to consider for the optimization and development of efficient differentiation protocols for clinical translation. FUNDING This research was funded by Ricerca Corrente 2012-2018 by the Italian Ministry of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy; EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Peli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Polveraccio
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy; Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Del Gobbo
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giovanelli
- Milano Cord Blood Bank, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy; Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy.
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19
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Dossena M, Piras R, Cherubini A, Barilani M, Dugnani E, Salanitro F, Moreth T, Pampaloni F, Piemonti L, Lazzari L. Standardized GMP-compliant scalable production of human pancreas organoids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:94. [PMID: 32127043 PMCID: PMC7055108 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Organoids are three-dimensional in vitro-grown cell clusters that recapitulate key features of native organs. In regenerative medicine, organoid technology represents a promising approach for the replacement of severely damaged organs, such as the pancreas in patients with type 1 diabetes. Isolation human pancreas organoids (hPOs) in chemically defined serum-free culture media would be a major milestone for this approach. Methods Starting from discarded pancreatic tissues, we developed a large-scale process for obtaining clinically relevant quantities of undifferentiated organoids, obviating enzymatic digestion and operator-dependent pancreatic ducts picking steps. hPO identity was characterized by molecular and flow cytometry analysis. Results This work demonstrates that it is possible to obtain a large-scale production of organoids. We introduced some innovations in the isolation, expansion, and freezing of hPOs from five donors. First of all, the choice of the starting material (islet-depleted pancreas) that allows obtaining a high quantity of hPOs at low passages. On the other hand, we introduced mechanical dissociation and we eliminated the picking step to exclude the operator-depending steps, without affecting the success of the culture (100% success rate). Another important improvement was to replace R-spondin-1 (Rspo1) conditioned medium with Rspo1 recombinant molecule to obtain a well-defined composition of the expansion medium. Finally, we implemented a GMP-compliant freezing protocol. hPOs showed exponential growth with diameter and area that increased three- and eight-fold in 7 days, respectively. Immunophenotypic profile and gene expression analysis revealed that hPOs were composed of ductal (82.33 ± 8.37%), acinar (2.80 ± 1.25%) cells, and pancreatic progenitors (5.81 ± 2.65%). Conclusion This work represents a milestone for a GMP-compliance hPO production and, ultimately, their clinical application as a type 1 diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dossena
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Piras
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Dugnani
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Salanitro
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Till Moreth
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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20
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Cherubini A, Barilani M, Rossi RL, Jalal M, Rusconi F, Buono G, Ragni E, Cantarella G, Simpson H, Péault B, Lazzari L. FOXP1 circular RNA sustains mesenchymal stem cell identity via microRNA inhibition. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:5325-5340. [PMID: 30937446 PMCID: PMC6547427 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell identity and plasticity are controlled by master regulatory genes and complex circuits also involving non-coding RNAs. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of RNAs generated from protein-coding genes by backsplicing, resulting in stable RNA structures devoid of free 5’ and 3’ ends. Little is known of the mechanisms of action of circRNAs, let alone in stem cell biology. In this study, for the first time, we determined that a circRNA controls mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) identity and differentiation. High-throughput MSC expression profiling from different tissues revealed a large number of expressed circRNAs. Among those, circFOXP1 was enriched in MSCs compared to differentiated mesodermal derivatives. Silencing of circFOXP1 dramatically impaired MSC differentiation in culture and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated a direct interaction between circFOXP1 and miR-17–3p/miR-127–5p, which results in the modulation of non-canonical Wnt and EGFR pathways. Finally, we addressed the interplay between canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways. Reprogramming to pluripotency of MSCs reduced circFOXP1 and non-canonical Wnt, whereas canonical Wnt was boosted. The opposing effect was observed during generation of MSCs from human pluripotent stem cells. Our results provide unprecedented evidence for a regulatory role for circFOXP1 as a gatekeeper of pivotal stem cell molecular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Riccardo L Rossi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Murtadhah M K Jalal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Francesco Rusconi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Buono
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cantarella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20122, Italy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Hamish A R W Simpson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Bruno Péault
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Centre, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +39 0255034053;
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21
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Barilani M, Peli V, Cherubini A, Dossena M, Dolo V, Lazzari L. NG2 as an Identity and Quality Marker of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121524. [PMID: 31783568 PMCID: PMC6953102 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EV) is currently under investigation in many pathological contexts. Both adult and perinatal MSC are being considered as sources of EV. Herein, we address antigen expression of cord blood and bone marrow MSC and released EV to define an identity and quality parameter of MSC EV as a medicinal product in the context of clinical applications. The research focuses on EV-shuttled neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2), which has previously been detected as a promising surface marker to distinguish perinatal versus adult MSC. Indeed, NG2 was significantly more abundant in cord blood than bone marrow MSC and MSC EV. Ultracentrifuge-isolated EV were then challenged for their pro-angiogenic properties on an xCELLigence system as quality control. NG2+ cord blood MSC EV, but not bone marrow MSC EV, promote bFGF and PDGF-AA proliferative effect on endothelial cells. Likewise, they successfully rescue angiostatin-induced endothelial cell growth arrest. In both cases, the effects are NG2-dependent. These results point at NG2 as an identity and quality parameter for cord blood MSC EV, paving the way for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine–Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano (MI), Italy; (M.B.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Valeria Peli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine–Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano (MI), Italy; (M.B.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine–Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano (MI), Italy; (M.B.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Marta Dossena
