1
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Li F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Current State and Future Perspectives of Printable Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307161. [PMID: 37828582 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic technology presents a sustainable solution to address the escalating global energy consumption and a reliable strategy for achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. Emerging photovoltaic technologies, especially the printable organic and perovskite solar cells, have attracted extensive attention due to their rapidly transcending power conversion efficiencies and facile processability, providing great potential to revolutionize the global photovoltaic market. To accelerate these technologies to translate from the laboratory scale to the industrial level, it is critical to develop well-defined and scalable protocols to deposit high-quality thin films of photoactive and charge-transporting materials. Herein, the current state of printable organic and perovskite solar cells is summarized and the view regarding the challenges and prospects toward their commercialization is shared. Different printing techniques are first introduced to provide a correlation between material properties and printing mechanisms, and the optimization of ink formulation and film-formation during large-area deposition of different functional layers in devices are then discussed. Engineering perspectives are also discussed to analyze the criteria for module design. Finally, perspectives are provided regarding the future development of these solar cells toward practical commercialization. It is believed that this perspective will provide insight into the development of printable solar cells and other electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
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2
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Tang H, Bai Y, Zhao H, Qin X, Hu Z, Zhou C, Huang F, Cao Y. Interface Engineering for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2212236. [PMID: 36867581 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have made dramatic advancements during the past decades owing to the innovative material design and device structure optimization, with power conversion efficiencies surpassing 19% and 20% for single-junction and tandem devices, respectively. Interface engineering, by modifying interface properties between different layers for OSCs, has become a vital part to promote the device efficiency. It is essential to elucidate the intrinsic working mechanism of interface layers, as well as the related physical and chemical processes that manipulate device performance and long-term stability. In this article, the advances in interface engineering aimed to pursue high-performance OSCs are reviewed. The specific functions and corresponding design principles of interface layers are summarized first. Then, the anode interface layer, cathode interface layer in single-junction OSCs, and interconnecting layer of tandem devices are discussed in separate categories, and the interface engineering-related improvements on device efficiency and stability are analyzed. Finally, the challenges and prospects associated with application of interface engineering are discussed with the emphasis on large-area, high-performance, and low-cost device manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Tang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xudong Qin
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
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3
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Stein E, Nahor O, Stolov M, Freger V, Petruta IM, McCulloch I, Frey GL. Ambipolar blend-based organic electrochemical transistors and inverters. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5548. [PMID: 36137998 PMCID: PMC9500051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CMOS-like circuits in bioelectronics translate biological to electronic signals using organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) based on organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs). Ambipolar OECTs can reduce the complexity of circuit fabrication, and in bioelectronics have the major advantage of detecting both cations and anions in one device, which further expands the prospects for diagnosis and sensing. Ambipolar OMIECs however, are scarce, limited by intricate materials design and complex synthesis. Here we demonstrate that judicious selection of p- and n-type materials for blend-based OMIECs offers a simple and tunable approach for the fabrication of ambipolar OECTs and corresponding circuits. These OECTs show high transconductance and excellent stability over multiple alternating polarity cycles, with ON/OFF ratios exceeding 103 and high gains in corresponding inverters. This work presents a simple and versatile new paradigm for the fabrication of ambipolar OMIECs and circuits with little constraints on materials design and synthesis and numerous possibilities for tunability and optimization towards higher performing bioelectronic applications. Ambipolar organic electrochemical transistors simplify bioelectronics circuitry but are challenging due to complicated material design and synthesis. Here, the authors demonstrate that p- and n-type blends offer a simple and tuneable approach for the fabrication of ambipolar devices and circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Stein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Oded Nahor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Mikhail Stolov
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Viatcheslav Freger
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Iuliana Maria Petruta
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gitti L Frey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
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4
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Sun W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sun B, Zhang Z, Xiao M, Li X, Huo Y, Xin J, Zhu Q, Ma W, Zhang H. A Cathode Interface Layer Based on 4,5,9,10‐Pyrene Diimide for Highly Efficient Binary Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208383. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ze‐Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ming‐Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qinglian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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5
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Powell D, Whittaker-Brooks L. Concepts and principles of self-n-doping in perylene diimide chromophores for applications in biochemistry, energy harvesting, energy storage, and catalysis. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2026-2052. [PMID: 35670455 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-doping is an essential method of increasing carrier concentrations in organic electronics that eliminates the need to tailor host-dopant miscibility, a necessary step when employing molecular dopants. Self-n-doping can be accomplished using amines or ammonium counterions as an electron source, which are being incorporated into an ever-increasingly diverse range of organic materials spanning many applications. Self-n-doped materials have demonstrated exemplary and, in many cases, benchmark performances in a variety of applications. However, an in-depth review of the method is lacking. Perylene diimide (PDI) chromophores are an important mainstay in the semiconductor literature with well-known structure-function characteristics and are also one of the most widely utilized scaffolds for self-n-doping. In this review, we describe the unique properties of self-n-doped PDIs, delineate structure-function relationships, and discuss self-n-doped PDI performance in a range of applications. In particular, the impact of amine/ammonium incorporation into the PDI scaffold on doping efficiency is reviewed with regard to attachment mode, tether distance, counterion selection, and steric encumbrance. Self-n-doped PDIs are a unique set of PDI structural derivatives whose properties are amenable to a broad range of applications such as biochemistry, solar energy conversion, thermoelectric modules, batteries, and photocatalysis. Finally, we discuss challenges and the future outlook of self-n-doping principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA.
