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Xue L, Wang D, Zhang X, Xu S, Zhang N. Targeted and triple therapy-based liposomes for enhanced treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119642. [PMID: 32702452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that is currently incurable. Clinical practice has shown significant benefits of combined therapies for RA treatment. This study aims to develop and demonstrate an efficient triple therapy for RA in vitro and in vivo. Three anti-inflammatory agents, NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), gold nanorods (GNRs), and dexamethasone (DEX), were encapsulated into folate (FA) modified liposomes (FA-lip(DEX + GNRs/ODNs)). The FA-lip(DEX + GNRs/ODNs) showed favorable physicochemical properties and efficient intracellular uptake by inflamed macrophages. Combined with laser irradiation, FA-lip(DEX + GNRs/ODNs) greatly reduced the secretion of proinflammatory proteins and oxidative factors in vitro. In adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) mice, FA-lip(DEX + GNRs/ODNs) achieved prolonged and enhanced accumulation at inflamed paws. FA-lip(DEX + GNRs/ODNs) + laser treatment reduced clinical arthritis scores and serum cytokine levels and protected cartilage. In summary, the triple therapy demonstrated significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy and is a promising strategy to treat RA via combined anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingping Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Dongli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, HeNan, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
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Wang Z, Chu X, Li N, Fu L, Gu H, Zhang N. Engineered DNA nanodrugs alleviate inflammation in inflammatory arthritis. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119047. [PMID: 31982560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease featured with chronic joint inflammation. Suppression of inflammation is critical to RA treatment and joint protection. In this study, DNA nanodrugs are prepared via the conjugation of NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (dODNs) and VCAM-1 targeted peptides (P) onto self-assembled DNA tetrahedrons (TDs). Physicochemical properties of DNA nanodrugs are characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), gel electrophoresis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). Cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and anti-inflammatory efficacy of DNA nanodrugs are evaluated in vitro. Clinical arthritis index, inflammatory proteins in serum and joint pathophysiology are also investigated in vivo. TD-P-dODN possesses one dODN and one P and exhibits faster and higher cellular uptake by inflammatory cells compared with free dODNs. TD-P-dODN also significantly reduce inflammatory proteins in cells and adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) mice. Reduced clinical arthritis index and improved joint rehabilitation are also achieved by TD-P-dODN treatment. This study demonstrates that an engineered DNA nanodrug (TD-P-dODN) enhances the efficacy of nucleic acid drugs and represents a promising strategy for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Lingling Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Hongzhou Gu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
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3
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Zambrano S, Möller-Hackbarth K, Li X, Rodriguez PQ, Charrin E, Schwarz A, Nyström J, Wernerson AÖ, Lal M, Patrakka J. GPRC5b Modulates Inflammatory Response in Glomerular Diseases via NF- κB Pathway. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1573-1586. [PMID: 31285284 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory processes play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulopathies. Finding novel ways to suppress glomerular inflammation may offer a new way to stop disease progression. However, the molecular mechanisms that initiate and drive inflammation in the glomerulus are still poorly understood. METHODS We performed large-scale gene expression profiling of glomerulus-associated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to identify new potential therapeutic targets for glomerulopathies. The expression of Gprc5b in disease was analyzed using quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence, and by analyzing published microarray data sets. In vivo studies were carried out in a podocyte-specific Gprc5b knockout mouse line. Mechanistic studies were performed in cultured human podocytes. RESULTS We identified an orphan GPCR, Gprc5b, as a novel gene highly enriched in podocytes that was significantly upregulated in common human glomerulopathies, including diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and lupus nephritis. Similar upregulation of Gprc5b was detected in LPS-induced nephropathy in mice. Studies in podocyte-specific Gprc5b knockout mice showed that Gprc5b was not essential for normal development of the glomerular filtration barrier. However, knockout mice were partially protected from LPS-induced proteinuria and recruitment of inflammatory cells. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing in Gprc5b knockouts mice and experiments in cultured human podocytes showed that Gpr5cb regulated inflammatory response in podocytes via NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSIONS GPRC5b is a novel podocyte-specific receptor that regulates inflammatory response in the glomerulus by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Upregulation of Gprc5b in human glomerulopathies suggests that it may play a role in their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Zambrano
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katja Möller-Hackbarth
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xidan Li
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Q Rodriguez
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmanuelle Charrin
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angelina Schwarz
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Östman Wernerson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | - Mark Lal
- Division of Bioscience, Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jaakko Patrakka
- Karolinska Insitutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden;
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Zhang N, Zhang S, Xu C, Fu L, Liu T, Zhao Y. Retracted: Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides, Polysaccharides, and Targeted Peptide‐Functionalized Gold Nanorods for the Combined Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800982. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesHeNan Province Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical TechnologyMinistry of Education of ChinaHeNan Province Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Xu
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Lingling Fu
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Tuanbing Liu
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesHeNan Province Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical TechnologyMinistry of Education of ChinaHeNan Province Zhengzhou HeNan 450001 P. R. China
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Farahmand L, Darvishi B, Majidzadeh-A K. Suppression of chronic inflammation with engineered nanomaterials delivering nuclear factor κB transcription factor decoy oligodeoxynucleotides. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1249-1261. [PMID: 28870118 PMCID: PMC8240980 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1370511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a prototypical pro-inflammatory transcription factor, constitutive activation of NF-κB signaling pathway has been reported in several chronic inflammatory disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Application of decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) against NF-κB, as an effective molecular therapy approach, has brought about several promising outcomes in treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders. However, systematic administration of these genetic constructs is mostly hampered due to their instability, rapid degradation by nucleases and poor cellular uptake. Both chemical modification and application of delivery systems have shown to effectively overcome some of these limitations. Among different administered delivery systems, nanomaterials have gained much attention for delivering NF-κB decoy ODNs owing to their high loading capacity, targeted delivery and ease of synthesis. In this review, we highlight some of the most recently developed nanomaterial-based delivery systems for overcoming limitations associated with clinical application of these genetic constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Farahmand
- a Recombinant Proteins Department , Motamed Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR , Tehran , Iran
| | - Behrad Darvishi
- a Recombinant Proteins Department , Motamed Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR , Tehran , Iran
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- b Genetics Department , Motamed Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR , Tehran , Iran.,c Tasnim Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine , AJA University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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6
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Ultrasound microbubble-mediated transfection of NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotide into gingival tissues inhibits periodontitis in rats in vivo. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186264. [PMID: 29091721 PMCID: PMC5665421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease for which the fundamental treatment is to reduce the load of subgingival pathogenic bacteria by debridement. However, previous investigators attempted to implement a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) as a suppressor of periodontitis progression. Although we recently reported the effectiveness of the ultrasound-microbubble method as a tool for transfecting the NF-κB decoy ODN into healthy rodent gingival tissue, this technique has not yet been applied to the pathological gingiva of periodontitis animal models. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the technique in transfecting the NF-κB decoy ODN into rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Micro computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in alveolar bone loss following treatment with the NF-κB decoy ODN in the experimental group. RT-PCR showed that NF-κB decoy ODN treatment resulted in significantly reduced expression of inflammatory cytokine transcripts within rat gingival tissues. Thus, we established a transcutaneous transfection model of NF-κB decoy ODN treatment of periodontal tissues using the ultrasound-microbubble technique. Our findings suggest that the NF-κB decoy ODN could be used as a significant suppressor of gingival inflammation and periodontal disease progression.
