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Chen H, Yao J, Shan Z, Wei Y, You S, Li D, Zhang Y. To Assess the Role of microRNA-451 in the Progression and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1044-1057. [PMID: 37318687 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the expression of miR451 in colorectal cancer (CRC) subjects with CRC cells, and the role of miR451 in colorectal cancer cells. In October 2020, ATC purchased CRC and normal mucosal cell lines of CRC and implanted them in DMEM with 10% fetal serum. The suitability of the HT29 cell line is verified using the STR profile. In an incubator with 5% CO2, enlarged cells were placed at 37 °C. TCGA data was used to select the top 120 patients with a high voice and the lowest 120 patients with a low voice. Cells were collected and coated with Annexin V and PE according to the manufacturer's instructions after 24.0 h. After that, the cells were separated. Cells were also tested using flow cytometry. HCT-120 cells were transplanted into a concentration of 5×105/ml cells in 6-source plates. HCT120 cells in the experimental group were combined with miR451 mimics, miR451 inhibitors, or miR451 miR + SMAD4B for 12 h at 37 °C, and cells were collected 24 h later at 37 °C. The sample was injected with 5 ml of Annexin VFITC and PE. Compared with normal colorectal mucosal cells, CRC cell lines decreased miR451 expression levels (fetal human cells (FHC) and HCoEpiC). Then, the HCT120 cells were transfected with miR451 inhibitors, and 72 h after transfection, say of miR451 was normal. There was a significant decrease in cell function in the miR451mimic groups, but an increase when the miR451 was blocked. The proliferation of cancer cells was prevented and chemotherapy was effective when miR451 was overexpressed. The SMAD4 gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in transmitting chemical signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. The SMAD4B expression was tested by RT-qPCR and Western blotting after 72.0 h of transmission. The mRNA and protein expression of SMAD4B decreased significantly when miR451 was significantly higher than when inhibited, as revealed in the results of this study. Seventy-two hours after transplantation, mRNA levels and SMAD4B proteins were measured in HCT120 cells. In addition, the researchers in this study investigated whether miR451 was associated with SMAD4B-directed control of CRC growth and migration. It was found that SMAD4B is highly expressed in both CRC and para-cancer tissues while using the TCGA database to detect SMAD4B expression. Patients with CRC with SMAD4B have a severe prognosis. MiR451 is sensitive to depressive disorders by targeting SMAD4B, according to these studies. We found that miR451 inhibited cell growth and migration, made CRC cells more readily available in chemotherapy, and did so by targeting SMAD4B. The findings suggest that miR451 and its genetic predisposition, SMAD4B, may help predict the prognosis and course of cancer patients. Treatments that target the miR451/SMAD4B axis may be helpful to people with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Zhili Shan
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - YiJun Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Shijie You
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Dechun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 899 of Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China.
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Johnson CS, Cook LM. Osteoid cell-derived chemokines drive bone-metastatic prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1100585. [PMID: 37025604 PMCID: PMC10070788 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in improving prostate cancer (PCa) survival is in designing new therapies to effectively target bone metastases. PCa regulation of the bone environment has been well characterized; however, bone-targeted therapies have little impact on patient survival, demonstrating a need for understanding the complexities of the tumor-bone environment. Many factors contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for prostate tumors in bone, including cell signaling proteins produced by osteoid cells. Specifically, there has been extensive evidence from both past and recent studies that emphasize the importance of chemokine signaling in promoting PCa progression in the bone environment. Chemokine-focused strategies present promising therapeutic options for treating bone metastasis. These signaling pathways are complex, with many being produced by (and exerting effects on) a plethora of different cell types, including stromal and tumor cells of the prostate tumor-bone microenvironment. This review highlights an underappreciated molecular family that should be interrogated for treatment of bone metastatic prostate cancer (BM-PCa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S. Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Leah M. Cook
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Leah M. Cook,
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3
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Mills JA, Humphries J, Simpson JD, Sonderegger SE, Thurecht KJ, Fletcher NL. Modulating Macrophage Clearance of Nanoparticles: Comparison of Small-Molecule and Biologic Drugs as Pharmacokinetic Modifiers of Soft Nanomaterials. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4080-4097. [PMID: 36069540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicines show benefits in overcoming the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems by reducing side effects, toxicity, and exhibiting enhanced pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles to improve the therapeutic window of small-molecule drugs. However, upon administration, many nanoparticles (NPs) prompt induction of host innate immune responses, which in combination with other clearance pathways such as renal and hepatic, eliminate up to 99% of the administered dose. Here, we explore a drug predosing strategy to transiently suppress the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), subsequently improving the PK profile and biological behaviors exhibited by a model NP system [hyperbranched polymers (HBPs)] in an immunocompetent mouse model. In vitro assays allowed the identification of five drug candidates that attenuated cellular association. Predosing of lead compounds chloroquine (CQ) and zoledronic acid (ZA) further showed increased HBP retention within the circulatory system of mice, as shown by both fluorescence imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Flow cytometric evaluation of spleen and liver tissue cells following intravenous administration further demonstrated that CQ and ZA significantly reduced HBP association with myeloid cells by 23 and 16%, respectively. The results of this study support the use of CQ to pharmacologically suppress the MPS to improve NP PKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Mills
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - James Humphries
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Joshua D Simpson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stefan E Sonderegger
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Lo Presti E, D’Orsi L, De Gaetano A. A Mathematical Model of In Vitro Cellular Uptake of Zoledronic Acid and Isopentenyl Pyrophosphate Accumulation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061262. [PMID: 35745834 PMCID: PMC9227399 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mevalonate pathway is an attractive target for many areas of research, such as autoimmune disorders, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Indeed, manipulating this pathway results in the alteration of malignant cell growth with promising therapeutic potential. There are several pharmacological options to block the mevalonate pathway in cancer cells, one of which is zoledronic acid (ZA) (an N-bisphosphonate (N-BP)), which inhibits the farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase enzyme, inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, inhibition of protein prenylation, and cholesterol reduction, as well as leading to the accumulation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP). We extrapolated the data based on two independently published papers that provide numerical data on the uptake of zoledronic acid (ZA) and the accumulation of IPP (Ag) and its isomer over time by using in vitro human cell line models. Two different mathematical models for IPP kinetics are proposed. The first model (Model 1) is a simpler ordinary differential equation (ODE) compartmental system composed of 3 equations with 10 parameters; the second model (Model 2) is a differential algebraic equation (DAE) system with 4 differential equations, 1 algebraic equation and 13 parameters incorporating the formation of the ZA+enzyme+Ag complex. Each of the two models aims to describe two different experimental situations (continuous and pulse experiments) with the same ZA kinetics. Both models fit the collected data very well. With Model 1, we obtained a prevision accumulation of IPP after 24 h of 169.6 pmol/mgprot/h with an IPP decreasing rate per (pmol/mgprot) of ZA (kXGZ) equal to 13.24/h. With Model 2, we have comprehensive kinetics of IPP upon ZA treatment. We calculate that the IPP concentration was equal to 141.6 pmol/mgprot/h with a decreasing rate/percentage of 0.051 (kXGU). The present study is the first to quantify the influence of ZA on the pharmacodynamics of IPP. While still incorporating a small number of parameters, Model 2 better represents the complexity of the biological behaviour for calculating the IPP produced in different situations, such as studies on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy. In the future, additional clinical studies are warranted to further evaluate and fine-tune dosing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lo Presti
- CNR-IRIB (Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation), National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.L.P.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Laura D’Orsi
- CNR-IASI BioMatLab (Institute of Analysis, Systems and Computer Science), National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea De Gaetano
- CNR-IRIB (Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation), National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- CNR-IASI BioMatLab (Institute of Analysis, Systems and Computer Science), National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (E.L.P.); (A.D.G.)
