1
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Chien CC, Chang CH, Ting HM. A novel lectin receptor kinase gene, AtG-LecRK-I.2, enhances bacterial pathogen resistance through regulation of stomatal immunity in Arabidopsis. Plant Sci 2024; 343:112071. [PMID: 38508495 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The S-locus lectin receptor kinases (G-LecRKs) have been suggested as receptors for microbe/damage-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/DAMPs) and to be involved in the pathogen defense responses, but the functions of most G-LecRKs in biotic stress response have not been characterized. Here, we identified a member of this family, G-LecRK-I.2, that positively regulates flg22- and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000-induced stomatal closure. G-LecRK-I.2 was rapidly phosphorylated under flg22 treatment and could interact with the FLS2/BAK1 complex. Two T-DNA insertion lines, glecrk-i.2-1 and glecrk-i.2-2, had lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in guard cells, as compared with the wild-type Col-0, under Pst DC3000 infection. Also, the immunity marker genes CBP60g and PR1 were induced at lower levels under Pst DC3000 hrcC- infection in glecrk-i.2-1 and glecrk-i.2-2. The GUS reporter system also revealed that G-LecRK-I.2 was expressed only in guard cells. We also found that G-LecRK-I.2 could interact H+-ATPase AHA1 to regulate H+-ATPase activity in the guard cells. Taken together, our results show that G-LecRK-I.2 plays an important role in regulating stomatal closure under flg22 and Pst DC3000 treatments and in ROS and NO signaling specifically in guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Chien
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Hsin Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Hieng-Ming Ting
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Trono P, Ottavi F, Rosano' L. Novel insights into the role of Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) in cancer progression: a new avenue of therapeutic intervention. Matrix Biol 2024; 125:31-39. [PMID: 38081526 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), including DDR1 and DDR2, are a unique class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activated by collagens at the cell-matrix boundary interface. The peculiar mode of activation makes DDRs as key cellular sensors of microenvironmental changes, with a critical role in all physiological and pathological processes governed by collagen remodeling. DDRs are widely expressed in fetal and adult tissues, and experimental and clinical evidence has shown that their expression is deregulated in cancer. Strong findings supporting the role of collagens in tumor progression and metastasis have led to renewed interest in DDRs. However, despite an increasing number of studies, DDR biology remains poorly understood, particularly the less studied DDR2, whose involvement in cancer progression mechanisms is undoubted. Thus, the understanding of a wider range of DDR2 functions and related molecular mechanisms is expected. To date, several lines of evidence support DDR2 as a promising target in cancer therapy. Its involvement in key functions in the tumor microenvironment makes DDR2 inhibition particularly attractive to achieve simultaneous targeting of tumor and stromal cells, and tumor regression, which is beneficial for improving the response to different types of anti-cancer therapies, including chemo- and immunotherapy. This review summarizes current research on DDR2, focusing on its role in cancer progression through its involvement in tumor and stromal cell functions, and discusses findings that support the rationale for future development of direct clinical strategies targeting DDR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Trono
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)-CNR, Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo 00015 Rome
| | - Flavia Ottavi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM)-CNR, Via degli Apuli 4, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Laura Rosano'
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM)-CNR, Via degli Apuli 4, Rome 00185, Italy.
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3
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Mariadoss AVA, Wang CZ. Exploring the Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Discoidin Domain Receptors (DDR1 and DDR2) in Bone Formation, Regeneration, and Its Associated Disease Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14895. [PMID: 37834343 PMCID: PMC10573612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase family receptor of discoidin domain receptors (DDR1 and DDR2) is known to be activated by extracellular matrix collagen catalytic binding protein receptors. They play a remarkable role in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and cell survival. DDR1 of the DDR family regulates matrix-metalloproteinase, which causes extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and reconstruction during unbalanced homeostasis. Collagenous-rich DDR1 triggers the ECM of cartilage to regenerate the cartilage tissue in osteoarthritis (OA) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Moreover, DDR2 is prominently present in the fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, myofibroblasts, and chondrocytes. It is crucial in generating and breaking collagen vital cellular activities like proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion mechanisms. However, the deficiency of DDR1 rather than DDR2 was detrimental in cases of OA and TMDs. DDR1 stimulated the ECM cartilage and improved bone regeneration. Based on the above information, we made an effort to outline the advancement of the utmost promising DDR1 and DDR2 regulation in bone and cartilage, also summarizing their structural, biological activity, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chau-Zen Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
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4
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Liu Q, Wang X, Chen Y, Ma X, Kang X, He F, Feng D, Zhang Y. Ablation of myeloid discoidin domain receptor 2 exacerbates arthritis and high fat diet induced inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 649:47-54. [PMID: 36745969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic systemic inflammation leads to sever disorders and diseases. It is of great importance to explore novel target for effective treatment. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (Ddr2) is a member of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family and is implicated in skeletal and fat hemostasis. However, the role of Ddr2 in myeloid cells remains obscure. In this study, we conditionally deleted Ddr2 in myeloid lineage cells to generate cKO mice to investigate the role of Ddr2 in myeloid lineage cells. We found that cKO mice exhibited more severe inflammation both in collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, indicating the protective role of Ddr2 against inflammation. Mechanistically, Ddr2 promotes macrophage repolarization from the M1 to M2 phenotype, and protect against systemic inflammation. Our study reveals for the first time that Ddr2 modulates macrophage repolarization and plays critical roles in macrophage-mediated inflammation, providing potential target for the intervention of inflammation and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhuo Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang He
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Sanawar R, Sahayasheela VJ, Sarath P, Dan VM. Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 Inhibitors: Advances and Future Directions for Novel Therapeutics with Aid of DNA Encoded Library Screens and Artificial Intelligence. Mini Rev Med Chem 2023; 23:1507-1513. [PMID: 36698236 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230125114921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor (DDR) 1, a collagen binding receptor kinase, is an intensively researched therapeutic target for cancer, fibrosis and other diseases. The majority of early known DDR1 inhibitors targeted the ATP binding pocket of this enzyme that shares structural similarities with other kinase pockets across the biological system. This structural similarity of DDR1 kinase with other protein kinases often leads to "off target "toxicity issues. Understanding of uniqueness in DDR:ATP-phosphate-binding loop (P-loop), DNA encoded library screen, structure-guided optimization studies, and machine learning drug design platforms that come under the umbrella of artificial intelligence has led to the discovery of a new array of inhibitors that are highly selective for DDR1 over DDR2 and other similar kinases. Most of the drug discovery platforms concentrated on the ATP binding region of DDR1 kinase and never looked beyond this region for novel therapeutic options. Recent findings have disclosed the kinase-independent functions of DDR1 in immune exclusion, which resides in the extracellular collagen-binding domain, thus opening avenues for the development of inhibitors that veer away from targeting ATP binding pockets. This recent understanding of the functional modalities of DDR1 opens the complexity of targeting this transmembrane protein as per its functional prominence in the respective disease and thus demands the development of specific novel therapeutics. The perspective gives a short overview of recent developments of DDR1 inhibitors with the aid of the latest technologies, future directions for therapeutic development, and possibility of combinational therapeutic treatments to completely disengage functions of DDR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sanawar
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY-10461, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY- 10461, USA
| | - Vinodh J Sahayasheela
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo- Ku, Kyoto-606-8502, Japan
| | - Praseetha Sarath
- Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research institute, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Vipin Mohan Dan
- Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research institute, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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Yan L, Wu X, Wu P, Su B, Xiong Y, Rao Y, Chen X, Huang W, Cui T. Increased expression of Clec9A on cDC1s associated with cytotoxic CD8 + T cell response in COPD. Clin Immunol 2022; 242:109082. [PMID: 35901921 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although C-type lectin domain family 9A (Clec9A) on conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) plays a critical role in cytotoxic CD8+ T cell response in cancers and viral infections, its role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. We measured the expression of Clec9A in sera, BALF, and PBMCs from controls and COPD patients. The percentages of Clec9A+ DCs and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in the BALF were determined by flow cytometry between patients with COPD and non-obstructive chronic bronchitis (NOCB). Compared with healthy individuals, the serum levels of Clec9A were increased at different stages of COPD patients, and the mRNA and protein levels of Clec9A were both increased in COPD patients at GOLD stages III-IV. The percentage of Clec9A+ DCs was also increased in the BALF of COPD patients compared with NOCB patients. Moreover, enhanced Clec9A+ DCs recruitment was positively correlated with cytotoxic CD8+ T cell response in the BALF of COPD patients. This study suggests that Clec9A+ DCs participate in the CD8+ T cell-mediated chronic airway inflammation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojie Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bintao Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yahua Rao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Tianpen Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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7
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Oelen R, de Vries DH, Brugge H, Gordon MG, Vochteloo M, Ye CJ, Westra HJ, Franke L, van der Wijst MGP. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals widespread, context-specific gene expression regulation upon pathogenic exposure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3267. [PMID: 35672358 PMCID: PMC9174272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The host's gene expression and gene regulatory response to pathogen exposure can be influenced by a combination of the host's genetic background, the type of and exposure time to pathogens. Here we provide a detailed dissection of this using single-cell RNA-sequencing of 1.3M peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 120 individuals, longitudinally exposed to three different pathogens. These analyses indicate that cell-type-specificity is a more prominent factor than pathogen-specificity regarding contexts that affect how genetics influences gene expression (i.e., eQTL) and co-expression (i.e., co-expression QTL). In monocytes, the strongest responder to pathogen stimulations, 71.4% of the genetic variants whose effect on gene expression is influenced by pathogen exposure (i.e., response QTL) also affect the co-expression between genes. This indicates widespread, context-specific changes in gene expression level and its regulation that are driven by genetics. Pathway analysis on the CLEC12A gene that exemplifies cell-type-, exposure-time- and genetic-background-dependent co-expression interactions, shows enrichment of the interferon (IFN) pathway specifically at 3-h post-exposure in monocytes. Similar genetic background-dependent association between IFN activity and CLEC12A co-expression patterns is confirmed in systemic lupus erythematosus by in silico analysis, which implies that CLEC12A might be an IFN-regulated gene. Altogether, this study highlights the importance of context for gaining a better understanding of the mechanisms of gene regulation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Oelen
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dylan H de Vries
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Brugge
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Grace Gordon
- Biological and Medical Informatics Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martijn Vochteloo
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chun J Ye
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Monique G P van der Wijst
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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8
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Vitry J, Paré G, Murru A, Charest-Morin X, Maaroufi H, McLeish KR, Naccache PH, Fernandes MJ. Regulation of the Expression, Oligomerisation and Signaling of the Inhibitory Receptor CLEC12A by Cysteine Residues in the Stalk Region. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910207. [PMID: 34638548 PMCID: PMC8508511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CLEC12A is a myeloid inhibitory receptor that negatively regulates inflammation in mouse models of autoimmune and autoinflammatory arthritis. Reduced CLEC12A expression enhances myeloid cell activation and inflammation in CLEC12A knock-out mice with collagen antibody-induced or gout-like arthritis. Similarly to other C-type lectin receptors, CLEC12A harbours a stalk domain between its ligand binding and transmembrane domains. While it is presumed that the cysteines in the stalk domain have multimerisation properties, their role in CLEC12A expression and/or signaling remain unknown. We thus used site-directed mutagenesis to determine whether the stalk domain cysteines play a role in CLEC12A expression, internalisation, oligomerisation, and/or signaling. Mutation of C118 blocks CLEC12A transport through the secretory pathway diminishing its cell-surface expression. In contrast, mutating C130 does not affect CLEC12A cell-surface expression but increases its oligomerisation, inducing ligand-independent phosphorylation of the receptor. Moreover, we provide evidence that CLEC12A dimerisation is regulated in a redox-dependent manner. We also show that antibody-induced CLEC12A cross-linking induces flotillin oligomerisation in insoluble membrane domains in which CLEC12A signals. Taken together, these data indicate that the stalk cysteines in CLEC12A differentially modulate this inhibitory receptor’s expression, oligomerisation and signaling, suggestive of the regulation of CLEC12A in a redox-dependent manner during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Vitry
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (J.V.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (P.H.N.)
