Hierarchical, porous CuS microspheres integrated with carbon nanotubes for high-performance supercapacitors

Overview of recent developments in carbon-based nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications

Energy storage devices are recognized as environmentally friendly technologies. Supercapacitors, known for their high cycle stability, have been proposed as potential alternatives to fossil fuels. Recent studies have focused on selecting suitable electrode materials to achieve energy storage systems with high stability, high specific capacity, and biocompatibility. In particular, carbon-based electrode materials, such as graphene oxide, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and carbon-based quantum dots, have attracted considerable attention due to their intrinsic properties, such as high conductivity and stability. However, carbon materials alone exhibit limitations, such as low energy density and low specific capacitance. To address this limitation, the synergistic effect of carbon materials has been combined with other electroactive materials to develop electrode materials with enhanced supercapacitor properties. The present study also investigates the supercapacitor performance of carbon-based nanocomposites. It examines the effect of each carbon material (AC, CNT, GO, rGO) on improving the performance of other electroactive materials, including metal oxides, metal sulfides, MXenes, MOFs, and conductive polymers. This study provides valuable insights for further studies on carbon-based electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.

Flower like-novel nanocomposite of Mg(Ti0.99Sn0.01)O3decorated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with high capacitive behavior as supercapacitor electrodes

In this study, ceramic materials of Mg(Ti0.99Sn0.01)O3were synthesized and decorated on reduced graphene oxide, forming a nanocomposite of rGO/Mg(Ti0.99Sn0.01)O3(rGO/MTS001). The successful synthesis results were confirmed by XRD, UV-vis analysis, FT-IR, and SEM-EDS. The MTS001 has a flower-like morphology from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and the nanocomposites of rGO/MTS001 showed MTS001 particles decorated on the rGO's surface. The electrochemical performance of rGO/MTS001 and MTS001 was investigated by determining the specific capacitance obtained in 1 M H2SO4solution by cyclic voltammetry, followed by galvanostatic charge-discharge analysis using a three-electrode setup. The rGO/MTS001 achieved a specific capacitance of 361.97 F g‒1, compared to MTS001 (194.90 F g‒1). The capacitance retention of rGO/MTS001 nanocomposite also depicted excellent cyclic stability of 95.72% after 5000 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g‒1. The result showed that the nanocomposite of ceramics with graphene materials has a potential for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.

Application of Copper-Sulfur Compound Electrode Materials in Supercapacitors

Supercapacitors (SCs) are a novel type of energy storage device that exhibit features such as a short charging time, a long service life, excellent temperature characteristics, energy saving, and environmental protection. The capacitance of SCs depends on the electrode materials. Currently, carbon-based materials, transition metal oxides/hydroxides, and conductive polymers are widely used as electrode materials. However, the low specific capacitance of carbon-based materials, high cost of transition metal oxides/hydroxides, and poor cycling performance of conductive polymers as electrodes limit their applications. Copper-sulfur compounds used as electrode materials exhibit excellent electrical conductivity, a wide voltage range, high specific capacitance, diverse structures, and abundant copper reserves, and have been widely studied in catalysis, sensors, supercapacitors, solar cells, and other fields. This review summarizes the application of copper-sulfur compounds in SCs, details the research directions and development strategies of copper-sulfur compounds in SCs, and analyses and summarizes the research hotspots and outlook, so as to provide a reference and guidance for the use of copper-sulfur compounds.

One-step hydrothermal synthesis of CuS/MoS2 composite for use as an electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensor

Early diagnosis may be crucial for the prevention of chronic diabetes mellitus. For that herein, we prepared a CuS/MoS2 composite for a non-enzymatic glucose sensor through a one-step hydrothermal method owing to the synergetic effect of CuS/MoS2. The surface morphology of CuS/MoS2 was studied by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Cs-corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (Cs-STEM). The crystallinity and surface composition of CuS/MoS2 were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) respectively. The working electrode was prepared from CuS/MoS2 electrocatalyst, and for that dispersed solution of electrocatalyst was used to fabricate the material-loaded glassy carbon electrode (GC). CuS/MoS2 composite shows the viability of electrocatalyst to oxidize glucose in an alkaline solution with sensitivity and detection limit of 252.71 μA mM-1 cm-2 and 1.52 μM respectively. The proposed glucose sensor showed reasonable stability and potential selectivity during electrochemical analysis. Accordingly, the CuS/MoS2 composite has potential as a viable material for glucose sensing in diluted human serum.

