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Jung N, Moreth T, Stelzer EHK, Pampaloni F, Windbergs M. Non-invasive analysis of pancreas organoids in synthetic hydrogels defines material-cell interactions and luminal composition. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5415-5426. [PMID: 34318785 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cultivation of cells forming three-dimensional structures like organoids holds great potential in different fields of life sciences and is gaining increasing interest with regards to clinical applications and personalised medicine. However, conventional hydrogels used as cell cultivation matrices (e.g. Matrigel®) contain animal-derived components in varying quantities, implicating low reproducibility of experiments and limited applicability for clinical use. Based on the strong need for developing novel, well defined, and animal-free hydrogels for 3D cell cultures, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of pancreas organoid cultivation in two synthetic hydrogels. Besides established visualisation techniques to monitor organoid formation and growth, confocal Raman microscopy was used for the first time to evaluate the gel matrices and organoid formation within the gels. The approach revealed so far not accessible information about material-cell interactions and the composition of the organoid lumen in a non-invasive and label-free manner. Confocal Raman microscopy thereby enabled a systematic characterisation of different hydrogels with respect to cell culture compatibility and allowed for the rational selection of a hydrogel formulation to serve as a synthetic and fully defined alternative to animal-derived cultivation matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Till Moreth
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ernst H K Stelzer
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maike Windbergs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Hof L, Moreth T, Koch M, Liebisch T, Kurtz M, Tarnick J, Lissek SM, Verstegen MMA, van der Laan LJW, Huch M, Matthäus F, Stelzer EHK, Pampaloni F. Long-term live imaging and multiscale analysis identify heterogeneity and core principles of epithelial organoid morphogenesis. BMC Biol 2021; 19:37. [PMID: 33627108 PMCID: PMC7903752 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00958-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organoids are morphologically heterogeneous three-dimensional cell culture systems and serve as an ideal model for understanding the principles of collective cell behaviour in mammalian organs during development, homeostasis, regeneration, and pathogenesis. To investigate the underlying cell organisation principles of organoids, we imaged hundreds of pancreas and cholangiocarcinoma organoids in parallel using light sheet and bright-field microscopy for up to 7 days. RESULTS We quantified organoid behaviour at single-cell (microscale), individual-organoid (mesoscale), and entire-culture (macroscale) levels. At single-cell resolution, we monitored formation, monolayer polarisation, and degeneration and identified diverse behaviours, including lumen expansion and decline (size oscillation), migration, rotation, and multi-organoid fusion. Detailed individual organoid quantifications lead to a mechanical 3D agent-based model. A derived scaling law and simulations support the hypotheses that size oscillations depend on organoid properties and cell division dynamics, which is confirmed by bright-field microscopy analysis of entire cultures. CONCLUSION Our multiscale analysis provides a systematic picture of the diversity of cell organisation in organoids by identifying and quantifying the core regulatory principles of organoid morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Hof
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Till Moreth
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Koch
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tim Liebisch
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies and Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marina Kurtz
- Department of Physics, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Tarnick
- Deanery of Biomedical Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susanna M Lissek
- Experimental Medicine and Therapy Research, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Monique M A Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luc J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meritxell Huch
- The Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present address: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Matthäus
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies and Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ernst H K Stelzer
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Dossena M, Piras R, Cherubini A, Barilani M, Dugnani E, Salanitro F, Moreth T, Pampaloni F, Piemonti L, Lazzari L. Standardized GMP-compliant scalable production of human pancreas organoids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:94. [PMID: 32127043 PMCID: PMC7055108 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Organoids are three-dimensional in vitro-grown cell clusters that recapitulate key features of native organs. In regenerative medicine, organoid technology represents a promising approach for the replacement of severely damaged organs, such as the pancreas in patients with type 1 diabetes. Isolation human pancreas organoids (hPOs) in chemically defined serum-free culture media would be a major milestone for this approach. Methods Starting from discarded pancreatic tissues, we developed a large-scale process for obtaining clinically relevant quantities of undifferentiated organoids, obviating enzymatic digestion and operator-dependent pancreatic ducts picking steps. hPO identity was characterized by molecular and flow cytometry analysis. Results This work demonstrates that it is possible to obtain a large-scale production of organoids. We introduced some innovations in the isolation, expansion, and freezing of hPOs from five donors. First of all, the choice of the starting material (islet-depleted pancreas) that allows obtaining a high quantity of hPOs at low passages. On the other hand, we introduced mechanical dissociation and we eliminated the picking step to exclude the operator-depending steps, without affecting the success of the culture (100% success rate). Another important improvement was to replace R-spondin-1 (Rspo1) conditioned medium with Rspo1 recombinant molecule to obtain a well-defined composition of the expansion medium. Finally, we implemented a GMP-compliant freezing protocol. hPOs showed exponential growth with diameter and area that increased three- and eight-fold in 7 days, respectively. Immunophenotypic profile and gene expression analysis revealed that hPOs were composed of ductal (82.33 ± 8.37%), acinar (2.80 ± 1.25%) cells, and pancreatic progenitors (5.81 ± 2.65%). Conclusion This work represents a milestone for a GMP-compliance hPO production and, ultimately, their clinical application as a type 1 diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dossena
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Piras
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Dugnani
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Salanitro
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Till Moreth
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Physical Biology Group, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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