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Guillaume Paré
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (J.V.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (P.H.N.)
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Andréa Murru
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (J.V.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (P.H.N.)
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Xavier Charest-Morin
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Halim Maaroufi
- Institute of Integrative Biology and Systems, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Kenneth R. McLeish
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40206, USA;
| | - Paul H. Naccache
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (J.V.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (P.H.N.)
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Maria J. Fernandes
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (J.V.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (P.H.N.)
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-656-4141 (ext. 46106)
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Xu F, Wang Z, Zhang H, Chen J, Wang X, Cui L, Xie C, Li M, Wang F, Zhou P, Liu J, Huang P, Xia X, Xia X. Mevalonate Blockade in Cancer Cells Triggers CLEC9A + Dendritic Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4514-4528. [PMID: 34266895 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyperactive mevalonate (MVA) metabolic activity is often observed in cancer cells, and blockade of this pathway inhibits tumor cell lipid synthesis and cell growth and enhances tumor immunogenicity. How tumor cell MVA metabolic blockade promotes antitumor immune responses, however, remains unclear. Here we show that inhibition of the MVA metabolic pathway in tumor cells elicits type 1 classical dendritic cells (cDC1)-mediated tumor recognition and antigen cross-presentation for antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, MVA blockade disrupted prenylation of the small GTPase Rac1 and induced cancer cell actin filament exposure, which was recognized by CLEC9A, a C-lectin receptor specifically expressed on cDC1s, in turn activating antitumor T cells. MVA pathway blockade or Rac1 knockdown in tumor cells induced CD8+ T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity in immunocompetent mice but not in Batf3 -/- mice lacking CLEC9A+ dendritic cells. These findings demonstrate tumor MVA metabolic blockade stimulates a cDC1 response through CLEC9A-mediated immune recognition of tumor cell cytoskeleton, illustrating a new immune surveillance mechanism by which dendritic cells monitor tumor metabolic dysregulation and providing insight into how MVA pathway inhibition may potentiate anticancer immunity. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that mevalonate blockade in cancer cells disrupts Rac1 prenylation to increase recognition and cross-presentation by conventional dendritic cells, suggesting this axis as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zining Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiemin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China.
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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10
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Deerhake ME, Danzaki K, Inoue M, Cardakli ED, Nonaka T, Aggarwal N, Barclay WE, Ji RR, Shinohara ML. Dectin-1 limits autoimmune neuroinflammation and promotes myeloid cell-astrocyte crosstalk via Card9-independent expression of Oncostatin M. Immunity 2021; 54:484-498.e8. [PMID: 33581044 PMCID: PMC7956124 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pathologic roles of innate immunity in neurologic disorders are well described, but their beneficial aspects are less understood. Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor (CLR), is largely known to induce inflammation. Here, we report that Dectin-1 limited experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), while its downstream signaling molecule, Card9, promoted the disease. Myeloid cells mediated the pro-resolution function of Dectin-1 in EAE with enhanced gene expression of the neuroprotective molecule, Oncostatin M (Osm), through a Card9-independent pathway, mediated by the transcription factor NFAT. Furthermore, we find that the Osm receptor (OsmR) functioned specifically in astrocytes to reduce EAE severity. Notably, Dectin-1 did not respond to heat-killed Mycobacteria, an adjuvant to induce EAE. Instead, endogenous Dectin-1 ligands, including galectin-9, in the central nervous system (CNS) were involved to limit EAE. Our study reveals a mechanism of beneficial myeloid cell-astrocyte crosstalk regulated by a Dectin-1 pathway and identifies potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Astrocytes/immunology
- Brain/pathology
- CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Communication
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Galectins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Multiple Sclerosis/immunology
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology
- Myeloid Cells/immunology
- Neurogenic Inflammation/immunology
- Oncostatin M/genetics
- Oncostatin M/metabolism
- Oncostatin M Receptor beta Subunit/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elizabeth Deerhake
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Keiko Danzaki
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Makoto Inoue
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
| | - Emre D Cardakli
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Toshiaki Nonaka
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nupur Aggarwal
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - William E Barclay
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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11
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Canton J, Blees H, Henry CM, Buck MD, Schulz O, Rogers NC, Childs E, Zelenay S, Rhys H, Domart MC, Collinson L, Alloatti A, Ellison CJ, Amigorena S, Papayannopoulos V, Thomas DC, Randow F, Reis e Sousa C. The receptor DNGR-1 signals for phagosomal rupture to promote cross-presentation of dead-cell-associated antigens. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:140-153. [PMID: 33349708 PMCID: PMC7116638 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 conventional dendritic (cDC1) cells are necessary for cross-presentation of many viral and tumor antigens to CD8+ T cells. cDC1 cells can be identified in mice and humans by high expression of DNGR-1 (also known as CLEC9A), a receptor that binds dead-cell debris and facilitates XP of corpse-associated antigens. Here, we show that DNGR-1 is a dedicated XP receptor that signals upon ligand engagement to promote phagosomal rupture. This allows escape of phagosomal contents into the cytosol, where they access the endogenous major histocompatibility complex class I antigen processing pathway. The activity of DNGR-1 maps to its signaling domain, which activates SYK and NADPH oxidase to cause phagosomal damage even when spliced into a heterologous receptor and expressed in heterologous cells. Our data reveal the existence of innate immune receptors that couple ligand binding to endocytic vesicle damage to permit MHC class I antigen presentation of exogenous antigens and to regulate adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Canton
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Hanna Blees
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Conor M Henry
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Michael D Buck
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Oliver Schulz
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Neil C Rogers
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Eleanor Childs
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Santiago Zelenay
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Hefin Rhys
- Flow Cytometry STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Lucy Collinson
- Electron Microscopy STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Andres Alloatti
- Centre de Recherche, INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cara J Ellison
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - David C Thomas
- Immunity and Inflammation, 9NC, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Felix Randow
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Herborg LL, Nederby L, Brøndum RF, Hansen M, Hokland P, Roug AS. Antigen Expression Varies Significantly between Molecular Subgroups of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: Clinical Applicability Is Hampered by Establishment of Relevant Cutoffs. Acta Haematol 2020; 144:275-284. [PMID: 33271547 DOI: 10.1159/000510504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this single-center study of 268 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, we have tested if a subset of 4 routinely employed immunophenotypic stem cell-associated markers correlated with the presence of recurrently mutated genes and if the markers were predictive for mutational status. METHODS Immunophenotypic data from 268 diagnostic AML samples obtained in 2009-2018 were analyzed retrospectively for the antigens CD34, CD117, CD123, and CLEC12A. Correlation between immunophenotypes and mutations was analyzed by Fischer's exact test. Clinical applicability of the markers for predicting mutational status was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics analyses, where an area under the curve (AUC) of at least 0.85 was accepted as clinically relevant. RESULTS For a number of genes, the antigen expression differed significantly between mutated and wild-type gene expression. Despite low AUCs, CD123 and CLEC12A correlated with FLT3+NPM1- and FLT3+NPM1+. Three subsets met the AUC requirements (CD34+, CD34+CD117+, and CD34-CD117+) for predicting FLT3-NPM1+ or FLT3+NPM1+. CONCLUSION The value of immunophenotypes as surrogate markers for mutational status in AML seems limited when employing CD123 and CLEC12A in combination with CD34 and CD117. Defining relevant cutoffs for given markers is challenging and hampered by variation between laboratories and patient groups.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, CD34/genetics
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Area Under Curve
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Interleukin-3 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-3 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Nucleophosmin
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- ROC Curve
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Line Nederby
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Froberg Brøndum
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Maria Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Hokland
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anne Stidsholt Roug
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark,
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13
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Nieto-Pelegrín E, Álvarez B, Martínez de la Riva P, Toki D, Poderoso T, Revilla C, Uenishi H, Ezquerra A, Domínguez J. Porcine CLEC12B is expressed on alveolar macrophages and blood dendritic cells. Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 111:103767. [PMID: 32535044 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CLEC12B is a C-type lectin-like receptor expressed on myeloid cells. In this study, we have characterized the porcine homologue of CLEC12B (poCLEC12B). To this end, we have generated constructs encoding a c-myc tagged version of the whole receptor, or its ectodomain fused to the Fc portion of human IgG1, from a cDNA clone obtained from an alveolar macrophage library, and raised monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against this molecule. Using these mAbs, poCLEC12B was found to be expressed on alveolar macrophages and, at lower levels, on blood conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) and plasmacytoid DCs. No binding was detected on monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages or monocyte-derived DCs. Engagement of CLEC12B on alveolar macrophages with mAbs had no apparent effect on cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-8) induced by LPS. These results provide the basis for future investigations aimed to assess the role of poCLEC12B in different microbial infections and to evaluate its potential in vaccination strategies targeting DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Nieto-Pelegrín
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Álvarez
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martínez de la Riva
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daisuke Toki
- Institute of Japan Association for Techno-innovation in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Teresa Poderoso
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Revilla
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hirohide Uenishi
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Angel Ezquerra
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Domínguez
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Lv D, Wang G, Xiong LR, Sun JX, Chen Y, Guo CL, Yu Y, He HL, Cai R, Pan JS. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Lectin Receptor-Like Kinase Gene Family in Cucumber and Expression Profiling Analysis under Different Treatments. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091032. [PMID: 32887423 PMCID: PMC7564967 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) are a class of membrane proteins found in plants that are involved in diverse functions, including plant development and stress responses. Although LecRLK families have been identified in a variety of plants, a comprehensive analysis has not yet been undertaken in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). In this study, 46 putative LecRLK genes were identified in the cucumber genome, including 23 G-type and 22 L-type, and one C-type LecRLK gene. They were unequally distributed on all seven chromosomes, with a clustering tendency. Most of the genes in the cucumber LecRLK (CsLecRLK) gene family lacked introns. In addition, there were many regulatory elements associated with phytohormones and stress on these genes’ promoters. Transcriptome data demonstrated distinct expression patterns of CsLecRLK genes in various tissues. Furthermore, we found that each member of the CsLecRLK family had its own unique expression pattern under hormone and stress treatment by the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. This study provides a better understanding of the character and function of the LecRLK gene family in cucumber and opens up the possibility to exploring the roles that LecRLKs might play in the life cycle of cucumber.
