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Mata L, Knapp RA, McDougall R, Overton K, Hoffmann AA, Umina PA. Acute toxicity effects of pesticides on beneficial organisms - Dispelling myths for a more sustainable use of chemicals in agricultural environments. Sci Total Environ 2024; 930:172521. [PMID: 38641095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural practitioners, researchers and policymakers are increasingly advocating for integrated pest management (IPM) to reduce pesticide use while preserving crop productivity and profitability. Using selective pesticides, putatively designed to act on pests while minimising impacts on off-target organisms, is one such option - yet evidence of whether these chemicals control pests without adversely affecting natural enemies and other beneficial species (henceforth beneficials) remains scarce. At present, the selection of pesticides compatible with IPM often considers a single (or a limited number of) widely distributed beneficial species, without considering undesired effects on co-occurring beneficials. In this study, we conducted standardised laboratory bioassays to assess the acute toxicity effects of 20 chemicals on 15 beneficial species at multiple exposure timepoints, with the specific aims to: (1) identify common and diverging patterns in acute toxicity responses of tested beneficials; (2) determine if the effect of pesticides on beetles, wasps and mites is consistent across species within these groups; and (3) assess the impact of mortality assessment timepoints on International Organisation for Biological Control (IOBC) toxicity classifications. Our work demonstrates that in most cases, chemical toxicities cannot be generalised across a range of beneficial insects and mites providing biological control, a finding that was found even when comparing impacts among closely related species of beetles, wasps and mites. Additionally, we show that toxicity impacts increase with exposure length, pointing to limitations of IOBC protocols. This work challenges the notion that chemical toxicities can be adequately tested on a limited number of 'representative' species; instead, it highlights the need for careful consideration and testing on a range of regionally and seasonally relevant beneficial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Mata
- Cesar Australia, 95 Albert Street, Brunswick 3056, Victoria, Australia; School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond 3121, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Rosemary A Knapp
- Cesar Australia, 95 Albert Street, Brunswick 3056, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert McDougall
- Cesar Australia, 95 Albert Street, Brunswick 3056, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathy Overton
- Cesar Australia, 95 Albert Street, Brunswick 3056, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul A Umina
- Cesar Australia, 95 Albert Street, Brunswick 3056, Victoria, Australia; Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.
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2
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Chandio AA, Alnafissa M, Akram W, Usman M, Joyo MA. Examining the impact of farm management practices on wheat production: Does agricultural investment matter? Heliyon 2023; 9:e22982. [PMID: 38149185 PMCID: PMC10750053 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the allocation of public funds toward agriculture has consistently played a pivotal role in facilitating the modernization and commercialization of the agricultural industry. Similarly, the integration of technological breakthroughs plays a pivotal role in guaranteeing the sustainability of food production, not solely for the present populace but also for subsequent generations. The present study examines the impact of public investment in agriculture and farm management practices, specifically focusing on cultivated area, fertilizer use, pesticide application, total agricultural machinery, and rural labour force on wheat production in nine provinces of China. The study encompasses the period from 1995 to 2020. This study employs advanced econometric techniques, such as second-generation unit root procedures (CADF and CIPS) and the Westerlund cointegration method, to investigate the stationarity properties and cointegration of the variables. The findings derived from the AMG and CCEMG methods indicate that public investment plays a statistically significant influence on wheat production. In the context of production-related variables, long-term wheat production is statistically and substantially influenced by the total area under cultivation, fertilizer use, and pesticide application. Besides these results, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test reveals a unidirectional causality from agricultural machinery power consumption to wheat production. Furthermore, bidirectional causality exists between public investment, cultivated area, fertilizer use, labour, and wheat production. These results provide vital implications and valuable insights for policymakers in China, which may furnish novel policymaking options for sustainable food production through strategic investments in research and development, irrigation systems, and technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ali Chandio
- College of Economics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mohamad Alnafissa
- Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqar Akram
- School of Accounting, Finance, and Economics (SAFE), University of Waikato, Hamilton Campus, New Zealand
| | - Muhammad Usman
- School of Economics and Management, and Center for Industrial Economics, Wuhan University, Wuha, 430072, China
| | - Mumtaz Ali Joyo
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Social Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
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3
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Ashraf SA, Mahmood D, Elkhalifa AEO, Siddiqui AJ, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Patel M, Snoussi M, Kieliszek M, Adnan M. Exposure to pesticide residues in honey and its potential cancer risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114014. [PMID: 37659576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Honey is the most recognized natural food by-product derived from flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honeybees. Significance of honey for its medicinal importance are well-documented in the world's oldest medical literatures. However, the current urbanization, environmental contaminations and changes in agricultural, as well as apiculture practices has led to various types of contaminations in honey. Among all, pesticide contamination has become one of the major issues worldwide. This review focuses on the recent updates concerning pesticides occurrence in honey, as well as how the repeated use and long-term exposure to honey contaminated with pesticide residues could affect the human physiological functions, possibly leading to the development of various cancers. Our findings suggests that uncontrolled use of pesticides in farming and apiculture practices leads to the occurrence of pesticides residues in honey. Therefore, regular consumption of such honey will pose a serious threat to human health, since most of the pesticides has been reported as potential carcinogens. This review will draw the attention of honey consumers, scientific communities, apiculture farmers, as well as governing bodies to strictly monitor the pesticide usage in floriculture, agriculture as well as other related practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, P.O. Box 5888, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd Elmoneim O Elkhalifa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, ArRass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, India
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia.
