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Hushmandi K, Einollahi B, Saadat SH, Lee EHC, Farani MR, Okina E, Huh YS, Nabavi N, Salimimoghadam S, Kumar AP. Amino acid transporters within the solute carrier superfamily: Underappreciated proteins and novel opportunities for cancer therapy. Mol Metab 2024; 84:101952. [PMID: 38705513 PMCID: PMC11112377 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solute carrier (SLC) transporters, a diverse family of membrane proteins, are instrumental in orchestrating the intake and efflux of nutrients including amino acids, vitamins, ions, nutrients, etc, across cell membranes. This dynamic process is critical for sustaining the metabolic demands of cancer cells, promoting their survival, proliferation, and adaptation to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Amino acids are fundamental building blocks of cells and play essential roles in protein synthesis, nutrient sensing, and oncogenic signaling pathways. As key transporters of amino acids, SLCs have emerged as crucial players in maintaining cellular amino acid homeostasis, and their dysregulation is implicated in various cancer types. Thus, understanding the intricate connections between amino acids, SLCs, and cancer is pivotal for unraveling novel therapeutic targets and strategies. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review, we delve into the significant impact of amino acid carriers of the SLCs family on the growth and progression of cancer and explore the current state of knowledge in this field, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms that underlie these relationships and highlighting potential avenues for future research and clinical interventions. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Amino acids transportation by SLCs plays a critical role in tumor progression. However, some studies revealed the tumor suppressor function of SLCs. Although several studies evaluated the function of SLC7A11 and SLC1A5, the role of some SLC proteins in cancer is not studied well. To exert their functions, SLCs mediate metabolic rewiring, regulate the maintenance of redox balance, affect main oncogenic pathways, regulate amino acids bioavailability within the TME, and alter the sensitivity of cancer cells to therapeutics. However, different therapeutic methods that prevent the function of SLCs were able to inhibit tumor progression. This comprehensive review provides insights into a rapidly evolving area of cancer biology by focusing on amino acids and their transporters within the SLC superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiavash Hushmandi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behzad Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Hui Clarissa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marzieh Ramezani Farani
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Elena Okina
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Liu H, Hao W, Wang X, Zhang Y, He L, Xue X, Yang J, Zhang C. Identification of novel molecules and pathways associated with fascin actin‑bundling protein 1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma through comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:39. [PMID: 38426543 PMCID: PMC10914310 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Fascin actin‑bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) has been reported to play a crucial role in the development and progression of LSCC; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, a whole transcriptome microarray analysis was performed to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cells in which FSCN1 was knocked down. A total of 462 up and 601 downregulated mRNA transcripts were identified. Functional annotation analysis revealed that these DEGs were involved in multiple biological functions, such as transcriptional regulation, response to radiation, focal adhesion, extracellular matrix‑receptor interaction, steroid biosynthesis and others. Through co‑expression and protein‑protein interaction analysis, FSCN1 was linked to novel functions, including defense response to virus and steroid biosynthesis. Furthermore, crosstalk analysis with FSCN1‑interacting proteins revealed seven DEGs, identified as FSCN1‑interacting partners, in LSCC cells, three of which were selected for further validation. Co‑immunoprecipitation validation confirmed that FSCN1 interacted with prostaglandin reductase 1 and 24‑dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR24). Of note, DHCR24 is a key enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, and its overexpression promotes the proliferation and migration of LSCC cells. These findings suggest that DHCR24 is a novel molecule associated with FSCN1 in LSCC, and that the FSCN1‑DHCR24 interaction may promote LSCC progression by regulating cholesterol metabolism‑related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, The Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, The Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xinfang Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, The Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yuliang Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Long He
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xuting Xue
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Anatomy, The Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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3
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Abdullah AR, Gamal El-Din AM, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail Y, El-Husseiny AA. The crucial role of fascin-1 in the pathogenesis, metastasis, and chemotherapeutic resistance of breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155079. [PMID: 38219494 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women to be diagnosed, and it is also the second leading cause of cancer death in women globally. It is the disease that causes the most life years adjusted for disability lost among women, making it a serious worldwide health issue. Understanding and interpreting carcinogenesis and metastatic pathways is critical for curing malignancy. Fascin-1 was recognized as an actin-bundling protein with parallel, rigid bundles as a result of the cross-linking of F-actin microfilaments. Increasing levels of fascin-1 have been associated with bad prognostic profiles, aggressiveness of clinical courses, and poor survival outcomes in a variety of human malignancies. Cancer cells that overexpress fascin-1 have higher capabilities for proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis. Fascin-1 is being considered as a potential target for therapy as well as a potential biomarker for diagnostics in a variety of cancer types. This review aims to provide an overview of the FSCN1 gene and its protein structure, elucidate its physiological and pathological roles, and throw light on its involvement in the initiation, development, and chemotherapeutic resistance of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Abdullah
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ayman M Gamal El-Din
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Yahia Ismail
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt.