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15
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Nørregaard KS, Krigslund O, Behrendt N, Engelholm LH, Jürgensen HJ. The collagen receptor uPARAP/Endo180 regulates collectins through unique structural elements in its FNII domain. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9157-9170. [PMID: 32424040 PMCID: PMC7335807 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins that contain collagen-like domains are known as collectins. These proteins are present both in the circulation and in extravascular compartments and are central players of the innate immune system, contributing to first-line defenses against viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens. The collectins mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and surfactant protein D (SP-D) are regulated by tissue fibroblasts at extravascular sites via an endocytic mechanism governed by urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (uPARAP or Endo180), which is also a collagen receptor. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that drive the uPARAP-mediated cellular uptake of MBL and SP-D. We found that the uptake depends on residues within a protruding loop in the fibronectin type-II (FNII) domain of uPARAP that are also critical for collagen uptake. Importantly, however, we also identified FNII domain residues having an exclusive role in collectin uptake. We noted that these residues are absent in the related collagen receptor, the mannose receptor (MR or CD206), which consistently does not interact with collectins. We also show that the second C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD2) is critical for the uptake of SP-D, but not MBL, indicating an additional level of complexity in the interactions between collectins and uPARAP. Finally, we demonstrate that the same molecular mechanisms enable uPARAP to engage MBL immobilized on the surface of pathogens, thereby expanding the potential biological implications of this interaction. Our study reveals molecular details of the receptor-mediated cellular regulation of collectins and offers critical clues for future investigations into collectin biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine Sandal Nørregaard
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Oliver Krigslund
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Niels Behrendt
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lars H Engelholm
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jessen Jürgensen
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet/Biotech Research and Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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16
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Sánchez-Salgado JL, Pereyra MA, Agundis C, Calzada-Ruiz M, Kantun-Briceño E, Zenteno E. In vivo administration of LPS and β-glucan generates the expression of a serum lectin and its cellular receptor in Cherax quadricarinatus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 94:10-16. [PMID: 31465869 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In crustaceans, it has been suggested that specific protection against pathogens could be triggered by vaccines and biological response modifiers; although the specific mechanisms of this protection have not been clarified yet. In the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, a humoral lectin (CqL) binds its own granular hemocytes through a specific receptor (CqLR) and increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we challenged in vivo crayfishes with immunostimulants, β-glucan (200 μg/kg) or LPS (20 μg/kg), and identified the participation of cellular and humoral mechanisms. The stimulants generated a complex modification in the total hemocytes count (THC), as well as in the proportion of hemocyte subsets. At 2 h after the challenge, the largest value in THC was observed in either challenged crayfishes. Furthermore, at the same time, hyaline hemocytes were the most abundant subset in the hemolymph; after 6 h, granular hemocytes (GH) were the most abundant hemocyte subset. It has been observed that a specific subset of GH possesses a CqLR that has been related to ROS production. After 2 and 6 h of the β-glucan challenge, a significant increase in CqLR expression was observed in the three circulating hemocyte subsets; also, an increased expression of CqL was detected in a granular hemocytes sub-population. After 2 and 6 h of stimulation, the specific activity of the serum lectin challenged with β-glucan was 250% and 160% higher than in the LPS-treated-group, respectively (P < 0.05). Hemocytes from challenged crayfishes were stimulated ex vivo with CqL, ROS production was 180% higher in hemocytes treated with β-glucan + CqL than in hemocytes treated with LPS + CqL (P < 0.05). The results evidence the effectivity of immune stimulators to activate specific crayfish defense mechanisms, the participation of CqL and its receptor (CqLR) could play an important role in the regulation of immune cellular functions, like ROS production, in Cherax quadricarinatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sánchez-Salgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Mohamed Alí Pereyra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Concepción Agundis
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Calzada-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Kantun-Briceño
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Centro de Investigaciones, Facultad de Medicina UNAM-Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
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17
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Passricha N, Saifi SK, Kharb P, Tuteja N. Marker-free transgenic rice plant overexpressing pea LecRLK imparts salinity tolerance by inhibiting sodium accumulation. Plant Mol Biol 2019; 99:265-281. [PMID: 30604324 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE PsLecRLK overexpression in rice provides tolerance against salinity stress and cause upregulation of SOS1 pathway genes, which are responsible for extrusion of excess Na+ ion under stress condition. Soil salinity is one of the most devastating factors threatening cultivable land. Rice is a major staple crop and immensely affected by soil salinity. The small genome size of rice relative to wheat and barley, together with its salt sensitivity, makes it an ideal candidate for studies on salt stress response caused by a particular gene. Under stress conditions crosstalk between organelles and cell to cell response is imperative. LecRLK is an important family, which plays a key role under stress conditions and regulates the physiology of the plant. Here we have functionally validated the PsLecRLK gene in rice for salinity stress tolerance and hypothesized the model for its working. Salt stress sensitive rice variety IR64 was used for developing marker-free transgenic with modified binary vector pCAMBIA1300 overexpressing PsLecRLK gene. Comparison of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants showed better physiological and biochemical results in transgenic lines with a low level of ROS, MDA and ion accumulation and a higher level of proline, relative water content, root/shoot ration, enzymatic activities of ROS scavengers and upregulation of stress-responsive genes. Based on the relative expression of stress-responsive genes and ionic content, the working model highlights the role of PsLecRLK in the extrusion of Na+ ion from the cell. This extrusion of Na+ ion is facilitated by higher expression of SOS1 (Na+/K+ channel) in transgenic plants as compared to WT plants. Altered expression of stress-responsive genes and change in biochemical and physiological properties of the cell suggests an extensive reprogramming of the stress-responsive metabolic pathways by PsLecRLK under stress condition, which could be responsible for the salt tolerance capability.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Death
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cloning, Molecular
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics
- Genes, Plant
- Germination
- Homozygote
- Ions
- Oryza/genetics
- Oryza/metabolism
- Pisum sativum/genetics
- Pisum sativum/metabolism
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- SOS1 Protein/genetics
- SOS1 Protein/metabolism
- Salinity
- Salt Tolerance/genetics
- Salt Tolerance/physiology
- Sodium/metabolism
- Sodium Chloride/metabolism
- Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Passricha
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shabnam K Saifi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pushpa Kharb
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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18
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Gruchała-Niedoszytko M, van der Vlies P, Niedoszytko P, Sanjabi B, Niedoszytko M, Kaczkan M, Pieszko M, Gierat-Haponiuk K, Śliwińska A, Szalewska D, Małgorzewicz S. Differences in gene expression related to the outcomes of obesity treatment, peak oxygen uptake, and fatty acid metabolism measured in a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Pol Arch Intern Med 2018; 128:280-286. [PMID: 29578204 DOI: 10.20452/pamw.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The obesity pandemic requires development of methods that could be used on a large scale, such as the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Gene expression may explain CPET results on the molecular level. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare gene expression in obesity, depending on CPET results. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 9 obese patients and 7 controls. The treatment encompassed diet, rehabilitation, and behavioral therapy. Diet was based on the body composition analyzed by bioelectrical impedance, resting metabolic rate, and subjective patient preferences. The rehabilitation depended on the CPET results: maximal oxygen uptake and fatty acid metabolism. Behavioral intervention focused on the diagnosis of health problems leading to obesity, lifestyle modification, training in self‑assessment, and development of healthy habits. The intensive treatment lasted for 12 weeks and consisted of consultations with a physician, dietitian, and medical rehabilitation specialist. RNA was isolated from the whole blood. A total of 47 323 transcripts were analyzed, of which 32 379 entities were confirmed to have high quality of RNA. RESULTS We observed differences in gene expression related to the CPET results indicating abnormalities in fat oxidation and maximal oxygen uptake. The genes with major differences in expression were: CLEC12A, HLA‑DRB1, HLA‑DRB4, HLA‑A29.1, IFIT1, and LOC100133662. CONCLUSIONS The differences in gene expression may account for the outcomes of treatment related to inflammation caused by obesity, which affects the muscles, fat tissue, and fatty acid metabolism.