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine–Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano (MI), Italy; (M.B.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine–Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano (MI), Italy; (M.B.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Trevisan C, Fallas MEA, Maghin E, Franzin C, Pavan P, Caccin P, Chiavegato A, Carraro E, Boso D, Boldrin F, Caicci F, Bertin E, Urbani L, Milan A, Biz C, Lazzari L, De Coppi P, Pozzobon M, Piccoli M. Generation of a Functioning and Self-Renewing Diaphragmatic Muscle Construct. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:858-869. [PMID: 30972959 PMCID: PMC6646700 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical repair of large muscular defects requires the use of autologous graft transfer or prosthetic material. Naturally derived matrices are biocompatible materials obtained by tissue decellularization and are commonly used in clinical practice. Despite promising applications described in the literature, the use of acellular matrices to repair large defects has been only partially successful, highlighting the need for more efficient constructs. Scaffold recellularization by means of tissue engineering may improve not only the structure of the matrix, but also its ability to functionally interact with the host. The development of such a complex construct is challenging, due to the complexity of the native organ architecture and the difficulties in recreating the cellular niche with both proliferative and differentiating potential during growth or after damage. In this study, we tested a mouse decellularized diaphragmatic extracellular matrix (ECM) previously described by our group, for the generation of a cellular skeletal muscle construct with functional features. The decellularized matrix was stored using different conditions to mimic the off‐the‐shelf clinical need. Pediatric human muscle precursors were seeded into the decellularized scaffold, demonstrating proliferation and differentiation capability, giving rise to a functioning three‐dimensional skeletal muscle structure. Furthermore, we exposed the engineered construct to cardiotoxin injury and demonstrated its ability to activate a regenerative response in vitro promoting cell self‐renewal and a positive ECM remodeling. Functional reconstruction of an engineered skeletal muscle with maintenance of a stem cell pool makes this a promising tool toward future clinical applications in diaphragmatic regeneration. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:858&869
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Trevisan
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Enrique Alvrez Fallas
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Maghin
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Franzin
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Piero Pavan
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Caccin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Chiavegato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute for Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenia Carraro
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Boso
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Enrica Bertin
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Urbani
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology & Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Hepatology, The Foundation for Liver Research, London, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Milan
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Biz
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, Orthopaedic Clinic, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology & Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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23
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Mattinzoli D, Ikehata M, Tsugawa K, Alfieri CM, Barilani M, Lazzari L, Andreetta P, Elli FM, Mantovani G, Messa P. FGF23 and Fetuin-A Interaction and Mesenchymal Osteogenic Transformation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040915. [PMID: 30791553 PMCID: PMC6412477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we found a strict bone association between Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and Fetuin-A, both involved in cardiovascular and mineral bone disorders. In this study, an uninvestigated bone marrow positivity for both was found. Though the role of exogenous FGF23 on mesenchymal cells (MSCs) was reported, no information is as yet available on the possible production of this hormone by MSCs. To further analyze these uninvestigated aspects, we studied human primary cells and mouse and human cell lines by means of immunostaining, qRT-PCR, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, transfection, and a streamlined approach for the FGF23⁻Fetuin-A interaction called Duolink proximity ligation assay. Mesenchymal cells produce but do not secrete FGF23 and its expression increases during osteo-differentiation. Fibroblast growth factor 23 is also involved in the regulation of Fetuin-A by binding directly to the Fetuin-A promoter and then activating its transcription. Both FGF23 overexpression and addition induced an upregulation of Fetuin-A in the absence of osteo-inducer factors. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and Fetuin-A promoter were increased by osteo-inducer factors with this effect being abolished after FGF23 silencing. In conclusion, both FGF23 and Fetuin-A are present and strictly linked to each other in MSCs with FGF23 driving Fetuin-A production. This mechanism suggests a role for these two proteins in the osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Mattinzoli
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Masami Ikehata
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Koji Tsugawa
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlo M Alfieri
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Barilani
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Cell Factory, Regenerative medicine laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Cell Factory, Regenerative medicine laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Andreetta
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca M Elli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Endocrinology Unit, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Endocrinology Unit, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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24
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Viganò M, Budelli S, Lavazza C, Montemurro T, Montelatici E, de Cesare S, Lazzari L, Orlandi AR, Lunghi G, Giordano R. Tips and Tricks for Validation of Quality Control Analytical Methods in Good Manufacturing Practice Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Production. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:3038565. [PMID: 30254681 PMCID: PMC6142742 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3038565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) for cellular therapy in European Union are classified as advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), and their production must fulfill the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) rules. Despite their classification as medicinal products is already well recognized, there is still a lack of information and indications to validate methods and to adapt the noncompendial and compendial methods to these peculiar biological products with intrinsic characteristics that differentiate them from classic synthetic or biologic drugs. In the present paper, we present the results of the validation studies performed in the context of MSC development as ATMPs for clinical experimental use. Specifically, we describe the validation policies followed for sterility testing, endotoxins, adventitious viruses, cell count, and immunophenotyping. Our work demonstrates that it is possible to fully validate analytical methods also for ATMPs and that a risk-based approach can fill the gap between the prescription of the available guidelines shaped on traditional medicinal products and the peculiar characteristics of these novel and extremely promising new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Viganò
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPIGET Lab, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montemurro
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania de Cesare
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Rosa Orlandi
- Clinical Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lunghi