From waste to energy storage: calcinating and carbonizing chicken eggshells into electrode materials for supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries

The presented study aims to explore the potential sources of common bio-wastes that could be successfully processed without any leftovers into materials for energy conversion and storage devices. We used chicken eggshells as an environmentally friendly precursor for electrode fillers in electrochemical capacitors (calcinated OS600 and OS900) and anode materials in Li-ion batteries (carbonized EM600 and EM900). Both groups of materials were obtained at two different temperatures to investigate the influence of their composition and properties on the electrochemical performance. Electrochemical capacitors with OS600 and OS900 substituted for 10 wt% of commercial activated carbon supplied similar capacitances, with OS600 stabilizing the long-term performance of the device. Also, both obtained anode materials are suitable for operation in Li-ion batteries, supplying a capacity of around 280 mA h g-1. Notably, EM900 is characterized by a well-developed structure, and as an anode, it exhibited better capacity retention of over 84%.

Nanoarchitectonics of Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanofiber-Supported Hollow Copper Sulfide Spheres for Asymmetric Supercapacitor Applications

Three-dimensional carbon nanofiber (3D-CNF)-supported hollow copper sulfide (HCuS) spheres were synthesized by the facile hydrothermal method. The morphology of the as-synthesized HCuS@3D-CNF composite clearly revealed that the 3D-CNFs act as a basement for HCuS spheres. The electrochemical performance of as-synthesized HCuS@3D-CNFs was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests, gravimetric charge-discharge (GCD) tests, and Nyquist plots. The obtained results revealed that the HCuS@3D-CNFs exhibited greater areal capacitance (4.6 F/cm²) compared to bare HCuS (0.64 F/cm²) at a current density of 2 mA/cm². Furthermore, HCuS@3D-CNFs retained excellent cyclic stability of 83.2% after 5000 cycles. The assembled asymmetric device (HCuS@3D-CNFs//BAC) exhibits an energy density of 0.15 mWh/cm² with a working potential window of 1.5 V in KOH electrolyte. The obtained results demonstrate that HZnS@3D-CNF nanoarchitectonics is a potential electrode material for supercapacitor applications.

Facile design and synthesis of a nickel disulfide/zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 composite material with a robust cladding structure for high-efficiency supercapacitors

In this paper, a core-shell structure nickel disulfide and ZIF-67 composite electrode material (NiS2/ZIF-67) was synthesized by a two-step method. Firstly, spherical NiS2 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method, dispersed in methanol, then reacted and coated by adding cobalt ions and 2-methylimidazole to obtain the NiS2/ZIF-67 core-shell composite. The NiS2/ZIF-67 composite shows a high specific capacitance (1297.9 F g-1 at 1 A g-1) and excellent cycling durability (retaining 110.0% after 4000 cycles at 5 A g-1). Furthermore, the corresponding hybrid supercapacitor (NiS2/ZIF-67//AC HSC) has an energy density of 9.5 W h kg-1 at 411.1 W kg-1 (6 M KOH) and remarkable cycling stability (maintaining 133.3% after 5000 cycles). Its excellent electrochemical performance may be due to the core-shell structure and the synergistic effect between the transition metal sulfide and metal-organic framework. These results indicate that the NiS2/ZIF-67 composite as an electrode material with a core-shell structure has potential application in high-efficiency supercapacitors.

