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Wang Z, Lan T, Jiang J, Song T, Liu J, Zhang H, Lin K. On the modification of plant proteins: Traditional methods and the Hofmeister effect. Food Chem 2024; 451:139530. [PMID: 38703723 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
With increasing consumer health awareness and demand from some vegans, plant proteins have received a lot of attention. Plant proteins have many advantages over animal proteins. However, the application of plant proteins is limited by a number of factors and there is a need to improve their functional properties to enable a wider range of applications. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of traditional methods of modifying plant proteins and the appropriate timing for their use, and collates and describes a method with fewer applications in the food industry: the Hofmeister effect. It is extremely simple but efficient in some respects compared to traditional methods. The paper provides theoretical guidance for the further development of plant protein-based food products and a reference value basis for improving the functional properties of proteins to enhance their applications in the food industry, pharmaceuticals and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Tiantong Lan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Tingyu Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ke Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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2
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Liu Z, Lin L, Li T, Premadasa UI, Hong K, Ma YZ, Sacci RL, Katsaras J, Carrillo JM, Doughty B, Collier CP. Physicochemical control of solvation and molecular assembly of charged amphiphilic oligomers at air-aqueous interfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:552-560. [PMID: 38729003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Understanding the rules that control the assembly of nanostructured soft materials at interfaces is central to many applications. We hypothesize that electrolytes can be used to alter the hydration shell of amphiphilic oligomers at the air-aqueous interface of Langmuir films, thereby providing a means to control the formation of emergent nanostructures. EXPERIMENTS Three representative salts - (NaF, NaCl, NaSCN) were studied for mediating the self-assembly of oligodimethylsiloxane methylimidazolium (ODMS-MIM+) amphiphiles in Langmuir films. The effects of the different salts on the nanostructure assembly of these films were probed using vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy and Langmuir trough techniques. Experimental data were supported by atomistic molecular dynamic simulations. FINDINGS Langmuir trough surface pressure - area isotherms suggested a surprising effect on oligomer assembly, whereby the presence of anions affects the stability of the interfacial layer irrespective of their surface propensities. In contrast, SFG results implied a strong anion effect that parallels the surface activity of anions. These seemingly contradictory trends are explained by anion driven tail dehydration resulting in increasingly heterogeneous systems with entangled ODMS tails and appreciable anion penetration into the complex interfacial layer comprised of headgroups, tails, and interfacial water molecules. These findings provide physical and chemical insight for tuning a wide range of interfacial assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zening Liu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Lu Lin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Uvinduni I Premadasa
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Ying-Zhong Ma
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Robert L Sacci
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - John Katsaras
- Neutron Scattering Division and Shull Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States; Shull Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Jan-Michael Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States.
| | - Benjamin Doughty
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States.
| | - C Patrick Collier
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States.
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3
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Chiaverini L, Tolbatov I, Marrone A, Marzo T, Biver T, La Mendola D. Unveiling the mechanism of activation of the Te(IV) prodrug AS101. New chemical insights towards a better understanding of its medicinal properties. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 256:112567. [PMID: 38669911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
AS101 (Ammonium trichloro (dioxoethylene-O,O') tellurate) is an important hypervalent Te-based prodrug. Recently, we started a systematic investigation on AS101 with the aim to correlate its promising biological effects as a potent immunomodulator drug with multiple medicinal applications and its specific chemical properties. To date, a substantial agreement on the rapid conversion of the initial AS101 species into the corresponding TeOCl3- anion does exist, and this latter species is reputed as the pharmacologically active one. However, we realized that TeOCl3- could quickly undergo further steps of conversion in an aqueous medium, eventually producing the TeO2 species. Using a mixed experimental and theoretical investigation approach, we characterized the conversion process leading to TeO2 occurring both in pure water and in reference buffers at physiological-like pH. Our findings may offer a valuable "chemical tool" for a better description, interpretation -and optimization- of the mechanism of action of AS101 and Te-based compounds. This might be a starting point for improved AS101-based medicinal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Chiaverini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa. Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Iogann Tolbatov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa. Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tarita Biver
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi, 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa. Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Crescenzi O, Graziano G. The interaction of thiocyanate with peptides-A computational study. J Comput Chem 2024. [PMID: 38795315 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