- Clinical Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Department of Transfusion Medicine & Hematology, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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25
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Trento C, Bernardo ME, Nagler A, Kuçi S, Bornhäuser M, Köhl U, Strunk D, Galleu A, Sanchez-Guijo F, Gaipa G, Introna M, Bukauskas A, Le Blanc K, Apperley J, Roelofs H, Van Campenhout A, Beguin Y, Kuball J, Lazzari L, Avanzini MA, Fibbe W, Chabannon C, Bonini C, Dazzi F. Manufacturing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Graft-versus-Host Disease: A Survey among Centers Affiliated with the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24:2365-2370. [PMID: 30031938 PMCID: PMC6299357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been successfully tested to control clinical severe graft-versus host disease and improve survival. However, clinical studies have not yet provided conclusive evidence of their efficacy largely because of lack of patients' stratification criteria. The heterogeneity of MSC preparations is also a major contributing factor, as manufacturing of therapeutic MSC is performed according to different protocols among different centers. Understanding the variability of the manufacturing protocol would allow a better comparison of the results obtained in the clinical setting among different centers. In order to acquire information on MSC manufacturing we sent a questionnaire to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centers registered as producing MSC. Data from 17 centers were obtained and analyzed by means of a 2-phase questionnaire specifically focused on product manufacturing. Gathered information included MSC tissue sources, MSC donor matching, medium additives for ex vivo expansion, and data on MSC product specification for clinical release. The majority of centers manufactured MSC from bone marrow (88%), whilst only 2 centers produced MSC from umbilical cord blood or cord tissue. One of the major changes in the manufacturing process has been the replacement of fetal bovine serum with human platelet lysate as medium supplement. 59% of centers used only third-party MSC, whilst only 1 center manufactured exclusively autologous MSC. The large majority of these facilities (71%) administered MSC exclusively from frozen batches. Aside from variations in the culture method, we found large heterogeneity also regarding product specification, particularly in the markers used for phenotypical characterization and their threshold of expression, use of potency assays to test MSC functionality, and karyotyping. The initial data collected from this survey highlight the variability in MSC manufacturing as clinical products and the need for harmonization. Until more informative potency assays become available, a more homogeneous approach to cell production may at least reduce variability in clinical trials and improve interpretation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trento
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Selim Kuçi
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Köhl
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute of Cellular Therapy and Immunology and Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Experimental & Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Antonio Galleu
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fermin Sanchez-Guijo
- Hematology Department, IBSAL-Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Gaipa
- Laboratorio di Terapia Cellulare e Genica Stefano Verri, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Martino Introna
- USS Centro di Terapia Cellulare "G.Lanzani", ASST Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Adomas Bukauskas
- Center of Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden, Stockholm
| | - Jane Apperley
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helene Roelofs
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ann Van Campenhout
- Transplantation Laboratory Hematology, U.Z. Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Clinical Haematology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jürgen Kuball
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory GMP, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Laboratorio Immunologia e dei Trapianti, Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Willem Fibbe
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Chabannon
- Institut Paoli Calmettes & Inserm CBT-1409, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapies, Marseille, France
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele and Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Rosso L, Zanella A, Righi I, Barilani M, Lazzari L, Scotti E, Gori F, Mendogni P. Lung transplantation, ex-vivo reconditioning and regeneration: state of the art and perspectives. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S2423-S2430. [PMID: 30123580 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is the only therapeutic option for end-stage pulmonary failure. Nevertheless, the shortage of donor pool available for transplantation does not allow to satisfy the requests, thus the mortality on the waiting list remains high. One of the tools to overcome the donor pool shortage is the use of ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) to preserve, evaluate and recondition selected lung grafts not otherwise suitable for transplantation. EVLP is nowadays a clinical reality and have several destinations of use. After a narrative review of the literature and looking at our experience we can assume that one of the chances to improve the outcome of lung transplantation and to overcome the donor pool shortage could be the tissue regeneration of the graft during EVLP and the immunomodulation of the recipient. Both these strategies are performed using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The results of the models of lung perfusion with MSC-based cell therapy open the way to a new innovative approach that further increases the potential for using of the lung perfusion platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Rosso
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Zanella
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Righi
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Unit of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Unit of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Scotti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gori
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Mendogni
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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27
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Lazzari L, Corti G, Isella C, Montone M, Bertotti A, Trusolino L, Nicolantonio FD, Linnebacher M, Bardelli A, Arena S. PO-050 A molecularly annotated platform of pdx-derived cell lines mirrors the genomic landscape of colorectal cancer. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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28
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Viganò M, Budelli S, Montemurro T, Lavazza C, Savelli S, Montelatici E, De Palmis V, Canesi M, Pezzoli G, Lazzari L, Giordano R. Peculiar in vitro behaviour of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells from patients affected by progressive supranuclear palsy. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Mattinzoli D, Ikehata M, Tsugawa K, Alfieri CM, Dongiovanni P, Trombetta E, Valenti L, Puliti A, Lazzari L, Messa P. FGF23 and Fetuin-A Interaction in the Liver and in the Circulation. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:586-598. [PMID: 29904273 PMCID: PMC6001652 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.23256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently it has been demonstrated that Fetuin-A, an anti-inflammatory protein synthesized by the liver, is produced also in bone by an FGF23-regulated pathway. FGF23 has been also demonstrated to induce inflammatory cytokine production in the liver. This study aimed to explore if FGF23 plays a role in the Fetuin-A production in the liver cells too and the possible relationships with FGF23 pro-inflammatory effects. FGF23 and Fetuin-A were studied in liver, kidney and in plasma with immunochemistry, immunoprecipitation, western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation, duolink, ELISA, qrtPCR methodology. FGF23 is produced, but not secreted by the liver cells. In hepatocytes and circulation, FGF23 was present only strictly linked to Fetuin-A, while Fetuin-A was found also in unbounded form. No link was observed in the kidney. FGF23 up to 600 pg/ml stimulates, while, at higher concentrations, reduces Fetuin-A expression. Notably, overall the range of concentrations, FGF23 stimulates Fetuin-A promoter, TNFα and IL6 expression. In the nucleus, FGF23 seems to act as a direct transcription factor of Fetuin-A promoter. These results suggest that FGF23 played a direct regulatory role in Fetuin-A expression in liver cells with a biphasic effect: Fetuin-A progressively increases when FGF23 increases up to 400-600 pg/mL, and declines at higher FGF23 concentrations. These results lead us to hypothesize: a) a possible epigenetic post-transcriptional regulation; b) a possible counter-regulatory effect of FGF23 induced inflammatory cytokines (TNFα/ NF-κB mechanism). This study could add an additional key for the interpretation of the possible mechanisms linking FGF23, Fetuin-A and inflammation in CKD patients and suggests a role for FGF23 as transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Mattinzoli
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Masami Ikehata
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Koji Tsugawa
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo M Alfieri
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Dongiovanni
- Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Trombetta
- Flow Cytometry and Experimental Hepatology Service, Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of pathophysiology and transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Aldamaria Puliti
- DiNOGMI, University of Genoa, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal transplant Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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Abstract
Umbilical cord blood has been recently used as a source of hematopoietic progenitor cells for transplantation of pediatric patients. This study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of a cord blood bank for unrelated transplant. When the umbilical cord was clamped within 20 seconds after delivery, it was possible to collect 86±25 ml of cord recipients with more than 2000 CFU-GM/kg; 53% of cord blood samples were found to contain enough CFU-GM for engraftment in 50-70 kg adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bertolini
- Division of Hematology, Transplant Unit and Blood Bank, “Maggiore” Hospital, Milano
| | - L. Lazzari
- Division of Hematology, Transplant Unit and Blood Bank, “Maggiore” Hospital, Milano
| | - C. Corsini
- Division of Hematology, Transplant Unit and Blood Bank, “Maggiore” Hospital, Milano
| | - E. Lauri
- Division of Hematology, Transplant Unit and Blood Bank, “Maggiore” Hospital, Milano
| | - F. Gorini
- Department of Ginecology and Obstetrics, “Regina Elena” Hospital, Milano - Italy
| | - G. Sirchia
- Division of Hematology, Transplant Unit and Blood Bank, “Maggiore” Hospital, Milano
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31
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Pizzocaro C, Rossini PL, Terzi A, Farfaglia R, Lazzari L, Simoncini E, Giubbini R. Sentinel Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: The Experience of Brescia Civic Hospital. Tumori 2018; 86:309-11. [PMID: 11016711 DOI: 10.1177/030089160008600412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The accuracy of the sentinel node technique in the evaluation of axillary node involvement in breast cancer was evaluated in 83 consecutive patients with monofocal T1–2 carcinoma, who were clinically N0 and who underwent lymphoscintigraphy with 99mTc-colloid integrated with intraoperative sentinel node detection by a portable probe. Lymphoscintigraphy revealed at least one sentinel node in 75 patients (90.4%), always identified by the probe. In eight patients (9.6%) the sentinel node was detected neither by lymphoscintigraphy nor by the probe. All removed lymph nodes were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin histology and the sentinel node by immunostaining. In 28/75 patients (37.3%) at least one metastatic axillary lymph node was detected; in 16 of the 28 N+ subjects (57%) only the sentinel node was positive. The false negative rate (sentinel node negative/other axillary lymph nodes positive) was 17.85% (5/28 patients). In 9/23 patients (39%) micrometastases were found in the sentinel node only. In conclusion, specific sentinel node positivity in 57% of cases supports the validity of the sentinel node concept. Moreover, nine patients would have been considered No by standard hematoxylin-eosin histology without sentinel node-aided immunostaining. A 17.8% false negative rate calls for caution in patients with negative sentinel nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pizzocaro
- Divisione di Medicina Nucleare, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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32
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Papa S, Vismara I, Mariani A, Barilani M, Rimondo S, De Paola M, Panini N, Erba E, Mauri E, Rossi F, Forloni G, Lazzari L, Veglianese P. Mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated into biomimetic hydrogel scaffold gradually release CCL2 chemokine in situ preserving cytoarchitecture and promoting functional recovery in spinal cord injury. J Control Release 2018; 278:49-56. [PMID: 29621597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an acute neurodegenerative disorder caused by traumatic damage of the spinal cord. The neuropathological evolution of the primary trauma involves multifactorial processes that exacerbate the pathology, worsening the neurodegeneration and limiting neuroregeneration. This complexity suggests that multi-therapeutic approaches, rather than any single treatment, might be more effective. Encouraging preclinical results indicate that stem cell-based treatments may improve the disease outcome due to their multi-therapeutic ability. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are currently considered one of the most promising approaches. Significant improvement in the behavioral outcome after MSC treatment sustained by hydrogel has been demonstrated. However, it is still not known how hydrogel contribute to the delivery of factors secreted from MSCs and what factors are released in situ. Among different mediators secreted by MSCs after seeding into hydrogel, we have found CCL2 chemokine, which could account for the neuroprotective mechanisms of these cells. CCL2 secreted from human MSCs is delivered efficaciously in the lesioned spinal cord acting not only on recruitment of macrophages, but driving also their conversion to an M2 neuroprotective phenotype. Surprisingly, human CCL2 delivered also plays a key role in preventing motor neuron degeneration in vitro and after spinal cord trauma in vivo, with a significant improvement of the motor performance of the rodent SCI models.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Papa
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - I Vismara
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - A Mariani
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via La Masa 19, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - M Barilani
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Unit of Rigenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - S Rimondo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - M De Paola
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via La Masa 19, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - N Panini
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via La Masa 19, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - E Erba
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via La Masa 19, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - E Mauri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - F Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - G Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - L Lazzari
- Unit of Rigenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - P Veglianese
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, Milano 20156, Italy.
