1
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Podolsky MJ, Kheyfets B, Pandey M, Beigh AH, Yang CD, Lizama CO, Datta R, Lin LL, Wang Z, Wolters PJ, McManus MT, Qi L, Atabai K. Genome-wide screens identify SEL1L as an intracellular rheostat controlling collagen turnover. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1531. [PMID: 38378719 PMCID: PMC10879544 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has implicated impaired extracellular matrix (ECM) clearance as a key factor in fibrotic disease. Despite decades of research elucidating the effectors of ECM clearance, relatively little is understood regarding the upstream regulation of this process. Collagen is the most abundant constituent of normal and fibrotic ECM in mammalian tissues. Its catabolism occurs through extracellular proteolysis and cell-mediated uptake of collagen fragments for intracellular degradation. Given the paucity of information regarding the regulation of this latter process, here we execute unbiased genome-wide screens to understand the molecular underpinnings of cell-mediated collagen clearance. Using this approach, we discover a mechanism through which collagen biosynthesis is sensed by cells internally and directly regulates clearance of extracellular collagen. The sensing mechanism appears to be dependent on endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein SEL1L and occurs via a noncanonical function of this protein. This pathway functions as a homeostatic negative feedback loop that limits collagen accumulation in tissues. In human fibrotic lung disease, the induction of this collagen clearance pathway by collagen synthesis is impaired, thereby contributing to the pathological accumulation of collagen in lung tissue. Thus, we describe cell-autonomous, rheostatic collagen clearance as an important pathway of tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Podolsky
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Benjamin Kheyfets
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monika Pandey
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Afaq H Beigh
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carlos O Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ritwik Datta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liangguang L Lin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Paul J Wolters
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael T McManus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Datta R, Mukherjee D, Podolsky MJ, Yang CD, Alba DL, Singh S, Arnold TD, Koliwad S, Lizama CO, Atabai K. PTP1B mediates the inhibitory effect of MFGE8 on insulin signaling through the β5 integrin. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105631. [PMID: 38199575 PMCID: PMC10850974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrins are cell adhesion receptors that dimerize to mediate cell-cell interactions and regulate processes, including proliferation, inflammation, and tissue repair. The role of integrins in regulating insulin signaling is incompletely understood. We have previously shown that binding of the integrin ligand milk fat globule epidermal growth factor like 8 (MFGE8) to the αvβ5 integrin promotes termination of insulin receptor signaling in mice. Upon ligation of MFGE8, integrin β5 complexes with the insulin receptor beta (IRβ) in skeletal muscle, resulting in dephosphorylation of IRβ and reduction of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Here, we investigate the mechanism by which the interaction between β5 and IRβ impacts IRβ phosphorylation status. We show in in vitro and in vivo in skeletal muscle in mice that antibody-mediated blockade of the β5 integrin inhibits and recombinant MFGE8 promotes PTP1B binding to and dephosphorylation of IRβ resulting in increased or reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, respectively. The β5-PTP1B complex is recruited by MFGE8 to IRβ leading to termination of canonical insulin signaling. β5 blockade enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in wildtype but not Ptp1b KO mice indicating that PTP1B functions downstream of MFGE8 in modulating insulin receptor signaling. Furthermore, in a human cohort, we report serum MFGE8 levels correlate with indices of insulin resistance. These data provide mechanistic insights into the role of MFGE8 and β5 in regulating insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Datta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dibyanti Mukherjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Diana L Alba
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sukhmani Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas D Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Suneil Koliwad
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carlos O Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Kim CK, Mekhail JT, Morcos DM, Yang CD, Kedhar SR, Kim C, Del Valle Estopinal M, Lee OL. Three cases of recalcitrant Paecilomyces keratitis in Southern California within a short period. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2024; 14:1. [PMID: 38175332 PMCID: PMC10766921 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-023-00380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this report is to describe the risk factors, clinical course, and characteristics of three cases of Paecilomyces keratitis presenting concurrently within three months in the same location. We used in vivo confocal microscopy and histopathology to corroborate our clinical findings. OBSERVATIONS Three eyes of three elderly patients with culture-proven Paecilomyces keratitis were included in this series. These patients resided within a 15-mile radius and presented to a tertiary care eye institute in Southern California between February and April 2022. All three eyes experienced a prolonged, recalcitrant course with recurrence of keratitis in donor corneal tissue despite antifungal therapy and multiple therapeutic penetrating keratoplasties. In vivo confocal microscopy, histopathology, and microbiologic findings corroborated the diagnosis of fungal keratitis with Paecilomyces. With surgical intervention and extensive medical therapy, all three cases resolved after the addition of oral Posaconazole. CONCLUSIONS Paecilomyces is a rare cause of infectious keratitis. Herein we report three similar cases in elderly patients. All had prolonged, recalcitrant infections that required multiple treatment modalities. Our cases, which were supported by in vivo confocal microscopy and histopathology, highlight the importance of timely and aggressive therapy to prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine K Kim
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.