According to the Hofmeister series, thiocyanate is the strongest "salting in" anion. In fact, it has a strong denaturant activity against the native state of globular proteins. A molecular level rationalization of the Hofmeister series is still missing, and therefore the denaturant activity of thiocyanate also awaits a robust explanation. In the last years, different types of experimental studies have shown that thiocyanate is capable to directly interact with both polar and nonpolar groups of polypeptide chains. This finding has been scrutinized via a careful computational procedure based on density functional theory approaches. The results indicate that thiocyanate is able to make H-bonds via both the nitrogen and sulfur atom, and to make strong van der Waals interactions with almost all the groups of polypeptide chains, regardless of their polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Crescenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
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5
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Jordan J, Gibb CL, Tran T, Yao W, Rose A, Mague JT, Easson MW, Gibb BC. Anion Binding to Ammonium and Guanidinium Hosts: Implications for the Reverse Hofmeister Effects Induced by Lysine and Arginine Residues. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6877-6891. [PMID: 38662908 PMCID: PMC11110012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Anions have a profound effect on the properties of soluble proteins. Such Hofmeister effects have implications in biologics stability, protein aggregation, amyloidogenesis, and crystallization. However, the interplay between the important noncovalent interactions (NCIs) responsible for Hofmeister effects is poorly understood. To contribute to improving this state of affairs, we report on the NCIs between anions and ammonium and guanidinium hosts 1 and 2, and the consequences of these. Specifically, we investigate the properties of cavitands designed to mimic two prime residues for anion-protein NCIs─lysines and arginines─and the solubility consequences of complex formation. Thus, we report NMR and ITC affinity studies, X-ray analysis, MD simulations, and anion-induced critical precipitation concentrations. Our findings emphasize the multitude of NCIs that guanidiniums can form and how this repertoire qualitatively surpasses that of ammoniums. Additionally, our studies demonstrate the ease by which anions can dispense with a fraction of their hydration-shell waters, rearrange those that remain, and form direct NCIs with the hosts. This raises many questions concerning how solvent shell plasticity varies as a function of anion, how the energetics of this impact the different NCIs between anions and ammoniums/guanidiniums, and how this affects the aggregation of solutes at high anion concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobs
H. Jordan
- The
Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Corinne L.D. Gibb
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Thien Tran
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Wei Yao
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Austin Rose
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Michael W. Easson
- The
Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Bruce C. Gibb
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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6
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Saridakis E, Donta K. Protein Thermodynamic Properties, Crystallisation, and the Hofmeister Series. Chempluschem 2024:e202300733. [PMID: 38702291 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The Hofmeister series is a series of ions ordered according to their ability to precipitate proteins. It has also been linked to a host of (bio)chemical phenomena. Several attempts over the years to correlate the series to the varying success of different salts in crystallising proteins have been largely inconclusive. A correlation, based on published data and crystallisation conditions for several proteins, is proposed here between some thermodynamic properties of proteins and the position in the Hofmeister series of the salts from which they preferentially crystallise. Namely, a high ratio between the entropic or enthalpic protein-solvent interactions contribution to thermodynamic stability and the total thermodynamic stability of a given protein, indicate the protein's high propensity to crystallise in solutions of highly kosmotropic salts. Low such ratios on the other hand, indicate that chaotropic salts can be equally successful, i. e. that the protein in question is rather indifferent to the Hofmeister character of the salt. Testing various model proteins for crystallisation against screens containing salts found at different points on the Hofmeister series, as well as further bibliographic analysis, have yielded results that appear to largely corroborate this hypothesis. These conclusions may conceivably be used as a crystallisation predictive tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Saridakis
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Neapoleos 27, Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15341, Greece
| | - Katerina Donta
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Neapoleos 27, Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15341, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15771, Greece
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7
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Mortara L, Mukhina T, Chaimovich H, Brezesinski G, van der Vegt NFA, Schneck E. Anion Competition at Positively Charged Surfactant Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6949-6961. [PMID: 38502024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Interactions of anions with hydrophobic surfaces of proteins and water-soluble polymers depend on the ability of the ions to shed their hydration shells. At positively charged surfactant monolayers, the interactions of anions are less well understood. Due to the interplay of electrostatic surface forces, hydration effects, and ion-ion interactions in the electrostatic double layer, a comprehensive microscopic picture remains elusive. Herein, we study the interactions of chloride, bromide, and a mixture of these two anions at the aqueous interface of dihexadecyldimethylammonium (DHDA+) and dioctadecyldimethylammonium (DODA+) cationic monolayers. Using molecular dynamics simulations and three surface-sensitive X-ray scattering techniques, we demonstrate that bromide interacts preferentially over chloride with both monolayers. The structure of the two monolayers and their interfacial electron density profiles obtained from the simulations quantitatively reproduce the experimental data. We observe that chloride and bromide form contact ion pairs with the quaternary ammonium groups on both monolayers. However, ion pairing with bromide leads to a greater reduction in the number of water molecules hydrating the anion, resulting in more energetically stable ion pairs. This leads to long-range (>3 nm) lateral correlations between bromide ions on the structured DODA+ monolayer. These observations indicate that ion hydration is the dominant factor determining the interfacial electrolyte structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mortara
- Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
- Physics Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - Tetiana Mukhina
- Physics Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - Hernan Chaimovich
- Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Physics Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | | | - Emanuel Schneck
- Physics Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
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8
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Acar M, Tatini D, Budroni MA, Ninham BW, Rustici M, Rossi F, Lo Nostro P. Specific anion effects on urease activity: A Hofmeister study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 236:113789. [PMID: 38367291 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The effects of a range of electrolytes on the hydrolysis of urea by the enzyme urease is explored. The autocatalytic behavior of urease in unbuffered solutions and its pH clock reactions are studied. The concentration dependence of the experimental variables is analyzed in terms of specific ion-enzyme interactions and hydration. The results offer insights into the molecular mechanisms of the enzyme, and on the nature of its interactions with the electrolytes. We found that urease can tolerate mild electrolytes in its environment, while it is strongly inhibited by both strong kosmotropic and strong chaotropic anions. This study may cast light on an alternative therapy for Helicobacter pylori infections and contribute to the design of innovative materials and provide new approaches for the modulation of the enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Acar
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
| | - Duccio Tatini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
| | - Marcello A Budroni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Barry W Ninham
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Mauro Rustici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Federico Rossi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Physical Sciences-DEEP Sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Pierandrea Lo Nostro
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy.
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9
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Lou D, Duan H, Wang D, Cao Y, Cui J, Duan J, Tan J. Characterization of a novel 3-quinuclidinone reductase possessing remarkable thermostability. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130799. [PMID: 38479663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The 3-quinuclidinone reductase plays an irreplaceable role in the biopreparation of (R)-3-quinuclidinol, an intermediate vital for synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. Thermal robustness is a critical factor for enzymatic synthesis in industrial applications. This study characterized a new 3-quinuclidinone reductase, named SaQR, with significant thermal stability. The SaQR was overexpressed in a GST-fused state, and substrate and cofactor screening were conducted. Additionally, three-dimensional structure prediction using AlphaFold and analysis were performed, along with relevant thermostability tests, and the evaluation of factors influencing enzyme activity. The findings highlight the remarkable thermostability of SaQR, retaining over 90% of its activity after 72 h at 50°C, with an optimal operational temperature of 85°C. SaQR showed typical structural traits of the SDR superfamily, with its cofactor-determining residue being aspartic acid, conferring nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)) preference. Moreover, K+ and Na+, at a concentration of 400 mM, could significantly enhance the activity, while Mg2+ and Mn2+ only display inhibitory effects within the tested concentration range. The findings of molecular dynamics simulations suggest that high temperatures may disrupt the binding of enzyme to substrate by increasing the flexibility of residues 205-215. In conclusion, this study reports a novel 3-quinuclidinone reductase with remarkable thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshuai Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Hongtao Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Jinghao Cui
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Jingfa Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
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10
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Wang J, Hu F, Sant S, Chu K, Riemer L, Damjanovic D, Kilbey SM, Klok HA. Pyroelectric Polyelectrolyte Brushes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307038. [PMID: 38112160 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Piezo- and pyroelectric materials are of interest, for example, for energy harvesting applications, for the development of tactile sensors, as well as neuromorphic computing. This study reports the observation of pyro- and piezoelectricity in thin surface-attached polymer brushes containing zwitterionic and electrolytic side groups that are prepared via surface-initiated polymerization. The pyro- and piezoelectric properties of the surface-grafted polyelectrolyte brushes are found to sensitively depend on and can be tuned by variation of the counterion. The observed piezo- and pyroelectric properties reflect the structural complexity of polymer brushes, and are attributed to a complex interplay of the non-uniform segment density within these films, together with a non-uniform distribution of counterions and specific ion effects. The fabrication of thin pyroelectric films by surface-initiated polymerization is an important addition to the existing strategies toward such materials. Surface-initiated polymerization, in particular, allows for facile grafting of polar thin polymer films from a wide range of substrates via a straightforward two-step protocol that obviates the need for multistep laborious synthetic procedures or thin film deposition protocols. The ability to produce polymer brushes with piezo- and pyroelectric properties opens up new avenues of application of these materials, for example, in energy harvesting or biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Fei Hu
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Sant
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Kanghyun Chu