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Calogero AM, Viganò M, Budelli S, Galimberti D, Fenoglio C, Cartelli D, Lazzari L, Lehenkari P, Canesi M, Giordano R, Cappelletti G, Pezzoli G. Microtubule defects in mesenchymal stromal cells distinguish patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2670-2679. [PMID: 29502334 PMCID: PMC5908108 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease whose etiopathogenesis remains elusive. The intraneuronal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Tau, a pivotal protein in regulating microtubules (MT), leads to include PSP into tauopathies. Pathological hallmarks are well known in neural cells but no word yet if PSP‐linked dysfunctions occur also in other cell types. We focused on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that have recently gained attention for therapeutic interventions due to their anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic and trophic properties. Here, we aimed to investigate MSCs biology and to disclose if any disease‐linked defect occurs in this non‐neuronal compartment. First, we found that cells obtained from patients showed altered morphology and growth. Next, Western blotting analysis unravelled the imbalance in α‐tubulin post‐translational modifications and in MT stability. Interestingly, MT mass is significantly decreased in patient cells at baseline and differently changes overtime compared to controls, suggesting their inability to efficiently remodel MT cytoskeleton during ageing in culture. Thus, our results provide the first evidence that defects in MT regulation and stability occur and are detectable in a non‐neuronal compartment in patients with PSP. We suggest that MSCs could be a novel model system for unravelling cellular processes implicated in this neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, ex ICP, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cartelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University of Oulu Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Rosaria Giordano
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, ex ICP, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products represent a new generation of medicinal products for regenerative medicine. Since the implementation of the EU regulation for this innovative class of drugs, the academic and hospital institutions have played a central role in their development and manufacture. For these institutions that are not familiar with the industrial context, being in compliance with the pharmaceutical standards is extremely challenging. This report describes how we dealt with some specific issues during our hospital-based GMP experience. Furthermore, we identify as a future perspective the consistent stimulating contribution that a public entity can ensure for advanced therapy medicinal product development and licensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Viganò
- Cell Factory, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Services & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Cell Factory, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Services & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Services & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
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35
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Rosso L, Lazzari L, Montoli M, Damarco F, Barilani M, Vaira V, Santambrogio L, Gatti S, Ferrero S. P-137STEM CELL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN LUNG ISCHAEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY: A NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACH? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Vadalà G, Russo F, Musumeci M, D'Este M, Cattani C, Catanzaro G, Tirindelli MC, Lazzari L, Alini M, Giordano R, Denaro V. Clinically relevant hydrogel-based on hyaluronic acid and platelet rich plasma as a carrier for mesenchymal stem cells: Rheological and biological characterization. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2109-2116. [PMID: 28019703 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc regeneration is quickly moving towards clinical applications. However, it is still missing an ideal injectable hydrogel to support mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) delivery. Herein, a new injectable hydrogel composed of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) blended with batroxobin (BTX) as gelling agent, was designed to generate a clinically relevant cell carrier for disc regeneration. PRP/HA/BTX blend was tested for rheological properties. Amplitude sweep, frequency sweep, and rotational measurements were performed and viscoelastic properties were evaluated. Human MSC encapsulated in PRP/HA/BTX hydrogel were cultured in both growing medium and medium with or without TGF-β1 up to day 21. The amount of glycosaminoglycan was evaluated. Quantitative gene expression evaluation for collagen type II, aggrecan, and Sox 9 was also performed. Rheological tests showed that the hydrogel jellifies in 15 min 20°C and in 3 min at 37°C. Biological test showed that MSCs cultured in the hydrogel maintain high cell viability and proliferation. Human MSC within the hydrogel cultured with or without TGF-β1 showed significantly higher GAG production compared to control medium. Moreover, MSCs in the hydrogel underwent differentiation to chondrocyte-like cells with TGF-β1, as shown by histology and gene expression analysis. This novel hydrogel improves viability and proliferation of MSCs supporting the differentiation process toward chondrocyte-like cells. Rheology tests showed optimal gelation kinetics at room temperature for manipulation and faster gelation after transplantation (37°C). The clinical availability of all components of the hydrogel will allow a rapid translation of this regenerative approach into the clinical scenario. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2109-2116, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Vadalà
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy.,Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Russo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Musumeci
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Cattani
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Catanzaro
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
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37
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Sammali E, Alia C, Vegliante G, Colombo V, Giordano N, Pischiutta F, Boncoraglio GB, Barilani M, Lazzari L, Caleo M, De Simoni MG, Gaipa G, Citerio G, Zanier ER. Intravenous infusion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells promotes functional recovery and neuroplasticity after ischemic stroke in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6962. [PMID: 28761170 PMCID: PMC5537246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07274-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSC) promotes functional recovery after stroke in animal models, but the mechanisms underlying these effects remain incompletely understood. We tested the efficacy of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) compliant hBM-MSC, injected intravenously 3.5 hours after injury in mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo). We addressed whether hBM-MSC are efficacious and if this efficacy is associated with cortical circuit reorganization using neuroanatomical analysis of GABAergic neurons (parvalbumin; PV-positive cells) and perineuronal nets (PNN), a specialized extracellular matrix structure which acts as an inhibitor of neural plasticity. tMCAo mice receiving hBM-MSC, showed early and lasting improvement of sensorimotor and cognitive functions compared to control tMCAo mice. Furthermore, 5 weeks post-tMCAo, hBM-MSC induced a significant rescue of ipsilateral cortical neurons; an increased proportion of PV-positive neurons in the perilesional cortex, suggesting GABAergic interneurons preservation; and a lower percentage of PV-positive cells surrounded by PNN, indicating an enhanced plastic potential of the perilesional cortex. These results show that hBM-MSC improve functional recovery and stimulate neuroprotection after stroke. Moreover, the downregulation of “plasticity brakes” such as PNN suggests that hBM-MSC treatment stimulates plasticity and formation of new connections in the perilesional cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Sammali
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa,19, 20156, Milano, Italy.,Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Alia
- Neuroscience Institute, CNR, Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Vegliante
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa,19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Colombo
- Laboratory for Cell and Gene Therapy "Stefano Verri", ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.,Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Nadia Giordano
- Neuroscience Institute, CNR, Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischiutta
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa,19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio B Boncoraglio
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Maria-Grazia De Simoni
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa,19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gaipa
- Laboratory for Cell and Gene Therapy "Stefano Verri", ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.,Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Citerio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Neurointensive Care, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa,19, 20156, Milano, Italy.