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6
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Sun WJ, Wang YT, Zhang Y, Sun B, Zhang ZQ, Xiao MJ, Li XY, Huo Y, Zhu Q, Xin J, Ma W, Zhang HL. A Cathode Interface Layer Based on 4, 5, 9, 10‐Pyrene Diimide for Highly Efficient Binary Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Sun
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Bing Sun
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ze-Qi Zhang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ming-Jun Xiao
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiang-Yang Li
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yong Huo
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Qinglian Zhu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Jingming Xin
- Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Wei Ma
- Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University 222 Tianshui South Road 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
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7
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Scaccabarozzi AD, Basu A, Aniés F, Liu J, Zapata-Arteaga O, Warren R, Firdaus Y, Nugraha MI, Lin Y, Campoy-Quiles M, Koch N, Müller C, Tsetseris L, Heeney M, Anthopoulos TD. Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4420-4492. [PMID: 34793134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials with high electrical conductivity, paving the way for the pioneering work on pristine organic semiconductors (OSCs) and their eventual use in a plethora of applications. Despite this early trend, however, recent strides in the field of organic electronics have been made hand in hand with the development and use of dopants to the point that are now ubiquitous. Here, we give an overview of all important advances in the area of doping of organic semiconductors and their applications. We first review the relevant literature with particular focus on the physical processes involved, discussing established mechanisms but also newly proposed theories. We then continue with a comprehensive summary of the most widely studied dopants to date, placing particular emphasis on the chemical strategies toward the synthesis of molecules with improved functionality. The processing routes toward doped organic films and the important doping-processing-nanostructure relationships, are also discussed. We conclude the review by highlighting how doping can enhance the operating characteristics of various organic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto D Scaccabarozzi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aniruddha Basu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Filip Aniés
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Osnat Zapata-Arteaga
- Materials Science Institute of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ross Warren
- Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuliar Firdaus
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center for Electronics and Telecommunication, Indonesian Institute of Science, Jalan Sangkuriang Komplek LIPI Building 20 level 4, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Insan Nugraha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuanbao Lin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariano Campoy-Quiles
- Materials Science Institute of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Norbert Koch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Kekulé-Strasse 5, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Tsetseris
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Athens GR-15780, Greece
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Wu S, Li Z, Li MQ, Diao Y, Lin F, Liu T, Zhang J, Tieu P, Gao W, Qi F, Pan X, Xu Z, Zhu Z, Jen AKY. 2D metal-organic framework for stable perovskite solar cells with minimized lead leakage. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:934-940. [PMID: 32958933 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the notable progress in perovskite solar cells, maintaining long-term operational stability and minimizing potentially leaked lead (Pb2+) ions are two challenges that are yet to be resolved. Here we address these issues using a thiol-functionalized 2D conjugated metal-organic framework as an electron-extraction layer at the perovskite/cathode interface. The resultant devices exhibit high power conversion efficiency (22.02%) along with a substantially improved long-term operational stability. The perovskite solar cell modified with a metal-organic framework could retain more than 90% of its initial efficiency under accelerated testing conditions, that is continuous light irradiation at maximum power point tracking for 1,000 h at 85 °C. More importantly, the functionalized metal-organic framework could capture most of the Pb2+ leaked from the degraded perovskite solar cells by forming water-insoluble solids. Therefore, this method that simultaneously tackles the operational stability and lead contamination issues in perovskite solar cells could greatly improve the feasibility of large-scale deployment of perovskite photovoltaic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Mu-Qing Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, China
| | - Yingxue Diao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Peter Tieu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Wenpei Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhengtao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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9
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Maeda A, Nakauchi A, Shimizu Y, Terai K, Sugii S, Hayashi H, Aratani N, Suzuki M, Yamada H. A Windmill-Shaped Molecule with Anthryl Blades to Form Smooth Hole-Transport Layers via a Photoprecursor Approach. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2316. [PMID: 32443467 PMCID: PMC7287758 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of high-performance organic semiconductor devices requires precise control over the active-layer structure. To this end, we are working on the controlled deposition of small-molecule semiconductors through a photoprecursor approach wherein a soluble precursor compound is processed into a thin-film form and then converted to a target semiconductor by light irradiation. This approach can be applied to layer-by-layer solution deposition, enabling the preparation of p-i-n-type photovoltaic active layers by wet processing. However, molecular design principles are yet to be established toward obtaining desirable thin-film morphology via this unconventional method. Herein, we evaluate a new windmill-shaped molecule with anthryl blades, 1,3,5-tris(5-(anthracen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)benzene, which is designed to deposit via the photoprecursor approach for use as the p-sublayer in p-i-n-type organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs). The new compound is superior to the corresponding precedent p-sublayer materials in terms of forming smooth and homogeneous films, thereby leading to improved performance of p-i-n OPVs. Overall, this work demonstrates the effectiveness of the windmill-type architecture in preparing high-quality semiconducting thin films through the photoprecursor approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Maeda
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Aki Nakauchi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Kengo Terai
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Shuhei Sugii
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (A.M.); (A.N.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (H.H.); (N.A.)
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10
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Gu Y, Liu Y, Russell TP. Fullerene‐Based Interlayers for Breaking Energy Barriers in Organic Solar Cells. Chempluschem 2020; 85:751-759. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Polymer Science and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
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11
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Chen M, Yin K, Zhang G, Liu H, Ning B, Dai Y, Wang X, Li H, Hao J. Magnetic and Biocompatible Fullerenol/Fe(III) Microcapsules with Antioxidant Activities. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:358-368. [PMID: 35019452 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fullerene C60 (refers to C60 hereafter) has a unique three-dimensional architecture and intriguing physicochemical properties. It has great potential applications in materials chemistry and life science. However, a big obstacle for the widespread application of C60 lies in the limited strategies to make supramolecular structures with diverse morphologies and functions. Herein, we report a strategy to prepare C60-based, magnetic microcapsules which can be used as external antioxidants to effectively attenuate oxidative stress. The microcapsules are composed of fullerenol, a highly water-soluble C60 multiadduct, and iron ions (Fe3+) released from a rusty nail. They can be easily obtained through coordination between the hydrophilic functional groups in fullerenol and Fe3+ with polystyrene microspheres as templates. The fullerenol/Fe3+ microcapsules have good colloidal stability both in water and serum. Their biocompatibility has been confirmed by in vitro tests on HEK293 and Hela cells. Electron spin resonance measurements indicate that the fullerenol/Fe3+ microcapsules can effectively scavenge hydroxyl radicals (OH·-) produced by H2O2, which greatly improves the living environment of the cells. The fullerenol/Fe3+ microcapsules exhibit ferromagnetic properties and can respond to the external magnetic field, enabling magnetic manipulation, and/or separation in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China.,School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Keyang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Geping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Huizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bo Ning
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Youyong Dai
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
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12