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5
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The mevalonate pathway in breast cancer biology. Cancer Lett 2022; 542:215761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhang D, Sheng Y, Piano N, Jakuszeit T, Cozens E, Dong L, Buell AK, Pollet A, Lei IM, Wang W, Terentjev E, Huang YYS. Cancer cell migration on straight, wavy, loop and grid microfibre patterns. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 34991078 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac48e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes where the fibrillar morphology of extracellular matrices (ECM) could regulate the migration dynamics. To mimic the morphological characteristics of fibrillar matrix structures, low-voltage continuous electrospinning was adapted to construct straight, wavy, looped and gridded fibre patterns made of polystyrene (of fibre diameter ca. 3 μm). Cells were free to explore their different shapes in response to the directly-adhered fibre, as well as to the neighbouring patterns. For all the patterns studied, analysing cellular migration dynamics of MDA-MB-231 (a highly migratory breast cancer cell line) demonstrated two interesting findings: first, although cells dynamically adjust their shapes and migration trajectories in response to different fibrillar environments, their average step speed is minimally affected by the fibre global pattern; secondly, a switch in behaviour was observed when the pattern features approach the upper limit of the cell body's minor axis, reflecting that cells' ability to divert from an existing fibre track is limited by the size along the cell body's minor axis. It is therefore concluded that the upper limit of cell body's minor axis might act as a guide for the design of microfibre patterns for different purposes of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Yaqi Sheng
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Nicholas Piano
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Theresa Jakuszeit
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Edward Cozens
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Lingqing Dong
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, CHINA
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 227, 061 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
| | - Andreas Pollet
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, 5600 MB, NETHERLANDS
| | - Iek Man Lei
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Eugene Terentjev
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HE, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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Singhatanadgit W, Hankamolsiri W, Janvikul W. Geranylgeraniol prevents zoledronic acid-mediated reduction of viable mesenchymal stem cells via induction of Rho-dependent YAP activation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:202066. [PMID: 34113452 PMCID: PMC8187992 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.202066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Long-term use of zoledronic acid (ZA) increases the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This may be attributed to ZA-mediated reduction of viable mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). ZA inhibits protein geranylgeranylation, thus suppressing cell viability and proliferation. Geranylgeraniol (GGOH), which is a naturally found intermediate compound in the mevalonate pathway, has positive effects against ZA. However, precise mechanisms by which GGOH may help preserve stem cell viability against ZA are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the cytoprotective mechanisms of GGOH against ZA. The results showed that while ZA dramatically decreased the number of viable MSCs, GGOH prevented this negative effect. GGOH-rescued ZA-exposed MSCs formed mineralization comparable to that produced by normal MSCs. Mechanistically, GGOH preserved the number of viable MSCs by its reversal of ZA-mediated Ki67+ MSC number reduction, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, GGOH prevented ZA-suppressed RhoA activity and YAP activation. The results also established the involvement of Rho-dependent YAP and YAP-mediated CDK6 in the cytoprotective ability of GGOH against ZA. In conclusion, GGOH preserves a pool of viable MSCs with osteogenic potency against ZA by rescuing the activity of Rho-dependent YAP activation, suggesting GGOH as a promising agent and YAP as a potential therapeutic target for MRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerachai Singhatanadgit
- Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12121, Thailand
- Research Unit in Mineralized Tissue Reconstruction, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12121, Thailand
| | - Weerawan Hankamolsiri
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wanida Janvikul
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Legigan T, Migianu-Griffoni E, Redouane MA, Descamps A, Deschamp J, Gager O, Monteil M, Barbault F, Lecouvey M. Synthesis and preliminary anticancer evaluation of new triazole bisphosphonate-based isoprenoid biosynthesis inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113241. [PMID: 33571830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new set of triazole bisphosphonates 8a-d and 9a-d presenting an alkyl or phenyl substituent at the C-4 or C-5 position of the triazole ring is described. These compounds have been evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against MIA PaCa-2 (pancreas), MDA-MB-231 (breast) and A549 (lung) human tumor cell lines. 4-hexyl- and 4-octyltriazole bisphosphonates 8b-c both displayed remarkable antiproliferative activities with IC50 values in the micromolar range (0.75-2.4 μM) and were approximately 4 to 12-fold more potent than zoledronate. Moreover, compound 8b inhibits geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis in MIA PaCa-2 cells which ultimately led to tumor cells death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Legigan
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France.
| | - Evelyne Migianu-Griffoni
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Mohamed Abdenour Redouane
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Aurélie Descamps
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Julia Deschamp
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Olivier Gager
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Maëlle Monteil
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Marc Lecouvey
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France.
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Pietrovito L, Comito G, Parri M, Giannoni E, Chiarugi P, Taddei ML. Zoledronic Acid Inhibits the RhoA-mediated Amoeboid Motility of Prostate Cancer Cells. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:807-816. [PMID: 30648509 DOI: 10.2174/1568009619666190115142858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bisphosphonate Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a potent osteoclast inhibitor currently used in the clinic to reduce osteoporosis and cancer-induced osteolysis. Moreover, ZA exerts an anti-tumor effect in several tumors. Despite this evidence, the relevance of ZA in prostate cancer (PCa) is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ZA administration on the invasive properties of PC3 cells, which are characterised by RhoA-dependent amoeboid motility. METHODS The effect of ZA administration on the in vitro invasive properties of PC3 cells was evaluated by cell migration in 3D collagen matrices, immunofluorescence and Boyden assays or transendothelial migration. Lung retention and colonization assays were performed to assess the efficacy of ZA administration in vivo. RESULTS PC3 cells are characterised by RhoA-dependent amoeboid motility. We now report a clear inhibition of in vitro PC3 cell invasion and RhoA activity upon ZA treatment. Moreover, to confirm a specific role of ZA in the inhibition of amoeboid motility of PC3 cells, we demonstrate that ZA interferes only partially with PC3 cells showing a mesenchymal phenotype due to both treatment with conditioned medium of cancer associated fibroblasts or to the acquisition of chemoresistance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ZA impairs adhesion to endothelial cells and the trans-endothelial cell migration, two essential properties characterising amoeboid motility and PC3 metastatic dissemination. In vivo experiments prove the ability of ZA to inhibit the metastatic process of PC3 cells as shown by the decrease in lung colonization. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that ZA inhibits Rho-dependent amoeboid motility of PC3 cells, thus suggesting ZA as a potential therapy to impede the metastatic dissemination of PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pietrovito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Parri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50142 Firenze, Italy.,Tuscany Tumor Institute and "Center for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE", 50134 Florence, Italy
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10
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Al Farii H, Frazer A, Farahdel L, Alfayez S, Weber M. Zoledronic Acid Versus Denosumab for Prevention of Spinal Cord Compression in Advanced Cancers With Spine Metastasis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Global Spine J 2020; 10:784-789. [PMID: 32707021 PMCID: PMC7383788 DOI: 10.1177/2192568219884069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). OBJECTIVES The aim was to analyze the efficacy of zoledronic acid (ZA) versus denosumab in the prevention of spinal cord compression in patients with spine metastases from advanced cancers, by evaluating all available RCTs on this subject. METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed and MEDLINE) was performed to identify all published RCTs comparing ZA with denosumab in prevention of spinal cord compressions in spine metastases. Risk of bias of the studies was assessed. The primary outcomes evaluated were spinal cord compression. RESULTS Three RCTs (5274 patients) were included. Denosumab was not significantly superior to ZA in reducing the likelihood of spinal cord compression, when all tumor types were combined (odds ratio [OR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.66, 1.28], P = .66). Denosumab was not significantly favored over ZA in endodermal origin (breast and prostate; OR 0.72, 95% CI [0.43, 1.19], P = .20) and mesodermal origin tumors (solid tumors and multiple myeloma; OR 1.10, 95% CI [0.72, 1.69], P = .66). CONCLUSION Denosumab does not significantly reduce the likelihood of spinal cord compressions in comparison to ZA in patients with spine metastases. When spinal cord compressions were grouped by tumor origin (endodermal or mesodermal), there remained no significant difference between denosumab and ZA. Further long-term studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of these treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaid Al Farii
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Humaid Al Farii, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 2S8.
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11
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Bisphosphonates Versus Denosumab for Prevention of Pathological Fracture in Advanced Cancers With Bone Metastasis: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS GLOBAL RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2020; 4:e20.00045. [PMID: 32769706 PMCID: PMC7418898 DOI: 10.5435/jaaosglobal-d-20-00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis to the bone is one of the most common complications associated with advanced cancer. Patients with bone metastases are at risk of devastating skeletal related events, including pathological fractures.
