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Hou Y, Huang Y, Shang Z, Ma S, Cui T, Chen A, Cui Y, Chen S. Investigating the mechanism of cornel iridoid glycosides on type 2 diabetes mellitus using serum and urine metabolites in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118065. [PMID: 38508432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cornel iridoid glycosides (CIG) are extracted from Corni fructus, a herbal medicine used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetes. However, the antidiabetic effects of CIG and the underlying metabolic mechanisms require further exploration. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to assess the antidiabetic effects and metabolic mechanism of CIG by performing metabolomic analyses of serum and urine samples of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was established by administering a low dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally after 4 weeks of feeding a high-fat diet. The model was evaluated based on several parameters, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), random blood glucose (RBG), urine volume, liver index, body weight, histopathological sections, and serum biochemical parameters. Subsequently, serum and urine metabolomics were analyzed using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS). Data were analyzed using unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Differential metabolites were examined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS After 4 weeks of treatment with different doses of CIG, varying degrees of antidiabetic effects were observed, along with reduced liver and pancreatic injury, and improved oxidative stress levels. Compared with the T2DM group, 19 and 23 differential metabolites were detected in the serum and urine of the CIG treatment group, respectively. The key metabolites involved in pathway regulation include taurine, chenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, and L-tyrosine in the serum and glycine, hippuric acid, phenylacetylglycine, citric acid, and D-glucuronic acid in the urine, which are related to lipid, amino acid, energy, and carbohydrate metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the antidiabetic effects of CIG and revealed that CIG effectively controlled metabolic disorders in T2DM rats. This seems to be meaningful for the clinical application of CIG, and can benefit further studies on CIG mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yanmei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Zihui Shang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Shichao Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Tianyi Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ali Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yongxia Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Suiqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources and Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province 450046, China.
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Tzang CC, Chi LY, Lin LH, Lin TY, Chang KV, Wu WT, Özçakar L. Taurine reduces the risk for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:29. [PMID: 38755142 PMCID: PMC11099170 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected risk factors that significantly increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Taurine has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for MetS. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of taurine supplementation on MetS-related parameters. METHODS We conducted electronic searches through databases like Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov, encompassing publications up to December 1, 2023. Our analysis focused on established MetS diagnostic criteria, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Meta-regression explored potential dose-dependent relationships based on the total taurine dose administered during the treatment period. We also assessed secondary outcomes like body composition, lipid profile, and glycemic control. RESULTS Our analysis included 1024 participants from 25 RCTs. The daily dosage of taurine in the studies ranged from 0.5 g/day to 6 g/day, with follow-up periods varying between 5 and 365 days. Compared to control groups, taurine supplementation demonstrated statistically significant reductions in SBP (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -3.999 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -7.293 to -0.706, p = 0.017), DBP (WMD = -1.509 mmHg, 95% CI = -2.479 to -0.539, p = 0.002), FBG (WMD: -5.882 mg/dL, 95% CI: -10.747 to -1.018, p = 0.018), TG (WMD: -18.315 mg/dL, 95% CI: -25.628 to -11.002, p < 0.001), but not in HDL-C (WMD: 0.644 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.244 to 1.532, p = 0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed a dose-dependent reduction in DBP (coefficient = -0.0108 mmHg per g, p = 0.0297) and FBG (coefficient = -0.0445 mg/dL per g, p = 0.0273). No significant adverse effects were observed compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Taurine supplementation exhibits positive effects on multiple MetS-related factors, making it a potential dietary addition for individuals at risk of or already experiencing MetS. Future research may explore dose-optimization strategies and potential long-term benefits of taurine for MetS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chen Tzang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Liang-Yun Chi
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Long-Huei Lin
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Yu Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Inc., Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ke-Vin Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Center for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wang-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wei-Ting Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Levent Özçakar
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
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Guo X, Ou T, Yang X, Song Q, Zhu L, Mi S, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen W, Guo J. Untargeted metabolomics based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/MS reveals the lipid-lowering mechanism of taurine in hyperlipidemia mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1367589. [PMID: 38706565 PMCID: PMC11066166 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1367589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Taurine has a prominent lipid-lowering effect on hyperlipidemia. However, a comprehensive analysis of the effects of taurine on endogenous metabolites in hyperlipidemia has not been documented. This study aimed to explore the impact of taurine on multiple metabolites associated with hyperlipidemia. Methods The hyperlipidemic mouse model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Taurine was administered via oral gavage at doses of 700 mg/kg/day for 14 weeks. Evaluation of body weight, serum lipid levels, and histopathology of the liver and adipose tissue was performed to confirm the lipid-lowering effect of taurine. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS)-based metabonomics analyses of serum, urine, feces, and liver, coupled with multivariate data analysis, were conducted to assess changes in the endogenous metabolites. Results and discussion Biochemical and histological examinations demonstrated that taurine administration prevented weight gain and dyslipidemia, and alleviated lipid deposition in the liver and adipose tissue in hyperlipidemic mice. A total of 76 differential metabolites were identified by UPLC-MS-based metabolomics approach, mainly involving BAs, GPs, SMs, DGs, TGs, PUFAs and amino acids. Taurine was found to partially prevent HFDinduced abnormalities in the aforementioned metabolites. Using KEGG database and MetaboAnalyst software, it was determined that taurine effectively alleviates metabolic abnormalities caused by HFD, including fatty acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, diacylglycerol metabolism, amino acid metabolism, bile acid and taurine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. Moreover, DGs, GPs and SMs, and taurine itself may serve as active metabolites in facilitating various anti-hyperlipidemia signal pathways associated with taurine. This study provides new evidence for taurine to prevent hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Ou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengquan Mi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
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Bao L, Wu B, Yang C, Xu X, Shi Z, Jiang D. Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Serum Amino Acids in T2DM Patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:203-212. [PMID: 38222033 PMCID: PMC10788071 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s444987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Amino acids are the important metabolites in the body and play a crucial role in biological processes. The purpose of this study is to provide a profile of amino acids change in the serum of T2DM patients and identify potential biomarkers. Patients and Methods In this study, we quantitatively determined the serum amino acid profiles of 30 T2DM patients and 30 healthy volunteers. T test and multivariate statistical analysis were used to identify candidate biomarkers with GraphPad Prism 9.5 software and MetaboAnalyst 5.0 on-line platform. Results Thirty-four amino acids were quantified, and 19 amino acid levels differed significantly between T2DM and Healthy groups. Screened by the specific screening criteria (VIP>1.0; P<0.05; FC>1.5, or FC<0.67) in MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform, 8 amino acids were identified as potential biomarkers. Pearson rank correlation test showed 14 differential amino acids were significantly correlated with T2DM-related physiological parameters. Conclusion The results of this study provide theoretical basis for the subsequent development of dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-Characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Institute for TCM-X, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division, BNRIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-Characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiqiao Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-Characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyuan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-Characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dechun Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-Characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Wang L, Chen Z, Liu X, Wang L, Zhou Y, Huang J, Liu Z, Lin D, Liu L. GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Improves Mitochondrial Energy Status and Attenuates Nephrotoxicity In Vivo and In Vitro. Metabolites 2023; 13:1121. [PMID: 37999218 PMCID: PMC10672795 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