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Ragni E, Banfi F, Barilani M, Cherubini A, Parazzi V, Larghi P, Dolo V, Bollati V, Lazzari L. Extracellular Vesicle-Shuttled mRNA in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Communication. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1093-1105. [PMID: 28164431 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells able to differentiate into several cell types, hence providing cell reservoirs for therapeutic applications. The absence of detectable MSC homing at injury sites suggests that paracrine functions could, at least in part, be mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs); EVs are newly identified players that are studied mainly as predictive or diagnostic biomarkers. Together with their clinical interests, EVs have recently come to the fore for their role in cell-to-cell communication. In this context, we investigated gene-based communication mechanisms in EVs generated by bone marrow and umbilical cord blood MSC (BMMSC and CBMSC, respectively). Both MSC types released vesicles with similar physical properties, although CBMSC were able to secrete EVs with faster kinetics. A pattern of preferentially incorporated EV transcripts was detected with respect to random internalization from the cytosol, after a validated normalization procedure was established. In the paradigm where EVs act as bioeffectors educating target cells, we demonstrated that kidney tubular cells lacking IL-10 expression and exposed to BMMSC-EVs and CBMSC-EVs acquired the IL-10 mRNA, which was efficiently translated into the corresponding protein. These findings suggest that horizontal mRNA transfer through EVs is a new mechanism in the MSC restoring ability observed in vivo that is here further demonstrated in an in vitro rescue model after acute cisplatin injury of tubular cells. Stem Cells 2017;35:1093-1105.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ragni
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Banfi
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Parazzi
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Larghi
- Autoimmunity Program, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.,Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Astori G, Amati E, Alghisi A, Bernardi M, Borghero C, Budelli S, Chieregato K, Elice F, Giordano R, Lazzari L, Lievore C, Montelatici E, Montemurro T, Raimondi R, Sella S, Tagliaferri C, Rodeghiero F. Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Graft-Versus Host Disease Following Hematological Stem Cell Transplantation. Cytotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Conti A, Rota F, Ragni E, Favero C, Motta V, Lazzari L, Bollati V, Fustinoni S, Dieci G. Hydroquinone induces DNA hypomethylation-independent overexpression of retroelements in human leukemia and hematopoietic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:691-695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Montemurro T, Budelli S, Viganò M, Lavazza C, Montelatici E, Lazzari L, Petrella F, Spaggiari L, Giordano R. Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products for Unmet Clinical Needs: Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell to Treat Airway Defects. Cytotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.03.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Montemurro T, Viganò M, Ragni E, Barilani M, Parazzi V, Boldrin V, Lavazza C, Montelatici E, Banfi F, Lauri E, Giovanelli S, Baccarin M, Guerneri S, Giordano R, Lazzari L. Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells from cord blood: soluble factors and extracellular vesicles for cell regeneration. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:228-38. [PMID: 27139721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent work, our group showed the existence of two distinct mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) subsets within human umbilical cord blood. One less proliferative and short-living (SL-CBMSC), the other with higher growth rate and long-living (LL-CBMSC), and therefore better suited for regenerative medicine applications. We examined whether LL-CBMSC possess peculiar paracrine properties able to affect angiogenesis or inflammatory processes. It was shown for the first time that pro-angiogenic, proliferation-stimulating and tissue repairing factors were released at high level not only as soluble cytokines, but also as mRNA precursors embedded in membrane vesicles. The combination of this primary (proteic factors interacting with surface receptors) and delayed (mRNA transferred and translated via vesicle fusion and cargo release) interaction in endothelial target cells resulted in strong blood vessel induction with the development of capillary-like structures. In addition, LL-CBMSC dynamically modulated their release of pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory factors in an in vitro model of damage. In conclusion, LL-CBMSC synthesize and secrete multiple factors that may be attuned in response to the status of the target cell, a crucial requisite when paracrine mechanisms are needed at onset of tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Montemurro
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Parazzi
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Boldrin
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Banfi
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lauri
- Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giovanelli
- Milano Cord Blood Bank, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Baccarin
- Laboratorio Citogenetica e Genetica molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvana Guerneri
- Laboratorio Citogenetica e Genetica molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
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43
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Li M, Corbelli A, Watanabe S, Armelloni S, Ikehata M, Parazzi V, Pignatari C, Giardino L, Mattinzoli D, Lazzari L, Puliti A, Cellesi F, Zennaro C, Messa P, Rastaldi MP. Three-dimensional podocyte-endothelial cell co-cultures: Assembly, validation, and application to drug testing and intercellular signaling studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 86:1-12. [PMID: 26924225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Proteinuria is a common symptom of glomerular diseases and is due to leakage of proteins from the glomerular filtration barrier, a three-layer structure composed by two post-mitotic highly specialized and interdependent cell populations, i.e. glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes, and the basement membrane in between. Despite enormous progresses made in the last years, pathogenesis of proteinuria remains to be completely uncovered. Studies in the field could largely benefit from an in vitro model of the glomerular filter, but such a system has proved difficult to realize. Here we describe a method to obtain and utilize a three-dimensional podocyte-endothelial co-culture which can be largely adopted by the scientific community because it does not rely on special instruments nor on the synthesis of devoted biomaterials. The device is composed by a porous membrane coated on both sides with type IV collagen. Adhesion of podocytes on the upper side of the membrane has to be preceded by VEGF-induced maturation of endothelial cells on the lower side. The co-culture can be assembled with podocyte cell lines as well as with primary podocytes, extending the use to cells derived from transgenic mice. An albumin permeability assay has been extensively validated and applied as functional readout, enabling rapid drug testing. Additionally, the bottom of the well can be populated with a third cell type, which multiplies the possibilities of analyzing more complex glomerular intercellular signaling events. In conclusion, the ease of assembly and versatility of use are the major advantages of this three-dimensional model of the glomerular filtration barrier over existing methods. The possibility to run a functional test that reliably measures albumin permeability makes the device a valid companion in several research applications ranging from drug screening to intercellular signaling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Corbelli