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12
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Cholesterol and beyond - The role of the mevalonate pathway in cancer biology. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188351. [PMID: 32007596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted global disease. Transformation of a normal to a malignant cell takes several steps, including somatic mutations, epigenetic alterations, metabolic reprogramming and loss of cell growth control. Recently, the mevalonate pathway has emerged as a crucial regulator of tumor biology and a potential therapeutic target. This pathway controls cholesterol production and posttranslational modifications of Rho-GTPases, both of which are linked to several key steps of tumor progression. Inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway induce pleiotropic antitumor-effects in several human malignancies, identifying the pathway as an attractive candidate for novel therapies. In this review, we will provide an overview about the role and regulation of the mevalonate pathway in certain aspects of cancer initiation and progression and its potential for therapeutic intervention in oncology.
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13
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Rittler D, Baranyi M, Molnár E, Garay T, Jalsovszky I, Varga IK, Hegedűs L, Aigner C, Tóvári J, Tímár J, Hegedűs B. The Antitumor Effect of Lipophilic Bisphosphonate BPH1222 in Melanoma Models: The Role of the PI3K/Akt Pathway and the Small G Protein Rheb. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194917. [PMID: 31623406 PMCID: PMC6801414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most metastatic cancer types, and despite recent success with novel treatment strategies, there is still a group of patients who do not respond to any therapies. Earlier, the prenylation inhibitor hydrophilic bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA) was found to inhibit melanoma growth in vitro, but only a weaker effect was observed in vivo due to its hydrophilic properties. Recently, lipophilic bisphosphonates (such as BPH1222) were developed. Accordingly, for the first time, we compared the effect of BPH1222 to ZA in eight melanoma lines using viability, cell-cycle, clonogenic and spheroid assays, videomicroscopy, immunoblot, and xenograft experiments. Based on 2D and spheroid assays, the majority of cell lines were more sensitive to BPH. The activation of Akt and S6 proteins, but not Erk, was inhibited by BPH. Additionally, BPH had a stronger apoptotic effect than ZA, and the changes of Rheb showed a correlation with apoptosis. In vitro, only M24met cells were more sensitive to ZA than to BPH; however, in vivo growth of M24met was inhibited more strongly by BPH. Here, we present that lipophilic BPH is more effective on melanoma cells than ZA and identify the PI3K pathway, particularly Rheb as an important mediator of growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Rittler
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Marcell Baranyi
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Molnár
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Garay
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
- Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary.
- Oncology Center, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - István Jalsovszky
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry; H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Imre Károly Varga
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry; H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Luca Hegedűs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Duisburg-Essen, D-45239 Essen, Germany.
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Duisburg-Essen, D-45239 Essen, Germany.
| | - József Tóvári
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - József Tímár
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Hegedűs
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Duisburg-Essen, D-45239 Essen, Germany.
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Nasulewicz-Goldeman A, Goldeman W, Mrówczyńska E, Wietrzyk J. Biological effects of aromatic bis[aminomethylidenebis(phosphonic)] acids in osteoclast precursors in vitro. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 94:1835-1848. [PMID: 31356729 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) inhibit bone resorption by preventing osteoclast activity. Most clinically used BPs are hydroxybisphosphonates with the exception of incadronate, which belongs to the class of aminomethylidenebisphosphonic acids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of two previously reported aminobisphosphonates (WG8185B2 and WG9001B) in combination with doxorubicin and cisplatin toward J774E cells (a model of osteoclast precursors in vitro). WG8185B2 and WG9001B BPs enhanced the cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin and cisplatin, especially when applied 24 hr prior to cytostatics. The antiproliferative effect of studied BPs was related to the changes in cell cycle progression. WG8185B2 leads to significant accumulation of J774E cells in S phase, whereas WG9001B causes transient arrest in G2 /M phase, followed by an increase in the percentage of cells in S phase. Moreover, WG8185B2 and WG9001B BPs showed enhanced proapoptotic activity in osteoclast precursors, which was manifested by an increase in caspase-3 activity and percentage of apoptotic cells. In addition, both compounds influenced the motility of J774E cells. The exact molecular mechanism of action of examined BPs remains to be determined; however, results show an interesting biological activity of these compounds, which may be of interest in the context of antiresorptive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nasulewicz-Goldeman
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Mrówczyńska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
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15
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Buranrat B, Bootha S. Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1246-1258. [PMID: 31423185 PMCID: PMC6607035 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are antiresorptive drugs that act as effective inhibitors of cancer cell proliferation. However, not all bisphosphonates are equally effective against breast cancer cells in vitro. The present study investigated the extent to which three BPs decrease the viability of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, stimulate cell apoptosis and inhibit cell migration by modulating proteins in the mevalonate pathway. The three BPs exerted direct anticancer effects against MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with pamidronate demonstrating the highest efficacy. In addition, the BPs inhibited colony formation ability. The activity of BPs against MCF-7 cells was inhibited by the mevalonate product geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, which was potentiated by doxorubicin. It was also identified that BPs modulated Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, Ras homolog gene family member A and cell division control protein 42 homolog gene expression. Consistent with the observed growth inhibitory effects, BPs also inhibited the cell cycle by promoting G1 phase arrest and the downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21. Additionally, BPs were revealed to induce reactive oxygen species expression, caspase-3 activity and increase the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which was associated with apoptosis. BP-induced cancer cell apoptosis was detected by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and flow cytometry analysis, and was identified to be associated with the induction of caspase-3 and cytochrome c protein expression. Furthermore, BPs significantly decreased cancer cell migration in a dose-dependent manner and reduced matrix metallopeptidase-9 protein expression. In summary, the current study demonstrated that BPs exhibited a direct anticancer effect and an antimigratory effect on MCF-7 cells. These findings suggest that BPs may be developed as a therapeutic option for breast cancer and may serve as sensitizing chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjaporn Buranrat
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Supavadee Bootha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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16
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von Moos R, Costa L, Gonzalez-Suarez E, Terpos E, Niepel D, Body JJ. Management of bone health in solid tumours: From bisphosphonates to a monoclonal antibody. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 76:57-67. [PMID: 31136850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with solid tumours are at risk of impaired bone health from metastases and cancer therapy-induced bone loss (CTIBL). We review medical management of bone health in patients with solid tumours over the past 30 years, from first-generation bisphosphonates to the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-targeted monoclonal antibody, denosumab. In the 1980s, first-generation bisphosphonates were shown to reduce the incidence of skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with breast cancer. Subsequently, more potent second- and third-generation bisphosphonates were developed, particularly zoledronic acid (ZA). Head-to-head studies showed that ZA was significantly more effective than pamidronate for reducing SREs in patients with breast and castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), becoming the standard of care for more than a decade. The RANKL inhibitor denosumab was licensed in 2010, and head-to-head studies and integrated analyses confirmed its superiority to ZA for preventing SREs, particularly in breast cancer and CRPC. Bisphosphonates and denosumab have also been investigated for prevention of CTIBL in patients receiving hormonal therapy for breast and prostate cancer, and denosumab is licensed in this indication. Despite advances in management of bone health, several issues remain, notably the optimal time to initiate therapy, duration of therapy, and dosing frequency, and how to avoid toxicity, particularly with long-term treatment. In summary, introduction of ZA and denosumab has protected patients with bone metastasis from serious bone complications and improved their quality of life. Ongoing research will hopefully guide the optimal use of these agents to help maintain bone health in patients with solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger von Moos
- Kantonsspital Graubünden, Loëstrasse 170, Chur, Graubünden, Switzerland.
| | - Luis Costa
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Suarez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, (IDIBELL) Avinguda Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Body
- Department of Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A. Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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MiR-144 inhibits growth and metastasis in colon cancer by down-regulating SMAD4. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181895. [PMID: 30745456 PMCID: PMC6395301 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRs) are thought to display regulator action in tumor suppression and oncogenesis. miR-144 plays an important role in the development of various cancers, such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer, by targetting different molecules potentially involved in many signaling pathways. SMAD4 is a common signaling during tumor progression, and it can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell motility in most epithelial cells. The present study focused on the effect of miR-144 and SMAD4 on colon cancer in order to find the novel gene therapy target for the treatment of colon cancer. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the expression level of miR-144 in colon cancer tissues and SW620 cells. MTT assay, scratch test, and transwell assay were used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. Moreover, luciferase assays were utilized to identify the predictive effect of miR-144 on SMAD4. Western blotting was performed to determine the relative expression of protein related to SMAD4. We found miR-144 level was significantly lower in colon cancer tissues and SW620 cells. Moreover, SMAD4 level, both in mRNA and protein, was obviously elevated in colon cancer tissues. Further, miR-144 mimics treatment inhibited cells proliferation, invasion, and migration. Fluorescence intensity of miR-144 mimics group in wild type cells was decreased. MiR-144 mimics repressed the SMAD4 expression both in mRNA and protein. These findings about miR-144/SMAD4 pair provide a novel therapeutic method for colon cancer patients.
