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Silva FDD, Galiciolli MEDA, Irioda AC, Oliveira CS, Piccoli BC, Prestes ADS, Borin BC, Schuch AP, Ochoa-Rodríguez E, Nuñez-Figueredo Y, Rocha JBTD. Investigation of the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant prospects of JM-20 on human blood cells: A multi-target compound with potential therapeutic applications. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 106:102827. [PMID: 38301450 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2024.102827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
JM-20 is a 1,5-benzodiazepine compound fused to a dihydropyridine fraction with different pharmacological properties. However, its potential toxic effects on blood cells have not yet been reported. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the possible cytotoxicity of JM-20 through cell viability, cell cycle, morphology changes, reactive species (RS) to DCFH-DA, and lipid peroxidation in human leukocytes, its hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes, and its potential DNA genotoxicity using plasmid DNA in vitro. Furthermore, the compound's ability to reduce the DPPH radical was also measured. Human blood was obtained from healthy volunteers (30 ± 10 years old), and the leukocytes or erythrocytes were immediately isolated and treated with different concentrations of JM-20. A cytoprotective effect was exhibited by 10 μM JM-20 against 1 mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-but-OOH) in the leukocytes. However, the highest tested concentrations of the compound (20 and 50 μM) changed the morphology and caused a significant decrease in the cell viability of leukocytes (p < 0.05, in comparison with Control). All tested concentrations of JM-20 also resulted in a significant increase in intracellular RS as measured by DCFH-DA in these cells (p < 0.05, in comparison with Control). On the other hand, the results point out a potent antioxidant effect of JM-20, which was similar to the classical antioxidant α-tocopherol. The IC50 value of JM-20 against the lipid peroxidation induced by (FeII) was 1.051 μM ± 0.21, while the IC50 value of α-tocopherol in this parameter was 1.065 μM ± 0.34. Additionally, 50 and 100 μM JM-20 reduced the DPPH radical in a statistically similar way to the 100 μM α-tocopherol (p < 0.05, in comparison with the control). No significant hemolysis in erythrocytes, no cell cycle changes in leukocytes, and no genotoxic effects in plasmid DNA were induced by JM-20 at any tested concentration. The in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of JM-20, derivatives, and nifedipine were also studied. Here, our findings demonstrate that JM-20 and its putative metabolites exhibit similar characteristics to nifedipine, and the in vitro and in silico data support the low toxicity of JM-20 to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda D'Avila da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Andrade Galiciolli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Biotecnologia Aplicada a Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Rua Silva Jardim, 1632 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Faculdade Pequeno Príncipe, Avenida Iguaçu, 333 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Irioda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Biotecnologia Aplicada a Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Rua Silva Jardim, 1632 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Faculdade Pequeno Príncipe, Avenida Iguaçu, 333 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Biotecnologia Aplicada a Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Rua Silva Jardim, 1632 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Faculdade Pequeno Príncipe, Avenida Iguaçu, 333 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Candia Piccoli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandro de Souza Prestes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cogo Borin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Andre Passaglia Schuch
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Estael Ochoa-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Ave 26, N° 1605,e /Boyeros y Puentes Grandes, CP10600 La Habana, Cuba
| | - Yanier Nuñez-Figueredo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Ave 26, N° 1605,e /Boyeros y Puentes Grandes, CP10600 La Habana, Cuba
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Mazur O, Bałdysz S, Warowicka A, Nawrot R. Tap the sap - investigation of latex-bearing plants in the search of potential anticancer biopharmaceuticals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979678. [PMID: 36388598 PMCID: PMC9664067 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Latex-bearing plants have been in the research spotlight for the past couple of decades. Since ancient times their extracts have been used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. Currently they serve as promising candidates for cancer treatment. Up to date there have been several in vitro and in vivo studies related to the topic of cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of extracts from latex-bearing plants towards various cell types. The number of clinical studies still remains scarce, however, over the years the number is systematically increasing. To the best of our knowledge, the scientific community is still lacking in a recent review summarizing the research on the topic of cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of latex-bearing plant extracts. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge on in vitro and in vivo studies, which focus on the cytotoxicity and anticancer activities of latex-bearing plants. The vast majority of the studies are in vitro, however, the interest in this topic has resulted in the substantial growth of the number of in vivo studies, leading to a promising number of plant species whose latex can potentially be tested in clinical trials. The paper is divided into sections, each of them focuses on specific latex-bearing plant family representatives and their potential anticancer activity, which in some instances is comparable to that induced by commonly used therapeutics currently available on the market. The cytotoxic effect of the plant's crude latex, its fractions or isolated compounds, is analyzed, along with a study of cell apoptosis, chromatin condensation, DNA damage, changes in gene regulation and morphology changes, which can be observed in cell post plant extract addition. The in vivo studies go beyond the molecular level by showing significant reduction of the tumor growth and volume in animal models. Additionally, we present data regarding plant-mediated biosynthesis of nanoparticles, which is regarded as a new branch in plant latex research. It is solely based on the green-synthesis approach, which presents an interesting alternative to chemical-based nanoparticle synthesis. We have analyzed the cytotoxic effect of these particles on cells. Data regarding the cytotoxicity of such particles raises their potential to be involved in the design of novel cancer therapies, which further underlines the significance of latex-bearing plants in biotechnology. Throughout the course of this review, we concluded that plant latex is a rich source of many compounds, which can be further investigated and applied in the design of anticancer pharmaceuticals. The molecules, to which this cytotoxic effect can be attributed, include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, proteases, nucleases and many novel compounds, which still remain to be characterized. They have been studied extensively in both in vitro and in vivo studies, which provide an excellent starting point for their rapid transfer to clinical studies in the near future. The comprehensive study of molecules from latex-bearing plants can result in finding a promising alternative to several pharmaceuticals on the market and help unravel the molecular mode of action of latex-based preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Mazur
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sophia Bałdysz
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Warowicka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert Nawrot
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Maleš I, Pedisić S, Zorić Z, Elez-Garofulić I, Repajić M, You L, Vladimir-Knežević S, Butorac D, Dragović-Uzelac V. The medicinal and aromatic plants as ingredients in functional beverage production. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Nanoconjugates based on a novel organic-inorganic hybrid silsesquioxane and gold nanoparticles as hemocompatible nanomaterials for promising biosensing applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112355. [PMID: 35158220 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new hybrid organic-inorganic silsesquioxane material, 3-n-propyl(2-amino-4-methyl)pyridium chloride (SiAMPy+Cl-), was synthesized and successfully applied for the synthesis of stable nanoconjugates with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-SiAMPy+). SiAMPy+Cl- was obtained through a simple sol-gel procedure by using chloropropyltrimetoxysilane and tetraethylorthosilicate as precursors and 2-amino-4-methylpyridine as the functionalizing agent. The resulting material was characterized by employing FTIR, XRD, and 1H-, 13C-, and 29Si-NMR spectroscopy. The synthesis of AuNPs-SiAMPy+ nanoconjugates was optimized through a 23 full factorial design. UV-VIS, FTIR, TEM, DLS, and ζ-potential measurements were used to characterize the nanoconjugates, which presented a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 5.8 nm. To investigate the existence of toxic effects of AuNPs-SiAMPy+ on blood cells, which is essential for their future biomedical applications, toxicity assays on human erythrocytes and leukocytes were performed. Interestingly, no cytotoxic effects were observed for both types of cells. The nanoconjugates were further applied in the construction of electrochemical immunosensing devices, aiming the detection of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in serum as biomarkers of Chagas disease. The AuNPs-SiAMPy+ significantly enhanced the sensitivity of the biodevice, which was able to discriminate between anti-T. cruzi positive and negative serum samples. Thus, the AuNPs-SiAMPy+-based biosensor showed great potential to be used as a new tool to perform fast and accurate diagnosis of Chagas disease. The promising findings described herein strongly confirm the remarkable potential of SiAMPy+Cl- to obtain nanomaterials, which can present notable biomedical properties and applications.