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7
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A new approach to transfect NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides into the periodontal tissue using the ultrasound-microbubble method. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:80-86. [PMID: 28452376 PMCID: PMC5518970 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the ultrasound-microbubble technique in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) transfection in the gingival tissue in mice. The 6-FAM-labeled scrambled decoy ODN with microbubbles was applied to the periodontal tissue in 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice by ultrasound radiation at low (LUM-Sc) and high (HUM-Sc) intensities to optimize the transfection condition of the ultrasound-microbubble method. Histological inspections were performed two hours after transfection to compare the expression with that in the sham-operated group without ultrasound radiation (A-Sc). Then, an NF-κB decoy was transfected into the periodontal tissue using the high-intensity ultrasound-microbubble (HUM-NF) technique to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of the decoy ODN. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the expression of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the gingival tissues in the HUM-Sc, the HUM-NF and control groups. The fluorescence microscopy results showed that the fluorescent intensity in the periodontal tissues in the LUM-Sc and HUM-Sc groups was significantly higher than that in the A-Sc and the control groups. The fluorescent intensity in the HUM-Sc group, especially in the gingival connective tissue, was the highest of all groups. Western blot analysis indicated that the protein expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and ICAM-1 in the HUM-NF group were significantly lower than those in the HUM-Sc and the control groups. These findings suggest that the high-intensity ultrasound-microbubble technique is an effective tool for decoy transfection into the periodontal tissue.
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8
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Hu J, Al-Waili D, Hassan A, Fan GC, Xin M, Hao J. Inhibition of cerebral vascular inflammation by brain endothelium-targeted oligodeoxynucleotide complex. Neuroscience 2016; 329:30-42. [PMID: 27132231 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study generated a novel DNA complex to specifically target endothelial NF-κB to inhibit cerebral vascular inflammation. This DNA complex (GS24-NFκB) contains a DNA decoy which inhibits NF-κB activity, and a DNA aptamer (GS-24), a ligand of transferrin receptor (TfR), which allows for targeted delivery of the DNA decoy into cells. The results indicate that GS24-NFκB was successfully delivered into a murine brain-derived endothelial cell line, bEND5, and inhibited inflammatory responses induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) via down-regulation of the nuclear NF-κB subunit, p65, as well as its downstream inflammatory cytokines, inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1). The inhibitory effect of the GS24-NFκB was demonstrated by a significant reduction in TNF-α or OGD/R induced monocyte adhesion to the bEND5 cells after GS24-NFκB treatment. Intravenous (i.v.) injection of GS24-'NFκB (15mg/kg) was able to inhibit the levels of phoseph-p65 and VCAM-1 in brain endothelial cells in a mouse lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model in vivo. In conclusion, our approach using DNA nanotechnology for DNA decoy delivery could potentially be utilized for inhibition of inflammation in ischemic stroke and other neuro-inflammatory diseases affecting cerebral vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Daniah Al-Waili
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Aishlin Hassan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati & Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati & Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA
| | - Jiukuan Hao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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Shalini V, Pushpan CK, G S, A J, A H. Tricin, flavonoid from Njavara reduces inflammatory responses in hPBMCs by modulating the p38MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways and prevents inflammation associated endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs. Immunobiology 2015; 221:137-44. [PMID: 26514297 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies revealed the potent anti-inflammatory activity of tricin, the active component of Njavara rice bran. Here, we report the involvement of specific signaling pathways in the protective effect of tricin against LPS induced inflammation in hPBMCs and the role of tricin in modulating endothelial dysfunction in LPS induced HUVECs. Pretreatment with tricin (15μM) significantly inhibited the release of TNF-α and was comparable to the specific pathway blockers like ERK inhibitor (PD98059), JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and p38 inhibitor (SB203580), whereas an increased release of TNF-α was observed in PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002) treated cells. Tricin alone and combination treatment of tricin and SB203580 showed more significant inhibition of activation of COX-2 and TNF-α than that of SB203580 alone treated group. Combination treatment of tricin and LY294002 showed increased activation of COX-2 and TNF-α, proved that PI3K activation is essential for the anti-inflammatory effect of tricin. Studies conducted on HUVECs revealed the protective effect of tricin against endothelial dysfunction associated with LPS induced inflammation by inhibiting the activation of proinflammatory mediators like TNF-α, IFN-γ, MCP 1 by modulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. ELISA and flow cytometric analysis again confirmed the protection of tricin against endothelial damage, especially from the decreased activation of cell adhesion molecules like ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-Selectin upon tricin treatment. This work establishes the mechanism behind the potent anti-inflammatory activity of the flavonoid tricin.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Shalini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthpuram, 695581 Kerala, India.
| | - Chithra K Pushpan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthpuram, 695581 Kerala, India
| | - Sindhu G
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthpuram, 695581 Kerala, India
| | - Jayalekshmy A
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), CSIR, Industrial Estate P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, 695019 Kerala, India.
| | - Helen A
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthpuram, 695581 Kerala, India.
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10
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Uemura T, Tsujii M, Akeda K, Iino T, Satonaka H, Hasegawa M, Sudo A. Transfection of nuclear factor-kappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotide protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat epigastric flap model. J Gene Med 2013; 14:623-31. [PMID: 23080520 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is considered to play an important role in the response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in flap surgery. To inhibit NF-κB, synthetic double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was used as a decoy. The present study aimed to evaluate the suppressive effects of NF-κB against I/R injury of experimental rat flap model. METHODS An extended epigastric island flap was raised and ischemia was induced for 3 h. NF-κB decoy ODN (group D) or single-strand ODN (control; group S) was injected via the contralateral artery when the pedicle was clamped. Transfection efficiency was evaluated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled ODN. The effects of NF-κB decoy ODN were analyzed in groups D and S, and an untreated group (group N). RESULTS FITC-labeled ODN was distributed over the entire flap. Mean survival rate of the flap was significantly higher in group D than in the other groups (group D: 57.9%; group S: 31.1%; group N 31.7%; p < 0.005). Injured muscle fibers, neutrophils and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase were significantly lower in group D. A real-time polymerase chain reaction also demonstrated a tendency for suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS We show that NF-κB decoy ODN protected against flap necrosis as a result of I/R injury in rats. We also indicate that intra-arterial injection of naked NF-κB decoy ODN is effective for transfection into target organs. Therefore, transfection of NF-κB decoy ODN represents a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of flap surgery in I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Uemura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu City, Japan
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11
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Cao L, Xi Z. Fast thiol–maleamic methyl ester addition for facile covalent cross-linking of oligonucleotides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Schiffelers RM, van der Vaart TK, Storm G. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration: opportunities for development of first-in-class biopharmaceuticals. BioDrugs 2011; 25:171-89. [PMID: 21627341 DOI: 10.2165/11589330-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition that may cause blindness. The prevalence of the disease in the Western world is estimated at 1-2% of the population. Over the past decade, treatment of neovascular AMD has been shifting from destruction of newly formed blood vessels towards inhibitors that silence the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Such agents are often first-in-class biopharmaceuticals that benefit from the fact that they can be locally administered in an immune-privileged environment with slow clearance. These new VEGF pathway inhibitors have improved therapeutic effects over conventional treatment and have promoted the identification of novel targets for inhibition of AMD angiogenesis. This review describes the rationale behind the shift from conventional to current treatment options and discusses investigational, most notably biopharmaceutical, drugs that are in clinical trials. It also provides possible points for improvement of these treatments, specifically regarding their delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond M Schiffelers
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
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13
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Spiridonova VA. [Molecular recognition elements--DNA/RNA-aptamers to proteins]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2011; 56:639-56. [PMID: 21395067 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20105606639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review summarizes data on DNA/RNA aptamers--a novel class of molecular recognition elements. Special attention is paid to the aptamers to proteins involved into pathogenesis of wide spread human diseases. These include aptamers to serine protease, to cytokines/growth factors, to influenza viral protein, nucleic acid binding proteins. Strong and specific binding for a given protein target of aptamers make them an attractive class of direct protein inhibitors. They can inhibit pathogenic proteins and it is becoming clear that aptamers have the potential to be a new and effective class of therapeutic molecules.