High-sugar and high-fat diets cause significant harm to health, especially via metabolic diseases. In this study, the protective effects of the antidiabetic drug exenatide (synthetic exendin-4), a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, on high-fat and high-glucose (HFHG)-induced renal injuries were investigated in vivo and in vitro. In vivo and in vitro renal injury models were established. Metabolomic analysis based on 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance was performed to examine whether exenatide treatment exerts a protective effect against kidney injury in diabetic rats and to explore its potential molecular mechanism. In vivo, 8 weeks of exenatide treatment resulted in the regulation of most metabolites in the diabetes mellitus group. In vitro results showed that exendin-4 restored the mitochondrial functions of mesangial cells, which were perturbed by HFHG. The effects of exendin-4 included the improved antioxidant capacity of mesangial cells, increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and reduced protein expression of cyt-c and caspase-3 activation. In addition, exendin-4 restored mesangial cell energy metabolism by increasing succinate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase activities and glucose consumption while inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 activity. In conclusion, GLP-1 agonists improve renal injury in diabetic rats by ameliorating metabolic disorders. This mechanism could be partially related to mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Zhou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China;
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Lijing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Jingze Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Donghai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (Z.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Libin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
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Ahmed K, Choi HN, Yim JE. The Impact of Taurine on Obesity-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms Underlying Its Effect. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:482-492. [PMID: 37846056 PMCID: PMC10613769 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the potential benefits of taurine in ameliorating the metabolic disorders of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), highlighting the factors that bridge these associations. Relevant articles and studies were reviewed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between obesity and the development of T2D and the effect of taurine on those conditions. The loss of normal β-cell function and development of T2D are associated with obesity-derived insulin resistance. The occurrence of diabetes has been linked to the low bioavailability of taurine, which plays critical roles in normal β-cell function, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation. The relationships among obesity, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and T2D are complex and intertwined. Taurine may play a role in ameliorating these metabolic disorders through different pathways, but further research is needed to fully understand its effects and potential as a therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Ha-Neul Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
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Sarnobat D, Moffett RC, Ma J, Flatt PR, McClenaghan NH, Tarasov AI. Taurine rescues pancreatic β-cell stress by stimulating α-cell transdifferentiation. Biofactors 2023. [PMID: 36714992 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The semi-essential ubiquitous amino acid taurine has been shown to alleviate obesity and hyperglycemia in humans; however, the pathways underlying the antidiabetic actions have not been characterized. We explored the effect of chronic taurine exposure on cell biology of pancreatic islets, in degenerative type 1-like diabetes. The latter was modeled by small dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection for 5 days in mice, followed by a 10-day administration of taurine (2% w/v, orally) in the drinking water. Taurine treatment opposed the detrimental changes in islet morphology and β-/α-cell ratio, induced by STZ diabetes, coincidentally with a significant 3.9 ± 0.7-fold enhancement of proliferation and 40 ± 5% reduction of apoptosis in β-cells. In line with these findings, the treatment counteracted an upregulation of antioxidant (Sod1, Sod2, Cat, Gpx1) and downregulation of islet expansion (Ngn3, Itgb1) genes induced by STZ, in a pancreatic β-cell line. At the same time, taurine enhanced the transdifferentiation of α-cells into β-cells by 2.3 ± 0.8-fold, echoed in strong non-metabolic elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels in pancreatic α-cells. Our data suggest a bimodal effect of dietary taurine on islet β-cell biology, which combines the augmentation of α-/β-cell transdifferentiation with downregulation of apoptosis. The dualism of action, stemming presumably from the intra- and extracellular modality of the signal, is likely to explain the antidiabetic potential of taurine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Sarnobat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | | | - Jinfang Ma
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter R Flatt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Neville H McClenaghan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland
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Park S, Oh S, Kim EK. Glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide leads to multiple metabolic alterations in diet-induced obese mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102682. [PMID: 36356900 PMCID: PMC9730228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, has beneficial metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Although the high efficacy of liraglutide as an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity drug is well known, liraglutide-induced metabolic alterations in diverse tissues remain largely unexplored. Here, we report the changes in metabolic profiles induced by a 2-week subcutaneous injection of liraglutide in diet-induced obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Our comprehensive metabolomic analyses of the hypothalamus, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle showed that liraglutide intervention led to various metabolic alterations in comparison with diet-induced obese or nonobese mice. We found that liraglutide remarkably coordinated not only fatty acid metabolism in the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle but also amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism in plasma and liver. Comparative analyses of metabolite dynamics revealed that liraglutide rewired intertissue metabolic correlations. Our study points to a previously unappreciated metabolic alteration by liraglutide in several tissues, which may underlie its therapeutic effects within and across the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokjae Park
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Neurometabolomics Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjoon Oh
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Neurometabolomics Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Neurometabolomics Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea,For correspondence: Eun-Kyoung Kim
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Effect of taurine on glycaemic, lipid and inflammatory profile in individuals with type 2 diabetes: study protocol of a randomised trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1871-1876. [PMID: 36047065 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia. Despite the efficacy of conventional pharmacotherapy, some individuals do not reach glycaemic goals and require adjuvant therapies. Taurine, a semi-essential amino acid, decreases blood glucose and cholesterol levels in rodents and humans. However, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has not been evaluated in randomised controlled trials after taurine treatment for more than 12 weeks. This study aims to evaluate the effect of taurine administration on glycaemic, lipid, inflammatory, anthropometric and dietary parameters in individuals with T2DM. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial will be conducted at the Clinical Research Center of a tertiary public hospital. Participants with T2DM (n 94) will be recruited and randomised to receive 3 g of taurine or placebo, twice/day, orally, for 12 weeks. Blood samples will be collected before and after 12 weeks of treatment, when HbA1c, fasting glucose, insulin, albuminuria, creatinine, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, TNF-α, IL 1, 4, 5, 6, 10 and 13 will be evaluated. Anthropometric parameters and 24-hour food recall will also be evaluated. The study will evaluate the effect of taurine treatment on biochemical and anthropometric parameters in individuals with T2DM. These results will guide the decision-making to indicate taurine treatment as an adjunct in individuals with T2DM who have not reached their glycaemic goal.
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Huang Y, Lu J, Zhao Q, Chen J, Dong W, Lin M, Zheng H. Potential Therapeutic Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Diabetes in Rodents: A Review from an NMR-Based Metabolomics Perspective. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165109. [PMID: 36014349 PMCID: PMC9414875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat diabetes for a long time, but its application has not been widely accepted due to unstandardized product quality and complex pharmacological mechanisms. The modernization of TCM is crucial for its further development, and in recent years the metabolomics technique has largely driven its modernization. This review focuses on the application of NMR-based metabolomics in diabetic therapy using TCM. We identified a series of metabolic pathways that altered significantly after TCM treatment, providing a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms of TCM for diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinli Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qihui Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Junli Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Minjie Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence:
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Effects of Amino Acids Supplementation on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153050. [PMID: 35893906 PMCID: PMC9332103 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes are representing symptoms of metabolic syndrome, which is often accompanied with hepatic fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Since liver is the major site of glucose and lipid metabolism, this study aimed to understand the effects of SCAAs and BCAAs supplementations on glucose and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. These cells were pretreated with SAMe, betaine, taurine, and BCAA for 24 h, followed by treatments of a high concentration of glucose (50 mM) or palmitic acid (PA, 0.5 mM) for 48 h to simulate high-glucose and high-fat environments. Pretreatment of BCAA and SCAAs inhibited the fat accumulation. At the transcriptional level, glucose and PA treatment led to significant increase of mRNA gluconeogenic enzyme. The mRNA expression level of GLUT2 was decreased by 20% in the SAMe-treated group and inhibited glucose synthesis by reducing the level of gluconeogenic enzyme. After SAMe or BCAA pretreatment, the mRNA expression of lipogenic enzymes was decreased. The PPAR-γ expression was increased after BCAA pretreatment, but SAMe not only downregulated the expression of PPAR-γ, but also inhibited the expression of ChREBP approximately 20% and SREBP-1c decreased by about 15%. Taken together, the effect of SAMe on glucose and lipid metabolism is significant especially on inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis under the metabolic syndrome environment.