| | - Joseph T Mekhail
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - David M Morcos
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Sanjay R Kedhar
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Cinthia Kim
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Maria Del Valle Estopinal
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Olivia L Lee
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
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Chang MM, Yang CD, Ly HQ, Lin KY. Response to Letter to the Editor: Anterior Chamber Washout During Ahmed Valve Glaucoma Surgery Reduces the Incidence of Hypertensive Phase. J Glaucoma 2023; 32:e135-e136. [PMID: 37585428 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huy Q Ly
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, UC Irvine
| | - Ken Y Lin
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, UC Irvine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering UC Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Lam MR, Yang CD, Colmenarez JA, Dong P, Gu L, Suh DW. The role of intrapartum fetal head compression in neonatal retinal hemorrhage. J AAPOS 2023; 27:267.e1-267.e7. [PMID: 37722620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neonatal retinal hemorrhage is a common finding in newborns, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. A computational simulation was designed to study the events taking place in the eye and orbit when the head is compressed as the neonate passes through the birth canal. METHODS A finite element model of the eye, optic nerve sheath, and orbit was simulated and subjected to forces mimicking rises in intracranial pressure (ICP) associated with maternal contractions during normal vaginal delivery. Resulting changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), pressure in the optic nerve sheath, and stress within the sclera and retina were measured. RESULTS During contractions, increased ICP was transmitted to the orbit, globe, and optic nerve sheath. IOP rose by 2.71 kPa near the posterior pole. Pressure at the center of the optic nerve sheath rose by 7.31 kPa and up to 9.30 kPa at its interface with the sclera. Stress in the retina was highest near the optic disk and reached 10.93, 10.99, and 13.28 kPa in the preretinal, intraretinal, and subretinal layers, respectively. Stress in the sclera peaked at 12.76 kPa. CONCLUSIONS Increasing ICP associated with natural vaginal delivery increases intraorbital pressure, which applies stress to the retina. Associated retinal deformation may cause tearing of the retinal vasculature. Increased pressure within the optic nerve sheath may occlude the central retinal vein, resulting in outflow obstruction and subsequent rupture. Forces accumulated near the optic disk, likely accounting for the tendency of neonatal retinal hemorrhage to occur posteriorly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Lam
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona.
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Jose A Colmenarez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida
| | - Pengfei Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida
| | - Linxia Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida
| | - Donny W Suh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
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Podolsky MJ, Kheyfets B, Pandey M, Beigh AH, Yang CD, Lizama Valenzuela C, Datta R, Wolters PJ, McManus M, Qi L, Atabai K. Genome-wide screens identify SEL1L as an intracellular rheostat controlling collagen turnover. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.13.523943. [PMID: 36711851 PMCID: PMC9882208 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.13.523943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has implicated impaired extracellular matrix (ECM) clearance as a key factor in fibrotic disease. Despite decades of research elucidating the effectors of ECM clearance, relatively little is understood regarding the upstream regulation of this process. Collagen is the most abundant constituent of normal and fibrotic ECM in mammalian tissues. Its catabolism occurs through extracellular proteolysis and cell-mediated uptake of collagen fragments for intracellular degradation. Given the paucity of information regarding the regulation of this latter process, we executed unbiased genome-wide screens to understand the molecular underpinnings of cell-mediated collagen clearance. Using this approach, we discovered a previously unappreciated mechanism through which collagen biosynthesis is sensed by cells internally and directly regulates clearance of extracellular collagen. The sensing mechanism is dependent on endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein SEL1L and occurs via a noncanonical function of SEL1L. This pathway functions as a homeostatic negative feedback loop that limits collagen accumulation in tissues. In human fibrotic lung disease, the induction of this collagen clearance pathway by collagen synthesis is impaired, thereby contributing to the pathological accumulation of collagen in lung tissue. Thus cell-autonomous, rheostatic collagen clearance is a previously unidentified pathway of tissue homeostasis.