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14
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Spiridonova VA. Molecular recognition elements: DNA/RNA-aptamers to proteins. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2010; 4:138-149. [PMID: 32288940 PMCID: PMC7101625 DOI: 10.1134/s1990750810020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes data on DNA/RNA aptamers, a novel class of molecular recognition elements. Special attention is paid to the aptamers to proteins involved into pathogenesis of wide spread human diseases. These include aptamers to serine proteases, cytokines, influenza viral proteins, immune deficiency virus protein and nucleic acid binding proteins. High affinity and specific binding of aptamers to particular protein targets make them attractive as direct protein inhibitors. They can inhibit pathogenic proteins and data presented here demonstrate that the idea that nucleic acid aptamers can regulate (inhibit) activity of protein targets has been transformed from the stage of basic developments into the stage of realization of practical tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Spiridonova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 1, bld. 40, Moscow, 119992 Russia
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15
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Tas SW, Vervoordeldonk MJBM, Tak PP. Gene therapy targeting nuclear factor-kappaB: towards clinical application in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Curr Gene Ther 2009; 9:160-70. [PMID: 19519361 PMCID: PMC2864453 DOI: 10.2174/156652309788488569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is regarded as one of the most important transcription factors and plays an essential role in the transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation and survival. NF-κB can be activated via two distinct NF-κB signal transduction pathways, the so-called canonical and non-canonical pathways, and has been demonstrated to play a key role in a wide range of inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer. Much effort has been put in strategies to inhibit NF-κB activation, for example by the development of pharmacological compounds that selectively inhibit NF-κB activity and therefore would be beneficial for immunotherapy of transplantation, autoimmune and allergic diseases, as well as an adjuvant approach in patients treated with chemotherapy for cancer. Gene therapy targeting NF-κB is a promising new strategy with the potential of long-term effects and has been explored in a wide variety of diseases, ranging from cancer to transplantation medicine and autoimmune diseases. In this review we discuss recent progress made in the development of NF-κB targeted gene therapy and the evolution towards clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander W Tas
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Yoshizumi T, Ikeda Y, Kaneda Y, Sueishi K. Ex vivo transfer of nuclear factor-kappaB decoy ameliorates hepatic cold ischemia/reperfusion injury. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:1504-7. [PMID: 19545666 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cold ischemia/reperfusion injury of the hepatic graft has been attributed to the release of various inflammatory cytokines. Specific inhibition of these cytokines may improve viability of the hepatic graft upon reperfusion. Herein we have assessed the efficacy of cis element decoy against nuclear factor-kappaB binding site delivery to the hepatic tissue in a rodent liver transplantation model. At 8 hours after reperfusion of the liver, significant reduction was noted in the livers treated with decoy in the release of cytosolic enzymes from the hepatocytes and in serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (P < .05). The neutrophilic infiltration into the hepatic grafts was significantly suppressed in the livers treated with decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). Decoy ODNs against nuclear factor-kappaB binding site delivery improved the viability of the hepatic graft against cold ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rodent liver transplantation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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17
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Kim KH, Lee ES, Cha SH, Park JH, Park JS, Chang YC, Park KK. Transcriptional regulation of NF-kappaB by ring type decoy oligodeoxynucleotide in an animal model of nephropathy. Exp Mol Pathol 2008; 86:114-20. [PMID: 19118545 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation of the tubulointerstitial compartment, leading to fibrosis, is a major factor in the progressive loss of renal function in a wide variety of kidney diseases. In order to develop a therapeutic approach for nephropathy, we examined the simultaneous inhibition of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), which is responsible for a wide range of cellular processes, especially inflammation, in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. In this study, we employed a ring-type NF-kappaB (R-NF-kappaB) decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), containing consensus promoter sequences of NF-kappaB. This R-NF-kappaB decoy ODN is more highly resistant to degradation by nucleases than is the current phosphothiolated double stranded NF-kappaB decoy ODN. The inhibitory effect of R-NF-kappaB decoy ODN on nephropathy was confirmed by molecular and histological examinations. In addition, treatment with R-NF-kappaB decoy ODN reduced the activities of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta. Interestingly, the treatment with R-NF-kappaB decoy ODN also suppressed the gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 and fibronectin, resulting in the inhibition of fibrotic changes. These results suggest that the inhibition of NF-kappaB using R-NF-kappaB decoy ODN has potential therapeutic application in the prevention of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu, College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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18
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Ichikawa S. [Medicinal chemistry targeting nucleosides and nucleic acids based on fine synthetic chemistry]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:1403-30. [PMID: 18827462 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleosides and nucleotides are one of the most important elements for cells by the fact that they are components of DNAs and RNAs. In addition, they play important roles in most fundamental cellular metabolic pathways such as energy donors, second messengers, and cofactors for various enzymes. Therefore, there exists a rich source in drug discovery targeting nucleosides and nucleotides. In order to utilize nucleosides and nucleic acids on the drug development, it is very important to develop reactions and methods, by which the highly coordinating and labile nucleoside intermediates can be used. With these in mind, we have been working on synthetic nucleoside and nucleic acid chemistry. First, branched sugar nucleoside derivatives, which are potential antitumor agents, have been synthesized utilizing samarium diiodide (SmI(2)) mediated Reformatsky reaction or aldol reaction. 3'-beta-Carbamoylmethylcytidine (CAMC) was found to exhibit potent cytotoxicity against various human tumor cell lines. Synthetic methodology of the caprazamycins, which are promising antibacterial nucleoside natural products, was also developed by the strategy including beta-selective ribosylation without using a neighboring group participation. Our synthetic route provided a range of key analogues with partial structures to define the pharmacophore. Simplification of the caprazamycins was further pursued to develop diketopiperazine analogs. Medicinal chemistry of oligodeoxynucleotides has been conducted. Thus, novel triazole-linked dumbbell oligodeoxynucleotides and modular bent oligodeoxynucleotides were synthesized. They exhibit excellent binding affinity to NF-kappaB or HMGB1 A-box protein, which are important therapeutic targets. Therefore, the results obtained conclusively demonstrated these oligodeoxynucleotides could be proposed as powerful decoy molecules.
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19
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Mukai H, Kawakami S, Hashida M. [Development of nucleic acid transfection technology to the kidney]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:1577-86. [PMID: 18981692 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is one of the most important organs that play a crucial role in homeostasis and, therefore, congenital or acquired renal dysfunction causes refractory diseases, i.e., Alport's syndrome, Fabry's disease, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, kidney cancer, transplant glomerulopathy. Nucleic acid transfection technology to the kidney is indispensable for the progress of biomedical research and the realization of gene therapy and nucleic acid drug for renal diseases. Control of renal nucleic acid transfection was difficult because of the structural complexity; however, the study of recombinant virus, synthetic carrier and physical force-mediated nucleic acid transfection to the kidney has advanced. Recombinant virus and synthetic carrier-mediated methods require long-term block of the blood or urinary flow for efficient transfection of nucleic acid because of the rich blood flow of the kidney. In contrast, physical force-mediated methods that transfect with nucleic acid via transient membrane permeability do not apprehend ischemia-reperfusion injury and, therefore, may be beneficial for nucleic acid transfection to the kidney. In this article, we collect the information of therapeutic gene, target molecule of the nucleic acid drug and target cells for renal diseases and structural property of the kidney from the point of view of nucleic acid transfection. Additively, current status of nucleic acid transfection technology to the kidney is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Mukai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Xiang JY, Wu LG, Huang XL, Zhang M, Pen L, Ouyan Q, Gan HT. Amelioration of murine dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by nuclear factor-kappaB decoy oligonucleotides. Am J Surg 2008; 197:797-805. [PMID: 18926515 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2007] [Revised: 04/06/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of NF-kappaB decoy oligonucleotides (ODNs) on an experimental model of UC. METHODS NF-kappaB decoy ODNs were administered in experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The disease activity index (DAI) and histological score were observed. NF-kappaB DNA binding activity was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS A significant improvement was observed in DAI and histological score in mice with NF-kappaB decoy ODNs, and the increase in NF-kappaB DNA binding activity, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, IL-1beta, and TNF-a in mice with DSS-induced colitis was significantly reduced following administration of NF-kappaB decoy ODNs. CONCLUSIONS The administration of NF-kappaB decoy ODNs leads to an amelioration of DSS-induced colitis, suggesting administration of NF-kappaB decoy ODNs may provide a therapeutic approach for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ying Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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21