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Charmforoshan E, Karimi E, Oskoueian E, Iranshahi M. Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Melanogenesis Inhibitory Activity of Auraptene, a Coumarin from Ferula szowitsiana Root. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1829-1836. [PMID: 34378465 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1962922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The auraptene is a geranyloxyn coumarin found in the Ferula species. The plant is endemic in Central Asia and it is used as a medicinal food in Iran. This research aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-melanogenic properties of auraptene, a coumarin from Ferula szowitsiana root. The results revealed that auraptene possessed antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations ranged from 2.5 up to 10 mg/ml against human pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella paratyphi, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus). The nitric oxide scavenging activity (IC50: 670.9 µg/ml) showed its moderate antioxidant potential. Similarly, the results of ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid assays reconfirmed the moderate antioxidant activity of auraptene and indicated the percentage inhibitions of hydroxyl radicals to be 31.87 and 14%, respectively. The cell-based antioxidant evaluation confirmed the antioxidant activity of auraptene through up-regulation of the antioxidant-related genes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the human foreskin fibroblast (HFF). The auraptene has also displayed the anti-melanogenic activity through direct tyrosinase enzyme inhibition (IC50 of 29.7 µg/ml) and could modulate the expression of major melanogenesis-related genes including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1, and dopachrome tautomerase in the murine melanoma cell line. The auraptene from Ferula szowitsiana root exhibited antibacterial, antioxidant, and melanogenesis inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Research and Development, Arka Biotechnology Corporation, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Magozwi DK, Dinala M, Mokwana N, Siwe-Noundou X, Krause RWM, Sonopo M, McGaw LJ, Augustyn WA, Tembu VJ. Flavonoids from the Genus Euphorbia: Isolation, Structure, Pharmacological Activities and Structure-Activity Relationships. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:428. [PMID: 34063311 PMCID: PMC8147481 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants of the genus Euphorbia are widely distributed across temperate, tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Asia and Africa with established Ayurvedic, Chinese and Malay ethnomedical records. The present review reports the isolation, occurrence, phytochemistry, biological properties, therapeutic potential and structure-activity relationship of Euphorbia flavonoids for the period covering 2000-2020, while identifying potential areas for future studies aimed at development of new therapeutic agents from these plants. The findings suggest that the extracts and isolated flavonoids possess anticancer, antiproliferative, antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-venom, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatitis and antioxidant properties and have different mechanisms of action against cancer cells. Of the investigated species, over 80 different types of flavonoids have been isolated to date. Most of the isolated flavonoids were flavonols and comprised simple O-substitution patterns, C-methylation and prenylation. Others had a glycoside, glycosidic linkages and a carbohydrate attached at either C-3 or C-7, and were designated as d-glucose, l-rhamnose or glucorhamnose. The structure-activity relationship studies showed that methylation of the hydroxyl groups on C-3 or C-7 reduces the activities while glycosylation loses the activity and that the parent skeletal structure is essential in retaining the activity. These constituents can therefore offer potential alternative scaffolds towards development of new Euphorbia-based therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Kemboi Magozwi
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.D.); (N.M.); (W.A.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa;
| | - Mmabatho Dinala
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.D.); (N.M.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Nthabiseng Mokwana
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.D.); (N.M.); (W.A.A.)
| | | | - Rui W. M. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa;
| | - Molahlehi Sonopo
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, Brits R104, South Africa;
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04 Onderstepoort 0110, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Wilma A. Augustyn
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.D.); (N.M.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Vuyelwa Jacqueline Tembu
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.D.); (N.M.); (W.A.A.)
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Londero JEL, Schavinski CR, Silva FDD, Piccoli BC, Schuch AP. Development of a rapid electrophoretic assay for genomic DNA damage quantification. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 210:111859. [PMID: 33429319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accuracy, sensitivity, simplicity, reproducibility, and low-cost are desirable requirements for genotoxicity assessment techniques. Here we describe a simple electrophoretic assay for genomic DNA lesions quantification (EAsy-GeL) based on subjecting DNA samples to rapid unwinding/renaturation treatments and neutral agarose gel electrophoresis. The experiments performed in this work involved different biological samples exposed to increasing environmental-simulated doses of ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation, such as Escherichia coli, human leukocytes, and isolated human genomic DNA. DNA extraction was carried out using a universal and low-cost protocol, which takes about 4 h. Before electrophoresis migration, DNA samples were kept into a neutral buffer to detect double-strand breaks (DSBs) or subjected to a 5-min step of alkaline unwinding and neutral renaturation to detect single-strand breaks (SSBs) or incubated with the DNA repair enzyme T4-endonuclease V for the detection of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) before the 5-min step of DNA unwinding/renaturation. Then, all DNA samples were separated by neutral agarose gel electrophoresis, the DNA average length of each lane was calculated through the use of free software, and the frequency of DNA breaks per kbp was determined by a simple rule of three. Dose-response experiments allowed the quantification of different levels of DNA damage per electrophoretic run, varying from a constant and low amount of DSBs/SSBs to high and dose-dependent levels of CPDs. Compared with other assays based on alkaline unwinding and gel electrophoresis, EAsy-GeL has important advantages for both environmental monitoring and laboratory testing purposes. The simplicity and applicability of this protocol to other types of DNA lesions, biological models, and agents make it ideal for genotoxicity, DNA repair studies, as well as for assessing exposure risks to ecosystems and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eduardo Lago Londero
- Post-Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Ricardo Schavinski
- Post-Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda D'Avila da Silva
- Post-Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Candia Piccoli
- Post-Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - André Passaglia Schuch
- Post-Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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El-Hawary SS, Mohammed R, Tawfike AF, Lithy NM, AbouZid SF, Amin MN, Abdelmohsen UR, Amin E. Cytotoxic Activity and Metabolic Profiling of Fifteen Euphorbia Species. Metabolites 2020; 11:metabo11010015. [PMID: 33383761 PMCID: PMC7824291 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia is a large genus of flowering plants with a great diversity in metabolic pattern. Testing the cytotoxic potential of fifteen Euphorbia species revealed highest activity of E. officinarum L. against human colon adenocarcinoma (CACO2) cell line (IC50 7.2 µM) and of E. lactea Haw. against human hepatoma (HepG2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines (IC50 5.2 and 5.1 µM, respectively). Additionally, metabolic profiling of the fifteen tested species, using LC-HRMS, for dereplication purposes, led to the annotation of 44 natural compounds. Among the annotated compounds, diterpenoids represent the major class. Dereplication approach and multivariate data analysis are adopted in order to annotate the compounds responsible for the detected cytotoxic activity. Results of Principle component analysis (PCA) come in a great accordance with results of biological testing, which emphasized the cytotoxic properties of E. lactea Haw. A similarity correlation network showed that the two compounds with the molecular formula C16H18O8 and C20H30O10, are responsible for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines. Similarly, the compound with molecular formula C18H35NO correlates with cytotoxic activity against CACO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham S. El-Hawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Rabab Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (R.M.); (S.F.A.)
