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Araújo NM, Rubio IGS, Toneto NPA, Morale MG, Tamura RE. The use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy and vaccine approaches. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220079. [PMID: 36206378 PMCID: PMC9543183 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus was first identified in the 1950s and since then this pathogenic group
of viruses has been explored and transformed into a genetic transfer vehicle.
Modification or deletion of few genes are necessary to transform it into a
conditionally or non-replicative vector, creating a versatile tool capable of
transducing different tissues and inducing high levels of transgene expression.
In the early years of vector development, the application in monogenic diseases
faced several hurdles, including short-term gene expression and even a fatality.
On the other hand, an adenoviral delivery strategy for treatment of cancer was
the first approved gene therapy product. There is an increasing interest in
expressing transgenes with therapeutic potential targeting the cancer hallmarks,
inhibiting metastasis, inducing cancer cell death or modulating the immune
system to attack the tumor cells. Replicative adenovirus as vaccines may be even
older and date to a few years of its discovery, application of non-replicative
adenovirus for vaccination against different microorganisms has been
investigated, but only recently, it demonstrated its full potential being one of
the leading vaccination tools for COVID-19. This is not a new vector nor a new
technology, but the result of decades of careful and intense work in this
field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Meneses Araújo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ileana Gabriela Sanchez Rubio
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Diadema, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Ciências
Moleculares da Tireóide, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Mirian Galliote Morale
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Diadema, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Ciências
Moleculares da Tireóide, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Esaki Tamura
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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Rosengarten JF, Schatz S, Wolf T, Barbe S, Stitz J. Components of a HIV-1 vaccine mediate virus-like particle (VLP)-formation and display of envelope proteins exposing broadly neutralizing epitopes. Virology 2022; 568:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cho E, Ryu EJ, Jiang F, Jeon UB, Cho M, Kim CH, Kim M, Kim ND, Hwang TH. Preclinical safety evaluation of hepatic arterial infusion of oncolytic poxvirus. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:2467-2474. [PMID: 30122903 PMCID: PMC6087018 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s171269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Oncolytic poxvirus has shown promise in treating various solid tumors, such as liver cancer, and administration of oncolytic poxvirus via the hepatic artery may provide more survival benefits than other routes of administration. However, there is a lack of safety information to guide the application of hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of oncolytic poxvirus in human studies. To investigate the acute and chronic toxicity of HAI administration of oncolytic poxvirus in animals and provide safety information for future human studies. Methods VVtk-, a vaccinia poxvirus with inactivated thymidine kinase gene, was administered via HAI to rabbits with normal liver function under angiography (1×108 or 1×109 pfu), and rats with N-nitrosomorpholine-induced precancerous liver cirrhosis under open surgery (1×108 pfu). Body weights and survival were monitored and blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical tests. Distribution of A56 (a specific marker for poxvirus infection) in rabbit organs was evaluated using immunofluorescence assays. Results HAI of high doses of VVtk- did not cause any acute or chronic changes in body weight, survival or in biochemical, hematological tests in the 2 animal models, and none of the changes showed dose dependency (in rabbit study), or were influenced by liver cirrhosis (in rat study). A56 was not detected in any of the major rabbit organs. Conclusion HAI may provide a safe alternative route of oncolytic poxvirus administration for human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euna Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, .,Department of Research and Development, Bionoxx Inc, Seongnam-si, Korea,
| | - Eun Jin Ryu
- Department of Research and Development, Bionoxx Inc, Seongnam-si, Korea, .,Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Fen Jiang
- Department of Research and Development, Bionoxx Inc, Seongnam-si, Korea, .,School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ung Bae Jeon
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Mong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, .,Department of Research and Development, Bionoxx Inc, Seongnam-si, Korea,
| | - Cy Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea,
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea,
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Pusan Cancer Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, .,Department of Research and Development, Bionoxx Inc, Seongnam-si, Korea,