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Wu H, Fan H, Liu W, Chen S, Yang C, Ye L, Ade H, Zhu X. Conjugation-Curtailing of Benzodithionopyran-Cored Molecular Acceptor Enables Efficient Air-Processed Small Molecule Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902656. [PMID: 31513342 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule solar cells (SMSCs) lag a long way behind polymer solar cells. A key limit is the less controllable morphology of small molecule materials, which can be aggravated when incorporating anisotropic nonfullerene acceptors. To fine-tune the blending morphology within SMSCs, a π-conjunction curtailing design is applied, which produces a efficient benzodithionopyran-cored molecular acceptor for nonfullerene SMSCs (NF-SMSCs). When blended with a molecular donor BDT3TR-SF to fabricate NF-SMSCs, the π-conjunction curtailed molecular acceptor NBDTP-M obtains an optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 10.23%, which is much higher than that of NBDTTP-M of longer π-conjunction. It retains 93% of the PCE of devices fabricated in a glove box when all spin-coating and post-treating procedures are conducted in ambient air with relative humidity of 25%, which suggests the good air-processing capability of π-conjunction curtailed molecules. Detailed X-ray scattering investigations indicate that the BDT3TR-SF:NBDTP-M blend exhibits a blend morphology featuring fine interpenetrating networks with smaller domains and higher phase purity, which results in more efficient charge generation, more balanced charge transport, and less recombination compared to the low-performance BDT3TR-SF:NBDTTP-M blend. This work provides a guideline for molecular acceptors' design toward efficient, low-cost, air-processed NF-SMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haijun Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wuyue Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea
| | - Long Ye
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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13
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Li W, Liu W, Zhang X, Yan D, Liu F, Zhan C. Quaternary Solar Cells with 12.5% Efficiency Enabled with Non‐Fullerene and Fullerene Acceptor Guests to Improve Open Circuit Voltage and Film Morphology. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900353. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Normal University Huhhot 010022 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenxu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Electronic Materials and DevicesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Normal University Huhhot 010022 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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14
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Yan K, Li C. Solution‐Processable Conductive Organics via Anion‐Induced n‐Doping and Their Applications in Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangrong Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Chang‐Zhi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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15
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Yan D, Xin J, Li W, Liu S, Wu H, Ma W, Yao J, Zhan C. 13%-Efficiency Quaternary Polymer Solar Cell with Nonfullerene and Fullerene as Mixed Electron Acceptor Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:766-773. [PMID: 30525389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report 13%-efficiency quaternary polymer solar cell. By introducing bis-PC71BM:PC71BM into a known nonfullerene system-poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl))benzo[1,2- b:4,5- b']dithiophene)- co-(1,3-di(5-thiophene-2-yl)-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2- c:4,5- c']dithiophene-4,8-dione):3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone-methyl))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4- n-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3 d:2',3' d']- s-indaceno[1,2 b:5,6 b']dithiophene (PBDB-T:IT-M), the quaternary solar cell significantly outperforms the nonfullerene binary and the ternary (PBDB-T:IT-M:fullerene) devices with a significant increase in the short-circuit current-density (18.2 vs 16.5 and 16.8-17.5 mA/cm2) and the fill factor (0.73 vs 0.67 and 0.707-0.726), and hence, large power conversion efficiency (13% for quaternary vs 11% for the binary and 12% for the ternary). Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering data indicate that both the polymer and IT-M phase crystallinity becomes greater upon introduction of PC71BM as the forth additive into the host ternary PBDB-T:IT-M:bis-PC71BM, which results in an increase in both the electron and hole mobilities, contributing to the Jsc enhancement. Our results indicate that the use of the forth fullerene component provides more choices and more mechanisms than the ternary systems for tuning the photon-to-electron conversion; therefore, sheds light on the realization of high-efficiency polymer solar cells by designing the multiacceptor components with aligned energy levels, complementary absorption spectra, and improved film morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Weiping Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Sha Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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16
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Zhou S, Zhu T, Zheng L, Zhang D, Xu W, Liu L, Cheng G, Zheng J, Gong X. A zwitterionic polymer as an interfacial layer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:30317-30324. [PMID: 35530197 PMCID: PMC9072107 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04907j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have been rapidly developed in the past ten years. It was demonstrated that the interfacial layer plays an important role in device performance of perovskite solar cells. In this study, we report utilization of a photoinitiation-crosslinked zwitterionic polymer, namely dextran with carboxybetaine modified by methacrylate (Dex-CB-MA), as an interfacial layer to improve the film morphology of the CH3NH3PbI3 photoactive layer and the interfacial contact between the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole extraction layer and CH3NH3PbI3 photoactive layer. It is found that the Dex-CB-MA thin layer forms a better band alignment between the PEDOT:PSS hole extraction layer and CH3NH3PbI3 photoactive layer, and improves the crystallization of the CH3NH3PbI3 photoactive layer, resulting in efficient charge carrier transport. As a result, perovskite solar cells with the PEDOT:PSS/Dex-CB-MA hole extraction layer exhibit more than 30% enhancement in efficiency and dramatically boosted stability as compared with that with the PEDOT:PSS hole extraction layer. Our studies provide an effective and facile way to fabricate stable perovskite solar cells with high power conversion efficiency. The zwitterionic polymer, Dex-CB-MA thin layer forms a better band alignment between the PEDOT:PSS hole extraction layer and CH3NH3PbI3 photoactive layer, and improve the crystallization of CH3NH3PbI3 photoactive layer, resulting in efficient charge carrier transport.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyuan Zhou
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Luyao Zheng
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Wenzhan Xu
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Xiong Gong
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
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17
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Gupta M, Yan D, Yao J, Zhan C. Organophosphorus Derivatives as Cathode Interfacial-Layer Materials for Highly Efficient Fullerene-Free Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:35896-35903. [PMID: 30260622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Roles of cathode interfacial layer (CIL) for low work function metal cathode, which influences significantly the electron extraction and transport processes, are in current trends for improvement in the organic solar cell (OSC) performance. Two organophosphorus derivatives tetraphenylphosphonium bromide (QPhPBr) and ((2-(1,3-dioxan-2-yl)ethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide) (TPhPEtBr) as CILs individually and with mixed binary layer with N719 were demonstrated. Tremendous improvement in photovoltaic performance with QPhPBr with an average power conversion efficiency, PCE, of 11.08% and TPhPEtBr with PCE of 10.20% as well as their binary layers with 11.61 and 10.74%, respectively, has been achieved using the PBDBT:ITIC blend active layer, in comparison to that of the bare Al cathode (7.37%). The maximum PCE of 12.0% is achieved with QPhPBr:N719 as the CIL, which is the highest value reported in the literature to date for PBDB-T:ITIC-based single junction binary fullerene-free OSCs, suggesting the potential of ionic organophosphorus derivatives and their binary blended mixtures with an ionic n-type organic semiconductor such as N719 used as CILs for realizing high-efficiency fullerene-free OSCs. Their efficient performance would be helpful for potential selection of CILs in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Dong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
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18
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Xue R, Zhang J, Li Y, Li Y. Organic Solar Cell Materials toward Commercialization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801793. [PMID: 30106505 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs) have received considerable attention with significant progress recently and offer a promising outlook for portable energy resources and building-integrated photovoltaics in the future. Now, it is urgent to promote the research of OSCs toward their commercialization. For the commercial application of OSCs, it is of great importance to develop high performance, high stability, and low cost photovoltaic materials. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the fundamental requirements of photoactive layer materials and interface layer materials toward commercialization is provided, mainly focusing on high performance, green manufacturing, simplifying device fabrication processes, stability, and cost issues. Furthermore, the perspectives and opportunities for this emerging field of materials science and engineering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongming Xue
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yaowen Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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19
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Li W, Yan D, Liu F, Russell T, Zhan C, Yao J. High-efficiency quaternary polymer solar cells enabled with binary fullerene additives to reduce nonfullerene acceptor optical band gap and improve carriers transport. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Suzuki M, Yamaguchi Y, Uchinaga K, Takahira K, Quinton C, Yamamoto S, Nagami N, Furukawa M, Nakayama KI, Yamada H. A photochemical layer-by-layer solution process for preparing organic semiconducting thin films having the right material at the right place. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6614-6621. [PMID: 30310593 PMCID: PMC6115635 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild and versatile solution process enables the controlled preparation of multicomponent organic small-molecule thin films.
