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James EI, Murphree TA, Vorauer C, Engen JR, Guttman M. Advances in Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry and the Pursuit of Challenging Biological Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:7562-7623. [PMID: 34493042 PMCID: PMC9053315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
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Solution-phase hydrogen/deuterium
exchange (HDX) coupled to mass
spectrometry (MS) is a widespread tool for structural analysis across
academia and the biopharmaceutical industry. By monitoring the exchangeability
of backbone amide protons, HDX-MS can reveal information about higher-order
structure and dynamics throughout a protein, can track protein folding
pathways, map interaction sites, and assess conformational states
of protein samples. The combination of the versatility of the hydrogen/deuterium
exchange reaction with the sensitivity of mass spectrometry has enabled
the study of extremely challenging protein systems, some of which
cannot be suitably studied using other techniques. Improvements over
the past three decades have continually increased throughput, robustness,
and expanded the limits of what is feasible for HDX-MS investigations.
To provide an overview for researchers seeking to utilize and derive
the most from HDX-MS for protein structural analysis, we summarize
the fundamental principles, basic methodology, strengths and weaknesses,
and the established applications of HDX-MS while highlighting new
developments and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie I James
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Taylor A Murphree
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Clint Vorauer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - John R Engen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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2
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Zhao J, Peng H, Gao J, Nong A, Hua H, Yang S, Chen L, Wu X, Zhang H, Wang J. Current insights into the expression and functions of tumor-derived immunoglobulins. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:148. [PMID: 34226529 PMCID: PMC8257790 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported expressions of immunoglobulins (Igs) in many human tumor tissues and cells. Tumor-derived Igs have displayed multiple significant functions which are different from classical Igs produced by B lymphocytes and plasma cells. This review will concentrate on major progress in expressions, functions, and mechanisms of tumor-derived Igs, similarities and differences between tumor-derived Igs and B-cell-derived Igs. We also discuss the future research directions of tumor-derived Igs, including their structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, mechanisms for rearrangement and expression regulation, signaling pathways involved, and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Anna Nong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Haoming Hua
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Xiangsheng Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Juping Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China.
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3
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Enhancement of infectivity of insect cell-derived La Crosse Virus by human serum. Virus Res 2020; 292:198228. [PMID: 33188797 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the dual life cycle of arboviruses in insect and animal hosts and the importance of serum factors as a first line antiviral defense, we have examined the outcome of interactions between the arbovirus La Crosse Virus (LACV) and human serum. To mimic the life cycle between species, we used LACV derived from insect (I-LACV) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Incubation of I-LACV with normal human serum did not result in neutralization, but instead stabilized I-LACV virions and enhanced the amount of infectious virus. Enhanced infectivity was also seen with heat-inactivated serum devoid of complement activity and with serum from a range of animals including mouse, ferret, and non-human primates. Depletion of antibodies from serum resulted in loss of enhancement of infectivity and sucrose gradient sedimentation assays showed IgG co-sedimenting with I-LACV particles. In agreement with our results with I-LACV, HaCaT-derived LACV was not neutralized by complement or antibodies in normal human serum. However, in contrast to I-LACV, HaCaT-derived LACV infectivity was stable when incubated alone and treatment with serum did not enhance infectivity. Our results indicate that LACV derived from insect cells differs substantially from virus derived from human cells, with I-LACV being dependent on serum factors to enhance infectivity. These findings suggest that understanding differential composition of insect versus animal cell-derived LACV may form the foundation for potential new antiviral approaches.