| | - Ahmed F. Tawfike
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
- Molecular Discovery Group, Department of Computational and Analytical Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Nadia M. Lithy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt;
| | - Sameh Fekry AbouZid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (R.M.); (S.F.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N. Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
- Correspondence: (U.R.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (R.M.); (S.F.A.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (U.R.A.); (E.A.)
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Inhibitory Effects of Euphorbia tirucalli Lineu (Euphorbiaceae) Diluted Latex on Human and Canine Melanoma Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4093206. [PMID: 32733581 PMCID: PMC7376397 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4093206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Euphorbia tirucalli Lineu (Euphorbiaceae) is a tropical and subtropical ornamental and toxic plant. E. tirucalli produces a latex that is commonly used to treat neoplasms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of diluted E. tirucalli latex (DETL) on human (SK-MEL-28) and canine (CBMY) melanoma cells. SK-MEL-28 (3 × 103 cells/well) and CBMY (6 × 103 cells/well) were cultivated in 96-well plates. The cells were treated with 50 μl/well of dilutions (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, and 1/512) of a standard solution containing 1 mg/mL of the E. tirucalli latex (ETL) in DMEM. Control group cells received 50 μl/well of DMEM. After 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment, cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay. There was a significant decrease in viability at 48 and 72 hours after treatment for human melanoma cells and at 24, 48, and 72 hours for canine cells, mainly in higher dilutions of ETL. Human melanoma cells presented a typical U shape curve, characteristic of hormesis. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing inhibitory effects of DETL on canine melanoma cells. Therefore, DETL is a potentially new antineoplastic drug.
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Martins CG, Appel MH, Coutinho DSS, Soares IP, Fischer S, de Oliveira BC, Fachi MM, Pontarolo R, Bonatto SJR, Fernandes LC, Iagher F, de Souza LM. Consumption of latex from Euphorbia tirucalli L. promotes a reduction of tumor growth and cachexia, and immunomodulation in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 255:112722. [PMID: 32114165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euphorbia tirucalli L. is an African plant that grows well in Brazil. Individuals diagnosed with cancer frequently consume latex from E. tirucalli, dissolved in drinking water. In vitro studies confirm the antitumor potential of E. tirucalli latex, but in vivo evaluations are scarce. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the effect of intake of an aqueous solution of E. tirucalli latex on tumor growth, cachexia, and immune response in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Latex from E. tirucalli was collected and analyzed by LC-MS. Sixty male Wistar rats (age, 90 days) were randomly divided into four groups: C, control group (without tumor); W, Walker 256 tumor-bearing group; SW1, W animals but treated with 25 μL latex/mL water; and SW2, W animals but treated with 50 μL latex/mL water. Animals received 1 mL of latex solution once a day by gavage. After 15 d, animals were euthanized, tumor mass was determined, and glucose and triacylglycerol serum levels were measured by using commercial kits. Change in the body weight during tumor development was calculated, and proliferation capacity of tumor cells was assessed by the Alamar Blue assay. Phagocytosis and superoxide anion production by peritoneal macrophages and circulating neutrophils were analyzed by enzymatic and colorimetric assays. Data are analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test, with the significance level set at 5%. RESULTS The analysis of the latex revealed the presence of triterpenes. The ingestion of the latex aqueous solution promoted 40% and 60% reduction of the tumor mass in SW1 and SW2 groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The proliferative capacity of tumor cells from SW2 group was 76% lower than that of cells from W group (p < 0.0001). Animals treated with latex gained, on average, 20 g (SW1) and 8 g (SW2) weight. Glucose and triacylglycerol serum levels in SW1 and SW2 animals were similar to those in C group rats. Peritoneal macrophages and blood neutrophils from SW1 and SW2 animals produced 30-40% less superoxide anions than those from W group animals (p < 0.05), but neutrophils from SW2 group showed an increased phagocytic capacity (20%, vs. W group). CONCLUSIONS E. tirucalli latex, administered orally for 15 d, efficiently reduced tumor growth and cachexia in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. Decreased tumor cell proliferative capacity was one of the mechanisms involved in this effect. Further, the data suggest immunomodulatory properties of E. tirucalli latex. The results agree with folk data on the antitumor effect of latex ingestion, indicating that it may be useful as an adjunct in the treatment of cancer patients. For this, further in vivo studies in animal and human models need to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina G Martins
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcia H Appel