The synergistic action of properly integrated semiconducting materials can bring about sophisticated electronic processes and functions. However, it is often a great challenge to achieve optimal performance in organic devices because of the limited control over the distribution of different materials in active layers. Here, we employ a unique photoreaction-based layer-by-layer solution process for preparing ternary organic photovoltaic layers. This process is applicable to a variety of compounds from wide-band-gap small molecules to narrow-band-gap π-extended systems, and enables the preparation of multicomponent organic semiconducting thin films having the right compound at the right place. The resulting ternary photovoltaic devices afford high internal quantum efficiencies, leading to an approximately two times higher power-conversion efficiency as compared to the corresponding binary bulk-heterojunction system. This work opens up new possibilities in designing materials and active layers for solution-processed organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
| | - Yuji Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Device Engineering , Yamagata University , Yonezawa , Yamagata 992-8510 , Japan
| | - Kensuke Uchinaga
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
| | - Katsuya Takahira
- Department of Organic Device Engineering , Yamagata University , Yonezawa , Yamagata 992-8510 , Japan
| | - Cassandre Quinton
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
| | - Shinpei Yamamoto
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
| | - Naoto Nagami
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
| | - Mari Furukawa
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakayama
- Department of Organic Device Engineering , Yamagata University , Yonezawa , Yamagata 992-8510 , Japan.,Department of Material and Life Science , Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan, E-mail:
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan . ;
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21
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Matsuo Y, Okada H, Kondo Y, Jeon I, Wang H, Yu Y, Matsushita T, Yanai M, Ikuta T. Anthracene-Based Organic Small-Molecule Electron-Injecting Material for Inverted Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:11810-11817. [PMID: 29485261 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A diphenylanthracene dimethylamine derivative (9-{3,5-di( N, N-dimethylaminoethoxy)phenyl}-10-phenyl-anthracene, DPAMA) was synthesized by the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Its ammonium salt, 9-{3,5-di(trimethylammonium ethoxy)phenyl}-10-phenyl-anthracene dichloride (DPAMA-Cl), was also synthesized as a reference material. DPAMA was characterized by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, photoelectron yield spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to evaluate the work function-modifying ability of DPAMA on indium tin oxide (ITO) and ZnO. The work functions of ITO and ZnO changed from 4.4 and 4.0 eV (pristine) to 3.8 and 3.9 eV, respectively. Using this surface modification effect of DPAMA, inverted organic light-emitting diodes were fabricated with device structures of ITO/DPAMA/Alq3/NPD/MoO3/Al (Alq3 = tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum; NPD = N, N'-di-[(1-naphthyl)- N, N'-diphenyl]-1,1'-(biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine) and ITO/ZnO/DPAMA/Alq3/NPD/MoO3/Al. Both devices showed good performance at the range of current density, 1-300 mA/cm2. The best inverted organic light-emitting diodes device showed luminance of 7720 cd/m2, current efficiency of 4.51 cd/A, and external quantum efficiency of 1.45%. Also, poly(3-hexylthiophene):mixed phenyl-C61 and C71 butyric acid methyl ester-based organic solar cells using DPAMA and DPAMA-Cl as electron-transporting materials showed power conversion efficiencies of 3.3 and 3.4%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8565 , Japan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8565 , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondo
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation , 5-1 Goikaigan , Ichihara , Chiba 290-8551 , Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8565 , Japan
| | - Huan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Yun Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Takeshi Matsushita
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation , 5-1 Goikaigan , Ichihara , Chiba 290-8551 , Japan
| | - Motoki Yanai
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation , 5-1 Goikaigan , Ichihara , Chiba 290-8551 , Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ikuta
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation , 5-1 Goikaigan , Ichihara , Chiba 290-8551 , Japan
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Wang C, Luo Y, Zheng J, Liu L, Xie Z, Huang F, Yang B, Ma Y. Spontaneous Interfacial Dipole Orientation Effect of Acetic Acid Solubilized PFN. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10270-10279. [PMID: 29512383 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly[(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-fluorene)- alt-(9,9-bis(3'-( N, N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)] (PFN) is a very important interfacial modifier in organic photovoltaic and organic light-emitting diodes to improve device performance, where their molecular dipole has been regarded to play a key role. In this work, we have reported a spontaneous interfacial dipole orientation effect in acetic acid dissolved PFN, which is strongly related to the interfacial dipole and the corresponding device performance. In direct spin-coating, the interfacial dipole is 1.08 Debye with interfacial contact angle 84.8°, whereas after self-assembly of 10 min, the interfacial dipole is balanced at 4.21 Debye, with the interfacial contact angle decreasing to 76.8°. Without strong interaction with the substrate, the energy of upward amine groups is much lower than that of downward ones in theoretical simulation, which would be the driving force of this spontaneous process. The preferred conformations of PFN molecules on hydroxylated substrates have over 99% amine groups outward, and the theoretical average dipole calculated from the weight of these conformations is 4.48 Debye, which is close to the experimental result and indicates a high ratio of upward amine groups in self-assembled films. This effect obviously changes the device performance, such as an obvious positive threshold voltage shift in transistors and a distinct increase of the short-circuit current/open-circuit voltage in organic solar cells. This effect provides a deeper understanding of the PFN interlayer mechanism and has potential application in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Yinqi Luo
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Jieming Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
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23
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Liu W, Li W, Yao J, Zhan C. Achieving high short-circuit current and fill-factor via increasing quinoidal character on nonfullerene small molecule acceptor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Efficient Polymer Solar Cells with Alcohol-Soluble Zirconium(IV) Isopropoxide Cathode Buffer Layer. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Zhu Z, Chueh CC, Li N, Mao C, Jen AKY. Realizing Efficient Lead-Free Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Perovskite Solar Cells via a Sequential Deposition Route. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1703800. [PMID: 29250846 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the evolved intermediate phase based on iodoplumbate anions that mediates perovskite crystallization has been embodied as the Lewis acid-base adduct formed by metal halides (serve as Lewis acid) and polar aprotic solvents (serve as Lewis base). Based on this principle, it is proposed to constitute efficient Lewis acid-base adduct in the SnI2 deposition step to modulate its volume expansion and fast reaction with methylammonium iodide (MAI)/formamidinium iodide (FAI) (FAI is studied hereafter). Herein, trimethylamine (TMA) is employed as the additional Lewis base in the tin halide solution to form SnY2 -TMA complexes (Y = I- , F- ) in the first-step deposition, followed by intercalating with FAI to convert into FASnI. It is shown that TMA can facilitate homogeneous film formation of a SnI2 (+SnF2 ) layer by effectively forming intermediate SnY2 -TMA complexes. Meanwhile, its relatively larger size and weaker affinity with SnI2 than FA+ ions will facilitate the intramolecular exchange with FA+ ions, thereby enabling the formation of dense and compact FASnI3 film with large crystalline domain (>1 µm). As a result, high power conversion efficiencies of 4.34% and 7.09% with decent stability are successfully accomplished in both conventional and inverted perovskite solar cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chengyi Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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26