- Group for Ferroelectrics and Functional Oxides, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Riemer
- Group for Ferroelectrics and Functional Oxides, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Dragan Damjanovic
- Group for Ferroelectrics and Functional Oxides, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - S Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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11
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G Lopez C, Matsumoto A, Shen AQ. Dilute polyelectrolyte solutions: recent progress and open questions. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2635-2687. [PMID: 38427030 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00468f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Polyelectrolytes are a class of polymers possessing ionic groups on their repeating units. Since counterions can dissociate from the polymer backbone, polyelectrolyte chains are strongly influenced by electrostatic interactions. As a result, the physical properties of polyelectrolyte solutions are significantly different from those of electrically neutral polymers. The aim of this article is to highlight key results and some outstanding questions in the polyelectrolyte research from recent literature. We focus on the influence of electrostatics on conformational and hydrodynamic properties of polyelectrolyte chains. A compilation of experimental results from the literature reveals significant disparities with theoretical predictions. We also discuss a new class of polyelectrolytes called poly(ionic liquid)s that exhibit unique physical properties in comparison to ordinary polyelectrolytes. We conclude this review by listing some key research challenges in order to fully understand the conformation and dynamics of polyelectrolytes in solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Lopez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - Atsushi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui City, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.
| | - Amy Q Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan.
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12
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Prout-Holm RA, van Walstijn CC, Hitsman A, Rowley MJ, Olsen JE, Page BDG, Frankel A. Investigating Protein Binding with the Isothermal Ligand-induced Resolubilization Assay. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300773. [PMID: 38266114 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Target engagement assays typically detect and quantify the direct physical interaction of a protein of interest and its ligand through stability changes upon ligand binding. Commonly used target engagement methods detect ligand-induced stability by subjecting samples to thermal or proteolytic stress. Here we describe a new variation to these approaches called Isothermal Ligand-induced Resolubilization Assay (ILIRA), which utilizes lyotropic solubility stress to measure ligand binding through changes in target protein solubility. We identified distinct buffer systems and salt concentrations that compromised protein solubility for four diverse proteins: dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X motif 5 (NUDT5), poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), and protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1). Ligand-induced solubility rescue was demonstrated for these proteins, suggesting that ILIRA can be used as an additional target engagement technique. Differences in ligand-induced protein solubility were assessed by Coomassie blue staining for SDS-PAGE and dot blot, as well as by NanoOrange, Thioflavin T, and Proteostat fluorescence, thus offering flexibility for readout and assay throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley A Prout-Holm
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cerissa C van Walstijn
- Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alana Hitsman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael J Rowley
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jonas E Olsen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Brent D G Page
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Adam Frankel
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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13
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Basu T, Das S, Majumdar S. Elucidating the influence of electrostatic force on the re-arrangement of H-bonds of protein polymers in the presence of salts. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2361-2373. [PMID: 38372459 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01440a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Polyampholytes/proteins have an intriguing network of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds), especially their secondary structure, which plays a crucial role in determining the conformational stability of the polymer. The changes in protein secondary structure in the protein-salt system have been extensively deciphered by researchers, yet their pathways for breakage and recreation are unknown. Understanding the mechanism of protein conformational changes towards their biological activities, like protein folding, remains one of the main challenges and requires multiscale analysis of this strongly correlated system. Herein, salts have been used to reveal the re-arrangement behavior in the H-bond network of proteins under the influence of electrostatic interactions, as the strength of electrostatic forces is much stronger than that of H-bonds. At lower salt concentrations, there are negligible changes in the secondary structures as the electrostatic forces induced by the salt ions are less. Later, the existing H-bonds break and reconstruct new H-bonds at higher salt concentrations due to the influence of the stronger electrostatic interaction induced by the large number of salt ions. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and FTIR studies have been used rigorously to decipher the reason behind the re-arrangement of the H-bonds within gelatin (protein). The re-arrangement in the H-bond has also been observed with time from simulations and experiments. Thus, this study could provide a fresh perspective on the conformational changes of polyampholytes/proteins and will also influence the studies of protein folding-unfolding interaction in the presence of salt ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Basu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India.
| | - Sougat Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India.
| | - Saptarshi Majumdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India.
