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Aghili ZS, Magnani M, Ghatrehsamani M, Nourian Dehkordi A, Mirzaei SA, Banitalebi Dehkordi M. Intelligent berberine-loaded erythrocytes attenuated inflammatory cytokine productions in macrophages. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9381. [PMID: 38654085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes are impressive tools for drug delivery, especially to macrophages. Therefore, berberine was loaded into erythrocytes using both hypotonic pre-swelling and endocytosis methods to target macrophages. Physicochemical and kinetic parameters of the resulting carrier cells, such as drug loading/release kinetics, osmotic fragility, and hematological indices, were determined. Drug loading was optimized for the study using Taguchi experimental design and lab experiments. Loaded erythrocytes were targeted to macrophages using ZnCl2 and bis-sulfosuccinimidyl-suberate, and targeting was evaluated using flow cytometry and Wright-Giemsa staining. Differentiated macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and the inflammatory profiles of macrophages were evaluated using ELISA, western blotting, and real-time PCR. Findings indicated that the endocytosis method is preferred due to its low impact on the erythrocyte's structural integrity. Maximum loading achieved (1386.68 ± 22.43 μg/ml) at 1500 μg/ml berberine treatment at 37 °C for 2 h. Berberine successfully inhibited NF-κB translation in macrophages, and inflammatory response markers such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-23, and TNF-α were decreased by approximately ninefold, sixfold, twofold, eightfold, and twofold, respectively, compared to the LPS-treated macrophages. It was concluded that berberine-loaded erythrocytes can effectively target macrophages and modulate the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadat Aghili
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mehdi Ghatrehsamani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Azar Nourian Dehkordi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Mirzaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Banitalebi Dehkordi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Chelebieva ES, Kladchenko ES, Mindukshev IV, Gambaryan S, Andreyeva AY. ROS formation, mitochondrial potential and osmotic stability of the lamprey red blood cells: effect of adrenergic stimulation and hypoosmotic stress. Fish Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01342-5. [PMID: 38647979 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Semi-anadromous animals experience salinity fluctuations during their life-span period. Alterations of environmental conditions induce stress response where catecholamines (CA) play a central role. Physiological stress and changes in external and internal osmolarity are frequently associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this work, we studied the involvement of the cAMP/PKA pathway in mediating catecholamine-dependent effects on osmoregulatory responses, intracellular production of ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential of the river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis, Linnaeus, 1758) red blood cells (RBCs). We also investigated the role of hypoosmotic shock in the process of ROS production and mitochondrial respiration of RBCs. For this, osmotic stability and the dynamics of the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) following hypoosmotic swelling, intracellular ROS levels, and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed in RBCs treated with epinephrine (Epi, 25 μM) and forskolin (Forsk, 20 μM). Epi and Forsk markedly reduced the osmotic stability of the lamprey RBCs whereas did not affect the dynamics of the RVD response in a hypoosmotic environment. Activation of PKA with Epi and Forsk increased ROS levels and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential of the lamprey RBCs. In contrast, upon hypoosmotic shock enhanced ROS production in RBCs was accompanied by increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Overall, a decrease in RBC osmotic stability and the enhancement of ROS formation induced by β-adrenergic stimulation raises concerns about stress-associated changes in RBC functions in agnathans. Increased ROS production in RBCs under hypoosmotic shock indicates that a decrease in blood osmolarity may be associated with oxidative damage of RBCs during lamprey migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina S Chelebieva
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, Moscow Representative Office A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Leninsky Ave 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Ekaterina S Kladchenko
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, Moscow Representative Office A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Leninsky Ave 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Igor V Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
| | - Alexandra Yu Andreyeva
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, Moscow Representative Office A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Leninsky Ave 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