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Buchler NE, Louis M. Molecular titration and ultrasensitivity in regulatory networks. J Mol Biol 2008; 384:1106-19. [PMID: 18938177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein sequestration occurs when an active protein is sequestered by a repressor into an inactive complex. Using mathematical and computational modeling, we show how this regulatory mechanism (called "molecular titration") can generate ultrasensitive or "all-or-none" responses that are equivalent to highly cooperative processes. The ultrasensitive nature of the input-output response is mainly determined by two parameters: the dimer dissociation constant and the repressor concentration. Because in vivo concentrations are tunable through a variety of mechanisms, molecular titration represents a flexible mechanism for generating ultrasensitivity. Using physiological parameters, we report how details of in vivo protein degradation affect the strength of the ultrasensitivity at steady state. Given that developmental systems often transduce signals into cell-fate decisions on timescales incompatible with steady state, we further examine whether molecular titration can produce ultrasensitive responses within physiologically relevant time intervals. Using Drosophila somatic sex determination as a developmental paradigm, we demonstrate that molecular titration can generate ultrasensitivity on timescales compatible with most cell-fate decisions. Gene duplication followed by loss-of-function mutations can create dominant negatives that titrate and compete with the original protein. Dominant negatives are abundant in gene regulatory circuits, and our results suggest that molecular titration might be generating an ultrasensitive response in these networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas E Buchler
- Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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22
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Ito K, Chen J, Asano T, Vaughan ED, Poppas DP, Hayakawa M, Felsen D. Liposome-mediated Gene Therapy in the Kidney. Hum Cell 2008; 17:17-28. [PMID: 15369133 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-0774.2004.tb00016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy directed to the kidney has been attempted to improve renal disorders such as inherited kidney diseases and common renal diseases that cause interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerulosclerosis. Viral and non-viral vectors have been tried and been modulated to obtain sufficient transgene expression. However, gene delivery to the kidney is usually difficult because of characteristics of renal cell biology. Among non-viral vectors, the liposome system is a promising procedure for kidney-targeted gene therapy. Using cationic liposome, tubular cells were effectively transduced by retrograde injection of liposome/cDNA complex. Although transgene expression was reportedly modest using cationic liposomes, this method improved renal disease models such as carbonic anhydrase II deficiency and unilateral ureteral obstruction. In contrast, HVJ-liposome system is an effective transfection method to glomerular cells using intra-renal arterial infusion and improved glomerular disease models such as glomerulonephritis and glomerulosclerosis. In addition, intra-renal pelvic injection of DNA by HVJ-liposome system showed transgene expression in interstitial fibroblasts. In kidney-targeted gene therapy, liposome-mediated gene transfer is an attractive method because of its simplicity and reduced toxicity. In spite of modest transgene expression, several renal disease models were successfully modulated by liposome system. Although one limitation of liposome-mediated gene delivery is the duration of transgene expression, the liposome/cDNA complex can be repeatedly administered due to the absence of an immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Ito
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
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23
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Higuchi Y, Kawakami S, Hashida M. [Development of cell-selective targeting systems of NFkappaB decoy for inflammation therapy]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:209-18. [PMID: 18239368 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
NFkappaB regulate several inflammatory related molecules and evoke immune and inflammatory response by several stimuli, therefore inhibition of NFkappaB activation would be a novel therapeutic strategy. To date, there are many conventional drugs including nonsteroldal or steroldal anti-inflammatory drugs or immune suppressors etc. were known to inhibit NFkappaB activation, however, several side effects were also reported. Recently, double stranded oligonucleotide including NFkappaB binding sequence, called NFkappaB decoy, was developed to prevent NFkappaB activation, which is powerful tool in a new class of anti-gene strategy for molecular therapy with low side effect. However, NFkappaB decoy is easily degraded by nuclease and rapidly excreted to urine, therefore it is necessary to develop carrier for NFkappaB decoy therapy. Here, we shall review delivery system for NFkappaB decoy and introduce our cell-selective delivery system for NFkappaB decoy using sugar decorated cationic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
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24
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Azuma H, Tomita N, Sakamoto T, Kiyama S, Inamoto T, Takahara K, Kotake Y, Segawa N, Morishita R, Takahara S, Hayasaki H, Otsuki Y, Horie S, Tanigawa N, Katsuoka Y. Marked regression of liver metastasis by combined therapy of ultrasound-mediated NF kappaB-decoy transfer and transportal injection of paclitaxel, in mouse. Int J Cancer 2008; 122:1645-56. [PMID: 18058816 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF kappaB) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. In this study, we developed a decoy cis-element oligo-deoxyribonucleic acid against NF kappaB-binding site (NF kappaB-decoy), which effectively inhibits NF kappaB activity, and tested the effect of combined therapy comprising local transfection of NF kappaB-decoy into the liver and transportal injection of paclitaxel on cancer growth and metastasis using an orthotopic murine model of colon cancer liver metastasis. For NF kappaB-decoy transfection, we employed a novel approach using ultrasound exposure with an echocardiographic contrast agent, Optison. We examined the influence of NF kappaB-decoy transfer on susceptibility to paclitaxel in cancer cells and the mechanism involved using several in vitro analysis systems. We then studied the in vivo effect of combined NF kappaB-decoy transfer and paclitaxel in preventing cancer progression using a murine model of liver metastasis created by splenic injection of a human colon cancer cell line, HT29. In vitro experiments, including MTT-assay, fluorescence-activated cell sorter and cDNA array analysis, revealed that NF kappaB-decoy transfer significantly increased the susceptibility of cancer cells to paclitaxel, and that decreased expression of anti-apoptotic genes along with increased expression of genes relevant to the apoptosis-promotor may be involved. In vivo experiments showed that local transfection of NF kappaB-decoy into the liver followed by portal injection of paclitaxel effectively induced cancer cell apoptosis in the liver metastasis, and significantly prolonged animal survival compared to controls, without notable side effects. In conclusion, a combination of local NF kappaB-decoy transfer into the liver and transportal injection of paclitaxel may be a safe and effective new therapy for liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
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25
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Ito K, Chen J, Khodadadian JJ, Vaughan ED, Lipkowitz M, Poppas DP, Felsen D. Adeno-associated viral vector transduction of green fluorescent protein in kidney: effect of unilateral ureteric obstruction. BJU Int 2008; 101:376-81. [PMID: 18184329 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated renal gene transfer, by examining the localization and time course of gene expression in the kidneys of mice with unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) and controls. AAV is a replication-defective virus that has the potential to deliver genes into the kidney to improve renal damage after UUO. MATERIALS AND METHODS An AAV vector carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene (rAAV-GFP) was used. In control mice, GFP expression was evaluated at 4, 7, 14 and 28 days after intrapelvic injection of rAAV or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In mice with UUO, the left ureter was obstructed, and 24 h later either rAAV or PBS was injected; GFP expression was evaluated 4, 7 and 14 days later by direct fluorescence. RESULTS In the control mice, at least 7 days was required to detect GFP expression, whereas after UUO, GFP expression was already evident at 4 days after injection. GFP was localized mainly to the medullary tubules. CONCLUSIONS This study shows successful transduction of GFP into mouse kidney using an AAV vector; GFP was expressed sooner in UUO kidneys than in the controls. These results show the feasibility of using AAV to transduce GFP into the obstructed kidney, and suggest that it might be useful in transducing therapeutically active agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Ito