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19
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Yao WR, Li D, Yu L, Wang FJ, Xing H, Yang GB. The levels of DNGR-1 and its ligand-bearing cells were altered after human and simian immunodeficiency virus infection. Immunol Res 2018; 65:869-879. [PMID: 28478499 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell NK lectin Group Receptor-1 (DNGR-1), also known as C-type lectin domain family 9, member A (CLEC9A), is a member of C-type lectin receptor superfamily expressed primarily on dendritic cells (DC) that excel in cross-presentation of exogenous antigens. To find out whether and how it is affected in human immunodeficiency virus infections or acquired immunodeficiency syndromes (HIV/AIDS), DNGR-1 expression and DNGR-1-binding cells in simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated AIDS patients were examined by real-time RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. DNGR-1 expression was observed in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues including gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) of rhesus macaques. DNGR-1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in the blood while significantly elevated in the GALT of SHIV/SIV-infected rhesus macaques. DNGR-1 transcription levels were also significantly reduced in the blood of ART-treated AIDS patients irrespective of viral status. White blood cells with exposed DNGR-1 ligands were significantly increased in ART-treated AIDS patients, while significantly decreased in SIV-infected rhesus macaques. These data indicate that DNGR-1 expression, and by extension, the function of cross-presentation of antigens associated with dead/damaged cells might be compromised in HIV/SIV infection, which might play a role in HIV/AIDS pathogenesis and should be taken into consideration in therapeutic AIDS vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rong Yao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Jie Wang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xing
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Bo Yang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Liu PL, Huang Y, Shi PH, Yu M, Xie JB, Xie L. Duplication and diversification of lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLK) genes in soybean. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5861. [PMID: 29651041 PMCID: PMC5897391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) play important roles in plant development and stress responses. Although genome-wide studies of LecRLKs have been performed in several species, a comprehensive analysis including evolutionary, structural and functional analysis has not been carried out in soybean (Glycine max). In this study, we identified 185 putative LecRLK genes in the soybean genome, including 123 G-type, 60 L-type and 2 C-type LecRLK genes. Tandem duplication and segmental duplication appear to be the main mechanisms of gene expansion in the soybean LecRLK (GmLecRLK) gene family. According to our phylogenetic analysis, G-type and L-type GmLecRLK genes can be organized into fourteen and eight subfamilies, respectively. The subfamilies within the G-type GmLecRLKs differ from each other in gene structure and/or protein domains and motifs, which indicates that the subfamilies have diverged. The evolution of L-type GmLecRLKs has been more conservative: most genes retain the same gene structures and nearly the same protein domain and motif architectures. Furthermore, the expression profiles of G-type and L-type GmLecRLK genes show evidence of functional redundancy and divergence within each group. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and function of soybean LecRLKs and provide a framework for further functional investigation of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Li Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Institute of Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Peng-Hao Shi
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Meng Yu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jian-Bo Xie
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - LuLu Xie
- Department of Chinese Cabbage, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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21
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Cheng AC, Yang KY, Chen NJ, Hsu TL, Jou R, Hsieh SL, Tseng PH. CLEC9A modulates macrophage-mediated neutrophil recruitment in response to heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186780. [PMID: 29065139 PMCID: PMC5655532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a fatal human infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) that is prevalent worldwide. Mycobacteria differ from other bacteria in that they have a cell wall composed of specific surface glycans that are the major determinant of these organisms' pathogenicity. The interaction of M. tuberculosis with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), in particular C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), on the surface of macrophages plays a central role in initiating innate and adaptive immunity, but the picture as a whole remains a puzzle. Defining novel mechanisms by which host receptors interact with pathogens in order to modulate a specific immune response is an area of intense research. In this study, based on an in vitro lectin binding assay, CLEC9A (DNGR-1) is identified as a novel CLR that binds with mycobacteria. Our results with CLEC9A-knocked down cells and a CLEC9A-Fc fusion protein as blocking agents show that CLEC9A is involved in the activation of SYK and MAPK signaling in response to heat-killed M. tuberculosis H37Ra treatment, and it then promotes the production of CXCL8 and IL-1β in macrophages. The CXCL8 and IL-1β secreted by the activated macrophages are critical to neutrophil recruitment and activation. In a in vivo mouse model, when the interaction between CLEC9A and H37Ra is interfered with by treatment with CLEC9A-Fc fusion protein, this reduces lung inflammation and cell infiltration. These findings demonstrate that CLEC9A is a specialized receptor that modulates the innate immune response when there is a mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chieh Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yao Yang
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Infection and Immunity Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Jung Chen
- Infection and Immunity Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruwen Jou
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ping-Hui Tseng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Infection and Immunity Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Passricha N, Saifi S, Ansari MW, Tuteja N. Prediction and validation of cis-regulatory elements in 5' upstream regulatory regions of lectin receptor-like kinase gene family in rice. Protoplasma 2017; 254:669-684. [PMID: 27193099 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0979-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and developmental processes in response to stress. In transcriptional gene regulation for normal cellular functions, cis-acting regulatory elements (CREs) direct the temporal and spatial gene expression with respect to environmental stimuli. A complete insightful of the transcriptional gene regulation system relies on effective functional analysis of CREs. Here, we analyzed the potential putative CREs present in the promoters of rice LecRLKs genes by using PlantCARE database. The CREs in LecRLKs promoters are associated with plant growth/development, light response, plant hormonal regulation processes, various stress responses, hormonal response like ABA, root-specific expression responsive, drought responsive, and cell and organ specific regulatory elements. The effect of methylation on these cis-regulatory elements was also analyzed. Real-time analysis of rice seedling under various stress conditions showed the expression levels of selected LecRLK genes superimposing the number of different CREs present in 5' upstream region. The overall results showed that the possible CREs function in the selective expression/regulation of LecRLKs gene family and during rice plant development under stress.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Computer Simulation
- CpG Islands/genetics
- Databases, Genetic
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/radiation effects
- Genes, Plant
- Light
- Models, Biological
- Multigene Family
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Oryza/drug effects
- Oryza/enzymology
- Oryza/genetics
- Oryza/radiation effects
- Plant Development/drug effects
- Plant Development/genetics
- Plant Development/radiation effects
- Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Kinases/genetics
- Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics
- Reproducibility of Results
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
- Stress, Physiological/radiation effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Passricha
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ArunaAsaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shabnam Saifi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ArunaAsaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Mohammad W Ansari
- Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ArunaAsaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, India.
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Shumayla, Sharma S, Pandey AK, Singh K, Upadhyay SK. Molecular Characterization and Global Expression Analysis of Lectin Receptor Kinases in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153925. [PMID: 27111449 PMCID: PMC4844157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectin receptor kinases (LRKs) play a critical role in plants during development and stress conditions, but a comprehensive analysis at genome level is still not carried out in Triticum aestivum. Herein, we performed the genome wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of these genes in T. aestivum (TaLRK). In-total 263 TaLRK genes were identified, which were further classified into three groups based on the nature of lectin domain. We identified, two TaLRKs consisted of calcium-dependent lectin (C-LRK), while 84 legume-lectin (L-LRK) and 177 bulb-lectin (B-LRK) domains. The L-LRK and B-LRK genes were distributed throughout the genome of T. aestivum. Most of the TaLRKs were clustered as homologs, which were distributed either in proximity on same chromosome or on homoeologous chromosomes of A, B and D sub-genomes. A total of 9 and 58 duplication events were also predicted in L-LRK and B-LRK, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated conserved evolutionary relationship of homologous and orthologous genes from multiple plant species. Gene ontology analysis indicated TaLRKs role in binding, signaling and receptor activities. Most of the TaLRKs consisted of a trans-membrane domain and predicted to be localized in the plasma-membrane. A diverse expression pattern of TaLRK genes was found in various developmental stages and stress conditions. Some TaLRKs were found to be highly affected during a particular stress, which indicated a specialized role of each LRK gene in a specific stress condition. These results described various characteristic feature and expression pattern of TaLRK genes, which will pave the way for functional characterization in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumayla
- Deparment of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, 160014
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, 160014
| | - Shailesh Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, (Department of Biotechnology, Government of India), C-127, Industrial Area, S.A.S. Nagar, Phase 8, Mohali, Punjab, India, 160071l
| | - Ajay K. Pandey
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, (Department of Biotechnology, Government of India), C-127, Industrial Area, S.A.S. Nagar, Phase 8, Mohali, Punjab, India, 160071l
| | - Kashmir Singh
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, 160014
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Hedberg ML, Goh G, Chiosea SI, Bauman JE, Freilino ML, Zeng Y, Wang L, Diergaarde BB, Gooding WE, Lui VWY, Herbst RS, Lifton RP, Grandis JR. Genetic landscape of metastatic and recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Invest 2015; 126:169-80. [PMID: 26619122 DOI: 10.1172/jci82066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence and/or metastasis occurs in more than half of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and these events pose the greatest threats to long-term survival. We set out to identify genetic alterations that underlie recurrent/metastatic HNSCC. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on genomic DNA extracted from fresh-frozen whole blood and patient-matched tumor pairs from 13 HNSCC patients with synchronous lymph node metastases and 10 patients with metachronous recurrent tumors. Mutational concordance within and between tumor pairs was used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of HNSCC in individual patients and to identify potential therapeutic targets for functional evaluation. RESULTS Approximately 86% and 60% of single somatic nucleotide variants (SSNVs) identified in synchronous nodal metastases and metachronous recurrent tumors, respectively, were transmitted from the primary index tumor. Genes that were mutated in more than one metastatic or recurrent tumor, but not in the respective primary tumors, include C17orf104, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 3 (ITPR3), and discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (DDR2). Select DDR2 mutations have been shown to confer enhanced sensitivity to SRC-family kinase (SFK) inhibitors in other malignancies. Similarly, HNSCC cell lines harboring endogenous and engineered DDR2 mutations were more sensitive to the SFK inhibitor dasatinib than those with WT DDR2. CONCLUSION In this WES study of patient-matched tumor pairs in HNSCC, we found synchronous lymph node metastases to be genetically more similar to their paired index primary tumors than metachronous recurrent tumors. This study outlines a compendium of somatic mutations in primary, metastatic, and/or recurrent HNSCC cancers, with potential implications for precision medicine approaches. FUNDING National Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society, Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore, and Gilead Sciences Inc.
