1
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Evans RJ, Perkins DW, Selfe J, Kelsey A, Birch GP, Shipley JM, Schipper K, Isacke CM. Endo180 (MRC2) Antibody-Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Sarcoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:240-253. [PMID: 36399638 PMCID: PMC9890142 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although the 5-year survival rates for sarcoma patients have improved, the proportion of patients relapsing after first-line treatment remains high, and the survival of patients with metastatic disease is dismal. Moreover, the extensive molecular heterogeneity of the multiple different sarcoma subtypes poses a substantial challenge to developing more personalized treatment strategies. From the IHC staining of a large set of 625 human soft-tissue sarcomas, we demonstrate strong tumor cell staining of the Endo180 (MRC2) receptor in a high proportion of samples, findings echoed in gene-expression data sets showing a significantly increased expression in both soft-tissue and bone sarcomas compared with normal tissue. Endo180 is a constitutively recycling transmembrane receptor and therefore an ideal target for an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). An anti-Endo180 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the antimitotic agent, MMAE via a cleavable linker, is rapidly internalized into target cells and trafficked to the lysosome for degradation, causing cell death specifically in Endo180-expressing sarcoma cell lines. In a sarcoma tumor xenograft model, the Endo180-vc-MMAE ADC, but not an isotype-vc-MMAE control or the unconjugated Endo180 antibody, drives on-target cytotoxicity resulting in tumor regression and a significant impairment of metastatic colonization of the lungs, liver and lymph nodes. These data, together with the lack of a phenotype in mice with an Mrc2 genetic deletion, provide preclinical proof-of-principle evidence for the future development of an Endo180-ADC as a therapeutic strategy in a broad range of sarcoma subtypes and, importantly, with potential impact both on the primary tumor and in metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J. Evans
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Douglas W. Perkins
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Joanna Selfe
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Anna Kelsey
- Department of Paediatric Pathology, University of Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Gavin P. Birch
- Abzena (Cambridge) Ltd., Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK
| | - Janet M. Shipley
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Koen Schipper
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Clare M. Isacke
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Corresponding Author: Clare M. Isacke, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK. Phone: 4420-7153-5510; E-mail
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2
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Zhao X, Chen J, Sun H, Zhang Y, Zou D. New insights into fibrosis from the ECM degradation perspective: the macrophage-MMP-ECM interaction. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:117. [PMID: 35897082 PMCID: PMC9327238 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological feature of a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases that can affect almost all organs, which can cause severe consequences and even lead to death. Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to disruption of the balance between ECM production and degradation. Although overabundance of ECM proteins has long been the focus of studies on fibrosis, another facet of the problem—impaired degradation of the ECM—is gaining increasing attention. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) system is the main molecular system contributing to ECM degradation, and macrophages are the major regulators of ECM. However, the relationship among macrophages, the MMP/TIMP system and the ECM is not fully understood in the context of fibrosis. Here, we discuss in detail the role played by the ECM in the development of fibrosis and highlight the macrophage-MMP-ECM interaction that is involved in fibrogenesis and may be a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Jenkins L, Jungwirth U, Avgustinova A, Iravani M, Mills AP, Haider S, Harper J, Isacke CM. Cancer-associated fibroblasts suppress CD8+ T cell infiltration and confer resistance to immune checkpoint blockade. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2904-2917. [PMID: 35749591 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) promotes anti-tumor immune responses and can result in durable patient benefit. However, response rates in breast cancer patients remain modest, stimulating efforts to discover novel treatment options. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) represent a major component of the breast tumor microenvironment and have known immunosuppressive functions in addition to their well-established roles in directly promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Here we utilized paired syngeneic mouse mammary carcinoma models to show that CAF abundance is associated with insensitivity to combination αCTLA-4 and αPD-L1 ICB. CAF-rich tumors exhibited an immunologically cold tumor microenvironment, with transcriptomic, flow cytometric, and quantitative histopathological analyses demonstrating a relationship between CAF density and a CD8+ T cell-excluded tumor phenotype. The CAF receptor Endo180 (Mrc2) is predominantly expressed on myofibroblastic CAFs, and its genetic deletion depleted a subset of αSMA-expressing CAFs and impaired tumor progression in vivo. Addition of wild-type, but not Endo180-deficient, CAFs in co-implantation studies restricted CD8+ T cell intratumoral infiltration, and tumors in Endo180 knockout mice exhibited increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhanced sensitivity to ICB compared to tumors in wild-type mice. Clinically, in a trial of melanoma patients, high MRC2 mRNA levels in tumors was associated with a poor response to αPD-1 therapy, highlighting the potential benefits of therapeutically targeting a specific CAF subpopulation in breast and other CAF-rich cancers to improve clinical responses to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Jenkins
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Adam P Mills
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Syed Haider
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Harper
- AstraZeneca (United Kingdom), Cambridge, United Kingdom
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4
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Togashi K, Shin Y, Imamura Y. Non-triple helical form of type IV collagen alpha1 chain suppresses vascular endothelial-cadherin mediated cell-to-cell junctions. J Biochem 2022; 172:165-175. [PMID: 35687058 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-triple helical collagen polypeptide α1(IV) (NTH α1(IV)) is a gene product of COL4A1 and is secreted as a polypeptide chain without the triple helix structure under physiological conditions. Studies have shown that NTH α1(IV) is up-regulated in and around vascular endothelial cells during neovascularization and vascular-like networks of in vitro angiogenesis models, suggesting its involvement in angiogenesis. In the present study, we examined the effect of NTH α1(IV) on endothelial cell-to-cell junctions, and we found that NTH α1(IV) suppressed VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin) mediated junctions and promoted cellular migration in HUVEC cultures. NTH α1(IV) is potentially a factor that induces VE-cadherin endocytosis and promotes neovascular sprouting and elongation. The possible mechanism entails endocytosis of NTH α1(IV) by its cellular receptor(s), Endo180, and/or other proteins, which results in clearance of the cellular receptor(s) from the cell surface, thus inducing the endocytosis of VE-cadherin. Because the NC1 domain of the α1 chain of type IV collagen, called arresten, is considered an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis, it seems that the single polypeptide chain of NTH α1(IV) has conflicting functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Togashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yongchol Shin
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo
| | - Yasutada Imamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo
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5
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Gucciardo F, Pirson S, Baudin L, Lebeau A, Noël A. uPARAP/Endo180: a multifaceted protein of mesenchymal cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:255. [PMID: 35460056 PMCID: PMC9033714 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (uPARAP/Endo180) is already known to be a key collagen receptor involved in collagen internalization and degradation in mesenchymal cells and some macrophages. It is one of the four members of the mannose receptor family along with a macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), a phospholipase lipase receptor (PLA2R), and a dendritic receptor (DEC-205). As a clathrin-dependent endocytic receptor for collagen or large collagen fragments as well as through its association with urokinase (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR), uPARAP/Endo180 takes part in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell chemotaxis and migration under physiological (tissue homeostasis and repair) and pathological (fibrosis, cancer) conditions. Recent advances that have shown an expanded contribution of this multifunctional protein across a broader range of biological processes, including vascular biology and innate immunity, are summarized in this paper. It has previously been demonstrated that uPARAP/Endo180 assists in lymphangiogenesis through its capacity to regulate the heterodimerization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3). Moreover, recent findings have demonstrated that it is also involved in the clearance of collectins and the regulation of the immune system, something which is currently being studied as a biomarker and a therapeutic target in a number of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Gucciardo
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Pirson
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Louis Baudin
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Alizée Lebeau
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noël
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, B23, Avenue Hippocrate 13, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liege, Belgium.
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6
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The Molecular Interaction of Collagen with Cell Receptors for Biological Function. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050876. [PMID: 35267698 PMCID: PMC8912536 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen, an extracellular protein, covers the entire human body and has several important biological functions in normal physiology. Recently, collagen from non-human sources has attracted attention for therapeutic management and biomedical applications. In this regard, both land-based animals such as cow, pig, chicken, camel, and sheep, and marine-based resources such as fish, octopus, starfish, sea-cucumber, and jellyfish are widely used for collagen extraction. The extracted collagen is transformed into collagen peptides, hydrolysates, films, hydrogels, scaffolds, sponges and 3D matrix for food and biomedical applications. In addition, many strategic ideas are continuously emerging to develop innovative advanced collagen biomaterials. For this purpose, it is important to understand the fundamental perception of how collagen communicates with receptors of biological cells to trigger cell signaling pathways. Therefore, this review discloses the molecular interaction of collagen with cell receptor molecules to carry out cellular signaling in biological pathways. By understanding the actual mechanism, this review opens up several new concepts to carry out next level research in collagen biomaterials.
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7
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Impairment of a distinct cancer-associated fibroblast population limits tumour growth and metastasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3516. [PMID: 34112782 PMCID: PMC8192501 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Profiling studies have revealed considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) present within the tumour microenvironment, however, functional characterisation of different CAF subsets is hampered by the lack of specific markers defining these populations. Here we show that genetic deletion of the Endo180 (MRC2) receptor, predominantly expressed by a population of matrix-remodelling CAFs, profoundly limits tumour growth and metastasis; effects that can be recapitulated in 3D co-culture assays. This impairment results from a CAF-intrinsic contractility defect and reduced CAF viability, which coupled with the lack of phenotype in the normal mouse, demonstrates that upregulated Endo180 expression by a specific, potentially targetable CAF subset is required to generate a supportive tumour microenvironment. Further, characterisation of a tumour subline selected via serial in vivo passage for its ability to overcome these stromal defects provides important insight into, how tumour cells adapt to a non-activated stroma in the early stages of metastatic colonisation. Endo180, a collagen binding receptor, is highly expressed in a subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts. The authors show, using knockout mice and 3D in vitro assays, that Endo180 depletion impairs tumour fibroblast contractility and viability resulting in reduced tumour growth and metastasis.