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Schneider K, Barreiro-Hurle J, Vossen J, Schouten HJ, Kessel G, Andreasson E, Kieu NP, Strassemeyer J, Hristov J, Rodriguez-Cerezo E. Insights on cisgenic plants with durable disease resistance under the European Green Deal. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:1027-1040. [PMID: 37419837 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Significant shares of harvests are lost to pests and diseases, therefore, minimizing these losses could solve part of the supply constraints to feed the world. Cisgenesis is defined as the insertion of genetic material into a recipient organism from a donor that is sexually compatible. Here, we review (i) conventional plant breeding, (ii) cisgenesis, (iii) current pesticide-based disease management, (iv) potential economic implications of cultivating cisgenic crops with durable disease resistances, and (v) potential environmental implications of cultivating such crops; focusing mostly on potatoes, but also apples, with resistances to Phytophthora infestans and Venturia inaequalis, respectively. Adopting cisgenic varieties could provide benefits to farmers and to the environment through lower pesticide use, thus contributing to the European Green Deal target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Schneider
- Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Calle Inca Garcilaso 3, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Jesus Barreiro-Hurle
- Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Calle Inca Garcilaso 3, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jack Vossen
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6700, AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Schouten
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6700, AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Kessel
- Field Crops, Wageningen University & Research, Edelhertweg 1, 8219, PH, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Andreasson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp Campus, Sweden
| | - Nam Phuong Kieu
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp Campus, Sweden
| | - Jörn Strassemeyer
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Strategies and Technology Assessment, 14532, Kleinmachnow, Germany
| | - Jordan Hristov
- Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Calle Inca Garcilaso 3, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Dang TT, Huang YH, Ott S, Harvey PJ, Gilding EK, Tombling BJ, Chan LY, Kaas Q, Claridge-Chang A, Craik DJ. The acyclotide ribe 31 from Rinorea bengalensis has selective cytotoxicity and potent insecticidal properties in Drosophila. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102413. [PMID: 36007611 PMCID: PMC9513267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclotides and acyclic versions of cyclotides (acyclotides) are peptides involved in plant defense. These peptides contain a cystine knot motif formed by three interlocked disulfide bonds, with the main difference between the two classes being the presence or absence of a cyclic backbone, respectively. The insecticidal activity of cyclotides is well documented, but no study to date explores the insecticidal activity of acyclotides. Here, we present the first in vivo evaluation of the insecticidal activity of acyclotides from Rinorea bengalensis on the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. Of a group of structurally comparable acyclotides, ribe 31 showed the most potent toxicity when fed to D. melanogaster. We screened a range of acyclotides and cyclotides and found their toxicity toward human red blood cells was substantially lower than toward insect cells, highlighting their selectivity and potential for use as bioinsecticides. Our confocal microscopy experiments indicated their cytotoxicity is likely mediated via membrane disruption. Furthermore, our surface plasmon resonance studies suggested ribe 31 preferentially binds to membranes containing phospholipids with phosphatidyl-ethanolamine headgroups. Despite having an acyclic backbone, we determined the three-dimensional NMR solution structure of ribe 31 is similar to that of cyclotides. In summary, our results suggest that, with further optimization, ribe 31 could have applications as an insecticide due to its potent in vivo activity against D. melanogaster. More broadly, this work advances the field by demonstrating that acyclotides are more common than previously thought, have potent insecticidal activity, and have the advantage of potentially being more easily manufactured than cyclotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien T Dang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Stanislav Ott
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Peta J Harvey
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Edward K Gilding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Tombling
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lai Y Chan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Adam Claridge-Chang
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857; Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, 138673; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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Liang Y, Duan J, Gao Q, Zhang Z. Degradation of pesticides in wheat flour during noodle production and storage. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1239-1247. [PMID: 35588053 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2077459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The fate of five pesticides comprising triadimefon, imidacloprid, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and chlorpyrifos in wheat flour during noodle production and accelerated storage was systematically investigated. Pesticide residues were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) after each processing step and accelerated storage. The results indicated that dough mixing reduced the concentration of five pesticide residues by 23-42%, mainly owing to the increase of moisture content. Dough resting had little effect on the residues of triadimefon, imidacloprid, and fenitrothion, but decreased chlorpyrifos-methyl and chlorpyrifos significantly by 24% and 15%, respectively. The pesticide residues increased by 3% to 69% during the drying step, attributed to the different role played by thermal evaporation or thermal degradation and concentration