Recent Advancements in Chalcogenides for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications

Energy storage has become increasingly important as a study area in recent decades. A growing number of academics are focusing their attention on developing and researching innovative materials for use in energy storage systems to promote sustainable development goals. This is due to the finite supply of traditional energy sources, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, and escalating regional tensions. Because of these issues, sustainable renewable energy sources have been touted as an alternative to nonrenewable fuels. Deployment of renewable energy sources requires efficient and reliable energy storage devices due to their intermittent nature. High-performance electrochemical energy storage technologies with high power and energy densities are heralded to be the next-generation storage devices. Transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) have sparked interest among electrode materials because of their intriguing electrochemical properties. Researchers have revealed a variety of modifications to improve their electrochemical performance in energy storage. However, a stronger link between the type of change and the resulting electrochemical performance is still desired. This review examines the synthesis of chalcogenides for electrochemical energy storage devices, their limitations, and the importance of the modification method, followed by a detailed discussion of several modification procedures and how they have helped to improve their electrochemical performance. We also discussed chalcogenides and their composites in batteries and supercapacitors applications. Furthermore, this review discusses the subject’s current challenges as well as potential future opportunities.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Bi2S3 and Sb2S3 Nanoparticles and Their Photoelectrochemical Properties

Bi₂S₃ and Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles were prepared by microwave irradiation of single-source precursor complexes in the presence of ethylene glycol as a coordinating solvent. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), photoluminescence (PL), and UV-vis near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Their electrochemical potential was examined in [Fe(CN)]^4-/[Fe(CN)]^3- by cyclic and square wave voltammetry (CV and SWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). GCEBi₂S₃ and GCESb₂S₃ exhibit promising electrochemical performance and a higher specific capacitance of about 700-800 F/g in [Fe(CN)]^4-/[Fe(CN)]³. Thin films of Bi₂S₃ and Sb₂S₃ were successfully incorporated in the fabrication of solar cell devices. The fabricated device using Bi₂S₃ (under 100 mW/cm²) showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.39%, with a V _oc of 0.96 V, a J _sc of 0.00228 mA/cm², and an FF of 44%. In addition, the device exhibits nonlinear current density-voltage characteristics, indicating that Bi₂S₃ was experiencing a Schottky contact. The Sb₂S₃-based solar cell device showed no connection in the dark and under illumination. Therefore, no efficiency was recorded for the device using Sb₂S₃, which indicated the ohmic nature of the film. This might be due to the current leakage caused by poor coverage. The nanoparticles were found to induce similar responses to the conventional semiconductor nanomaterials in relation to photoelectrochemistry. The present study indicates that Bi₂S₃ and Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles are promising semiconductor materials for developing optoelectronic and electrochemical devices as the films experience Schottky and Ohmic contacts.

Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of CuS Quantum Dots Grown on Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets

This study is focused on the preparation of the CuS/RGO nanocomposite via the hydrothermal method using GO and Cu-DTO complex as precursors. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study revealed the formation of the CuS/RGO nanocomposite with improved crystallinity, defective nanostructure, and the presence of the residual functional group in the RGO sheet. The morphological study displayed the transformation of CuS from nanowire to quantum dots with the incorporation of RGO. The galvanostatic charge/discharge curve showed that the CuS/RGO nanocomposite (12 wt % Cu-DTO complex) has tremendous and outperforming specific capacitance of 3058 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density with moderate cycling stability (∼60.3% after 1000 cycles at 10 A g-1). The as-prepared nanocomposite revealed excellent improvement in specific capacitance, cycling stability, Warburg impedance, and interfacial charge transfer resistance compared to neat CuS. The fabricated nanocomposites were also investigated for their bulk DC electrical conductivity and EMI shielding ability. It was observed that the CuS/RGO nanocomposite (9 wt % Cu-DTO) exhibited a total electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 64 dB at 2.3 GHz following absorption as a dominant shielding mechanism. Such a performance is ascribed to the presence of interconnected networks and synergistic effects.