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18
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Zhao Z, Shen W, Zhu H, Lin L, Jiang G, Zhu Y, Song H, Wu L. Zoledronate inhibits fibroblasts' proliferation and activation via targeting TGF-β signaling pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3021-3031. [PMID: 30271117 PMCID: PMC6147205 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s168897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that zoledronate might inhibit neointimal hyperplasia at least partly by inhibiting the proliferation, adhesion and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, whether zoledronate influences fibroblasts’ proliferation and activation, which also play a key role in neointimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling, remains largely unknown. In the present study, the effect of zoledronate on fibroblasts was investigated and the underlying molecular mechanisms were examined. Methods After treatment with zoledronate, changes in biological behaviors, including the morphology, proliferation, cell-cycle distribution and migration of fibroblasts (NIH3T3 cells), were observed. The expression of α-SMA, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 and the level of Smad2/3 phosphorylation in cultured fibroblasts were examined by Western blot. In vivo expression of α-SMA and TGF-β1 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Results It was shown that the typical fibroblast cell morphology was altered after zoledronate exposure. Cultured fibroblasts treated with zoledronate displayed dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation due to cell-cycle arrest in the S phase. Cell migration activities were also dose dependently suppressed by zoledronate treatment. Expression of α-SMA in cultured fibroblasts was significantly reduced by zoledronate treatment. Further analysis showed decreased expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA by periadventitial delivery of zoledronate in the rat carotid balloon-injury model. The expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 and the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in cultured fibroblasts were significantly inhibited by zoledronate treatment. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that zoledronate can inhibit the proliferation, migration and activation of fibroblasts via the TGF-β signaling pathway and revealed a novel mechanism of zoledronate action against neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, .,Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbin Zhu
- Company 11 of Student Brigade, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gening Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
| | - Yongzhe Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
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19
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Abstract
Breast cancer is considered a major and common health problem in both developing and developed countries. The etiology of breast cancer, the most frequent malignancy diagnosed in women in the western world, has remained unidentified. Chemicals as the organophosphorous pesticide malathion have been used to control a wide range of sucking and chewing pests of field crops, and are involved in the etiology of breast cancers. The association between breast cancer initiation and prolonged exposure to estrogen suggests that this hormone may also have an etiologic role in such a process. However, the key factors behind the initiation of breast cancer remain to be elucidated. The effect of environmental substances, such as malathion and estrogen was analyzed in an experimental rat mammary gland model. Different cytoplasmic proteins are key in the transformation of a normal cell to a malignant tumor cell and among these are the Ras super family and Ras homologous A (Rho-A). Both types of proteins were greater in animals treated with malathion than those with estrogens. E-Cadherins constitute a large family of cell surface proteins.Resultsshowed greater expression of E-Cadherin and vimentin than c-Ha-ras and Rho-A in rats treated by estrogens. In breast cancer, analysis using immunohistochemical markers is an essential component of routine pathological examinations, and plays an important role in the management of the disease by providing diagnostic and prognostic strategies.The aimof the present study was to identify markers that can be used as a prognostic tool for breast cancer patients.
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20
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Virtanen SS, Ishizu T, Sandholm JA, Löyttyniemi E, Väänänen HK, Tuomela JM, Härkönen PL. Alendronate-induced disruption of actin cytoskeleton and inhibition of migration/invasion are associated with cofilin downregulation in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32593-32608. [PMID: 30220968 PMCID: PMC6135693 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are used for prevention of osteoporosis and metastatic bone diseases. Anti-invasive effects on various cancer cells have also been reported, but the mechanisms involved are not well-understood. We investigated the effects of the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) on the regulation of actin cytoskeleton in PC-3 cells. We analyzed the ALN effect on the organization and the dynamics of actin, and on the cytoskeleton-related regulatory proteins cofilin, p21-associated kinase 2 (PAK2), paxillin and focal adhesion kinase. Immunostainings of cofilin in ALN-treated PC-3 cells and xenografts were performed, and the role of cofilin in ALN-regulated F-actin organization and migration/invasion in PC-3 cells was analyzed using cofilin knockdown and transfection. We demonstrate that disrupted F-actin organization and decreased cell motility in ALN-treated PC-3 cells were associated with decreased levels of total and phosphorylated cofilin. PAK2 levels were also lowered but adhesion-related proteins were not altered. The knockdown of cofilin similarly impaired F-actin organization and decreased invasion of PC-3 cells, whereas in the cells transfected with a cofilin expressing vector, ALN treatment did not decrease cellular cofilin levels and migration as in mock transfected cells. ALN also reduced immunohistochemical staining of cofilin in PC-3 xenografts. Our results suggest that reduction of cofilin has an important role in ALN-induced disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and inhibition of the PC-3 cell motility and invasion. These data also support the idea that the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates could be efficacious in inhibition of prostate cancer invasion and metastasis, if delivered in a pharmacological formulation accessible to the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna S Virtanen
- University of Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.,Turku University of Applied Sciences, Health and Well-being, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tamiko Ishizu
- University of Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jouko A Sandholm
- Cell Imaging Core, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- University of Turku, Department of Biostatistics, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Johanna M Tuomela
- University of Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Pirkko L Härkönen
- University of Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
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Li P, Zhao Z, Wang L, Jin X, Shen Y, Nan C, Liu H. Minimally effective concentration of zoledronic acid to suppress osteoclasts in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5330-5336. [PMID: 29904413 PMCID: PMC5996712 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid is regarded as the most potent bisphosphonate and is widely used in patients with osteoporosis; however, its side effects, including acute-phase reactions, gastrointestinal complaints, renal dysfunction and bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis impair the safety and quality of life of patients. The present study was designed to determine the minimal effective concentration of zoledronic acid through testing the dose-dependent effects of zoledronic acid on osteoclast suppression. A primary culture of bone marrow mononuclear cells obtained from C57 mice (age, 6 weeks) was established and induced to form osteoclasts. The number of multinuclear cells was determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and compared among cultured marrow cells treated with different concentrations of zoledronic acid. Furthermore, the cellular properties, including adhesion, migration and bone resorption, were compared at the minimal effective concentration. At a concentration of 1×10−6 mol/l, zoledronic acid significantly inhibited the formation of osteoclasts. This inhibitory effect was further enhanced at the concentration of 1×10−5 mol/l. However, the inhibitory effect of zoledronic acid tapered at the concentration of 1×10−4 mol/l and there was no further dose-dependent increase. In addition, the concentration of 1×10−6 mol/l was sufficient to alter cellular functions, including cell adhesion, migration and bone resorption. In conclusion, zoledronic acid was effective in reducing osteoclast formation and suppressing cellular functions. The minimal effective concentration of zoledronic acid in vitro was 1 µmol/l. Based on these results, a comparable dosage should be explored in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China.,Department of Bone Disease, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Zongmao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Litao Wang
- Department of Bone Disease, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Xianhui Jin
- Department of Bone Disease, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Yaxin Shen
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Chengrui Nan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Hanjie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Açil Y, Arndt ML, Gülses A, Wieker H, Naujokat H, Ayna M, Wiltfang J. Cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of alendronate and zolendronate on human osteoblasts, gingival fibroblasts and osteosarcoma cells. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:538-546. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Chen ZL, Yang J, Shen YW, Li ST, Wang X, Lv M, Wang BY, Li P, Zhao W, Qiu RY, Liu Y, Liu PJ, Yang J. AmotP130 regulates Rho GTPase and decreases breast cancer cell mobility. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2390-2403. [PMID: 29377471 PMCID: PMC5867092 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiomotin (Amot) is a newly discovered, multifunctional protein that is involved in cell migration and angiogenesis. However, the role of its isoform, AmotP130, in the regulation of cytoskeleton and metastasis of breast cancer, is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of AmotP130 in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the changes of morphology in breast cancer cells through the Rho pathway that influences the invasion and migration of cells. The results suggested that AmotP130 suppressed the invasion ability through remodelling the cytoskeleton of breast cancer cells, including the actin fibre organization and focal adhesion protein turnover. Global transcriptome changes in breast cancer cells following knockdown of AmotP130 identified pathways related with the cytoskeleton and cell motility that involved the Rho GTPase family. From database analyses, changes in the Rho GTPase family of proteins were identified as possible prognostic factors in patients with breast cancer. We have been suggested that AmotP130 suppressed the invasion ability through remodelling of the cytoskeleton of breast cancer cells, involving regulation of the Rho pathway. The cytoskeleton-related pathway components may provide novel, clinically therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Ling Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Wei Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu-Ting Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bi-Yuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui-Yue Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pei-Jun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Coniglio SJ. Role of Tumor-Derived Chemokines in Osteolytic Bone Metastasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:313. [PMID: 29930538 PMCID: PMC5999726 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. The bone marrow is a common destination for many malignant cancers, including breast carcinoma (BC), prostate carcinoma, multiple myeloma, lung carcinoma, uterine cancer, thyroid cancer, bladder cancer, and neuroblastoma. The molecular mechanism by which metastatic cancer are able to recognize, infiltrate, and colonize bone are still unclear. Chemokines are small soluble proteins which under normal physiological conditions mediate chemotactic trafficking of leukocytes to specific tissues in the body. In the context of metastasis, the best characterized role for the chemokine system is in the regulation of primary tumor growth, survival, invasion, and homing to specific secondary sites. However, there is ample evidence that metastatic tumors exploit chemokines to modulate the metastatic niche within bone which ultimately results in osteolytic bone disease. In this review, we examine the role of chemokines in metastatic tumor growth within bone. In particular, the chemokines CCL2, CCL3, IL-8/CXCL8, and CXCL12 are consistently involved in promoting osteoclastogenesis and tumor growth. We will also evaluate the suitability of chemokines as targets for chemotherapy with the use of neutralizing antibodies and chemokine receptor-specific antagonists.