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25
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Wang Y, Weide R, Govers F, Bouwmeester K. L-type lectin receptor kinases in Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato and their role in Phytophthora resistance. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:6731-43. [PMID: 26248665 PMCID: PMC4623685 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-bound receptors play crucial roles as sentinels of plant immunity against a large variety of invading microbes. One class of receptors known to be involved in self/non-self-surveillance and plant resistance comprises the L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRKs). Previously, we reported that several Arabidopsis LecRKs play a role in resistance to Phytophthora pathogens. In this study, we determined whether homologues of these LecRKs from the Solanaceous plants Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) play similar roles in defence against Phytophthora. In genome-wide screenings, a total of 38 (Nb)LecRKs were identified in N. benthamiana and 22 (Sl)LecRKs in tomato, each consisting of both a lectin and a kinase domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that, in contrast to Arabidopsis, which has a LecRK family comprising nine clades, Solanaceous species have just five of these nine clades (i.e. IV, VI, VII, VIII, and IX), plus four additional clades that lack Arabidopsis homologues. Several of the Solanaceous LecRKs were selected for functional analysis using virus-induced gene silencing. Infection assays with Phytophthora capsici and Phytophthora infestans on LecRK-silenced plants revealed that N. benthamiana and tomato homologues in clade IX play a role in Phytophthora resistance similar to the two Arabidopsis LecRKs in this clade, suggesting conserved functions of clade IX LecRKs across different plant families. This study provides a first insight into the diversity of Solanaceous LecRKs and their role in plant immunity, and shows the potential of LecRKs for Phytophthora resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Weide
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francine Govers
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Yu J, Bu X, Zhao H, Li X, Su J. [The attachment manner of ubiquitin to proinflammatory molecule discoidin domain receptor 2]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015; 31:1077-1080. [PMID: 26271983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand which lysine (K) residue in ubiquitin (Ub) is used to form a poly-Ubs chain on discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2). METHODS The constructs encoding human DDR2 and Cbl-b were transiently transfected into HEK293T cells together with the Ub mutants with lysine mutation at different sites, and the transfected cells were stimulated with collagens in order to induce the activation of DDR2. Immunoprecipitation was performed to isolate DDR2, and the immunoprecipitates were then subjected to immunoblot analysis for the conjugation of DDR2 with Ub. RESULTS Ub K27-only mutant displayed the strongest poly-Ub chain formation on DDR2, while Ub K33-only mutant exhibited weak ability to be conjugated with DDR2. These findings were further confirmed by Ub K27R and K33R mutants, which reduced DDR2 polyubiquitination. CONCLUSION DDR2 is linked to a polyUb chain predominantly through K27 conjugation and slightly through K33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtian Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xin Bu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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27
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Vaid N, Pandey P, Srivastava VK, Tuteja N. Pea lectin receptor-like kinase functions in salinity adaptation without yield penalty, by alleviating osmotic and ionic stresses and upregulating stress-responsive genes. Plant Mol Biol 2015; 88:193-206. [PMID: 25863480 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) are members of RLK family composed of lectin-like extracellular recognition domain, transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic kinase domain. LecRLKs are plasma membrane proteins believed to be involved in signal transduction. However, most of the members of the protein family even in plants have not been functionally well characterized. Herein, we show that Pisum sativum LecRLK (PsLecRLK) localized in plasma membrane systems and/or other regions of the cell and its transcript upregulated under salinity stress. Overexpression of PsLecRLK in transgenic tobacco plants confers salinity stress tolerance by alleviating both the ionic as well the osmotic component of salinity stress. The transgenic plants show better tissue compartmentalization of Na(+) and higher ROS scavenging activity which probably results in lower membrane damage, improved growth and yield maintenance even under salinity stress. Also, expression of several genes involved in cellular homeostasis is perturbed by PsLecRLK overexpression. Alleviation of osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress along with reduced oxidative damage and upregulation of stress-responsive genes in transgenic plants under salinity stress conditions could be possible mechanism facilitating enhanced stress tolerance. This study presents PsLecRLK as a promising candidate for crop improvement and also opens up new avenue to investigate its signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Vaid
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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28
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van der Aa E, van Montfoort N, Woltman AM. BDCA3(+)CLEC9A(+) human dendritic cell function and development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 41:39-48. [PMID: 24910448 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen presenting cells (APC). They comprise a family of different subsets and play an essential role in the induction and regulation of immune responses. Recently, gene expression profiling identified BDCA3(+)CLEC9A(+) DC as a separate human DC subset. This subset was identified in blood, where they represent the smallest population of human DC, as well as in lymphoid and peripheral tissues. This review summarizes the phenotypic, functional and developmental characteristics of BDCA3(+)CLEC9A(+) DC in relation to their mouse equivalents CD8α(+) DC and CD103(+) DC and other human DC subsets. Apart from being potent antigen presenting cells, their specialized functional capacities compared to other human DC subsets, indicate that these BDCA3(+)CLEC9A(+) DC are of major importance in the induction of anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity. Further characterization of their functional properties, developmental pathways and underlying molecular mechanisms may identify target molecules to fully exploit the immune modulatory function of BDCA3(+)CLEC9A(+) DC and potential use of these cells in immunotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/immunology
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Cross-Priming/immunology
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Interferons
- Interleukins/immunology
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Models, Immunological
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/immunology
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- Thrombomodulin
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn van der Aa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nadine van Montfoort
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea M Woltman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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29
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Poudel B, Lee YM, Kim DK. DDR2 inhibition reduces migration and invasion of murine metastatic melanoma cells by suppressing MMP2/9 expression through ERK/NF-κB pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:292-8. [PMID: 25733533 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is one of the most deadly and evasive cancers. Collagen I in the extracellular matrix promotes the migration and invasion of tumor cells through the production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9. Discoidin domain receptor (DDR) 2 is a collagen receptor that is implicated in several cancer types including breast and prostate cancers. However, the role of DDR2 in the migration and invasion of murine melanoma cells is less studied. In the present study, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of DDR2 in migration and invasion of B16BL6 melanoma cells in response to collagen I. Results demonstrated that DDR2 is expressed and is phosphorylated by collagen I in the cells. Upon down-regulation of DDR2 using small-interfering RNA (siRNA) approach, both of the cell migratory and invasive phenotypes were significantly attenuated when compared with the control cells. This effect was mediated via suppression of MMP2/9 upon DDR2 inhibition. Furthermore, inhibition of DDR2 by specific siRNA markedly reduced the activation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2 and nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB) in the cells when compared with the control cells. Overall, these data demonstrated that DDR2 siRNA-mediated suppression of ERK1/2 and NF-κB could down-regulate the expressions of MMP2/9 in response to collagen I to reduce the migratory and invasive phenotypes of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barun Poudel
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Medical Sciences, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ki Kim
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Medical Sciences, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Toy KA, Valiathan RR, Núñez F, Kidwell KM, Gonzalez ME, Fridman R, Kleer CG. Tyrosine kinase discoidin domain receptors DDR1 and DDR2 are coordinately deregulated in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:9-18. [PMID: 25667101 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Receptor kinases Discoidin Domain Receptors (DDRs) 1 and 2 are emerging as new therapeutic targets in breast cancer (BC). However, the expression of DDR proteins during BC progression and their association with BC subtypes remain poorly defined. Herein we report the first comprehensive immunohistochemical analyses of DDR protein expression in a wide range of breast tissues. DDR1 and DDR2 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in 218 samples of normal breast (n = 10), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS, n = 10), and invasive carcinomas (n = 198), arrayed in tissue microarrays with comprehensive clinical and follow-up information. Staining was evaluated for cell type, subcellular localization, percentage and intensity (scores 1-4), and association with disease subtype and outcome. In normal epithelium and DCIS, DDR1 was highly expressed, while DDR2 was negative in normal epithelium, and in DCIS it localized to cells at the epithelial-stromal interface. Of the 198 invasive carcinomas, DDR1 was high in 87 (44 %) and low in 103 (52 %), and DDR2 was high in 110 (56 %) and low in 87 (44 %). High DDR2 was associated with high tumor grade (P = 0.002), triple-negative subtype (TNBC) (P < 0.0001), and worse survival (P = 0.037). We discovered a novel concordant deregulation of DDR expression, with a DDR1(Low)/DDR2(High) profile significantly associated with TNBC, compared to luminal tumors (P = 0.012), and with worse overall survival. In conclusion, DDR2 upregulation occurs in DCIS, before stromal invasion, and may reflect epithelial-stromal cross-talk. A DDR1(Low)/DDR2(High) protein profile is associated with TNBC and may identify invasive carcinomas with worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy A Toy
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 4217 Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Guo Y, Yang TL, Dong SS, Yan H, Hao RH, Chen XF, Chen JB, Tian Q, Li J, Shen H, Deng HW. Genetic analysis identifies DDR2 as a novel gene affecting bone mineral density and osteoporotic fractures in Chinese population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117102. [PMID: 25658585 PMCID: PMC4319719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DDR2 gene, playing an essential role in regulating osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation, may influence bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis, but the genetic variations actually leading to the association remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the genetic variants in DDR2 are associated with BMD and fracture risk. This study was performed in three samples from two ethnicities, including 1,300 Chinese Han subjects, 700 Chinese Han subjects (350 with osteoporotic hip fractures and 350 healthy controls) and 2,286 US white subjects. Twenty-eight SNPs in DDR2 were genotyped and tested for associations with hip BMD and fractures. We identified 3 SNPs in DDR2 significantly associated with hip BMD in the Chinese population after multiple testing adjustments, which were rs7521233 (P = 1.06×10-4, β: -0.018 for allele C), rs7553831 (P = 1.30×10-4, β: -0.018 for allele T), and rs6697469 (P = 1.59×10-3, β: -0.015 for allele C), separately. These three SNPs were in high linkage disequilibrium. Haplotype analyses detected two significantly associated haplotypes, including one haplotype in block 2 (P = 9.54×10-4, β: -0.016) where these three SNPs located. SNP rs6697469 was also associated with hip fractures (P = 0.043, OR: 1.42) in the Chinese population. The effect on fracture risk was consistent with its association with lower BMD. However, in the white population, we didn't observe significant associations with hip BMD. eQTL analyses revealed that SNPs associated with BMD also affected DDR2 mRNA expression levels in Chinese. Our findings, together with the prior biological evidence, suggest that DDR2 could be a new candidate for osteoporosis in Chinese population. Our results also reveal an ethnic difference, which highlights the need for further genetic studies in each ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tie-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (TLY); (HWD)
| | - Shan-Shan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Han Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ruo-Han Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tian
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Jian Li
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Hui Shen
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TLY); (HWD)
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Salazar A, Polur I, Servais JM, Li Y, Xu L. Delayed progression of condylar cartilage degeneration, by reduction of the discoidin domain receptor 2, in the temporomandibular joints of osteoarthritic mouse models. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 43:317-21. [PMID: 24822272 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether reduction of the discoidin domain receptor 2 (Ddr2) delays the progression of condylar cartilage degeneration in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of mouse models with osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Double-heterozygous (Col11a1- and Ddr2-haploinsufficiency, Col11a1(+/−);Ddr2(+/−)) mice were generated. TMJs of Ddr2(+/−) mice were subjected to partial discectomy. Condylar cartilage from the TMJ of Col11a1(+/−);Ddr2(+/−) mice, surgically treated (discectomy) Ddr2(+/−) mice, and their corresponding controls was characterized by means of histology and evaluated using a scoring system specific to mouse joints. RESULTS The progression of condylar cartilage degeneration was significantly delayed in the TMJ of Col11a1(+/−);Ddr2(+/−) mice compared with those of the Col11a1(+/−) mice. The progression of condylar cartilage degeneration in the TMJ of Ddr2(+/−) mice following discectomy was also significantly delayed when compared with their wild-type littermates. CONCLUSION Reduced expression of Ddr2 delays the progression of condylar cartilage degeneration, induced either by type XI collagen haploinsufficiency or by a partial discectomy, in TMJ.