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7
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Datta R, Podolsky MJ, Yang CD, Alba DL, Singh S, Koliwad S, Lizama CO, Atabai K. MFGE8 inhibits insulin signaling through PTP1B. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.30.542928. [PMID: 37398282 PMCID: PMC10312531 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of integrins in regulating insulin signaling is incompletely understood. We have previously shown that binding of the integrin ligand milk fat globule epidermal growth factor like 8 (MFGE8) to the αvβ5 integrin promotes termination of insulin receptor signaling in mice. Upon ligation of MFGE8, β5 complexes with the insulin receptor beta (IRβ) in skeletal muscle resulting in dephosphorylation of IRβ and reduction of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Here we investigate the mechanism by which the interaction between β5 and IRβ impacts IRβ phosphorylation status. We show that β5 blockade inhibits and MFGE8 promotes PTP1B binding to and dephosphorylation of IRβ resulting in reduced or increased insulin-stimulated myotube glucose uptake respectively. The β5-PTP1B complex is recruited by MFGE8 to IRβ leading to termination of canonical insulin signaling. β5 blockade enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in wild type but not Ptp1b KO mice indicating that PTP1B functions downstream of MFGE8 in modulating insulin receptor signaling. Furthermore, in a human cohort, we report serum MFGE8 levels correlate with indices of insulin resistance. These data provide mechanistic insights into the role of MFGE8 and β5 in regulating insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Datta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Diana L. Alba
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Sukhmani Singh
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Suneil Koliwad
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Carlos O Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
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Chang MM, Yang CD, Ly HQ, Minckler DS, Lin KY. Anterior Chamber Washout During Ahmed Valve Glaucoma Surgery Reduces the Incidence of Hypertensive Phase. J Glaucoma 2023; 32:333-339. [PMID: 36946974 PMCID: PMC10133172 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS Intraoperative anterior chamber (AC) washout reduces the odds of hypertensive phase (HP) by 95% compared with those not receiving washout during Ahmed glaucoma implant (AGI), suggesting AC washout is an effective prophylaxis for postoperative HP. PURPOSE To characterize the incidence of postoperative HP in patients receiving AC washout at the time of AGI. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 24 patients with medically refractory glaucoma who underwent AGI surgery at a tertiary academic medical center in Southern California from December 2018 through March 2021 were included in this retrospective comparative case series. Patients who received a pediatric implant and underwent concurrent intraocular surgery or did not complete a minimum of 6 months of follow-up were excluded. Nine patient's eyes received AC washout and 15 controls that were analyzed through 6 months postprocedure. HP was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) above 21 mm Hg within 6 months postprocedure with maximum tolerated medical therapy. AC washout was performed by irrigating the AC with a 5 mL balanced salt solution before placing the tube of the AGI into the AC. The rate of postoperative HP, defined as peak IOP >21 mm Hg, at 6 months follow-up, was observed as the primary outcome measure. RESULTS Patients included in the study had a high mean preoperative IOP ( X̅ = 44.11, SD = 13.85). There were no baseline differences between the washout and control groups. The odds of HP were significantly reduced (odds ratio: 0.050; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.706; P = 0.027) for patients who underwent intraoperative AC washout compared with those who did not. Bivariate analysis of subject baseline characteristics revealed that only washout status was significantly different in subjects with HP compared with subjects without HP ( P = 0.015). A multivariate logistic regression model using washout status and autoimmune conditions as covariates was significant in predicting HP ( X2 (2) = 12.337, P = 0.002), with washout as a significant predictor when controlling for autoimmune comorbidities ( P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS AC washout significantly decreases the odds of HP after AGI surgery. AC washout with balanced salt solution adds minimal time and risks to surgery and therefore may be an effective adjunct during AGI placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Chang
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92697
| | - Christopher D. Yang
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92697
| | - Huy Q. Ly
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UC Irvine, Irvine California, 92697
| | - Donald S. Minckler
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UC Irvine, Irvine California, 92697
| | - Ken Y. Lin
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92697
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UC Irvine, Irvine California, 92697
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine California 92697
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C Yang M, D Yang C, Y Lin K. How Many Fenestrations Should I Make When Placing a Baerveldt Glaucoma Implant? A Laboratory Study. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2023; 18:157-163. [PMID: 37181610 PMCID: PMC10172796 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v18i2.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigates the effect of one versus two fenestrations on both fluid egress and opening pressure from a non-valved glaucoma implant. Methods In this laboratory study, we used an in vitro closed system comprised of ligated silicone tubing connected to a fluid reservoir and manometer to simulate the tubing found in a Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant. Fenestrations were created using an 8-0 Vicryl TG140-8 suture needle. Main outcome measures included volume of fluid egress and fenestration opening pressures, which were measured via micropipette and increasing pressure until fluid egress was observed. Results No significant difference was observed in fluid egress between tubing with one versus two fenestrations at pressures ≤40 mmHg. At 50 mmHg, a statistically significant difference was observed in fluid egress between tubing with one versus two fenestrations (P < 0.05). The first fenestration opened at 10.5 ± 3.77 mmHg and the second fenestration opened at 28.83 ± 5.09 mmHg (average ± standard deviation). Conclusion Our in vitro findings suggest there may exist a critical pressure >40 mmHg at which the second fenestration starts to play a significant role in fluid drainage. There may be no difference in the amount of fluid egress and effect on intraocular pressure between one or two tube fenestrations when preoperative intraocular pressure is ≤40 mmHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Yang