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Adele BO, Idama C, Ige AO, Odetola AO, Emediong IE, Adewoye EO. Alterations in plasma and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition following exposure to toxic copper level affect membrane deformability and fluidity in female wistar rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127316. [PMID: 37862897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deformability and fluidity function of the red blood cell membrane are properties defined by the lipid composition. Toxic copper level induces membrane lipid peroxidation which could cause membrane instability. This study therefore investigated the effect of exposure to toxic copper level for 30 days on red blood cell membrane deformability and fluidity in female Wistar rats. METHODS Twelve (12) female Wistar rats (160 ± 10 g) were randomly grouped (n = 6) into control (given 0.1 ml distilled water p.o.) and copper-toxic (100 mg/kg Copper Sulphate, p.o.), and treated for 30 days. Plasma obtained and RBC membrane prepared from blood collected over EDTA post-treatment were assayed for total cholesterol (TC), phospholipids and fatty acid profile using spectrophotometry and Gas chromatography while heparinized blood was subjected to fragility test. Data were analyzed using student T-test for statistical significance at p < 0.05. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Plasma TC increased by 4.33% while RBC membrane TC decreased by 20.32% in copper-toxic group compared to control. Compared to control, excess copper significantly increased membrane phospholipids level (0.72 ± 0.01 vs 0.59 ± 0.04 mg/dL) but reduced membrane cholesterol/phospholipid ratio (46.61 ± 4.72 vs 72.66 ± 6.47) and stability (by 23.53%). Number of cis- and saturated fatty acids increased in copper-treated plasma and RBC membrane compared to control. Exposure to toxic copper level alters erythrocyte membrane fluidity and deformability by disrupting membrane lipid composition, saturation, bond configuration in phospholipids and permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Omokheshi Adele
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Chidimma Idama
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi O Ige
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Olusoji Odetola
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Idara Emmanuel Emediong
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Elsie Olufunke Adewoye
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Yamaguchi T, Hirakawa R, Ochiai H. Correlation between sphingomyelin and the membrane stability of mammalian erythrocytes. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 265:110833. [PMID: 36738823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid compositions of mammalian erythrocyte membranes are different among species. Therefore, the information on hemolysis from mammalian erythrocytes is useful to understand membrane properties of human erythrocytes. In this work, pressure-induced hemolysis and hypotonic one were examined using erythrocytes of human, sheep, cow, cat, dog, pig, horse, rat, and mouse. Pressure-induced hemolysis was suppressed by membrane sphingomyelin, whereas hypotonic hemolysis decreased upon increment of cell diameter. Mass spectra of erythrocyte membrane lipids demonstrated that sphingomyelin with an acyl chain 24:1 was associated with the suppression of pressure-induced hemolysis. In cow erythrocytes, pressure-induced hemolysis was greatly suppressed and the detachment of cytoskeletal proteins from the membrane under hypotonic conditions was also inhibited. Taken together, these results suggest that sphingomyelin with 24:1 fatty acid plays an important role in the stability of the erythrocyte membrane, perhaps via cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma 8-19-1, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Ruka Hirakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma 8-19-1, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ochiai
- Research Institute of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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Lima D, Ribicki A, Gonçalves L, Hacke ACM, Lopes LC, Pereira RP, Wohnrath K, Fujiwara ST, Pessôa CA. Nanoconjugates based on a novel organic-inorganic hybrid silsesquioxane and gold nanoparticles as hemocompatible nanomaterials for promising biosensing applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112355. [PMID: 35158220 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new hybrid organic-inorganic silsesquioxane material, 3-n-propyl(2-amino-4-methyl)pyridium chloride (SiAMPy+Cl-), was synthesized and successfully applied for the synthesis of stable nanoconjugates with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-SiAMPy+). SiAMPy+Cl- was obtained through a simple sol-gel procedure by using chloropropyltrimetoxysilane and tetraethylorthosilicate as precursors and 2-amino-4-methylpyridine as the functionalizing agent. The resulting material was characterized by employing FTIR, XRD, and 1H-, 13C-, and 29Si-NMR spectroscopy. The synthesis of AuNPs-SiAMPy+ nanoconjugates was optimized through a 23 full factorial design. UV-VIS, FTIR, TEM, DLS, and ζ-potential measurements were used to characterize the nanoconjugates, which presented a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 5.8 nm. To investigate the existence of toxic effects of AuNPs-SiAMPy+ on blood cells, which is essential for their future biomedical applications, toxicity assays on human erythrocytes and leukocytes were performed. Interestingly, no cytotoxic effects were observed for both types of cells. The nanoconjugates were further applied in the construction of electrochemical immunosensing devices, aiming the detection of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in serum as biomarkers of Chagas disease. The AuNPs-SiAMPy+ significantly enhanced the sensitivity of the biodevice, which was able to discriminate between anti-T. cruzi positive and negative serum samples. Thus, the AuNPs-SiAMPy+-based biosensor showed great potential to be used as a new tool to perform fast and accurate diagnosis of Chagas disease. The promising findings described herein strongly confirm the remarkable potential of SiAMPy+Cl- to obtain nanomaterials, which can present notable biomedical properties and applications.