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Izdebska M, Zielińska W, Krajewski A, Grzanka A. Fascin in migration and metastasis of breast cancer cells - A review. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:290-297. [PMID: 37660543 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell migration and metastasis are the biggest problems in the treatment of cancer patients. The most aggressive breast cancer (BC) is the triple-negative type. Therefore, effective therapeutic targets that limit cell migration are sought. One such target may be fascin, as its overexpression is characteristic to triple-negative breast cancer. The high level of fascin enables the formation of protrusion and thus promotes the invasion of cancer cells. Fascin also shows co-localization or functional relationships with other proteins. These are proteins involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, vimentin, cadherins, β-catenin, and matrix metalloproteinases 2/9 (MMP-2/9). Fascin is also involved in many signaling pathways protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ), Wnt/β-catenin, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt. Therefore, in this article, we review currently available in vitro studies and compare them with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis of BC patients to demonstrate the role of fascin in the migration and invasion of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Izdebska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wioletta Zielińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adrian Krajewski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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5
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Rajan S, Kudryashov DS, Reisler E. Actin Bundles Dynamics and Architecture. Biomolecules 2023; 13:450. [PMID: 36979385 PMCID: PMC10046292 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells use the actin cytoskeleton for many of their functions, including their division, adhesion, mechanosensing, endo- and phagocytosis, migration, and invasion. Actin bundles are the main constituent of actin-rich structures involved in these processes. An ever-increasing number of proteins that crosslink actin into bundles or regulate their morphology is being identified in cells. With recent advances in high-resolution microscopy and imaging techniques, the complex process of bundles formation and the multiple forms of physiological bundles are beginning to be better understood. Here, we review the physiochemical and biological properties of four families of highly conserved and abundant actin-bundling proteins, namely, α-actinin, fimbrin/plastin, fascin, and espin. We describe the similarities and differences between these proteins, their role in the formation of physiological actin bundles, and their properties-both related and unrelated to their bundling abilities. We also review some aspects of the general mechanism of actin bundles formation, which are known from the available information on the activity of the key actin partners involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepa Rajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dmitri S. Kudryashov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Emil Reisler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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6
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Zhang N, Bian Q, Gao Y, Wang Q, Shi Y, Li X, Ma X, Chen H, Zhao Z, Yu H. The Role of Fascin-1 in Human Urologic Cancers: A Promising Biomarker or Therapeutic Target? Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231175733. [PMID: 37246525 PMCID: PMC10240877 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231175733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cancer statistics show that an increased incidence of urologic cancers such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Due to the lack of early markers and effective therapeutic targets, their prognosis is poor. Fascin-1 is an actin-binding protein, which functions in the formation of cell protrusions by cross-linking with actin filaments. Studies have found that fascin-1 expression is elevated in most human cancers and is related to outcomes such as neoplasm metastasis, reduced survival, and increased aggressiveness. Fascin-1 has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for urologic cancers, but there is no comprehensive review to evaluate these studies. This review aimed to provide an enhanced literature review, outline, and summarize the mechanism of fascin-1 in urologic cancers and discuss the therapeutic potential of fascin-1 and the possibility of its use as a potential marker. We also focused on the correlation between the overexpression of fascin-1 and clinicopathological parameters. Mechanistically, fascin-1 is regulated by several regulators and signaling pathways (such as long noncoding RNA, microRNA, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and extracellular regulated protein kinases). The overexpression of fascin-1 is related to clinicopathologic parameters such as pathological stage, bone or lymph node metastasis, and reduced disease-free survival. Several fascin-1 inhibitors (G2, NP-G2-044) have been evaluated in vitro and in preclinical models. The study proved the promising potential of fascin-1 as a newly developing biomarker and a potential therapeutic target that needs further investigation. The data also highlight the inadequacy of fascin-1 to serve as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Bian