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12
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Guo Q, Zhang L, Yin Y, Gong S, Yang Y, Chen S, Han M, Duan Y. Taurine Attenuates Oxidized Fish Oil-Induced Oxidative Stress and Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071391. [PMID: 35883883 PMCID: PMC9311513 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary taurine on lipid metabolism and liver injury in mice fed a diet high in oxidized fish oil. The ICR mice (six weeks old) were randomly assigned to six groups and fed different diets for 10 weeks: control (CON), normal plus 15% fresh fish oil diet (FFO), normal plus 15% oxidized fish oil diet (OFO), or OFO plus 0.6% (TAU1), 0.9% (TAU2) or 1.2% (TAU3) taurine. Compared to the CON group, OFO mice showed increased liver index, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum (p < 0.05). In addition, OFO mice had increased cholesterol (CHOL)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and decreased HDL-C/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio in serum (p < 0.05) compared with CON mice. Notably, dietary taurine ameliorated the liver index and AST and MDA levels in serum and liver in a more dose-dependent manner than OFO mice. In addition, compared to OFO mice, decreased levels of CHOL and ratio of CHOL/HDL-C and n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA in serum were found in TAU3-fed mice. Supplementation with TAU2 and TAU3 increased the relative mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, adipose triglyceride lipase, lipoprotein lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 in liver compared with the OFO group (p < 0.05). Moreover, impaired autophagy flux was detected in mice fed with the OFO diet, and this was prevented by taurine. These findings suggested that dietary taurine might provide a potential therapeutic choice against oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-Product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yunju Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Saiming Gong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Q.G.); (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.G.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0731-84619767
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13
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Feng X, Hu W, Hong Y, Ruan L, Hu Y, Liu D. Taurine Ameliorates Iron Overload-Induced Hepatocyte Injury via the Bcl-2/VDAC1-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4135752. [PMID: 35879990 PMCID: PMC9308541 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4135752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst and liver damage. Taurine can reduce ROS production and ameliorate liver injury caused by iron overload; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Herein, L02 cells treated with 120 μM iron dextran for 48 h showed marked oxidative stress damage and significantly increased apoptosis. Taurine protected hepatocytes by stabilizing mitochondrial membranes and resisting oxidative stress damage caused by iron overload. However, transfection with siRNA Bcl-2 virus abrogated the observed protective effects. Following treatment with taurine, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) could inhibit the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), subsequently stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential by interacting with voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) of mPTP. The present study is the first to clarify the mechanism underlying taurine-afforded hepatocyte protection against iron overload-induced oxidative stress via Bcl-2-mediated inhibition of mPTP opening and the antiapoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wenfeng Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiujiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiujiang 332900, China
| | - Yujiao Hong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Linlin Ruan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yueben Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
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14
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Kp AD, Martin A. Recent insights into the molecular regulators and mechanisms of taurine to modulate lipid metabolism: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6005-6017. [PMID: 35040723 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2026873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders such as hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis that are grave public health issues. Taurine, a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid exerts a wide range of physiological effects that regulate lipid metabolic disorders. Although the effects of taurine on lipid-lowering have been reported in animals and humans, mechanisms elucidating the lipid-lowering action of taurine remain unclear. A series of molecular regulators associated with lipid metabolism have been identified in the past few decades. These include nuclear receptors, transcription factors, and enzymes that undergo important changes during taurine treatment. In this review, we focus on the role of taurine in lipid metabolism and discuss taurine-related interventions in combating lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Devi Kp
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Martin
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Surai PF, Earle-Payne K, Kidd MT. Taurine as a Natural Antioxidant: From Direct Antioxidant Effects to Protective Action in Various Toxicological Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1876. [PMID: 34942978 PMCID: PMC8698923 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention over the last 3 decades. At the same time, the attitude to free radicals is slowly changing, and their signalling role in adaptation to stress has recently received a lot of attention. Among many different antioxidants in the body, taurine (Tau), a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, is shown to have a special place as an important natural modulator of the antioxidant defence networks. Indeed, Tau is synthesised in most mammals and birds, and the Tau requirement is met by both synthesis and food/feed supply. From the analysis of recent data, it could be concluded that the direct antioxidant effect of Tau due to scavenging free radicals is limited and could be expected only in a few mammalian/avian tissues (e.g., heart and eye) with comparatively high (>15-20 mM) Tau concentrations. The stabilising effects of Tau on mitochondria, a prime site of free radical formation, are characterised and deserve more attention. Tau deficiency has been shown to compromise the electron transport chain in mitochondria and significantly increase free radical production. It seems likely that by maintaining the optimal Tau status of mitochondria, it is possible to control free radical production. Tau's antioxidant protective action is of great importance in various stress conditions in human life, and is related to commercial animal and poultry production. In various in vitro and in vivo toxicological models, Tau showed AO protective effects. The membrane-stabilizing effects, inhibiting effects on ROS-producing enzymes, as well as the indirect AO effects of Tau via redox balance maintenance associated with the modulation of various transcription factors (e.g., Nrf2 and NF-κB) and vitagenes could also contribute to its protective action in stress conditions, and thus deserve more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Surai
- Vitagene and Health Research Centre, Bristol BS4 2RS, UK
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Biochemistry and Physiology Department, Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istvan University, H-2103 Gödöllo, Hungary
| | - Katie Earle-Payne
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Renfrewshire Health and Social Care Centre, 10 Ferry Road, Renfrew PA4 8RU, UK;
| | - Michael T. Kidd
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
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16
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Miyata M, Tanaka T, Takahashi K, Funaki A, Sugiura Y. Cholesterol-lowering effects of taurine through the reduction of ileal FXR signaling due to the alteration of ileal bile acid composition. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1523-1532. [PMID: 34596761 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies using animal models of hypercholesterolemia have established that taurine reduces cholesterol levels; however, the precise mechanism underlying this cholesterol-lowering effect is unclear. This study addressed this issue by investigating whether bile acid/farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling is involved in taurine-mediated cholesterol-lowering effect. Fxr-null and wild-type mice were administered 2% (w/v) taurine in their drinking water and fed a control diet or control diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) cholesterol (cholesterol diet) for 10 days. Taurine intake did not significantly alter hepatic and serum total cholesterol (TC) levels and bile acid compositions of the liver and intestinal lumen in Fxr-null and wild-type mice fed the control diet. By changing to a cholesterol diet, taurine intake significantly decreased hepatic and serum cholesterol levels in wild-type mice. In contrast, it significantly decreased hepatic, not serum, cholesterol levels in Fxr-null mice. Taurine intake significantly altered the bile acid composition of the intestinal lumen in wild-type mice fed a cholesterol diet, but not in Fxr-null mice. An increase in FXR antagonistic bile acids was detected in the intestinal lumen of taurine-treated wild-type mice fed a cholesterol diet. Taurine intake reduced the ileal expression of FXR target genes fibroblast growth factor 15 (Fgf15) and small heterodimer partner (Shp). In contrast, it enhanced the hepatic expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) in wild-type mice fed a cholesterol diet, but not in Fxr-null mice. These results suggest that taurine is partially involved in cholesterol lowering by reducing the ileal FXR signaling due to the alteration of ileal bile acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Miyata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, 2-7-1, Nagata-honmachi, Shimonoseki, 759-6595, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Tanaka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, 2-7-1, Nagata-honmachi, Shimonoseki, 759-6595, Japan
| | - Kazuho Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, 2-7-1, Nagata-honmachi, Shimonoseki, 759-6595, Japan
| | - Akihiro Funaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, 2-7-1, Nagata-honmachi, Shimonoseki, 759-6595, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sugiura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University, 2-7-1, Nagata-honmachi, Shimonoseki, 759-6595, Japan
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17
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Effect of Continuous Feeding of Ayu-Narezushi on Lipid Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:1583154. [PMID: 34531707 PMCID: PMC8440109 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1583154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayu-narezushi, a traditional Japanese fermented food, comprises abundant levels of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and free amino acids. This study aimed to examine the potential beneficial effects of ayu-narezushi and investigated whether ayu-narezushi led to improvements in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetes (TSOD) mice model of spontaneous metabolic syndrome because useful LAB are known as probiotics that regulate intestinal function. In the present study, the increased body weight of the TSOD mice was attenuated in those fed the ayu-narezushi-comprised chow (ayu-narezushi group) compared with those fed the normal rodent chow (control group). Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the Ayu-narezushi group than in the control group at 24 weeks of age. Furthermore, hepatic mRNA levels of carnitine-palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase, which related to fatty acid oxidation, were significantly increased in the ayu-narezushi group than in the control group at 24 weeks of age. In conclusion, these results suggested that continuous feeding with ayu-narezushi improved obesity and dyslipidemia in the TSOD mice and that the activation of fatty acid oxidation in the liver might contribute to these improvements.