- Institute for Paediatric Urology, Department of Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Fisher L, Samuelsson M, Jiang Y, Ramberg V, Figueroa R, Hallberg E, Langel U, Iverfeldt K. Targeting cytokine expression in glial cells by cellular delivery of an NF-kappaB decoy. J Mol Neurosci 2008; 31:209-19. [PMID: 17726227 DOI: 10.1385/jmn:31:03:209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB has emerged as an important strategy for design of anti-inflammatory therapies. In neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory reactions mediated by glial cells are believed to promote disease progression. Here, we report that uptake of a double-stranded oligonucleotide NF-kappaB decoy in rat primary glial cells is clearly facilitated by noncovalent binding to a cell-penetrating peptide, transportan 10, via a complementary peptide nucleic acid (PNA) sequence. Fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide decoy was detected in the cells within 1 h only when cells were incubated with the decoy in the presence of cell-penetrating peptide. Cellular delivery of the decoy also inhibited effects induced by a neurotoxic fragment of the Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide in the presence of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta. Pretreatment of the cells with the complex formed by the decoy and the cell-penetrating peptide-PNA resulted in 80% and 50% inhibition of the NF-kappaB binding activity and IL-6 mRNA expression, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Fisher
- Department of Neurochemistry, Stockholm University, SE10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Gallagher D, Gutierrez H, Gavalda N, O'Keeffe G, Hay R, Davies AM. Nuclear factor-kappaB activation via tyrosine phosphorylation of inhibitor kappaB-alpha is crucial for ciliary neurotrophic factor-promoted neurite growth from developing neurons. J Neurosci 2007; 27:9664-9. [PMID: 17804627 PMCID: PMC3512131 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0608-07.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) promotes the growth of neural processes from many kinds of neurons in the developing and regenerating adult nervous system, but the intracellular signaling mechanisms mediating this important function of CNTF are poorly understood. Here, we show that CNTF activates the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcriptional system in neonatal sensory neurons and that blocking NF-kappaB-dependent transcription inhibits CNTF-promoted neurite growth. Selectively blocking NF-kappaB activation by the noncanonical pathway that requires tyrosine phosphorylation of inhibitor kappaB-alpha (IkappaB-alpha), but not by the canonical pathway that requires serine phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha, also effectively inhibits CNTF-promoted neurite growth. CNTF treatment activates spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) whose substrates include IkappaB-alpha. CNTF-induced SYK phosphorylation is rapidly followed by increased tyrosine phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha, and blocking SYK activation or tyrosine phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha prevents CNTF-induced NF-kappaB activation and CNTF-promoted neurite growth. These findings demonstrate that NF-kappaB signaling by an unusual activation mechanism is essential for the ability of CNTF to promote the growth of neural processes in the developing nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gallagher
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff CF10 3US, United Kingdom, and
| | | | - Nuria Gavalda
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff CF10 3US, United Kingdom, and
| | - Gerard O'Keeffe
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff CF10 3US, United Kingdom, and
| | - Ron Hay
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alun M. Davies
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff CF10 3US, United Kingdom, and
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28
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Tanaka KI, Namba T, Arai Y, Fujimoto M, Adachi H, Sobue G, Takeuchi K, Nakai A, Mizushima T. Genetic evidence for a protective role for heat shock factor 1 and heat shock protein 70 against colitis. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:23240-52. [PMID: 17556362 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m704081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves infiltration of leukocytes into intestinal tissue, resulting in intestinal damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play important roles in this infiltration of leukocytes. The roles of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the development of IBD are unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of HSF1 and HSPs in an animal model of IBD, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The colitis worsened or was ameliorated in HSF1-null mice or transgenic mice expressing HSP70 (or HSF1), respectively. Administration of DSS up-regulated the expression of HSP70 in colonic tissues in an HSF1-dependent manner. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and CAMs and the level of cell death observed in colonic tissues were increased or decreased in DSS-treated HSF1-null mice or transgenic mice expressing HSP70, respectively, relative to control wild-type mice. Relative to macrophages from control wild-type mice, macrophages prepared from HSF1-null mice or transgenic mice expressing HSP70 displayed enhanced or reduced activity, respectively, for the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Suppression of HSF1 or HSP70 expression in vitro stimulated lipopolysaccharide-induced up-regulation of CAMs or ROS-induced cell death, respectively. This study provides the first genetic evidence that HSF1 and HSP70 play a role in protecting against DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, this protective role seems to involve various mechanisms, such as suppression of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and CAMs and ROS-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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29
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Tomita N, Kashihara N, Morishita R. Transcription factor decoy oligonucleotide-based therapeutic strategy for renal disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2007; 11:7-17. [PMID: 17384993 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-007-0459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Renal disease, including slight renal injuries, has come to be seen as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular events. At present, most conventional therapy is inefficient, and tends to treat the symptoms rather than the underlying causes of the disorder. Gene therapy based on oligonucleotides (ODN) offers a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of renal diseases. Gene transfer into somatic cells to interfere with the pathogenesis contributing to renal disease may provide such an approach, leading to the better prevention and treatment of renal disease. The major development of gene transfer methods has made an important contribution to an intense investigation of the potential of gene therapy in renal diseases. Amazing advances in molecular biology have provided the dramatic improvement in the technology that is necessary to transfer target genes into somatic cells. Gene transfer methods, especially when mediated by several viral vectors, have improved to a surprising extent. In fact, some (retroviral vectors, adenoviral vectors, or liposome-based vectors, etc.) have already been used in clinical trials. On the other hand, recent progress in molecular biology has provided new techniques to inhibit target gene expression. The transfer of cis-element double-stranded ODN (= decoy) has been reported to be a powerful novel tool in a new class of antigene strategies for gene therapy. The transfer of decoy ODN corresponding to the cis sequence will result in attenuation of the authentic cis-trans interaction, leading to the removal of trans-factors from the endogenous cis-elements with a subsequent modulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruya Tomita
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.
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30
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Kwon YG, Lee YG, Kang I, Lee ES, Park KK, Keum YS, Kim KH, Park JS. The Effect of Ring-type NF-kappa B (NF-kB) Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotide on the Kidney for an Experimental Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Mice. Korean J Urol 2007; 48:815. [DOI: 10.4111/kju.2007.48.8.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Gun Kwon
- Department of Urology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Guk Lee
- Department of Urology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Il Kang
- Department of Urology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Suk Lee
- Department of Urology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kwan Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoon Seop Keum
- Department of Pathology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Shin Park
- Department of Urology, Daegu Catholic University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Chen D, Pan J, Du B, Sun D. Induction of the heat shock response in vivo inhibits NF-kappaB activity and protects murine liver from endotoxemia-induced injury. J Clin Immunol 2006; 25:452-61. [PMID: 16160914 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-005-5636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2005] [Accepted: 05/02/2005] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Liver plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis by releasing various cytokines and producing acute phase proteins. Heat shock preconditioning is reported to be effective in protection of lung and liver from injury in sepsis and in endotoxemia models, but the exact mechanism is still not fully understood. We report here on the effects of the heat shock response (HSR) induced by sodium arsenite on endotoxemia-induced liver injury as well as hepatic NF-kappaB activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Prior induction of HSR significantly attenuated endotoxemia-induced histological changes, inhibited hepatic NF-kappaB activation and IkappaBalpha degradation and decreased mortality. Expression of mRNA coding for TNF-alpha and IL-6 in liver was significantly lower in arsenite-pretreated animals. We conclude that attenuation of endotoxin-induced hepatic NF-kappaB activation and subsequent proinflammatory cytokine production may be one of the mechanisms of the beneficial effect of the heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing
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32
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Abstract
Numerous nucleic acid ligands, also termed decoys or aptamers, have been developed during the past 15 years that can inhibit the activity of many pathogenic proteins. Two of them, Macugen and E2F decoy, are in phase III clinical trials. Several properties of aptamers make them an attractive class of therapeutic compounds. Their affinity and specificity for a given protein make it possible to isolate a ligand to virtually any target, and adjusting their bioavailability expands their clinical utility. The ability to develop aptamers that retain activity in multiple organisms facilitates preclinical development. Antidote control of aptamer activity enables safe, tightly controlled therapeutics. Aptamers may prove useful in the treatment of a wide variety of human maladies, including infectious diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. We review the observations that facilitated the development of this emerging class of therapeutics, summarize progress to date, and speculate on the eventual utility of such agents in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid M Nimjee