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8
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Iosef C, Pedroza AJ, Cui JZ, Dalal AR, Arakawa M, Tashima Y, Koyano TK, Burdon G, Churovich SMP, Orrick JO, Pariani M, Fischbein MP. Quantitative proteomics reveal lineage-specific protein profiles in iPSC-derived Marfan syndrome smooth muscle cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20392. [PMID: 33230159 PMCID: PMC7683538 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77274-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene that produces wide disease phenotypic variability. The lack of ample genotype-phenotype correlation hinders translational study development aimed at improving disease prognosis. In response to this need, an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) disease model has been used to test patient-specific cells by a proteomic approach. This model has the potential to risk stratify patients to make clinical decisions, including timing for surgical treatment. The regional propensity for aneurysm formation in MFS may be related to distinct smooth muscle cell (SMC) embryologic lineages. Thus, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) were differentiated into lateral mesoderm (LM, aortic root) and neural crest (NC, ascending aorta/transverse arch) SMC lineages to model MFS aortic pathology. Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis by tandem mass spectrometry was applied to profile LM and NC iPSC SMCs from four MFS patients and two healthy controls. Analysis revealed 45 proteins with lineage-dependent expression in MFS patients, many of which were specific to diseased samples. Single protein-level data from both iPSC SMCs and primary MFS aortic root aneurysm tissue confirmed elevated integrin αV and reduced MRC2 in clinical disease specimens, validating the iPSC iTRAQ findings. Functionally, iPSC SMCs exhibited defective adhesion to a variety of extracellular matrix proteins, especially laminin-1 and fibronectin, suggesting altered cytoskeleton dynamics. This study defines the aortic embryologic origin-specific proteome in a validated iPSC SMC model to identify novel protein markers associated with MFS aneurysm phenotype. Translating iPSC findings into clinical aortic aneurysm tissue samples highlights the potential for iPSC-based methods to model MFS disease for mechanistic studies and therapeutic discovery in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Iosef
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Albert J Pedroza
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jason Z Cui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alex R Dalal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mamoru Arakawa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yasushi Tashima
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tiffany K Koyano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Grayson Burdon
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Samantha M P Churovich
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joshua O Orrick
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mitchel Pariani
- Department of Pediatrics-Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Fischbein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Falk CVRB, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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9
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Atabai K, Yang CD, Podolsky MJ. You Say You Want a Resolution (of Fibrosis). Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:424-435. [PMID: 32640171 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0182tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathological fibrosis, aberrant tissue remodeling with excess extracellular matrix leads to organ dysfunction and eventual morbidity. Diseases of fibrosis create significant global health and economic burdens and are often deadly. Although fibrosis has traditionally been thought of as an irreversible process, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that organ fibrosis can reverse in certain circumstances, especially if an underlying cause of injury can be removed. This body of evidence has uncovered more and more contributors to persistent and nonresolving tissue fibrosis. Here, we review the present knowledge on resolution of organ fibrosis and restoration of near-normal tissue architecture. We emphasize three critical areas of tissue homeostasis that are necessary for fibrosis resolution, namely, the elimination of matrix-producing cells, the clearance of excess matrix, and the regeneration of normal tissue constituents. In so doing, we also highlight how profibrotic pathways interact with one another and where there may be therapeutic opportunities to intervene and remediate pathological persistent fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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10
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Jürgensen HJ, van Putten S, Nørregaard KS, Bugge TH, Engelholm LH, Behrendt N, Madsen DH. Cellular uptake of collagens and implications for immune cell regulation in disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3161-3176. [PMID: 32100084 PMCID: PMC11105017 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As the dominant constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), collagens of different types are critical for the structural properties of tissues and make up scaffolds for cellular adhesion and migration. Importantly, collagens also directly modulate the phenotypic state of cells by transmitting signals that influence proliferation, differentiation, polarization, survival, and more, to cells of mesenchymal, epithelial, or endothelial origin. Recently, the potential of collagens to provide immune regulatory signals has also been demonstrated, and it is believed that pathological changes in the ECM shape immune cell phenotype. Collagens are themselves heavily regulated by a multitude of structural modulations or by catabolic pathways. One of these pathways involves a cellular uptake of collagens or soluble collagen-like defense collagens of the innate immune system mediated by endocytic collagen receptors. This cellular uptake is followed by the degradation of collagens in lysosomes. The potential of this pathway to regulate collagens in pathological conditions is evident from the increased extracellular accumulation of both collagens and collagen-like defense collagens following endocytic collagen receptor ablation. Here, we review how endocytic collagen receptors regulate collagen turnover during physiological conditions and in pathological conditions, such as fibrosis and cancer. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of collagens to regulate immune cells and discuss how endocytic collagen receptors can directly regulate immune cell activity in pathological conditions or do it indirectly by altering the extracellular milieu. Finally, we discuss the potential collagen receptors utilized by immune cells to directly detect ECM-related changes in the tissues which they encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik J Jürgensen
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Sander van Putten
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kirstine S Nørregaard
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thomas H Bugge
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lars H Engelholm
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Niels Behrendt
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Madsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
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11
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Hinz B, Lagares D. Evasion of apoptosis by myofibroblasts: a hallmark of fibrotic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:11-31. [PMID: 31792399 PMCID: PMC7913072 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organ fibrosis is a lethal outcome of autoimmune rheumatic diseases such as systemic sclerosis. Myofibroblasts are scar-forming cells that are ultimately responsible for the excessive synthesis, deposition and remodelling of extracellular matrix proteins in fibrosis. Advances have been made in our understanding of the mechanisms that keep myofibroblasts in an activated state and control myofibroblast functions. However, the mechanisms that help myofibroblasts to persist in fibrotic tissues remain poorly understood. Myofibroblasts evade apoptosis by activating molecular mechanisms in response to pro-survival biomechanical and growth factor signals from the fibrotic microenvironment, which can ultimately lead to the acquisition of a senescent phenotype. Growing evidence suggests that myofibroblasts and senescent myofibroblasts, rather than being resistant to apoptosis, are actually primed for apoptosis owing to concomitant activation of cell death signalling pathways; these cells are poised to apoptose when survival pathways are inhibited. This knowledge of apoptotic priming has paved the way for new therapies that trigger apoptosis in myofibroblasts by blocking pro-survival mechanisms, target senescent myofibroblast for apoptosis or promote the reprogramming of myofibroblasts into scar-resolving cells. These novel strategies are not only poised to prevent progressive tissue scarring, but also have the potential to reverse established fibrosis and to regenerate chronically injured tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Lagares
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Fibrosis Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Jürgensen HJ, Silva LM, Krigslund O, van Putten S, Madsen DH, Behrendt N, Engelholm LH, Bugge TH. CCL2/MCP-1 signaling drives extracellular matrix turnover by diverse macrophage subsets. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 1:100003. [PMID: 33543002 PMCID: PMC7852312 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity, cellular origin, and phenotypic heterogeneity are perpetual challenges for studies addressing the biology of this pivotal immune cell in development, homeostasis, and tissue remodeling/repair. Consequently, a myriad of macrophage subtypes has been described in these contexts. To facilitate the identification of functional macrophage subtypes in vivo, here we used a flow cytometry-based assay that allows for detailed phenotyping of macrophages engaged in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Of the five macrophage subtypes identified in the remodeling dermis by using this assay, collagen degradation was primarily executed by Ly6C−CCR2+ and Ly6C−CCR2low macrophages via mannose receptor-dependent collagen endocytosis, while Ly6C+CCR2+ macrophages were the dominant fibrin-endocytosing cells. Unexpectedly, the CCL2/MCP1-CCR2 signaling axis was critical for both collagen and fibrin degradation, while collagen degradation was independent of IL-4Ra signaling. Furthermore, the cytokine GM-CSF selectively enhanced collagen degradation by Ly6C+CCR2+ macrophages. This study reveals distinct subsets of macrophages engaged in ECM turnover and identifies novel wound healing-associated functions for CCL2 and GM-CSF inflammatory cytokines. Phenotypically diverse subsets of dermal macrophages undertake the degradation of extracellular matrix C-C motif chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) signaling is critical for macrophage-mediated endocytosis of collagen and fibrin. Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) and Interleukin (IL)-13 stimulate collagen endocytosis. The wound healing-associated IL4-IL4 Receptor a (IL4Ra) signaling is dispensable for collagen endocytosis by macrophages. The mannose receptor is the principal endocytic collagen receptor utilized by resident dermal macrophages.