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Wang R, Guo Y, Zhang D, Zhou H, Zhao D, Zhang Y. Improved Electron Transport with Reduced Contact Resistance in N-Doped Polymer Field-Effect Transistors with a Dimeric Dopant. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1700726. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- School of Chemistry; Beihang University; No. 37 Xueyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yikun Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; No. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100871 China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; No. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100871 China
| | - Huiqiong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; No. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry; Beihang University; No. 37 Xueyuan Road Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
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27
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Yan K, Liu ZX, Li X, Chen J, Chen H, Li CZ. Conductive fullerene surfactants via anion doping as cathode interlayers for efficient organic and perovskite solar cells. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00788h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conductive fullerenes, with mild solution-processing capabilities, are developed as electron transporting materials for efficient organic and perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangrong Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Zhi-Xi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Xue Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Jiehuan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
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28
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Govaerts S, Kesters J, Defour M, Van Mele B, Penxten H, Neupane S, Renner FU, Lutsen L, Vanderzande D, Maes W. Conjugated ionic (co)polythiophene-based cathode interlayers for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Wang Q, Chueh CC, Zhao T, Cheng J, Eslamian M, Choy WCH, Jen AKY. Effects of Self-Assembled Monolayer Modification of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Layer on the Performance and Application of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3794-3803. [PMID: 28881441 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Entirely low-temperature solution-processed (≤100 °C) planar p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer great potential for commercialization of roll-to-roll fabricated photovoltaic devices. However, the stable inorganic hole-transporting layer (HTL) in PSCs is usually processed at high temperature (200-500 °C), which is far beyond the tolerant temperature (≤150 °C) of roll-to-roll fabrication. In this context, inorganic NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) are an excellent candidate to serve as the HTL in PSCs, owing to their excellent solution processability at room temperature. However, the low-temperature processing condition is usually accompanied with defect formation, which deteriorates the film quality and device efficiency to a large extent. To suppress this setback, we used a series of benzoic acid selfassembled monolayers (SAMs) to passivate the surface defects of the NiOx NPs and found that 4-bromobenzoic acid could effectively play the role of the surface passivation. This SAM layer reduces the trap-assisted recombination, minimizes the energy offset between the NiOx NPs and perovskite, and changes the HTL surface wettability, thus enhancing the perovskite crystallization, resulting in more stable PSCs with enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.4 %, exceeding the control device PCE (15.5 %). Also, we incorporated the above-mentioned SAMs into flexible PSCs (F-PSCs) and achieved one of the highest PCE of 16.2 % on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with a remarkable power-per-weight of 26.9 W g-1 . This facile interfacial engineering method offers great potential for the large-scale manufacturing and commercialization of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Morteza Eslamian
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR China
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30
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Zuo L, Yu J, Shi X, Lin F, Tang W, Jen AKY. High-Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with a Parallel Tandem Configuration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28692752 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a highly efficient parallel connected tandem solar cell utilizing a nonfullerene acceptor is demonstrated. Guided by optical simulation, each of the active layer thicknesses of subcells are tuned to maximize its light trapping without spending intense effort to match photocurrent. Interestingly, a strong optical microcavity with dual oscillation centers is formed in a back subcell, which further enhances light absorption. The parallel tandem device shows an improved photon-to-electron response over the range between 450 and 800 nm, and a high short-circuit current density (J SC ) of 17.92 mA cm-2 . In addition, the subcells show high fill factors due to reduced recombination loss under diluted light intensity. These merits enable an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >10% for this tandem cell, which represents a ≈15% enhancement compared to the optimal single-junction device. Further application of the designed parallel tandem configuration to more efficient single-junction cells enable a PCE of >11%, which is the highest efficiency among all parallel connected organic solar cells (OSCs). This work stresses the importance of employing a parallel tandem configuration for achieving efficient light harvesting in nonfullerene-based OSCs. It provides a useful strategy for exploring the ultimate performance of organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Zuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jiangsheng Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Weihua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, HK, 999077, P. R. China
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31
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Chakravarthi N, Aryal UK, Gunasekar K, Park HY, Gal YS, Cho YR, Yoo SI, Song M, Jin SH. Triazine-based Polyelectrolyte as an Efficient Cathode Interfacial Material for Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:24753-24762. [PMID: 28658571 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel polyelectrolyte containing triazine (TAZ) and benzodithiophene (BDT) scaffolds with polar phosphine oxide (P═O) and quaternary ammonium ions as pendant groups, respectively, in the polymer backbone (PBTAZPOBr) was synthesized to use it as a cathode interfacial layer (CIL) for polymer solar cell (PSC) application. Owing to the high electron affinity of the TAZ unit and P═O group, PBTAZPOBr could behave as an effective electron transport material. Due to the polar quaternary ammonium and P═O groups, the interfacial dipole moment created by PBTAZPOBr substantially reduced the work function of the metal cathode to afford better energy alignment in the device, thus enabling electron extraction and reducing recombination of excitons at the photoactive layer/cathode interface. Consequently, the PSC devices based on the poly[4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-ethylhexyl-3-fluorothithieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate-4,6-diyl]:[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PC71BM) system with PBTAZPOBr as CIL displayed simultaneously enhanced open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor, whereas the power conversion efficiency increased from 5.42% to 8.04% compared to that of the pristine Al device. The outstanding performance of PBTAZPOBr is attributed not only to the polar pendant groups of BDT unit but also to the TAZ unit linked with the P═O group of PBTAZPOBr, demonstrating that functionalized TAZ building blocks are very promising cathode interfacial materials (CIMs). The design strategy proposed in this work will be helpful to develop more efficient CIMs for high performance PSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yeong-Soon Gal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, College of Engineering, Kyungil University , Gyeongsan 712-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seong Il Yoo