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankun Gao
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Chen
- College of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhankui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Zhang ZD, Li RR, Chen JY, Huang HX, Cheng YW, Xu LY, Li EM. The post-translational modification of Fascin: impact on cell biology and its associations with inhibiting tumor metastasis. Amino Acids 2022; 54:1541-1552. [PMID: 35939077 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The post-translational modifications (PTMs), which are crucial in the regulation of protein functions, have great potential as biomarkers of cancer status. Fascin (Fascin actin-bundling protein 1, FSCN1), a key protein in the formation of filopodia that is structurally based on actin filaments (F-actin), is significantly associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Studies have revealed various regulatory mechanisms of human Fascin, including PTMs. Although a number of Fascin PTM sites have been identified, their exact functions and clinical significance are much less explored. This review explores studies on the functions of Fascin and briefly discusses the regulatory mechanisms of Fascin. Next, to review the role of Fascin PTMs in cell biology and their associations with metastatic disease, we discuss the advances in the characterization of Fascin PTMs, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, and acetylation, and the main regulatory mechanisms are discussed. Fascin PTMs may be potential targets for therapy for metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Da Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-You Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Xin Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin-Wei Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
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Lawson CD, Peel S, Jayo A, Corrigan A, Iyer P, Baxter Dalrymple M, Marsh RJ, Cox S, Van Audenhove I, Gettemans J, Parsons M. Nuclear fascin regulates cancer cell survival. eLife 2022; 11:79283. [PMID: 36039640 PMCID: PMC9427113 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an important regulator of F-actin bundling leading to enhanced filopodia assembly. Fascin is also overexpressed in most solid tumours where it supports invasion through control of F-actin structures at the periphery and nuclear envelope. Recently, fascin has been identified in the nucleus of a broad range of cell types but the contributions of nuclear fascin to cancer cell behaviour remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that fascin bundles F-actin within the nucleus to support chromatin organisation and efficient DDR. Fascin associates directly with phosphorylated Histone H3 leading to regulated levels of nuclear fascin to support these phenotypes. Forcing nuclear fascin accumulation through the expression of nuclear-targeted fascin-specific nanobodies or inhibition of Histone H3 kinases results in enhanced and sustained nuclear F-actin bundling leading to reduced invasion, viability, and nuclear fascin-specific/driven apoptosis. These findings represent an additional important route through which fascin can support tumourigenesis and provide insight into potential pathways for targeted fascin-dependent cancer cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell D Lawson
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Samantha Peel
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
| | - Asier Jayo
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Adam Corrigan
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
| | - Preeti Iyer
- Molecular AI, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca (Sweden)
| | | | - Richard J Marsh
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Susan Cox
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Isabel Van Audenhove
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University
| | - Jan Gettemans
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
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Zhang N, Gao Y, Bian Q, Wang Q, Shi Y, Zhao Z, Yu H. The role of fascin-1 in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of respiratory related cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:948110. [PMID: 36033434 PMCID: PMC9404296 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.948110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cancer statistics report that respiratory related cancers such as lung, laryngeal, oral and nasopharyngeal cancers account for a large proportion of tumors, and tumor metastasis remains the major reason for patient death. The metastasis of tumor cells requires actin cytoskeleton remodeling, in which fascin-1 plays an important role. Fascin-1 can cross-link F-actin microfilaments into bundles and form finger-like cell protrusions. Some studies have shown that fascin-1 is overexpressed in human tumors and is associated with tumor growth, migration and invasion. The role of fascin-1 in respiratory related cancers is not very clear. The main purpose of this study was to provide an updated literature review on the role of fascin-1 in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of respiratory related cancers. These studies suggested that fascin-1 can serve as an emerging biomarker and potential therapeutic target, and has attracted widespread attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibin Zhang
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yankun Gao
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhankui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Honglian Yu,