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Agabiti SS, Liang Y, Wiemer AJ. Molecular mechanisms linking geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase to cell survival and proliferation. Mol Membr Biol 2016; 33:1-11. [PMID: 27537059 DOI: 10.1080/09687688.2016.1213432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate is a 20-carbon isoprenoid phospholipid whose lipid moiety can be post-translationally incorporated into proteins to promote membrane association. The process of geranylgeranylation has been implicated in anti-proliferative effects of clinical agents that inhibit enzymes of the mevalonate pathway (i.e. statins and nitrogenous bisphosphonates) as well as experimental agents that deplete geranylgeranyl diphosphate. Inhibitors of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase are an attractive way to block geranylgeranylation because they possess a calcium-chelating substructure to allow localization to bone and take advantage of a unique position of the enzyme within the biosynthetic pathway. Here, we describe recent advances in geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase expression and inhibitor development with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms that link geranylgeranyl diphosphate to cell proliferation via geranylgeranylated small GTPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry S Agabiti
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
| | - Yilan Liang
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
| | - Andrew J Wiemer
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA.,b Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
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Lee KH, Koh M, Moon A. Farnesyl transferase inhibitor FTI-277 inhibits breast cell invasion and migration by blocking H-Ras activation. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2222-2226. [PMID: 27602167 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactive Ras promotes proliferation and malignant phenotypic conversion of cells in cancer. Ras protein must be associated with cellular membranes for its oncogenic activities through post-translational modifications, including farnesylation. Farnesyltransferase (FTase) is essential for H-Ras membrane targeting, and H-Ras, but not N-Ras, has been demonstrated to cause an invasive phenotype in MCF10A breast epithelial cells. In the present study, it was observed that an FTase inhibitor (FTI), FTI-277, blocked epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced H-Ras activation, but not N-Ras activation in MDA-MB-231 cells, which express wild-type H-Ras and N-Ras. FTI-277 exerted a more potent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of H-Ras-MCF10A cells and Hs578T breast cancer cells expressing an active mutant of H-Ras than that of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasive/migratory phenotypes of the H-Ras-MCF10A and Hs578T cells were effectively inhibited by FTI-277 treatment. By contrast, FTI-277 did not affect the invasive/migratory phenotypes of MDA-MB-231 cells. However, the EGF-induced invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells was decreased by FTI-277, implicating that FTI-277 inhibits breast cell invasion and migration by blocking H-Ras activation. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that FTase inhibition by FTI-277 may be an effective strategy for targeting H-Ras-mediated proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hun Lee
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Koh
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Republic of Korea
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Byrum ML, Pondenis HC, Fredrickson RL, Wycislo KL, Fan TM. Downregulation of CXCR4 Expression and Functionality After Zoledronate Exposure in Canine Osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1187-96. [PMID: 27251585 PMCID: PMC5089657 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The establishment and progression of metastases remains the life‐limiting factor for dogs diagnosed with osteosarcoma (OS). The pattern of metastases is likely regulated through interactions between chemokine receptors and chemokines, and perturbations in these signaling cascades responsible for cytoskeletal organization and directional migration have the potential to alter metastatic cell trafficking behaviors. Hypothesis Zoledronate will impair directional migration of OS cells through downregulation of chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression and functionality. Samples Nineteen archived tumor specimens and plasma from 20 dogs with OS. Methods Prospectively, the expressions of CXCR4 were studied in OS cell lines and spontaneous tumor samples. The effect of zoledronate on CXCR4 expression and functionality was investigated by characterizing responses in 3 OS cell lines. In 19 OS specimens and 20 dogs with OS, changes in CXCR4 expression and circulating CXCR4 concentrations were characterized in response to zoledronate therapy respectively. Results All canine OS cells express CXCR4, and zoledronate reduces CXCR4 expression and functionality by 27.7% (P < .0001), through augmented proteasome degradation and reduced prenylation of heterotrimeric G‐proteins in 33% of tumor cell lines evaluated. In OS‐bearing dogs, zoledronate reduces CXCR4 expressions by 40% within the primary tumor compared to untreated controls (P = .03) and also decreases the circulating concentrations of CXCR4 in 18 of 20 dogs with OS. Conclusions and clinical importance Zoledronate can alter CXCR4 expression and functionality in OS cells, and consequent perturbations in CXCR4 intracellular signaling cascades might influence patterns of metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Byrum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - H C Pondenis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - R L Fredrickson
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - K L Wycislo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - T M Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
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Göbel A, Thiele S, Browne AJ, Rauner M, Zinna VM, Hofbauer LC, Rachner TD. Combined inhibition of the mevalonate pathway with statins and zoledronic acid potentiates their anti-tumor effects in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2016; 375:162-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Could drugs inhibiting the mevalonate pathway also target cancer stem cells? Drug Resist Updat 2016; 25:13-25. [PMID: 27155373 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the connection between metabolic pathways and cancer is very important for the development of new therapeutic approaches based on regulatory enzymes in pathways associated with tumorigenesis. The mevalonate cascade and its rate-liming enzyme HMG CoA-reductase has recently drawn the attention of cancer researchers because strong evidences arising mostly from epidemiologic studies, show that it could promote transformation. Hence, these studies pinpoint HMG CoA-reductase as a candidate proto-oncogene. Several recent epidemiological studies, in different populations, have proven that statins are beneficial for the treatment-outcome of various cancers, and may improve common cancer therapy strategies involving alkylating agents, and antimetabolites. Cancer stem cells/cancer initiating cells (CSC) are key to cancer progression and metastasis. Therefore, in the current review we address the different effects of statins on cancer stem cells. The mevalonate cascade is among the most pleiotropic, and highly interconnected signaling pathways. Through G-protein-coupled receptors (GRCP), it integrates extra-, and intracellular signals. The mevalonate pathway is implicated in cell stemness, cell proliferation, and organ size regulation through the Hippo pathway (e.g. Yap/Taz signaling axis). This pathway is a prime preventive target through the administration of statins for the prophylaxis of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. Its prominent role in regulation of cell growth and stemness also invokes its role in cancer development and progression. The mevalonate pathway affects cancer metastasis in several ways by: (i) affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), (ii) affecting remodeling of the cytoskeleton as well as cell motility, (iii) affecting cell polarity (non-canonical Wnt/planar pathway), and (iv) modulation of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Herein we provide an overview of the mevalonate signaling network. We then briefly highlight diverse functions of various elements of this mevalonate pathway. We further discuss in detail the role of elements of the mevalonate cascade in stemness, carcinogenesis, cancer progression, metastasis and maintenance of cancer stem cells.