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Sperling J, Schäfer T, Benz-Weißer A, Ziemann C, Scheuer C, Kollmar O, Schilling MK, Menger MD. Hepatic arterial infusion but not systemic application of cetuximab in combination with oxaliplatin significantly reduces growth of CC531 colorectal rat liver metastases. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28:555-62. [PMID: 23242249 PMCID: PMC3639362 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-012-1617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Systemic chemotherapy still represents the gold standard in the treatment of irresectable colorectal liver metastases. Modern anticancer agents like the monoclonal antibody cetuximab have improved the outcome of patients in clinical studies. As hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) is capable to potentially increase the anticancer effect of cytostatics, we herein studied whether HAI of cetuximab (CE) as a single agent or in combination with oxaliplatin (OX) exerts increased anticancer effects compared to the systemic application (SYS) of the drugs. METHODS WAG/Rij rats were randomized to eight groups and underwent 10 days after subcapsular hepatic tumor implantation either HAI or SYS of CE, OX, or the combination of both agents (CE + OX). Saline-treated animals served as controls. Tumor volume was measured at days 10 and 13 using three-dimensional ultrasound. On day 13, liver and tumor tissue was sampled for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS In controls, the tumor volume significantly increased from day 10 to 13. Application of OX alone via HAI or SYS did not inhibit tumor growth compared to controls. SYS of CE or CE + OX did also not reduce tumor growth. In contrast, HAI of CE and CE + OX significantly inhibited tumor growth. HAI of CE significantly reduced tumor vascularization as measured by the number of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-positive cells and significantly increased the number of apoptotic tumor cells as measured by the cellular caspase-3 expression. CONCLUSION HAI of CE and CE + OX reduces tumor growth of colorectal rat liver metastases involving the inhibition of angiogenesis and induction of tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Sperling
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Thilo Schäfer
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anna Benz-Weißer
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christian Ziemann
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Claudia Scheuer
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Otto Kollmar
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Martin K. Schilling
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Cisplatin-loaded gelatin-poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles: Synthesis, antitumor efficiency in vivo and penetration in tumors. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:142-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ding D, Zhu Z, Li R, Li X, Wu W, Jiang X, Liu B. Nanospheres-incorporated implantable hydrogel as a trans-tissue drug delivery system. ACS NANO 2011; 5:2520-2534. [PMID: 21428432 DOI: 10.1021/nn102138u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the anticancer efficacy of a drug delivery system comprised of gelatin hydrogel (jelly) containing cisplatin (CDDP)-loaded gelatin/poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles by peritumoral implantation and to compare the treatment response between the implantation administration of the jelly and intravenous (i.v.) administration of the nanoparticles. It is found that the implantation of the jelly containing CDDP-loaded nanoparticles on tumor tissue exhibited significantly superior efficacy in impeding tumor growth and prolonging the lifetime of mice than that of i.v. injection of CDDP-loaded nanoparticles in a murine hepatoma H(22) cancer model. An in vivo biodistribution assay performed on tumor-bearing mice demonstrated that the jelly implant caused much higher concentration and retention of CDDP in tumor and lower CDDP accumulation in nontarget organs than that of i.v. injected nanoparticles. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the nanoparticles from the jelly can be distributed in tumor tissue not only by their diffusion but also by the vasculature in the implantation region into tumor interior, enabling CDDP to efficiently reach more viable cells of tumor compared with i.v. injected nanoparticles. Thus, nanoparticles for peritumoral chemotherapy are promising for higher treatment efficacy due to increased tumor-to-normal organ drug uptake ratios and improved drug penetration in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ding
- Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry and Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Greenall SA, Tyack SG, Johnson MA, Sapats SI. Antibody fragments, expressed by a fowl adenovirus vector, are able to neutralize infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Pathol 2011; 39:339-48. [PMID: 20954010 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2010.507239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Single-chain variable fragments (scFv) contain the heavy and light chain variable domains of immunoglobulin, joined by a short peptide linker. Previously, our laboratory has produced neutralizing scFv to epitopes of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The in vitro delivery and expression of one of these scFv with and without the C(H)2-C(H)4 Fc domain of chicken IgY attached (scFv-Fc) by a serotype 8 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-8) vector was investigated in the present study. A panel of FAdV-8 vectors was constructed, each containing a different transgene (scFv or scFv-Fc), a different promoter to drive scFv and scFv-Fc transcription (CMVie or the fowl adenovirus major late promoter), and a different sized, right-hand end genomic deletion (52 bp or 2.3 kb). This panel was used to establish what effect these variables had on protein production, viral replication and scFv transcription, as measured by enzyme-linked imunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that, using a FAdV-8 vector containing the optimal CMVie promoter/2.3 kb deletion combination, we successfully expressed a secreted form of both scFv and scFv-Fc that were able to neutralize IBDV both in vitro and in ovo. These studies indicate that the FAdV-8 vector may be a promising candidate to deliver and express therapeutic molecules such as scFv and scFv-Fc in vivo in poultry.