Electrodeposited Ni(OH)2-modified CuS core–shell-like hybrids as binder-free electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors

In this work, binder-free electrodes of CuS@Ni(OH)₂ were fabricated by hydrothermal and electrodeposition methods.

3D hierarchical porous CuS flower-dispersed CNT arrays on nickel foam as a binder-free electrode for supercapacitors

To fabricate excellent electrochemical supercapacitors, 3D porous copper sulfide flower dispersed carbon nanotube on nickel foam (CuS–CNTs@NF) with high energy density and stability were synthesized via a simple one-step solvothermal method.

In situ self-assembly of Ni3S2/MnS/CuS/reduced graphene composite on nickel foam for high power supercapacitors

Transition metal sulfides (TMS), as promising electroactive materials for asymmetric supercapacitors, have been limited due to their relatively poor conductivity and cycle stability. Here ternary Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS composites were assembled in situ on nickel foam (NF) using a hydrothermal method via electrostatic adsorption of Ni⁺, Mn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions on a reduced graphene (rGO) nanosheet template. The chemical structure was characterized by various analytic methods. Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS has spherical morphology assembled from closely packed nanosheets, while Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS@rGO has a three-dimensional porous spherical structure with much lower diameter because rGO nanosheets can play the role of a template to induce the growth of Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS. At a current density of 1 A g⁻¹, the specific capacitance was obtained to be 1028 F g⁻¹ for Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS, 628.6 F g⁻¹ for Ni₃S₂/MnS@rGO, and 2042 F g⁻¹ for Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS@rGO, respectively. Charge transfer resistance (R_ct) of Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS@rGO (0.001 Ω) was much lower than that of Ni₃S₂/MnS@rGO by 0.02 Ω, and lower than that of Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS by 0.017 Ω. After 5000 cycles, the Ni₃S₂–MnS–CuS@RGO electrode maintains 78.3% of the initial capacity at 20 A g⁻¹. An asymmetric supercapacitor was subsequently assembled using Ni₃S₂/MnS/CuS@rGO as the positive electrode and rGO as the negative electrode. The specific capacitance of asymmetric batteries was maintained at 90.8% of the initial state after 5000 GCD.

Transition metal sulfides (TMS), as promising electroactive materials for asymmetric supercapacitors, have been limited due to their relatively poor conductivity and cycle stability.

In situ growth of CuS decorated graphene oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotubes for ultrasensitive H2O2 detection in alkaline solution

A novel hybrid nanomaterial composed of nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanosheets for electrochemical H₂O₂ detection.

Flexible Asymmetric Solid-State Supercapacitors by Highly Efficient 3D Nanostructured α-MnO2 and h-CuS Electrodes

A simplistic and economical chemical way has been used to prepare highly efficient nanostructured, manganese oxide (α-MnO₂) and hexagonal copper sulfide (h-CuS) electrodes directly on cheap and flexible stainless steel sheets. Flexible solid-state α-MnO₂/flexible stainless steel (FSS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-LiClO₄/h-CuS/FSS asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) devices have been fabricated using PVA-LiClO₄ gel electrolyte. Highly active surface areas of α-MnO₂ (75 m² g^-1) and h-CuS (83 m² g^-1) electrodes contribute to more electrochemical reactions at the electrode and electrolyte interface. The ASC device has a prolonged working potential of +1.8 V and accomplishes a capacitance of 109.12 F g^-1 at 5 mV s^-1, energy density of 18.9 Wh kg^-1, and long-term electrochemical cycling with a capacity retention of 93.3% after 5000 cycles. Additionally, ASC devices were successful in glowing seven white-light-emitting diodes for more than 7 min after 30 s of charging. Outstandingly, real practical demonstration suggests "ready-to-sell" products for industries.