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Rudra-Ganguly N, Lowe C, Mattie M, Chang MS, Satpayev D, Verlinsky A, An Z, Hu L, Yang P, Challita-Eid P, Stover DR, Pereira DS. Discoidin domain receptor 1 contributes to tumorigenesis through modulation of TGFBI expression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111515. [PMID: 25369402 PMCID: PMC4219757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. The receptor is activated upon binding to its ligand, collagen, and plays a crucial role in many fundamental processes such as cell differentiation, adhesion, migration and invasion. Although DDR1 is expressed in many normal tissues, upregulated expression of DDR1 in a variety of human cancers such as lung, colon and brain cancers is known to be associated with poor prognosis. Using shRNA silencing, we assessed the oncogenic potential of DDR1. DDR1 knockdown impaired tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Microarray analysis of tumor cells demonstrated upregulation of TGFBI expression upon DDR1 knockdown, which was subsequently confirmed at the protein level. TGFBI is a TGFβ-induced extracellular matrix protein secreted by the tumor cells and is known to act either as a tumor promoter or tumor suppressor, depending on the tumor environment. Here, we show that exogenous addition of recombinant TGFBI to BXPC3 tumor cells inhibited clonogenic growth and migration, thus recapitulating the phenotypic effect observed from DDR1 silencing. BXPC3 tumor xenografts demonstrated reduced growth with DDR1 knockdown, and the same xenograft tumors exhibited an increase in TGFBI expression level. Together, these data suggest that DDR1 expression level influences tumor growth in part via modulation of TGFBI expression. The reciprocal expression of DDR1 and TGFBI may help to elucidate the contribution of DDR1 in tumorigenesis and TGFBI may also be used as a biomarker for the therapeutic development of DDR1 specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Rudra-Ganguly
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Christine Lowe
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Michael Mattie
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Mi Sook Chang
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Alla Verlinsky
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Zili An
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Liping Hu
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Peng Yang
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Pia Challita-Eid
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - David R. Stover
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
| | - Daniel S. Pereira
- Agensys Inc., an affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
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Nicoś M, Powrózek T, Krawczyk P, Jarosz B, Pająk B, Sawicki M, Kucharczyk K, Trojanowski T, Milanowski J. Sensitive methods for detection of the S768R substitution in exon 18 of the DDR2 gene in patients with central nervous system metastases of non-small cell lung cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 31:176. [PMID: 25173530 PMCID: PMC4180903 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Discoidin death receptor 2 (DDR2) receptor belongs to a DDR family that shows a tyrosine kinase activity. The somatic mutations in DDR2 gene, reported in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), are involved in up-regulation of cells' migration, proliferation and survival. A S768R substitution in DDR2 gene was commonly reported in squamous cell lung carcinoma. Clinical data of patients carrying the DDR2 gene mutation suggest that its presence can be independent of gender and age. The effectiveness of an oral dual-specific (Src and Abl) multikinase inhibitors-dasatinib-was observed in different cell lines and in some NSCLC patients with identified DDR2 mutation. In the present study, we have used three molecular methods (ASP-real-time PCR, ASP-DNA-FLA PCR and direct sequencing) to detect the DDR2 gene mutation in 143 patients with NSCLC metastases to the central nervous system (CNS). The prevalence of the DDR2 gene mutation was correlated with the occurrence of mutations in the EGFR, KRAS, HER2 and BRAF genes. We identified three patients (2.1% of studied group) with DDR2 mutation. The mutation was observed in two patients with low differentiated squamous cell lung cancer and in one patient with adeno-squamous cell carcinoma (ADSCC). In ADSCC patients, DDR2 mutation coexisted with G12C substitution in KRAS gene. According to the current knowledge, examination of the presence of the DDR2 gene mutation in metastatic lesion is the first such report worldwide. The information, that these driver mutations are present in CNS metastases of NSCLC, could broaden therapeutic choices in such group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Nicoś
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954, Lublin, Poland,
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Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) is an atypical receptor tyrosine kinase that binds to and is activated by collagen in the extracellular matrix. Recent exon sequencing studies have identified DDR2 to be mutated with a 3% to 4% incidence in squamous cell cancers of the lung. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge of DDR2 biology and signaling in lung squamous cell cancer. It also explores the context-dependent role of this receptor as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor in cancer cells. Promising therapeutic opportunities based on existing and novel targeted small molecule inhibitors against DDR2 may provide new strategies for treating lung squamous cell cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo S. Payne
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
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Yao W, Yang G. [The expression of C-type lectin-like domain of DNGR-1 molecules of Chinese rhesus macaques in E.coli]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2014; 30:489-492. [PMID: 24796744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To obtain the nucleotide sequence and express the C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD) of C-type lectin domain family 9, member A (Clec9A) gene of Chinese rhesus macaques. METHODS The complete coding region of rhesus macaque Clec9A gene was amplified by sequence specific RT-PCR and sub-cloned into the pGEM-T vector and sequenced. Recombinant plasmid pET-32a-CTLD was constructed to express the CTLD region of CLEC9A in BL21 (DE3) cells under IPTG induction. The recombinant protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. RESULTS The 726 bp complete coding sequence of Clec9A gene was obtained. Sequencing and sequence alignments showed that rhesus macaque Clec9A gene shared 95.0% and 73.1% nucleotide identities and 91.7% and 57.3% amino acid identities with humans and mice, respectively. In vitro expression of CTLD resulted in a protein with Mr; of 32 000. Western blotting revealed that the protein had the similar antigenicity with human DNGR-1. CONCLUSION The Clec9A gene of Chinese rhesus macaques is highly similar to that of humans and could code a protein with the antigenicity of human CTLD protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Yao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Guibo Yang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Neumann K, Castiñeiras-Vilariño M, Höckendorf U, Hannesschläger N, Lemeer S, Kupka D, Meyermann S, Lech M, Anders HJ, Kuster B, Busch DH, Gewies A, Naumann R, Groß O, Ruland J. Clec12a is an inhibitory receptor for uric acid crystals that regulates inflammation in response to cell death. Immunity 2014; 40:389-99. [PMID: 24631154 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of cell death by the innate immune system triggers inflammatory responses. However, how these reactions are regulated is not well understood. Here, we identify the inhibitory C-type lectin receptor Clec12a as a specific receptor for dead cells. Both human and mouse Clec12a could physically sense uric acid crystals (monosodium urate, MSU), which are key danger signals for cell-death-induced immunity. Clec12a inhibited inflammatory responses to MSU in vitro, and Clec12a-deficient mice exhibited hyperinflammatory responses after being challenged with MSU or necrotic cells and after radiation-induced thymocyte killing in vivo. Thus, we identified a negative regulatory MSU receptor that controls noninfectious inflammation in response to cell death that has implications for autoimmunity and inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Neumann
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Mercedes Castiñeiras-Vilariño
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Höckendorf
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Hannesschläger
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Lemeer
- Lehrstuhl für Proteomik und Bioanalytik, Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Danny Kupka
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Svenia Meyermann
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maciej Lech
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), 80336 München, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), 80336 München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Lehrstuhl für Proteomik und Bioanalytik, Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Gewies
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ronald Naumann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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Oike T, Ogiwara H, Tominaga Y, Ito K, Ando O, Tsuta K, Mizukami T, Shimada Y, Isomura H, Komachi M, Furuta K, Watanabe SI, Nakano T, Yokota J, Kohno T. A synthetic lethality-based strategy to treat cancers harboring a genetic deficiency in the chromatin remodeling factor BRG1. Cancer Res 2013; 73:5508-18. [PMID: 23872584 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of inactivating mutations in SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling genes in common cancers has attracted a great deal of interest. However, mechanistic strategies to target tumor cells carrying such mutations are yet to be developed. This study proposes a synthetic-lethality therapy for treating cancers deficient in the SWI/SNF catalytic (ATPase) subunit, BRG1/SMARCA4. The strategy relies upon inhibition of BRM/SMARCA2, another catalytic SWI/SNF subunit with a BRG1-related activity. Immunohistochemical analysis of a cohort of non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) indicated that 15.5% (16 of 103) of the cohort, corresponding to preferentially undifferentiated tumors, was deficient in BRG1 expression. All BRG1-deficient cases were negative for alterations in known therapeutic target genes, for example, EGFR and DDR2 gene mutations, ALK gene fusions, or FGFR1 gene amplifications. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of BRM suppressed the growth of BRG1-deficient cancer cells relative to BRG1-proficient cancer cells, inducing senescence via activation of p21/CDKN1A. This growth suppression was reversed by transduction of wild-type but not ATPase-deficient BRG1. In support of these in vitro results, a conditional RNAi study conducted in vivo revealed that BRM depletion suppressed the growth of BRG1-deficient tumor xenografts. Our results offer a rationale to develop BRM-ATPase inhibitors as a strategy to treat BRG1/SMARCA4-deficient cancers, including NSCLCs that lack mutations in presently known therapeutic target genes.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma/therapy
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cellular Senescence
- DNA Helicases/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA Helicases/genetics
- DNA Helicases/metabolism
- Discoidin Domain Receptors
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Genes, Lethal
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Kinesins/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Middle Aged
- Mutation/genetics
- Neoplasm Staging
- Nuclear Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Oike
- Divisions of Genome Biology and Multistep Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan, USA
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Luo Z, Liu H, Sun X, Guo R, Cui R, Ma X, Yan M. RNA interference against discoidin domain receptor 2 ameliorates alcoholic liver disease in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55860. [PMID: 23409069 PMCID: PMC3567027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) is involved in fibrotic disease. However, the exact pathogenic implications of the receptor in early alcoholic liver disease are still controversial. We constructed plasmid vectors encoding short-hairpin RNA against DDR2 to investigate its role in alcoholic liver disease in an immortalized rat hepatic stellate cell line, HSC-T6, and in rats by MTT, RT-PCR and western blot analyses; immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Alcohol-induced upregulation of DDR2 was associated with the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, the transforming growth factor β1 signaling pathway and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; collagen deposition; and extracellular matrix remodeling. Inhibition of DDR2 decreased HSC-T6 cell proliferation and liver injury in rats with 10-week-induced alcoholic liver disease. DDR2 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of early-stage alcoholic liver disease. Silencing DDR2 may be effective in preventing early-stage alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Luo