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Failli A, Legitimo A, Orsini G, Romanini A, Consolini R. The effects of zoledronate on monocyte-derived dendritic cells from melanoma patients differ depending on the clinical stage of the disease. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:3375-82. [PMID: 25483657 PMCID: PMC4514079 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid has shown indirect anticancer effects on angiogenesis, the tumor microenvironment and immune responses. Its immunological action is exerted, at least in part, via its modulating properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of zoledronic acid on the dendritic cells of melanoma patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 26 patients with melanoma and 11 healthy donors. Dendritic cells were derived from purified monocytes, and zoledronic acid (ZA) was added on the first day of culture. The phenotype and function of the generated cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. The ZA-treated monocytes from patients with early-stage disease generated DCs characterized by reduced endocytic activity and increased allostimulatory capacity compared with the untreated samples, allowing restoration of the DC function observed in normal subjects. In contrast, the ZA-treated monocytes from patients at stage III generated cells with higher CD14 antigen expression and endocytosis than the untreated samples. Therefore, in melanoma patients, the in vitro ZA effects differ according to the progression of the disease. In addition, our preliminary results appear to suggest that ZA effects are also influenced by the expression of CD14 antigen, indicating that the DC phenotype together with clinical characteristics must be considered in the choice of patients to be treated with ZA. Our work focus on the effect of ZA on monocyte-derived DCs from melanoma patients, showing that the effects of therapeutic doses of this drug might be mediated at least in part by modulation of myeloid cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Failli
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ; University of Pisa ; Pisa , Italy
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Honda Y, Takahashi S, Zhang Y, Ono A, Murakami E, Shi N, Kawaoka T, Miki D, Tsuge M, Hiraga N, Abe H, Ochi H, Imamura M, Aikata H, Chayama K. Effects of bisphosphonate zoledronic acid in hepatocellular carcinoma, depending on mevalonate pathway. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 30:619-27. [PMID: 25167891 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate and is used to reduce cancer-induced osteolysis. We reported previously that ZOL delayed both the growth and pain progression of bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of ZOL on hepatoma cell lines and the molecular mechanisms of such effects. METHODS Cell viability assay, scratch assay, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and flow cytometry analysis were performed using Huh7 and HepG2 cells treated with and without ZOL. RESULTS ZOL reduced cell growth in a dose-dependent manner and prevented cell migration when used at a concentration exceeding 10 μM. Immunohistochemistry showed that the inhibitory effects of ZOL on hepatoma cell progression was not due to the suppression of Ras and RhoA expression but due to inhibition of their translocation from the cytosol to the cell membrane, which terminates mevalonate pathway. Immunoblotting and flow cytometry showed that ZOL inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) and induced apoptosis of hepatoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that ZOL prevented cell growth and metastasis based on direct antitumor effects in hepatoma cells. The use of ZOL could not only suppress the progression to bone metastatic lesions but also prevented growth of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohji Honda
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Jones RM, Morgan C, Bertelli G. Effects of zoledronic acid and docetaxel on small GTP-binding proteins in prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4861-9. [PMID: 25631751 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, in castration-resistant prostate cancer, patients are often treated with docetaxel and the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid concurrently, yet there is still a paucity in the literature regarding the molecular basis of how this drug combination works. The study was performed on the hormone-resistant cell line PC-3. Cells were treated with clinically relevant concentrations of docetaxel and zoledronic acid either as single agents or in sequence and combination. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed along with the prenylation status of the GTPases Ras and RhoA. Following 1-mM zoledronic acid treatment, inhibition of the prenylation of H-Ras and Rho A was observed along with an increase in the unprenylated form in the cytoplasm. Docetaxel 1 nM and zoledronic acid 1 mM also showed an increase in the unprenylated form of both small GTP-binding proteins in the cytoplasm and a reduction of protein in the membrane fraction. Overall, zoledronic acid followed by docetaxel was the best regimen producing the greatest reduction in cell viability and increase in apoptosis. At the highest concentrations of zoledronic acid and docetaxel, zoledronic acid followed by docetaxel was also the most effective at reducing the prenylation of both H-Ras and RhoA at the membrane. We have demonstrated that clinically achievable concentrations of zoledronic acid and docetaxel cause a reduction in the prenylation of both H-Ras and Rho A and a reduction of protein movement into the membrane. The most effective regimen overall was high-dose zoledronic acid followed by docetaxel, suggesting that this regimen may be of benefit in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Jones
- Gynaecology Department, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, CF14 2TL, UK
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Fernandes C, Monteiro S, Mendes P, Gano L, Marques F, Casimiro S, Costa L, Correia JD, Santos I. Biological assessment of novel bisphosphonate-containing 99mTc/Re-organometallic complexes. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zekri J, Mansour M, Karim SM. The anti-tumour effects of zoledronic acid. J Bone Oncol 2014; 3:25-35. [PMID: 26909294 PMCID: PMC4723416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the most common site for metastasis in patients with solid tumours. Bisphosphonates are an effective treatment for preventing skeletal related events and preserving quality of life in these patients. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is the most potent osteoclast inhibitor and is licensed for the treatment of bone metastases. Clodronate and pamidronate are also licensed for this indication. In addition, ZA has been demonstrated to exhibit antitumour effect. Direct and indirect mechanisms of anti-tumour effect have been postulated and at many times proven. Evidence exists that ZA antitumour effect is mediated through inhibition of tumour cells proliferation, induction of apoptosis, synergistic/additive to inhibitory effect of cytotoxic agents, inhibition of angiogenesis, decrease tumour cells adhesion to bone, decrease tumour cells invasion and migration, disorganization of cell cytoskeleton and activation of specific cellular antitumour immune response. There is also clinical evidence from clinical trials that ZA improved long term survival outcome in cancer patients with and without bone metastases. In this review we highlight the preclinical and clinical studies investigating the antitumour effect of bisphosphonates with particular reference to ZA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Zekri
- AlFaisal University College of Medicine, PO Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- King Faisal Specilalist Hospital and Research Center, MBC J64, PO Box 40047, Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Mansour
- Jeddah Cancer Centre, Dr. Erfan & Bagedo General Hospital, King Fahd Street, PO Box 6519, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mustafa Karim
- AlFaisal University College of Medicine, PO Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- King Faisal Specilalist Hospital and Research Center, MBC J64, PO Box 40047, Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia
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Fasching PA, Jud SM, Hauschild M, Kümmel S, Schütte M, Warm M, Hanf V, Grab D, Krocker J, Stickeler E, Kreienberg R, Müller T, Kühn T, Wolf C, Kahlert S, Paepke S, Berghorn M, Muth M, Baier M, Wackwitz B, Schulz-Wendtland R, Beckmann MW, Lux MP. FemZone trial: a randomized phase II trial comparing neoadjuvant letrozole and zoledronic acid with letrozole in primary breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:66. [PMID: 24499441 PMCID: PMC3937056 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this prospectively randomized phase II trial (Trial registration: EUCTR2004-004007-37-DE) was to compare the clinical response of primary breast cancer patients to neoadjuvant therapy with letrozole alone (LET) or letrozole and zoledronic acid (LET + ZOL). METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to receive either LET 2.5 mg/day (n = 79) or the combination of LET 2.5 mg/day and a total of seven infusions of ZOL 4 mg every 4 weeks (n = 89) for 6 months. Primary endpoint was clinical response rate as assessed by mammogram readings. The study was terminated prematurely due to insufficient recruitment. We report here on an exploratory analysis of this data. RESULTS Central assessment of tumor sizes during the treatment period was available for 131 patients (66 LET, 65 LET + ZOL). Clinical responses (complete or partial) were seen in 54.5% (95% CI: 41.8-66.9) of the patients in the LET arm and 69.2% (95% CI: 56.6-80.1) of those in the LET + ZOL arm (P = 0.106). A multivariate model showed an OR of 1.72 (95% CI: 0.83-3.59) for the experimental arm. CONCLUSION No increase in the clinical response rate was observed with the addition of ZOL to a neoadjuvant treatment regimen with LET. However a trend towards a better reponse in the LET + ZOL arm could be observed. This trend is consistent with previous studies that have investigated the addition of ZOL to chemotherapy, and it may support the evidence for a direct antitumor action of zoledronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Fasching