- University Program of Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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Delhalle S, Blasius R, Dicato M, Diederich M. A beginner's guide to NF-kappaB signaling pathways. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1030:1-13. [PMID: 15659775 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1329.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) belongs to a family of heterodimeric transcription factors that play a key role in inflammatory and stress responses as well as in tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. These effects are due to the NF-kappaB-dependent transcription of many proinflammatory and antiapoptotic genes, whose products ensure various cell responses to environmental conditions. The signal transduction pathways leading to NF-kappaB activation are well characterized, and the different steps implicated in these pathways involve proteins that could constitute targets for NF-kappaB inhibition. Several inhibitors aiming to prevent NF-kappaB activity and thus the transcription of target genes are studied, and a few compounds seem particularly promising. We try here to summarize the advantages that can issue from various studies on NF-kappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Delhalle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Abstract
The term glomerulonephritis encompasses a range of immune-mediated disorders that cause inflammation within the glomerulus and other compartments of the kidney. Studies with animal models have shown the crucial interaction between bone-marrow-derived inflammatory cells and cells intrinsic to the kidney that is both fundamental and unique to the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis. The mechanisms of interaction between these cells and the mediators of their coordinated response to inflammation are being elucidated. Despite these pathophysiological advances, treatments for glomerulonephritis remain non-specific, hazardous, and only partly successful. Glomerulonephritis therefore remains a common cause of end-stage kidney failure worldwide. Molecule-specific approaches offer hope for more effective and safer treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Chadban
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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Koike H, Tomita N, Azuma H, Taniyama Y, Yamasaki K, Kunugiza Y, Tachibana K, Ogihara T, Morishita R. An efficient gene transfer method mediated by ultrasound and microbubbles into the kidney. J Gene Med 2005; 7:108-16. [PMID: 15515148 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safety issues are of paramount importance in clinical human gene therapy. From this point of view, it would be better to develop a novel non-viral efficient gene transfer method. Recently, it was reported that ultrasound exposure could induce cell membrane permeabilization and enhance gene expression. METHODS In this study, we examined the potential of ultrasound for gene transfer into the kidney. First, we transfected rat left kidney with luciferase plasmid mixed with microbubbles, Optison, to optimize the conditions (duration of ultrasound and concentration of Optison). Then, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days after gene transfer, luciferase activity was measured. Next, localization of gene expression was assessed by measuring luciferase activity and green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression. Expression of GFP plasmid was examined under a fluorescence microscope at 4 and 14 days after gene transfer. Finally, to examine the side effects of this gene transfer method, biochemical assays for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cre) were performed. RESULTS Optison and/or ultrasound significantly enhanced the efficiency of gene transfer and expression in the kidney. Especially, 70-80% of total glomeruli could be transfected. Also, a significant dose-dependent effect of Optison was observed as assessed by luciferase assay (Optison 25%: 12.5 x 10(5) relative light units (RLU)/g tissue; 50%: 31.3 x 10(5) RLU/g tissue; 100%: 57.9 x 10(5) RLU/g tissue). GFP expression could be observed in glomeruli, tubules and interstitial area. Results of blood tests did not change significantly after gene transfer. CONCLUSIONS Overall, an ultrasound-mediated gene transfer method with Optison enhanced the efficiency of gene transfer and expression in the rat kidney. This novel non-viral method may be useful for gene therapy for renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Koike
- Division of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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36
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Igwe OJ. Modulation of peripheral inflammation in sensory ganglia by nuclear factor (kappa)B decoy oligodeoxynucleotide: involvement of SRC kinase pathway. Neurosci Lett 2005; 381:114-9. [PMID: 15882800 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2004] [Revised: 02/03/2005] [Accepted: 02/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF(kappa)B) transcription factor plays a key role in the expression of many genes involved in the inflammatory process. We used the Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA)-induced model of peripheral inflammation to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of double stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) with consensus NF(kappa)B sequence as transcription factor decoys to inhibit NF(kappa)kappaB activation in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Local administration of the wild-type-, but not mutant-ODN decoy, dose-dependently inhibited edema formation and paw withdrawal latency as a measure of hyperalgesic response induced by FCA in rat paw. Biochemical assays performed in ipsilateral L4/L5 dorsal root ganglia obtained following FCA/wild-type ODN treatment showed: (1) an inhibition of the activity of c-Src kinase, a member of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase super family, (2) a decreased level of p65 NF(kappa)B subunit, and (3) an inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression, a major pro-inflammatory enzyme transcriptionally controlled by NF(kappa)B. The present results indicate that the wild-type ODN decoy may act as a competitor for NF(kappa)B binding to its cognate recognition sequence as well as a modulator of c-Src activity in the DRG. The NF(kappa)B/c-Src interaction may represent a novel pathway for further exploring the molecular mechanism of inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orisa J Igwe
- M3-104, Division of Pharmacology, 2411 Holmes Street, UMKC School of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108-2792, USA.
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Bene A, Kurten RC, Chambers TC. Subcellular localization as a limiting factor for utilization of decoy oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 32:e142. [PMID: 15498923 PMCID: PMC528816 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gnh139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection of cells with short double-stranded synthetic DNA molecules that contain a transcription factor binding site, known as decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), has been proposed as a novel approach in vitro and in vivo for the study of gene regulation and for gene therapy. Once delivered into cells, decoy ODNs are predicted to bind to nuclear transcription factors, preventing their binding to consensus sequences in target genes. Using a fluorescein-labeled decoy ODN containing a consensus sequence for the AP-1 transcription factor, we show that lipid-complexed decoys were readily transfectable into cells, but were consistently detectable in the cytoplasm and not in the nucleus. The same phenomenon was observed in three different cell lines including KB-3, CHO and MDA-MB-231. The AP-1 decoy ODNs failed to inhibit the transcriptional activity of an AP-1-dependent luciferase reporter. The effect of cytoplasmic AP-1 decoy ODNs on the subcellular localization and function of c-Jun induced by the microtubule inhibitor vinblastine, which strongly induced c-Jun expression, was assessed. No difference in protein level or nuclear localization of vinblastine-induced c-Jun, or of one of its target genes, p53, was noted when cells were transfected with wild-type or mutated forms of the decoy ODNs. We suggest that subcellular localization is an unappreciated and key limiting factor for the use of transcription factor decoy ODNs that must be addressed before meaningful data interpretation can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Bene
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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38