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4
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Natural Antibodies: from First-Line Defense Against Pathogens to Perpetual Immune Homeostasis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 58:213-228. [PMID: 31161341 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-019-08746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural antibodies (nAbs) are most commonly defined as immunoglobulins present in the absence of pathological conditions or deliberate immunizations. Occurrence of nAbs in germ- and antigen-free mice suggest that their production is driven, at least in part, by self-antigens. Accordingly, nAbs are constituted of natural autoantibodies (nAAbs), and can belong to the IgM, IgG, or IgA subclasses. These nAbs provide immediate protection against infection while the adaptive arm of the immune system mounts a specific and long-term response. Beyond immediate protection from infection, nAbs have been shown to play various functional roles in the immune system, which include clearance of apoptotic debris, suppression of autoimmune and inflammatory responses, regulation of B cell responses, selection of the B cell repertoires, and regulation of B cell development. These various functions of nAbs are afforded by their reactivity, which is broad, cross-reactive, and shown to recognize evolutionarily fixed epitopes shared between foreign and self-antigens. Furthermore, nAbs have unique characteristics that also contribute to their functional roles and set them apart from antigen-specific antibodies. In further support for the role of nAbs in the protection against infections and in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, the therapeutic preparation of polyclonal immunoglobulins, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), rich in nAbs is commonly used in the replacement therapy of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies and in the immunotherapy of a large number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we review several topics on nAbs features and functions, and therapeutic applications in human diseases.
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5
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Issara-Amphorn J, Somboonna N, Pisitkun P, Hirankarn N, Leelahavanichkul A. Syk inhibitor attenuates inflammation in lupus mice from FcgRIIb deficiency but not in pristane induction: the influence of lupus pathogenesis on the therapeutic effect. Lupus 2020; 29:1248-1262. [PMID: 32700597 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320941106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are responsible for the recognition of pathogen molecules. The downstream signalling of the innate immune responses against pathogen molecules, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG), and the adaptive immune response to antibodies, Fc gamma receptor (FcgR), is spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). Because pathogen molecules and antibodies could be presented in lupus, impact of Syk and macrophages in lupus is explored. FcgR-IIb deficient (FcgRIIb-/-) mice, a model of inhibitory signalling loss, at 40 weeks old, but not pristane mice (a chemical induction lupus model) demonstrated spontaneous elevation of LPS and BG in serum from gut translocation despite the similarity in faecal microbiome analysis. Syk abundance in FcgRIIb-/- mice was higher than in pristane mice, possibly due to several Syk activators (anti-dsDNA, LPS and BG), and Syk inhibitor-attenuated proteinuria and serum cytokines only in FcgRIIb-/- mice. In addition, LPS + BG enhanced the expression of activating FcgRs, NF-κB and Syk, together with supernatant TNF-α predominantly in FcgRIIb-/- compared to wild-type macrophages. The inhibitors against Dectin-1, Syk and nuclear factor kappa B, but not anti-Raf-1, reduced supernatant TNF-α in LPS+BG-activated macrophages, implying Syk-dependent signalling. The pathogen molecules enhanced activating-FcgRs, without inhibition, through Syk, a shared downstream innate and adaptive signalling, is responsible for the hyper-responsiveness in FcgRIIb-/- macrophages. In conclusion, Syk inhibitor attenuated inflammation in FcgRIIb-/- but not in pristane mice, implying the influence of a lupus genetic background in treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraphorn Issara-Amphorn
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Programme, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naraporn Somboonna
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Microbiome Research Unit for Probiotics in Food and Cosmetics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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6
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Abstract
In contrast to adaptive antibodies, natural antibodies are present in a non-immunised organism from birth, and they do not include anti-Gal antibodies and/or anti-Gal natural antibodies, which are developed as a result of the effect of the α-Gal epitope and physiological flora. Natural antibodies are the first line of the organism’s defence before the formation of the immunity created via the stimulation of elements that determine specific and non-specific immunity. This is especially important in the case of infants. Despite the fact that natural antibodies differ in their function from adaptive antibodies, they are polyreactive and they detect autoantigens and new antigenic determinants. Natural antibodies are formed from the subpopulation of B lymphocytes, mainly B1 lymphocytes and B lymphocytes of the marginal zone. This phenomenon is supported by the fact that when the quantity of these cells in the organism decreases, which happens with age, the level of natural antibodies also decreases and the risk of illnesses of old age becomes higher. During ontogenesis, these antibodies participate in many physiological processes, including the “support” of the immune system and homeostasis, the prevention of inflammation, infections and other pathological states, such as autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases, or the process of carcinogenesis. The best known natural antibody is IgM, but the role of IgGs and IgAs is also considered important. Nowadays, many researchers also mention intravenous immunoglobulins, which are used in the treatment of numerous illnesses, and there are discussions on the possibility of increasing their potential if they were based on natural antibodies.