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University , Sinseon-ro 365, Busan 608-739, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungkwan Song
- Advanced Functional Thin Films Department, Surface Technology Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science , 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam 642-831, Republic of Korea
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32
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Ciro J, Mesa S, Uribe JI, Mejía-Escobar MA, Ramirez D, Montoya JF, Betancur R, Yoo HS, Park NG, Jaramillo F. Optimization of the Ag/PCBM interface by a rhodamine interlayer to enhance the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:9440-9446. [PMID: 28660942 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01678f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective control of the interface between the metal cathode and the electron transport layer (ETL) is critical for achieving high performance p-i-n planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Several organic molecules have been explored as interlayers between the silver (Ag) electrode and the ETL for the improvement in the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-i-n planar PSCs. However, the role of these organic molecules in the charge transfer at the metal/ETL interface and the chemical degradation processes of PSCs has not yet been fully understood. In this work, we systematically explore the effects of the interfacial modification of the Ag/ETL interface on PSCs using rhodamine 101 as a model molecule. By the insertion of rhodamine 101 as an interlayer between Ag and fullerene derivatives (PC60BM and PC70BM) ETLs improve the PCE as well as the stability of p-i-n planar PSCs. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization reveals that rhodamine passivates the defects at the PCBM layer and reduces the band bending at the PCBM surface. In consequence, charge transfer from the PCBM towards the Ag electrode is enhanced leading to an increased fill factor (FF) resulting in a PCE up to 16.6%. Moreover, rhodamine acts as a permeation barrier hindering the penetration of moisture towards the perovskite layer as well as preventing the chemical interaction of perovskite with the Ag electrode. Interestingly, the work function of the metal cathode remains more stable due to the rhodamine incorporation. Consequently, a better alignment between the quasi-Fermi level of PCBM and the Ag work function is achieved minimizing the energy barrier for charge extraction. This work contributes to reveal the relevance of proper interfacial engineering at the metal-cathode/organic-semiconductor interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ciro
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales - CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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33
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Houston JE, Richeter S, Clément S, Evans RC. Molecular design of interfacial layers based on conjugated polythiophenes for polymer and hybrid solar cells. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Houston
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Garching Germany
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Rachel C Evans
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
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34
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Chen G, Yang W, Zhang B. Synthesis and optical and electrochemical properties of a bispyrimidinium-dibenzothiophene- S , S -dioxide - based cationic conjugated polymer. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Feng H, Li M, Ni W, Kan B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wan X, Chen Y. A series of dithienobenzodithiophene based small molecules for highly efficient organic solar cells. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-0461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Chen G, Liu S, Xu J, He R, He Z, Wu HB, Yang W, Zhang B, Cao Y. Dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide and Bispyridinium-Based Cationic Polyfluorene Derivative as an Efficient Cathode Modifier for Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:4778-4787. [PMID: 28106362 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel n-type conjugated polymer containing dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide (FSO), bispyridinium, and fluorene scaffolds in the backbone (PFSOPyCl) was synthesized and used in the cathode interfacial layers (CILs) of conventional polymer solar cells (PSCs). The high electron affinities and large planar structures of the FSO and bispyridinium units endowed this polymer with good energy level alignments with [6,6]-phenyl-C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) and metal cathode, and excellent electron transport and extraction properties. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on the poly[N-9″-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT):PC71BM system with PFSOPyCl CIL exhibited simultaneous enhancement in open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and fill factor (FF), while the power conversion efficiency increased from 5.47% to 6.79%, relative to the bare Al device. Besides, PSC based on the poly[4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithio-phene-2,6-diyl-alt-ethylhexyl-3-fluorothithieno [3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate-4,6-diyl] (PTB7):PC71BM system achieved a PCE of 8.43% when using PFSOPyCl as CIL. Hence, PFSOPyCl is a promising candidate CIL for PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiting Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruifeng He
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhicai He
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hong-Bin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
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37
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Sun Y, Li M, Kan B, Ke X, Zhang Q, Wan X, Chen Y. Developing high-performance small molecule organic solar cells via a large planar structure and an electron-withdrawing central unit. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:451-454. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07927j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We designed and synthesized a new small molecule donor material named DR3TBDD using an electron-withdrawing unit BDD as the central building block. A PCE of 9.53% with a highVocof around 1 V was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Zhang
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Yongtao Liu
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Yanna Sun
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Miaomiao Li
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Bin Kan
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Xin Ke
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Qian Zhang
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
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38
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Huang J, Yu X, Xie J, Li CZ, Zhang Y, Xu D, Tang Z, Cui C, Yang D. Fulleropyrrolidinium Iodide As an Efficient Electron Transport Layer for Air-Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34612-34619. [PMID: 27998099 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells have attracted great attention in recent years. But there are still a lot of unresolved issues related to the perovskite solar cells such as the phenomenon of anomalous hysteresis characteristics and long-term stability of the devices. Here, we developed a simple three-layered efficient perovskite device by replacing the commonly employed PCBM electrical transport layer with an ultrathin fulleropyrrolidinium iodide (C60-bis) in an inverted p-i-n architecture. The devices with an ultrathin C60-bis electronic transport layer yield an average power conversion efficiency of 13.5% and a maximum efficiency of 15.15%. Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) measurements show that the high performance is attributed to the efficient blocking of holes and high extraction efficiency of electrons by C60-bis, due to a favorable energy level alignment between the CH3NH3PbI3 and the Ag electrodes. The hysteresis effect and stability of our perovskite solar cells with C60-bis become better under indoor humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yunhai Zhang
- Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou 310018, China
| | | | - Zeguo Tang
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University , Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Can Cui