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Bio-imaging Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Shojiro Watanabe
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvia Armelloni
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Masami Ikehata
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Parazzi
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Pignatari
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Giardino
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Deborah Mattinzoli
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Aldamaria Puliti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, via G. Gaslini 5, 16148 Genoa, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16148 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G.Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; Fondazione CEN - European Centre for Nanomedicine, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Zennaro
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, Trieste University, via Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Pia Rastaldi
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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Barilani M, Lavazza C, Boldrin V, Ragni E, Parazzi V, Crosti M, Montelatici E, Giordano R, Lazzari L. A Chemically Defined Medium-Based Strategy to Efficiently Generate Clinically Relevant Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Colonies. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:1501-14. [PMID: 26850072 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x690827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade it has been demonstrated that mesenchymal progenitors are present and can be isolated also from cord blood (CB). Recently, we managed to set up a standard protocol allowing the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with high proliferative potential and multiple differentiation capabilities, whereas the generation rate of MSC-initiating colonies could still be further improved. Herein, we strikingly succeeded in defining some simple and basic culture conditions based on the use of a chemically defined medium that increased the colony isolation efficiency up to almost 80% of processed CB units. Importantly, this result was achieved irrespective of CB unit white blood cell content and time elapsed from delivery, two limiting parameters involved with processing CB units. Thus, this high efficiency is guaranteed without strict selection of the starting material. In addition, since we are profoundly concerned about how different culture conditions can influence cell behavior, we devoted part of this study to in-depth characterization of the established CB-MSC populations to confirm their stemness features in this novel isolation and culture system. Therefore, an extended study of their immunophenotype, including classical pericytic markers, and a detailed molecular analysis addressing telomere length and also stemness-related microRNA contribution were performed. In summary, we propose a straightforward, extremely efficient, and reliable approach to isolate and expand thoroughly characterized CB-MSCs, even when poor-quality CB units are the only available source, or there is no space for an isolation to fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barilani
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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45
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Caron I, Rossi F, Papa S, Aloe R, Sculco M, Mauri E, Sacchetti A, Erba E, Panini N, Parazzi V, Barilani M, Forloni G, Perale G, Lazzari L, Veglianese P. A new three dimensional biomimetic hydrogel to deliver factors secreted by human mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury. Biomaterials 2016; 75:135-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Barilani M, Lavazza C, Viganò M, Montemurro T, Boldrin V, Parazzi V, Montelatici E, Crosti M, Moro M, Giordano R, Lazzari L. Dissection of the cord blood stromal component reveals predictive parameters for culture outcome. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:104-14. [PMID: 25046283 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In regenerative medicine, human cord blood-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (CBMSCs) stand out for their biological peculiarities demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. Here, we present our 9-year experience for the consistent isolation of CBMSCs. Although nearly one CB unit out of two retains the potential to give rise to MSC colonies, only 46% of them can be cultured till low passages (P≥4), but one-fourth of those reaches even higher passages (P≥8). Subsequent characterization for morphological, clonal, differentiation, and proliferation properties revealed two divergent CBMSC behaviors. In particular, a cumulative population doublings cut-off (CPD=15) was identified that undoubtedly distinguishes two growth curves, and different degrees of commitment toward osteogenesis were observed. These data clearly show the existence of at least two distinct CBMSC subsets: one mainly short-living and less proliferative (SL-CBMSCs), the other long-living, with higher growth rate, and, very importantly, with significantly (P≤0.01) longer telomere (LL-CBMSCs). Moreover, significant differences in the immunoprofile before seeding were found among CB units giving rise to LL-CBMSCs or SL-CBMSCs or showing no colony formation. Finally, all the aforementioned results provided a peculiar and useful set of parameters potentially predictive for CBMSC culture outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barilani
- 1 Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano, Italy
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Forte D, Ciciarello M, Valerii MC, De Fazio L, Cavazza E, Giordano R, Parazzi V, Lazzari L, Laureti S, Rizzello F, Cavo M, Curti A, Lemoli RM, Spisni E, Catani L. Human cord blood-derived platelet lysate enhances the therapeutic activity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from Crohn's disease patients in a mouse model of colitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:170. [PMID: 26353774 PMCID: PMC4564981 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used for auto-immune disease treatment. Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis are two major inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), resulting from pathological immune responses to environmental or microbial antigens. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that MSC-based cellular therapy hold promising potential for IBD treatment. However, open issues include the selection of the proper cell dose, the source and the optimal route of administration of MSCs for more effective results. Platelet lysate has gained clinical interest due to its efficacy in accelerating wound healing. Thus, we propose to combine the administration of MSCs with a human umbilical cord blood-derived platelet lysate (hCBPL) as a novel strategy to improve MSC-based therapy for IBD resolution. Methods Colitis was induced in 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice by daily oral administration of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) (1.5 % w/v in tap water) for 9 days. MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue of CD patients (adCD-MSCs), expanded in proliferation medium, resuspended in hCBPL or PBS and administrated via enema for three times (1 × 106 cells/mouse/time) every other day starting on day +7 from DSS induction. The colitis evolution was evaluated by daily monitoring of body weight, stool consistency and bleeding. Histopathological analysis was performed. Inflammatory cytokine plasma levels were determined. adCD-MSCs stained with lipophilic membrane dye Nile Red, were injected in DSS mice as described above. Colon section of mice sacrificed 24 hours after last cell administration, were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Results We found that adCD-MSCs could be easily isolated and expanded from CD patients. Upon injection, adCD-MSCs exerted a therapeutic effect on DSS-induced colitis. Moreover, hCBPL increased adCD-MSCs efficacy by significantly reducing colitis scores, extension of the colon inflamed area and plasma levels of inflammatory mediators. Finally, Nile Red staining of MSCs is very efficient, stable and does not impair their vitality and function. Nile Red-labelling was clearly detected in the colitic area of adCD-MSCs injected mice and it was significantly brighter in the colon sections of mice that had received adCD-MSCs/hCBPL. Conclusions In summary, with this study we propose a novel and promising adCD-MSC/hCBPL-based therapy for refractory IBDs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0166-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Forte
- Institute of Hematology "L. & A. Seràgnoli", Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, via G. Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marilena Ciciarello
- Institute of Hematology "L. & A. Seràgnoli", Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, via G. Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Chiara Valerii
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Biology Unit, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luigia De Fazio
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Biology Unit, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Elena Cavazza
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Biology Unit, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy.
| | - Valentina Parazzi
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy.
| | - Silvio Laureti
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fernando Rizzello
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Michele Cavo
- Institute of Hematology "L. & A. Seràgnoli", Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, via G. Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Antonio Curti
- Institute of Hematology "L. & A. Seràgnoli", Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, via G. Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Roberto M Lemoli
- Chair of Hematology, Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Enzo Spisni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Biology Unit, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lucia Catani
- Institute of Hematology "L. & A. Seràgnoli", Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, via G. Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
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Montemurro T, Viganò M, Budelli S, Montelatici E, Lavazza C, Marino L, Parazzi V, Lazzari L, Giordano R. How we make cell therapy in Italy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:4825-34. [PMID: 26316716 PMCID: PMC4548721 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s80403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the 21st century scenario, new therapeutic tools are needed to take up the social and medical challenge posed by the more and more frequent degenerative disorders and by the aging of population. The recent category of advanced therapy medicinal products has been created to comprise cellular, gene therapy, and tissue engineered products, as a new class of drugs. Their manufacture requires the same pharmaceutical framework as for conventional drugs and this means that industrial, large-scale manufacturing process has to be adapted to the peculiar characteristics of cell-containing products. Our hospital took up the challenge of this new path in the early 2000s; and herein we describe the approach we followed to set up a pharmaceutical-grade facility in a public hospital context, with the aim to share the solutions we found to make cell therapy compliant with the requirements for the production and the quality control of a high-standard medicinal product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Montemurro
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Marino
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Parazzi
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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49
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Budelli S, Perego L, Viganò M, Montemurro T, Arghittu M, Montelatici E, Pozzi C, Lavazza C, Marino L, Parazzi V, Barilani M, Ragni E, Lazzari L, Torresani E, Giordano R. Is it possible to reveal bacterial and fungal contamination in fresh and/or cryopreserved/thawed Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products using a rapid automated system? Results from a GMP validation study. Cytotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.03.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Parazzi V, Lavazza C, Boldrin V, Montelatici E, Pallotti F, Marconi M, Lazzari L. Extensive Characterization of Platelet Gel Releasate From Cord Blood in Regenerative Medicine. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:2573-84. [PMID: 25695232 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x687471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet gel derived from peripheral blood is widely applied in many clinical fields of surgery as biomaterial containing growth factors with high proliferative properties. In 2010, we studied and patented a platelet gel derived from cord blood. In this study, due to the crucial role of the factors released by the platelet gel, we first extended the characterization of its releasate. Using a wide proteomic array and splitting the two components of the releasate, that is, platelets and plasma, we have been able to study their growth factor content. Interestingly, we discovered high levels of hormones and molecules able to support tissue growth in the cord blood platelet gel releasate and, in addition, higher concentrations of several angiogenic factors if compared with the peripheral blood counterpart. On the contrary, the latter was much richer in inflammatory factors. The second aim of our work was to study the effects on cell culture, immunophenotype, and function of mesenchymal stem cells exposed to these two platelet gel releasates as substitute for the animal serum. Since our findings nicely show that the use of the peripheral versus the cord blood platelet gel releasate can differently influence the mesenchymal stem cell commitment, we can suggest that in addition to its peculiar angiogenic properties cord blood platelet gel releasate shows excellent proliferative properties as cell culture supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Parazzi
- Cell Factory, Unit for Cellular Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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