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Sun
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruibing Cui
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangxing Ma
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: address: (MY); (XM)
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: address: (MY); (XM)
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Xu H, Bihan D, Chang F, Huang PH, Farndale RW, Leitinger B. Discoidin domain receptors promote α1β1- and α2β1-integrin mediated cell adhesion to collagen by enhancing integrin activation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52209. [PMID: 23284937 PMCID: PMC3527415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are receptor tyrosine kinases that bind to and are activated by collagens. Similar to collagen-binding β1 integrins, the DDRs bind to specific motifs within the collagen triple helix. However, these two types of collagen receptors recognize distinct collagen sequences. While GVMGFO (O is hydroxyproline) functions as a major DDR binding motif in fibrillar collagens, integrins bind to sequences containing Gxx'GEx". The DDRs are thought to regulate cell adhesion, but their roles have hitherto only been studied indirectly. In this study we used synthetic triple-helical collagen-derived peptides that incorporate either the DDR-selective GVMGFO motif or integrin-selective motifs, such as GxOGER and GLOGEN, in order to selectively target either type of receptor and resolve their contributions to cell adhesion. Our data using HEK293 cells show that while cell adhesion to collagen I was completely inhibited by anti-integrin blocking antibodies, the DDRs could mediate cell attachment to the GVMGFO motif in an integrin-independent manner. Cell binding to GVMGFO was independent of DDR receptor signalling and occurred with limited cell spreading, indicating that the DDRs do not mediate firm adhesion. However, blocking the interaction of DDR-expressing cells with collagen I via the GVMGFO site diminished cell adhesion, suggesting that the DDRs positively modulate integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Indeed, overexpression of the DDRs or activation of the DDRs by the GVMGFO ligand promoted α1β1 and α2β1 integrin-mediated cell adhesion to medium- and low-affinity integrin ligands without regulating the cell surface expression levels of α1β1 or α2β1. Our data thus demonstrate an adhesion-promoting role of the DDRs, whereby overexpression and/or activation of the DDRs leads to enhanced integrin-mediated cell adhesion as a result of higher integrin activation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Xu
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Bihan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Chang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W. Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Birgit Leitinger
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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41
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Carafoli F, Hohenester E. Collagen recognition and transmembrane signalling by discoidin domain receptors. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1834:2187-94. [PMID: 23128141 PMCID: PMC4332414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are two closely related receptor tyrosine kinases that are activated by triple-helical collagen in a slow and sustained manner. The DDRs have important roles in embryo development and their dysregulation is associated with human diseases, such as fibrosis, arthritis and cancer. The extracellular region of DDRs consists of a collagen-binding discoidin (DS) domain and a DS-like domain. The transmembrane region mediates the ligand-independent dimerisation of DDRs and is connected to the tyrosine kinase domain by an unusually long juxtamembrane domain. The major DDR binding site in fibrillar collagens is a GVMGFO motif (O is hydroxyproline), which is recognised by an amphiphilic trench at the top of the DS domain. How collagen binding leads to DDR activation is not understood. GVMGFO-containing triple-helical peptides activate DDRs with the characteristic slow kinetics, suggesting that the supramolecular structure of collagen is not required. Activation can be blocked allosterically by monoclonal antibodies that bind to the DS-like domain. Thus, collagen most likely causes a conformational change within the DDR dimer, which may lead to the formation of larger DDR clusters. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Emerging recognition and activation mechanisms of receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Abstract
Almost all human cancers display dysregulated expression and/or function of one or more receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The strong causative association between altered RTK function and cancer progression has been translated into novel therapeutic strategies that target these cell surface receptors in cancer. Yet, the full spectrum of RTKs that may alter the oncogenic process is not completely understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that a unique set of RTKs known as the discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) play a key role in cancer progression by regulating the interactions of tumor cells with their surrounding collagen matrix. The DDRs are the only RTKs that specifically bind to and are activated by collagen. DDRs control cell and tissue homeostasis by acting as collagen sensors, transducing signals that regulate cell polarity, tissue morphogenesis, and cell differentiation. In cancer, DDRs are hijacked by tumor cells to disrupt normal cell-matrix communication and initiate pro-migratory and pro-invasive programs. Importantly, several cancer types exhibit DDR mutations, which are thought to alter receptor function and contribute to cancer progression. Other evidence suggests that the actions of DDRs in cancer are complex, either promoting or suppressing tumor cell behavior in a DDR type/isoform specific- and context-dependent manner. Thus, there is still a considerable gap in our knowledge of DDR actions in cancer tissues. This review summarizes and discusses the current knowledge on DDR expression and function in cancer. It is hoped that this effort will encourage more research into these poorly understood but unique RTKs, which have the potential of becoming novel therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari R Valiathan
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Ikenaga N, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Akagawa S, Fujiwara K, Eguchi D, Kozono S, Ohtsuka T, Takahata S, Tanaka M. Pancreatic cancer cells enhance the ability of collagen internalization during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40434. [PMID: 22792318 PMCID: PMC3390374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is predominantly mediated by fibroblasts using intracellular and extracellular pathways. Although it is well known that extracellular degradation of the ECM by proteases derived from cancer cells facilitates cellular invasion, the intracellular degradation of ECM components by cancer cells has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to characterize collagen internalization, which is the initial step of the intracellular degradation pathway in pancreatic cancer cells, in light of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We analyzed the function of collagen internalization in two pancreatic cancer cell lines, SUIT-2 and KP-2, and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) using Oregon Green 488-gelatin. PSCs had a strong ability for collagen uptake, and the pancreatic cancer cells also internalized collagen although less efficiently. The collagen internalization abilities of SUIT-2 and KP-2 cells were promoted by EMT induced by human recombinant transforming growth factor β1 (P<0.05). Expression of Endo180, a collagen uptake receptor, was high in mesenchymal pancreatic cancer cell lines, as determined by EMT marker expression (P<0.01). Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analyses showed that Endo180 expression was also increased by EMT induction in SUIT-2 and KP-2 cells. Endo180 knockdown by RNA interference attenuated the collagen uptake (P<0.01) and invasive abilities (P<0.05) of SUIT-2 and KP-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Pancreatic cancer cells are capable of collagen internalization, which is enhanced by EMT. This ECM clearance system may be a novel mechanism for cellular invasion and a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ikenaga
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (KO); (KM)
| | - Kazuhiro Mizumoto
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Kyushu University Hospital Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (KO); (KM)
| | - Shin Akagawa
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujiwara
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiki Eguchi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shingo Kozono
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Ohtsuka
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunichi Takahata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masao Tanaka
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Roig B, Abasolo N, Moyano S, Martorell L, Vilella E. Increased expression of the spliced DDR1c isoform in brain tissues from schizophrenia patients. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46:825-7. [PMID: 22421314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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45
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Lee NO, Park JW, Lee JA, Shim JH, Kong SY, Kim KT, Lee YS. Dual action of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells: novel involvement of discoidin domain receptor 2. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2011; 138:73-84. [PMID: 22009181 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-011-1075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) greatly contributes to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is reported that a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor inhibits cellular proliferation and may attenuate VEGF expression in HCC. We propose that different cascades in the VEGF pathway respond to COX-2 inhibition, depending on the cell types. METHODS The six human HCC cell lines--Hep3B, SNU387, SNU182, SNU423, SNU449, and PLC/PRF5--were cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Cells were treated with a selective COX-2 inhibitor (NS-398) and discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) siRNA, and microarray analysis was performed. RESULTS NS-398 inhibited HCC proliferation and decreased the expression level of VEGF in HCC cells only under normoxia conditions. In hypoxia conditions, VEGF expression level in Hep3B cell was suppressed, while that in SNU387 cell was increased by NS-398 (P < 0.001). The NS-398-induced increase in VEGF expression in SNU387 cell was associated with the up-regulation of the DDR2 gene. NS-398-treated SNU series cells and PLC/PRF5 cells displayed a robust increase in DDR2 mRNA expression. Also, transfection with DDR2 siRNA decreased the VEGF expression level of SNU387, 423, 449 cells under hypoxia conditions (P < 0.05). In vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that NS-398 induces the enhancement of HIF-1α binding on VEGF promoter, leading to the increase in VEGF gene expression in hypoxic conditions. There is strong evidence that it is related to the DDR2 gene expression in SNU387 cells. CONCLUSION These findings disclose a novel cell-dependent regulatory mechanism of VEGF involving DDR2 gene in HCC cells.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Growth Processes/drug effects
- Cell Growth Processes/physiology
- Cell Hypoxia/genetics
- Cell Hypoxia/physiology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Discoidin Domain Receptors
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Nitrobenzenes/pharmacology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/biosynthesis
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Mitogen/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Transfection
- Up-Regulation
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/biosynthesis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Oak Lee
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
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46