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Guimarães-Nobre CC, Mendonça-Reis E, Passinho-da-Costa L, Miranda-Alves L, Clemilson Berto-Junior H. Signaling Pathway in the Osmotic Resistance Induced by Angiotensin II AT2 Receptor Activation in Human Erythrocytes. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 10:314-26. [PMID: 34604421 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.2.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Angiotensin II regulates blood volume via AT1 (AT1R) and AT2 (AT2R) receptors. As cell integrity is an important feature of mature erythrocyte, we sought to evaluate, in vitro, whether angiotensin II modulates resistance to hemolysis and the signaling pathway involved. Methods Human blood samples were collected and hemolysis assay and angiotensin II signaling pathway profiling in erythrocytes were done. Results Hemolysis assay created a hemolysis curve in presence of Ang II in several concentrations (10-6 M, 10-8 M, 10-10 M, 10-12 M). Angiotensin II demonstrated protective effect, both in osmotic stressed and physiological situations, by reducing hemolysis in NaCl 0.4% and 0.9%. By adding receptors antagonists (losartan, AT1R antagonist and PD 123319, AT2R antagonist) and/or signaling modulators for AMPK, Akt/PI3K, p38 and PKC we showed the protective effect was enhanced with losartan and abolished with PD 123319. Also, we showed activation of p38 as well as PI3K/Akt pathways in this system. Conclusion Ang II protects human erythrocytes from hypo-osmotic conditions-induced hemolysis by activating AT2 receptors and triggering intracellular pathways.
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Andreyeva AY, Kladchenko ES, Sudnitsyna JS, Krivchenko AI, Mindukshev IV, Gambaryan S. Protein kinase A activity and NO are involved in the regulation of crucian carp (Carassius carassius) red blood cell osmotic fragility. Fish Physiol Biochem 2021; 47:1105-1117. [PMID: 34052972 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00971-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the cAMP pathway by β-adrenergic stimulation and cGMP pathway by activation of guanylate cyclase substantially affects red blood cell (RBC) membrane properties in mammals. However, whether similar mechanisms are involved in RBC regulation of lower vertebrates, especially teleosts, is not elucidated yet. In this study, we evaluated the effects of adenylate cyclase activation by epinephrine and forskolin, guanylate cyclase activation by sodium nitroprusside, and the role of Na+/H+-exchanger in the changes of osmotic fragility and regulatory volume decrease (RVD) response in crucian carp RBCs. Western blot analysis of protein kinase A and protein kinase G substrate phosphorylation revealed that changes in osmotic fragility were regulated via the protein kinase A, but not protein kinase G signaling pathway. At the same time, the RVD response in crucian carp RBCs was not affected either by activation of adenylate or guanylate cyclase. Adenylate cyclase/protein kinase A activation significantly decreased RBC osmotic fragility, i.e., increased cell rigidity. Inhibition of Na+/H+-exchanger by amiloride had no effect on the epinephrine-mediated decrease of RBC osmotic fragility. NO donor SNP did not activate guanylate cyclase, however affected RBCs osmotic fragility by protein kinase G-independent mechanisms. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and NO are involved in the regulation of crucian carp RBC osmotic fragility, but not in RVD response. The authors confirm that the study has no clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Yu Andreyeva
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Moscow Representative Office A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Leninsky ave 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223.
| | - Ekaterina S Kladchenko
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Moscow Representative Office A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Leninsky ave 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Julia S Sudnitsyna
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, RAS, Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya Str., 30, Moscow, Russia, 109029
| | - Aleksander I Krivchenko
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
| | - Igor V Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Toreza, 44, St-Petersburg, Russia, 194223
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Silva-Filho R, Santos N, Santos MC, Nunes Á, Pinto R, Marinho C, Lima T, Fernandes MP, Santos JCC, Leite ACR. Impact of environmental mercury exposure on the blood cells oxidative status of fishermen living around Mundaú lagoon in Maceió - Alagoas (AL), Brazil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 219:112337. [PMID: 34029837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mercury in the aquatic environment can lead to exposure of the human population and is a known toxic metal due to its capacity for accumulation in organs. We aimed to evaluate the mercury level in the blood and urine of fishermen and correlate it with the level of oxidative stress in blood cells. We show in this case-control study that the fishermen of the exposed group (case) of Mundaú Lagoon (Maceió - Alagoas, Brazil) have higher concentrations of total mercury in the blood (0.73-48.38 μg L-1) and urine (0.430-10.2 μg L-1) than the total mercury concentrations in blood (0.29-17.30 μg L-1) and urine (0.210-2.65 μg L-1) of the control group. In the blood cells of fishermen, we observed that the lymphomononuclear cells produced high levels of reactive oxygen species (61.7%), and the erythrocytes presented increased lipid peroxidation (151%) and protein oxidation (41.0%) and a decrease in total thiol (36.5%), GSH and the REDOX state (16.5%). The activity of antioxidant system enzymes (SOD, GPx, and GST) was also reduced in the exposed group by 26.9%, 28.3%, and 19.0%, respectively. Furthermore, hemoglobin oxygen uptake was decreased in the exposed group (40.0%), and the membrane of cells presented increased osmotic fragility (154%) compared to those in the control group. These results suggest that mercury in the blood of fishermen can be responsible for causing impairments in the oxidative status of blood cells and is probably the cause of the reduction in oxygen uptake capacity and damage to the membranes of erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginaldo Silva-Filho
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil; Laboratory of Instrumentation and Development in Analytical Chemistry, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Nerveson Santos
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Mayara Costa Santos
- Laboratory of Instrumentation and Development in Analytical Chemistry, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Ábner Nunes