- Department of Structural Biology, Molecular and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Débora S S Coutinho
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Igor P Soares
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Stefani Fischer
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna C de Oliveira
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Fachi
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandro J R Bonatto
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Fabíola Iagher
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Lauro M de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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11
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of new antioxidant and antiproliferative chalcogenobiotin derivatives for bladder carcinoma treatment. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115423. [PMID: 32205047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 90% of bladder carcinomas are of the urothelial carcinoma type, which are characterized by high rates of recurrence and predisposition to progress to invasive tumors, representing one of the most costly neoplasms for health systems. Intravesical chemotherapy is a standard for the treatment of non-invasive bladder cancer. However, chemotherapy is usually aggressive and cytotoxic, which increases the death rates caused by cancer. Heterocyclic compounds which exhibit favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties may enhance drug affinity for a target protein by targeting the treatment. Thus, this work presents the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological evaluation of new antioxidant (inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of free radical DPPH, and thiol peroxidase-like activity) and antiproliferative chalcogenobiotin derivatives and tests them against bladder carcinoma 5637 cells. A prominent response was obtained for the selected compounds, with tellurium biotin derivatives displaying effective antioxidant and antiproliferative activity. The effective compounds also demonstrated no toxicity in in vitro or in vivo studies.
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12
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Rodrigues Costa A, Bezerra JWA, Pereira da Cruz R, de Freitas MA, da Silva VB, Neto JC, dos Santos ATL, Bezerra Morais Braga MF, da Silva LA, Ivaneide Rocha M, Kamdem JP, Iriti M, Vitalini S, Duarte AE, Barros LM. In vitro Antibiotic and Modulatory Activity of Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze against Candida strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E46. [PMID: 32012710 PMCID: PMC7168177 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of fungal resistance to commercial drugs has been a major problem for the WHO. In this context, research with natural products is promising in the discovery of new active substances. Thus, this work evaluated the antifungal effect of a medicinal plant (i.e., Mesosphaerum suaveolens) against strains of the genus Candida, tested the combined effect with the drug fluconazole, and, finally, determined the phenolic constituents present in the species. Initially, aqueous extracts of leaves (AELMs) and aerial parts (AEAPMs) of the species were prepared. For microbiological assays, the minimum fungicidal concentration was determined by broth microdilution, and the combined effect of fluconazole extracts were verified by sub-inhibitory microdilution concentrations (CFM/8) followed by spectrophotometric readings which were used to determine the IC50. HPLC detected the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids, detecting eight compounds present in the samples of which caffeic acid and quercetin were major components. The AELMs modulated fluconazole activity since it decreased fluconazole's IC50 from 7.8 µg/mL to an IC50 of 4.7 µg/mL (CA LM 77) and from 28.8 µg/mL to 18.26 µg/mL (CA INCQS 40006) for the C. albicans strains. The AEAPMs were able to potentiate the effect of fluconazole more effectively than the AELMs. Such an effect was significant for the 16 µg/mL concentration for CA LM 77 and 32 µg/mL for CA INCQS 40006. The AEAPMs as well as the AELMs presented clinically relevant activities for C. tropicalis strains. For the C. tropicalis LM 23 strain, the AEPMs obtained an IC50 of 25 µg/mL and the AELMs an IC50 of 359.9 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrielle Rodrigues Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Bioprospecting, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (A.R.C.); (V.B.d.S.)
| | | | - Rafael Pereira da Cruz
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Maria Audilene de Freitas
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Bioprospecting, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (A.R.C.); (V.B.d.S.)
| | - João Cruz Neto
- Nursing Course at the Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato-CE-Brazil;
| | - Antonia Thassya Lucas dos Santos
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais Braga
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil; (R.P.d.C.); (M.A.d.F.); (A.T.L.d.S.)
| | - Leomara Andrade da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Botany – National Amazon Research Institute (INPA), Manaus 69067-375, AM, Brazil;
| | - Maria Ivaneide Rocha
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, University of Regional Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil (J.P.K.); (A.E.D.)
| | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, University of Regional Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil (J.P.K.); (A.E.D.)