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Pencavel T, Seth R, Hayes A, Melcher A, Pandha H, Vile R, Harrington KJ. Locoregional intravascular viral therapy of cancer: precision guidance for Paris's arrow? Gene Ther 2010; 17:949-60. [PMID: 20445580 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Viral therapy of cancer includes strategies such as viral transduction of tumour cells with 'suicide genes', using viral infection to trigger immune-mediated tumour cell death and using oncolytic viruses for their direct anti-tumour action. However, problems still remain in terms of adequate viral delivery to tumours. A role is also emerging for single-organ isolation and perfusion. Having begun with the advent of isolated limb perfusion for extremity malignancy, experimental systems have been developed for the perfusion of other organs, particularly the liver, kidneys and lungs. These are beginning to be adopted into clinical treatment pathways. The combination of these two modalities is potentially significant. Locoregional perfusion increases the exposure of tumour cells to viral agents. In addition, the avoidance of systemic elimination through the immune and reticulo-endothelial systems should provide a mechanism for increased transduction/infection of target cells. The translation of laboratory research to clinical practice would occur within the context of perfusion programmes, which are already established in the clinic. Many of these programmes include the use of vasoactive cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, which may have an effect on viral uptake. Evidence of activation of specific anti-tumour immunological responses by intratumoural and other existing methods of viral administration raises the intriguing possibility of a locoregional therapy, with the ability to affect distant sites of disease. In this review, we examined the state of the literature in this area and summarized current findings before indicating likely areas of continuing interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pencavel
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, and Sarcoma/Melanoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Mok W, Stylianopoulos T, Boucher Y, Jain RK. Mathematical modeling of herpes simplex virus distribution in solid tumors: implications for cancer gene therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:2352-60. [PMID: 19318482 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although oncolytic viral vectors show promise for the treatment of various cancers, ineffective initial distribution and propagation throughout the tumor mass often limit the therapeutic response. A mathematical model is developed to describe the spread of herpes simplex virus from the initial injection site. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The tumor is modeled as a sphere of radius R. The model incorporates reversible binding, interstitial diffusion, viral degradation, and internalization and physiologic parameters. Three species are considered as follows: free interstitial virus, virus bound to cell surfaces, and internalized virus. RESULTS This analysis reveals that both rapid binding and internalization as well as hindered diffusion contain the virus to the initial injection volume, with negligible spread to the surrounding tissue. Unfortunately, increasing the dose to saturate receptors and promote diffusion throughout the tumor is not a viable option: the concentration necessary would likely compromise safety. However, targeted modifications to the virus that decrease the binding affinity have the potential to increase the number of infected cells by 1.5-fold or more. An increase in the effective diffusion coefficient can result in similar gains. CONCLUSIONS This analysis suggests criteria by which the potential response of a tumor to oncolytic herpes simplex virus therapy can be assessed. Furthermore, it reveals the potential of modifications to the vector delivery method, physicochemical properties of the virus, and tumor extracellular matrix composition to enhance efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Mok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Edwin L Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Sajja HK, East MP, Mao H, Wang AY, Nie S, Yang L. Development of multifunctional nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and noninvasive imaging of therapeutic effect. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2009; 6:43-51. [PMID: 19275541 PMCID: PMC3108242 DOI: 10.2174/157016309787581066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary scientific field undergoing explosive development. Nanometer-sized particles offer novel structural, optical and electronic properties that are not attainable with individual molecules or bulk solids. Advances in nanomedicine can be made by engineering biodegradable nanoparticles such as magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, polymers, dendrimers and liposomes that are capable of targeted delivery of both imaging agents and anticancer drugs. This leads toward the concept and possibility of personalized medicine for the potential of early detection of cancer lesions, determination of molecular signatures of the tumor by noninvasive imaging and, most importantly, molecular targeted cancer therapy. Increasing evidence suggests that the nanoparticles, whose surface contains a targeting molecule that binds to receptors highly expressed in tumor cells, can serve as cancer image contrast agents to increase sensitivity and specificity in tumor detection. In comparison with other small molecule contrast agents, the advantage of using nanoparticles is their large surface area and the possibility of surface modifications for further conjugation or encapsulation of large amounts of therapeutic agents. Targeted nanoparticles ferry large doses of therapeutic agents into malignant cells while sparing the normal healthy cells. Such multifunctional nanodevices hold the promise of significant improvement of current clinical management of cancer patients. This review explores the development of nanoparticles for enabling and improving the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, the potential of nanomedicine, and the development of novel and more effective diagnostic and screening techniques to extend the limits of molecular diagnostics providing point-of-care diagnosis and more personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Sajja