- Research Group of Catalysis and Chemical Reactivity, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | | | | | - Talitta Lima
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Academic Center of Victory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Academic Center of Victory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Josué Carinhanha C Santos
- Laboratory of Instrumentation and Development in Analytical Chemistry, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
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Duan SY, Chen SJ, Liang W, Chen MY, Chen Y, Guo MY. Dietary Selenium Deficiency Facilitated Reduced Stomatin and Phosphatidylserine Externalization, Increasing Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:594-603. [PMID: 32328968 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that maintains normal physiological functions in organisms. Since the discovery of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), public interest in selenoproteins has gradually increased. Based on previous studies, dietary Se maintains erythrocyte homeostasis through selenoprotein-induced mediation of redox reactions. Furthermore, both the surface phosphatidylserine (PS) and intramembrane stomatin contents can be used as indicators of erythrocyte osmotic fragility. This study focused on the mechanism by which dietary Se deficiency increases erythrocyte osmotic fragility. We fed Se-deficient grain to mice for 8 weeks to establish a Se deficiency model in mice. We measured Se levels in the blood as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes associated with selenoproteins in a Se-deficient environment. We used Western blotting, routine blood analysis, and other methods to detect red blood cell oxidative stress levels, membrane stomatin levels, and PS externalization. Fresh blood was collected to test erythrocyte osmotic fragility. The results showed that antioxidant enzyme activity was affected by dietary Se deficiency. Oxidative stress increased lipid peroxidation and the ROS content in the blood of the mice. Under such conditions, decreased PS exposure and stomatin content in the erythrocyte membrane eventually affected the structure of the erythrocyte membrane and increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Duan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Jie Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Liang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yao Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Shmukler BE, Rivera A, Bhargava P, Nishimura K, Kim EH, Hsu A, Wohlgemuth JG, Morton J, Snyder LM, De Franceschi L, Rust MB, Hubner CA, Brugnara C, Alper SL. Genetic disruption of KCC cotransporters in a mouse model of thalassemia intermedia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 81:102389. [PMID: 31835175 PMCID: PMC7002294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β-thalassemia (β-Thal) is caused by defective β-globin production leading to globin chain imbalance, aggregation of free alpha chain in developing erythroblasts, reticulocytes, and mature circulating red blood cells. The hypochromic thalassemic red cells exhibit increased cell dehydration in association with elevated K+ leak and increased K-Cl cotransport activity, each of which has been linked to globin chain imbalance and related oxidative stress. We therefore tested the effect of genetic inactivation of K-Cl cotransporters KCC1 and KCC3 in a mouse model of β-thalassemia intermedia. In the absence of these transporters, the anemia of β-Thal mice was ameliorated, in association with increased MCV and reductions in CHCM and hyperdense cells, as well as in spleen size. The resting K+ content of β-Thal red cells was greatly increased, and Thal-associated splenomegaly slightly decreased. Lack of KCC1 and KCC3 activity in Thal red cells reduced red cell density and improved β-Thal-associated osmotic fragility. We conclude that genetic inactivation of K-Cl cotransport can reverse red cell dehydration and partially attenuate the hematologic phenotype in a mouse model of β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris E Shmukler
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Parul Bhargava
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Katherine Nishimura
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Edward H Kim
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Ann Hsu
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Jay G Wohlgemuth
- Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA, United States of America
| | - James Morton
- Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Dept. of Medicine, Universita Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco B Rust
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Seth L Alper
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
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Shmukler BE, Rivera A, Bhargava P, Nishimura K, Hsu A, Kim EH, Trudel M, Rust MB, Hubner CA, Brugnara C, Alper SL. Combined genetic disruption of K-Cl cotransporters and Gardos channel KCNN4 rescues erythrocyte dehydration in the SAD mouse model of sickle cell disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 79:102346. [PMID: 31352162 PMCID: PMC6744291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.102346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Excessive red cell dehydration contributes to the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD). The densest fraction of sickle red cells (with the highest corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) undergoes the most rapid polymerization of deoxy-hemoglobin S, leading to accelerated cell sickling and increased susceptibility to endothelial activation, red cell adhesion, and vaso-occlusion. Increasing red cell volume in order to decrease red cell density can thus serve as an adjunct therapeutic goal in SCD. Regulation of circulating mouse red cell volume and density is mediated largely by the Gardos channel, KCNN4, and the K-Cl cotransporters, KCC3 and KCC1. Whereas inhibition of the Gardos channel in subjects with sickle cell disease increased red cell volume, decreased red cell density, and improved other hematological indices in subjects with SCD, specific KCC inhibitors have not been available for testing. We therefore investigated the effect of genetic inactivation of KCC3 and KCC1 in the SAD mouse model of sickle red cell dehydration, finding decreased red cell density and improved hematological indices. We describe here generation of mice genetically deficient in the three major red cell volume regulatory gene products, KCNN4, KCC3, and KCC1 in C57BL6 non-sickle and SAD sickle backgrounds. We show that combined loss-of-function of all three gene products in SAD mice leads to incrementally increased MCV, decreased CHCM and % hyperchromic cells, decreased red cell density (phthalate method), increased resistance to hypo-osmotic lysis, and increased cell K content. The data show that combined genetic deletion of the Gardos channel and K-Cl cotransporters in a mouse SCD model decreases red cell density and improves several hematological parameters, supporting the strategy of combined pharmacological inhibition of these ion transport pathways in the adjunct treatment of human SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris E Shmukler