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Key Words
- AF, Alexa Fluor
- CCL2/MCP-1, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
- CCR2, C-C chemokine receptor type 2
- CEMS, collagen-endocytosing macrophages
- Collagen degradation
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix endocytosis
- FEMS, fibrin-endocytosing macrophages
- FMO, fluorescence minus one
- Fibrin degradation
- GM-CSF, Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor
- GM-CSFR, GM-CSF Receptor
- IL, Interleukin
- IL4Ra, IL4 Receptor a
- Interleukin-13
- M-CSF, Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor
- MR, mannose receptor/CD206
- Mannose receptor/CD206
- Plg, plasminogen
- RFP, red fluorescent protein
- uPARAP, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor associated protein/Endo180
- uPARAP/Endo180
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik J. Jürgensen
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lakmali M. Silva
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Oral Inflammation and Immunity Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Oliver Krigslund
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Sander van Putten
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Daniel H. Madsen
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Haematology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Niels Behrendt
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lars H. Engelholm
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thomas H. Bugge
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author at: Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Room 211, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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13
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Dong Y, Yang L, Luo W, Zhu T, Yan W, Kong J, Yuan Z, Zhao Q. Mannose receptor C type 2 mediates 1,25(OH) 2D 3/vitamin D receptor-regulated collagen metabolism through collagen type 5, alpha 2 chain and matrix metalloproteinase 13 in murine MC3T3-E1 cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 483:74-86. [PMID: 30641101 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining skeletal development and bone homeostasis. Although vitamin D has been extensively researched, the direct effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on osteoblasts is unclear. To explore the 1,25(OH)2D3 action on murine osteoblasts, we performed tandem mass tag experiments on MC3T3-E1 cells treated with and without 1,25(OH)2D3. Three up-regulated proteins (MRC2, WWTR1 and RASSF2) related to bone metabolism were confirmed in this study. 1,25(OH)2D3 up-regulated the expression of MRC2 through vitamin D receptor. MRC2 affects collagen metabolism in osteoblasts. Combined with bioinformatics and parallel reaction monitoring analysis, we inhibited the expression of MRC2 to explore the relationship between MRC2 and collagens. Then we found MRC2 down-regulated COL5A2 and up-regulated MMP13. This study provides a protein profile of 1,25(OH)2D3-treated murine osteoblasts, reveals a newly discovered signaling axis (1,25(OH)2D3/VDR/MRC2/COL5A2 and MMP13), and explains the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on bone metabolism from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Dong
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, 117004, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, 117004, China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, 117004, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Juan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, 117004, China; Nutrition Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, 117004, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, 117004, China.
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14
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Asciutto EK, Kopanchuk S, Lepland A, Simón-Gracia L, Aleman C, Teesalu T, Scodeller P. Phage-Display-Derived Peptide Binds to Human CD206 and Modeling Reveals a New Binding Site on the Receptor. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:1973-1982. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana K. Asciutto
- School of Science and Technology, National University of San Martin (UNSAM) and CONICET, Campus Migueletes, 25 de Mayo y Francia, CP 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sergei Kopanchuk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Anni Lepland
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14B, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Lorena Simón-Gracia
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14B, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Carlos Aleman
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14B, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Pablo Scodeller
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14B, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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15
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Nielsen CF, van Putten SM, Lund IK, Melander MC, Nørregaard KS, Jürgensen HJ, Reckzeh K, Christensen KR, Ingvarsen SZ, Gårdsvoll H, Jensen KE, Hamerlik P, Engelholm LH, Behrendt N. The collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 as a novel target for antibody-drug conjugate mediated treatment of mesenchymal and leukemic cancers. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44605-44624. [PMID: 28574834 PMCID: PMC5546505 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A key task in developing the field of personalized cancer therapy is the identification of novel molecular targets that enable treatment of cancers not susceptible to other means of specific therapy. The collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 is overexpressed by malignant cells in several non-epithelial cancers, notably including sarcomas, glioblastomas and subsets of acute myeloid leukemia. In contrast, in healthy adult individuals, expression is restricted to minor subsets of mesenchymal cells. Functionally, uPARAP/Endo180 is a rapidly recycling endocytic receptor that delivers its cargo directly into the endosomal-lysosomal system, thus opening a potential route of entry into receptor-positive cells. This combination of specific expression and endocytic function appears well suited for targeting of uPARAP/Endo180-positive cancers by antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) mediated drug delivery. Therefore, we utilized a specific monoclonal antibody against uPARAP/Endo180, raised through immunization of a uPARAP/Endo180 knock-out mouse, which reacts with both the human and the murine receptor, to construct a uPARAP-directed ADC. This antibody was coupled to the highly toxic dolastatin derivative, monomethyl auristatin E, via a cathepsin-labile valine-citrulline linker. With this ADC, we show strong and receptor-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro in uPARAP/Endo180-positive cancer cell lines of sarcoma, glioblastoma and leukemic origin. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potency of the ADC in vivo in a xenograft mouse model with human uPARAP/Endo180-positive leukemic cells, obtaining a complete cure of all tested mice following intravenous ADC treatment with no sign of adverse effects. Our study identifies uPARAP/Endo180 as a promising target for novel therapy against several highly malignant cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Fagernæs Nielsen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sander Maarten van Putten
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Katrine Lund
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Carlsén Melander
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Sandal Nørregaard
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jessen Jürgensen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Kristian Reckzeh
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Rothaus Christensen
- Experimental Animal Models Section, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Signe Ziir Ingvarsen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Gårdsvoll
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Petra Hamerlik
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Lars Henning Engelholm
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Behrendt
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Hu Z, Shi X, Yu B, Li N, Huang Y, He Y. Structural Insights into the pH-Dependent Conformational Change and Collagen Recognition of the Human Mannose Receptor. Structure 2017; 26:60-71.e3. [PMID: 29225077 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mannose receptor (MR, CD206) is an endocytic receptor on microphages and dendritic cells. It recognizes multiple ligands and plays important roles in regulating immune responses and maintaining glycoprotein homeostasis. However, the structure and functional mechanism of MR remain unclear. Here we determine the crystal structures of the N-terminal fragments of MR and reveal the potential binding mode of collagen on the fibronectin II domain. The SAXS and other biophysical data suggest that MR adopts an extended conformation at physiological pH and undergoes conformational changes as pH decreases, resulting in a compact conformation in an acidic environment. Moreover, biochemical data show that MR binds to collagen in a Ca2+-enhanced manner at physiological pH, whereas Ca2+ has no effect on the binding at acidic pH. These results provide a model for the dynamic mechanism of MR regarding its ligand binding and release during the recycling between cell surface and endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiangyi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Bowen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yongning He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
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17
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Paiva KBS, Granjeiro JM. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bone Resorption, Remodeling, and Repair. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 148:203-303. [PMID: 28662823 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the major protease family responsible for the cleavage of the matrisome (global composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteome) and proteins unrelated to the ECM, generating bioactive molecules. These proteins drive ECM remodeling, in association with tissue-specific and cell-anchored inhibitors (TIMPs and RECK, respectively). In the bone, the ECM mediates cell adhesion, mechanotransduction, nucleation of mineralization, and the immobilization of growth factors to protect them from damage or degradation. Since the first description of an MMP in bone tissue, many other MMPs have been identified, as well as their inhibitors. Numerous functions have been assigned to these proteins, including osteoblast/osteocyte differentiation, bone formation, solubilization of the osteoid during bone resorption, osteoclast recruitment and migration, and as a coupling factor in bone remodeling under physiological conditions. In turn, a number of pathologies, associated with imbalanced bone remodeling, arise mainly from MMP overexpression and abnormalities of the ECM, leading to bone osteolysis or bone formation. In this review, we will discuss the functions of MMPs and their inhibitors in bone cells, during bone remodeling, pathological bone resorption (osteoporosis and bone metastasis), bone repair/regeneration, and emergent roles in bone bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiucia B S Paiva
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction (LabMec), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - José M Granjeiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (InMetro), Bioengineering Laboratory, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil; Fluminense Federal University, Dental School, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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18
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Ciepłoch A, Rutkowska K, Oprządek J, Poławska E. Genetic disorders in beef cattle: a review. Genes Genomics 2017; 39:461-471. [PMID: 28458779 PMCID: PMC5387086 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of present review is to describe and organize autosomal recessive disorders (arachnomelia, syndactylism, osteopetrosis, dwarfism, crooked tail syndrome, muscular hyperplasia, glycogen storage disease, protoporphyria), which occur among beef cattle, and methods that can be applied to detect these defects. Prevalence of adverse alleles in beef breeds happens due to human activity—selections of favorable features, e.g. developed muscle tissue. Unfortunately, carriers of autosomal recessive diseases are often characterized by these attributes. Fast and effective identification of individuals, that may carry faulty genes, can prevent economical losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ciepłoch