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Hammerman PS, Sos ML, Ramos AH, Xu C, Dutt A, Zhou W, Brace LE, Woods BA, Lin W, Zhang J, Deng X, Lim SM, Heynck S, Peifer M, Simard JR, Lawrence MS, Onofrio RC, Salvesen HB, Seidel D, Zander T, Heuckmann JM, Soltermann A, Moch H, Koker M, Leenders F, Gabler F, Querings S, Ansén S, Brambilla E, Brambilla C, Lorimier P, Brustugun OT, Helland Å, Petersen I, Clement JH, Groen H, Timens W, Sietsma H, Stoelben E, Wolf J, Beer DG, Tsao MS, Hanna M, Hatton C, Eck MJ, Janne PA, Johnson BE, Winckler W, Greulich H, Bass AJ, Cho J, Rauh D, Gray NS, Wong KK, Haura EB, Thomas RK, Meyerson M. Mutations in the DDR2 kinase gene identify a novel therapeutic target in squamous cell lung cancer. Cancer Discov 2011; 1:78-89. [PMID: 22328973 PMCID: PMC3274752 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8274.cd-11-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED While genomically targeted therapies have improved outcomes for patients with lung adenocarcinoma, little is known about the genomic alterations which drive squamous cell lung cancer. Sanger sequencing of the tyrosine kinome identified mutations in the DDR2 kinase gene in 3.8% of squamous cell lung cancers and cell lines. Squamous lung cancer cell lines harboring DDR2 mutations were selectively killed by knock-down of DDR2 by RNAi or by treatment with the multi-targeted kinase inhibitor dasatinib. Tumors established from a DDR2 mutant cell line were sensitive to dasatinib in xenograft models. Expression of mutated DDR2 led to cellular transformation which was blocked by dasatinib. A squamous cell lung cancer patient with a response to dasatinib and erlotinib treatment harbored a DDR2 kinase domain mutation. These data suggest that gain-of-function mutations in DDR2 are important oncogenic events and are amenable to therapy with dasatinib. As dasatinib is already approved for use, these findings could be rapidly translated into clinical trials. SIGNIFICANCE DDR2 mutations are present in 4% of lung SCCs, and DDR2 mutations are associated with sensitivity to dasatinib. These findings provide a rationale for designing clinical trials with the FDA-approved drug dasatinib in patients with lung SCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Hammerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin L Sos
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Köln – Bonn, University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | | | - Chunxiao Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amit Dutt
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lear E Brace
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brittany A Woods
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wenchu Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xianming Deng
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sang Min Lim
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefanie Heynck
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Martin Peifer
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Jeffrey R Simard
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | | - Helga B Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Danila Seidel
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Zander
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Köln – Bonn, University of Köln, Köln, Germany
- Department I for Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes M Heuckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | | | | | - Mirjam Koker
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Frauke Leenders
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Franziska Gabler
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Silvia Querings
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Sascha Ansén
- Department I for Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Brambilla
- Institut Albert Bonniot INSERM U823; Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble France
| | - Christian Brambilla
- Institut Albert Bonniot INSERM U823; Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble France
| | - Philippe Lorimier
- Institut Albert Bonniot INSERM U823; Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble France
| | - Odd Terje Brustugun
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Montebello 0301, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åslaug Helland
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Montebello 0301, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iver Petersen
- Jena University Hospital, Department Hematology/Oncology, Jena, Germany
| | - Joachim H Clement
- Jena University Hospital, Department Hematology/Oncology, Jena, Germany
| | - Harry Groen
- University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Pulmonology and Pathology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Pulmonology and Pathology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hannie Sietsma
- University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Pulmonology and Pathology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jürgen Wolf
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Köln – Bonn, University of Köln, Köln, Germany
- Department I for Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - David G Beer
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ming Sound Tsao
- Ontario Cancer Institute and Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Megan Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles Hatton
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J Eck
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pasi A Janne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce E Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Heidi Greulich
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam J Bass
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeonghee Cho
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric B Haura
- Departments of Thoracic Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research with Klaus-Joachim-Zülch Laboratories of the Max Planck Society and the Medical Faculty of the University of Köln, Köln, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Köln – Bonn, University of Köln, Köln, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Center of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (DDR2) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which has been shown to regulate cell migration upon binding its ligand, collagen. Expression studies determined that DDR2 mRNA and protein are present in the atrioventricular canal during epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and the receptor is expressed in both activated endothelial and migrating mesenchymal cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edie C Goldsmith
- Department of Cell, Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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48
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Joshi A, Dang HQ, Vaid N, Tuteja N. Pea lectin receptor-like kinase promotes high salinity stress tolerance in bacteria and expresses in response to stress in planta. Glycoconj J 2010; 27:133-50. [PMID: 19898933 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-009-9265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The plant lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) are involved in various signaling pathways but their role in salinity stress tolerance has not heretofore been well described. Salinity stress negatively affects plant growth/productivity and threatens food security worldwide. Based on functional gene-mining assay, we have isolated 34 salinity tolerant genes out of one million Escherichia coli (SOLR) transformants containing pea cDNAs grown in 0.8 M NaCl. Sequence analysis of one of these revealed homology to LecRLK, which possesses N-myristilation and N-glycosylation sites thus corroborating the protein to be a glycoconjugate. The homology based computational modeling of the kinase domain suggested high degree of conservation with the protein already known to be stress responsive in plants. The NaCl tolerance provided by PsLecRLK to the above bacteria was further confirmed in E. coli (DH5alpha). In planta studies showed that the expression of PsLecRLK cDNA was significantly upregulated in response to NaCl as compared to K(+) and Li(+) ions, suggesting the Na(+) ion specific response. Transcript of the PsLecRLK gene accumulates mainly in roots and shoots. The purified 47 kDa recombinant PsLecRLK-KD (kinase domain) protein has been shown to phosphorylate general substrates like MBP and casein. This study not only suggests the conservation of the cellular response to high salinity stress across prokaryotes and plant kingdom but also provides impetus to develop novel concepts for better understanding of mechanism of stress tolerance in bacteria and plants. It also opens up new avenues for studying practical aspects of plant salinity tolerance for enhanced agricultural productivity.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological
- Amino Acid Sequence
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Escherichia coli/physiology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Pisum sativum/enzymology
- Pisum sativum/genetics
- Protein Kinases/chemistry
- Protein Kinases/genetics
- Protein Kinases/isolation & purification
- Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Mitogen/chemistry
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Salinity
- Salt-Tolerant Plants/enzymology
- Salt-Tolerant Plants/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sodium/metabolism
- Stress, Physiological
- Structural Homology, Protein
- Transformation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Joshi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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49
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Flynn LA, Blissett AR, Calomeni EP, Agarwal G. Inhibition of collagen fibrillogenesis by cells expressing soluble extracellular domains of DDR1 and DDR2. J Mol Biol 2009; 395:533-43. [PMID: 19900459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Collagen fiber assembly affects many physiological processes and is tightly controlled by collagen-binding proteins. However, to what extent membrane-bound versus cell-secreted collagen-binding proteins affect collagen fibrillogenesis is not well understood. In our previous studies, we had demonstrated that the membrane-anchored extracellular domain (ECD) of the collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) inhibits fibrillogenesis of collagen endogenously secreted by the cells. These results led to a novel functional role of the DDR2 ECD. However, since soluble forms of DDR1 and DDR2 containing its ECD are known to naturally exist in the extracellular matrix, in this work we investigated if these soluble DDR ECDs may have a functional role in modulating collagen fibrillogenesis. For this purpose, we created mouse osteoblast cell lines stably secreting DDR1 or DDR2 ECD as soluble proteins. Transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and hydroxyproline assays were used to demonstrate that DDR ECD expression reduced the rate and quantity of collagen deposition and induced significant changes in fiber morphology and matrix mineralization. Collectively, our studies advance our understanding of DDR receptors as powerful regulators of collagen deposition in the ECM and elucidate their multifaceted role in ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Flynn
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Fasquelle C, Sartelet A, Li W, Dive M, Tamma N, Michaux C, Druet T, Huijbers IJ, Isacke CM, Coppieters W, Georges M, Charlier C. Balancing selection of a frame-shift mutation in the MRC2 gene accounts for the outbreak of the Crooked Tail Syndrome in Belgian Blue Cattle. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000666. [PMID: 19779552 PMCID: PMC2739430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein describe the positional identification of a 2-bp deletion in the open reading frame of the MRC2 receptor causing the recessive Crooked Tail Syndrome in cattle. The resulting frame-shift reveals a premature stop codon that causes nonsense-mediated decay of the mutant messenger RNA, and the virtual absence of functional Endo180 protein in affected animals. Cases exhibit skeletal anomalies thought to result from impaired extracellular matrix remodeling during ossification, and as of yet unexplained muscular symptoms. We demonstrate that carrier status is very significantly associated with desired characteristics in the general population, including enhanced muscular development, and that the resulting heterozygote advantage caused a selective sweep which explains the unexpectedly high frequency (25%) of carriers in the Belgian Blue Cattle Breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Fasquelle
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Sartelet
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Wanbo Li
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Dive
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nico Tamma
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Charles Michaux
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tom Druet
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ivo J. Huijbers
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare M. Isacke
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter Coppieters
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel Georges
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carole Charlier
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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