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Ken Y Lin
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
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Datta R, Gholampour MA, Yang CD, Volk R, Lin S, Podolsky MJ, Arnold T, Rieder F, Zaro BW, Verzi M, Lehner R, Abumrad N, Lizama CO, Atabai K. MFGE8 links absorption of dietary fatty acids with catabolism of enterocyte lipid stores through HNF4γ-dependent transcription of CES enzymes. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112249. [PMID: 36924494 PMCID: PMC10138282 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterocytes modulate the extent of postprandial lipemia by storing dietary fats in cytoplasmic lipid droplets (cLDs). We have previously shown that the integrin ligand MFGE8 links absorption of dietary fats with activation of triglyceride (TG) hydrolases that catabolize cLDs for chylomicron production. Here, we identify CES1D as the key hydrolase downstream of the MFGE8-αvβ5 integrin pathway that regulates catabolism of diet-derived cLDs. Mfge8 knockout (KO) enterocytes have reduced CES1D transcript and protein levels and reduced protein levels of the transcription factor HNF4γ. Both Ces1d and Hnf4γ KO mice have decreased enterocyte TG hydrolase activity coupled with retention of TG in cLDs. Mechanistically, MFGE8-dependent fatty acid uptake through CD36 stabilizes HNF4γ protein level; HNF4γ then increases Ces1d transcription. Our work identifies a regulatory network that regulates the severity of postprandial lipemia by linking dietary fat absorption with protein stabilization of a transcription factor that increases expression of hydrolases responsible for catabolizing diet-derived cLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Datta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Mohammad A Gholampour
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Regan Volk
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Thomas Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Balyn W Zaro
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Richard Lehner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Nada Abumrad
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Carlos O Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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11
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Yang CD, Jessen J, Lin KY. Ultrasound-assisted ocular drug delivery: A review of current evidence. J Clin Ultrasound 2022; 50:685-693. [PMID: 35474512 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient ocular drug delivery is a challenging clinical problem with various therapeutic options but no clearly preferred methodology. Given the ubiquity of ultrasound as a diagnostic technique, the safety profile of ultrasound in an ocular context, and the prospect of custom-made ultrasound-sensitive contrast agents, ultrasound presents an attractive ocular drug delivery modality. In this review, we evaluate our present understanding of ultrasound as it relates to ocular drug delivery and significant knowledge gaps in the field. In doing so, we hope to call attention to a potentially novel drug delivery pathway that could be manipulated to treat or cure ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jordan Jessen
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ken Y Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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12
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Zhu XX, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhao L, Yang CD, Zhao Y. [Recommendations of diagnosis and treatment of adult-onset Still's disease in China]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:370-376. [PMID: 35340182 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20211115-00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic autoinflammatory disorder. In China, standardized diagnosis and treatment for AOSD is insufficient. Based on the evidence from China and other countries, Chinese Rheumatology Association developed standardization of diagnosis and treatment of AOSD in China. The purpose is to standardize the methods for diagnosis of AOSD, treatment strategies, and reduce misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis and irreversible damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, China
| | - C D Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
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13
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Wang XQ, Feng S, Shu XY, Yang CD, Zhang RY. Serum cholesterol efflux capacity is associated with coronary plaque progression in patients with coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary plaque progression is a major risk factor of adverse cardiac events in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Emerging evidence showed that attenuated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function measured by cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) was associated with development of atherosclerosis independent of HDL cholesterol level. In this study, we sought to investigate whether CEC is a predictor for coronary plaque progression in CHD patients.
Methods
We consecutively enrolled CHD patients from January 2017 to August 2019 in our Hospital who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention and had at least one non-target coronary lesion. Follow-up coronary angiography were performed at around 12 months. Fluorescence-labeled cholesterol and J774 macrophages were used to measure the CEC of ApoB-depleted serum sample from all patients. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed both at baseline and follow-up to analyze the plaque progression.
Results
A total of 430 CHD patients with 586 non-target coronary lesions were included in the final analysis. During a mean follow-up time of 381.04±59.52 days, patients with decreased CEC presented more severe plaque progression (net luminal loss in highest to lowest CEC quartile: 0.22±0.42mm vs 0.20±0.41mm vs 0.13±0.36mm vs 0.11±0.34mm, p=0.035). In multivariate analysis, baseline CEC was independently associated with coronary plaque progression after adjustment for traditional risk factors including HDL cholesterol and ApoA-I, no matter treated as categorical variable (OR: 0.382 [95% CI 0.180–0.781] for highest to lowest quartile) or continuous variable (OR: 0.522 [95% CI 0.373–0.714] for per SD increase]. Furthermore, CEC demonstrated a better power in predicting coronary plaque progression compared with HDL cholesterol concentration (AUC=0.644 vs 0.514).