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Zeyn Y, Harms G, Tubbe I, Montermann E, Röhrig N, Hartmann M, Grabbe S, Bros M. Inhibitors of the Actin-Bundling Protein Fascin-1 Developed for Tumor Therapy Attenuate the T-Cell Stimulatory Properties of Dendritic Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112738. [PMID: 35681718 PMCID: PMC9179534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Expression of the actin-bundling protein Fascin-1 (Fscn1) is largely restricted to neuronal cells and to activated dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are important inducers of (antitumor) immune responses. In tumor cells, de novo expression of Fscn-1 correlates with their invasive and metastatic activities. Pharmacological Fscn1 inhibitors, which are currently under clinical trials for tumor therapy, were demonstrated to counteract tumor metastasis. Within this study, we were interested in better understanding the effects of Fscn1 inhibitors on DCs and discovered that two distinct Fascin-1 inhibitors affect the immune-phenotype and T-cell stimulatory activity of DCs. Our results suggest that systemic application of Fscn1 inhibitors for tumor therapy may also modulate antitumor immune responses. Abstract Background: Stimulated dendritic cells (DCs), which constitute the most potent population of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), express the actin-bundling protein Fascin-1 (Fscn1). In tumor cells, de novo expression of Fscn1 correlates with their invasive and metastatic properties. Therefore, Fscn1 inhibitors have been developed to serve as antitumor agents. In this study, we were interested in better understanding the impact of Fscn1 inhibitors on DCs. Methods: In parallel settings, murine spleen cells and bone-marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in the presence of Fscn1 inhibitors (NP-G2-044 and BDP-13176). An analysis of surface expression of costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors, as well as cytokine production, was performed by flow cytometry. Cytoskeletal alterations were assessed by confocal microscopy. The effects on the interactions of BMDCs with antigen-specific T cells were monitored by time lapse microscopy. The T-cell stimulatory and polarizing capacity of BMDCs were measured in proliferation assays and cytokine studies. Results: Administration of Fscn1 inhibitors diminished Fscn1 expression and the formation of dendritic processes by stimulated BMDCs and elevated CD273 (PD-L2) expression. Fscn1 inhibition attenuated the interaction of DCs with antigen-specific T cells and concomitant T-cell proliferation. Conclusions: Systemic administration of Fscn1 inhibitors for tumor therapy may also modulate DC-induced antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanira Zeyn
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Gregory Harms
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Departments of Biology and Physics, Wilkes University, 84 W. South St., Wilkes Barre, PA 18766, USA
| | - Ingrid Tubbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Evelyn Montermann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Nadine Röhrig
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Maike Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (Y.Z.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-17-9846
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11
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Cai H, Wang R, Tang Z, Lu T, Cui Y. FSCN1 Promotes Esophageal Carcinoma Progression Through Downregulating PTK6 via its RNA-Binding Protein Effect. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:868296. [PMID: 35401239 PMCID: PMC8984143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.868296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) causes many deaths worldwide every year. Fascin actin-bundling protein 1(FSCN1) has been reported to be a promoter of ESCC via its actin-binding function, however, its new role as an RNA-binding protein (RBP) has not been investigated. Here, we explored the RBP role of FSCN1 in the development of ESCC. Methods: Whole-genome expression sequencing was performed to screen for altered genes after FSCN1 knockdown. RNA immunoprecipitation was performed to determine the target mRNA of FSCN1 as an RBP. In vitro experiments with ECA-109 and KYSE-150 and ex vivo experiments in tumor-bearing mice were performed to investigate the effects of FSCN1 and Protein Tyrosine Kinase 6 (PTK6) on ESCC progression. Results: FSCN1 could downregulate mRNA and the protein level of PTK6. The binding position of PTK6 (PTK6-T2) pre-mRNA to FSCN1 was determined. PTK6-T2 blocked the binding between FSCN1 and the pre-mRNA of PTK6, and thus reversed the promotion effect of FSCN1 on ESCC tumor progression via the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Conclusion: A novel effect of FSCN1, RBP-binding with the pre-mRNA of PTK6, was confirmed to play an important role in ESCC progression. PTK6-T2, which is a specific inhibitor of FSCN1 binding to the pre-mRNA of PTK6, could impede the development of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyu Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youbin Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Chen C, Xie B, Li Z, Chen L, Chen Y, Zhou J, Ju S, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhuo W, Yang J, Mao M, Xu L, Wang L. Fascin enhances the vulnerability of breast cancer to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:150. [PMID: 35165254 PMCID: PMC8844358 