Recent Advances in Metal Chalcogenides (MX; X = S, Se) Nanostructures for Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications: A Brief Review

Supercapacitors (SCs) have received a great deal of attention and play an important role for future self-powered devices, mainly owing to their higher power density. Among all types of electrical energy storage devices, electrochemical supercapacitors are considered to be the most promising because of their superior performance characteristics, including short charging time, high power density, safety, easy fabrication procedures, and long operational life. An SC consists of two foremost components, namely electrode materials, and electrolyte. The selection of appropriate electrode materials with rational nanostructured designs has resulted in improved electrochemical properties for high performance and has reduced the cost of SCs. In this review, we mainly spotlight the non-metallic oxide, especially metal chalcogenides (MX; X = S, Se) based nanostructured electrode materials for electrochemical SCs. Different non-metallic oxide materials are highlighted in various categories, such as transition metal sulfides and selenides materials. Finally, the designing strategy and future improvements on metal chalcogenide materials for the application of electrochemical SCs are also discussed.

Fast ion transport through ultrathin shells of metal sulfide hollow nanocolloids used for high-performance energy storage

Metal sulfide (MS, nickel sulfide/copper sulfide) hollow spheres with hierarchical, ultrathin shell structures have been constructed by a facile method. The as-formed MS hollow structures are shown to be uniform in sizes with hierarchical ultrathin shells, which could facilitate the transport of electrolyte ions. Electrochemical evaluations of the as-fabricated MS based materials as supercapacitors electrodes having high large surface area (106-124 m2 g-1) and high specific capacitances (up to 1460 F g-1) with good cycling stability (up to 94% retention after 5000 cycles), showing their potential applications in the next-generation high-performance supercapacitors used for energy storage.

Facile synthesis of a NiO/NiS hybrid and its use as an efficient electrode material for supercapacitor applications

Cost-effective NiO/NiS nanosheets decorated with nanoparticles were successfully fabricated on Ni foam by carrying out a simple two-step hydrothermal synthesis. The resultant NiO/NiS composite electrode exhibited better specific capacitance and cyclic stability than did a NiO electrode.

Facile synthesis of a hierarchical CuS/CuSCN nanocomposite with advanced energy storage properties

Facile fabrication of a CuS/CuSCN nanocomposite electrode for a supercapacitor with a high specific capacitance (1787.3 F g⁻¹).

Hierarchical Design of CuS Architectures for Visible Light Photocatalysis of 4-Chlorophenol

Hydrothermal-assisted CuS hierarchical architectures were grown in the presence of anionic sulfur sources, and the investigation of their degradation efficiency for a pesticide 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under visible light irradiation was carried out. The dissociation of S^2- from the sulfur compound governs the nucleation of CuS followed by a specific pattern of growth to produce different morphologies. The self-assembled covellite spherical CuS flower architecture assembles in the presence of thiourea and exhibits the highest photodegradation activity. The open architecture of ∼2.3 μm spherical CuS flowers consisting of a ∼100 nm thick sheet encompasses a comparatively high surface area and particle growth along the (110) plane that facilitates more active sites for catalytic activity enhancement. The catalyst loading for 4-CP degradation has been optimized, and a detailed trapping mechanism has been explored.

Facile Synthesis of Flower-Like Copper-Cobalt Sulfide as Binder-Free Faradaic Electrodes for Supercapacitors with Improved Electrochemical Properties

Supercapacitors have been one of the highest potential candidates for energy storage because of their significant advantages beyond rechargeable batteries in terms of large power density, short recharging time, and long cycle lifespan. In this work, Cu-Co sulfides with uniform flower-like structure have been successfully obtained via a traditional two-step hydrothermal method. The as-fabricated Cu-Co sulfide vulcanized from precursor (P-Cu-Co sulfide) is able to deliver superior specific capacitance of 592 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 and 518 F g-1 at 10 A g-1 which are surprisingly about 1.44 times and 2.39 times higher than those of Cu-Co oxide electrode, respectively. At the same time, excellent cycling stability of P-Cu-Co sulfide is indicated by 90.4% capacitance retention at high current density of 10 A g-1 after 3000 cycles. Because of the introduction of sulfur during the vulcanization process, these new developed sulfides can get more flexible structure and larger reaction surface area, and will own richer redox reaction sites between the interfaces of active material/electrolyte. The uniform flower-like P-Cu-Co sulfide electrode materials will have more potential alternatives for oxides electrode materials in the future.