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Parul Bhargava
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Katherine Nishimura
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ann Hsu
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Edward H Kim
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Marie Trudel
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Molecular Genetics and Development, Faculte de Medecine, Universite of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marco B Rust
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Seth L Alper
- Renal Division and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
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Salvagno GL, Demonte D, Dima F, Bovo C, Lippi G. Stability of refrigerated whole blood samples for osmotic fragility test. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2019; 42:134-138. [PMID: 31439519 PMCID: PMC7248511 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The osmotic fragility test (OFT), conventionally used for assisting the diagnosis of many erythrocyte disorders, is a manual and time-consuming analysis not daily performed in many medical laboratories. This study was aimed at defining the stability of whole blood samples used for assessing erythrocyte osmotic resistance. Methods Twenty-one consecutive routine whole blood samples collected into 5.4 mg K2EDTA were tested immediately after collection (day 0) and at different time intervals afterward (day 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 and 14) after storage at 4 °C. The OFT was performed with the Osmored Monotest (1.3% glycerol; Eurospital, Trieste, Italy). Results at the different time points were compared with those obtained at day 0 and with the reference change value (i.e., 33%). Results The median value of both hyperosmolar and hyposmolar resistance increased from baseline, reaching statistical significance at day 7 for hyperosmolar resistance and at day 1 for hyposmolar resistance, respectively. The median relative increase of hemolysis percentage values become greater than the reference change value at day 3 for hyposmolar resistance, while this limit was never overcome for hyperosmolar resistance. A significant inverse association was found between the mean increase in hyperosmolar resistance and the baseline value of hyperosmolar resistance (r = −0.92), mean corpuscular volume (MCV; r = −0.46) or mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH; r = −0.44), as well as between the mean increase in hyposmolar resistance and the baseline value of hyposmolar resistance (r = −0.86), or patient age (r = −0.56). Conclusions The sample stability seems critical for the OFT. Whole blood specimens should not be stored refrigerated at 4 °C for >2 days before testing.
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Chari PS, Prasad S. Flow Cytometric Eosin-5'-Maleimide Test is a Sensitive Screen for Hereditary Spherocytosis. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2018; 34:491-494. [PMID: 30127559 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-017-0907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by mild to moderate hemolysis resulting from red cell membrane protein defects. Diagnostic tests include hemogram, reticulocyte count and blood smear evaluation, osmotic fragility, cryohemolysis, SDS-PAGE, flow cytometry using eosin-5'-maleimide (EMA) and genetic studies. We evaluated the flow cytometric EMA-binding test and compared it with osmotic fragility in 51 consecutive cases of suspected HS aged between 10 days and 62 years. In addition, 4 cases suspected on blood smears underwent EMA testing alone. The 16 EMA-positive cases who were determined to have HS had overlapping hemoglobin levels and reticulocyte counts with the 35 patients with normal EMA results, highlighting the importance of the flow cytometric test in providing a definitive diagnosis. Flow cytometric EMA binding test was thus a simple and relatively faster method to confirm HS in our experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi S Chari
- Anand Diagnostic Laboratory, 54, Bowring Tower, Bowring Hospital Road, Shivajinagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560001 India
| | - Sujay Prasad
- Anand Diagnostic Laboratory, 54, Bowring Tower, Bowring Hospital Road, Shivajinagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560001 India
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Pradeep SR, Srinivasan K. Haemato-protective influence of dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds is potentiated by onion (Allium cepa L.) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:372-81. [PMID: 29275179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently reported the beneficial modulation of metabolic abnormalities and oxidative stress in diabetic rats by dietary fenugreek seeds and onion. This investigation evaluated the protective influence of dietary fenugreek seeds (100 g kg-1) and onion (30 g kg-1) on erythrocytes of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, through modulation of reduced haematological indices and antisickling potency. This study also evaluated the altered erythrocyte membrane lipid profile and beneficial countering of increased lipid peroxidation, osmotic fragility, along with reduced membrane fluidity and deformability, nitric oxide production and echinocyte formation. Dietary fenugreek seeds and onion appeared to counter the deformity and fragility of erythrocytes partially in diabetic rats by their antioxidant potential and hypocholesterolemic property. The antisickling potency of these spices was accomplished by a substantial decrease in echinocyte population and AGEs in diabetic rats. Further insight into the factors that might have reduced the fluidity of erythrocytes in diabetic rats revealed changes in the cholesterol: phospholipid ratio, fatty acid profile, and activities of membrane-bound enzymes. Dietary fenugreek seeds and onion offered a beneficial protective effect to the red blood cells, the effect being higher with fenugreek + onion. This is the first report on the hemato-protective influence of a nutraceutical food component in diabetic situation.
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Quintana MM, Vera B, Magnarelli G, Guiñazú N, Rovedatti MG. Neonatal, placental, and umbilical cord blood parameters in pregnant women residing in areas with intensive pesticide application. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:20736-20746. [PMID: 28718019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In rural populations, the proximity to areas with intensive pesticide application represents a risk factor of xenobiotic exposure. Here, we investigated whether newborns born to mothers residing in an area with intensive pesticide application show alterations in placental and neonatal morphometric standards, umbilical cord blood (UCB) biochemical parameters, and/or biomarkers related to oxidative stress and oxidative damage. Samples were collected from 151 healthy pregnant women residing in a rural area (rural group; RG) during the pesticide spraying (SS) and nonspraying (NSS) seasons, as well as from women from an urban population (control group; CG), and grouped according to the delivery type (vaginal or cesarean). In the vaginal delivery group, the placental weight and placental index were higher in the RG groups than in the CG (p = 0.01), whereas in the cesarean delivery group, newborn weight was lower in the RG-SS group than in the CG. In the RG-SS group, UCB erythrocyte osmotic fragility and the DNA damage index (DI) were higher, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was lower than in the RG-NSS group. Acetylcholinesterase and SOD activities were found to be inversely correlated with the DI.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martha Quintana
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Av. Luis Toschi y Los Arrayanes, 8324, Cipolletti, Río Negro, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, 8300, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Berta Vera
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Av. Luis Toschi y Los Arrayanes, 8324, Cipolletti, Río Negro, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, 8300, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Gladis Magnarelli
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Av. Luis Toschi y Los Arrayanes, 8324, Cipolletti, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Natalia Guiñazú
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, 8300, Neuquén, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente y la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, 8300, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Rovedatti
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de Mezclas Químicas (LATOMEQ), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 4to piso, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Panda S, Mishra A, Jena M, Rout SB, Mohapatra S. Study of Red Cell Fragility in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease in Relation to Parathyroid Hormone. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:BC29-BC32. [PMID: 28969115 PMCID: PMC5620755 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/27344.10514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anaemia is one of the common complications associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) responsible for the increase in the morbidity and mortality in such patients. Several factors have been attributed to cause renal anaemia, amongst which hyperparathyroidism is one of the less recognised reasons. Most studies have been conducted in this regard in CKD patients undergoing haemodialysis. The level of PTH in early stages of chronic kidney disease has not been much studied. The excess amount of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) secondary to CKD has been suggested to be a causative factor for anaemia. AIM To evaluate the serum PTH level in CKD patients before haemodialysis and to study the association of the haemoglobin status with the parathyroid hormone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty CKD patients above 18 years of age before haemodialysis and 25 age and sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Routine biochemical and haematological parameters such as Routine Blood Sugar (RBS), urea, creatinine, Na+, K+, Ca2+, PTH and Hb% were perfomed. Red cell osmotic fragility was measured by serial dilutions of whole blood with varying concentrations of sodium chloride ranging from 0.1% to 0.9%. RESULTS The study revealed a significant fall in Hb%, along with a rise in Median Osmotic Fragility (MOF) and PTH in the CKD patients when compared to the control group. Linear regression of PTH with Hb% revealed significant negative association between both the parameters with a R2 value of 0.677. Multilinear regression analysis of MOF and other independent variables such as Hb%, Na+, K+, Ca2+, urea, PTH and creatinine highlighted the variance of MOF by 72%, maximal variance contributed by PTH. Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.980 with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 87% in detecting osmotic fragility at a cut off value of PTH ≥100 pg/ml. CONCLUSION The underlying cause of anaemia should be identified early in the CKD patients before haemodialysis. Secondary hyperparathyroidism should be ruled out as a causative factor of anaemia to slow down the progression of the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Panda
- Associate Professsor, Department of Biochemistry, PRM Medical College, Baripada, Odisha, India
| | - Anuva Mishra
- Associate Professsor, Department of Biochemistry, VSS Medical College, Burla, Odisha, India
| | - Manoranjan Jena
- Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sashi Bhusan Rout
- Professor, Department of Nephrology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Srikrushna Mohapatra
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, PRM Medical College, Baripada, Odisha, India
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Khoshbin AR, Mohamadabadi F, Vafaeian F, Babania A, Akbarian S, Khandozi R, Sadrebazaz MA, Hatami E, Joshaghani HR. The effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on osmotic fragility of red blood cells and plasma levels of malondialdehyde in patients with breast cancer. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2015; 20:305-8. [PMID: 26109919 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma radiation effects on the erythrocyte membrane from three different functional parts, lipid bilayer, cytoskeleton and protein components. When the red cell membrane is exposed to radiation, it loses its integrity and hemoglobin leaks out. In addition, irradiation leads to lipid peroxidation and the products of this process, leading to hemolysis. The aim of the present study was to measure osmotic fragility (OF) of red blood cells and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a marker of oxidative injury in breast cancer patients treated with radiation and chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The OF test was performed using different concentrations of a salt solution. The measurement of MDA was done with chemical methods.(11) The sampling was taken during three stages of treatment: first sample was taken before starting chemotherapy, the second sample was taken before radiation therapy and the third sample was taken after radiotherapy. RESULTS No statistically significant differences between levels of MDA in these three stages of treatment were observed. However, the comparison of mean levels of MDA showed an increase after radiotherapy. The OF rate did not show significant difference (P > 0.05) during the stages of treatment. CONCLUSION In a standard treatment program of radiotherapy and chemotherapy lipid peroxidation level and OF do not significantly increase.
