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Su TC, Vu-Dinh H, Lin SH, Do Quang L, Chu Duc T, Jen CP. The effect of magnetic bead size on the isolation efficiency of lung cancer cells in a serpentine microchannel with added cavities. Biomed Microdevices 2024; 26:7. [PMID: 38175269 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
An investigation was conducted to examine the effect of magnetic bead (MB) size on the effectiveness of isolating lung cancer cells using the immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method in a serpentine microchannel with added cavities (SMAC) structure. Carboxylated magnetic beads were specifically conjugated to target cells through a modification procedure using aptamer materials. Cells immobilized with different sizes (in micrometers) of MBs were captured and isolated in the proposed device for comparison and analysis. The study yields significance regarding the clarification of device working principles by using a computational model. Furthermore, an accurate evaluation of the MB size impact on capture efficiency was achieved, including the issue of MB-cell accumulation at the inlet-channel interface, despite it being overlooked in many previous studies. As a result, our findings demonstrated an increasing trend in binding efficiency as the MB size decreased, evidenced by coverages of 50.5%, 60.1%, and 73.4% for sizes of 1.36 μm, 3.00 μm, and 4.50 μm, respectively. Additionally, the overall capture efficiency (without considering the inlet accumulation) was also higher for smaller MBs. However, when accounting for the actual number of cells entering the channel (i.e., the effective capture), larger MBs showed higher capture efficiency. The highest effective capture achieved was 88.4% for the size of 4.50 μm. This research provides an extensive insight into the impact of MB size on the performance of IMS-based devices and holds promise for the efficient separation of circulating cancer cells (CTCs) in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Su
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hien Vu-Dinh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing for High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Loc Do Quang
- Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Trinh Chu Duc
- Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunication, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Chun-Ping Jen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing for High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C..
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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Tripathi R, Guglani A, Ghorpade R, Wang B. Biotin conjugates in targeted drug delivery: is it mediated by a biotin transporter, a yet to be identified receptor, or (an)other unknown mechanism(s)? J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2276663. [PMID: 37955285 PMCID: PMC10653662 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2276663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of drugs with biotin is a widely studied strategy for targeted drug delivery. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies through H3-biotin competition experiments conclude with the presence of a free carboxylic acid being essential for its uptake via the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT, the major biotin transporter). However, biotin conjugation with a payload requires modification of the carboxylic acid to an amide or ester group. Then, there is the question as to how/whether the uptake of biotin conjugates goes through the SMVT. If not, then what is the mechanism? Herein, we present known uptake mechanisms of biotin and its applications reported in the literature. We also critically analyse possible uptake mechanism(s) of biotin conjugates to address the disconnect between the results from SMVT-based SAR and "biotin-facilitated" targeted drug delivery. We believe understanding the uptake mechanism of biotin conjugates is critical for their future applications and further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anchala Guglani
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rujuta Ghorpade
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Chen XW, Zheng YY, Ouyang JM. Sulfated Undaria pinnatifida Polysaccharide Promotes Endocytosis of Nano-Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate by Repairing Subcellular Organelles in HK-2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051015. [PMID: 37237881 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical manifestation of primary hyperoxaluria includes hyperoxaluria and recurrent urinary calculi. In this study, an oxidative damage model was constructed based on oxalate damage to the human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), and a comparative study was carried out on four different sulfated levels of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides (UPP0, UPP1, UPP2, and UPP3 with sulfate group [-OSO3-] contents of 1.59%, 6.03%, 20.83%, and 36.39%, respectively) on the repair of oxidatively damaged HK-2 cells. The results showed that after repair by UPPs, cell viability was enhanced, healing ability was improved, the intracellular superoxide dismutase level and mitochondrial membrane potential were increased, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular Ca2+ levels were reduced, cellular autophagy was reduced; lysosomal integrity was improved, and cytoskeleton and cell morphology were restored. The ability of repaired cells to endocytose nano-calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals (nano-COD) was enhanced. The activity of UPPs was closely related to their -OSO3- content. A too high or too low -OSO3- content was not conducive to polysaccharide activity, and only UPP2 exhibited the best cell repair ability and strongest ability to promote the cell endocytosis of crystals. UPP2 may be used as a potential agent to inhibit CaOx crystal deposition caused by high oxalate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wu Chen
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Yun Zheng
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Yu BX, Zhang YH, Li CY, Xian JY, Li SJ, Huang WB, Huang LH, Sun XY. Cell Protection and Crystal Endocytosis Inhibition by Sulfated Laminaria Polysaccharides Against Nano-COM-Induced Oxidative Damage in Renal Epithelial Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7816-7828. [PMID: 36872978 PMCID: PMC9979320 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: The damage to renal tubular epithelial cells is closely related to the formation of kidney stones. At present, research on drugs that can protect cells from damage remains limited. Methods: This study aims to explore the protective effects of four different sulfate groups (-OSO3 -) of Laminaria polysaccharides (SLPs) on human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells and determine the difference in the endocytosis of nano-sized calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals before and after protection. COM with a size of 230 ± 80 nm was used to damage HK-2 cells to establish a damage model. The protection capability of SLPs (LP0, SLP1, SLP2, and SLP3) with -OSO3 - contents of 0.73, 15, 23, and 31%, respectively, against COM crystal damage and the effect of SLPs on the endocytosis of COM crystals were studied. Results: Compared with that of the SLP-unprotected COM-injured group, the cell viability of the SLP-protected group was improved, healing capability was enhanced, cell morphology was restored, production of reactive oxygen species was reduced, mitochondrial membrane potential and lysosome integrity were increased, intracellular Ca2+ level and autophagy were decreased, cell mortality was reduced, and internalized COM crystals were lessened. The capability of SLPs to protect cells from damage and inhibit the endocytosis of crystals in cells enhanced with an increase in the -OSO3 - content of SLPs. Conclusions: SLPs with a high -OSO3 - content may become a potential green drug for preventing the formation of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Xian Yu
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Yi-Han Zhang
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Chun-Yao Li
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Jun-Yi Xian
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Shu-Jue Li
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Wei-Bo Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Ling-Hong Huang
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department
of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory
of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
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Mansour KA, El-Neketi M, Lahloub MF, Elbermawi A. Nanoemulsions of Jasminum humile L. and Jasminum grandiflorum L. Essential Oils: An Approach to Enhance Their Cytotoxic and Antiviral Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113639. [PMID: 35684577 PMCID: PMC9182578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Unprecedented nanoemulsion formulations (NE) of Jasminum humile and Jasminum grandiflorum essential oils (EO) were prepared, and examined for their cytotoxic and antiviral activities. NE characterization and stability examination tests were performed to ensure formula stability. The antiviral activity was determined against hepatitis A (HAV) and herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1) viruses using MTT assay, while the cytotoxic potential was determined against liver (HepG-2), breast (MCF-7), leukemia (THP-1) cancer cell lines and normal Vero cells. Statistical significance was determined in comparison with doxorubicin as cytotoxic and acyclovir as antiviral standard drugs. GC-MS analysis indicated twenty four compounds in the EO of J. humile and seventeen compounds in the EO of J. grandiflorum. Biological investigations of pure EOs revealed weak cytotoxic and antiviral effects. Nevertheless, their NE formulations exhibited high biological value as cytotoxic and antiviral agents. NE formulations also showed feasible selectivity index for the viral-infected and cancer cells (especially HepG-2) than normal Vero cells. Both nanoemulsions showed lower IC50 than standard doxorubicin against HepG-2 (26.65 and 22.58 vs. 33.96 μg/mL) and MCF-7 (36.09 and 36.19 vs. 52.73 μg/mL), respectively. The study results showed the dramatic effect of nanoemulsion preparation on the biological activity of EOs and other liposoluble phytopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ahmed Mansour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (M.-F.L.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University in Egypt, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Mona El-Neketi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (M.-F.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.E.-N.); (A.E.); Tel.: +20-011-57-557-280 (M.E.-N.); +20-010-04-811-533 (A.E.)
| | - Mohamed-Farid Lahloub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (M.-F.L.)
| | - Ahmed Elbermawi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (M.-F.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.E.-N.); (A.E.); Tel.: +20-011-57-557-280 (M.E.-N.); +20-010-04-811-533 (A.E.)
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Dick TA, Sone ED, Uludağ H. Mineralized vectors for gene therapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 147:1-33. [PMID: 35643193 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
There is an intense interest in developing materials for safe and effective delivery of polynucleotides using non-viral vectors. Mineralization of organic templates has long been used to produce complex materials with outstanding biocompatibility. However, a lack of control over mineral growth has limited the applicability of mineralized materials to a few in vitro applications. With better control over mineral growth and surface functionalization, mineralized vectors have advanced significantly in recent years. Here, we review the recent progress in chemical synthesis, physicochemical properties, and applications of mineralized materials in gene therapy, focusing on structure-function relationships. We contrast the classical understanding of the mineralization mechanism with recent ideas of mineralization. A brief introduction to gene delivery is summarized, followed by a detailed survey of current mineralized vectors. The vectors derived from calcium phosphate are articulated and compared to other minerals with unique features. Advanced mineral vectors derived from templated mineralization and specialty coatings are critically analyzed. Mineral systems beyond the co-precipitation are explored as more complex multicomponent systems. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on the future of mineralized vectors by carefully demarcating the boundaries of our knowledge and highlighting ambiguous areas in mineralized vectors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Therapy by gene-based medicines is increasingly utilized to cure diseases that are not alleviated by conventional drug therapy. Gene medicines, however, rely on macromolecular nucleic acids that are too large and too hydrophilic for cellular uptake. Without tailored materials, they are not functional for therapy. One emerging class of nucleic acid delivery system is mineral-based materials. The fact that they can undergo controlled dissolution with minimal footprint in biological systems are making them attractive for clinical use, where safety is utmost importance. In this submission, we will review the emerging synthesis technology and the range of new generation minerals for use in gene medicines.
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Kesavan A, Chandrasekhar Reddy U, Kurian J, Muraleedharan KM. Cancer cell uptake and distribution of oxanorbornane-based synthetic lipids and their prospects as novel drug delivery systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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De R, Mahata MK, Kim K. Structure-Based Varieties of Polymeric Nanocarriers and Influences of Their Physicochemical Properties on Drug Delivery Profiles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105373. [PMID: 35112798 PMCID: PMC8981462 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Carriers are equally important as drugs. They can substantially improve bioavailability of cargos and safeguard healthy cells from toxic effects of certain therapeutics. Recently, polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) have achieved significant success in delivering drugs not only to cells but also to subcellular organelles. Variety of natural sources, availability of different synthetic routes, versatile molecular architectures, exploitable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability have presented polymers as one of the most desired materials for nanocarrier design. Recent innovative concepts and advances in PNC-associated nanotechnology are providing unprecedented opportunities to engineer nanocarriers and their functions. The efficiency of therapeutic loading has got considerably increased. Structural design-based varieties of PNCs are widely employed for the delivery of small therapeutic molecules to genes, and proteins. PNCs have gained ever-increasing attention and certainly paves the way to develop advanced nanomedicines. This article presents a comprehensive investigation of structural design-based varieties of PNCs and the influences of their physicochemical properties on drug delivery profiles with perspectives highlighting the inevitability of incorporating both the multi-stimuli-responsive and multi-drug delivery properties in a single carrier to design intelligent PNCs as new and emerging research directions in this rapidly developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit De
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Manoj Kumar Mahata
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut ‐ BiophysikGeorg‐August‐Universität GöttingenFriedrich‐Hund‐Platz 1Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Kyong‐Tai Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
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9
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Boadi EA, Shin S, Gombedza F, Bandyopadhyay BC. Differential biomolecular recognition by synthetic vs. biologically-derived components in the stone-forming process using 3D microfluidics. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:34-46. [PMID: 34779812 PMCID: PMC9045411 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01213d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) biomineralization is the hallmark of extra-skeletal tissue calcification and renal calcium stones. Although such a multistep process starts with CaP crystal formation, the mechanism is still poorly understood due to the complexity of the in vivo system and the lack of a suitable approach to simulate a truly in vivo-like environment. Although endogenous proteins and lipids are engaged with CaP crystals in such a biological process of stone formation, most in vitro studies use synthetic materials that can display differential bioreactivity and molecular recognition by the cellular component. Here, we used our in vitro microfluidic (MF) tubular structure, which is the first completely cylindrical platform, with renal tubular cellular microenvironments closest to the functional human kidney tubule, to understand the precise role of biological components in this process. We systematically evaluated the contribution of synthetic and biological components in the stone-forming process in the presence of dynamic microenvironmental cues that originated due to cellular pathophysiology, which are critical for the nucleation, aggregation, and growth of CaP crystals. Our results show that crystal aggregation and growth were enhanced by immunoglobulin G (IgG), which was further inhibited by etidronic acid due to the chelation of extracellular Ca2+. Interestingly, biogenic CaP crystals from mice urine, when applied with cell debris and non-specific protein (bovine serum albumin), exhibited a more discrete crystal growth pattern, compared to exposure to synthetic CaP crystals under similar conditions. Furthermore, proteins found on those calcium crystals from mice urine produced discriminatory effects on crystal-protein attachment. Specifically, such biogenic crystals exhibited enhanced affinity to the proteins inherent to those crystals. More importantly, a physiological comparison of crystal induction in renal tubular cells revealed that biogenic crystals are less effective at producing a sustained rise in cytosolic Ca2+ compared to synthetic crystals, suggesting a milder detrimental effect to downstream signaling. Finally, synthetic crystal-internalized cells induced more oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage compared to the biogenic crystal-internalized cells. Together, these results suggest that the intrinsic nature of biogenically derived components are appropriate to generate the molecular recognition needed for spatiotemporal effects and are critical towards understanding the process of kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Awuah Boadi
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, 20422, USA
| | - Samuel Shin
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, 20422, USA
| | - Farai Gombedza
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, 20422, USA
| | - Bidhan C. Bandyopadhyay
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, 20422, USA.,Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, 20037, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington DC, 20064, USA
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Eshkol-Yogev I, Kaufman A, Haddad M, Zilberman M. Cell viability of novel composite hydrogels loaded with hydroxyapatite for oral and maxillofacial bone regeneration. Odontology 2021; 110:296-304. [PMID: 34623513 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of hydrogels for maxillofacial bone regeneration holds vast potential. However, some challenges need to be addressed to further their application in clinical settings. One challenge is optimizing cell viability. To improve mechanical strength, various materials have been investigated; however, incorporation of these materials within the hydrogel network may affect cell viability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cell viability of novel gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels loaded with hydroxyapatite (HA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) for maxillofacial bone regeneration. Nine different hydrogels were prepared: three loaded with 0.5%, 1%, and 3% w/v HA; three loaded with 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% w/v n-HA; one not loaded as a control and two HA and n-HA hydrogels with a lower concentration of the EDC crosslinker. Cell viability of human osteoblasts exposed to the hydrogels as affected by the HA type, size, and concentration, as well as to the crosslinker concentration, was investigated. An Alamar Blue assay was used to evaluate cell viability in the presence of hydrogel extracts and in aqueous solutions (without the hydrogel). A qualitative model was developed for explaining cell viability and growth. Higher percentages of cell viability were observed in the hydrogels loaded with hydroxyapatite as compared with the control. The effect of HA-related parameters, i.e., particle size and concentration, was found to increase the cytotoxic effect, as expressed in lower cell viability. The most favorable composites were the n-HA hydrogels. The incorporation of n-HA in the hydrogel to form a composite seems to be a very promising approach for maxillofacial bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbar Eshkol-Yogev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Anat Kaufman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Marwan Haddad
- Head of Orthopedic Department, Holy Family Hospital, Nazareth, Israel
| | - Meital Zilberman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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11
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Lenz B, Brink A, Mihatsch MJ, Altmann B, Niederhauser U, Steinhuber B, Wyttenbach N, Fischer H. Multiorgan Crystal Deposition of an Amphoteric Drug in Rats Due to Lysosomal Accumulation and Conversion to a Poorly Soluble Hydrochloride Salt. Toxicol Sci 2021; 180:383-394. [PMID: 33454789 PMCID: PMC8041455 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor solubility of drug candidates mainly affects bioavailability, but poor solubility of drugs and metabolites can also lead to precipitation within tissues, particularly when high doses are tested. RO0728617 is an amphoteric compound bearing basic and acidic moieties that has previously demonstrated good solubility at physiological pH but underwent widespread crystal deposition in multiple tissues in rat toxicity studies. The aim of our investigation was to better characterize these findings and their underlying mechanism(s), and to identify possible screening methods in the drug development process. Main microscopic features observed in rat RO0728617 toxicity studies were extensive infiltrates of crystal-containing macrophages in multiple organs. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry revealed that these crystals contained the orally administered parent compound, and locality was confirmed to be intracytoplasmic and partly intralysosomal by electron microscopic examination. Crystal formation was explained by lysosomal accumulation of the compound followed by precipitation of the hydrochloride salt under physiological conditions in the lysosomes, which have a lower pH and higher chloride concentration in comparison to the cytosol. This study demonstrates that risk of drug precipitation can be assessed by comparing the estimated lysosomal drug concentration at a given dose with the solubility of the compound at lysosomal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lenz
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Brink
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Mihatsch
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Altmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Niederhauser
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Steinhuber
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Wyttenbach
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Holger Fischer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Kim IY, Lee TG, Reipa V, Heo MB. Titanium Dioxide Induces Apoptosis under UVA Irradiation via the Generation of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization-Dependent Reactive Oxygen Species in HaCat Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081943. [PMID: 34443774 PMCID: PMC8400875 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have wide commercial applications, owing to their small size; however, the biosafety of TiO2 NPs should be evaluated further. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of TiO2 NPs in the presence and absence of ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. TiO2 NPs did not significantly affect cell viability in the absence of UVA irradiation. Nonetheless, UVA-irradiated TiO2 NPs induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of HaCaT cells. Exposure of HaCaT cells to TiO2 NPs and UVA resulted in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP); both effects were not observed in the absence of UVA irradiation. An analysis of the relationship between LMP and ROS, using CA-074 as a cathepsin inhibitor or NAC as an antioxidant, showed that LMP stimulates ROS generation under these conditions. These results imply that LMP-dependent oxidative stress plays a critical role in the UVA phototoxicity of TiO2 NPs in HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Young Kim
- Nano-Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea; (I.Y.K.); (T.G.L.)
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Nano-Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea; (I.Y.K.); (T.G.L.)
| | - Vytas Reipa
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (M.B.H.); Tel.: +1-(301)-975-5056 (V.R.); +82-(042)-604-1052 (M.B.H.)
| | - Min Beom Heo
- Nano-Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea; (I.Y.K.); (T.G.L.)
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (M.B.H.); Tel.: +1-(301)-975-5056 (V.R.); +82-(042)-604-1052 (M.B.H.)
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13
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Zhang H, Sun XY, Chen XW, Ouyang JM. Degraded Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide protects HK-2 cells and reduces nano-COM crystal toxicity, adhesion and endocytosis. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:7233-7252. [PMID: 32638810 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00360c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We studied the protection of degraded Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide (PYP) on human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) from cytotoxicity of nano-calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystal, and the regulation of adhesion and endocytosis of the COM crystal. Four degraded fractions, namely, PYP1, PYP2, PYP3, and PYP4, were successfully obtained, with molecular weights (Mws) of 576.2, 49.5, 12.6, and 4.02 kDa, respectively. PYP protection reduced the crystal toxicity, prevented the destruction of cell morphology and cytoskeleton, inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species and the decline of lysosomal integrity, and reduced the expression of osteopontin and transmembrane protein (CD44). PYPi inhibited the adhesion and endocytosis of HK-2 cells by nano-COM. Endocytic COM crystals were accumulated in the lysosomes. With decreasing molecular weight, the ability of PYP to reduce cell damage and inhibit cell adhesion and endocytosis increased. PYP4, which has the smallest molecular weight, weaker intramolecular hydrogen bonds and more reducing groups, showed the best biological activity. PYPi can reduce the oxidative damage of the crystal to the cell, inhibit the adhesion and endocytosis of the crystal, and reduce the risk of kidney stone formation. Therefore, PYP, especially PYP4, has potential for use as a green drug to inhibit the formation and recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. and Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xue-Wu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. and Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. and Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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14
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Liu B, Liu B, Wang R, Li Y. α-Lactalbumin Self-Assembled Nanoparticles with Various Morphologies, Stiffnesses, and Sizes as Pickering Stabilizers for Oil-in-Water Emulsions and Delivery of Curcumin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2485-2492. [PMID: 33555192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To systematically study the multiple effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the stability, interfacial activity, and digestive properties of Pickering emulsions (PEs), various oil-in-water PEs were prepared by NPs based on the self-assembled α-lactalbumin-derived peptides with a variety of morphologies, stiffnesses, and sizes. We discovered that PEs stabilized by small-sized and soft nanospheres (NSs) exhibited the highest stability compared with other nanoparticles observed by Turbiscan during storage. Dilational interfacial rheological analysis demonstrated that a highly elastic interfacial film of the NSs had been formed by orderly packing at oil/water interfaces. Meanwhile, the most stable Pickering emulsion stabilized by NSs possessed the lowest lipid digestion rate. The tubular NPs distributed unevenly at the oil-water interfaces therefore showed lower interfacial activity. Harder NPs with lower flexibility showed a lower emulsion stability. Curcumin was loaded in PEs to further study the effect of bioavailability. Moreover, in vivo pharmacokinetic results revealed that Pickering emulsion stabilized by NSs showed the highest curcumin bioavailability, which was 5.37 times higher than unencapsulated curcumin. This study suggested that Pickering emulsion stabilized by NSs with the optimum stability was the most promising delivery system for hydrophobic bioactive ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingxue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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15
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Linnik DS, Tarakanchikova YV, Zyuzin MV, Lepik KV, Aerts JL, Sukhorukov G, Timin AS. Layer-by-Layer technique as a versatile tool for gene delivery applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1047-1066. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1879790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S. Linnik
- Laboratory of Micro-Encapsulation and Targeted Delivery of Biologically Active Compounds, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yana V. Tarakanchikova
- Laboratory of Micro-Encapsulation and Targeted Delivery of Biologically Active Compounds, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Zyuzin
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Lepik
- Department of Hematology, Transfusion, and Transplantation, First I. P. Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Joeri L. Aerts
- Laboratory of Micro-Encapsulation and Targeted Delivery of Biologically Active Compounds, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy Lab (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gleb Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Micro-Encapsulation and Targeted Delivery of Biologically Active Compounds, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Timin
- Laboratory of Micro-Encapsulation and Targeted Delivery of Biologically Active Compounds, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
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16
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Orellano MS, Bohl LP, Breser ML, Isaac P, Falcone RD, Porporatto C. A comparative study of antimicrobial activity of differently-synthesized chitosan nanoparticles against bovine mastitis pathogens. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:694-703. [PMID: 33216104 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The greatest concern in dairy farming nowadays is bovine mastitis (BM), which results mainly from bacterial colonization of the mammary gland. Antibiotics are the most widely used strategy for its prevention and treatment, but overuse has led to growing antimicrobial resistance. Pathogens have also developed other mechanisms to persist in the udder, such as biofilm formation and internalization into bovine epithelial cells. New therapies are therefore needed to reduce or replace antibiotic therapies. In a previous study, we found that chitosan nanoparticles (Ch-NPs) have considerable potential for the treatment of BM. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of differently-synthesized Ch-NPs against BM pathogens and their toxicity in bovine cells in vitro, to further explore the attributes of Ch-NPs for the prevention and treatment of intramammary infections. We also looked into their ability to inhibit biofilm formation and prevent the internalization of S. aureus into mammary epithelial cells. Finally, since an interesting approach for BM prevention is to enhance the host's immune response, we studied whether Ch-NPs could promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mammary epithelial cells. The results reveal that the bactericidal effect of Ch-NPs on BM pathogens and their ability to inhibit biofilm formation are size-dependent, with smaller particles being more efficient. In contrast, their effect on the viability of the cell lines is not size-dependent and all samples tested were non-toxic. The smallest Ch-NPs successfully prevented the internalization of S. aureus into the cells, but did not promote the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings make it possible to conclude that Ch-NPs are a great bactericidal agent which can prevent the main mechanisms developed by BM pathogens to persist in the udder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soledad Orellano
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María, Argentina. and Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), CONICET. Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Agencia Postal # 3. C.P. X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Luciana P Bohl
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María, Argentina.
| | - María L Breser
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María, Argentina.
| | - Paula Isaac
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María, Argentina.
| | - R Darío Falcone
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), CONICET. Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Agencia Postal # 3. C.P. X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Carina Porporatto
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María, Argentina.
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17
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18
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Bezza FA, Tichapondwa SM, Chirwa EMN. Synthesis of biosurfactant stabilized silver nanoparticles, characterization and their potential application for bactericidal purposes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122319. [PMID: 32120206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Uniformly dispersed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with remarkable colloidal stability were synthesised using chemical reduction method in lipopeptide biosurfactant reverse micelles. Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy analysis exhibited monodisperse nanoparticles with spherical morphology of diameter of 21 ± 2. The lipopeptide stabilized AgNPs displayed remarkable antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 15.625 μg/mL against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa CB1 and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis CN2 strains with a significant dose-dependent reduction of cell viability and loss of membrane integrity. Investigation of AgNPs internalization and dissolution assays demonstrated 42-fold higher leaching of the lipopeptide-stabilized AgNPs compared to the bare AgNPs, and concentration dependent increase in cellular uptake with subsequent damage to intracellular organelles. Further ultrastructural observation using TEM revealed internalization and strong binding of considerable amount of AgNPs on the lipopolysaccharide layer of the Gram-negative and peptidoglycans layer of Gram-positive bacteria indiscriminately, demonstrating robust antibacterial activity and potential application to treat multidrug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fisseha A Bezza
- Water Utilization and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Shepherd M Tichapondwa
- Water Utilization and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Evans M N Chirwa
- Water Utilization and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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19
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Li CY, Liu L, Zhao YW, Peng QL, Sun XY, Guo D, Ouyang JM. Repair of Tea Polysaccharide Promotes the Endocytosis of Nanocalcium Oxalate Monohydrate by Damaged HK-2 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2198976. [PMID: 32411321 PMCID: PMC7201800 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2198976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a protective mechanism of renal epithelial cells to eliminate retained crystals. This research investigated the endocytosis of 100 nm calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells before and after repair by four kinds of tea polysaccharides with molecular weights (MWs) of 10.88 (TPS0), 8.16 (TPS1), 4.82 (TPS2), and 2.31 kDa (TPS3), respectively. When HK-2 cells were repaired by TPSs after oxalic acid injury, the cell viability, wound healing ability, mitochondrial membrane potential, percentage of cells with endocytosed crystals, and dissolution rate of the endocytosed crystals increased; the cell morphology recovered; and the reactive oxygen level and lactate dehydrogenase release decreased. Most of the endocytosed crystals were found in the lysosomes. The repair effects of the four TPSs were ranked in the following order: TPS2>TPS1>TPS3>TPS0. TPS2 with moderate MW presented the optimal repair ability and strongest ability to promote endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang-Ye Li
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yao-Wang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Qian-Long Peng
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Da Guo
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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20
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Structure-based design of charge-conversional drug self-delivery systems for better targeted cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 232:119701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Ajikumar A, Long MB, Heath PR, Wharton SB, Ince PG, Ridger VC, Simpson JE. Neutrophil-Derived Microvesicle Induced Dysfunction of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5227. [PMID: 31652502 PMCID: PMC6834153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) that are tightly linked by tight junction (TJ) proteins, restricts the movement of molecules between the periphery and the central nervous system. Elevated systemic levels of neutrophils have been detected in patients with altered BBB function, but the role of neutrophils in BMEC dysfunction is unknown. Neutrophils are key players of the immune response and, when activated, produce neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NMV). NMV have been shown to impact the integrity of endothelial cells throughout the body and we hypothesize that NMV released from circulating neutrophils interact with BMEC and induce endothelial cell dysfunction. Therefore, the current study investigated the interaction of NMV with human BMEC and determined whether they altered gene expression and function in vitro. Using flow cytometry and confocal imaging, NMV were shown to be internalized by the human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3 via a variety of energy-dependent mechanisms, including endocytosis and macropinocytosis. The internalization of NMV significantly altered the transcriptomic profile of hCMEC/D3, specifically inducing the dysregulation of genes associated with TJ, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and vesicular transport. Functional studies confirmed NMV significantly increased permeability and decreased the transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) of a confluent monolayer of hCMEC/D3. These findings indicate that NMV interact with and affect gene expression of BMEC as well as impacting their integrity. We conclude that NMV may play an important role in modulating the permeability of BBB during an infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Ajikumar
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Merete B Long
- Department of Infection Immunity and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Stephen B Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Paul G Ince
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Victoria C Ridger
- Department of Infection Immunity and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
| | - Julie E Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
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22
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Rojas-Gutierrez PA, Bekah D, Seuntjens J, DeWolf C, Capobianco JA. Cellular Uptake, Cytotoxicity and Trafficking of Supported Lipid-Bilayer-Coated Lanthanide Upconverting Nanoparticles in Alveolar Lung Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4527-4536. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola A. Rojas-Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Center for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Devesh Bekah
- Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jan Seuntjens
- Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, Canada
| | - Christine DeWolf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Center for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - John A. Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Center for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
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23
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Li L, Xi WS, Su Q, Li Y, Yan GH, Liu Y, Wang H, Cao A. Unexpected Size Effect: The Interplay between Different-Sized Nanoparticles in Their Cellular Uptake. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901687. [PMID: 31348602 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The size effect on the cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) has been extensively studied, but it is still not well understood. Herein, a reductionist approach is used to minimize all influencing factors except the particle size, and co-exposure of different-sized silica nanoparticles (SNPs) is adopted instead of the common single exposure. SNPs are found being internalized by Hela cells in serum-free medium mainly via clathrin-dependent endocytosis, thus simplifying the data analysis for reliable attribution to size effects. Remarkably, even though at conditions that the size effects seem very small or even undetectable in the common single exposure experiments, the co-exposure experiments reveal significant size effects due to an unexpected interplay between two different-sized SNPs. Namely, the bigger SNPs significantly promote the cellular uptake of the smaller ones, while the smaller SNPs inhibit the internalization of the bigger ones, with a total uptake increase of the particle number of SNPs in the cells. This strong interplay between different-sized NPs might unavoidably exist within most "single-sized" NP products, whose sizes actually distribute in certain ranges, thus urging reconsideration of the size effect on the cellular uptake of NPs, for the benefits of both bioapplications and safety assessment of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wen-Song Xi
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Gui-Hua Yan
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yuanfang Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Aoneng Cao
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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24
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Gombedza FC, Shin S, Kanaras YL, Bandyopadhyay BC. Abrogation of store-operated Ca 2+ entry protects against crystal-induced ER stress in human proximal tubular cells. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:124. [PMID: 31396401 PMCID: PMC6680047 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium crystal internalization into proximal tubular (PT) cells results in acute kidney injury, nephrocalcinosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and kidney-stone formation. Ca2+ supersaturation in PT luminal fluid induces calcium crystal formation, leading to aberrant crystal internalization into PT cells. While such crystal internalization produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell membrane damage, and apoptosis; the upstream signaling events involving dysregulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and ER stress, remain largely unknown. We have recently described a transepithelial Ca2+ transport pathway regulated by receptor-operated Ca2+ entry (ROCE) in PT cells. Therefore, we examined the pathophysiological consequence of internalization of stone-forming calcium crystals such as calcium phosphate (CaP), calcium oxalate (CaOx), and CaP + CaOx (mixed) crystals on the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ signaling by measuring dynamic changes in Ca2+ transients in HK2, human PT cells, using pharmacological and siRNA inhibitors. The subsequent effect on ER stress was measured by changes in ER morphology, ER stress-related gene expression, endogenous ROS production, apoptosis, and necrosis. Interestingly, our data show that crystal internalization induced G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated sustained rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE); suggesting that the mode of Ca2+ entry switches from ROCE to SOCE following crystal internalization. We found that SOCE components-stromal interacting molecules 1 and 2 (STIM1, STIM2) and ORAI3 (SOCE) channel were upregulated in these crystal-internalized cells, which induced ER stress, ROS production, and cell death. Finally, silencing those SOCE genes protected crystal-internalized cells from prolonged [Ca2+]i rise and ER stress. Our data provide insight into the molecular mechanism of crystal-induced Ca2+ dysregulation, ER stress, and PT cell death and thus could have a translational role in treating crystal nephropathies including kidney stones. Taken together, modulation of Ca2+ signaling can be used as a tool to reverse the pathological consequence of crystal-induced conditions including cardiovascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farai C. Gombedza
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA
| | - Samuel Shin
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA
| | - Yianni L. Kanaras
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA
| | - Bidhan C. Bandyopadhyay
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA
- Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA
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25
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Rao CY, Sun XY, Ouyang JM. Effects of physical properties of nano-sized hydroxyapatite crystals on cellular toxicity in renal epithelial cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109807. [PMID: 31349397 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is not only a common component of most idiopathic CaOx stones, but also the core of Randall's plaque. HAP is a nest that can induce the formation of Randall's plaques and even kidney stones. We studied the toxic effects and mechanisms of four different types of nano-HAP crystals (H-Sphere, 72.5 nm × 72.5 nm; H-Needle, 37.2 nm × 162.7 nm; H-Rod, 42.3 nm × 115.3 nm; and H-Plate, 145.5 nm × 272.9 nm) on human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). HAP crystals could cause oxidative stress that triggered a series of cell dysfunction problems, resulting in decreased cell viability, loss of cell membrane integrity, cell swelling, and cell necrosis. The toxic effect of HAP was mainly attributed to its entry into cell by endocytosis and its accumulation in the lysosomes, causing the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) to rise, the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) to decrease, the lysosomal integrity to be destroyed, and the cell cycle blocked during the G0/G1 phase. The cytotoxicity of the four kinds of HAP crystals was ranked as follows: H-Sphere > H-Needle > H-Rod > H-Plate. The cytotoxicity of each crystal was positively correlated with low absolute zeta potential, conduciveness to internalized morphology, large specific surface area and aspect ratio, and small particle size. These results indicated that nano-HAP could damage HK-2 cells, and the physical properties of HAP crystals play a vital effect in their cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ying Rao
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Vyas SP, Goswami R. Size-dependent cellular uptake and TLR4 attenuation by gold nanoparticles in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:229-253. [PMID: 30657415 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate uptake mechanisms and immunomodulatory potential of differently sized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) to enable their use as an adjunct therapy for treating inflammation-linked lung cancer. METHODS Internalization of the synthesized (5, 15 and 30 nm) GNPs by various endocytosis pathways was determined. Immunomodulatory mechanisms induced by differently sized GNPs in A549 cells in the presence of TLR4 and TLR9 ligands were evaluated. RESULTS GNPs were size-dependently internalized efficiently by A549 cells. Various sized GNPs downregulated the expression of proinflammatory signaling molecules (5 nm most potent). Mechanistically, 5-nm GNPs attenuated TLR4 signaling by downregulating TLR4 expression in A549 cells. CONCLUSION Our study suggests the use of immunomodulatory GNPs as an adjunct therapy against inflammation-linked lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shachi P Vyas
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, School of Bioscience, IIT, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ritobrata Goswami
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, School of Bioscience, IIT, Kharagpur, India
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Cross-talk between renal lithogenesis and atherosclerosis: an unveiled link between kidney stone formation and cardiovascular diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:615-626. [PMID: 29559506 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of kidney stones and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing throughout the world. Both diseases are chronic and characterized by accumulation of oxidized proteins and lipids in the renal tissue and arterial wall, respectively. Emerging studies have revealed a positive association between nephrolithiasis and CVDs. Based on preclinical and clinical evidences, this review discusses: (i) stone forming risk factors, crystal nucleation, aggregation, injury-induced crystal retention, and stone formation, (ii) CVD risk factors such as dyslipidemia, perturbation of gut microbiome, obesity, free radical-induced lipoprotein oxidation, and retention in the arterial wall, subsequent foam cell formation, and atherosclerosis, (iii) mechanism by which stone forming risk factors such as oxalate, calcium, uric acid, and infection contribute toward CVDs, and (iv) how CVD risk factors, such as cholesterol, phospholipids, and uric acid, contribute to kidney stone formation are described.
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28
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Abd El-Salam M, Bastos JK, Han JJ, Previdi D, Coelho EB, Donate PM, Romero MF, Lieske J. The Synthesized Plant Metabolite 3,4,5-Tri-O-Galloylquinic Acid Methyl Ester Inhibits Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth in a Drosophila Model, Downregulates Renal Cell Surface Annexin A1 Expression, and Decreases Crystal Adhesion to Cells. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1609-1621. [PMID: 29406740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abd El-Salam
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Jing Jing Han
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Daniel Previdi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Arts and Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São
Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B. Coelho
- Department
of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São
Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo M. Donate
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Arts and Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São
Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Michael F. Romero
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - John Lieske
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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Xie H, Li J, Gao H, Wang J, Li C, Xu Y, Liu C. Total flavone of Desmodium styracifolium relieved apoptosis and autophagy of COM-induced HK-2 cells by regulating KIM-1 via p38/MAPK pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 442:169-175. [PMID: 29071538 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the mechanism of total flavone of Desmodium styracifolium (TFDS) in regulating the formation of urinary calculi. Protein levels of KIM-1, LC3-II, p-p38 were measured by Western blot. The effect of different COM concentrations, different TFDS concentrations, SB203580 (specific inhibitor of p38/MAPK), and overexpression of KIM-1 on cell viability were detected by WST-1 assay. The apoptotic cells and FITC positive cells were detected by flow cytometry. HK-2 cell viability decreased with the increase of COM concentration, and the protein levels of KIM-1, LC3-II, and p-p38 increased with the time. Blocking the p38/MAPK pathway or co-cultured with TFDS inhibited the effects of COM on apoptosis and autophagy of HK-2 cells. In addition, blocking the p38/MAPK pathway inhibited the expression of KIM-1. In COM-induced cells, after treated with SB203580, overexpression of KIM-1 could reverse the protection effect of SB203580 on COM-induced cell damage and the inhibition of SB203580 on COM-induced excessive autophagy, suggesting p38/MAPK regulated KIM-1 to regulate COM-induced cell apoptosis and autophagy. Finally, we proved that TFDS inhibited p38/MAPK pathway. And the protection effect of COM-induced cell injury increased with the increase of TFDS concentration, and the adhesion between COM and cells decreased with the increase of TFDS concentration. With the increase of the concentration of TFDS, p38/MAPK pathway was gradually inhibited, and KIM-1 and autophagy related proteins were decreased. TFDS inhibited HK-2 cell apoptosis and autophagy by regulating KIM-1 via p38/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Xie
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jie Li
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Chuanbo Li
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Urolithiasis Treatment Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.
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30
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Sun XY, Ouyang JM, Yu K. Shape-dependent cellular toxicity on renal epithelial cells and stone risk of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7250. [PMID: 28775336 PMCID: PMC5543119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal epithelial cell injury causes crystal retention and leads to renal stone formation. However, the effects of crystal shape on cell injury and stone risk remain unclear. This study compared the cytotoxicity degrees of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals having different shapes toward human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells to reveal the effect of crystal shape on cell injury and to elucidate the pathological mechanism of calcium oxalate kidney stones. The effects of exposure to cross-shaped (COD-CS), flower-like (COD-FL), bipyramid (COD-BD), and elongated-bipyramid (COD-EBD) COD crystals on HK-2 cells were investigated by examining the cell viability, cell membrane integrity, cell morphology change, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and apoptotic and/or necrotic rate. Crystals with large (100) faces (COD-EBD) and sharp edges (COD-CS) showed higher toxicity than COD-BD and COD-FL, respectively. COD crystal exposure caused cell membrane rupture, upregulated intracellular reactive oxygen, and decreased Δψm. This series of phenomena ultimately led to a high apoptotic rate and a low necrotic rate. Crystals with large active faces have a large contact area with epithelial cell surface, and crystals with sharp edges can easily scratch epithelial cells; these factors could promote crystal adhesion and aggregation, thus increasing stone risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Das RP, Singh BG, Kunwar A, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Hassan PA, Priyadarsini KI. Tuning the binding, release and cytotoxicity of hydrophobic drug by Bovine Serum Albumin nanoparticles: Influence of particle size. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:682-688. [PMID: 28783613 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the effect of particle size of albumin nanoparticles on cellular uptake of a hydrophobic drug, herein we report the release kinetics and cytotoxicity of nanoparticle bound dimethylcurcumin (DMC) in A549 tumor cells. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles were prepared by thermal denaturation and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta (ζ) -potential, circular dichroism (CD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The preparation conditions were optimized to obtain nanoparticles with mean hydrodynamic diameters 28.0nm (BSAnp1) and 52.0nm (BSAnp2) and corresponding ζ- potential value of∼-7.0 and -6.0mV, respectively. Interaction of DMC with BSA nanoparticles was investigated by UV-vis, fluorescence and CD spectroscopy. CD studies indicated significant changes in the secondary structure of BSA upon particle formation, as revealed by decrease in the helicity. The cellular uptake of DMC increased with increase in particle size and the toxicity of DMC loaded nanoparticles to A549 cells were found to be consistent with their cellular uptake. Between the two formulations studied, BSAnp2 provided enhanced cellular uptake and can be used as an effective delivery system for hydrophobic drugs like DMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Das
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - B G Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - M V Ramani
- Natsol Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Ramky commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, 531019, India
| | - G V Subbaraju
- Natsol Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Ramky commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, 531019, India
| | - P A Hassan
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - K I Priyadarsini
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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