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7
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Abstract
Macrophages (MØs) are a key cell type of both the innate and the adaptive immune response and can tailor their response to prevailing conditions. To sense the host's status, MØs employ two classes of receptors: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are sensors for pathogen-derived material, and Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) that are detectors of the adaptive immune response. How MØs integrate the input from these various sensors is not understood and is the focus of active study. Here, we review the recent literature on the molecular mechanisms of TLR and FcgR crosstalk and synergy, and discuss the implications of these findings. This overview suggests a multilayered mechanism of receptor synergy that allows the MØ to fine-tune its response to prevailing conditions and provides ideas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lennartz
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12008, USA
| | - James Drake
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12008, USA
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Man-Kupisinska A, Michalski M, Maciejewska A, Swierzko AS, Cedzynski M, Lugowski C, Lukasiewicz J. A New Ligand-Based Method for Purifying Active Human Plasma-Derived Ficolin-3 Complexes Supports the Phenomenon of Crosstalk between Pattern-Recognition Molecules and Immunoglobulins. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156691. [PMID: 27232184 PMCID: PMC4883783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recombinant protein technology development, proteins isolated from natural sources remain important for structure and activity determination. Ficolins represent a class of proteins that are difficult to isolate. To date, three methods for purifying ficolin-3 from plasma/serum have been proposed, defined by most critical step: (i) hydroxyapatite absorption chromatography (ii) N-acetylated human serum albumin affinity chromatography and (iii) anti-ficolin-3 monoclonal antibody-based affinity chromatography. We present a new protocol for purifying ficolin-3 complexes from human plasma that is based on an exclusive ligand: the O-specific polysaccharide of Hafnia alvei PCM 1200 LPS (O-PS 1200). The protocol includes (i) poly(ethylene glycol) precipitation; (ii) yeast and l-fucose incubation, for depletion of mannose-binding lectin; (iii) affinity chromatography using O-PS 1200-Sepharose; (iv) size-exclusion chromatography. Application of this protocol yielded average 2.2 mg of ficolin-3 preparation free of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), ficolin-1 and -2 from 500 ml of plasma. The protein was complexed with MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) and was able to activate the complement in vitro. In-process monitoring of MBL, ficolins, and total protein content revealed the presence of difficult-to-remove immunoglobulin G, M and A, in some extent in agreement with recent findings suggesting crosstalk between IgG and ficolin-3. We demonstrated that recombinant ficolin-3 interacts with IgG and IgM in a concentration-dependent manner. Although this association does not appear to influence ficolin-3-ligand interactions in vitro, it may have numerous consequences in vivo. Thus our purification procedure provides Ig-ficolin-3/MASP complexes that might be useful for gaining further insight into the crosstalk and biological activity of ficolin-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Man-Kupisinska
- Department of Immunochemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Michalski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
- Institute of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Maciejewska
- Department of Immunochemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna S. Swierzko
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Cedzynski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Czeslaw Lugowski
- Department of Immunochemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Lukasiewicz
- Department of Immunochemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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9
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Panda S, Ding JL. Natural antibodies bridge innate and adaptive immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 194:13-20. [PMID: 25527792 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural Abs, belonging to isotypes IgM, IgG3, and IgA, were discovered nearly half a century ago. Despite knowledge about the role of the polyreactive natural IgM in pathogen elimination, B cell survival and homeostasis, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmunity, there is a lack of clarity about the physiological role of natural IgG and natural IgA because they appear incapable of recognizing Ags on their own and are perceived as nonreactive. However, recent research revealed exciting functions of natural IgG in innate immunity. Natural IgG:lectin collaboration swiftly and effectively kills invading pathogens. These advances prompt further examination of natural Abs in immune defense and homeostasis, with the potential for developing novel therapeutics. This review provides new insights into the interaction between natural Abs and lectins, with implications on how interactions between molecules of the innate and adaptive immune systems bridge these two arms of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Panda
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Jeak L Ding
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
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10