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vitalini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonia Eliene Duarte
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, University of Regional Cariri (URCA), Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil (J.P.K.); (A.E.D.)
| | - Luiz Marivando Barros
- Vegetable Ecophysiology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63122-290, CE, Brazil;
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13
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Abdel-Aty AM, Hamed MB, Salama WH, Ali MM, Fahmy AS, Mohamed SA. Ficus carica, Ficus sycomorus and Euphorbia tirucalli latex extracts: Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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14
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Scapinello J, Müller LG, Schindler MSZ, Anzollin GS, Siebel AM, Boligon AA, Niero R, Saraiva TES, Maus NP, Betti AH, Oliveira JV, Magro JD, de Oliveira D. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl (Araceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:21-30. [PMID: 30802613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Popular medicine use stems of Philodendron bipinnatifidum (Araceae) in inflammation cases, such as in erysipelas, as well as orchitis and rheumatism treatment. The present study, conducted for the first time in literature, investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of P. bipinnatifidum stems ethyl acetate extract (EPB). MATERIALS AND METHODS GC/MS and HPLC analysis were performed for EPB extract. We used EPB at 250, 375 and 500 mg/kg (oral route, p.o.) in male Swiss mice. The antinociceptive activity of the plant extract assessed by acetic acid induced writhing and formalin tests. To investigate the possible participation of opioid system in EPB-mediated effects, we previously administered naloxone to the mice. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema. The open-field test aimed to investigate the possible EPB effects on the locomotor and exploratory activities. To assess the protective role of EPB on carrageenan-induced oxidative stress, the levels of NPSH, TBARS, as well as SOD and CAT activities were evaluated in blood and paw tissue. The acute toxicity of the EPB was investigated using OECD 423 guideline. RESULTS The EPB chemical analysis by GC/MS and HPLC revealed the presence of flavonoids (luteolin and quercetin) and phytosterols (β-sitosterol and stigmasterol). The oral treatment with the EPB inhibited mice abdominal writhings (P < 0.01) at 375 and 500 mg/kg, and reduced the formalin effect at the first-phase (500 mg/kg, P < 0.05) and also at the second-phase (500 mg/kg, P < 0.001) of the test. EPB (375 and 500 mg/kg) did not alter spontaneous locomotion in open field test, however the number of fecal bolus was significantly lower for the EPB group at 500 mg/kg when compared to the vehicle group (P < 0.05). The pretreatment with naloxone caused significant inhibition of antinociceptive activity induced by EPB in the formalin test, revealing the possible involvement of opioid receptors. EPB extract administered at 500 mg/kg (p.o.) prevented carrageenan-induced paw oedema (P < 0.05 and 0.01) until 6 h after carragenan injection. Evaluation of TBARS and NPSH levels, SOD and CAT activities in the blood and paw tissue of animals submitted to the carrageenan assay suggested that the anti-inflammatory effect of EPB may be linked to oxidative stress inhibition. The acute administration of the EPB (2000 mg/kg, p.o.) caused no mortality, demonstrating low toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The extract of P. bipinnatifidum displays antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, causing no toxicological effects. The pharmacological activity of this vegetal species may be related to the presence of flavonoids and phytosterols. Our results support the ethnomedical use of this vegetal species as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Scapinello
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil; Area of Exact and Environmental Sciences and Area of Health Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Liz Girardi Müller
- Area of Exact and Environmental Sciences and Area of Health Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Monica S Z Schindler
- Area of Exact and Environmental Sciences and Area of Health Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Sabrina Anzollin
- Area of Exact and Environmental Sciences and Area of Health Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Anna Maria Siebel
- Area of Exact and Environmental Sciences and Area of Health Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Rivaldo Niero
- Department of Biological Sciences, Univali, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Thalia E S Saraiva
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathália Pulz Maus
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - J Vladimir Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacir Dal Magro
- Area of Exact and Environmental Sciences and Area of Health Sciences, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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15