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18
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Effects of curcumin‐based photodynamic method on protein degradation of oysters. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Lazebnik LB, Golovanova EV, Turkina SV, Raikhelson KL, Okovityy SV, Drapkina OM, Maev IV, Martynov AI, Roitberg GE, Khlynova OV, Abdulganieva DI, Alekseenko SA, Ardatskaya MD, Bakulin IG, Bakulina NV, Bueverov AO, Vinitskaya EV, Volynets GV, Eremina EY, Grinevich VB, Dolgushina AI, Kazyulin AN, Kashkina EI, Kozlova IV, Konev YV, Korochanskaya NV, Kravchuk YA, Li ED, Loranskaya ID, Makhov VM, Mekhtiev SN, Novikova VP, Ostroumova OD, Pavlov CS, Radchenko VG, Samsonov AA, Sarsenbaeva AS, Sayfutdinov RG, Seliverstov PV, Sitkin SI, Stefanyuk OV, Tarasova LV, Tkachenko EI, Uspensky YP, Fominykh YA, Khavkin AI, Tsyganova YV, Sharhun OO. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: clinic, diagnostics, treatment. Guidelines for therapists, third version. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY 2021; 1:4-52. [DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-185-1-4-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. B. Lazebnik
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | - E. V. Golovanova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | - S. V. Turkina
- State-funded Educational Establishment of Higher Professional Education «Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation»
| | | | - S. V. Okovityy
- Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University (SPCPA)
| | - O. M. Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Russian Ministry of Health
| | - I. V. Maev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | - A. I. Martynov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | - G. E. Roitberg
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; JSC «Medicine»
| | - O. V. Khlynova
- Perm State Medical University named after academician E. A. Vagner Ministry of Health care of Russia
| | | | | | - M. D. Ardatskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Central Clinical Hospital”, of the Russian Federation Presidential Administration
| | - I. G. Bakulin
- North- Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation
| | - N. V. Bakulina
- North- Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation
| | - A. O. Bueverov
- Moscow regional research and clinical Institute of M. F. Vladimirsky
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A. N. Kazyulin
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | | | - I. V. Kozlova
- Saratov State Medical University n. a. V. I. Razumovsky
| | - Yu. V. Konev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | - N. V. Korochanskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Kuban State Medical University Health Ministry of Russian Federation
| | | | - E. D. Li
- Multifunctional medical center of the Bank of Russia
| | - I. D. Loranskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
| | - V. M. Makhov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical State University
| | - S. N. Mekhtiev
- Institute of Professional Retraining of the International Medical Center “SOGAZ”
| | | | - O. D. Ostroumova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
| | - Ch. S. Pavlov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical State University
| | | | - A. A. Samsonov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation
| | | | - R. G. Sayfutdinov
- Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, central scientifi c research laboratory
| | - P. V. Seliverstov
- North-Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation
| | - S. I. Sitkin
- North-Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of health of the Russian Federation
| | - O. V. Stefanyuk
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation; National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Russian Ministry of Health
| | | | | | | | | | - A. I. Khavkin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
| | | | - O. O. Sharhun
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
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20
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Song Q, Guo J, Zhang Y, Chen W. The beneficial effects of taurine in alleviating fatty liver disease. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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21
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Comparative Study of Metabolite Changes After Antihypertensive Therapy With Calcium Channel Blockers or Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:228-237. [PMID: 33235029 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The high prevalence of hypertension contributes to an increased global burden of cardiovascular diseases. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) are the most widely used antihypertensive drugs, and the effects of these drugs on serum metabolites remain unknown. Untargeted metabolomics has been proved to be a powerful approach for the detection of biomarkers and new compounds. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in metabolites after single-drug therapy with a CCB or ARB in patients newly diagnosed with mild to moderate primary hypertension. We enrolled 33 patients and used an untargeted metabolomics approach to measure 625 metabolites associated with the response to a 4-week treatment of antihypertensive drugs. After screening based on P < 0.05, fold change > 1.2 or fold change < 0.83, and variable importance in projection > 1, 63 differential metabolites were collected. Four metabolic pathways-cysteine and methionine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism-were identified in participants treated with ARBs. Only taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were identified in participants treated with CCBs. Furthermore, homocitrulline and glucosamine-6-phosphate were relevant to whether the blood pressure reduction achieved the target blood pressure (P < 0.05). Our study provides some evidence that changes in certain metabolites may be a potential marker for the dynamic monitoring of the protective effects and side effects of antihypertensive drugs.
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22
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Sun S, He D, Luo C, Lin X, Wu J, Yin X, Jia C, Pan Q, Dong X, Zheng F, Li H, Zhou J. Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Are Associated With Altered Amino Acid Profile in Chinese Han Population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:795044. [PMID: 35058883 PMCID: PMC8765338 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.795044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have found that the levels of plasma amino acids, such as branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids, were associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, future development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies have involved a Chinese Han population. This study aimed to examine the association between amino acid profile and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in the Chinese Han population. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, which enrolled a cohort of 473 participants from a community. We employed the isotope internal standard method to determine the plasma concentrations of 28 amino acids using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Participants were divided into MetS (n = 72) and non-MetS groups (n = 401) to analyze the association between amino acids and MetS and its components. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 15.2% according to the criteria. Plasma concentrations of isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), valine (Val), tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp), phenylalanine (Phe), glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), alanine (Ala), histidine (His), methionine (Met), asparagine (Asn), and proline (Pro) were significantly higher in the MetS group than those in the non-MetS group (P < 0.05), but taurine (Tau) was significantly lower (P < 0.05). When MetS components were increased, the concentrations of these 13 amino acids significantly increased (P < 0.05), but Tau concentration was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). We extracted the amino acid profile by principal component analysis (PCA), PC1 and PC2, which extracted from the 14 amino acids, were significantly associated with MetS (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.723, 1.325-2.085 and 1.325, 1.043-1.684, respectively). A total of 260 non-MetS participants were followed up effectively, and 42 participants developed new-onset MetS within 5 years. We found that the amino acid profile of PC1 was linked to the occurrence of future MetS. Decreased Tau was correlated with the future development of MetS. CONCLUSION Participants with MetS exhibit an abnormal amino acid profile, and its components gradually increase when these amino acids are altered. Amino acid PCA profile can be employed for assessing and monitoring MetS risk. Finally, decreased Tau may be linked to the future development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiya Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongjuan He
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, People’s Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, People’s Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, China
| | - Xihua Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahua Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueyao Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengfang Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fenping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqiang Zhou, ; Hong Li,
| | - Jiaqiang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqiang Zhou, ; Hong Li,
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Herring Milt and Herring Milt Protein Hydrolysate Are Equally Effective in Improving Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function in Diet-Induced Obese- and Insulin-Resistant Mice. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120635. [PMID: 33322303 PMCID: PMC7763884 DOI: 10.3390/md18120635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although genetic predisposition influences the onset and progression of insulin resistance and diabetes, dietary nutrients are critical. In general, protein is beneficial relative to carbohydrate and fat but dependent on protein source. Our recent study demonstrated that 70% replacement of dietary casein protein with the equivalent quantity of protein derived from herring milt protein hydrolysate (HMPH; herring milt with proteins being enzymatically hydrolyzed) significantly improved insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. As production of protein hydrolysate increases the cost of the product, it is important to determine whether a simply dried and ground herring milt product possesses similar benefits. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the effect of herring milt dry powder (HMDP) on glucose control and the associated metabolic phenotypes and further to compare its efficacy with HMPH. Male C57BL/6J mice on a high-fat diet for 7 weeks were randomized based on body weight and blood glucose into three groups. One group continued on the high-fat diet and was used as the insulin-resistant/diabetic control and the other two groups were given the high-fat diet modified to have 70% of casein protein being replaced with the same amount of protein from HMDP or HMPH. A group of mice on a low-fat diet all the time was used as the normal control. The results demonstrated that mice on the high-fat diet increased weight gain and showed higher blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, and leptin, as well as impaired glucose tolerance and pancreatic β-cell function relative to those on the normal control diet. In comparison with the high-fat diet, the replacement of 70% dietary casein protein with the same amount of HMDP or HMPH protein decreased weight gain and significantly improved the aforementioned biomarkers, insulin sensitivity or resistance, and β-cell function. The HMDP and HMPH showed similar effects on every parameter except blood lipids where HMDP decreased total cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol levels while the effect of HMPH was not significant. The results demonstrate that substituting 70% of dietary casein protein with the equivalent amount of HMDP or HMPH protein protects against obesity and diabetes, and HMDP is also beneficial to cholesterol homeostasis.