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Endo Y, Matsushita M, Fujita T. New insights into the role of ficolins in the lectin pathway of innate immunity. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 316:49-110. [PMID: 25805122 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In the innate immune system, a variety of recognition molecules provide the first-line host defense to prevent infection and maintain endogenous homeostasis. Ficolin is a soluble recognition molecule, which senses pathogen-associated molecular patterns on microbes and aberrant sugar structures on self-cells. It consists of a collagen-like stalk and a globular fibrinogen-like domain, the latter binding to carbohydrates such as N-acetylglucosamine. Ficolins have been widely identified in animals from higher invertebrates to mammals. In mammals, ficolins form complexes with mannose-binding lectin-associated serine proteases (MASPs), and ficolin-MASP complexes trigger complement activation via the lectin pathway. Once activated, complement mediates many immune responses including opsonization, phagocytosis, and cytokine production. Although the precise function of each ficolin is still under investigation, accumulating information suggests that ficolins have a crucial role in host defense by recognizing a variety of microorganisms and interacting with effector proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Endo
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Radioisotope Research Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Misao Matsushita
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Teizo Fujita
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Fukushima General Hygiene Institute, Fukushima, Japan
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Abstract
The roles of human serum IgA, in contrast to that of mucosal IgA, are relatively unexplored. Previous studies have shown that IgA mediates either pro- or anti-inflammatory effects in innate immune cells. Serum IgA has been shown to interact with many proteins and glycoproteins of which the functions and mechanisms are not fully characterized. Here, we present fresh perspectives into the roles of serum IgA, describing novel IgA-protein interactions, the importance of its glycosylation status in normal functions, and the plausible role of IgA as a driver and regulator of autoimmune diseases/immune overactivation. Other potential roles, including the regulation of cytokines, effector cell function, and homeostasis, are considered in view of the maintenance of immune function. We anticipate future research to uncover new anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory roles of human serum IgA in immune functions and dysfunctions, with implications on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wai Leong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
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12
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Human lectins and their roles in viral infections. Molecules 2015; 20:2229-71. [PMID: 25642836 PMCID: PMC6272597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20022229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate recognition of virus proteins is an important component of the immune response to viral pathogens. A component of this immune recognition is the family of lectins; pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognise viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including viral glycoproteins. In this review we discuss the contribution of soluble and membrane-associated PRRs to immunity against virus pathogens, and the potential role of these molecules in facilitating virus replication. These processes are illustrated with examples of viruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Ebola virus (EBOV). We focus on the structure, function and genetics of the well-characterised C-type lectin mannose-binding lectin, the ficolins, and the membrane-bound CD209 proteins expressed on dendritic cells. The potential for lectin-based antiviral therapies is also discussed.
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13
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Lei X, Liu C, Azadzoi K, Li C, Lu F, Xiang A, Sun J, Guo Y, Zhao Q, Yan Z, Yang J. A novel IgM-H-ficolin complement pathway to attack allogenic cancer cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7824. [PMID: 25592840 PMCID: PMC4296296 DOI: 10.1038/srep07824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pentameric serum IgMs are critical to immune defense and surveillance through cytotoxicity against microbes and nascent cancer cells. Ficolins, a group of oligomeric lectins with an overall structure similar to C1q and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) participate in microbe infection and apoptotic cell clearance by activating the complement lectin pathway or a primitive opsonophagocytosis. It remains unknown whether serum IgMs interplay with ficolins in cancer immunosurveillance. Here we report a natural cancer killing of different types of cancer cells by sera from a healthy human population mediated by a novel IgM-H-ficolin complement activation pathway. We demonstrate for the first time that H-ficolin bound to a subset of IgMs in positive human sera and IgM-H-ficolin deposited on cancer cells to activate complement attack in cancer cells. Our data suggest that the IgM-H-ficolin -mediated complement activation pathway may be another defensive strategy for human cancer immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Departments of Surgery and Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130 USA
| | - Kazem Azadzoi
- Departments of Surgery and Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130 USA
| | - Cuiling Li
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000 China
| | - Fan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - An Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Jianbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Yanhai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Zhen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Departments of Surgery and Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130 USA
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000 China
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory
F. Pirrone
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115 United States
| | - Roxana E. Iacob
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115 United States
| | - John R. Engen
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02115 United States
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