Conclusions
This study suggests that HDL function reflected by serum CEC is an independent predictor for coronary plaque progression in CHD patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Wang
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - S Feng
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - X Y Shu
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - C D Yang
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - R Y Zhang
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
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14
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Abstract
In pathological fibrosis, aberrant tissue remodeling with excess extracellular matrix leads to organ dysfunction and eventual morbidity. Diseases of fibrosis create significant global health and economic burdens and are often deadly. Although fibrosis has traditionally been thought of as an irreversible process, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that organ fibrosis can reverse in certain circumstances, especially if an underlying cause of injury can be removed. This body of evidence has uncovered more and more contributors to persistent and nonresolving tissue fibrosis. Here, we review the present knowledge on resolution of organ fibrosis and restoration of near-normal tissue architecture. We emphasize three critical areas of tissue homeostasis that are necessary for fibrosis resolution, namely, the elimination of matrix-producing cells, the clearance of excess matrix, and the regeneration of normal tissue constituents. In so doing, we also highlight how profibrotic pathways interact with one another and where there may be therapeutic opportunities to intervene and remediate pathological persistent fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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15
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Oguri Y, Shinoda K, Kim H, Alba DL, Bolus WR, Wang Q, Brown Z, Pradhan RN, Tajima K, Yoneshiro T, Ikeda K, Chen Y, Cheang RT, Tsujino K, Kim CR, Greiner VJ, Datta R, Yang CD, Atabai K, McManus MT, Koliwad SK, Spiegelman BM, Kajimura S. CD81 Controls Beige Fat Progenitor Cell Growth and Energy Balance via FAK Signaling. Cell 2020; 182:563-577.e20. [PMID: 32615086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissues dynamically remodel their cellular composition in response to external cues by stimulating beige adipocyte biogenesis; however, the developmental origin and pathways regulating this process remain insufficiently understood owing to adipose tissue heterogeneity. Here, we employed single-cell RNA-seq and identified a unique subset of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) that possessed the cell-intrinsic plasticity to give rise to beige fat. This beige APC population is proliferative and marked by cell-surface proteins, including PDGFRα, Sca1, and CD81. Notably, CD81 is not only a beige APC marker but also required for de novo beige fat biogenesis following cold exposure. CD81 forms a complex with αV/β1 and αV/β5 integrins and mediates the activation of integrin-FAK signaling in response to irisin. Importantly, CD81 loss causes diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue inflammation. These results suggest that CD81 functions as a key sensor of external inputs and controls beige APC proliferation and whole-body energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Oguri
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyeonwoo Kim
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana L Alba
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W Reid Bolus
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary Brown
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachana N Pradhan
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kazuki Tajima
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Yoneshiro
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenji Ikeda
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yong Chen
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rachel T Cheang
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kazuyuki Tsujino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Caroline R Kim
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanille Juliette Greiner
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ritwik Datta
- Department of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher D Yang
- Department of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Department of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael T McManus
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suneil K Koliwad
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Shingo Kajimura
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Podolsky MJ, Yang CD, Valenzuela CL, Datta R, Huang SK, Nishimura SL, Dallas SL, Wolters PJ, Le Saux CJ, Atabai K. Age-dependent regulation of cell-mediated collagen turnover. JCI Insight 2020; 5:137519. [PMID: 32315288 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although aging represents the most important epidemiologic risk factor for fibrotic disease, the reasons for this are incompletely understood. Excess collagen deposition in tissues is the sine qua non of tissue fibrosis and can be viewed as an imbalance between collagen production and collagen degradation. Yet we still lack a detailed understanding of the changes that take place during development, maturation, and aging in extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics. Resolution of fibrosis is impaired in aging, and this impairment may explain why age is the most important risk factor for fibrotic diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, ECM dynamics and impaired resolution of fibrosis in aging remain understudied. Here we show that cell-mediated collagen uptake and degradation are diminished in aged animals and this finding correlates with downregulation of the collagen endocytic receptor mannose receptor, C-type 2 (Mrc2). We identify myeloid zinc finger-1 as a potentially novel transcriptional regulator of Mrc2, and both this transcription factor and Mrc2 are downregulated in multiple tissues and organisms in an age-dependent manner. Thus, cell-mediated degradation of collagen is an essential process that promotes resolution of fibrosis, and impairment in this process contributes to age-related fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Steven K Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Sarah L Dallas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul J Wolters