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24
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Calvo-Serra B, Maitre L, Lau CHE, Siskos AP, Gützkow KB, Andrušaitytė S, Casas M, Cadiou S, Chatzi L, González JR, Grazuleviciene R, McEachan R, Slama R, Vafeiadi M, Wright J, Coen M, Vrijheid M, Keun HC, Escaramís G, Bustamante M. Urinary metabolite quantitative trait loci in children and their interaction with dietary factors. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3830-3844. [PMID: 33283231 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human metabolism is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Previous studies have identified over 23 loci associated with more than 26 urine metabolites levels in adults, which are known as urinary metabolite quantitative trait loci (metabQTLs). The aim of the present study is the identification for the first time of urinary metabQTLs in children and their interaction with dietary patterns. Association between genome-wide genotyping data and 44 urine metabolite levels measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was tested in 996 children from the Human Early Life Exposome project. Twelve statistically significant urine metabQTLs were identified, involving 11 unique loci and 10 different metabolites. Comparison with previous findings in adults revealed that six metabQTLs were already known, and one had been described in serum and three were involved the same locus as other reported metabQTLs but had different urinary metabolites. The remaining two metabQTLs represent novel urine metabolite-locus associations, which are reported for the first time in this study [single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12575496 for taurine, and the missense SNP rs2274870 for 3-hydroxyisobutyrate]. Moreover, it was found that urinary taurine levels were affected by the combined action of genetic variation and dietary patterns of meat intake as well as by the interaction of this SNP with beverage intake dietary patterns. Overall, we identified 12 urinary metabQTLs in children, including two novel associations. While a substantial part of the identified loci affected urinary metabolite levels both in children and in adults, the metabQTL for taurine seemed to be specific to children and interacted with dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Calvo-Serra
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Chung-Ho E Lau
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Cancer Metabolism and Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kristine B Gützkow
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Sandra Andrušaitytė
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas 44248, Lithuania
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Solène Cadiou
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA
| | - Juan R González
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas 44248, Lithuania
| | | | - Rémy Slama
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Murieann Coen
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Hector C Keun
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Cancer Metabolism and Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Geòrgia Escaramís
- Departament de Biomedicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Güngel H, Erdenen F, Pasaoglu I, Sak D, Ogreden T, Kilic Muftuoglu I. New Insights into Diabetic and Vision-Threatening Retinopathy: Importance of Plasma Long Pentraxine 3 and Taurine Levels. Curr Eye Res 2020; 46:818-823. [PMID: 33044093 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1836228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate diabetic retinopathy (DR), plasma long pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) and taurine levels, and systemic factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with type 2 DM were categorized based on the presence of DR and maculopathy. Retinal findings (retinopathy, maculopathy, flame-shaped hemorrhage, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, neovascularization of the optic disc, neovascularization elsewhere, and soft exudate); laboratory findings (fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c], Taurine, PTX-3); systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were analyzed. RESULTS In this study, 39 patients with a mean age of 59.5 ± 8.1 years were included. The mean taurine level was significantly lower (p = .025) and HbA1c values were significantly higher (p = .0001) in patients with and without DR, respectively. In patients with varying severity of DR, a significant difference in the plasma taurine level was found (p = .0001). The mean PTX-3 level decreased with the severity of retinopathy; however, there was no significant difference in levels among the grading groups (p = .732). Taurine and PTX-3 levels were significantly lower in patients with maculopathy (p = .001 and p = .022, respectively) and significantly higher in patients with grade 0 maculopathy than in those with grade 1, 2, or 3 maculopathy (p = .023, p = .01, and p = .01, respectively). Patients with flame-shaped hemorrhage had significantly lower PTX-3 levels (p = .009) and higher SBP and DBP levels (p = .003, p = .023) than those without the hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS No significant relation between PTX-3 level and severity of DR was found. HbA1c, taurine, and PTX-3 levels in patients with vision-threatening DR symptoms were significantly different from those without these symptoms. Management of systemic blood pressure and glycemic control is mandatory in the follow-up of DR, and increasing the plasma taurine levels can prevent vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Güngel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Füsun Erdenen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Isil Pasaoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Sak
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülin Ogreden
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Kilic Muftuoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Maleki V, Mahdavi R, Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F, Alizadeh M. A Comprehensive Insight into Potential Roles of Taurine on Metabolic Variables in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdavi
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hajizadeh-Sharafabad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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27
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Dietary taurine stimulates the hepatic biosynthesis of both bile acids and cholesterol in the marine teleost, tiger puffer ( Takifugu rubripes). Br J Nutr 2020; 123:1345-1356. [PMID: 31959268 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Taurine (TAU) plays important roles in the metabolism of bile acids, cholesterol and lipids. However, little relevant information has been available in fish where TAU has been identified as a conditionally essential nutrient. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary TAU on the metabolism of bile acids, cholesterol and lipids in tiger puffer, which is both an important aquaculture species and a good research model, having a unique lipid storage pattern. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through seawater system. Three experimental diets differed only in TAU level, that is, 1·7, 8·2 and 14·0 mg/kg. TAU supplementation increased the total bile acid content in liver but decreased the content in serum. TAU supplementation also increased the contents of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in both liver and serum. The hepatic bile acid profile mainly includes taurocholic acid (94·48 %), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (4·17 %) and taurodeoxycholic acid (1·35 %), and the contents of all these conjugated bile acids were increased by dietary TAU. The hepatic lipidomics analysis showed that TAU tended to decrease the abundance of individual phospholipids and increase those of some individual TAG and ceramides. The hepatic mRNA expression study showed that TAU stimulated the biosynthesis of both bile acids and cholesterol, possibly via regulation of farnesoid X receptor and HDL metabolism. TAU also stimulated the hepatic expression of lipogenic genes. In conclusion, dietary TAU stimulated the hepatic biosynthesis of both bile acids and cholesterol and tended to regulate lipid metabolism in multiple ways.
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28
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de Carvalho MB, Brandao CFC, Fassini PG, Bianco TM, Batitucci G, Galan BSM, Carvalho FGD, Vieira TS, Ferriolli E, Marchini JS, da Silva ASR, de Freitas EC. Taurine Supplementation Increases Post-Exercise Lipid Oxidation at Moderate Intensity in Fasted Healthy Males. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051540. [PMID: 32466231 PMCID: PMC7285212 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the fact that taurine can increase lipid metabolism, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of acute taurine supplementation on lipid oxidation levels in healthy young men after a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise. A double-blind, acute, and crossover study design was conducted. Seventeen men (age 24.8 ± 4.07y; BMI: 23.9 ± 2.57 kg/m²) participated in the present study. Different doses of taurine (TAU) (3 g or 6 g) or placebo were supplemented 90 min before a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise (on a treadmill at 60% of VO2 max). The subjects performed three trials, and each one was separated by seven days. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after the exercise protocol of each test to analyze plasma levels of glycerol and taurine. Lipid and carbohydrate oxidation were determined immediately after exercise for 15 min by indirect calorimetry. We observed that TAU supplementation (6 g) increased lipid oxidation (38%) and reduced the respiratory coefficient (4%) when compared to the placebo (p < 0.05). However, no differences in lipid oxidation were observed between the different doses of taurine (3 g and 6 g). For glycerol concentrations, there were no differences between trials. Six grams of TAU supplementation 90 min before a single bout of aerobic exercise in a fasted state was sufficient to increase the lipid oxidation post-exercise in healthy young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Barbon de Carvalho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil; (M.B.d.C.); (G.B.); (B.S.M.G.); (T.S.V.)
