1
|
Xu Y, Wang X, Jiang L, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wang F, Zhang L. Natural hosts and animal models for Rift Valley fever phlebovirus. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1258172. [PMID: 37929288 PMCID: PMC10621046 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1258172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic mosquito-transmitted arbovirus, presenting a serious threat to humans and animals. Susceptible hosts are of great significance for the prevention of RVFV. Appropriate animal models are helpful to better understand the onset and development of diseases, as well as the control measures and vaccine research. This review focuses on the role of animal hosts in the maintenance of the virus, and summarizes the host range of RVFV. We list some common animal models in the process of RVFV research, which would provide some important insights into the prevention and treatment of RVFV, as well as the study of Rift Valley fever (RVF) pathogenesis and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- School of Laboratory Animal and Shandong Laboratory Animal Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Intranasal Exposure to Rift Valley Fever Virus Live-Attenuated Strains Leads to High Mortality Rate in Immunocompetent Mice. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112470. [PMID: 36366567 PMCID: PMC9694885 DOI: 10.3390/v14112470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a pathogenic arthropod-borne virus that can cause serious illness in both ruminants and humans. The virus can be transmitted by an arthropod bite or contact with contaminated fluids or tissues. Two live-attenuated veterinary vaccines-the Smithburn (SB) and Clone 13 (Cl.13)-are currently used during epizootic events in Africa. However, their residual pathogenicity (i.e., SB) or potential of reversion (i.e., Cl.13) causes important adverse effects, strongly limiting their use in the field. In this study, we infected immunocompetent mice with SB or Cl.13 by a subcutaneous or an intranasal inoculation. Interestingly, we found that, unlike the subcutaneous infection, the intranasal inoculation led to a high mortality rate. In addition, we detected high titers and viral N antigen levels in the brain of both the SB- and Cl.13-infected mice. Overall, we unveil a clear correlation between the pathogenicity and the route of administration of both SB and Cl.13, with the intranasal inoculation leading to a stronger neurovirulence and higher mortality rate than the subcutaneous infection.
Collapse
|
3
|
Cartwright HN, Barbeau DJ, Doyle JD, Klein E, Heise MT, Ferris MT, McElroy AK. Genetic diversity of collaborative cross mice enables identification of novel rift valley fever virus encephalitis model. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010649. [PMID: 35834486 PMCID: PMC9282606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an arboviral disease of humans and livestock responsible for severe economic and human health impacts. In humans, RVF spans a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from an acute flu-like illness to severe forms of disease, including late-onset encephalitis. The large variations in human RVF disease are inadequately represented by current murine models, which overwhelmingly die of early-onset hepatitis. Existing mouse models of RVF encephalitis are either immunosuppressed, display an inconsistent phenotype, or develop encephalitis only when challenged via intranasal or aerosol exposure. In this study, the genetically defined recombinant inbred mouse resource known as the Collaborative Cross (CC) was used to identify mice with additional RVF disease phenotypes when challenged via a peripheral foot-pad route to mimic mosquito-bite exposure. Wild-type Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) challenge of 20 CC strains revealed three distinct disease phenotypes: early-onset hepatitis, mixed phenotype, and late-onset encephalitis. Strain CC057/Unc, with the most divergent phenotype, which died of late-onset encephalitis at a median of 11 days post-infection, is the first mouse strain to develop consistent encephalitis following peripheral challenge. CC057/Unc mice were directly compared to C57BL/6 mice, which uniformly succumb to hepatitis within 2–4 days of infection. Encephalitic disease in CC057/Unc mice was characterized by high viral RNA loads in brain tissue, accompanied by clearance of viral RNA from the periphery, low ALT levels, lymphopenia, and neutrophilia. In contrast, C57BL/6 mice succumbed from hepatitis at 3 days post-infection with high viral RNA loads in the liver, viremia, high ALT levels, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The identification of a strain of CC mice as an RVFV encephalitis model will allow for future investigation into the pathogenesis and treatment of RVF encephalitic disease and indicates that genetic background makes a major contribution to RVF disease variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haley N. Cartwright
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, and Center for Vaccine Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dominique J. Barbeau
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, and Center for Vaccine Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Doyle
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, and Center for Vaccine Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ed Klein
- University of Pittsburgh, Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark T. Heise
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Martin T. Ferris
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anita K. McElroy
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, and Center for Vaccine Research, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pollaci G, Gorla G, Potenza A, Carrozzini T, Canavero I, Bersano A, Gatti L. Novel Multifaceted Roles for RNF213 Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094492. [PMID: 35562882 PMCID: PMC9099590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring Finger Protein 213 (RNF213), also known as Mysterin, is the major susceptibility factor for Moyamoya Arteriopathy (MA), a progressive cerebrovascular disorder that often leads to brain stroke in adults and children. Although several rare RNF213 polymorphisms have been reported, no major susceptibility variant has been identified to date in Caucasian patients, thus frustrating the attempts to identify putative therapeutic targets for MA treatment. For these reasons, the investigation of novel biochemical functions, substrates and unknown partners of RNF213 will help to unravel the pathogenic mechanisms of MA and will facilitate variant interpretations in a diagnostic context in the future. The aim of the present review is to discuss novel perspectives regarding emerging RNF213 roles in light of recent literature updates and dissect their relevance for understanding MA and for the design of future research studies. Since its identification, RNF213 involvement in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis has strengthened, together with its role in inflammatory signals and proliferation pathways. Most recent studies have been increasingly focused on its relevance in antimicrobial activity and lipid metabolism, highlighting new intriguing perspectives. The last area could suggest the main role of RNF213 in the proteasome pathway, thus reinforcing the hypotheses already previously formulated that depict the protein as an important regulator of the stability of client proteins involved in angiogenesis. We believe that the novel evidence reviewed here may contribute to untangling the complex and still obscure pathogenesis of MA that is reflected in the lack of therapies able to slow down or halt disease progression and severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Pollaci
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Neurology IX Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Gemma Gorla
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Neurology IX Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Antonella Potenza
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Neurology IX Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Tatiana Carrozzini
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Neurology IX Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Isabella Canavero
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Bersano
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Laura Gatti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Neurology IX Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-23942389
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The ring finger protein 213 gene (Rnf213) contributes to Rift Valley fever resistance in mice. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:30-37. [PMID: 33420513 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-020-09856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging viral zoonosis that primarily affects ruminants and humans. We have previously shown that wild-derived MBT/Pas mice are highly susceptible to RVF virus and that part of this phenotype is controlled by a locus located on distal Chromosome 11. Using congenic strains, we narrowed down the critical interval to a 530 kb region containing five protein-coding genes among which Rnf213 emerged as a potential candidate. We generated Rnf213-deficient mice by CRISPR/CAS9 on the C57BL/6 J background and showed that they were significantly more susceptible to RVF than control mice, with an average survival time post-infection reduced from 7 to 4 days. The human RNF213 gene had been associated with the cerebrovascular Moyamoya disease (MMD or MYMY) but the inactivation of this gene in the mouse resulted only in mild anomalies of the neovascularization. This study provides the first evidence that the Rnf213 gene may also impact the resistance to infectious diseases such as RVF.
Collapse
|