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Michael P. East
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | | | - Shuming Nie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Lily Yang
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Surgery and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Room C-4088, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322; Tel: 404-778-4269; Fax: 404-778-5530;
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Nanotechnology platforms and physiological challenges for cancer therapeutics. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2007; 3:103-10. [PMID: 17442621 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Revised: 12/17/2006] [Accepted: 12/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is considered to be an emerging, disruptive technology that will have significant impact in all industrial sectors and across-the-board applications in cancer research. There has been tremendous investment in this area and an explosion of research and development efforts in recent years, particularly in the area of cancer research. At the National Institutes of Health, nanomedicine is one of the priority areas under its Roadmap Initiatives. Moreover, in 2005 the National Cancer Institute alone committed $144.3 million over 5 years for its Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer program. Much research and development is progressing in the areas of cancer diagnostics, devices, biosensors, and microfluidics, but this review will focus on therapeutics. Current nanotechnology platforms for cancer therapeutics encompass a vast array of nanomaterials and nanodevices. This review will focus on six of the most prominent and most widely studied: nanoshells, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, quantum dots, superparamagnetic nanoparticles, and liposomes. All of these nanotechnology platforms can be multifunctional, so they are frequently touted as "smart" or "intelligent." This review will discuss the shared approaches in the design and development of these nanotechnology platforms that bestow such characteristics to the nanoparticles. Finally, the review will raise awareness of the physiological challenges for the application of these therapeutic nanotechnologies, in light of some recent advances in our understanding of tumor biology.
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Brunstein F, Eggermont AMM, de Wiel-Ambagtsheer GA, van Tiel ST, Rens J, ten Hagen TLM. Synergistic antitumor effects of histamine plus melphalan in isolated hepatic perfusion for liver metastases. Ann Surg Oncol 2006; 14:795-801. [PMID: 17096052 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-006-9208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Revised: 07/25/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonresectable primary and metastatic liver tumors remain an important clinical problem. Melphalan-based isolated hepatic perfusion (M-IHP) leads to more than 70% objective responses in selective groups of patients with nonresectable metastases confined to the liver. Complete responses are rare and progression-free survival is limited. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a very active agent in isolated limb perfusion, is linked to serious hepatotoxicity, restricting its use in IHP. Because of its vasoactive properties, histamine (Hi) is an alternative to TNF. In this article we evaluate its potential synergistic effect in M-IHP, improving response rates. METHODS Our experimental rat IHP model is used for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma liver metastases. Blood samples are collected for monitoring liver enzymes. Livers are excised 72 h and 7 days after treatment for histologic evaluation. RESULTS After sham-IHP and Hi-IHP, tumor progression was observed in 100% of treated animals, while after M-IHP this number fell to 62% and after Hi + M-IHP it fell to only 22% (P = 0.006). Overall response rates were of 55% for Hi + M-IHP vs. 25% for M-IHP, and, more importantly, complete responses (CR) were observed only after Hi + M-IHP (22%) (P = 0.009). Hepatotoxicity peaked within 24 h after IHP, independent of the treatment administered, recovered in 48 h, and was related mainly to the elevation of transaminases (grade 3 ASAT and grade 1 ALAT for control group and grades 3 and 4, respectively, for all other treatments). No serious systemic toxicity was observed. Histology of the liver showed no serious damage. CONCLUSION Hi + M-IHP has synergistic antitumor effects without any increase in regional or systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Brunstein
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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van Etten B, Eggermont AMM, Ambagtsheer G, van Tiel ST, ten Hagen TLM. Impaired neutralising antibody formation and high transduction efficacy after isolated hepatic perfusion with adenoviral vectors. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:1610-3. [PMID: 15480435 PMCID: PMC2409916 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Local adenoviral gene transfer can be performed by means of isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP). This methodology is a very effective and safe way to deliver adenoviral vectors. We studied the immune response after IHP. A decreased neutralising antibody formation was observed, offering possibilities for further research in the field of gene therapy in isolated perfusion settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- B van Etten