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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17
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Gu JY, Lu C, Shi H, Yang CD. [Case series and clinical analysis of 14 cases of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 50:1033-1038. [PMID: 30562777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS), also known as Asherson's syndrome, is a special subtype of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) characterized by multiple intravascular thrombosis involving multiple organs systems or tissues simultaneously or continuously, high titer antiphospholipid antibodies and high mortality rate. This article's aims was to analyze the clinical manifestation, laboratory examination and treatment therapy of CAPS for the purpose of improving the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of the disease in clinical practice. METHODS Retrospective analysis and descriptive statistics were applied to the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of 14 CAPS cases from APS Shanghai Database (APS-SH) with catastrophic antiphospholipid. RESULTS Of the 14 CAPS patients, 12 cases satisfied the 2003 CAPS Classification Criteria accepted in the 10th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibody, and were diagnosed as definite APS and 2 cases were diagnosed as probable CAPS. Three cases were categorized as primary APS and 11 as APS secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Infection was mostly commonly seen before the onset of CAPS, followed by SLE activity and surgery. Among the involved organs, systems and tissues, brain and lung were most commonly affected sites of arterial thrombosis while peripheral vein was most commonly affected in venous thrombosis events among the clinical events. Triple positivity of anticardiolipin antibody (aCL), anti-β2 glyeoprotein I antibody (aβ2GPI), lupus anticoagulant (LA) were detected in 54.55% of the patients. Thrombocytopenia and decreased hemoglobin were frequently seen in the CAPS patients, and the majority proved to be hemolytic anemia. Of all the cases, 6 ended with death. The triple therapy strategy (anticoagulants, glucocorticoid, intravenous immunoglobulin and/or plasma exchange) could help to improve prognosis, cyclophosphamide and rituximab might benefit the patients with other comorbidities such as SLE and micro-angiopathic hemolytic anemia (MHA). CONCLUSION CAPS patients suffer from life-threatening acute multiple small vessel thrombosis with high titer of antiphospholipid antibody, potentially leading to multiple organ failure and a poor prognosis, thus early diagnosis and sufficient treatment are critical to prevent the progression of disease and improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C Lu
- Department of Rheumatism, Central Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - H Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C D Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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18
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Kong XF, Ji ZF, Ma LL, Dai XM, Yan Y, Chen HY, Yang CD, Ma LY, Dai SM, Wu LJ, Jiang LD. [A comparative study of diagnostic efficacy of different diagnostic/ classification criteria in Takayasu arteritis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:2134-7. [PMID: 27464535 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.27.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Ishikawa's, the modified Ishikawa's criteria, 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR ) classification criteria and the diagnostic model based on Chinese population in Chinese TA patients. METHODS One hundred and forty-nine patients with Takayasu arteritis and 126 patients with other vascular disorders which involved aorta or its branches were recruited in this study.All the patients were admitted to the Department of rheumatism and Immunology clinic or inpatient department of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from January 1(st), 2008 to June 31(st), 2015.General characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory results and imaging data of all the patients were collected.Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of different criteria were analyzed. RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under ROC curve of Chinese diagnostic model were 90.60%, 80.95%, 86.18%, and 85.80%, respectively, while those of Ishikawa criteria were 34.23%, 99.21%, 64.00%, and 66.70%, respectively.These four indicators of the modified Ishikawa criteria were 84.13%, 79.87%, 81.82%, and 82.00%, respectively and that of ACR criteria were 83.89%, 83.33%, 83.64%, and 83.60%, respectively.No significant difference was found between any two of Chinese diagnostic model, the modified Ishikawa criteria and ACR criteria in all the indicators.Sensitivity of Chinese diagnostic model was highest, while specificity of Ishikawa criteria was the highest.Among these four criteria, the diagnostic efficacy of Chinese model was the best and that of Ishikawa criteria was the worst. CONCLUSION Chinese diagnostic model, which is based on Chinese population and adopts advanced imaging modality, has better diagnostic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Kong
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
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19