- Department of Animal Improvement, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Karolina Rutkowska
- Department of Animal Improvement, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Jolanta Oprządek
- Department of Animal Improvement, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Ewa Poławska
- Department of Animal Improvement, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
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19
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Sprangers S, Behrendt N, Engelholm L, Cao Y, Everts V. Phagocytosis of Collagen Fibrils by Fibroblasts In Vivo Is Independent of the uPARAP/Endo180 Receptor. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1590-1595. [PMID: 27922193 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As a crucial step in ECM remodeling, collagen degradation occurs through different processes, including both extracellular and intracellular degradation. The extracellular pathways of collagen degradation require secretion of collagenolytic proteases, whereas intracellular collagen degradation occurs in the lysosomal compartment after uptake, involving either pre-cleaved or intact fibrillar collagen. The endocytic collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 plays an important role in internalization of large collagen degradation products, whereas its role in the phagocytosis of fibrillar collagen has been debated. In fact, the role of this receptor in regular collagen phagocytosis in vivo has not been established. In this study, we have studied the role of uPARAP in the phagocytosis of collagen fibrils in vivo by analyzing different connective tissues of mice lacking uPARAP. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we found that fibroblasts in the periosteum of tibia and calvaria, as well as in the periodontal ligament of molar and incisor, phagocytosed collagen fibrils independently of uPARAP. Quantification of phagocytosed collagen in the periodontal ligament of uPARAP-deficient mice and controls revealed no difference in the amount of fibrillar collagen taken up by uPARAP-deficient mice. The findings show that under in vivo conditions uPARAP does not play a role in the phagocytic uptake of collagen fibrils by fibroblasts. Consequently, the cellular uptake of collagen fibrils and collagen cleavage products probably occurs through fundamentally different pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1590-1595, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sprangers
- Department of Oral Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Behrendt
- The Finsen Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Engelholm
- The Finsen Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yixuan Cao
- Department of Oral Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Internalization of Collagen: An Important Matrix Turnover Pathway in Cancer. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN TUMOR BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60907-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Mattoli S. Involvement of fibrocytes in asthma and clinical implications. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 45:1497-509. [PMID: 25752439 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bloodborne fibrocytes are bone marrow-derived cells that participate in immune responses and exhibit pro-inflammatory and matrix remodelling properties. In patients with asthma receiving an adequate treatment, the blood fibrocyte count is very low and comparable to that obtained in healthy individuals. In these patients, a transient increase in fibrocyte numbers in the peripheral blood and in the airways occurs in concomitance with increased bronchial inflammation and reflects disease worsening and the need for more intensive treatment. Persistently elevated numbers of fibrocytes in the peripheral blood and in the bronchial mucosa are observed in chronically undertreated or corticosteroid-resistant asthma and are associated with persistent airway inflammation and ongoing remodelling of the bronchial wall. The asthmatic bronchial epithelium is the main source of fibrocyte chemoattractants in asthma and contributes with T helper type 2 lymphocytes and eosinophils to promote the proliferation and pro-remodelling function of recruited fibrocytes. The presence of elevated numbers of fibrocytes in the bronchial mucosa of allergic patients with undertreated or treatment-resistant asthma may also increase the risk of acute exacerbations because these cells can amplify T helper type 2 lymphocyte-driven inflammation on every exposure to the clinically relevant allergen and can promote further inflammation on rhinovirus infections by allowing viral replication and releasing additional pro-inflammatory factors. Improved methods for the isolation and functional analysis of pure populations of viable circulating fibrocytes have allowed a better understanding of the effector role of these cells. A reliable and clinically applicable assay has been developed to measure blood fibrocyte counts as outcome measure in future clinical trials. New therapeutic agents are needed to block both persistent inflammation and fibrocytosis in corticosteroid-resistant asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mattoli
- Avail Biomedical Research Institute, Scientific Direction and Project Management Centre, Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Glasser SW, Hagood JS, Wong S, Taype CA, Madala SK, Hardie WD. Mechanisms of Lung Fibrosis Resolution. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:1066-77. [PMID: 27021937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibrogenesis involves a dynamic interplay between factors that promote the biosynthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix along with pathways that degrade the extracellular matrix and eliminate the primary effector cells. Opposing the often held perception that fibrotic tissue is permanent, animal studies and clinical data now demonstrate the highly plastic nature of organ fibrosis that can, under certain circumstances, regress. This review describes the current understanding of the mechanisms whereby the lung is known to resolve fibrosis focusing on degradation of the extracellular matrix, removal of myofibroblasts, and the role of inflammatory cells. Although there are significant gaps in understanding lung fibrosis resolution, accelerated improvements in biotechnology and bioinformatics are expected to improve the understanding of these mechanisms and have high potential to lead to novel and effective restorative therapies in the treatment not only of pulmonary fibrosis, but also of a wide-ranging spectrum of chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan W Glasser
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James S Hagood
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Simon Wong
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Carmen A Taype
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Satish K Madala
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - William D Hardie
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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23
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Engelholm LH, Melander MC, Hald A, Persson M, Madsen DH, Jürgensen HJ, Johansson K, Nielsen C, Nørregaard KS, Ingvarsen SZ, Kjaer A, Trovik CS, Laerum OD, Bugge TH, Eide J, Behrendt N. Targeting a novel bone degradation pathway in primary bone cancer by inactivation of the collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180. J Pathol 2015; 238:120-33. [PMID: 26466547 DOI: 10.1002/path.4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In osteosarcoma, a primary mesenchymal bone cancer occurring predominantly in younger patients, invasive tumour growth leads to extensive bone destruction. This process is insufficiently understood, cannot be efficiently counteracted and calls for novel means of treatment. The endocytic collagen receptor, uPARAP/Endo180, is expressed on various mesenchymal cell types and is involved in bone matrix turnover during normal bone growth. Human osteosarcoma specimens showed strong expression of this receptor on tumour cells, along with the collagenolytic metalloprotease, MT1-MMP. In advanced tumours with ongoing bone degeneration, sarcoma cells positive for these proteins formed a contiguous layer aligned with the degradation zones. Remarkably, osteoclasts were scarce or absent from these regions and quantitative analysis revealed that this scarcity marked a strong contrast between osteosarcoma and bone metastases of carcinoma origin. This opened the possibility that sarcoma cells might directly mediate bone degeneration. To examine this question, we utilized a syngeneic, osteolytic bone tumour model with transplanted NCTC-2472 sarcoma cells in mice. When analysed in vitro, these cells were capable of degrading the protein component of surface-labelled bone slices in a process dependent on MMP activity and uPARAP/Endo180. Systemic treatment of the sarcoma-inoculated mice with a mouse monoclonal antibody that blocks murine uPARAP/Endo180 led to a strong reduction of bone destruction. Our findings identify sarcoma cell-resident uPARAP/Endo180 as a central player in the bone degeneration of advanced tumours, possibly following an osteoclast-mediated attack on bone in the early tumour stage. This points to uPARAP/Endo180 as a promising therapeutic target in osteosarcoma, with particular prospects for improved neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars H Engelholm
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria C Melander
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Hald
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Persson
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Madsen
- Proteases and Tissue Remodelling Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Henrik J Jürgensen
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina Johansson
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Nielsen
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine S Nørregaard
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Z Ingvarsen
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Clement S Trovik
- Department of Oncology/Orthopaedics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole D Laerum
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory of Pathology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas H Bugge
- Proteases and Tissue Remodelling Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johan Eide
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Niels Behrendt
- Finsen Laboratory/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tumor-associated Endo180 requires stromal-derived LOX to promote metastatic prostate cancer cell migration on human ECM surfaces. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 33:151-65. [PMID: 26567111 PMCID: PMC4761374 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The diverse composition and structure of extracellular matrix (ECM) interfaces encountered by tumor cells at secondary tissue sites can influence metastatic progression. Extensive in vitro and in vivo data has confirmed that metastasizing tumor cells can adopt different migratory modes in response to their microenvironment. Here we present a model that uses human stromal cell-derived matrices to demonstrate that plasticity in tumor cell movement is controlled by the tumor-associated collagen receptor Endo180 (CD280, CLEC13E, KIAA0709, MRC2, TEM9, uPARAP) and the crosslinking of collagen fibers by stromal-derived lysyl oxidase (LOX). Human osteoblast-derived and fibroblast-derived ECM supported a rounded ‘amoeboid-like’ mode of cell migration and enhanced Endo180 expression in three prostate cancer cell lines (PC3, VCaP, DU145). Genetic silencing of Endo180 reverted PC3 cells from their rounded mode of migration towards a bipolar ‘mesenchymal-like’ mode of migration and blocked their translocation on human fibroblast-derived and osteoblast-derived matrices. The concomitant decrease in PC3 cell migration and increase in Endo180 expression induced by stromal LOX inhibition indicates that the Endo180-dependent rounded mode of prostate cancer cell migration requires ECM crosslinking. In conclusion, this study introduces a realistic in vitro model for the study of metastatic prostate cancer cell plasticity and pinpoints the cooperation between tumor-associated Endo180 and the stiff microenvironment imposed by stromal-derived LOX as a potential target for limiting metastatic progression in prostate cancer.