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, which is characterized by intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, is a newly described form of regulated cell death that may play a key role in tumour suppression. In the present study, we investigated the expression profiles and biological effects of fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (Fascin, gene name FSCN1) in breast cancer. In addition, bioinformatics analysis of the TCGA cancer database and gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that Fascin enhances sensitivity to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, Fascin directly interacts with cysteine/glutamate transporter (xCT, gene name SLC7A11) and decreases its stability via the ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation pathway. Furthermore, we observed that Fascin is substantially upregulated in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cell lines, and drug-resistant cells were also more vulnerable to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Taken together, our findings reveal a previously unidentified role of Fascin in ferroptosis by regulating xCT. Thus, ferroptosis activation in breast cancer with high Fascin level may serve as a potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bojian Xie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhaoqing Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lini Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siwei Ju
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulu Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenying Zhuo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Misha Mao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Guo F, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Zhang Q, Quan W, Wei Y, Hong L. Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential biological function of FSCN1 in HeLa cervical cancer cells. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12909. [PMID: 35178306 PMCID: PMC8817631 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1), an actin-bundling protein associated with cell migration and invasion, is highly expressed in various tumor tissues. FSCN1 has also been reported to be a marker of increased invasive potential in cervical cancers. However, the functions of FSCN1 are still not fully understood in cervical cancers. Here, the gene expression profile of HeLa cells transfected with FSCN1 shRNA (shFSCN1) was compared with that of cells transfected with empty vector (shCtrl). The results showed that shFSCN1 extensively affected the transcription level of 5,043 genes in HeLa cells. In particular, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that a large number of upregulated genes were annotated with terms including transcription regulation and DNA binding. The downregulated genes were enriched in some cancer pathways, including angiogenesis and cell adhesion. qPCR validation confirmed that FSCN1 knockdown significantly affected the expression of selected genes in HeLa cells either negatively or positively. Expression analysis in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) revealed that FSCN1 had negative correlations with several transcription factors and a positive correlation with an angiogenic factor (angiopoietin like 4, ANGPTL4) in cervical tumor tissue. In particular, validation by Western blotting showed that FSCN1 knockdown decreased the protein level of ANGPTL4. Our results demonstrated that FSCN1 is not only an actin-binding protein but also a transcriptional regulator and an angiogenic factor in cervical cancer. Thus, our study provides important insights for further study on the regulatory mechanism of FSCN1 in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanliang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qifan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weili Quan
- ABLife BioBigData Institute, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yaxun Wei
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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14
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Li CH, Chan MH, Liang SM, Chang YC, Hsiao M. Fascin-1: Updated biological functions and therapeutic implications in cancer biology. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100052. [PMID: 37082587 PMCID: PMC10074911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Filopodia are cellular protrusions that respond to a variety of stimuli. Filopodia are formed when actin is bound to the protein Fascin, which may play a crucial role in cellular interactions and motility during cancer metastasis. Significantly, the noncanonical features of Fascin-1 are gradually being clarified, including the related molecular network contributing to metabolic reprogramming, chemotherapy resistance, stemness ac-tivity, and tumor microenvironment events. However, the relationship between biological characteristics and pathological features to identify effective therapeutic strategies needs to be studied further. The pur-pose of this review article is to provide a broad overview of the latest molecular networks and multiomics research regarding fascins and cancer. It also highlights their direct and indirect effects on available cancer treatments. With this multidisciplinary approach, researchers and clinicians can gain the most relevant in-formation on the function of fascins in cancer progression, which may facilitate clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shu-Mei Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Corresponding authors.