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Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB), which is caused by Rhizoctonia solani, has become the most serious rice disease in China. Yangdao 4, a cultivar with partial resistance to ShB, was crossed with Lemont, a susceptible cultivar, to develop mapping populations that were used to analyze quantitative trait loci (QTL) that confer resistance to ShB. QTL analysis were performed in 3 environments (E1-E3) using 2 F2 and 1 F2:3 populations, respectively. Three traits were recorded to evaluate ShB resistance, including disease rating (DR), lesion height (LH), and percentage of lesion height (PLH). Based on field evaluation of ShB resistance and the 2 genetic maps constructed, we identified a total of 8 QTLs for DR (4 in E1, 4 in E2, and 3 in E3), 6 QTLs for LH (1 in E1, 3 in E2, and 2 in E3), and 7 QTLs for PLH (1 in E1, 4 in E2, and 2 in E3). Sixteen of the ShB-QTLs co-localized as 6 clusters on chromosomes 3, 7, 11, and 12. Four of the 6 clusters contained ShB-QTLs that were detected in 2 environments, while the other 2 clusters with ShB-QTLs were detected in 1 environment. Three ShB-QTLs (qSBD-3-2, qSBL-3-1, and qSBPL-3-1) were delimited to a 581-kb region flanked by markers D333B and D334 on chromosome 3. The resistance alleles of Yangdao 4 at the qSBD-3-2 locus decreased DR by 0.68 and 0.79 in E2 and E3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y X Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z J Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - C D Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Wang Y, Zeng CY, Chen XR, Yang CD. First Report of Leaf Blight on Saposhnikovia divaricata by Pseudomonas viridiflava in Gansu, China. Plant Dis 2015; 99:281. [PMID: 30699586 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-14-0641-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz) Schischk, a perennial plant in the Umbelliferae, is widely cultivated in north China. As a traditional Chinese medicine, it can be used to cure colds and rheumatism (1). During disease surveys on medicinal plants in August 2010, a bacterial leaf blight was discovered with a general incidence of 40 to 60% on S. divaricata farms in Longxi, Weiyuan County in Gansu China. In young plants, tiny yellow-white points were visible on the backs of the leaves. They then expanded to 2- to 3-mm oil-soaked lesions; leaves appeared crimped and deformed. Later the leaves shriveled; black-brown oil-soaked lesions appeared on the vein and the tissue around it; and black streaks appeared on the stems. Ten diseased leaf and stem tissues were cut into 4- to 5-mm squares, surface-sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, rinsed three times, and macerated for 5 min in sterilized distilled water. They were then streaked onto nutrient agar (NA) medium and incubated at 28°C for 3 days. Colonies on NA were round, smooth, translucent, and yellowish green. They were Gram negative and induced a hypersensitive response on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves. The strain was positive for gelatin, catalase, oxidase, and utilization of glucose and saccharose. Pathogenicity tests were performed by spraying bacterial suspension containing 107 CFU/ml on six leaves of three healthy potted S. divaricata plants and injecting it into another six leaves on three plants. Plants inoculated with sterile distilled water alone served as controls. They were placed in a growth chamber at 25°C and bagged for 24 h to maintain >95% humidity. Thirty-six hours after inoculation, the inoculated leaves appeared water-soaked; 10 days later, the symptoms were apparent on leaves and the plant wilted. The negative control appeared normal. Finally, Koch's postulates were verified by re-isolating P. viridiflava from the leaves with typical blight. The genomic DNA of the isolate was extracted, and the partial 16S rDNA sequence was amplified with a universal bacterial primer set (27f and 1492r) (2). The sequence was deposited in GenBank as KM030291. BLAST search yielded 99% identity with P. viridiflava strains, including the strains KNOX209 (AY604847), RMX3.1b (AY574911), ME3.1b (AY574909), and UASWS0038 (AY919300). Based on the symptoms, colony morphology, biochemical tests, and 16S rDNA sequence identity, the pathogen was identified as P. viridiflava. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf blight of S. divaricata by P. viridiflava in Gansu province of China. In Jilin province, the same disease was reported in 2008 (3). The impact of P. viridiflava on S. divaricata production is not yet known. References: (1) Committee of China Pharmacopoeia. Pharmacop. People's Repub. 1:102, 2005. (2) C. Morenol et al. Microbiology 148:1233, 2002. (3) W. Xue. Dissertation. Jilin Agric. Univ. 1, 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000; China
| | - C Y Zeng
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000; China
| | - X R Chen
- College of Grassland, Gansu Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; and Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - C D Yang
- College of Grassland, Gansu Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; and Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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21
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Chen PP, Yang CD, Ede K, Wu CC, FitzGerald JD, Grossman JM. Some antiphospholipid antibodies bind to hemostasis and fibrinolysis proteases and promote thrombosis. Lupus 2008; 17:916-21. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203308092805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the major autoantigen for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) is β2glycoprotein I (β2GPI). Interestingly, some aPL bind to β2GPI and the homologous enzymatic domains of several proteases involved in hemostasis and fibrinolysis, and correspondingly hinder anticoagulant regulation and resolution of clots. These findings are consistent with several early findings of aPL and provide a new perspective about some aPL in terms of their binding specificities and related functional properties in promoting thrombosis. In addition, homologous enzymatic domains of the involved proteases share conformation epitope(s) with β2GPI, thus providing a possible structural basis for some non-mutually exclusive mechanisms of aPL-mediated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- PP Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - CD Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Ren Ji hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - K Ede