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25
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Insights into Collagen Uptake by C-type Mannose Receptors from the Crystal Structure of Endo180 Domains 1-4. Structure 2015; 23:2133-42. [PMID: 26481812 PMCID: PMC4635314 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The C-type mannose receptor and its homolog Endo180 (or uPARAP, for urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein) mediate the endocytic uptake of collagen by macrophages and fibroblasts. This process is required for normal tissue remodeling, but also facilitates the growth and dissemination of tumors. We have determined the crystal structure at 2.5 Å resolution of the N-terminal region of Endo180, consisting of a ricin-like domain, a fibronectin type II (FN2) domain, and two C-type lectin (CTL) domains. The L-shaped arrangement of these domains creates a shallow trench spanning the FN2 and CTL1 domains, which was shown by mutagenesis to bind triple-helical and denatured collagen. Small-angle X-ray scattering showed that the L-shaped structure is maintained in solution at neutral and acidic pH, irrespective of calcium ion loading. Collagen binding was equally unaffected by acidic pH, suggesting that collagen release in endosomes is not regulated by changes within the Endo180 N-terminal region. Domains 1–4 of the endocytic receptor Endo180 form an L-shaped structure The fibronectin type II domain (domain 2) is crucial for collagen/gelatin binding The first C-type lectin domain (domain 3) also contributes to collagen binding Collagen binding to Endo180 domains 1–4 is not reduced by low pH or Ca2+ depletion
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26
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Melander MC, Jürgensen HJ, Madsen DH, Engelholm LH, Behrendt N. The collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 in tissue degradation and cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1177-88. [PMID: 26316068 PMCID: PMC4583827 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180, the product of the MRC2 gene, is a central component in the collagen turnover process governed by various mesenchymal cells. Through the endocytosis of collagen or large collagen fragments, this recycling receptor serves to direct basement membrane collagen as well as interstitial collagen to lysosomal degradation. This capacity, shared only with the mannose receptor from the same protein family, endows uPARAP/Endo180 with a critical role in development and homeostasis, as well as in pathological disruptions of the extracellular matrix structure. Important pathological functions of uPARAP/Endo180 have been identified in various cancers and in several fibrotic conditions. With a particular focus on matrix turnover in cancer, this review presents the necessary background for understanding the function of uPARAP/Endo180 at the molecular and cellular level, followed by an in-depth survey of the available knowledge of the expression and role of this receptor in various types of cancer and other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Melander
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, The University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Jürgensen
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel H Madsen
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lars H Engelholm
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, The University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Niels Behrendt
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/BRIC, The University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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27
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Takahashi S, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Fujioka D, Nakamura T, Nakamura K, Obata JE, Kugiyama K. C-type lectin-like domain and fibronectin-like type II domain of phospholipase A(2) receptor 1 modulate binding and migratory responses to collagen. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:829-35. [PMID: 25724334 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R) mediates collagen-dependent migration. The mechanisms by which PLA2R interacts with collagen remain unclear. We produced HEK293 cells expressing full-length wild-type PLA2R or a truncated PLA2R that lacks fibronectin-like type II (FNII) domains or several regions of C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD). We show that the CTLD1-2 as well as the FNII domain of PLA2R are responsible for binding to collagen and for collagen-dependent migration. Thus, multiple regions and domains of the extracellular portion of PLA2R participate in the responses to collagen. These data suggest a potentially new mechanism for PLA2R-mediated biological response beyond that of a receptor for secretory PLA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujioka
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Jun-ei Obata
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Kugiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
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28
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Rodriguez-Teja M, Gronau JH, Breit C, Zhang YZ, Minamidate A, Caley MP, McCarthy A, Cox TR, Erler JT, Gaughan L, Darby S, Robson C, Mauri F, Waxman J, Sturge J. AGE-modified basement membrane cooperates with Endo180 to promote epithelial cell invasiveness and decrease prostate cancer survival. J Pathol 2014; 235:581-92. [PMID: 25408555 DOI: 10.1002/path.4485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical strain imposed by age-related thickening of the basal lamina and augmented tissue stiffness in the prostate gland coincides with increased cancer risk. Here we hypothesized that the structural alterations in the basal lamina associated with age can induce mechanotransduction pathways in prostate epithelial cells (PECs) to promote invasiveness and cancer progression. To demonstrate this, we developed a 3D model of PEC acini in which thickening and stiffening of basal lamina matrix was induced by advanced glycation end-product (AGE)-dependent non-enzymatic crosslinking of its major components, collagen IV and laminin. We used this model to demonstrate that antibody targeted blockade of CTLD2, the second of eight C-type lectin-like domains in Endo180 (CD280, CLEC13E, KIAA0709, MRC2, TEM9, uPARAP) that can recognize glycosylated collagens, reversed actinomyosin-based contractility [myosin-light chain-2 (MLC2) phosphorylation], loss of cell polarity, loss of cell-cell junctions, luminal infiltration and basal invasion induced by AGE-modified basal lamina matrix in PEC acini. Our in vitro results were concordant with luminal occlusion of acini in the prostate glands of adult Endo180(Δ) (Ex2-6/) (Δ) (Ex2-6) mice, with constitutively exposed CTLD2 and decreased survival of men with early (non-invasive) prostate cancer with high epithelial Endo180 expression and levels of AGE. These findings indicate that AGE-dependent modification of the basal lamina induces invasive behaviour in non-transformed PECs via a molecular mechanism linked to cancer progression. This study provides a rationale for targeting CTLD2 in Endo180 in prostate cancer and other pathologies in which increased basal lamina thickness and tissue stiffness are driving factors. © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Rodriguez-Teja
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK; Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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29
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Rodriguez-Teja M, Gronau JH, Minamidate A, Darby S, Gaughan L, Robson C, Mauri F, Waxman J, Sturge J. Survival Outcome and EMT Suppression Mediated by a Lectin Domain Interaction of Endo180 and CD147. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:538-47. [PMID: 25381222 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0344-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Epithelial cell-cell contacts maintain normal glandular tissue homeostasis, and their breakage can trigger epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a fundamental step in the development of metastatic cancer. Despite the ability of C-type lectin domains (CTLD) to modulate cell-cell adhesion, it is not known if they modulate epithelial adhesion in EMT and tumor progression. Here, the multi-CTLD mannose receptor, Endo180 (MRC2/uPARAP), was shown using the Kaplan-Meier analysis to be predictive of survival outcome in men with early prostate cancer. A proteomic screen of novel interaction partners with the fourth CTLD (CTLD4) in Endo180 revealed that its complex with CD147 is indispensable for the stability of three-dimensional acini formed by nontransformed prostate epithelial cells (PEC). Mechanistic study using knockdown of Endo180 or CD147, and treatment with an Endo180 mAb targeting CTLD4 (clone 39.10), or a dominant-negative GST-CTLD4 chimeric protein, induced scattering of PECs associated with internalization of Endo180 into endosomes, loss of E-cadherin (CDH1/ECAD), and unzipping of cell-cell junctions. These findings are the first to demonstrate that a CTLD acts as a suppressor and regulatory switch for EMT; thus, positing that stabilization of Endo180-CD147 complex is a viable therapeutic strategy to improve rates of prostate cancer survival. IMPLICATIONS This study identifies the interaction between CTLD4 in Endo180 and CD147 as an EMT suppressor and indicates that stabilization of this molecular complex improves prostate cancer survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Rodriguez-Teja
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Julian H Gronau
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ai Minamidate
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Darby
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Gaughan
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Robson
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Mauri
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Waxman
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Sturge
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
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30
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Abdelgawad ME, Søe K, Andersen TL, Merrild DMH, Christiansen P, Kjærsgaard-Andersen P, Delaisse JM. Does collagen trigger the recruitment of osteoblasts into vacated bone resorption lacunae during bone remodeling? Bone 2014; 67:181-8. [PMID: 25019594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblast recruitment during bone remodeling is obligatory to re-construct the bone resorbed by the osteoclast. This recruitment is believed to be triggered by osteoclast products and is therefore likely to start early during the remodeling cycle. Several osteoclast products with osteoblast recruitment potential are already known. Here we draw the attention on the osteoblast recruitment potential of the collagen that is freshly demineralized by the osteoclast. Our evidence is based on observations on adult human cancellous bone, combined with in vitro assays. First, freshly eroded surfaces where osteoblasts have to be recruited show the presence of non-degraded demineralized collagen and close cell-collagen interactions, as revealed by electron microscopy, while surface-bound collagen strongly attracts osteoblast lineage cells in a transmembrane migration assay. Compared with other extracellular matrix molecules, collagen's potency was superior and only equaled by fibronectin. Next, the majority of the newly recruited osteoblast lineage cells positioned immediately next to the osteoclasts exhibit uPARAP/Endo180, an endocytic collagen receptor reported to be involved in collagen internalization and cell migration in various cell types, and whose inactivation is reported to lead to lack of bone formation and skeletal deformities. In the present study, an antibody directed against this receptor inhibits collagen internalization in osteoblast lineage cells and decreases to some extent their migration to surface-bound collagen in the transmembrane migration assay. These complementary observations lead to a model where collagen demineralized by osteoclasts attracts surrounding osteoprogenitors onto eroded surfaces, and where the endocytic collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 contributes to this migration, probably together with other collagen receptors. This model fits recent knowledge on the position of osteoprogenitor cells immediately next to remodeling sites in adult human cancellous bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology (KCB), Vejle Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Kent Søe
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology (KCB), Vejle Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology (KCB), Vejle Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ditte M H Merrild
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology (KCB), Vejle Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Peer Christiansen
- Department of Surgery P, Breast and Endocrine Section, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Kjærsgaard-Andersen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vejle Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology (KCB), Vejle Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
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31
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Rohani MG, Chow YH, Razumova MV, Ash S, Hung CF, Schnapp LM. uPARAP function in cutaneous wound repair. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92660. [PMID: 24663959 PMCID: PMC3963911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal skin wound healing relies on tight balance between collagen synthesis and degradation in new tissue formation and remodeling phases. The endocytic receptor uPARAP regulates collagen uptake and intracellular degradation. In this study we examined cutaneous wound repair response of uPARAP null (uPARAP-/-) mice. Full thickness wounds were created on dorsal surface of uPARAP-/- or their wildtype littermates. Wound healing evaluation was done by macroscopic observation, histology, gene transcription and biochemical analysis at specific intervals. We found that absence of uPARAP delayed re-epithelialization during wound closure, and altered stiffness of the scar tissue. Despite the absence of the uPARAP-mediated intracellular pathway for collagen degradation, there was no difference in total collagen content of the wounds in uPARAP-/- compared to wildtype mice. This suggests in the absence of uPARAP, a compensatory feedback mechanism functions to keep net collagen in balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam G Rohani
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Yu-Hua Chow
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Maria V Razumova
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Samuel Ash
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Chi F Hung
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lynn M Schnapp
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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32
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Jürgensen HJ, Johansson K, Madsen DH, Porse A, Melander MC, Sørensen KR, Nielsen C, Bugge TH, Behrendt N, Engelholm LH. Complex determinants in specific members of the mannose receptor family govern collagen endocytosis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:7935-47. [PMID: 24500714 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.512780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the well-conserved mannose receptor (MR) protein family have been functionally implicated in diverse biological and pathological processes. Importantly, a proposed common function is the internalization of collagen for intracellular degradation occurring during bone development, cancer invasion, and fibrosis protection. This functional relationship is suggested by a common endocytic capability and a candidate collagen-binding domain. Here we conducted a comparative investigation of each member's ability to facilitate intracellular collagen degradation. As expected, the family members uPARAP/Endo180 and MR bound collagens in a purified system and internalized collagens for degradation in cellular settings. In contrast, the remaining family members, PLA2R and DEC-205, showed no collagen binding activity and were unable to mediate collagen internalization. To pinpoint the structural elements discriminating collagen from non-collagen receptors, we constructed a series of receptor chimeras and loss- and gain-of-function mutants. Using this approach we identified a critical collagen binding loop in the suggested collagen binding region (an FN-II domain) in uPARAP/Endo180 and MR, which was different in PLA2R or DEC-205. However, we also found that an active FN-II domain was not a sufficient determinant to allow collagen internalization through these receptors. Nevertheless, this ability could be acquired by the transfer of a larger segment of uPARAP/Endo180 (the Cys-rich domain, the FN-II domain and two CTLDs) to DEC-205. These data underscore the importance of the FN-II domain in uPARAP/Endo180 and MR-mediated collagen internalization but at the same time uncover a critical interplay with flanking domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik J Jürgensen
- From the Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark and
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33
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Mishina H, Watanabe K, Tamaru S, Watanabe Y, Fujioka D, Takahashi S, Suzuki K, Nakamura T, Obata JE, Kawabata K, Yokota Y, Inoue O, Murakami M, Hanasaki K, Kugiyama K. Lack of phospholipase A2 receptor increases susceptibility to cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction. Circ Res 2013; 114:493-504. [PMID: 24305469 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.302319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Recent evidence indicates that the biological effects of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) cannot be fully explained by its catalytic activity. A cell surface receptor for sPLA2 (PLA2 receptor 1 [PLA2R]) and its high-affinity ligands (including sPLA2-IB, sPLA2-IIE, and sPLA2-X) are expressed in the infarcted myocardium. OBJECTIVE This study asked whether PLA2R might play a pathogenic role in myocardial infarction (MI) using mice lacking PLA2R (PLA2R(-/-)). METHODS AND RESULTS MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left coronary artery. PLA2R(-/-) mice exhibited higher rates of cardiac rupture after MI compared with PLA2R wild-type (PLA2R(+/+)) mice (46% versus 21%, respectively; P=0.015). PLA2R(-/-) mice had a 31% decrease in collagen content and a 45% decrease in the number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive fibroblasts in the infarcted region compared with PLA2R(+/+) mice. PLA2R was primarily found in myofibroblasts in the infarcted region. PLA2R(-/-) myofibroblasts were impaired in collagen-dependent migration, proliferation, and activation of focal adhesion kinase in response to sPLA2-IB. Binding of sPLA2-IB to PLA2R promoted migration and proliferation of myofibroblasts through functional interaction with integrin β1, independent of the catalytic activity of sPLA2-IB. In rescue experiments, the injection of PLA2R(+/+) myofibroblasts into the infarcted myocardium prevented post-MI cardiac rupture and reversed the decrease in collagen content in the infarcted region in PLA2R(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS PLA2R deficiency increased the susceptibility to post-MI cardiac rupture through impaired healing of the infarcted region. This might be partly explained by a reduction in integrin β1-mediated migratory and proliferative responses of PLA2R(-/-) myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Mishina
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan (H.M., K.W., S.T., Y.W., D.F., S.T., K.S., T.N., J.O., K.K., K.K.); Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Osaka, Japan (Y.Y., K.H.); Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan (O.I.); and Lipid Metabolism Project, the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan (M.M.)