of the different pesticides. Boiling lowered the pesticide residues significantly by 56% to 74% in both fresh noodles and dried noodles. All the pesticide residues decreased during accelerated storage, especially for fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and chlorpyrifos. The processing factors (PFs) of the five pesticides in the drying step were greater than 1, while the others were all less than 1. The whole process for noodle production was beneficial to reduce the pesticide residues with PFs ranging from 0.15 to 0.35. The PFs of five pesticides in accelerated storage were all below 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinmiao Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingchao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Kumari A, Sattiraju KS. In vitro and in vivo evidence for the mitigation of monocrotophos toxicity using native Trichoderma harzianum isolate. Biologia (Bratisl). [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Elsharkawy MM, Omara RI, Mostafa YS, Alamri SA, Hashem M, Alrumman SA, Ahmad AA. Mechanism of Wheat Leaf Rust Control Using Chitosan Nanoparticles and Salicylic Acid. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030304. [PMID: 35330306 PMCID: PMC8950986 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat leaf rust is one of the world’s most widespread rusts. The progress of the disease was monitored using two treatments: chitosan nanoparticles and salicylic acid (SA), as well as three application methods; spraying before or after the inoculation by 24 h, and spraying both before and after the inoculation by 24 h. Urediniospore germination was significantly different between the two treatments. Wheat plants tested for latent and incubation periods, pustule size and receptivity and infection type showed significantly reduced leaf rust when compared to untreated plants. Pucciniatriticina urediniospores showed abnormalities, collapse, lysis, and shrinkage as a result of chitosan nanoparticles treatment. The enzymes, peroxidase and catalase, were increased in the activities. In both treatments, superoxide (O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), were apparent as purple and brown discolorations. Chitosan nanoparticles and SA treatments resulted in much more discoloration and quantitative measurements than untreated plants. In anatomical examinations, chitosan nanoparticles enhanced thickness of blade (µ), thickness of mesophyll tissue, thickness of the lower and upper epidermis and bundle length and width in the midrib compared to the control. In the control treatment’s top epidermis, several sori and a large number of urediniospores were found. Most anatomical characters of flag leaves in control plants were reduced by biotic stress with P. triticina. Transcription levels of PR1-PR5 and PR10 genes were activated in chitosan nanoparticles treated plants at 0, 1 and 2 days after inoculation. In light of the data, we suggest that the prospective use of chitosan nanoparticles might be an eco-friendly strategy to improve growth and control of leaf rust disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-106-577-2170
| | - Reda Ibrahim Omara
- Wheat Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Yasser Sabry Mostafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (Y.S.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Saad Abdulrahman Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (Y.S.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (Y.S.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.); (S.A.A.)
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Sulaiman A. Alrumman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (Y.S.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Abdelmonim Ali Ahmad
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt;
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Paux E, Lafarge S, Balfourier F, Derory J, Charmet G, Alaux M, Perchet G, Bondoux M, Baret F, Barillot R, Ravel C, Sourdille P, Le Gouis J. Breeding for Economically and Environmentally Sustainable Wheat Varieties: An Integrated Approach from Genomics to Selection. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:149. [PMID: 35053148 PMCID: PMC8773325 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is currently a strong societal demand for sustainability, quality, and safety in bread wheat production. To address these challenges, new and innovative knowledge, resources, tools, and methods to facilitate breeding are needed. This starts with the development of high throughput genomic tools including single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, high density molecular marker maps, and full genome sequences. Such powerful tools are essential to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS), to implement genomic and phenomic selection, and to characterize the worldwide diversity. This is also useful to breeders to broaden the genetic basis of elite varieties through the introduction of novel sources of genetic diversity. Improvement in varieties particularly relies on the detection of genomic regions involved in agronomical traits including tolerance to biotic (diseases and pests) and abiotic (drought, nutrient deficiency, high temperature) stresses. When enough resolution is achieved, this can result in the identification of candidate genes that could further be characterized to identify relevant alleles. Breeding must also now be approached through in silico modeling to simulate plant development, investigate genotype × environment interactions, and introduce marker-trait linkage information in the models to better implement genomic selection. Breeders must be aware of new developments and the information must be made available to the world wheat community to develop new high-yielding varieties that can meet the challenge of higher wheat production in a sustainable and fluctuating agricultural context. In this review, we compiled all knowledge and tools produced during the BREEDWHEAT project to show how they may contribute to face this challenge in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Paux
- UMR GDEC Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE—Université Clermont-Auvergne, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.); (F.B.); (G.C.); (C.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Stéphane Lafarge
- Limagrain, Chappes Research Center, Route d’Ennezat, 63720 Chappes, France; (S.L.); (J.D.)