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15
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Chen Y, Ma Y, Ji Q, Yang X, Feng X, Yao R, Cheng X, Li T, Wang Y, Wang Z. Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus Infection Decreases Milk Protein Synthesis by Preventing Amino Acid Uptake in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:756375. [PMID: 34869729 PMCID: PMC8636274 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.756375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the main pathogens in cow mastitis, colonizing mammary tissues and being internalized into mammary epithelial cells, causing intracellular infection in the udder. Milk that is produced by cows that suffer from mastitis due to S. aureus is associated with decreased production and changes in protein composition. However, there is limited information on how mastitis-inducing bacteria affect raw milk, particularly with regard to protein content and protein composition. The main purpose of this work was to examine how S. aureus infection affects milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). BMECs were infected with S. aureus, and milk protein and amino acid levels were determined by ELISA after S. aureus invasion. The activity of mTORC1 signaling and the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT5 and the expression of the amino acid transporters SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 were measured by western blot or immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. S. aureus was internalized by BMECs in vitro, and the internalized bacteria underwent intracellular proliferation. Eight hours after S. aureus invasion, milk proteins were downregulated, and the level of BMECs that absorbed Glu, Asp, and Leu from the culture medium and the exogenous amino acids induced β-casein synthesis declined. Further, the activity of mTORC1 signaling, NF-κB, and STAT5 was impaired, and SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 were downregulated. Eight hours of treatment with 100 nM rapamycin inhibited NF-κB and STAT5 activity, SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 expression, and milk protein synthesis in BMECs. Thus mTORC1 regulates the expression of SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 through NF-κB and STAT5. These findings constitute a model by which S. aureus infection suppresses milk protein synthesis by decreasing amino acids uptake in BMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jining Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Yuze Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruiyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoou Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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16
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Lamptey J, Czika A, Aremu JO, Pervaz S, Adu-Gyamfi EA, Otoo A, Li F, Wang YX, Ding YB. The role of fascin in carcinogenesis and embryo implantation. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112885. [PMID: 34662557 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton, with its actin bundling proteins, plays crucial roles in a host of cellular function, such as cancer metastasis, antigen presentation and trophoblast migration and invasion, as a result of cytoskeletal remodeling. A key player in cytoskeletal remodeling is fascin. Upregulation of fascin induces the transition of epithelial phenotypes to mesenchymal phenotypes through complex interaction with transcription factors. Fascin expression also regulates mitochondrial F-actin to promote oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in some cancer cells. Trophoblast cells, on the other hand, exhibit similar physiological functions, involving the upregulation of genes crucial for its migration and invasion. Owing to the similar tumor-like characteristics among cancer and trophoblats, we review recent studies on fascin in relation to cancer and trophoblast cell biology; and based on existing evidence, link fascin to the establishment of the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jones Lamptey
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, KCCR, UPO, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Armin Czika
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - John Ogooluwa Aremu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sadaf Pervaz
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Antonia Otoo
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Bin Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Gupta I, Vranic S, Al-Thawadi H, Al Moustafa AE. Fascin in Gynecological Cancers: An Update of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225760. [PMID: 34830909 PMCID: PMC8616296 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fascin, an actin-binding protein, is upregulated in different types of human cancers. It is reportedly responsible for increasing the invasive and metastatic ability of cancer cells by reducing cell–cell adhesions. This review provides a brief overview of fascin and its interactions with other genes and oncoviruses to induce the onset and progression of cancer. Abstract Fascin is an actin-binding protein that is encoded by the FSCN1 gene (located on chromosome 7). It triggers membrane projections and stimulates cell motility in cancer cells. Fascin overexpression has been described in different types of human cancers in which its expression correlated with tumor growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, overexpression of fascin was found in oncovirus-infected cells, such as human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), disrupting the cell–cell adhesion and enhancing cancer progression. Based on these findings, several studies reported fascin as a potential biomarker and a therapeutic target in various cancers. This review provides a brief overview of the FSCN1 role in various cancers with emphasis on gynecological malignancies. We also discuss fascin interactions with other genes and oncoviruses through which it might induce cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (S.V.); (H.A.-T.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (S.V.); (H.A.-T.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hamda Al-Thawadi
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (S.V.); (H.A.-T.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (S.V.); (H.A.-T.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4403-7817
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18
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Lamptey J, Li F, Adu-Gyamfi EA, Chen XM, Czika A, Otoo A, Liu TH, Wang YX, Ding YB. Downregulation of fascin in the first trimester placental villi is associated with early recurrent miscarriage. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112597. [PMID: 33862100 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate trophoblast proliferation, shallow invasion and exaggerated rate of trophoblast apoptosis are implicated in early recurrent miscarriage (ERM). However, the mechanistic bases of this association have not been fully established. We aimed at investigating the involvement of fascin, an actin-bundling protein, in trophoblast activities and ERM. We found that fascin was downregulated in the cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) and distal cytotrophoblasts (DCTs) of ERM placentae. Knockdown of fascin altered cellular and nucleolar morphology, and inhibited the proliferation but increased apoptosis of trophoblastic HTR8/SVneo cells. Furthermore, fascin knockdown decreased the expression of transcription factors such as Snail1/2, Twist and Zeb1/2, mesenchymal molecules such as Vimentin and N-cadherin, and the protein expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphorylates signal transducer and activator of transcript 3 (STAT3). Exposure of HTR-8/SVneo cells to hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) decreased fascin expression to affect the cells' invasion. Our results indicate for the first time that the downregulation of fascin is involved in the pathogenesis of early recurrent miscarriage; and hence a potential therapeutic target against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jones Lamptey
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Fangfang Li
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Armin Czika
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Antonia Otoo
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Tai-Hang Liu
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Yu-Bin Ding
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Li L, Cao J, Guo Y, Wu Y, Gao W. Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 in human cancer: promising biomarker or therapeutic target? Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 20:240-264. [PMID: 33614909 PMCID: PMC7873579 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) is a highly conserved actin-bundling protein that cross links F-actin microfilaments into tight, parallel bundles. Elevated FSCN1 levels have been reported in many types of human cancers and have been correlated with aggressive clinical progression, poor prognosis, and survival outcomes. The overexpression of FSCN1 in cancer cells has been associated with tumor growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Currently, FSCN1 is recognized as a candidate biomarker for multiple cancer types and as a potential therapeutic target. The aim of this study was to provide a brief overview of the FSCN1 gene and protein structure and elucidate on its actin-bundling activity and physiological functions. The main focus was on the role of FSCN1 and its upregulatory mechanisms and significance in cancer cells. Up-to-date studies on FSCN1 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancers are reviewed. It is shown that FSCN1 is an unusual biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yongyan Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
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Kahya U, Köseer AS, Dubrovska A. Amino Acid Transporters on the Guard of Cell Genome and Epigenome. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E125. [PMID: 33401748 PMCID: PMC7796306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is driven by metabolic reprogramming. Oncogenic mutations and epigenetic alterations that cause metabolic rewiring may also upregulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Precise regulation of the intracellular ROS levels is critical for tumor cell growth and survival. High ROS production leads to the damage of vital macromolecules, such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, causing genomic instability and further tumor evolution. One of the hallmarks of cancer metabolism is deregulated amino acid uptake. In fast-growing tumors, amino acids are not only the source of energy and building intermediates but also critical regulators of redox homeostasis. Amino acid uptake regulates the intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein response signaling, mTOR-mediated antioxidant defense, and epigenetic adaptations of tumor cells to oxidative stress. This review summarizes the role of amino acid transporters as the defender of tumor antioxidant system and genome integrity and discusses them as promising therapeutic targets and tumor imaging tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Kahya
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (A.S.K.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ayşe Sedef Köseer
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (A.S.K.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (A.S.K.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Lamb MC, Tootle TL. Fascin in Cell Migration: More Than an Actin Bundling Protein. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110403. [PMID: 33212856 PMCID: PMC7698196 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell migration is an essential biological process that regulates both development and diseases, such as cancer metastasis. Therefore, understanding the factors that promote cell migration is crucial. One of the factors known to regulate cell migration is the actin-binding protein, Fascin. Fascin is typically thought to promote cell migration through bundling actin to form migratory structures such as filopodia and invadapodia. However, Fascin has many other functions in the cell that may contribute to cell migration. How these novel functions promote cell migration and are regulated is still not well understood. Here, we review the structure of Fascin, the many functions of Fascin and how they may promote cell migration, how Fascin is regulated, and Fascin’s role in diseases such as cancer metastasis. Abstract Fascin, an actin-binding protein, regulates many developmental migrations and contributes to cancer metastasis. Specifically, Fascin promotes cell motility, invasion, and adhesion by forming filopodia and invadopodia through its canonical actin bundling function. In addition to bundling actin, Fascin has non-canonical roles in the cell that are thought to promote cell migration. These non-canonical functions include regulating the activity of other actin-binding proteins, binding to and regulating microtubules, mediating mechanotransduction to the nucleus via interaction with the Linker of the Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) Complex, and localizing to the nucleus to regulate nuclear actin, the nucleolus, and chromatin modifications. The many functions of Fascin must be coordinately regulated to control cell migration. While much remains to be learned about such mechanisms, Fascin is regulated by post-translational modifications, prostaglandin signaling, protein–protein interactions, and transcriptional means. Here, we review the structure of Fascin, the various functions of Fascin and how they contribute to cell migration, the mechanisms regulating Fascin, and how Fascin contributes to diseases, specifically cancer metastasis.
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Fan YL, Li B, Zhao HP, Zhao HC, Feng XQ. A function of fascin1 in the colony formation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1078-1090. [PMID: 32379912 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fascin1 is known to participate in the migration of cancer cells by binding to actin filaments. Recent studies evidenced that fascin1 also modulates processes such as the tumorigenesis and maintenance of pluripotency genes in cancer stem cells. However, the function of fascin1 in embryonic stem cells remains unclear. In this article, we report that fascin1 is highly expressed and widely distributed in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), which are regulated by JAK-STAT3 and β-catenin. We found that the overexpression of fascin1 impairs the formation of mESC colonies via the downregulation of intercellular adhesion molecules, and that mimicking the dephosphorylated mutation of fascin1 or inhibiting phosphorylation with Gö6983 significantly enhances colony formation. Hyperphosphorylated fascin1 can promote the maintenance of pluripotency in mESCs via nuclear localization and suppressing DNA methyltransferase expression. Our findings demonstrate a novel function of fascin1, as a vital regulator, in the colony formation and pluripotency of mESCs and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying embryonic stem cell self-organization and development in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lei Fan
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Arlt MJ, Kuzmanov A, Snedeker JG, Fuchs B, Silvan U, Sabile AA. Fascin-1 enhances experimental osteosarcoma tumor formation and metastasis and is related to poor patient outcome. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:83. [PMID: 30654764 PMCID: PMC6337773 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fascin-1, a prominent actin-bundling protein, is found to be upregulated in several human carcinomas. While it is accepted that Fascin-1 expression correlates with poor clinical outcome and decreased survival in various carcinomas, its role in sarcoma such as osteosarcoma (OS) remains unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the prognostic value and biological relevance of Fascin-1 in OS. Methods The correlation between Fascin-1 expression and the outcome of OS patients was determined by immunohistochemistry analysis of Fascin-1 expression in a tissue microarray of OS tissue specimens collected during primary tumor resection. To examine the effect of Fascin-1, shRNA and overexpression technology to alter Fascin-1 levels in OS cells were used in cellular assays as well as in intratibial xenograft OS models in SCID mice. Results Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of Fascin-1 expression in OS tumor specimens revealed a direct relationship between Fascin-1 expression and poor patient survival. Furthermore, overexpression of Fascin-1 in OS cells significantly increased their migratory capacity as well as the activity of the matrix metalloprotease MMP-9, known to be critical for the execution of metastasis. Finally, using relevant xenograft mouse models, orthotopic intratibial transplantation of two different OS cell lines overexpressing Fascin-1 promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate for the first time that Fascin-1 has considerable potential as a novel prognostic biomarker in OS, and suggest that targeting of Fascin-1 might be a new anti-metastatic strategy in OS patient treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5303-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias J Arlt
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist Hospital, University of Zürich, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandar Kuzmanov
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jess G Snedeker
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist Hospital, University of Zürich, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Fuchs
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Winterthur Cantonal Hospital, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Unai Silvan
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist Hospital, University of Zürich, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adam A Sabile
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist Hospital, University of Zürich, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland.
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