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34
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Madsen DH, Leonard D, Masedunskas A, Moyer A, Jürgensen HJ, Peters DE, Amornphimoltham P, Selvaraj A, Yamada SS, Brenner DA, Burgdorf S, Engelholm LH, Behrendt N, Holmbeck K, Weigert R, Bugge TH. M2-like macrophages are responsible for collagen degradation through a mannose receptor-mediated pathway. J Cell Biol 2013; 202:951-66. [PMID: 24019537 PMCID: PMC3776354 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201301081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue remodeling processes critically depend on the timely removal and remodeling of preexisting collagen scaffolds. Nevertheless, many aspects related to the turnover of this abundant extracellular matrix component in vivo are still incompletely understood. We therefore took advantage of recent advances in optical imaging to develop an assay to visualize collagen turnover in situ and identify cell types and molecules involved in this process. Collagen introduced into the dermis of mice underwent cellular endocytosis in a partially matrix metalloproteinase-dependent manner and was subsequently routed to lysosomes for complete degradation. Collagen uptake was predominantly executed by a quantitatively minor population of M2-like macrophages, whereas more abundant Col1a1-expressing fibroblasts and Cx3cr1-expressing macrophages internalized collagen at lower levels. Genetic ablation of the collagen receptors mannose receptor (Mrc1) and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (Endo180 and Mrc2) impaired this intracellular collagen degradation pathway. This study demonstrates the importance of receptor-mediated cellular uptake to collagen turnover in vivo and identifies a key role of M2-like macrophages in this process.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Collagen Type I/physiology
- Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain
- Endocytosis/physiology
- Female
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Receptors, Chemokine/physiology
- Receptors, Immunologic
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Madsen
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Leonard
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrius Masedunskas
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Amanda Moyer
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Henrik Jessen Jürgensen
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Diane E. Peters
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Program of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Panomwat Amornphimoltham
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Arul Selvaraj
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Susan S. Yamada
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David A. Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Sven Burgdorf
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars H. Engelholm
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Behrendt
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenn Holmbeck
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Roberto Weigert
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Thomas H. Bugge
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking Unit, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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35
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Madsen DH, Jürgensen HJ, Ingvarsen S, Melander MC, Albrechtsen R, Hald A, Holmbeck K, Bugge TH, Behrendt N, Engelholm LH. Differential actions of the endocytic collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 and the collagenase MMP-2 in bone homeostasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71261. [PMID: 23940733 PMCID: PMC3734290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A well-coordinated remodeling of uncalcified collagen matrices is a pre-requisite for bone development and homeostasis. Collagen turnover proceeds through different pathways, either involving extracellular reactions exclusively, or being dependent on endocytic processes. Extracellular collagen degradation requires the action of secreted or membrane attached collagenolytic proteases, whereas the alternative collagen degradation pathway proceeds intracellularly after receptor-mediated uptake and delivery to the lysosomes. In this study we have examined the functional interplay between the extracellular collagenase, MMP-2, and the endocytic collagen receptor, uPARAP, by generating mice with combined deficiency of both components. In both uPARAP-deficient and MMP-2-deficient adult mice the length of the tibia and femur was decreased, along with a reduced bone mineral density and trabecular bone quality. An additional decrease in bone length was observed when combining the two deficiencies, pointing to both components being important for the remodeling processes in long bone growth. In agreement with results found by others, a different effect of MMP-2 deficiency was observed in the distinct bone structures of the calvaria. These membranous bones were found to be thickened in MMP-2-deficient mice, an effect likely to be related to an accompanying defect in the canalicular system. Surprisingly, both of the latter defects in MMP-2-deficient mice were counteracted by concurrent uPARAP deficiency, demonstrating that the collagen receptor does not support the same matrix remodeling processes as the MMP in the growth of the skull. We conclude that both uPARAP and MMP-2 take part in matrix turnover processes important for bone growth. However, in some physiological situations, these two components do not support the same step in the growth process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Madsen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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36
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Mousavi SA, Fønhus MS, Kindberg GM, Tolleshaug H, Berg T. Enhanced activity of lysosomal proteases in activated rat hepatic stellate cells is associated with a concomitant increase in the number of the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:703-712. [PMID: 23495048 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a central role during hepatic tissue repair through their influence on extracellular matrix remodelling. We have determined whether the activity levels of cathepsin B and D are affected by in vitro activation of rat HSCs, and whether the enzymes were released from the cells. Furthermore, given the important role of the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor (M6P/IGF-IIR) in the intracellular transport of lysosomal enzymes, we have examined whether changes in the activity of these proteases were associated with parallel changes in the level of the M6P/IGF-IIR. The activity of cathepsin B and D increased ∼4 times between 2 and 8 days of HSC culture. This result was supported by analysing mRNA expression by RT-PCR. The cells released the enzymes into the culture medium, amounting to ∼10% of the cell-associated activity over 24 h. The release of enzymes was not affected by reducing medium pH from 7.4 to 6.2, indicating that the enzymes were transported to the medium independently of the M6P/IGF-II-R. The released cathepsin B was mostly in the inactive proenzyme form. HSC activation led to a particularly large increase in M6P/IGF-IIR expression. A large proportion of the receptors was located on the cell surface and was found to be very suitable for measuring endocytosis of (125) I-IGF-II. The results show that the endocytic activity increased in parallel with the increase in surface receptors and activity of lysosomal enzymes. Degradation of the ligand was reduced by inhibitors of lysosomal proteases and therefore took place in lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mousavi
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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37
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McKleroy W, Lee TH, Atabai K. Always cleave up your mess: targeting collagen degradation to treat tissue fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 304:L709-21. [PMID: 23564511 PMCID: PMC3680761 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00418.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a vexing clinical problem with no proven therapeutic options. In the normal lung there is continuous collagen synthesis and collagen degradation, and these two processes are precisely balanced to maintain normal tissue architecture. With lung injury there is an increase in the rate of both collagen production and collagen degradation. The increase in collagen degradation is critical in preventing the formation of permanent scar tissue each time the lung is exposed to injury. In pulmonary fibrosis, collagen degradation does not keep pace with collagen production, resulting in extracellular accumulation of fibrillar collagen. Collagen degradation occurs through both extracellular and intracellular pathways. The extracellular pathway involves cleavage of collagen fibrils by proteolytic enzyme including the metalloproteinases. The less-well-described intracellular pathway involves binding and uptake of collagen fragments by fibroblasts and macrophages for lysosomal degradation. The relationship between these two pathways and their relevance to the development of fibrosis is complex. Fibrosis in the lung, liver, and skin has been associated with an impaired degradative environment. Much of the current scientific effort in fibrosis is focused on understanding the pathways that regulate increased collagen production. However, recent reports suggest an important role for collagen turnover and degradation in regulating the severity of tissue fibrosis. The objective of this review is to evaluate the roles of the extracellular and intracellular collagen degradation pathways in the development of fibrosis and to examine whether pulmonary fibrosis can be viewed as a disease of impaired matrix degradation rather than a disease of increased matrix production.