| | - Camila Fernanda Cunha Brandao
- Faculty of Physical Education, State University of Minas Gerais, Divinopolis 35501-170, Brazil;
- Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (P.G.F.); (E.F.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Priscila Giacomo Fassini
- Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (P.G.F.); (E.F.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Thiago Mantello Bianco
- Ribeirao Preto Medical School. Department of Clinical Oncology, Stem Cells, and Cell Therapy. University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-907, Brazil;
| | - Gabriela Batitucci
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil; (M.B.d.C.); (G.B.); (B.S.M.G.); (T.S.V.)
| | - Bryan Steve Martinez Galan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil; (M.B.d.C.); (G.B.); (B.S.M.G.); (T.S.V.)
| | - Flávia Giolo De Carvalho
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-907, Brazil; (F.G.D.C.); (A.S.R.d.S.)
| | - Tales Sambrano Vieira
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil; (M.B.d.C.); (G.B.); (B.S.M.G.); (T.S.V.)
| | - Eduardo Ferriolli
- Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (P.G.F.); (E.F.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Julio Sergio Marchini
- Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (P.G.F.); (E.F.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-907, Brazil; (F.G.D.C.); (A.S.R.d.S.)
| | - Ellen Cristini de Freitas
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil; (M.B.d.C.); (G.B.); (B.S.M.G.); (T.S.V.)
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-907, Brazil; (F.G.D.C.); (A.S.R.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-0345
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Cerón E, Bernal-Alcántara D, Vanda B, Sommer B, Gonzalez-Trujano E, Alvarado-Vásquez N. Glycine supplementation during six months does not alter insulin, glucose or triglycerides plasma levels in healthy rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 91:451-460. [PMID: 32091321 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, glycine is used in nutritional supplements and to attenuate chronic complications of diabetes and obesity; however, its use has side effects as insulin resistance. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of chronic glycine supplementation on insulin, glucose and triglyceride levels in healthy Wistar rats. Groups were: Control (C), that received sterilized water only, glycine (GG), that received 1% glycine and taurine (TG), that received 0.5% taurine during 6 months (n = 10). Our results showed no differences in plasma insulin levels after six months of supplementation (C: 13.22 ± 2.0; GG: 11.4 ± 2.0; TG: 11.13 ± 2.0 ng/ml; p = 0.64). Likewise, neither glucose plasma concentration (C: 99.9 ± 3.9 mg/dl; GG: 104.3 ± 4.3 mg/dl; TG: 104.5 ± 4.8 mg/dl) (p = 0.88) nor triglyceride levels (C: 58.4 ± 5.6 mg/dl; GG: 46.9 ± 2.3 mg/dl; TG: 50.68 ± 3.3 mg/dl), showed differences after six months supplementation (p = 0.22). Furthermore, the analysis of glycine (C: 80 ± 24.6; GG: 83.9 ± 25.9; TG: 90.7 ± 13.5 nmol/ml) (p = 0.19) and taurine (C: 169 ± 15.17; GG: 148.7 ± 23.9; TG: 165.8 ± 22.5 nmol/ml) (p = 0.4) in the plasma of animals with supplementation showed no significant changes. Additionally, general urine tests and histological analysis of liver or kidneys showed no alterations. In conclusion, chronic supplementation with 1% glycine did not have any significant detrimental side effects in our model. However, more studies are still necessary to evaluate the effect of 1% glycine supplementation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Cerón
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Demetrio Bernal-Alcántara
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Vanda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Department of Bronchial Hyperreactivity, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Trujano
- National Institute of Psychiatry "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Noé Alvarado-Vásquez
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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31
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Charach G, Karniel E, Novikov I, Galin L, Vons S, Grosskopf I, Charach L. Reduced bile acid excretion is an independent risk factor for stroke and mortality: A prospective follow-up study. Atherosclerosis 2020; 293:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Miyata M, Funaki A, Fukuhara C, Sumiya Y, Sugiura Y. Taurine attenuates hepatic steatosis in a genetic model of fatty liver disease. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:87-94. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Miyata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Akihiro Funaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Chiaki Fukuhara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Yukino Sumiya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Yoshimasa Sugiura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
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Herring Milt Protein Hydrolysate Improves Insulin Resistance in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Male C57BL/6J Mice. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17080456. [PMID: 31382619 PMCID: PMC6724050 DOI: 10.3390/md17080456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein consumption influences glucose homeostasis, but the effect depends on the type and origin of proteins ingested. The present study was designed to determine the effect of herring milt protein hydrolysate (HPH) on insulin function and glucose metabolism in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Male C57BL/6J mice were pretreated with a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet for 6 weeks. Mice on the high-fat diet were divided into four groups where one group continued on the high-fat diet and the other three groups were fed a modified high-fat diet where 15%, 35%, and 70%, respectively, of casein was replaced with an equal percentage of protein derived from HPH. After 10 weeks, mice that continued on the high-fat diet showed significant increases in body weight, blood glucose, insulin, and leptin levels and exhibited impaired oral glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Compared to mice fed the high-fat diet, the 70% replacement of dietary casein with HPH protein reduced body weight, semi-fasting blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, insulin, leptin, and cholesterol levels and improved glucose tolerance, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) indices. The 35% replacement of dietary casein with HPH protein showed moderate effects, while the 15% replacement of dietary casein with HPH protein had no effects. This is the first study demonstrating that replacing dietary casein with the same amount of protein derived from HPH can prevent high-fat-diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
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Gabr SA, Gabr NS, Elsaed WM. Protective Activity of Taurine and Molecular Fibrogenesis in Iron Overloaded Hepatic Tissues. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.418.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sak D, Erdenen F, Müderrisoglu C, Altunoglu E, Sozer V, Gungel H, Guler PA, Sak T, Uzun H. The Relationship between Plasma Taurine Levels and Diabetic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9030096. [PMID: 30862074 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Taurine has an active role in providing glucose homeostasis and diabetes causes a decline in taurine levels. This paper investigates the relationship between taurine and diabetic complications, patients' demographic features, and biochemical parameters. Methods: Fifty-nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 28 healthy control subjects between the ages of 32 and 82 were included in the study. The mean age of subjects was 55.6 ± 10.3 and mean diabetes duration was 10.2 ± 6.0 years. The most commonly accompanying comorbidity was hypertension (HT) (64.5%, n = 38), and the most frequent diabetic complication was neuropathy (50.8%, n = 30). Plasma taurine concentrations were measured by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) kit. Results: Plasma taurine concentrations were significantly lower in diabetic patients (0.6 ± 0.1 mmol/L) than controls (0.8 ± 0.2 mmol/L) and in hypertensive (0. 6 ± 0.1 mmol/L) patients (p = 0.000, p = 0.027 respectively). Conclusion: Plasma taurine levels were decreased in patients with T2DM and this was not related to FBG, HbA1c, and microalbuminuria. With regard to complications, we only found a correlation with neuropathy. We suggest that taurine levels may be more important in the development of diabetes; however, it may also have importance for the progression of the disease and the subsequent complications. We further assert that taurine measurement at different times may highlight whether there is a causal relationship in the development of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Sak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Fusun Erdenen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Cuneyt Müderrisoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Esma Altunoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Volkan Sozer
- Department of Biochemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey.