- Erasmus University Medical Centre-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A M M Eggermont
- Erasmus University Medical Centre-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus University Medical Centre-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands. E-mail:
| | - G Ambagtsheer
- Erasmus University Medical Centre-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S T van Tiel
- Erasmus University Medical Centre-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T L M ten Hagen
- Erasmus University Medical Centre-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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de Wilt JHW, van Etten B, Verhoef C, Eggermont AMM. Isolated hepatic perfusion: experimental evidence and clinical utility. Surg Clin North Am 2004; 84:627-41. [PMID: 15062665 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6109(03)00233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many patients with tumors confined to the liver are not amenable for surgical resection, and an increasing number of these patients are treated by local ablation methods. Isolated hepatic perfusion is another treatment option especially suitable for patients with multiple or bulky primary or metastatic tumors. and can mediate clinical regression of advanced liver metastases. Experience with IHP is still limited to a few centers in the world because of its technical difficulties, surgery-related morbidity, and unproven efficacy. IHP remains an experimental modality restricted to specialized units dedicated to treating this difficult group of patients. Experimental animal IHP models have led us to explore new ways of improving efficacy, reducing technical difficulties, and minimizing regional and systemic toxicity. Future research should be directed to the identification of suitable biological or chemotherapeutic agents, defining clinical indications, and development of technical modifications to make it more generally applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H W de Wilt
- Erasmus MC (University Medical Center Rotterdam)-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Germann A, Dihlmann S, Hergenhahn M, Doeberitz MVK, Koesters R. Expression profiling of CC531 colon carcinoma cells reveals similar regulation of beta-catenin target genes by both butyrate and aspirin. Int J Cancer 2003; 106:187-97. [PMID: 12800193 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The CC531 cell line has been widely used to study different aspects of tumor growth and metastasis and provides an excellent experimental platform to develop novel antitumor strategies. To characterize the CC531 model at the molecular level, we screened for mutations in genes covering important signal-transduction pathways that are known to play major roles during colon carcinogenesis, the wnt and the ki-ras signaling pathways. We found both a prototypic beta-catenin (Ctnnb1) mutation (Thr(41)Ile) and a ki-ras (G12D) mutation, providing unambiguous evidence for the constitutive activation of these pathways in CC531 cells. We further established comprehensive gene expression profiles of CC531 cells and investigated the molecular response to 2 antitumor drugs, butyrate and aspirin. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we screened the expression levels of 7,700 genes and identified a total of 398 genes whose expression was significantly changed upon treatment with butyrate. When using aspirin, 121 genes were significantly altered. Interestingly, 36 genes were regulated by both butyrate and aspirin and 35 of them were regulated in the same direction. We found 7 differentially expressed genes, cyclin D1, cyclin E, c-myc, Fosl1, c-fos, Cd44 and follistatin, which are known targets of the beta-catenin and/or the ras pathway. In all cases, butyrate and aspirin reversed the changes in expression normally found in response to active signaling of these oncogenic pathways. The microarray data are available (http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Germann
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common type of malignancy in Western nations. Improvements in surgical and radiotherapeutic techniques and the increased availability of new cytotoxic drugs have improved outcome, but 50% of patients still die from recurrent or metastatic disease. Several features of its natural history render CRC a good candidate for gene therapy. Techniques include gene replacement, virus-directed enzyme-prodrug therapy, immune manipulation and virotherapy, all of which have entered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kerr
- National Translational Cancer Research Network, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK.
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer is an important public health problem worldwide. Gene therapy has therapeutic potential for patients with advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer, incurable by conventional treatments. To date, many strategies of gene therapy have been explored, including mutant gene correction, prodrug activation, immune stimulation and genetically-modified oncolytic viruses. Although the preclinical results of gene therapy for colorectal cancer have shown promise, gene therapy is still at an early stage of clinical development and has not yet shown a significant therapeutic benefit for patients. The main obstacles for introduction of gene therapy to patients are poor targeting selectivity of the vectors and inefficient gene transfer. As the science supporting tumour-selective vectors evolves, gene therapy may expand rapidly in the clinical practice of colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Kerr
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Radcliffe Infirmary, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6HE, UK
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