- Center for Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou 310018, China
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39
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Fan H, Zhu X. High-Performance Inverted Polymer Solar Cells with Zirconium Acetylacetonate Buffer Layers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:33856-33862. [PMID: 27960412 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inverted polymer solar cells incorporating solution-processed zirconium acetylacetonate (ZrAcac) buffer layers were demonstrated. The optimal device delivered a power conversion efficiency up to 9.2%, displaying ∼20% improvement compared with the device of conventional configuration. The performance improvement by adopting ZrAcac as the cathode buffer layer is attributed to the enhanced light-harvesting, facilitated electron transport, and reduced bimolecular recombination loss. The morphology of ZrAcac buffer layer was found to be critical in achieving high performance, which was tunable through the selection of processing solvents. A flat and uniform ZrAcac film consisting of ∼20 nm nanoscale aggregates deposited from a chloroform solution was proved to be highly effective, which only requires a short light-soaking time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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40
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Yang Z, Rajagopal A, Jo SB, Chueh CC, Williams S, Huang CC, Katahara JK, Hillhouse HW, Jen AKY. Stabilized Wide Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells by Tin Substitution. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:7739-7747. [PMID: 27960463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Wide bandgap MAPb(I1-yBry)3 perovskites show promising potential for application in tandem solar cells. However, unstable photovoltaic performance caused by phase segregation has been observed under illumination when y is above 0.2. Herein, we successfully demonstrate stabilization of the I/Br phase by partially replacing Pb2+ with Sn2+ and verify this stabilization with X-ray diffractometry and transient absorption spectroscopy. The resulting MAPb0.75Sn0.25(I1-yBry)3 perovskite solar cells show stable photovoltaic performance under continuous illumination. Among these cells, the one based on MAPb0.75Sn0.25(I0.4Br0.6)3 perovskite shows the highest efficiency of 12.59% with a bandgap of 1.73 eV, which make it a promising wide bandgap candidate for application in tandem solar cells. The engineering of internal bonding environment by partial Sn substitution is believed to be the main reason for making MAPb0.75Sn0.25(I1-yBry)3 perovskite less vulnerable to phase segregation during the photostriction under illumination. Therefore, this study establishes composition engineering of the metal site as a promising strategy to impart phase stability in hybrid perovskites under illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Adharsh Rajagopal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Sae Byeok Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Spencer Williams
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Chun-Chih Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1750, United States
| | - John K Katahara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1750, United States
| | - Hugh W Hillhouse
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1750, United States
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
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41
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Yang Z, Rajagopal A, Chueh CC, Jo SB, Liu B, Zhao T, Jen AKY. Stable Low-Bandgap Pb-Sn Binary Perovskites for Tandem Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8990-8997. [PMID: 27545111 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A low-bandgap (1.33 eV) Sn-based MA0.5 FA0.5 Pb0.75 Sn0.25 I3 perovskite is developed via combined compositional, process, and interfacial engineering. It can deliver a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.19%. Finally, a four-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cell is demonstrated by combining this low-bandgap cell with a semitransparent MAPbI3 cell to achieve a high efficiency of 19.08%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Adharsh Rajagopal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Sae Byeok Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA.
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42
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Zhu Z, Chueh CC, Zhang G, Huang F, Yan H, Jen AKY. Improved Ambient-Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by a Hybrid Polymeric Electron-Transporting Layer. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2586-2591. [PMID: 27561451 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an efficient inverted perovskite solar cell with decent ambient stability is successfully demonstrated by employing an n-type polymer, poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalene diimide-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} (N2200), as the electron-transporting layer (ETL). The device performance can be further enhanced from a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15 to 16.8 % by tailoring the electronic properties of N2200 with a polymeric additive, poly[9,9-bis(6'-(N,N-diethylamino)propyl)-fluorene-alt-9,9-bis(3-ethyl(oxetane-3-ethyloxy)-hexyl) fluorene] (PFN-Ox). More importantly, the device derived from this hybrid ETL can maintain good ambient stability inherent from the pristine N2200 ETL, for which 60-70 % of initial PCE can be retained after being stored in air with 10-20 % humidity for 45 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Guangye Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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43
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Zhu Z, Chueh C, Lin F, Jen AK. Enhanced Ambient Stability of Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells by Employing a Modified Fullerene Cathode Interlayer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1600027. [PMID: 27711269 PMCID: PMC5039977 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel fullerene cathode interlayer is employed to facilitate the fabrication of stable and efficient perovskite solar cells. This modified fullerene surfactant significantly increases air stability of the derived devices due to its hydrophobic characteristics to enable 80% of the initial PCE to be retained after being exposed in ambient condition with 20% relative humidity for 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195‐2120USA
| | - Chu‐Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195‐2120USA
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195‐2120USA
| | - Alex K.‐Y. Jen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195‐2120USA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195‐2120USA
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44
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Chen M, Zhu H, Zhou S, Xu W, Dong S, Li H, Hao J. Self-Organization and Vesicle Formation of Amphiphilic Fulleromonodendrons Bearing Oligo(poly(ethylene oxide)) Chains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:2338-47. [PMID: 26898216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A new series of N-methylfulleropyrrolidines bearing oligo(poly(ethylene oxide))-appended Percec monodendrons (fulleromonodendrons, 4a-f) have been synthesized. The substituted position of the oligo(poly(ethylene oxide)) chain(s) on the phenyl group of the Percec monodendron for 4a-f was varied, which is at the 4-, 2,4-, 3,5-, 3,4,5-, 2,3,4- and 2,4,6- position, respectively. 4a-e are obtained as solids at 25 °C and can self-organize into lamellar phases as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, while 4f appears as a viscous liquid. The substitution patterns of the oligo(poly(ethylene oxide)) chain(s) also significantly influence the solubility of 4a-f, especially in ethanol and water. Formation of self-organized supramolecular structures of 4d and 4e in water as well as 4d in ethanol is evidenced from UV-vis and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Further studies in water using various imaging techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), freeze-fracture TEM (FF-TEM), cryo-TEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations revealed the formation of well-defined vesicles for 4d and plate-like aggregates for 4e, indicating that the aggregation behavior of the fulleromonodendrons is highly dependent on their molecular structures. For 4d in ethanol, only irregular aggregates were noticed, indicating the solvent also plays a role on regulating the aggregation behavior. After functionalization with the Percec monodendrons, 4a-f can preserve the intriguing electrochemical properties of pristine C60 as revealed by cyclic voltammetries. The thermotropic properties of 4a-f have also been investigated. It was found that all of them show good thermal stability, but no mesophases were detected within the investigated temperature ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shengju Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication & Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shuli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hongguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication & Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, Shandong, P. R. China