| | - François Balfourier
- UMR GDEC Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE—Université Clermont-Auvergne, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.); (F.B.); (G.C.); (C.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Jérémy Derory
- Limagrain, Chappes Research Center, Route d’Ennezat, 63720 Chappes, France; (S.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Gilles Charmet
- UMR GDEC Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE—Université Clermont-Auvergne, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.); (F.B.); (G.C.); (C.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Michael Alaux
- Université Paris-Saclay—INRAE, URGI, 78026 Versailles, France;
- Université Paris-Saclay—INRAE, BioinfOmics, Plant Bioinformatics Facility, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Geoffrey Perchet
- Vegepolys Valley, Maison du Végétal, 26 Rue Jean Dixmeras, 49066 Angers, France;
| | - Marion Bondoux
- INRAE—Transfert, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Frédéric Baret
- UMR EMMAH, INRAE—Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 84914 Avignon, France;
| | | | - Catherine Ravel
- UMR GDEC Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE—Université Clermont-Auvergne, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.); (F.B.); (G.C.); (C.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Pierre Sourdille
- UMR GDEC Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE—Université Clermont-Auvergne, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.); (F.B.); (G.C.); (C.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Jacques Le Gouis
- UMR GDEC Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, INRAE—Université Clermont-Auvergne, 5, Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.); (F.B.); (G.C.); (C.R.); (P.S.)
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10
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Li X, Du J, Song B, Zhang X, Riaz M. Fomesafen drift affects morphophysiology of sugar beet. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132073. [PMID: 34478964 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fomesafen is an herbicide used in soybean production, and sugar beet is a sensitive crop to fomesafen. When the herbicide is sprayed in the field, it is easy to cause floating and depositing on non-target crops, resulting in crop poisoning and reducing yield. There are few on the phenomenon and mechanism of fomesafen herbicide drift on sugar beet. There are few reports on the phenomenon and mechanism of ether herbicide migration on phytotoxicity of sugar beet. Therefore, in this experiment, indoor potted plants were used to simulate the dose of fomesafen drift deposited on sugar beet in the field to study the effects of fomesafen on the growth, photosynthetic system, and physiological indexes of seedlings for sugar beet were studied. The results showed that fomesafen at the dose of 225 g a.i. ha-1 significantly inhibited the plant height, root length, and biomass of sugar beet. Compared with the control, the net photosynthetic rate, stoma conductance, transpiration rate, and total chlorophyll pigment content of leaves were reduced by 77.16%, 83.84%, 64.00%, and 28.13%, respectively. Treatment with a dose of 225 g a.i. ha-1 also damaged the photosynthetic system II of the leaves, lowering the performance index on absorption energy, maximum quantum yield and, the energy of electron transfer, causing photoinhibition and photodamage. In addition, fomesafen significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde and the activity of peroxidase in leaves of sugar beet, reducing the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Overall, this study is helpful to understand the drift and deposition of fomesafen on sugar beet and to discuss the phytotoxicity risk and dose of fomesafen on the beet, as a result of controlling the dose of fomesafen sprayed in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfan Li
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Jiyu Du
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Baiquan Song
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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11
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Creissen HE, Jones PJ, Tranter RB, Girling RD, Jess S, Burnett FJ, Gaffney M, Thorne FS, Kildea S. Identifying the drivers and constraints to adoption of IPM among arable farmers in the UK and Ireland. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:4148-4158. [PMID: 33934504 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arable crops in temperate climatic regions such as the UK and Ireland are subject to a multitude of pests (weeds, diseases and vertebrate/invertebrate pests) that can negatively impact productivity if not properly managed. Integrated pest management (IPM) is widely promoted as a sustainable approach to pest management, yet there are few recent studies assessing adoption levels and factors influencing this in arable cropping systems in the UK and Ireland. This study used an extensive farmer survey to address both these issues. RESULTS Adoption levels of various IPM practices varied across the sample depending on a range of factors relating to both farm and farmer characteristics. Positive relationships were observed between IPM adoption and farmed area, and familiarity with IPM. Choice of pest control information sources was also found to be influential on farmer familiarity with IPM, with those who were proactive in seeking information from impartial sources being more engaged and reporting higher levels of adoption. CONCLUSION Policies that encourage farmers to greater levels of engagement with their pest management issues and more proactive information seeking, such as through advisory professionals, more experienced peers through crop walks, open days and discussion groups should be strongly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry E Creissen
- Department of Agriculture, Horticulture and Engineering Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip J Jones
- Centre for Agricultural Strategy, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Richard B Tranter
- Centre for Agricultural Strategy, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Robbie D Girling
- Centre for Agri-Environmental Research, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Stephen Jess
- Agri-Food Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | - Fiona J Burnett
- Department of Agriculture, Horticulture and Engineering Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael Gaffney