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - CC Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - JD FitzGerald
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - JM Grossman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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22
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Yang CD, Takeyama H, Tanaka T, Hasegawa A, Matsunaga T. Synthesis of bacterial magnetic particles during cell cycle of Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2002; 91-93:155-60. [PMID: 11963844 DOI: 10.1385/abab:91-93:1-9:155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between the synthesis of bacterial magnetic particles (BMPs) and the transcription of magA gene-encoding iron transport protein using synchronous culture of Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1. Synchronously cultured cells were subjected to transmission electron microscopic observation and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The average number of BMPs slowly increased in the cell with increasing cell size. A sharp increase in BMPs occurred just before cell division and resulted in maximum BMP production of 30 particles/cell. The transcription of magA was regulated immediately before and after cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
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Luo H, Wu ZP, Yang CD, Liu MX. [Quantitative determination of mass ratio of additives in special super-high pressure hydraulic oil]. Se Pu 1999; 17:553-5. [PMID: 12552689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Two additives, phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl- and triphenyl phosphate with mass ratio of less than one thousandth in special super-high pressure hydraulic oil were determined by GC-MS. Tributyl phosphate ester was used as internal standard. The correction factor of each additive was determined before analysis. Each sample was analysed for 5 times to get good precision. It is satisfactory to use SIM as the detecting mode, and the CVs of correction factors and mass ratio were about 5%. The problems of how to select the monitoring ion in SIM mode and the sample size required are discussed in this paper. This method is satisfactory in analyzing low mass ratio constituents in a mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Luo
- Analytic Center, Tsignhua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Yang CD, Chen SL, Shen N, Qi M, Xu F. Detection of anti-recombinant beta 2-glycoprotein 1 and anti-recombinant beta 2-glycoprotein 1 fifth-domain antibodies in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 1998; 18:5-10. [PMID: 9672992 DOI: 10.1007/s002960050046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two kinds of plasmid expression vectors which expressed beta 2-glycoprotein 1 (beta 2GP1) and the fifth domain of beta 2-glycoprotein 1 (beta 2GP1-D5) were constructed respectively in this study. The antigenicity of recombinant beta 2GP1 (r beta 2GP1) and beta 2GP1-D5 (r beta 2GP1-D5) was identified by immunoblots using rabbit anti-beta 2GP1 antibodies, and the recombinant proteins were purified. Both anti-r beta 2GP1 and anti-beta 2GP1-D5 antibodies in 112 patients were detected by ELISA using r beta 2GP1 and r beta 2GP1-D5 as coating antigens. A significant statistical correlation (r = 0.667, P < 0.01) between the levels of anti-beta 2GP1 and anticardiolipin (ACL) antibodies was found. The presence of anti-r beta 2GP1 antibodies was associated with an increased frequency of history of thrombosis and/or recurrent abortion; hence anti-r beta 2GP1 assay provided better specificity than conventional ACL assay. Detection of anti-r beta 2GP1 antibodies may be of potential value in evaluating the risk of thrombosis and/or symptoms associated with other antiphospholipid syndromes (APS). The binding of anti-r beta 2GP1 from the sera of patients with APS to r beta 2GP1 was inhibited by r beta 2GP1-D5. Meanwhile, of 28 patients who had positive anti-r beta 2GP1 antibodies in sera, 27 (96.4%) had positive anti-r beta 2GP1-D1 antibodies. This indicated that the antigenic epitope of beta 2GP1 may be located in its fifth domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jin-ling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, China
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Yang CD. [Day care surgery of inguinal hernia and hydrocele of children]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1991; 29:278-80, 333. [PMID: 1914688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
From March 1983 to December 1989, day care operations were done for 12099 children (inguinal hernia 10913, hydrocele 1186) aging from 6 months to 13 years (75.9% of the children were under three). The postoperative complication rate was 0.84% and 15 children (0.12%) required hospitalization. The procedures and indications of the two operations and measures to prevent postoperative complications are discussed. We consider that day care surgery is safe and effective in minimizing the psychological burden of hospitalization, reducing hospital costs and decreasing the risk of cross-infection.
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Abstract
We report our experience of surgical treatment for instability of flail knees after poliomyelitis in 228 patients. We made carefully selective use of soft-tissue release, extension osteotomy of the femur, and a patellar bone block for hyperextension. After six to nine years follow-up, 87% of the patients had retained significant improvement in stability and walking ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Men
- Military Hospital, Chang Chun, China
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