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45
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Zhang H, Cheng J, Lin F, He H, Mao J, Wong KS, Jen AKY, Choy WCH. Pinhole-Free and Surface-Nanostructured NiOx Film by Room-Temperature Solution Process for High-Performance Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Good Stability and Reproducibility. ACS NANO 2016; 10:1503-11. [PMID: 26688212 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, researchers have focused on the design of highly efficient flexible perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), which enables the implementation of portable and roll-to-roll fabrication in large scale. While NiOx is a promising material for hole transport layer (HTL) candidate for fabricating efficient PVSCs on a rigid substrate, the reported NiOx HTLs are formed using different multistep treatments (such as 300-500 °C annealing, O2-plasma, UVO, etc.), which hinders the development of flexible PVSCs based on NiOx. Meanwhile, the features of nanostructured morphology and flawless film quality are very important for the film to function as highly effective HTL of PVSCs. However, it is difficult to have the two features coexist natively, particularly in a solution process that flawless film will usually come with smooth morphology. Here, we demonstrate the flawless and surface-nanostructured NiOx film from a simple and controllable room-temperature solution process for achieving high performance flexible PVSCs with good stability and reproducibility. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) can reaches a promising value of 14.53% with no obvious hysteresis (and a high PCE of 17.60% for PVSC on ITO glass). Furthermore, the NiOx-based PVSCs show markedly improved air stability. Regarding the performance improvement, the flawless and surface-nanostructured NiOx film can make the interfacial recombination and monomolecular Shockley-Read-Hall recombination of PVSC reduce. In addition, the formation of an intimate junction of large interfacial area at NiOx film/the perovskite layer improve the hole extraction and thus PVSC performances. This work contributes to the evolution of flexible PVSCs with simple fabrication process and high device performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hexiang He
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Sing Wong
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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46
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Jia T, Han J, Cheng X, Zhou W, Chen Y, Li F, Wang Y. Metallophthalocyanine derivatives utilized as cathode interlayers for polymer solar cells: a practical approach to prepare a uniform film. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cathode interlayer material, VOPc(OPyC6H13Br)8 can form a better, denser and more uniform film on the PTB7:PC71BM active layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Jianxiong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Weilong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Youchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Fenghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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47
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Kim JH, Chueh CC, Williams ST, Jen AKY. Room-temperature, solution-processable organic electron extraction layer for high-performance planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17343-17349. [PMID: 26426581 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04250j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we describe a room-temperature, solution-processable organic electron extraction layer (EEL) for high-performance planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PHJ PVSCs). This EEL is composed of a bilayered fulleropyrrolidinium iodide (FPI)-polyethyleneimine (PEIE) and PC61BM, which yields a promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.7% with insignificant hysteresis. We reveal that PC61BM can serve as a surface modifier of FPI-PEIE to simultaneously facilitate the crystallization of perovskite and the charge extraction at FPI-PEIE/CH3NH3PbI3 interface. Furthermore, the FPI-PEIE can also tune the work function of ITO and dope PC61BM to promote the efficient electron transport between ITO and PC61BM. Based on the advantages of room-temperature processability and decent electrical property of FPI-PEIE/PC61BM EEL, a high-performance flexible PVSC with a PCE ∼10% is eventually demonstrated. This study shows the potential of low-temperature processed organic EEL to replace transition metal oxide-based interlayers for highly printing compatible PVSCs with high-performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong H Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering Education, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, 305-764, South Korea
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48
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Biglova YN, Susarova DK, Akbulatov AF, Mumyatov AV, Troshin PA. Polymerizable methanofullerene bearing a pendant acrylic group as a buffer layer material for inverted organic solar cells. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Long G, Wu B, Yang X, Kan B, Zhou YC, Chen LC, Wan X, Zhang HL, Sum TC, Chen Y. Enhancement of Performance and Mechanism Studies of All-Solution Processed Small-Molecule based Solar Cells with an Inverted Structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21245-21253. [PMID: 26352703 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Both solution-processed polymers and small molecule based solar cells have achieved PCEs over 9% with the conventional device structure. However, for the practical applications of photovoltaic technology, further enhancement of both device performance and stability are urgently required, particularly for the inverted structure devices, since this architecture will probably be most promising for the possible coming commercialization. In this work, we have fabricated both conventional and inverted structure devices using the same small molecular donor/acceptor materials and compared the performance of both device structures, and found that the inverted structure based device gave significantly improved performance, the highest PCE so far for inverted structure based device using small molecules as the donor. Furthermore, the inverted device shows a remarkable stability with almost no obvious degradation after three months. Systematic device physics and charge generation dynamics studies, including optical simulation, light-intensity-dependent current-voltage experiments, photocurrent density-effective voltage analyses, transient absorption measurements, and electrical simulations, indicate that the significantly enhanced performance using inverted device is ascribed to the increasing of Jsc compared to the conventional device, which in turn is mainly attributed to the increased absorption of photons in the active layers, rather than the reduced nongeminate recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guankui Long
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
- Singapore-Berkeley Research Initiative for Sustainable Energy (SinBeRISE), 1 Create Way, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Xuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Kan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ye-Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li-Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, China
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50
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Li C, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang B, Chen Y. Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of conjugated copolymers containing cyclopentadithiophene and two different electron-deficient moieties in the polymer backbone. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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