- Horticultural Development Department, Teagasc, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona S Thorne
- Agricultural Economics and Farm Surveys Department, Teagasc, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven Kildea
- Crop Science Department, Teagasc Oak Park Crops Research Centre, Carlow, Ireland
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12
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Malalgoda M, Simsek S. Pesticide residue in grain‐based food: Effects on health, grain quality, and chemical properties of biomacromolecules. Cereal Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maneka Malalgoda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Senay Simsek
- Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA
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13
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Elmassry MM, Zayed A, Farag MA. Gut homeostasis and microbiota under attack: impact of the different types of food contaminants on gut health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:738-763. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1828263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moamen M. Elmassry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Wang Z, Peng Q, Gao X, Zhong S, Fang Y, Yang X, Ling Y, Liu X. Novel Fungicide 4-Chlorocinnamaldehyde Thiosemicarbazide (PMDD) Inhibits Laccase and Controls the Causal Agent of Take-All Disease in Wheat, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:5318-5326. [PMID: 32356426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the bioactivity and mode of action of a novel fungicide 4-chlorocinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazide (PMDD). As a result of its efficacy against various plant pathogens, its protective fungicidal activity, and systemic transport after root treatment, PMDD could be a promising fungicide to control wheat root diseases. In a field assay, PMDD showed good control efficacy on wheat take-all disease. A biochemical study indicated that PMDD acts as a laccase inhibitor, a to date unique mode of fungicidal action. Moreover, a total of seven stable PMDD-resistant Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) mutants were generated and demonstrated no cross-resistance with any commercial fungicides used for take-all disease control, and the gene expression profile further confirmed that laccase could be the target of PMDD. Taken together, we conclude that PMDD is a laccase inhibitor and could be used on wheat to control take-all diseases. The current study could strongly benefit the registration and application of PMDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Peng
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhong
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Fang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinling Yang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Ling
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712110, People's Republic of China
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Gaba
- USC 1339 Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé INRAE Villiers‐en‐Bois France
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS & Université de La Rochelle Villiers‐en‐Bois France
- LTSER “Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre” CNRS Villiers‐en‐Bois France
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS & Université de La Rochelle Villiers‐en‐Bois France
- LTSER “Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre” CNRS Villiers‐en‐Bois France
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16
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Chmiel JA, Daisley BA, Pitek AP, Thompson GJ, Reid G. Understanding the Effects of Sublethal Pesticide Exposure on Honey Bees: A Role for Probiotics as Mediators of Environmental Stress. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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17
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Catarino R, Gaba S, Bretagnolle V. Experimental and empirical evidence shows that reducing weed control in winter cereal fields is a viable strategy for farmers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9004. [PMID: 31227731 PMCID: PMC6588622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern agriculture needs a paradigm shift to make the world’s food production sustainable while mitigating social and environmental externalities. Although various policies to limit the use of agrochemicals have recently been implemented in the European Union, the use of both herbicides and fertilizers has remained fairly constant. Farmers are assumed to behave optimally, producing the best they can, given the agronomic constraints of their fields. Based on this assumption, reducing agrochemicals should inevitably have negative effects on food production, or reduce farmers’ incomes. Coupling empirical analysis based on field surveys and experimental trials where weed management and nitrogen input were manipulated in the same production fields and under real farming conditions, we demonstrate that high use of N fertiliser or intense weed control slightly increase yields, but that this increase is not enough to offset the additional costs incurred by their use. Our experimental design allowed inputs to be varied in a two-factor design, along a gradient spanning from organic to highly intensive farming, while holding all other conditions constant and thus avoiding confounding effects. Quantification of crop yields and gross margins from winter cereal farming showed that reducing dependence on weed management may not hamper cereal production in this system, and is economically profitable at the field level on the short term. Our study thus contributes to addressing a key gap in our economic knowledge, and gives hope for implementing win-win strategies for farmers and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Catarino
- CEBC, UMR 7372, CNRS & Université de la Rochelle, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360, France
| | - Sabrina Gaba
- USC 1339 Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, INRA, F-76390, Villiers-en-Bois, France.,LTSER "Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre", CNRS, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360, France
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- CEBC, UMR 7372, CNRS & Université de la Rochelle, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360, France. .,LTSER "Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre", CNRS, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360, France.