| | - Hulya Gungel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Pınar Akca Guler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Tuncer Sak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
| | - Hafize Uzun
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
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The microRNAs Expression Profile in Sciatic Nerves of Diabetic Neuropathy Rats After Taurine Treatment by Sequencing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1155:935-947. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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The Effect of Drug Pre-treatment on Taurine Transport at the Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Under Variable Conditions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1155:959-975. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gao N, Yao X, Jiang L, Yang L, Qiu T, Wang Z, Pei P, Yang G, Liu X, Sun X. Taurine improves low-level inorganic arsenic-induced insulin resistance by activating PPARγ-mTORC2 signalling and inhibiting hepatic autophagy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5143-5152. [PMID: 30362509 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is reportedly associated with the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes in the population. Here, we found that iAs exposure significantly decreased the expression of glycolytic genes and glycogen content and increased gluconeogenesis gene levels in C57/BL6J mice. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) were decreased in the livers of iAs-treated mice. Furthermore, in iAs-treated HepG2 cells, we found that PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (RGS) increased the expression of mTORC2, inhibited autophagy, and improved glucose metabolism. mTORC2 agonist palmitic acid inhibited autophagy and improved glucose metabolism as well as the autophagosome formation inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Taurine, a natural compound, reversed impaired glucose metabolism and decreased expression of PPARγ and mTORC2 induced by iAs in mice liver and HepG2 cells. These data indicated that taurine administration could ameliorate iAs-induced insulin resistance through activating PPARγ-mTORC2 signalling and subsequently inhibiting hepatic autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Liaoning Anti-Degenerative Diseases Natural Products Engineering Research Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianming Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Department of Nutrition & Food Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Wen C, Li F, Zhang L, Duan Y, Guo Q, Wang W, He S, Li J, Yin Y. Taurine is Involved in Energy Metabolism in Muscles, Adipose Tissue, and the Liver. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800536. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Wen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center of Animal Production SafetyCICAPSHunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha 410128 China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Shanping He
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthHunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life ScienceHunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessKey Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South‐CentralMinistry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center of Animal Production SafetyCICAPSHunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha 410128 China
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Thaeomor A, Teangphuck P, Chaisakul J, Seanthaweesuk S, Somparn N, Roysommuti S. Perinatal Taurine Supplementation Prevents Metabolic and Cardiovascular Effects of Maternal Diabetes in Adult Rat Offspring. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:295-305. [PMID: 28849464 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study tests the hypothesis that perinatal taurine supplementation prevents diabetes mellitus and hypertension in adult offspring of maternal diabetic rats. Female Wistar rats were fed normal rat chow and tap water with (Diabetes group) or without diabetic induction by intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection (Control group) before pregnancy. Then, they were supplemented with 3% taurine in water (Control+T and Diabetes+T groups) or water alone from conception to weaning. After weaning, both male and female offspring were fed normal rat chow and tap water throughout the study. Blood chemistry and cardiovascular parameters were studied in 16-week old rats. Body, heart, and kidney weights were not significantly different among the eight groups. Further, lipid profiles except triglyceride were not significantly different among male and female groups, while male Diabetes displayed increased fasting blood glucose, decreased plasma insulin, and increased plasma triglyceride compared to other groups. Compared to Control, mean arterial pressures significantly increased and baroreflex control of heart rate decreased in both male and female Diabetes, while heart rates significantly decreased in male but increased in female Diabetes group. Although perinatal taurine supplementation did not affect any measured parameters in Control groups, it abolished the adverse effects of maternal diabetes on fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, lipid profiles, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and baroreflex sensitivity in adult male and female offspring. The present study indicates that maternal diabetes mellitus induces metabolic and cardiovascular defects more in male than female adult offspring, and these adverse effects can be prevented by perinatal taurine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atcharaporn Thaeomor
- School of Preclinic, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Punyaphat Teangphuck
- School of Preclinic, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Janeyuth Chaisakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suphaket Seanthaweesuk
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nuntiya Somparn
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sanya Roysommuti
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Taranukhin AG, Saransaari P, Kiianmaa K, Gunnar T, Oja SS. Comparison of Toxicity of Taurine and GABA in Combination with Alcohol in 7-Day-Old Mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 2:1021-1033. [PMID: 28849519 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we described the combined toxicity of taurine and alcohol, and assumed hypoglycemia to be one reason of this toxicity. To understand whether taurine-ethanol combined toxicity is exclusively connected to taurine or whether other inhibitory amino acids may have similar effects when combined with ethanol, we tested different doses of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in combination with ethanol in 7-day-old mice. The minimal dose of GABA in combination with 5 g/kg ethanol which could kill a mouse was 2 g/kg. GABA combined with ethanol at doses of 3 g/kg, 4 g/kg, 6 g/kg induced lethality of 30%, 90% and 100%, correspondingly. Taurine at the doses of 4 and 6 g/kg combined with ethanol induced death in 60 and 100% of mice. Ethanol (5 g/kg), taurine (6 g/kg), GABA (4 g/kg) administered alone and the combination of ethanol (5 g/kg) with taurine (3 g/kg) have no lethal effects. GABA (6 g/kg) applied alone induced 90% lethality. Taurine or GABA alone decreased blood glucose in a dose-depending manner. Ethanol potentiated GABA- and taurine-induced decrease in blood glucose and in some animals it dropped from 8.8 (intact) to a hypoglycemic level 3.1-3.3 mmol/L (GABA 4 g/kg, taurine 6 g/kg), but this may not be considered a single reason of death. We conclude that the combination of GABA and ethanol has a lethal effect and this is stronger than the combined toxicity of ethanol and taurine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kalervo Kiianmaa
- Department of Alcohol, Drugs and Addiction, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Gunnar
- Alcohol and Drug Analytics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simo S Oja
- Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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Francioso A, Fanelli S, Vigli D, Ricceri L, Cavallaro RA, Baseggio Conrado A, Fontana M, D'Erme M, Mosca L. HPLC Determination of Bioactive Sulfur Compounds, Amino Acids and Biogenic Amines in Biological Specimens. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:535-549. [PMID: 28849480 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest for analytical methods aimed to detect biological sulfur-containing amines, because of their involvement in human diseases and metabolic disorders. This work describes an improved HPLC method for the determination of sulfur containing amino acids and amines from different biological matrices. We optimized a pre-column derivatization procedure using dabsyl chloride, in which dabsylated products can be monitored spectrophotometrically at 460 nm. This method allows the simultaneous analysis of biogenic amines, amino acids and sulfo-amino compounds including carnosine, dopamine, epinephrine, glutathione, cysteine, taurine, lanthionine, and cystathionine in brain specimens, urines, plasma, and cell lysates. Moreover, the method is suitable for the study of physiological and non-physiological derivatives of taurine and glutathione such as hypotaurine, homotaurine, homocysteic acid and S-acetylglutathione. The present method displays good efficiency of derivatization, having the advantage to give rise to stable products compared to other derivatizing agents such as o-phthalaldehyde and dansyl chloride.With this method, we provide a tool to study sulfur cycle from a metabolic point of view in relation to the pattern of biological amino-compounds, allowing researchers to get a complete scenario of organic sulfur and amino metabolism in tissues and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Francioso
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Fanelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ricceri
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria A Cavallaro
- Department of Surgery "P. Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Via Antonio Scarpa, 14, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Baseggio Conrado
- Photobiology Unit, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Mario Fontana
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria D'Erme
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Choi WS, Lee JS. The Effect of Taurine Intake among Korean College Students: Serum Biochemistry and Blood Hematology. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2018.50.3.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Soon Choi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Songho University, Hoengseong, Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Hyejeon College, Hongseong, Korea
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Li C, Wang J, Song K, Meng J, Xu F, Li L, Zhang G. Construction of a high-density genetic map and fine QTL mapping for growth and nutritional traits of Crassostrea gigas. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:626. [PMID: 30134839 PMCID: PMC6106840 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4996-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both growth and nutritional traits are important economic traits of Crassostrea gigas (C. gigas) in industry. But few work has been done to study the genetic architecture of nutritional traits of the oyster. In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic map of C. gigas to help assemble the genome sequence onto chromosomes, meanwhile explore the genetic basis for nutritional traits via quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. RESULTS The constructed genetic map contained 5024 evenly distributed markers, with an average marker interval of 0.68 cM, thus representing the densest genetic map produced for the oyster. According to the high collinearity between the consensus map and the oyster genome, 1574 scaffold (about 70%) of the genome sequence of C. gigas were successfully anchored to 10 linkage groups (LGs) of the consensus map. Using this high-qualified genetic map, we then conducted QTL analysis for growth and nutritional traits, the latter of which includes glycogen, amino acid (AA), and fatty acid (FA). Overall, 41 QTLs were detected for 17 traits. In addition, six candidate genes identified in the QTL interval showed significant correlation with the traits on transcriptional levels. These genes include growth-related genes AMY and BMP1, AA metabolism related genes PLSCR and GR, and FA metabolism regulation genes DYRK and ADAMTS. CONCLUSION Using the constructed high-qualified linkage map, this study not only assembled nearly 70% of the oyster genome sequence onto chromosomes, but also identified valuable markers and candidate genes for growth and nutritional traits, especially for AA and FA that undergone few studies before. These findings will facilitate genome assembly and molecular breeding of important economic traits in C. gigas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Guofan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China.