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Affiliation(s)
- William McKleroy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lung Biology Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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38
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Abstract
The MR is a highly effective endocytic receptor with a broad binding specificity encompassing ligands of microbial and endogenous origin and a poorly characterized ability to modulate cellular activation. This review provides an update of the latest developments in the field. It discusses how MR biology might be affected by glycosylation and proteolytic processing, MR involvement in antigen delivery, and the potential contribution of MR to T cell differentiation and cellular activation. Further understanding of these areas will, no doubt, inform the design of novel, therapeutic tools for improved vaccination, control of inflammation, and tumor chemotherapy, which will benefit from exploiting MR-efficient internalization properties and unique pattern of expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Martinez-Pomares
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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39
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Singh B, Fleury C, Jalalvand F, Riesbeck K. Human pathogens utilize host extracellular matrix proteins laminin and collagen for adhesion and invasion of the host. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2012; 36:1122-80. [PMID: 22537156 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin (Ln) and collagen are multifunctional glycoproteins that play an important role in cellular morphogenesis, cell signalling, tissue repair and cell migration. These proteins are ubiquitously present in tissues as a part of the basement membrane (BM), constitute a protective layer around blood capillaries and are included in the extracellular matrix (ECM). As a component of BMs, both Lns and collagen(s), thus function as major mechanical containment molecules that protect tissues from pathogens. Invasive pathogens breach the basal lamina and degrade ECM proteins of interstitial spaces and connective tissues using various ECM-degrading proteases or surface-bound plasminogen and matrix metalloproteinases recruited from the host. Most pathogens associated with the respiratory, gastrointestinal, or urogenital tracts, as well as with the central nervous system or the skin, have the capacity to bind and degrade Lns and collagen(s) in order to adhere to and invade host tissues. In this review, we focus on the adaptability of various pathogens to utilize these ECM proteins as enhancers for adhesion to host tissues or as a targets for degradation in order to breach the cellular barriers. The major pathogens discussed are Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Yersinia, Treponema, Mycobacterium, Clostridium, Listeria, Porphyromonas and Haemophilus; Candida, Aspergillus, Pneumocystis, Cryptococcus and Coccidioides; Acanthamoeba, Trypanosoma and Trichomonas; retrovirus and papilloma virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra Singh
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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40
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Madsen DH, Jürgensen HJ, Ingvarsen S, Melander MC, Vainer B, Egerod KL, Hald A, Rønø B, Madsen CA, Bugge TH, Engelholm LH, Behrendt N. Endocytic collagen degradation: a novel mechanism involved in protection against liver fibrosis. J Pathol 2012; 227:94-105. [PMID: 22294280 DOI: 10.1002/path.3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis of the liver and its end-stage, cirrhosis, represent major health problems worldwide. In these fibrotic conditions, activated fibroblasts and hepatic stellate cells display a net deposition of collagen. This collagen deposition is a major factor leading to liver dysfunction, thus making it crucially important to understand both the collagen synthesis and turnover mechanisms in this condition. Here we show that the endocytic collagen receptor, uPARAP/Endo180, is a major determinant in governing the balance between collagen deposition and degradation. Cirrhotic human livers displayed a marked up-regulation of uPARAP/Endo180 in activated fibroblasts and hepatic stellate cells located close to the collagen deposits. In a hepatic stellate cell line, uPARAP/Endo180 was shown to be active in, and required for, the uptake and intracellular degradation of collagen. To evaluate the functional importance of this collagen receptor in vivo, liver fibrosis was induced in uPARAP/Endo180-deficient mice and littermate wild-type mice by chronic CCl(4) administration. A strong up-regulation of uPARAP/Endo180 was observed in wild-type mice, and a quantitative comparison of collagen deposits in the two groups of mice clearly revealed a fibrosis protective role of uPARAP/Endo180. This effect appeared to directly reflect the activity of the collagen receptor, since no compensatory events were noted when comparing the mRNA expression profiles of the two groups of mice in an array system focused on matrix-degrading components. This function of uPARAP/Endo180 defines a novel role of intracellular collagen turnover in fibrosis protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Madsen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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41
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Caley MP, Kogianni G, Adamarek A, Gronau JH, Rodriguez-Teja M, Fonseca AV, Mauri F, Sandison A, Rhim JS, Pchejetski D, Palmieri C, Cobb JP, Waxman J, Sturge J. TGFβ1-Endo180-dependent collagen deposition is dysregulated at the tumour-stromal interface in bone metastasis. J Pathol 2011; 226:775-83. [PMID: 22072289 DOI: 10.1002/path.3958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular niches in adult tissue can harbour dysregulated microenvironments that become the driving force behind disease progression. The major environmental change when metastatic cells arrive in the bone is the destruction of mineralized type I collagen matrix. Once metastatic niches establish in bone, the invading tumour cells initiate a vicious cycle of osteolytic lesion formation via the dysregulation of paracrine signals and uncoupling of normal bone resorption and production. Here we report that the collagen receptor Endo180 (CD280, MRC2, uPARAP) participates in collagen deposition by primary human osteoblasts during de novo osteoid formation. This newly recognized function of Endo180 was suppressed in osteoblasts following heterotypic direct cell-cell contact in co-culture with prostate tumour cells. Reciprocal Endo180 up-regulation in osteolytic prostate tumour cells (PC3 and DU145) followed their direct contact with osteoblasts and promoted de novo collagen internalization, which is a previously characterized function of the constitutively recycling Endo180 receptor. The osteoblastic suppression and tumour cell-associated enhancement of Endo180 expression were equally sustained in these direct co-cultures. These findings are the first to demonstrate that increased tumour cell participation in collagen degradation and decreased collagen formation by osteoblasts in the osteolytic microenvironment are linked to the divergent regulation of a collagen-binding receptor. Immunohistochemical analysis of core biopsies from bone metastasis revealed higher levels of Endo180 expression in tumour cell foci than cells in the surrounding stroma. Additional experiments in prostate cell-osteoblast co-cultures indicate that divergent regulation of Endo180 is the result of dysregulated TGFβ1 signalling. The findings of this study provide a rationale for targeting collagen remodelling by Endo180 in bone metastases and other collagen matrix pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Caley
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK
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42
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Shi F, Sottile J. MT1-MMP regulates the turnover and endocytosis of extracellular matrix fibronectin. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:4039-50. [PMID: 22159414 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.087858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is dynamically remodeled by cells during development, normal tissue homeostasis and in a variety of disease processes. We previously showed that fibronectin is an important regulator of ECM remodeling. The deposition and/or polymerization of fibronectin into the ECM controls the deposition and stability of other ECM molecules. In addition, agents that inhibit fibronectin polymerization promote the turnover of fibronectin fibrils and enhance ECM fibronectin endocytosis and intracellular degradation. Endocytosis of ECM fibronectin is regulated by β1 integrins, including α5β1 integrin. We have examined the role of extracellular proteases in regulating ECM fibronectin turnover. Our data show that membrane type matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MT1-MMP; also known as MMP14) is a crucial regulator of fibronectin turnover. Cells lacking MT1-MMP show reduced turnover and endocytosis of ECM fibronectin. MT1-MMP regulates ECM fibronectin remodeling by promoting extracellular cleavage of fibronectin and by regulating α5β1-integrin endocytosis. Our data also show that fibronectin polymerization stabilizes fibronectin fibrils and inhibits ECM fibronectin endocytosis by inhibiting α5β1-integrin endocytosis. These data are the first to show that an ECM protein and its modifying enzyme can regulate integrin endocytosis. These data also show that integrin trafficking plays a major role in modulating ECM fibronectin remodeling. The dual dependence of ECM fibronectin turnover on extracellular proteolysis and endocytosis highlights the complex regulatory mechanisms that control ECM remodeling to ensure maintenance of proper tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box CVRI, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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43
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López-Guisa JM, Cai X, Collins SJ, Yamaguchi I, Okamura DM, Bugge TH, Isacke CM, Emson CL, Turner SM, Shankland SJ, Eddy AA. Mannose receptor 2 attenuates renal fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 23:236-51. [PMID: 22095946 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2011030310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannose receptor 2 (Mrc2) expresses an extracellular fibronectin type II domain that binds to and internalizes collagen, suggesting that it may play a role in modulating renal fibrosis. Here, we found that Mrc2 levels were very low in normal kidneys but subsets of interstitial myofibroblasts and macrophages upregulated Mrc2 after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Renal fibrosis and renal parenchymal damage were significantly worse in Mrc2-deficient mice. Similarly, Mrc2-deficient Col4α3(-/-) mice with hereditary nephritis had significantly higher levels of total kidney collagen, serum BUN, and urinary protein than Mrc2-sufficient Col4α3(-/-) mice. The more severe phenotype seemed to be the result of reduced collagen turnover, because procollagen III (α1) mRNA levels and fractional collagen synthesis in the wild-type and Mrc2-deficient kidneys were similar after UUO. Although Mrc2 associates with the urokinase receptor, differences in renal urokinase activity did not account for the increased fibrosis in the Mrc2-deficient mice. Treating wild-type mice with a cathepsin inhibitor, which blocks proteases implicated in Mrc2-mediated collagen degradation, worsened UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Cathepsin mRNA profiles were similar in Mrc2-positive fibroblasts and macrophages, and Mrc2 genotype did not alter relative cathepsin mRNA levels. Taken together, these data establish an important fibrosis-attenuating role for Mrc2-expressing renal interstitial cells and suggest the involvement of a lysosomal collagen turnover pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M López-Guisa
- Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101-1309, USA
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44