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Cao CC, Ding XQ, Ou ZL, Liu CF, Li P, Wang L, Zhu CF. In vivo transfection of NF-kappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides attenuate renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Kidney Int 2004; 65:834-45. [PMID: 14871403 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00463.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) is a common and often fatal condition characterized by tubular epithelial cell necrosis and marked monocyte infiltration. Inflammatory mechanisms, including cell adhesion, cell infiltration, and cytokine production, are involved. These processes are thought to be directly or indirectly regulated by nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). Targeted of NF-kappaB might ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by inhibiting the production of genes that involved in ischemic ARF. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of NF-kappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) in experimental rat ischemic ARF. METHODS Ischemic ARF was induced by left renal artery clamping for 60 minutes, while the right kidney was being removed in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effect of cationic liposome-protamine-NF-kappaB decoy ODN was evaluated after infusion into the kidney via the renal artery before clamping. After 24 hours of reperfusion, we then assessed morphologic and functional parameters, NF-kappaB/DNA binding activity, monocyte/macrophage (M/MPhi) infiltration, and gene expression in I/R kidney. RESULTS After 24 hours of reperfusion, compared with sham-operated animals, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in ischemic ARF animals were increased about 10-fold and fivefold respectively. (255.67 +/- 34.48 micromol/L vs. 25.33 +/- 2.23 micromol/L and 43.47 +/- 5.50 mmol/L vs. 8.45 +/- 0.43 mmol/L, P < 0.001), NF-kappaB/DNA binding activity was markedly elevated [median value was 1.75 vs. 0.15 relative density unit (RDU), P < 0.005]. NF-kappaB decoy ODN treatment reduced the elevation of serum creatinine level by 70% (79.17 +/- 8.64 micromol/L vs. 255.67 +/- 34.48 micromol/L, P < 0.01), BUN level by 40% (28.33 +/- 4.86 mmol/L vs. 43.47 +/- 5.50 mmol/L, P= NS), and almost abolished the NF-kappaB activation compared with levels observed in sham-operated rats (median value was 0.25 vs. 1.9 RDU, P < 0.005). Furthermore, NF-kappaB decoy ODN pretreatment prevented the occurrence of tubular necrosis and reduced the renal tubular damage scores markedly (1.85 +/- 0.06 vs. 3.63 +/- 0.06 scores, P < 0.01). In addition, M/MPhi infiltration was obviously suppressed (9.77 +/- 1.19 cells/hpf vs. 29.22 +/- 1.94 cells/hpf, P < 0.01), Moreover, results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry showed the up-regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was greatly decreased, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression were also reduced, approaching levels observed in sham-operated animals. The data suggest that NF-kappaB decoy ODN treatment protects renal tissue from the effects of I/R injury and thus reduces the severity of ARF. CONCLUSION These experiments demonstrated that NF-kappaB plays a critical role in renal I/R injury by reducing a series of inflammatory genes. NF-kappaB decoy ODN treatment reduces the renal dysfunction and damage associated with ischemic ARF. Therefore, in vivo transfection of NF-kappaB decoy ODN provides a new therapeutic strategy for ischemic ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chun Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Fisher L, Soomets U, Cortés Toro V, Chilton L, Jiang Y, Langel U, Iverfeldt K. Cellular delivery of a double-stranded oligonucleotide NFkappaB decoy by hybridization to complementary PNA linked to a cell-penetrating peptide. Gene Ther 2004; 11:1264-72. [PMID: 15292915 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) is a key event in immune and inflammatory responses. In this study, a cell-penetrating transport peptide, transportan (TP) or its shorter analogue TP 10, was used to facilitate the cellular uptake of an NFkappaB decoy. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) hexamer or nonamer was linked to the transport peptide by a disulfide bond. NFkappaB decoy oligonucleotide consisted of a double-stranded consensus sequence corresponding to the kappaB site localized in the IL-6 gene promoter, 5'-GGGACTTTCCC-3', with a single-stranded protruding 3'-terminal sequence complementary to the PNA sequence was hybridized to the transport peptide-PNA construct. The ability of the transport peptide-PNA-NFkappaB decoy complex to block the effect of interleukin (IL)-1beta-induced NFkappaB activation and IL-6 gene expression was analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in rat Rinm5F insulinoma cells. Preincubation with transport peptide-PNA-NFkappaB decoy (1 microM, 1 h) blocked IL-1beta-induced NFkappaB-binding activity and significantly reduced the IL-6 mRNA expression. The same concentration of NFkappaB decoy in the absence of transport peptide-PNA had no effect even after longer incubations. Our results showed that binding of the oligonucleotide NFkappaB decoy to the nonamer PNA sequence resulted in a stable complex that was efficiently translocated across the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fisher
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neurotoxicology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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Qiu J, Hu X, Nesic O, Grafe MR, Rassin DK, Wood TG, Perez-Polo JR. Effects of NF-kappaB oligonucleotide "decoys" on gene expression in P7 rat hippocampus after hypoxia/ischemia. J Neurosci Res 2004; 77:108-18. [PMID: 15197744 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
"Decoy" oligonucleotides can be used as gene-specific nuclear factor (NF-kappaB) inhibitors to regulate gene expression. We applied two different decoy oligonucleotides that contained the NF-kappaB binding consensus sequences present in the immunoglobulin G (IgG)-kappaB and Bcl-x promoter into 7-day-old (P7) rat lateral ventricles before hypoxia/ischemia (HI) and compared their effects on gene expression in hippocampi to saline-treated, scrambled decoy-treated, or untreated hippocampi exposed to HI. Left hippocampi were collected at 12 hr after HI. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) showed that the two decoy treatments had different effects on NF-kappaB binding to the IgG-kappaB and Bcl-x promoter-specific consensus sequences, respectively. We assessed the decoys' effects on gene expression 12 hr after HI using ribonuclease protection assays (RPAs) and Affymetrix DNA microarrays. RPAs showed that both decoys significantly decreased interleukin (IL)-1alpha mRNA levels but had no impact on IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA levels. IgG-kappaB decoys significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF-beta mRNA levels compared to minimal changes after treatment with Bcl-x decoys. DNA microarray analyses showed that Bcl-x decoy treatment significantly decreased Bcl-x(L) mRNA levels. The decreased Bcl-x(L) mRNA levels after Bcl-x decoy treatment was confirmed by RPA analysis. DNA microarray data also indicated that several other genes were affected by both decoys. Our results suggest that different NF-kappaB decoy treatments could differentially regulate transcriptional responses to central nervous system trauma. Careful design of decoy sequences, however, is essential to acquire selective effects on cell death outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Qiu
- Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0652, USA
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Ahn JD, Morishita R, Kaneda Y, Kim HJ, Kim YD, Lee HJ, Lee KU, Park JY, Kim YH, Park KK, Chang YC, Yoon KH, Kwon HS, Park KG, Lee IK. Transcription factor decoy for AP-1 reduces mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production in vitro and in vivo. Gene Ther 2004; 11:916-23. [PMID: 14961072 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by an expansion of glomerular mesangium, caused by mesangial cell proliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which eventually leads to glomerulosclerosis and renal failure. Activator protein-1 (AP-1), a transcription factor, is implicated in the transcriptional regulation of a wide range of genes participating in cell proliferation and ECM production. This investigation was undertaken to test the hypothesis that AP-1 plays an important role in ECM gene expression, and to develop a molecular therapeutic strategy based on decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). In this report, we show that transfection with AP-1 decoy ODN strongly inhibits high glucose- and angiotensin II-induced cell proliferation and expression of ECM genes in cultured mesangial cells in vitro. Administration of AP-1 decoy ODN into streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat kidney in vivo using the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ)-liposome method virtually abolished TGF-beta1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression. Our results collectively indicate that AP-1 activation is crucial for mesangial cell proliferation and ECM production in response to high glucose and angiotensin II. Moreover, use of stable AP-1 decoy ODN combined with the highly effective HVJ-liposome method provides a novel potential molecular therapeutic strategy for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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42
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Abstract
Kidney-targeted gene therapy could be an ideal treatment for renal diseases since the therapeutic molecule is limited in the kidney and the systemic effect may be minimized. The technical development of the gene delivery to kidney and the identification of the responsive gene for a particular disease encourage the challenge to hereditary diseases. Collagen type IV reassembling was reported to be succeeded in Alport syndrome model by introduction of exogenous COL4A5 gene. Many gene therapies are evaluated in various glomerulonephritis models and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model, and favorable results are accumulated. Transplant kidney is an ideal target for gene therapy, by which ischemia reperfusion, acute rejection and chronic allograft nephropathy can be treated. The importation of the novel technology, for example hybrid stem cell-gene therapy could promote the gene therapy of renal diseases toward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Imai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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43
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Tomita N, Ogihara T, Morishita R. Therapeutic potential of decoy oligonucleotides strategy in cardiovascular diseases. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2004; 1:463-70. [PMID: 15030273 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.1.3.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in molecular biology has provided several new techniques to inhibit target gene expression. In particular, the application of DNA technology, such as an antisense strategy, to regulate the transcription of disease-related genes in vivo has important therapeutic potential. Recently, transfer of cis-element double-stranded oligonucleotides (ODN) (= decoy) has been reported as a new powerful tool in a new class of antigene strategies for gene therapy. Transfer of the double-stranded ODN corresponding to the cis-sequence will result in attenuation of the authentic cis-trans interaction, leading to removal of trans-factors from the endogenous cis-elements with subsequent modulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruya Tomita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