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Sivanesan S, Taylor A, Zhang J, Bakovic M. Betaine and Choline Improve Lipid Homeostasis in Obesity by Participation in Mitochondrial Oxidative Demethylation. Front Nutr 2018; 5:61. [PMID: 30042948 PMCID: PMC6048254 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the metabolic effects of betaine (Bet) supplementation on CTP:phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase/Pcyt2 heterozygous mice (HET). HET received either no treatment or were allowed access to 1% Bet supplemented water for 8 weeks. As we previously showed with choline (Cho), Bet improved hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis in HET. The protection from obesity associated with reduced hepatic steatosis and increased lipid breakdown in adipocytes was attributed to increased energy requirements for metabolism and elimination of supplemented Bet and Cho. 1H-NMR-based profiling revealed metabolic changes caused by Bet and Cho supplementation. Cho increased the citric acid cycle intermediate succinic acid while reducing isoleucine, valine, threonine, and lysine. Bet increased α-ketoglutaric acid and did not stimulate catabolism of amino acids. Increased histidine and alanine are specific biomarkers for Bet treatment. Cho and Bet caused glycerol accumulation and reduced sarcosine, taurine, acetate, and β-hydroxybutyrate levels. These data provide new insights on how Cho and Bet supplementation can aid in treatment of obesity related disorders due to their positive effects on lipolysis, the citric acid cycle, and mitochondrial oxidative demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugashan Sivanesan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Adrian Taylor
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Junzeng Zhang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Marica Bakovic
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Heidari R, Jamshidzadeh A, Ghanbarinejad V, Ommati MM, Niknahad H. Taurine supplementation abates cirrhosis-associated locomotor dysfunction. Clin Exp Hepatol 2018; 4:72-82. [PMID: 29904723 PMCID: PMC6000746 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2018.75956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Hepatic encephalopathy and hyperammonemia is a clinical complication associated with liver cirrhosis. The brain is the target organ for ammonia toxicity. Ammonia-induced brain injury is related to oxidative stress, locomotor activity dysfunction, and cognitive deficit, which could lead to permanent brain injury, coma and death if not appropriately managed. There is no promising pharmacological intervention against cirrhosis-associated brain injury. Taurine (TAU) is one of the most abundant amino acids in the human body. Several physiological and pharmacological roles have been attributed to TAU. TAU may act as an antioxidant and is an excellent neuroprotective agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TAU supplementation on cirrhosis-associated locomotor activity disturbances and oxidative stress in the brain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery, and plasma and brain ammonia level, plasma biochemical parameters, and rats' locomotor function were monitored. Furthermore, brain tissue markers of oxidative stress were assessed. RESULTS It was found that plasma and brain ammonia was increased, and markers of liver injury were significantly elevated in the cirrhotic group. Impaired locomotor activity was also evident in BDL rats. Moreover, an increase in brain tissue markers of oxidative stress was detected in the brain of cirrhotic animals. It was found that TAU supplementation (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, gavage) alleviated brain tissue markers of oxidative stress and improved animals' locomotor activity. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that TAU is a potential protective agent against cirrhosis-associated brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akram Jamshidzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Ghanbarinejad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Niknahad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Taurine Supplementation Alleviates Puromycin Aminonucleoside Damage by Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial-Related Apoptosis in Rat Kidney. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060689. [PMID: 29843457 PMCID: PMC6024760 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine (TAU) is a sulfur-containing beta amino acid that is not involved in protein composition and anabolism, conditionally essential in mammals provided through diet. Growing evidence supports a protective role of TAU supply in osmoregulation, calcium flux, and reduction of inflammation and oxidant damage in renal diseases like diabetes. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, due to abnormal proteostasis, is a contributor to nephrotic syndrome and related renal damage. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary TAU (1.5% in drinking water for 15 days) in an established rat model that mimics human minimal change nephrosis, consisting of a single puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) injection (intraperitoneally 15 mg/100 g body weight), with sacrifice after eight days. TAU limited proteinuria and podocytes foot processes effacement, and balanced slit diaphragm nephrin and glomerular claudin 1 expressions. In cortical proximal tubules, TAU improved lysosomal density, ER perimeter, restored proper ER-mitochondria tethering and mitochondrial cristae, and decreased inflammation. Remarkably, TAU downregulated glomerular ER stress markers (GRP78, GRP94), pro-apoptotic C/EBP homologous protein, activated caspase 3, tubular caspase1, and mitochondrial chaperone GRP75, but maintained anti-apoptotic HSP25. In conclusion, TAU, by targeting upstream ER stress separate from mitochondria dysfunctions at crucial renal sites, might be a promising dietary supplement in the treatment of the drug-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
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Schaffer S, Kim HW. Effects and Mechanisms of Taurine as a Therapeutic Agent. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:225-241. [PMID: 29631391 PMCID: PMC5933890 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine is an abundant, β-amino acid with diverse cytoprotective activity. In some species, taurine is an essential nutrient but in man it is considered a semi-essential nutrient, although cells lacking taurine show major pathology. These findings have spurred interest in the potential use of taurine as a therapeutic agent. The discovery that taurine is an effective therapy against congestive heart failure led to the study of taurine as a therapeutic agent against other disease conditions. Today, taurine has been approved for the treatment of congestive heart failure in Japan and shows promise in the treatment of several other diseases. The present review summarizes studies supporting a role of taurine in the treatment of diseases of muscle, the central nervous system, and the cardiovascular system. In addition, taurine is extremely effective in the treatment of the mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and offers a new approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, and inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis. The review also addresses the functions of taurine (regulation of antioxidation, energy metabolism, gene expression, ER stress, neuromodulation, quality control and calcium homeostasis) underlying these therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Schaffer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688,
USA
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504,
Republic of Korea
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Grygorenko OO, Biitseva AV, Zhersh S. Amino sulfonic acids, peptidosulfonamides and other related compounds. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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50
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Bird RP. The Emerging Role of Vitamin B6 in Inflammation and Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2018; 83:151-194. [PMID: 29477221 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 serves as a coenzyme catalyzing more than 150 enzymes regulating metabolism and synthesis of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, heme, and important bioactive metabolites. For several years vitamin B6 and its vitamers (B6) were recognized as antioxidant and antiinflammatory and in modulating immunity and gene expression. During the last 10 years, there were growing reports implicating B6 in inflammation and inflammation-related chronic illnesses including cancer. It is unclear if the deficiency of B6 or additional intake of B6, above the current requirement, should be the focus. Whether the current recommended daily intake for B6 is adequate should be revisited, since B6 is important to human health beyond its role as a coenzyme and its status is affected by many factors including but not limited to age, obesity, and inflammation associated with chronic illnesses. A link between inflammation B6 status and carcinogenesis is not yet completely understood. B6-mediated synthesis of H2S, a gasotransmitter, and taurine in health and disease, especially in maintaining mitochondrial integrity and biogenesis and inflammation, remains an important area to be explored. Recent developments in the molecular role of B6 and its direct interaction with inflammasomes, and nuclear receptor corepressor and coactivator, receptor-interacting protein 140, provide a strong impetus to further explore the multifaceted role of B6 in carcinogenesis and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana P Bird
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
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