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18
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Queirós L, Vidal T, Nogueira AJA, Gonçalves FJM, Pereira JL. Mixture toxicity assisting the design of eco-friendlier plant protection products: a case-study using a commercial herbicide combining nicosulfuron and terbuthylazine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5547. [PMID: 29615770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of environmentally friendly plant protection products (PPPs), including pesticides, is a challenge nowadays. A commercial herbicide combining terbuthylazine and nicosulfuron as active substances (a.s.) was selected as a model PPP. The suitability of manipulating the ratio between a.s. towards alternative formulations with reduced impacts in a non-target indicator (Lemna minor) was assessed. The efficacy of such eco-friendlier a.s. ratios was then assessed using a target weed, Portulaca oleracea. Single and mixture toxicity testing with L. minor revealed an antagonistic joint action of the a.s., suggesting an environmentally protective effect of the combination compared to single dosing of a.s. The efficacy testing against the target weed of single and combined treatments of the a.s. showed that (i) the a.s. behave antagonistically throughout the whole P. oleracea response surface; (ii) there were no environmentally safe a.s. combinations ensuring target-efficacy; (iii) terbuthylazine alone was effective in controlling P. oleracea with no environmental hazardous potential, dosed at concentrations 10-fold lower than those involved in commercially recommended application doses. Overall, this case-study suggests that modelling tools widely used in the field of environmental risk assessment of PPPs may also have application in PPP design stages for a more efficient meeting of efficacy and environmental friendliness requirements.
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19
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Abstract
This review covers recent findings on the main categories of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals and their effects on brain development. We draw mostly on epidemiological and experimental data published in the last decade. For each chemical class considered, we deal with not only the thyroid hormone-disrupting effects but also briefly mention the main mechanisms by which the same chemicals could modify estrogen and/or androgen signalling, thereby exacerbating adverse effects on endocrine-dependent developmental programmes. Further, we emphasize recent data showing how maternal thyroid hormone signalling during early pregnancy affects not only offspring IQ, but also neurodevelopmental disease risk. These recent findings add to established knowledge on the crucial importance of iodine and thyroid hormone for optimal brain development. We propose that prenatal exposure to mixtures of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals provides a plausible biological mechanism contributing to current increases in the incidence of neurodevelopmental disease and IQ loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal B Mughal
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Barbara A Demeneix
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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20
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Gorczyca A, Oleksy A, Gala-Czekaj D, Urbaniak M, Laskowska M, Waśkiewicz A, Stępień Ł. Fusarium head blight incidence and mycotoxin accumulation in three durum wheat cultivars in relation to sowing date and density. Naturwissenschaften 2017; 105:2. [PMID: 29209889 PMCID: PMC5717115 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-017-1528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) is an important crop in Europe, particularly in the Mediterranean countries. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is considered as one of the most damaging diseases, resulting in yield and quality reduction as well as contamination of grain with mycotoxins. Three winter durum wheat cultivars originating from Austria, Slovakia, and Poland were analyzed during 2012-2014 seasons for FHB incidence and Fusarium mycotoxin accumulation in harvested grain. Moreover, the effects of sowing density and delayed sowing date were evaluated in the climatic conditions of Southern Poland. Low disease severity was observed in 2011/2012 in all durum wheat cultivars analyzed, and high FHB occurrence was recorded in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. Fusarium graminearum was the most abundant pathogen, followed by Fusarium avenaceum. Through all three seasons, cultivar Komnata was the most susceptible to FHB and to mycotoxin accumulation, while cultivars Auradur and IS Pentadur showed less symptoms. High susceptibility of cv. Komnata was reflected by the number of Fusarium isolates and elevated mycotoxin (deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and moniliformin) content in the grain of this cultivar across all three seasons. Nivalenol was identified in the samples of cv. Komnata only. Genotype-dependent differences in FHB susceptibility were observed for the plants sown at optimal date but not at delayed sowing date. It can be hypothesized that cultivars bred in Austria and Slovakia show less susceptibility towards FHB than the cultivar from Poland because of the environmental conditions allowing for more efficient selection of breeding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gorczyca
- Department of Agricultural Environment Protection, Agricultural University in Kraków, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Oleksy
- Institute of Plant Production, Agricultural University in Kraków, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Gala-Czekaj
- Department of Agrotechnology and Agricultural Ecology, Agricultural University in Kraków, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Laskowska
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
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21