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Morishita R, Tomita N, Kaneda Y, Ogihara T. Molecular therapy to inhibit NFkappaB activation by transcription factor decoy oligonucleotides. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2004; 4:139-46. [PMID: 15063357 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2003.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular therapy is emerging as a potential strategy for the treatment of various diseases for which few known effective therapies exist. One strategy for combating disease processes has been to target the transcriptional process. Two approaches have been used to accomplish this: the use of antisense complimentary to the mRNA of interest and the use of ribozymes, a unique class of RNA molecules that not only store information but also process catalytic activity. Ribozymes are known to catalytically cleave specific target RNA, leading to its degradation, whereas antisense molecules inhibit translation by binding to mRNA sequences on a stoichiometric basis. More recently, small interfering RNA has been shown to inhibit target gene expression. The application of oligonuclotide technology, such as antisense, to regulate the transcription of disease-related genes in vivo has important therapeutic potential. Transfection of cis-element double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides has been reported as a powerful tool in a new class of anti-gene strategies for molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Morishita
- Division of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
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45
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Lindstrom T, Bennett P. Transcriptional regulation of genes for enzymes of the prostaglandin biosynthetic pathway. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2004; 70:115-35. [PMID: 14683688 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2003.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies over the years have demonstrated changes in prostaglandin (PG) levels in intrauterine tissues in association with labour, and PG administration has long been used to induce delivery. While it is now widely accepted that PGs play a major role in human parturition, the complex regulation of their levels is still being elucidated, with the focus on the transcriptional control of the enzymes responsible for the various steps in PG biosynthesis and catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Lindstrom
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Parturition Research Group, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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46
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Abstract
Somatic cell gene therapy has made considerable progress last five years and has shown clear success in some clinical trials. In the field of nephrology, both the elucidation of pathophysiology of renal diseases and the development of gene transfer technique have become driving force for new therapy of incurable renal diseases, such as Alport syndrome and polycystic kidney disease. Gene therapy of renal cancer, although its application is limited to advanced cancer, is the front-runner of clinical application. Erythropoietin gene therapy has provided encouraging results for the treatment of anemia in uremic rats and recently progressed to the inducible one in response to hypoxia. Gene therapy for glomerulonephritis and renal fibrosis showed prominent impact on experimental models, although the safety must be confirmed for prolonged treatment. Transplant kidney is an ideal material for gene modification and induction of tolerance in the transplant kidney is an attractive challenge. Emerging techniques are becoming available such as stem cell technology and messenger RNA silencing strategies. We believe that the future of gene therapy research is exciting and promising and it holds an enormous potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Imai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
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47
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Xiong HQ, Abbruzzese JL, Lin E, Wang L, Zheng L, Xie K. NF-kappaB activity blockade impairs the angiogenic potential of human pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2004; 108:181-8. [PMID: 14639600 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of blockade of NF-kappaB activity on human pancreatic cancer angiogenesis was determined in an orthotopic xenograft model. Highly metastatic L3.3 human pancreatic cancer cells, which expressed an elevated level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity, were transfected with a mutated IkappaBalpha (IkappaBalphaM). After implantation in the pancreas of nude mice, parental (L3.3) and control vector-transfected (L3.3-Neo) cells produced rapidly growing tumors and liver metastases, whereas IkappaBalphaM-transfected (L3.3-IkappaBalphaM) cells had decreased tumorigenicity and metastatic potential. NF-kappaB signaling blockade significantly inhibited the in vitro and in vivo expression of the major proangiogenic molecules vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-8 and decreased tumor vascular formation. These events were correlated with retarded tumor growth and suppression of metastasis. Collectively, these data suggest that suppression of tumorigenicity and metastasis by NF-kappaB blockade is due to impaired angiogenic potential of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Q Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Rayment SJ, Shaw J, Woollard KJ, Lunec J, Griffiths HR. Vitamin C supplementation in normal subjects reduces constitutive ICAM-1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 308:339-45. [PMID: 12901874 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of monocyte adhesion molecule gene expression is via redox sensitive transcription factors. We have investigated whether dietary antioxidant supplementation with vitamin C (250 mg/day) can modulate monocyte ICAM-1 expression in healthy male subjects with low plasma vitamin C at baseline. In a randomised, double-blind, crossover study, monocyte ICAM-1 mRNA was analysed using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Protein was determined by flow cytometry (monocytes) and ELISA (plasma). Monocyte numbers were unaltered by supplementation. Subjects with low plasma vitamin C (<50 microM) prior to supplementation expressed higher levels of monocyte ICAM-1mRNA, and showed a significant (50%) reduction in ICAM-1mRNA expression after 6 weeks of 250 mg/day vitamin C supplementation (p<0.05). This was paralleled by a reduction in sICAM-1 (p<0.05). For the first time, these results show that dietary vitamin C can modulate monocyte ICAM-1 gene expression in vivo, where regulation of gene expression represents a novel mechanism for benefit from dietary antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Rayment
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Pocock J, Gómez-Guerrero C, Harendza S, Ayoub M, Hernández-Vargas P, Zahner G, Stahl RAK, Thaiss F. Differential activation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, and C/EBP in endotoxin-tolerant rats: mechanisms for in vivo regulation of glomerular RANTES/CCL5 expression. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 170:6280-91. [PMID: 12794161 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.12.6280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines play a pivotal role in the regulation of inflammatory cell infiltration in glomerular immune injury. To characterize mechanisms relevant for the regulation of chemokine expression in vivo, the LPS-mediated model of renal inflammation in rats was used in which we have previously demonstrated that the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 is expressed and secreted in glomeruli. Glomerular RANTES/CCL5 expression in this model correlated with an increased glomerular binding activity of the transcription factors AP-1, C/EBP, and NF-kappaB. To gain further insight into the functional roles of these transcription factors in the regulation of glomerular RANTES/CCL5 expression, we cloned the rat RANTES/CCL5 promoter and established the model of in vivo LPS tolerance. In tolerant rats, LPS-induced glomerular RANTES/CCL5 expression and activation of the transcription factors AP-1 and C/EBP were significantly reduced using both consensus and rat RANTES/CCL5-specific oligonucleotides. Reduced glomerular NF-kappaB binding activity after LPS injection could be demonstrated in tolerant rats only when using rat RANTES/CCL5-specific oligonucleotides. Reduced binding activity to this RANTES/CCL5-specific NF-kappaB binding site in the context of broad NF-kappaB activation might be due to changes in transcription factor interactions or chromatin remodeling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pocock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Osteology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Azuma H, Tomita N, Kaneda Y, Koike H, Ogihara T, Katsuoka Y, Morishita R. Transfection of NFkappaB-decoy oligodeoxynucleotides using efficient ultrasound-mediated gene transfer into donor kidneys prolonged survival of rat renal allografts. Gene Ther 2003; 10:415-25. [PMID: 12601396 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) plays a pivotal role in the coordinated transactivation of a series of genes of cytokines and adhesion molecules that are highly involved in the onset of acute rejection in organ transplantation. We previously developed decoy cis-elements oligo deoxyribonucleic acid against NFkappaB (NFkappaB-decoy) that effectively inhibited the activation of major inflammatory mediators in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, we hypothesized that transfection of NFkappaB-decoy into the donor kidney would prevent acute rejection and prolong graft survival, and thus provide effective therapy for renal acute rejection. To transfect NFkappaB-decoy, we employed a novel approach using ultrasound exposure with an echocardiographic contrast agent, Optison, and clearly demonstrated successful transfection of NFkappaB-decoy into renal tissue. The therapeutic effect of NFkappaB-decoy on renal allografts was then evaluated in a rat renal allograft model (Wistar-Lewis). In the control group, graft function significantly deteriorated with marked destruction of renal tissue, accompanied by increased production of major inflammatory mediators, and all animals died of renal failure by 9 days. In contrast, graft function (serum creatinine on day 2, NFkappaB-treated: 0.97+/-0.16 versus control: 1.84+/-0.23 mg/dl, P<0.01) and histological structure were well preserved with significantly decreased expression of NFkappaB-regulated cytokines and adhesion molecules, including IL-1, iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-alpha, and ICAM-1, in allografts transfected with NFkappaB-decoy. As a result, animal survival was significantly prolonged in this group as compared to controls (14.2+/-5.2 versus 7.1+/-1.2 days, P<0.01). Thus, we established a novel ultrasound-Optison-mediated gene transfection approach and demonstrated the significant prolongation of graft survival by the successful transfection of NFkappaB-decoy into the donor kidney in a rat renal allograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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