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Zhurova M, Lusianti RE, Higgins AZ, Acker JP. Osmotic tolerance limits of red blood cells from umbilical cord blood. Cryobiology 2014; 69:48-54. [PMID: 24836371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Effective methods for long-term preservation of cord red blood cells (RBCs) are needed to ensure a readily available supply of RBCs to treat fetal and neonatal anemia. Cryopreservation is a potential long-term storage strategy for maintaining the quality of cord RBCs for the use in intrauterine and neonatal transfusion. However, during cryopreservation, cells are subjected to damaging osmotic stresses during cryoprotectant addition and removal and freezing and thawing that require knowledge of osmotic tolerance limits in order to optimize the preservation process. The objective of this study was to characterize the osmotic tolerance limits of cord RBCs in conditions relevant to cryopreservation, and compare the results to the osmotic tolerance limits of adult RBCs. Osmotic tolerance limits were determined by exposing RBCs to solutions of different concentrations to induce a range of osmotic volume changes. Three treatment groups of adult and cord RBCs were tested: (1) isotonic saline, (2) 40% w/v glycerol, and (3) frozen-thawed RBCs in 40% w/v glycerol. We show that cord RBCs are more sensitive to shrinkage and swelling than adult RBCs, indicating that osmotic tolerance limits should be considered when adding and removing cryoprotectants. In addition, freezing and thawing resulted in both cord and adult RBCs becoming more sensitive to post-thaw swelling requiring that glycerol removal procedures for both cell types ensure that cell volume excursions are maintained below 1.7 times the isotonic osmotically active volume to attain good post-wash cell recovery. Our results will help inform the development of optimized cryopreservation protocol for cord RBCs.
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Caviezel LL, Raj K, Giger U. Comparison of 4 direct Coombs' test methods with polyclonal antiglobulins in anemic and nonanemic dogs for in-clinic or laboratory use. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:583-91. [PMID: 24433319 PMCID: PMC4004353 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulties with the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and its apparent lack of sensitivity and specificity for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) in dogs have raised skepticism regarding its diagnostic value. OBJECTIVE To compare different DATs and other hematologic parameters in dogs. ANIMALS Anticoagulated blood samples from 59 nonanemic and 46 anemic dogs (± IMHA) from a research colony and veterinary clinics. METHODS Prospective observational study: Immunochromatographic strip, gel microcolumn, and capillary techniques were compared with standard microtiter DAT using 2 polyvalent antiglobulins. Spherocytosis, autoagglutination, osmotic fragility, and clinical data were assessed. RESULTS Blood samples from all 59 nonanemic dogs were DAT-. Among 46 anemic dogs, 33 were suspected of IMHA, but only 20 were DAT+. Old and new DAT methods yielded comparable and consistent results even after storage of chilled blood samples for 1 week. Spherocytosis and autoagglutination (that did not persist after washing) were noted in 15 and 16 DAT+ dogs, respectively. The other 26 anemic dogs, including 21 previously transfused dogs and 4 with autoagglutination, tested DAT- by the other methods. Osmotic fragility was increased in 70% (19/27) of anemic and all 15 DAT+ dogs tested. Limited follow-up testing revealed DAT+ results for 3-70 days. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The novel strip and capillary DAT methods are promising adjunct in-clinic tools. Despite prior immunosuppressive treatment and presence of autoagglutination, the DAT was positive in anemic dogs with IMHA. Transfusion did not cause false DAT+ results. Our results support DAT as a cornerstone in the diagnosis of canine IMHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Caviezel
- Section of Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Harisa GI, Ibrahim MF, Alanazi F, Shazly GA. Engineering erythrocytes as a novel carrier for the targeted delivery of the anticancer drug paclitaxel. Saudi Pharm J 2013; 22:223-30. [PMID: 25061408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is formulated in a mixture of Cremophor EL and dehydrated alcohol. The intravenous administration of this formula is associated with a risk of infection and hypersensitivity reactions. The presence of Cremophor EL as a pharmaceutical vehicle contributes to these effects. Therefore, in this study, we used human erythrocytes, instead of Cremophor, as a pharmaceutical vehicle. PTX was loaded into erythrocytes using the preswelling method. Analysis of the obtained data indicates that 148.8 μg of PTX was loaded/mL erythrocytes, with an entrapment efficiency of 46.36% and a cell recovery of 75.94%. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in the mean cell volume values of the erythrocytes, whereas both the mean cell hemoglobin and the mean cell hemoglobin concentration decreased following the loading of PTX. The turbulence fragility index values for unloaded, sham-loaded and PTX-loaded erythrocytes were 3, 2, and 1 h, respectively. Additionally, the erythrocyte glutathione level decreased after PTX loading, whereas lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation increased. The release of PTX from loaded erythrocytes followed first-order kinetics, and about 81% of the loaded drug was released into the plasma after 48 h. The results of the present study revealed that PTX was loaded successfully into human erythrocytes with acceptable loading parameters and with some oxidative modification to the erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Ibrahim
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fars Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Shazly
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Ahur VM, Adenkola YA, Saganuwan SA, Ikye-Tor JT. Ameliorative properties of aqueous extract of Ficus thonningii on erythrocyte osmotic fragility induced by acetaminophen in Rattus norvegicus. Vet Res Forum 2013; 4:207-12. [PMID: 25568673 PMCID: PMC4279623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In vitro antioxidant and erythrocyte protecting activities by aqueous extract of Ficus thonningii leaves on blood cells were studied in acetaminophen treated rats. The extract was safe at limit dose of 5000 mg kg(-1) body weight. The extract demonstrated dose dependent antihemolytic effect at dose levels between 50 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight. The lowest antihemolytic effect was observed at dose level of 200 mg kg(-1) body given the lowest percentage hemolysis of 10.53 ± 1.76%, whereas the highest percentage hemolysis at dose level of 50 mg kg(-1) was 29.02 ± 7.45%. Hematology revealed erythrocytosis at dose levels of 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight. Hyperglobinemia and lymphocytopenia were observed at dose levels of 100 mg kg(-1) and 200 mg kg(-1), respectively. The extract effectively showed scavenging activity on a stable oxidative radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and a significant ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity. The plausible erythrocyte membrane protective effect may be due to its free radical scavenging activity and hence the extract can be used to improve hematological parameters and ameliorate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Masekaven Ahur
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria;,Correspondence: Victor Masekaven Ahur. DVM, MSc ,Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. E-mail:
| | - Yahaya Adenkola Adenkola
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria;
| | - Saganuwan Alhaji Saganuwan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria;
| | - Job Terungwa Ikye-Tor
- Division of Livestock Services, Benue State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Makurdi, Nigeria.
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Durgawale P, Shukla PS, Mishra S. Increased erythrocyte resistance to osmotic lysis in the acute hepatitis caused by true hepatotropic viruses non-A, non-B (nanb). Indian J Clin Biochem 1999; 14:241-4. [PMID: 23105225 PMCID: PMC3453589 DOI: 10.1007/bf02867925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An unexpected increase in erythrocyte osmotic resistance during viral hepatitis in two patients prompted study of effects of hepatitis (in Karad) on osmotic resistance. The test was performed by placing erythrocytes in saline solutions of decreasing osmolarity and osmotic fragility defined in terms of the saline concentration at which hemolysis begins. Study included 44 infected subjects (acute viral hepatitis non-A non-B). All forty four infected subjects showed abnormal results when compared to normal subjects. increased erythrocyte osmotic resistance i.e. hemolysis begins between 0.45% to 0.40% of NaCl and is completed between 0.25% to 0.20% NaCl, whereas in normal subjects. hemolysis begins between 0.50% to 0.45% NaCl and is completed between 0.35% to 0.30% NaCl. Osmotic resistance was observed with increase in total bilirubin (mean±SD) (4.6 ±3.6), direct bilirubin (3.0±2.5), SGOT (58.8±55.5) SGPT (114.2±150.3) activity. Physiologic shifts in erythrocyte osmotic resistance may be due to changes in membrane lipid ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Durgawale
- Department of Biochemistry, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, 415 110 Karad
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