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Lechenet M, Dessaint F, Py G, Makowski D, Munier-Jolain N. Reducing pesticide use while preserving crop productivity and profitability on arable farms. Nat Plants 2017; 3:17008. [PMID: 28248316 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2017.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Achieving sustainable crop production while feeding an increasing world population is one of the most ambitious challenges of this century1. Meeting this challenge will necessarily imply a drastic reduction of adverse environmental effects arising from agricultural activities2. The reduction of pesticide use is one of the critical drivers to preserve the environment and human health. Pesticide use could be reduced through the adoption of new production strategies3-5; however, whether substantial reductions of pesticide use are possible without impacting crop productivity and profitability is debatable6-17. Here, we demonstrated that low pesticide use rarely decreases productivity and profitability in arable farms. We analysed the potential conflicts between pesticide use and productivity or profitability with data from 946 non-organic arable commercial farms showing contrasting levels of pesticide use and covering a wide range of production situations in France. We failed to detect any conflict between low pesticide use and both high productivity and high profitability in 77% of the farms. We estimated that total pesticide use could be reduced by 42% without any negative effects on both productivity and profitability in 59% of farms from our national network. This corresponded to an average reduction of 37, 47 and 60% of herbicide, fungicide and insecticide use, respectively. The potential for reducing pesticide use appeared higher in farms with currently high pesticide use than in farms with low pesticide use. Our results demonstrate that pesticide reduction is already accessible to farmers in most production situations. This would imply profound changes in market organization and trade balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lechenet
- Agrosolutions, 83 avenue de la Grande Armée, 75782 Paris Cedex 16, France
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fabrice Dessaint
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Guillaume Py
- Agrosolutions, 83 avenue de la Grande Armée, 75782 Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - David Makowski
- INRA, UMR 211 Agronomie, BP 1, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France
| | - Nicolas Munier-Jolain
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
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22
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Hossard L, Guichard L, Pelosi C, Makowski D. Lack of evidence for a decrease in synthetic pesticide use on the main arable crops in France. Sci Total Environ 2017; 575:152-161. [PMID: 27736698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The frequent, widespread use of pesticides in agriculture adversely affects biodiversity, human health, and water quality. In 2008, the French government adopted an environmental policy plan, "Ecophyto 2018", to halve pesticide use within 10years. Trends in synthetic pesticide sales and use in France were described, through three different indicators: the number of unit doses (NUD), the quantity of active ingredient (QAI), and the treatment frequency index (TFI). Changes in pesticide use on seven of the principal arable crops in France since the implementation of this policy plan were analyzed, together with the impact of changes in pesticide use on water quality. No evidence was found for a decrease in pesticide sales at national level between 2008 and 2013. In terms of the TFI values for individual crops, the only decrease in pesticide use observed since 2001 was for soft wheat. This decrease was very slight, and pesticide use did not decline more rapidly after 2006 than before. Changes in pesticide use differed between French regions and crops. Water pollution did not decrease during the period studied. Possible explanations for the lack of effectiveness of the French environmental plan are considered in the context of European legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Hossard
- INRA, UMR0951 Innovation, F-34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Laurence Guichard
- UMR Agronomie, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Céline Pelosi
- UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - David Makowski
- UMR Agronomie, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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23
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Gaba S, Gabriel E, Chadœuf J, Bonneu F, Bretagnolle V. Herbicides do not ensure for higher wheat yield, but eliminate rare plant species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30112. [PMID: 27453451 PMCID: PMC4958924 DOI: 10.1038/srep30112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Weed control is generally considered to be essential for crop production and herbicides have become the main method used for weed control in developed countries. However, concerns about harmful environmental consequences have led to strong pressure on farmers to reduce the use of herbicides. As food demand is forecast to increase by 50% over the next century, an in-depth quantitative analysis of crop yields, weeds and herbicides is required to balance economic and environmental issues. This study analysed the relationship between weeds, herbicides and winter wheat yields using data from 150 winter wheat fields in western France. A Bayesian hierarchical model was built to take account of farmers' behaviour, including implicitly their perception of weeds and weed control practices, on the effectiveness of treatment. No relationship was detected between crop yields and herbicide use. Herbicides were found to be more effective at controlling rare plant species than abundant weed species. These results suggest that reducing the use of herbicides by up to 50% could maintain crop production, a result confirmed by previous studies, while encouraging weed biodiversity. Food security and biodiversity conservation may, therefore, be achieved simultaneously in intensive agriculture simply by reducing the use of herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Gaba
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- LTER « Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre », Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, F-79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Edith Gabriel
- Avignon University, LMA EA2151, F-84900 Avignon, France
| | - Joël Chadœuf
- Statistics, UR1052, 84143 Montfavet cedex, France
| | | | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- LTER « Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre », Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, F-79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS & Université de La Rochelle, UMR 7372, 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France
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24
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Hunting ER, Vonk JA, Musters CJM, Kraak MHS, Vijver MG. Effects of agricultural practices on organic matter degradation in ditches. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21474. [PMID: 26892243 DOI: 10.1038/srep21474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural practices can result in differences in organic matter (OM) and agricultural chemical inputs in adjacent ditches, but its indirect effects on OM composition and its inherent consequences for ecosystem functioning remain uncertain. This study determined the effect of agricultural practices (dairy farm grasslands and hyacinth bulb fields) on OM degradation by microorganisms and invertebrates with a consumption and food preference experiment in the field and in the laboratory using natural OM collected from the field. Freshly cut grass and hyacinths were also offered to control for OM composition and large- and small mesh-sizes were used to distinguish microbial decomposition and invertebrate consumption. Results show that OM decomposition by microorganisms and consumption by invertebrates was similar throughout the study area, but that OM collected from ditches adjacent grasslands and freshly cut grass and hyacinths were preferred over OM collected from ditches adjacent to a hyacinth bulb field. In the case of OM collected from ditches adjacent hyacinth bulb fields, both microbial decomposition and invertebrate consumption were strongly retarded, likely resulting from sorption and accumulation of pesticides. This outcome illustrates that differences in agricultural practices can, in addition to direct detrimental effects on aquatic organisms, indirectly alter the functioning of adjacent aquatic ecosystems.
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Lamichhane JR, Dachbrodt-Saaydeh S, Kudsk P, Messéan A. Toward a Reduced Reliance on Conventional Pesticides in European Agriculture. Plant Dis 2016; 100:10-24. [PMID: 30688570 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-15-0574-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Whether modern agriculture without conventional pesticides will be possible or not is a matter of debate. The debate is meaningful within the context of rising health and environmental awareness on one hand, and the global challenge of feeding a steadily growing human population on the other. Conventional pesticide use has come under pressure in many countries, and some European Union (EU) Member States have adopted policies for risk reduction following Directive 2009/128/EC, the sustainable use of pesticides. Highly diverse crop production systems across Europe, having varied geographic and climatic conditions, increase the complexity of European crop protection. The economic competitiveness of European agriculture is challenged by the current legislation, which banned the use of many previously authorized pesticides that are still available and applied in other parts of the world. This challenge could place EU agricultural production at a disadvantage, so EU farmers are seeking help from the research community to foster and support integrated pest management (IPM). Ensuring stable crop yields and quality while reducing the reliance on pesticides is a challenge facing the farming community is today. Considering this, we focus on several diverse situations in European agriculture in general and in European crop protection in particular. We emphasize that the marked biophysical and socio-economic differences across Europe have led to a situation where a meaningful reduction in pesticide use can hardly be achieved. Nevertheless, improvements and/or adoption of the knowledge and technologies of IPM can still achieve large gains in pesticide reduction. In this overview, the current pest problems and their integrated management are discussed in the context of specific geographic regions of Europe, with a particular emphasis on reduced pesticide use. We conclude that there are opportunities for reduction in many parts of Europe without significant losses in crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Stahnsdorfer Damm 81, 14532 Kleinmachnow, Germany
| | - Per Kudsk
- Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Forsoegsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse 14 Denmark
| | - Antoine Messéan
- INRA, UAR 1240 Eco-Innov, BP 01, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Wan NF, Ji XY, Jiang JX, Li B. A modelling methodology to assess the effect of insect pest control on agro-ecosystems. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9727. [PMID: 25906199 DOI: 10.1038/srep09727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of chemical pesticides for pest management in agricultural systems can entail risks to the complex ecosystems consisting of economic, ecological and social subsystems. To analyze the negative and positive effects of external or internal disturbances on complex ecosystems, we proposed an ecological two-sidedness approach which has been applied to the design of pest-controlling strategies for pesticide pollution management. However, catastrophe theory has not been initially applied to this approach. Thus, we used an approach of integrating ecological two-sidedness with a multi-criterion evaluation method of catastrophe theory to analyze the complexity of agro-ecosystems disturbed by the insecticides and screen out the best insect pest-controlling strategy in cabbage production. The results showed that the order of the values of evaluation index (RCC/CP) for three strategies in cabbage production was "applying frequency vibration lamps and environment-friendly insecticides 8 times" (0.80) < "applying trap devices and environment-friendly insecticides 9 times" (0.83) < "applying common insecticides 14 times" (1.08). The treatment "applying frequency vibration lamps and environment-friendly insecticides 8 times" was considered as the best insect pest-controlling strategy in cabbage production in Shanghai, China.
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