Charge storage mechanisms of manganese oxide nanosheets and N-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogel for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Although manganese oxide- and graphene-based supercapacitors have been widely studied, their charge storage mechanisms are not yet fully investigated. In this work, we have studied the charge storage mechanisms of K-birnassite MnO2 nanosheets and N-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogel (N-rGOae) using an in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and an electrochemical quart crystal microbalance (EQCM). The oxidation number of Mn at the MnO2 electrode is +3.01 at 0 V vs. SCE for the charging process and gets oxidized to +3.12 at +0.8 V vs. SCE and then reduced back to +3.01 at 0 V vs. SCE for the discharging process. The mass change of solvated ions, inserted to the layers of MnO2 during the charging process is 7.4 μg cm-2. Whilst, the mass change of the solvated ions at the N-rGOae electrode is 8.4 μg cm-2. An asymmetric supercapacitor of MnO2//N-rGOae (CR2016) provides a maximum specific capacitance of ca. 467 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, a maximum specific power of 39 kW kg-1 and a specific energy of 40 Wh kg-1 with a wide working potential of 1.6 V and 93.2% capacity retention after 7,500 cycles. The MnO2//N-rGOae supercapacitor may be practically used in high power and energy applications.

Construction of CuS/Au Heterostructure through a Simple Photoreduction Route for Enhanced Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution and Photocatalysis

An efficient Hydrogen evolution catalyst has been developed by decorating Au nanoparticle on the surface of CuS nanostructure following a green and environmental friendly approach. CuS nanostructure is synthesized through a simple wet-chemical route. CuS being a visible light photocatalyst is introduced to function as an efficient reducing agent. Photogenerated electron is used to reduce Au(III) on the surface of CuS to prepare CuS/Au heterostructure. The as-obtained heterostructure shows excellent performance in electrochemical H₂ evolution reaction with promising durability in acidic condition, which could work as an efficient alternative for novel metals. The most efficient CuS-Au heterostructure can generate 10 mA/cm² current density upon application of 0.179 V vs. RHE. CuS-Au heterostructure can also perform as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutant. This dual nature of CuS and CuS/Au both in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis has been unveiled in this study.

Phosphonate-Derived Nanoporous Metal Phosphates and Their Superior Energy Storage Application

Nanoporous nickel, aluminum, and zirconium phosphates (hereafter, abbreviated as NiP, AlP, and ZrP, respectively) with high surface areas and controlled morphology and crystallinity have been synthesized through simple calcination of the corresponding phosphonates. For the preparation of phosphonate materials, nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid (NMPA) is used as phosphorus source. The organic component in the phosphonate materials is thermally removed to form nanoporous structures in the final phosphate materials. The formation mechanism of nanoporous structures, as well as the effect of applied calcination temperatures on the morphology and crystallinity of the final phosphate materials, is carefully discussed. Especially, nanoporous NiP materials have a spherical morphology with a high surface area and can have great applicability as an electrode material for supercapacitors. It has been found that there is a critical effect of particle sizes, surface areas, and the crystallinities of NiP materials toward electrochemical behavior. Our nanoporous NiP material has superior specific capacitance, as compared to various phosphate nanomaterials reported previously. Excellent retention capacity of 97% is realized even after 1000 cycles, which can be ascribed to its high structural stability.

Controlled growth of NiMoO4·H2O nanoflake and nanowire arrays on Ni foam for superior performance of asymmetric supercapacitors

Hydrous NiMoO₄ nanoflake arrays on Ni foam show superior cycle ability and specific capacitance.

Nanostructured CuS networks composed of interconnected nanoparticles for asymmetric supercapacitors

Nanostructured CuS networks composed of interconnected nanoparticles are demonstrated as promising electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors.