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Waldmann AD, Rose EA, Pedro MJ. Fluid warming with parylene-coated enFlow cartridge: Bench and pilot animal study of aluminum extraction due to prolonged use. SAGE Open Med 2022; 9:20503121211026849. [PMID: 35154759 PMCID: PMC8826101 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211026849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Intravenous fluid warming devices with surface heating systems transfer heat using aluminum blocks, which if uncoated elute toxic levels of aluminum into the infusate. This study examined extractable aluminum detected from prolonged use of the updated version of the enFlow® cartridge, which uses a parylene-coated aluminum heating block. Methods: In dynamic bench tests, we measured the concentration of aluminum that leached into three solutions (Sterofundin ISO, Plasma-Lyte 148, and whole blood) that were continuously pumped (0.2 and 5.5 mL min−1) and warmed to 40°C by the enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated) for 5 h. Prolonged quasi-static bench tests measured aluminum concentration in 16 solutions which were gently rocked within the enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated) for 72 h at 40°C. Aluminum concentrations were measured using inductively coupled mass spectroscopy and matrix blank corrected. Measured aluminum concentrations were compared to a Tolerable Exposure limit to calculate Margins of Safety based on the US Food and Drug Administration maximum recommended concentration in parenteral fluids (25 μg L−1). A parallel pilot in vivo animal study was performed using mice injected with fluids warmed for 72 h by the enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated). Results: The enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated) demonstrated low toxicological risks in all tests. Sterofundin ISO resulted in the highest aluminum concentration after simulated prolonged use of the enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated) (3.11 μg device−1), which represents a 99.2% decrease from the enFlow cartridge (uncoated) and Margin of Safety of 1.7. Dynamic tests at two different flow rates with three challenge solutions resulted in concentrations less than the method detection limits (20.6 or 41.2 μg L−1) of the analysis method. The animals in the in vivo study showed no evidence of toxicity. Conclusion: Observed toxicological risk levels associated with the enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated) intravenous fluid warmer were below those set by the Food and Drug Administration and suggest that the use of enFlow cartridge (parylene-coated) is safe with a variety of intravenous solution types and in different therapeutic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward A Rose
- Department of Medical Affairs, Vyaire Medical, Mettawa, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Pedro
- Department of Medical Affairs, Vyaire Medical, Mettawa, IL, USA
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Taylor MH, Choi D, Fitzpatrick SM, Gunn KN. Characterisation of aluminium release by the enFlow® fluid‐warming system in crystalloids and blood products. Anaesthesia 2019; 74:1374-1380. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Taylor
- Department of Anaesthesia Middlemore Hospital Counties Manukau Health AucklandNew Zealand
| | - D. Choi
- Department of Anaesthesia Middlemore Hospital Counties Manukau Health AucklandNew Zealand
| | | | - K. N. Gunn
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri‐operative Medicine Auckland District Health Board Auckland New Zealand
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Magistrini M, Seguin F, Beau P, Akoka S, Le Pape A, Palmer E. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Stallion Genital Tract Fluids and Seminal Plasma: Contribution of the Accessory Sex Glands to the Ejaculate. Biol Reprod 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/52.monograph_series1.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Magistrini
- Reproduction Equine, Haras Nationaux & INRA, Station P.R.M.D., F 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - F. Seguin
- Laboratoire de Biophysique cellulaire & RMN-INSERM U316 Faculté de Medecine, F 37032 Tours Cedex, France
| | - P. Beau
- Société Spincontrol, Le Technopole 11, avenue M. Dassault, F 37200 Tours, France
| | - S. Akoka
- Laboratoire de Biophysique cellulaire & RMN-INSERM U316 Faculté de Medecine, F 37032 Tours Cedex, France
| | - A. Le Pape
- Laboratoire de Biophysique cellulaire & RMN-INSERM U316 Faculté de Medecine, F 37032 Tours Cedex, France
| | - E. Palmer
- Reproduction Equine, Haras Nationaux & INRA, Station P.R.M.D., F 37380, Nouzilly, France
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From coordination chemistry to biological chemistry of aluminium. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 128:156-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tiziani S, Lodi A, Ludwig C, Parsons HM, Viant MR. Effects of the application of different window functions and projection methods on processing of 1H J-resolved nuclear magnetic resonance spectra for metabolomics. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 610:80-8. [PMID: 18267143 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) homonuclear (1)H J-resolved (JRES) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is increasingly used in metabolomics. This approach visualises metabolite chemical shifts and scalar couplings along different spectral dimensions, thereby increasing peak dispersion and facilitating spectral assignments and accurate quantification. Here, we optimise the processing of 2D JRES spectra by evaluating different window functions, a traditional sine-bell (SINE) and a combined sine-bell-exponential (SEM) function. Furthermore, we evaluate different projection methods for generating 1D projected spectra (pJRES). Spectra were recorded from three disparate types of biological samples and evaluated in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility and resolution. Overall, the SEM window function yielded considerably higher sensitivity and comparable spectral reproducibility and resolution compared to SINE, for both 1D pJRES and 2D JRES datasets. Furthermore, for pJRES spectra, the highest spectral quality was obtained using SEM combined with skyline projection. These improvements lend further support to utilising 2D J-resolved spectroscopy in metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tiziani
- The Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Kiss T, Odani A. Demonstration of the Importance of Metal Ion Speciation in Bioactive Systems. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Krewski D, Yokel RA, Nieboer E, Borchelt D, Cohen J, Harry J, Kacew S, Lindsay J, Mahfouz AM, Rondeau V. Human health risk assessment for aluminium, aluminium oxide, and aluminium hydroxide. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2007; 10 Suppl 1:1-269. [PMID: 18085482 PMCID: PMC2782734 DOI: 10.1080/10937400701597766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krewski
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Silwood CJL, Grootveld M. Evaluation of the speciation status of aluminium(III) ions in isolated osteoarthritic knee-joint synovial fluid. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2005; 1725:327-39. [PMID: 15978730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2005] [Revised: 05/05/2005] [Accepted: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High field 1H NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that the equilibration of added Al(III) ions in osteoarthritic (OA) knee-joint synovial fluid (SF) resulted in its complexation by citrate and, to a much lesser extent, tyrosine and histidine. The ability of these ligands, together with inorganic phosphate, to compete for the available Al(III) in terms of (1) thermodynamic equilibrium constants for the formation of their complexes and (2) their SF concentrations was probed through the use of computer speciation calculations, which considered low-molecular-mass binary and ternary Al(III) species, the predominant Al(III) plasma transport protein transferrin, and also relevant hydrolysis and precipitation processes. It was found that, at relatively low added Al(III) concentrations, citrate species were more favoured, whilst phosphate species became dominant at higher levels. The significance of these findings with regard to the in vivo corrosion of aluminium-containing metal alloy joint prostheses (e.g., TiAlV alloys) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J L Silwood
- Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Engineering, Science and the Built Environment, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
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González-Estévez C, Momose T, Gehring WJ, Saló E. Transgenic planarian lines obtained by electroporation using transposon-derived vectors and an eye-specific GFP marker. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:14046-51. [PMID: 14615580 PMCID: PMC283543 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2335980100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To generate transgenic planarians we used a set of versatile vectors for animal transgenesis based on the promiscuous transposons, mariner, Hermes and piggyBac, and a universal enhanced GFP (EGFP) marker system with three Pax6 dimeric binding sites, the 3xP3-EGFP developed by Berghammer et al. [Berghammer, A. J., Klinger, M. & Wimmer, E. A. (1999) Nature 402, 370-371]. This marker is expressed specifically in the eyes of various arthropod taxa. Upon microinjection into the parenchyma of adult planarians and subsequent electroporation, these vectors transpose efficiently into the planarian genome. One of the cell types transformed are the totipotent "neoblast" stem cells present in the adults, representing 30% of total cells. The neoblast represents a unique cell type with the capacity to proliferate and to differentiate into all somatic cell types as well as into germ cells. All three transposon vectors have high transformation efficiency, but only Hermes and piggyBac show stable integration. The mariner vector is frequently lost presumably because of the presence of active mariner-type transposons in the genome of the Girardia tigrina. Transformed animals are mosaics containing both transformed and untransformed neoblasts. These differentiate to form EGFP-positive and -negative photoreceptor cells. Such mosaicism is maintained through several cycles of regeneration induced by decapitation or asexual reproduction. Transformed neoblasts also contribute to the germ line, and can give rise to pure transgenic planarian lines in which EGFP is expressed in all photoreceptor cells after sexual reproduction. The presence of the transgenes was confirmed by PCR, plasmid rescue assay, inverse PCR, and Southern blotting. Our results with the 3xP3-EGFP marker confirm the presence of Pax6 activity in the differentiated photoreceptor cells of planarian eyes. Transgenesis will be an important tool to dissect developmental molecular mechanisms in planarian regeneration, development and stem cell biology, and may also be an entry point to analyze the biology of parasitic Platyhelminthes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C González-Estévez
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Daydé S, Champmartin D, Rubini P, Berthon G. Aluminium speciation studies in biological fluids. Part 8. A quantitative investigation of Al(III)–amino acid complex equilibria and assessment of their potential implications for aluminium metabolism and toxicity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(02)01046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Berthon G. Aluminium speciation in relation to aluminium bioavailability, metabolism and toxicity. Coord Chem Rev 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(02)00021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Harris WR, Messori L. A comparative study of aluminum(III), gallium(III), indium(III), and thallium(III) binding to human serum transferrin. Coord Chem Rev 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(02)00037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Rubini P, Lakatos A, Champmartin D, Kiss T. Speciation and structural aspects of interactions of Al(III) with small biomolecules. Coord Chem Rev 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(01)00467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Daykin CA, Foxall PJD, Connor SC, Lindon JC, Nicholson JK. The comparison of plasma deproteinization methods for the detection of low-molecular-weight metabolites by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Anal Biochem 2002; 304:220-30. [PMID: 12009699 DOI: 10.1006/abio.2002.5637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood plasma is the major vehicle by which metabolites are transported around the body in mammalian species, and chemical analysis of plasma can provide a wealth of information relating to the biochemical status of an individual and is important for diagnostic purposes. However, plasma is very complex in physicochemical terms because it is composed of a range of organic and inorganic constituents with a wide range of molecular weights and chemical classes and this makes analysis non-trivial. It is now well established that high-resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy of blood plasma provides useful qualitative and quantitative biochemical information relating to metabolic disorders. However, one of the problems encountered in NMR spectroscopic analysis of blood plasma is the extensive peak overlap or presence of broad macromolecule peaks in the (1)H NMR spectrum, which can severely limit the amount of obtainable information. Even with spectroscopic editing, information relating to low-molecular-weight (MW) metabolites is frequently lost. Therefore, the efficiency of a range of conventional protein removal methods, in combination with the use of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic methods for evaluation, have been compared for the extraction of NMR-observable low-MW metabolites. It has been shown that these "deproteinization" methods vary considerably in recovery of low MW metabolites and a judicious choice is crucial for optimal extraction of a given analyte. The results presented here show that while ultrafiltration provides the "safest" method of plasma deproteinization, the signal-to-noise ratio of the resultant (1)H NMR spectra is poor. On the other hand, acetonitrile precipitation at physiological pH allows the detection of more low-MW metabolites and at higher concentrations than any other method and provides the further advantages of being a rapid and simple procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare A Daykin
- Biological Chemistry, Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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Lakatos A, Evanics F, Dombi G, Bertani R, Kiss T. Speciation of AlIII in Blood Serum − The AlIII−Citrate−Phosphate Ternary System. Eur J Inorg Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200112)2001:12<3079::aid-ejic3079>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Farina V, Tapparo A, Zedda M, Gadau S, Lepore G. Aluminum promotes neuronal plasticity events in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Neurosci Lett 2001; 312:5-8. [PMID: 11578832 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of aluminum(III) on microtubular meshwork have been investigated using cultured murine neuroblastoma cells grown in a medium containing aluminum lactate at defined metal concentrations (10-20 microM). A role of aluminum(III) in promoting neuronal plasticity events is suggested. These events including sprouting and neurite outgrowth are associated with an increased tyrosine-tubulin (Tyr-Tub) expression, which can be due to the enhanced needs of recently formed, highly dynamic microtubules typical of neuronal plasticity. After 48 and 72 h aluminum exposure, an upregulation of Tyr-Tub expression is detected and this is concentration-dependent. A high amount of Tyr-Tub is observed also in non-treated cells, although later than in aluminum-exposed cells. Thus, it is possible that aluminum(III) accelerates neuronal plasticity events, for which Tyr-Tub is confirmed to be a useful marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Farina
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Venturini-Soriano M, Berthon G. Aluminum speciation studies in biological fluids. Part 7. A quantitative investigation of aluminum(III)-malate complex equilibria and their potential implications for aluminum metabolism and toxicity. J Inorg Biochem 2001; 85:143-54. [PMID: 11410234 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(01)00206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
As a nonessential element, aluminum may be toxic at both environmental and therapeutic levels, depending on ligand interactions. Dietary acids that normally occur in fruits and vegetables and commonly serve as taste enhancers are good ligands of the Al(3+) ion. Malic acid is one of these and also one of the most predominant in food and beverages. The present paper reports an examination of its potential influence on aluminum bioavailability through speciation calculations based on Al(III)-malate complex formation constants especially determined for physiological conditions. According to the results obtained, malate appears to be extremely effective in maintaining Al(OH)(3) soluble over the whole pH range of the small intestine under normal dietary conditions. In addition, two neutral Al(III)--malate complexes are formed whose percentages are maximum from very low malate levels. When aluminum is administered therapeutically as its trihydroxide, the amount of metal neutralized by malate peaks as its solubility pH range regresses to its original limits in the absence of malate. The enhancing effect of malate towards aluminum absorption is therefore virtually independent of the aluminum level in the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of phosphate in the gastrointestinal juice is expected to limit the potential influence of malate on aluminum absorption. Under normal dietary conditions, phosphate effectively reduces the fraction of aluminum neutralized by malate but without nullifying it. Aluminum phosphate is predicted to precipitate when aluminum levels are raised as with the administration of aluminum hydroxide, but a significant amount of neutral aluminum malate still remains in solution. Even therapeutic aluminum phosphate is not totally safe in the presence of malate, even at low malate concentrations. As plasma simulations predict that no compensatory effect in favor of aluminum excretion may be expected from malate, simultaneous ingestion of malic acid with any therapeutic aluminum salt should preferably be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Venturini-Soriano
- Equipe de Chimie Bioinorganique Médicale, ICMPS-CNRS FR1744, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne (Bât. 3SC), 31062 Toulouse, France
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES In dialysis patients both aluminum (AI) and silicon (Si) may accumulate. Whereas the toxic effects of AI within this population are clearly established, little is known on the role of Si in the development/protection of particular dialysis-related diseases. A clear insight in the protein binding and speciation of trace elements is important to better understand the mechanisms underlying their toxicity/essentiality. Research in this field however is complex and often prone to analytical difficulties and inaccuracies. DESIGN AND METHODS In the first part of this review techniques used for speciation studies of AI and Si in biological fluids are discussed. Notwithstanding recent technical advances (a) extraneous metal contamination, (b) unrecognized aspecific binding of metals to proteins, and (c) unwanted interactions with separation equipment such as chromatography columns and ultrafiltration membranes remain important pitfalls and often lead to erroneous conclusions. The factors that determine the speciation of AI and Si and their ultimate tissue distribution and toxicity are dealt with in the second part. Here, experimental data obtained with various speciation techniques are linked to in vivo data on the tissue distribution, localization/toxicity of both elements. CONCLUSIONS A model in which the AI tissue distribution/toxicity is mediated by either its citrate or transferrin bound form is proposed.