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Bundesmann MM, Wagner TE, Chow YH, Altemeier WA, Steinbach T, Schnapp LM. Role of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein in mouse lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 46:233-9. [PMID: 21940816 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0485oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (uPARAP, or Endo180) is a transmembrane endocytic receptor that mediates collagen internalization and degradation. uPARAP may be a novel pathway for collagen turnover and matrix remodeling in the lung. The function of uPARAP in lung injury has not been described. We analyzed the pulmonary mechanics of uPARAP(-/-) and wild-type mice at baseline and examined their response after bleomycin instillation. We compared collagen internalization in primary mouse lung fibroblasts (MLFs) from wild-type and uPARAP(-/-) mice using flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy, and we examined the role of cytokines in regulating uPARAP expression and collagen internalization. We show that uPARAP is highly expressed in the lung, and that uPARAP(-/-) mice have increased lung elastance at baseline and after injury. uPARAP(-/-) mice are protected from changes in lung permeability after acute lung injury and have increased collagen content after bleomycin injury. uPARAP is the primary pathway for internalization of collagens in MLFs. Furthermore, collagen internalization through uPARAP does not require matrix metalloproteinase digestion and is independent of integrins. Mediators of lung injury, including transforming growth factor-β, TNF-α, and IL-1, down-regulate both uPARAP expression and collagen internalization. uPARAP is highly expressed in the murine lung, and loss of uPARAP leads to differences in lung mechanics, lung permeability, and collagen content after injury. uPARAP is required for collagen internalization by MLFs. Thus, uPARAP is a novel pathway that regulates matrix remodeling in the lung after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Bundesmann
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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45
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Jürgensen HJ, Madsen DH, Ingvarsen S, Melander MC, Gårdsvoll H, Patthy L, Engelholm LH, Behrendt N. A novel functional role of collagen glycosylation: interaction with the endocytic collagen receptor uparap/ENDO180. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:32736-48. [PMID: 21768090 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.266692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagens make up the most abundant component of interstitial extracellular matrices and basement membranes. Collagen remodeling is a crucial process in many normal physiological events and in several pathological conditions. Some collagen subtypes contain specific carbohydrate side chains, the function of which is poorly known. The endocytic collagen receptor urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (uPARAP)/Endo180 plays an important role in matrix remodeling through its ability to internalize collagen for lysosomal degradation. uPARAP/Endo180 is a member of the mannose receptor protein family. These proteins all include a fibronectin type II domain and a series of C-type lectin-like domains, of which only a minor part possess carbohydrate recognition activity. At least two of the family members, uPARAP/Endo180 and the mannose receptor, interact with collagens. The molecular basis for this interaction is known to involve the fibronectin type II domain but nothing is known about the function of the lectin domains in this respect. In this study, we have investigated a possible role of the single active lectin domain of uPARAP/Endo180 in the interaction with collagens. By expressing truncated recombinant uPARAP/Endo180 proteins and analyzing their interaction with collagens with high and low levels of glycosylation we demonstrated that this lectin domain interacts directly with glycosylated collagens. This interaction is functionally important because it was found to modulate the endocytic efficiency of the receptor toward highly glycosylated collagens such as basement membrane collagen IV. Surprisingly, this property was not shared by the mannose receptor, which internalized glycosylated collagens independently of its lectin function. This role of modulating its uptake efficiency by a specific receptor is a previously unrecognized function of collagen glycosylation.
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46
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Abstract
Cell migration is a complex biological process that is under the tight control of diverse signaling events. While many of the involved signaling molecules diffuse rapidly within cells, it now seems that certain key regulators of cell migration prefer to travel on endosomes. In this review we will discuss the multiple roles of signaling endosomes in regulation of local migration stimuli, dynamics of focal adhesions, cell contractility and locomotion.
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47
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Shi F, Harman J, Fujiwara K, Sottile J. Collagen I matrix turnover is regulated by fibronectin polymerization. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 298:C1265-75. [PMID: 20107040 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00341.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling occurs during normal homeostasis and also plays an important role during development, tissue repair, and in various disease processes. ECM remodeling involves changes in the synthesis, deposition, and degradation of ECM molecules. ECM molecules can be degraded extracellularly, as well as intracellularly following endocytosis. Our data show that the ECM protein fibronectin is an important regulator of ECM remodeling. We previously showed that agents that inhibit the polymerization of fibronectin into ECM fibrils promote the loss of preexisting fibronectin matrix and accelerate fibronectin endocytosis and degradation. In this paper we show that inhibition of fibronectin polymerization leads to the loss of collagen I matrix fibrils and a corresponding increase in the levels of endocytosed collagen I. In contrast, manipulations that stabilize fibronectin matrix fibrils, such as caveolin-1 depletion, stabilize collagen I matrix fibrils and cause a decrease in ECM collagen I endocytosis. Our data also show that endocytosis of ECM collagen I is regulated by both beta1 integrins and Endo180/urokinase plasminogen activator associated protein (uPARAP). Unexpectedly, Endo180/uPARAP was also shown to promote the endocytosis of fibronectin from the ECM. These data demonstrate that fibronectin polymerization regulates the remodeling of ECM collagen I, in part, by regulating collagen I endocytosis. Furthermore, these data show that processes that regulate ECM deposition coordinately regulate the removal of proteins from the ECM. These data highlight the complexity of ECM remodeling. This multifaceted regulatory process may be important to ensure tight regulation of ECM fibronectin and collagen I levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Univ. of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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48
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Messaritou G, East L, Roghi C, Isacke CM, Yarwood H. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase activity is regulated by the endocytic collagen receptor Endo180. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:4042-8. [PMID: 19861500 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.044305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular interactions leading to organised, controlled extracellular matrix degradation are of central importance during growth, development and tissue repair, and when deregulated contribute to disease processes including cancer cell invasion. There are two major pathways for collagen degradation: one dependent on secreted and membrane-bound collagenases, the other on receptor-mediated collagen internalisation and intracellular processing. Despite the established importance of both pathways, the functional interaction between them is largely unknown. We demonstrate here, that the collagen internalisation receptor Endo180 (also known as CD280, uPARAP, MRC2) is a novel regulator of membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) activity, MT1-MMP-dependent MMP-2 activation and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) activity. We show close correlation between Endo180 expression, collagen accumulation and regulation of MT1-MMP cell-surface localisation and activity. We directly demonstrate, using collagen inhibition studies and non-collagen-binding mutants of Endo180, that the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation is the ability of Endo180 to bind and/or internalise collagens, rather than by acting as an interaction partner for pro-uPA and its receptor uPAR. These studies strongly support a functional interaction between two distinct collagen degradation pathways, define a novel mechanism regulating MT1-MMP activity and might have important implications for organised collagen clearance in the pericellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Messaritou
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
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49
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Fasquelle C, Sartelet A, Li W, Dive M, Tamma N, Michaux C, Druet T, Huijbers IJ, Isacke CM, Coppieters W, Georges M, Charlier C. Balancing selection of a frame-shift mutation in the MRC2 gene accounts for the outbreak of the Crooked Tail Syndrome in Belgian Blue Cattle. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000666. [PMID: 19779552 PMCID: PMC2739430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein describe the positional identification of a 2-bp deletion in the open reading frame of the MRC2 receptor causing the recessive Crooked Tail Syndrome in cattle. The resulting frame-shift reveals a premature stop codon that causes nonsense-mediated decay of the mutant messenger RNA, and the virtual absence of functional Endo180 protein in affected animals. Cases exhibit skeletal anomalies thought to result from impaired extracellular matrix remodeling during ossification, and as of yet unexplained muscular symptoms. We demonstrate that carrier status is very significantly associated with desired characteristics in the general population, including enhanced muscular development, and that the resulting heterozygote advantage caused a selective sweep which explains the unexpectedly high frequency (25%) of carriers in the Belgian Blue Cattle Breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Fasquelle
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Sartelet
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Wanbo Li
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Dive
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nico Tamma
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Charles Michaux
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tom Druet
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ivo J. Huijbers
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare M. Isacke
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter Coppieters
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel Georges
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carole Charlier
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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50
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Mousavi SA, Fønhus MS, Berg T. Up-regulation of uPARAP/Endo180 during culture activation of rat hepatic stellate cells and its presence in hepatic stellate cell lines from different species. BMC Cell Biol 2009; 10:39. [PMID: 19432973 PMCID: PMC2689179 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-10-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor associated protein (uPARAP)/Endo180 is a novel endocytic receptor that mediates collagen uptake and is implicated to play a role in physiological and pathological tissue-remodelling processes by mediating intracellular collagen degradation. Result This study investigates the expression of uPARAP/Endo180 protein and messenger RNA in primary rat hepatic stellate cell (HSC) cultures. The results show that uPARAP/Endo180 protein is not expressed in freshly isolated HSCs or during the first few days of culture while the cells still display quiescent features. In contrast, uPARAP/Endo180 protein is expressed early during HSC activation when cells are transdifferentiated into myofibroblast-like cells. Very low levels of uPARAP/Endo180 mRNA are detectable during the first days of culture but uPARAP/Endo180 mRNA is strongly up-regulated with increasing time in culture. Moreover, endocytic uptake of denatured collagen increases as transdifferentiation proceeds over time and correlates with increased expression of uPARAP/Endo180. Finally, analysis of uPARAP/Endo180 expression in four hepatic stellate cell lines from three different species showed that all these cell lines express uPARAP/Endo180 and are able to take up denatured collagen efficiently. Conclusion These results demonstrate that uPARAP/Endo180 expression by rat HSCs is strongly up-regulated during culture activation and identify this receptor as a feature common to culture-activated HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed A Mousavi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
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