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Ademiluyi AO, Aladeselu OH, Oboh G, Boligon AA. Drying alters the phenolic constituents, antioxidant properties, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of Moringa ( Moringa oleifera) leaf. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:2123-2133. [PMID: 30510713 PMCID: PMC6261129 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera leaf is a popular green leafy vegetable which has found its usefulness in the preparation of traditional stews and soups. Like most green leafy vegetable which are not around year-round, the leaf is usually dried and pulverized for storage and easier handling, and despite the popularity of this processing technique, there is dearth of information on how drying affects the health-promoting properties of the leaves. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of some drying methods (freeze-drying, sun, air and oven drying) on the phytoconstituents, antioxidant properties, and biological activities of moringa leaf. This study revealed that drying methods significantly altered the phytoconstituents (phenolics, flavonoids, vitamin C, tannin, saponin, phytate, oxalate, alkaloid, cardenolides, and cardiac glycosides), antioxidant capacities (reducing power, Fe2+chelating, ABTS •+, DPPH, and • OH scavenging abilities), and enzyme inhibitory (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) effects of the leaf, with freeze-drying being the most promising method for preserving the nutraceutical properties of moringa leaf. However, for practical application, the order of preference of the drying methods which ensures adequate retention of phytoconstituents and possibly biological activities of the leaf as observed in this study is freeze-drying > air drying > sun drying > oven drying, in the order of decreasing magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo O. Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals UnitDepartment of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Olubukola H. Aladeselu
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals UnitDepartment of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals UnitDepartment of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Aline A. Boligon
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaSanta MariaRSBrazil
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16
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Nowak A, Sójka M, Klewicka E, Lipińska L, Klewicki R, Kołodziejczyk K. Ellagitannins from Rubus idaeus L. Exert Geno- and Cytotoxic Effects against Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Caco-2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2947-2955. [PMID: 28301143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ellagitannins possess several biological activities, including anticancer properties. The goal of the present study was to investigate the cyto- and genotoxic activities of a red raspberry ellagitannin preparation (REP) in the concentration range of 2.5-160 μg/mL, as well as that of the main individual raspberry ellagitannins, sanguiin H-6 (SH-6, 12.8-256 μM) and lambertianin C (LC, 9.3-378 μM), against human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2. The ellagitannin concentrations used in the study correspond to those found in foodstuffs containing raspberry fruit. REP, SH-6, and LC exhibited strong concentration-dependent genotoxic properties, inducing DNA damage ranging from 7.3 ± 1.3 to 56.8 ± 4.3%, causing double-strand breaks and oxidation of DNA bases. At IC50 (124 μg/mL) the REP affected the nuclear morphology and induced the apoptosis of Caco-2 cells. Because the REP has been found to possess chemopreventive activity, it can be used as a natural food additive to enhance the health benefits of foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Nowak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology , Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Sójka
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology , Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Klewicka
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology , Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Lidia Lipińska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology , Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Robert Klewicki
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology , Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kołodziejczyk
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology , Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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17
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da Rosa RM, Piccoli BC, da Silva FD, Dornelles L, Rocha JBT, Sonego MS, Begnini KR, Collares T, Seixas FK, Rodrigues OED. Synthesis, antioxidant and antitumoral activities of 5'-arylchalcogeno-3-aminothymidine (ACAT) derivatives. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:408-414. [PMID: 30108758 PMCID: PMC6071852 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00640j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article presents the preparation and in vitro biological activities of new 5'-arylchalcogeno-3-aminothymidine derivatives as antioxidants (inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of the free radical 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl and demonstration of a thiol peroxidase-like activity) as well as antitumoral agents against bladder carcinoma 5637. The chalcogeno-aminothymidines presented prominent activity in the tests for both biological properties, showing a direct relation with the chalcogenium atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Mello da Rosa
- LabSelen-NanoBio - Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil .
| | - Bruna Candia Piccoli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Fernanda D'Avila da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Luciano Dornelles
- LabSelen-NanoBio - Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil .
| | - João B T Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Mariana Souza Sonego
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Group , Graduate Program in Biotechnology , Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas , Brazil
| | - Karine Rech Begnini
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Group , Graduate Program in Biotechnology , Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas , Brazil
| | - Tiago Collares
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Group , Graduate Program in Biotechnology , Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas , Brazil
| | - Fabiana K Seixas
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Group , Graduate Program in Biotechnology , Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas , Brazil
| | - Oscar E D Rodrigues
- LabSelen-NanoBio - Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil .
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18
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Oboh G, Ademiluyi AO, Ogunsuyi OB, Oyeleye SI, Dada AF, Boligon AA. Cabbage and cucumber extracts exhibited anticholinesterase, antimonoamine oxidase and antioxidant properties. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganiyu Oboh
- Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology; P.M.B. 704 Akure Nigeria
| | | | - Opeyemi Babatunde Ogunsuyi
- Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology; P.M.B. 704 Akure Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Technology; Federal University of Technology; P.M.B. 704 Akure Nigeria
| | - Sunday Idowu Oyeleye
- Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology; P.M.B. 704 Akure Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Technology; Federal University of Technology; P.M.B. 704 Akure Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Felix Dada
- SLT Department (Biochemistry Unit); Federal Polytechnic Ede P.M.B 231; Ede Osun State Nigeria
| | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Departamento de Quimica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Campus Universitário Camobi Santa Maria RS Brazil
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19
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Bonacorso HG, Nogara PA, Silva FD, Rosa WC, Wiethan CW, Zanatta N, Martins MA, Rocha JB. Convergent synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel trifluoromethyl-substituted (1 H -pyrazol-1-yl)(quinolin-4-yl) methanones. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Duarte AE, Waczuk EP, Roversi K, da Silva MAP, Barros LM, da Cunha FAB, de Menezes IRA, da Costa JGM, Boligon AA, Ademiluyi AO, Kamdem JP, Rocha JBT, Burger ME. Polyphenolic Composition and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Osmotic Fragility and Cytotoxic Effects of Raphiodon echinus (Nees & Mart.) Schauer. Molecules 2015; 21:E2. [PMID: 26729080 PMCID: PMC6273766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Raphiodon echinus (R. echinus) is used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, coughs, and infectious diseases. However, no information is available on the potential antioxidant, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of this plant. In this study, the polyphenolic constituents, antioxidant capacity and potential toxic effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of R. echinus on human erythrocytes and leukocytes were investigated for the first time. R. echinus extracts showed the presence of Gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic and ellagic acids, rutin, quercitrin and quercetin. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of R. echinus exhibited antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging with IC50 = 111.9 μg/mL (EtOH extract) and IC50 = 227.9 μg/mL (aqueous extract). The extracts inhibited Fe(2+) (10 μM) induced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation in rat brain and liver homogenates. The extracts (30-480 μg/mL) did not induce genotoxicity, cytotoxicity or osmotic fragility in human blood cells. The findings of this present study therefore suggest that the therapeutic effect of R. echinus may be, in part, related to its antioxidant potential. Nevertheless, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to ascertain the safety margin of its use in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Eliene Duarte
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde-CCBS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Pimenta, Crato CEP 63.100-000, CE, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Emily Pansera Waczuk
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Katiane Roversi
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maria Arlene Pessoa da Silva
- Laboratório de Botânica Aplicada, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Pimenta, Crato CEP 63.100-000, CE, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Marivando Barros
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde-CCBS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Pimenta, Crato CEP 63.100-000, CE, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde-CCBS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Pimenta, Crato CEP 63.100-000, CE, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Química Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Pimenta, Crato CEP 63.100-000, CE, Brazil.
| | - José Galberto Martins da Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato CEP 63.105.000, CE, Brazil.
| | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Adedayo Oluwaseun Ademiluyi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
| | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-003, RS, Brazil.
| | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Marilise Escobar Burger
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
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Bonacorso HG, Silva LB, Rocha JB, Nogara PA, Waczuk EP, Silva FD, Bueno DC, Kader YN, Martins MA, Zanatta N. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of 7-amine-spiro[chromeno[4,3-b]quinoline-6,1′-cycloalkanes] as new tacrine hybrids. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Munro B, Vuong QV, Chalmers AC, Goldsmith CD, Bowyer MC, Scarlett CJ. Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Anti-Cancer Properties of Euphorbia tirucalli Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:647-61. [PMID: 26783950 PMCID: PMC4712938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4040647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia tirucalli is a succulent shrub or small tree that is native to the African continent, however, it is widely cultivated across the globe due to its use in traditional medicines to treat ailments, ranging from scorpion stings to HIV. Recent studies have identified compounds present in the latex of the plant, including a range of bi- and triterpenoids that exhibit bioactivity, including anticancer activity. This study aimed to optimize water extraction conditions for high-yield total phenolic content recovery, to prepare methanol and aqueous extracts from the aerial sections of the plant, and to test the phytochemical, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties of these extracts. Water extraction of total phenolic compounds (TPC) was optimized across a range of parameters including temperature, extraction time, and plant mass-to-solvent ratio. The water extract of the E. tirucalli powder was found to contain TPC of 34.01 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/g, which was approximately half that of the methanol extract (77.33 mg GAE/g). The results of antioxidant assays showed a uniform trend, with the methanol extract's antioxidant reducing activity exceeding that of water extracts, typically by a factor of 2:1. Regression analysis of the antioxidant assays showed the strongest correlation between extract TPC and antioxidant activity for the ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods. The methanol extract also showed greater growth inhibition capacity towards the MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line. These data suggest that further investigations are required to confirm the source of activity within the E. tirucalli leaf and stems for potential use in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Munro
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia.
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
| | - Quan V Vuong
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia.
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
| | - Anita C Chalmers
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
| | - Chloe D Goldsmith
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia.
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
| | - Michael C Bowyer
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia.
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- Pancreatic Cancer Research, Nutrition Food & Health Research Group, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia.
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
- Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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