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1H NMR Study of the Interaction of Aluminum(III) with Phosphatidylcholine Vesicles. J Colloid Interface Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1998.5412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Atkári K, Kiss T, Bertani R, Martin RB. Interactions of Aluminum(III) with Phosphates. Inorg Chem 1996; 35:7089-7094. [PMID: 11666891 DOI: 10.1021/ic960329e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to obtain information about aluminum(III)-phosphate interactions, potentiometric measurements were carried out to characterize the complex forming properties of Al(III) with organic phosphates, phosphonates, and nucleoside-5'-monophosphates. The aluminum(III)-orthophosphate system is difficult to study due to AlPO(4) precipitation. To overcome this problem, the stability constant logarithms of the 1:1 Al(III) complexes of ligands with the same donor groups (log K(1:1)) were plotted against the basicities of the ligands (log K(PO)3(H)). The resulting linear free energy relation (LFER) indicates that organic phosphates, phosphonates, and uridine-, thymidine-, and guanosine 5'-monophosphates similarly bind Al(III). Adenosine and cytidine 5'-monophosphate fall above the LFER owing to the presence of a second microform with the nucleic base protonated and a hydroxide bound to the Al(III). From the LFER the log stability constant for Al(III) binding to HPO(4)(2-) is estimated as 6.13 +/- 0.05. From the weakness of any soluble orthophosphate complexes of Al(III) we confirm the importance of citrate as the main small molecule Al(3+) binder in the blood serum. The study includes investigation of Al(III) binding to di- and triphosphates, which bind metal ion differently than monophosphates. Structures of the complexes were supported by (31)P NMR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Károly Atkári
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Kossuth University, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary, Centro di Studio Sulla Chimica e Tecnologia dei Compositi Metallorganici degli Elementi di Transizione, CNR, I-35131 Padova, Italy, and Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903
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Coordination chemistry of metallodrugs: insights into biological speciation from NMR spectroscopy. Coord Chem Rev 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(96)90191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Corain B, Bombi G, Tapparo A, Perazzolo M, Zatta P. Aluminium toxicity and metal speciation: established data and open questions. Coord Chem Rev 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(96)90006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tapparo A, Solda L, Bombi GG, Zambenedetti P, Zatta PF, Bertani R, Corain B. Analytical validation of a general protocol for the preparation of dose-controlled solutions in aluminum toxicology. Analyst 1995; 120:2425-9. [PMID: 7573975 DOI: 10.1039/an9952002425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Tapparo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica Metallorganica ed Analitica, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Italy
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Kubal G, Sadler PJ, Tucker A. pH-induced structural changes in human serum apotransferrin. pKa values of histidine residues and N-terminal amino group determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1994; 220:781-7. [PMID: 8143732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The binding of apotransferrin (80 kDa) to the transferrin receptor is known to be highly pH-dependent. We have investigated pH-induced structural changes in human serum apotransferrin over the pH* (meter reading in D2O solutions) range 2.5-11 using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The pKa values of 14 (possibly 15) of the 19 His residues in the protein have been determined as well as that of the terminal amino group (Val1, 7.75). About eight His residues deprotonate when the pH* is raised from the endosomal value of about 5.5 to the blood plasma value (7.4). Four His residues have pKa < 6. Sharp discontinuities in the His titration curves were observed below pH 4.3 and at pH 3.5 molten globule states were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kubal
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University of London, England
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