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian M Jud
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maik Hauschild
- Departement of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Spital Rheinfelden, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Schütte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Warm
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cologne University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
- Kliniken der Stadt Köln Holweide, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Hanf
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Nathanstift" Klinikum Fürth, Fürth, Germany
| | - Dieter Grab
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Harlaching, Munich, Germany
| | - Jutta Krocker
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sana-Klinikum Lichtenberg, Oskar-Ziethen-Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elmar Stickeler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Kreienberg
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Thorsten Kühn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Kahlert
- Frauenklinik Grosshadern, Universitätsklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Paepke
- Frauenklinik und Poliklinik der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael P Lux
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
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Lipton A. Zoledronic acid: multiplicity of use across the cancer continuum. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 11:999-1012. [DOI: 10.1586/era.11.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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He M, Fan W, Zhang X. Adjuvant zoledronic acid therapy for patients with early stage breast cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hematol Oncol 2013; 6:80. [PMID: 24283946 PMCID: PMC3874690 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zoledronic acid is a potent inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and has been widely used in bone metastasis malignancies and postmenopausal osteoporosis as a preventive therapy against skeletal-related events. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of zoledronic acid as an adjuvant therapy for patients with early stage breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Entries in the PubMed and EMBASE databases up to 12 July 2013 were systematically reviewed. Online abstracts from the proceedings of the Annual Meetings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (1992-2013) and the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) (2004-2013) were also reviewed. Primary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), while secondary endpoints included bone metastasis-free survival (BMFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and fracture-free rate (FFR). RESULTS A total of eight studies including 3,866 subjects and 3,864 controls met our search criteria and were evaluated. The use of zoledronic acid was found to improve OS (relative risk (RR), 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77-1.01; p-value = 0.06) and DMFS (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60-1.00; p-value = 0.05). Furthermore, statistically significant benefits were associated with BMFS (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66-0.99; p-value = 0.04) and FFRs (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.61-0.92; p-value = 0.007). In contrast, there was no significant difference in DFS with the application of zoledronic acid (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.72-1.09; p-value = 0.24). Sensitivity analysis further identified the improvement of 5-year OS for the adjuvant zoledronic acid therapy in early stage breast cancer patients (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75-0.99; p-value = 0.03), while a borderline statistically significant benefit was observed for 5-year DFS (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81-1.00; p-value = 0.06). CONCLUSION Zoledronic acid as an adjuvant therapy appears to improve the 5-year OS rate for early stage breast cancer patients, and was associated with a protective effect for the bone metastases and fractures evaluated in more than 7,000 patients. However, further research is needed to confirm our findings, and sub-group analyses according to menopause status or hormone status may provide further insight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xianquan Zhang
- Division of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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Schech AJ, Kazi AA, Gilani RA, Brodie AH. Zoledronic acid reverses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibits self-renewal of breast cancer cells through inactivation of NF-κB. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:1356-66. [PMID: 23619300 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zoledronic acid, a third-generation bisphosphonate, has been shown to reduce cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. However, the effects of zoledronic acid on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a cellular process essential to the metastatic cascade, remain unclear. Therefore, the effects of zoledronic acid on EMT, using triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells as a model system, were examined in more detail. Zoledronic acid treatment decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers, N-cadherin, Twist, and Snail, and subsequently upregulated expression of E-cadherin. Zoledronic acid also inhibited cell viability, induced cell-cycle arrest, and decreased the proliferative capacity of TNBC, suggesting that zoledronic acid inhibits viability through reduction of cell proliferation. As EMT has been linked to acquisition of a self-renewal phenotype, the effects of zoledronic acid on self-renewal in TNBC were also studied. Treatment with zoledronic acid decreased expression of self-renewal proteins, BMI-1 and Oct-4, and both prevented and eliminated mammosphere formation. To understand the mechanism of these results, the effect of zoledronic acid on established EMT regulator NF-κB was investigated. Zoledronic acid inhibited phosphorylation of RelA, the active subunit of NF-κB, at serine 536 and modulated RelA subcellular localization. Treatment with zoledronic acid reduced RelA binding to the Twist promoter, providing a direct link between inactivation of NF-κB signaling and loss of EMT transcription factor gene expression. Binding of Twist to the BMI-1 promoter was also decreased, correlating modulation of EMT to decreased self-renewal. On the basis of these results, it is proposed that through inactivation of NF-κB, zoledronic acid reverses EMT, which leads to a decrease in self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Schech
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Hashimoto K, Masumori N, Tanaka T, Maeda T, Kobayashi K, Kitamura H, Hirata K, Tsukamoto T. Zoledronic acid but not somatostatin analogs exerts anti-tumor effects in a model of murine prostatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2013; 73:500-11. [PMID: 22996996 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since neuroendocrine (NE) cells play an important role in the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), target therapy to NE cells should be considered for treating CRPC. We investigated the effects zoledronic acid (ZOL) and two somatostatin analogs (octreotide: SMS, and pasireotide: SOM) on an NE allograft (NE-10) and its cell line (NE-CS), which were established from the prostate of the LPB-Tag 12T-10 transgenic mouse. METHODS We examined the in vivo effects of ZOL, SMS and SOM as single agents and their combinations on subcutaneously inoculated NE-10 allografts and the in vitro effects on NE-CS cells. Apoptosis and cell cycle activity were assessed by immunohistochemistry using TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and a Ki-67 antibody, respectively. RESULTS In vivo growth of NE-10 tumors treated with ZOL, ZOL plus SMS, or ZOL plus SOM was significantly inhibited compared to the control as a consequence of induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. ZOL induced time- and dose-dependent inhibition of in vitro proliferation of NE-CS cells, but the somatostatin analogs (SMS and SOM) did not. ZOL also inhibited migration of NE-CS cells. These effects were caused by inhibition of Erk1/2 phosphorylation via impairment of prenylation of Ras. CONCLUSIONS ZOL, but not SMS or SOM, induced apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation and migration through impaired prenylation of Ras in NE carcinoma models. Our findings support the possibility that ZOL could be used in the early phase for controlling NE cells, which may trigger progression to CRPC.
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MESH Headings
- Androgens/deficiency
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Bone Density Conservation Agents/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Diphosphonates/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Octreotide/pharmacology
- Orchiectomy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptors, Somatostatin/genetics
- Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives
- Somatostatin/pharmacology
- Zoledronic Acid
- ras Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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Insalaco L, Di Gaudio F, Terrasi M, Amodeo V, Caruso S, Corsini LR, Fanale D, Margarese N, Santini D, Bazan V, Russo A. Analysis of molecular mechanisms and anti-tumoural effects of zoledronic acid in breast cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 16:2186-95. [PMID: 22260151 PMCID: PMC3822988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is the most potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BPs) that strongly binds to bone mineral and acts as a powerful inhibitor of bone resorption, already clinically available for the treatment of patients with osteolytic metastases. Recent data also suggest that ZOL, used in breast cancer, may provide more than just supportive care modifying the course of the disease, though the possible molecular mechanism of action is still unclear.As breast cancer is one of the primary tumours with high propensity to metastasize to the bone, we investigated, for the first time, differential gene expression profile on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells treated with low doses of ZOL (10 μM). Microarrays analysis was used to identify, describe and summarize evidence regarding the molecular basis of actions of ZOL and of their possible direct anti-tumour effects. We validated gene expression results of specific transcripts involved in major cellular process by Real Time and Western Blot analysis and we observed inhibition of proliferation and migration through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Matrigel assay. We then focused on changes in the cytoskeletal components as fibronectin 1 (FN1), actin, and anti angiogenic compounds as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1). The up-regulation of these products may have an important role in inhibiting proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis mediated by ZOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Insalaco
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Miwa A, Takezako N, Hayakawa H, Hayakawa M, Tominaga SI, Yanagisawa K. YM-175 induces apoptosis of human native monocyte-lineage cells via inhibition of prenylation. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:1084-8. [PMID: 23044853 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NCBPs) have been widely used as standard supportive therapy to reduce skeletal-related events (SREs) in myeloma patients through suppression of osteoclast activity. In various prospective randomized trials that were performed following preliminary reports concerning efficacy, NCBPs have shown a significant beneficial effect on myeloma bone disease through both suppression of bone resorption and direct antimyeloma activity. Thus, NCBPs have an influence on many types of human cells. In this study, we examined the effect of an NCBP (YM-175) on an apoptosis of a monocytic cell line and of human native monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). We confirmed that monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, DCs, and a monoblastic cell line (THP-1) showed dose-dependent and time-dependent apoptosis related to the activation of caspases after exposure to YM-175 at concentrations below that at which the apoptosis of myeloma cell lines was induced. Such apoptosis of monocytic cells was suppressed by the addition of farnesol or geranylgeraniol. These findings suggest that the inhibition of monocyte-lineage cells or DCs by NCBPs might interfere with phagocytic activity or pathogen-presenting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Miwa
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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Expression of matrix macromolecules and functional properties of breast cancer cells are modulated by the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1926-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ben J, Jin G, Zhang Y, Ma B, Bai H, Chen J, Zhang H, Gong Q, Zhou X, Zhang H, Qian L, Zhu X, Li X, Yang Q, Hu Z, Xu Y, Shen H, Chen Q. Class A Scavenger Receptor Deficiency Exacerbates Lung Tumorigenesis by Cultivating a Procarcinogenic Microenvironment in Humans and Mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186:763-72. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201204-0592oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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45
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Oda M, Iwaya K, Kikuchi R, Kobayashi T, Yoneda T, Nishikawa K, Matsubara O, Kohno N. Stathmin is involved in the cooperative effect of Zoledronic acid and gefitinib on bone homing breast cancer cells in vitro. J Bone Oncol 2012; 1:40-6. [PMID: 26909254 PMCID: PMC4723330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (Zol) is the most potent inhibitor of bone resorption among the bisphosphonates and is commonly used for inhibiting bone metastasis. However, it remains unclear whether Zol provides a survival benefit. Recent findings indicate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling is an important mediator of bone metastasis. Thus, we examined the combined effects of Zol and an EGF receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib, on the proliferation and invasion of a bone-seeking clone and the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Combined treatment with Zol and gefitinib synergistically inhibited both invasion and cell proliferation of the bone-seeking clone, but not those of the MDA-MB-231 cells. Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry demonstrated that stathmin was down-regulated during these cooperative effects. Stathmin is a signal transduction regulatory factor which plays an important role in cell division and malignant tumor development. Our data suggest that stathmin may be a promising target molecule for blocking bone metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Oda
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Keiichi Iwaya
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kikuchi
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yoneda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kahoko Nishikawa
- Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsubara
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Norio Kohno
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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Vintonenko N, Jais JP, Kassis N, Abdelkarim M, Perret GY, Lecouvey M, Crepin M, Di Benedetto M. Transcriptome analysis and in vivo activity of fluvastatin versus zoledronic acid in a murine breast cancer metastasis model. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:521-8. [PMID: 22723339 DOI: 10.1124/mol.111.077248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins and bisphosphonates are two distinct classes of isoprenoid pathway inhibitors targeting downstream enzyme to HMG-CoA reductase (upstream enzyme) and farnesyl-pyrophosphate synthase, respectively. Here, we studied fluvastatin (Fluva) and zoledronate (Zol), representative molecules of each class, respectively. In vivo metastatic potentials of both molecules were assessed. For the first time, we observed a significant reduction in progression of established metastases with Fluva treatment. Treatment with both Zol at 100 μg/kg and Fluva at 15 mg/kg inhibited 80% of the metastasis bioluminescence signal and increased survival of mice. The Zol and Fluva transcriptomic profiles of treated MDA-MB-231 cells revealed analogous patterns of affected genes, but each of them reached with different kinetics. The observable changes in gene expression started after 24 h for Fluva IC(50 72 h) and only after 48 h for Zol IC(50 72 h). To obtain early changes in gene expression of Zol-treated cells, a 3 times higher dose of Zol IC(50 72 h) had to be applied. Combining Fluva and Zol in vivo showed no synergy, but a benefit of several days in survival of mice. This study demonstrated that Zol or Fluva is of potential clinical use for the treatment of established metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda Vintonenko
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 7244 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Chimie, Structure et Propriétés de Biomaté riaux et d’Agents Thé rapeutiques, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
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Li XY, Lin YC, Huang WL, Hong CQ, Chen JY, You YJ, Li WB. Zoledronic acid inhibits proliferation and impairs migration and invasion through downregulating VEGF and MMPs expression in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Med Oncol 2012; 29:714-20. [PMID: 21431960 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-9904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To demonstrate the effect of zoledronic acid in proliferation, invasion, and migration of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell HNE-1 and explore the potential role of VEGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 proteins in vitro. Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell HNE-1 was exposed to various concentrations (0-40 μmol/l) of zoledronic acid. Zoledronic acid inhibited proliferation of HNE-1 cells though not in a dose-dependent manner. Zoledronic acid had exerted a dose-dependent effect on the migration and invasion of HNE-1 cells. Both expressions of mRNA and protein of MMP2, MMP9, and VEGF were reduced, respectively, detected by RT-PCR and Western blot assays. These data suggested that zoledronic acid not only inhibited growth but also invasion and migration of HNE-1 cells in vitro. The anti-cancer action of zoledronic acid was partially associated with the suppression of VEGF expression and secretion and downregulating the expression of MMP2 and MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, China
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Abstract
Bone metastasis and skeletal complications have a devastating impact on the quality of life and are a major cause of morbidity in prostate cancer patients. In addition to established bone-targeted therapies, new drugs such as endothelin A receptor antagonists, MET and VEGFR-2 antagonists or radiopharmaceuticals are in the focus of development. The standard care in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases to prevent skeletal-related events (SRE) are bisphosphonates. Denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody against RANKL, appeared to be superior to zoledronic acid for prevention of SRE and has been shown to prolong bone metastases-free survival. In contrast to zoledronic acid, denosumab clearance is not dependent on kidney function and can be administered subcutaneously. Similar rates of toxicity were observed for both substances; however, long-term data for denosumab are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moltzahn
- Urologische Universitätsklinik, Inselspital Bern, Anna-Seiler-Haus, Freiburgstraße 10, CH-3010 Bern, Schweiz
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Gnant M. Zoledronic acid in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer: is there a final verdict? Curr Oncol Rep 2012; 14:35-43. [PMID: 22113793 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-011-0209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, which preferentially metastasizes to bone, is the most common malignancy among women worldwide and is a leading cause of death. Clinical data from large, phase 3 trials (ie, ABCSG-12, ZO-FAST, and AZURE) demonstrate significantly improved disease-free survival with zoledronic acid in some patient populations with early breast cancer. Although the interim results from the AZURE trial did not show a disease-free survival benefit with zoledronic acid in the overall patient population, subset analyses showed that zoledronic acid significantly improved disease-free survival in women with established postmenopausal status at baseline. Similarly, subset analyses of the ABCSG-12 trial showed greater benefits from zoledronic acid in patients over 40 years of age who theoretically would have achieved more complete ovarian suppression. Together, these data support a potential role for zoledronic acid beyond bone health in breast cancer and suggest that the endocrine environment may influence the anticancer potential of zoledronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gnant
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Oldfield E, Lin FY. Terpene biosynthesis: modularity rules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1124-37. [PMID: 22105807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes are the largest class of small-molecule natural products on earth, and the most abundant by mass. Here, we summarize recent developments in elucidating the structure and function of the proteins involved in their biosynthesis. There are six main building blocks or modules (α, β, γ, δ, ε, and ζ) that make up the structures of these enzymes: the αα and αδ head-to-tail trans-prenyl transferases that produce trans-isoprenoid diphosphates from C(5) precursors; the ε head-to-head prenyl transferases that convert these diphosphates into the tri- and tetraterpene precursors of sterols, hopanoids, and carotenoids; the βγ di- and triterpene synthases; the ζ head-to-tail cis-prenyl transferases that produce the cis-isoprenoid diphosphates involved in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis; and finally the α, αβ, and αβγ terpene synthases that produce plant terpenes, with many of these modular enzymes having originated from ancestral α and β domain proteins. We also review progress in determining the structure and function of the two 4Fe-4S reductases involved in formation of the C(5) diphosphates in many bacteria, where again, highly modular structures are found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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