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14
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Brunzell E, Sigfridsson K, Gedda L, Edwards K, Bergström LM. Investigation of supramolecular structures in various aqueous solutions of an amyloid forming peptide using small-angle X-ray scattering. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2272-2279. [PMID: 38353286 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01172k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Aggregation of peptide molecules into amyloid fibrils is a characteristic feature of several degenerative diseases. However, the details behind amyloid-formation, and other self-assembled peptide aggregates, remain poorly understood. In this study, we have used small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), static and dynamic light scattering (SLS and DLS) as well as cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) to determine the structural geometry of self-assembled peptide aggregates in various dilute aqueous solutions. Pramlintide was used as a model peptide to assess the aggregation behaviour of an amyloid-forming peptide. The effects of adding sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN), and sodium fluoride (NaF) and the co-solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the aggregation behaviour were studied. Our scattering data analysis demonstrates that small oligomeric fibrils aggregate to form networks of supramolecular assemblies with fractal dimensions. The choice of anion in small amounts of added salt has a significant impact on the size of the fibrils as well as on the fractal dimensions of supramolecular clusters. In DMSO the fractal dimension decreased with increasing DMSO concentration, indicating the formation of a less compact structure of the supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Brunzell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 23, Sweden.
| | - Kalle Sigfridsson
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Science, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 431 83, Sweden
| | - Lars Gedda
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 573, Uppsala 751 23, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 573, Uppsala 751 23, Sweden
| | - L Magnus Bergström
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 23, Sweden.
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15
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Takács D, Adžić M, Omerović N, Vraneš M, Katona J, Pavlović M. Electrolyte-induced aggregation of zein protein nanoparticles in aqueous dispersions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 656:457-465. [PMID: 38006868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Ion specific effects on the charging and aggregation features of zein nanoparticles (ZNP) were studied in aqueous suspensions by electrophoretic and time-resolved dynamic light scattering techniques. The influence of mono- and multivalent counterions on the colloidal stability was investigated for positively and negatively charged particles at pH values below and above the isoelectric point, respectively. The sequence of the destabilization power of monovalent salts followed the prediction of the indirect Hofmeister series for positively charged particles, while the direct Hofmeister series for negatively charged ones assumed a hydrophobic character for their surface. The multivalent ions destabilized the oppositely charged ZNPs more effectively and the aggregation process followed the Schulze-Hardy rule. For some multivalent ions, strong adsorption led to charge reversal resulting in restabilization of the suspensions. The experimental critical coagulation concentrations (CCCs) could be well-predicted with the theory developed by Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek indicating that the aggregation processes were mainly driven by electrical double layer repulsion and van der Waals attraction. The ion specific dependence of the CCCs is owing to the modification of the surface charge through ion adsorption at different extents. These results are crucial for drug delivery applications, where inorganic electrolytes are present in ZNP samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Takács
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Biocolloids Research Group, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maja Adžić
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nejra Omerović
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milan Vraneš
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jaroslav Katona
- Department of Applied and Engineering Chemistry, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marko Pavlović
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; Department of Physics and John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, MA-02138 Cambridge, USA.
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16
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Kobayashi K, Isobe N, Kusumi R, Nemoto J, Wada M. Elucidation of the Specific Ion Effects and Intermediate Structures of Cellulose Fibers Swollen in Inorganic Salt Solutions via In Situ X-ray Diffraction. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:864-870. [PMID: 38287873 PMCID: PMC10865373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The solubilities of many substances are significantly affected by specific ions, as demonstrated by the Hofmeister series of proteins. Cellulose has a resistant fibrillar structure that hinders its swelling and dissolution. Certain inorganic salt solutions are effective swelling agents and solvents for cellulose. However, the precise effects of these ions on cellulose are not fully understood. In this study, we studied the intermediate structures of cellulose fibers during their swelling process in ZnCl2 and LiBr solutions via in situ X-ray diffraction. Two swollen phases with characteristic morphologies were observed for both salt treatments. Only the surfaces of the fibers were swollen in ZnCl2, whereas the ions penetrated the fibers and formed complexes with cellulose while the morphology of the fibers was maintained in LiBr. Our findings clarify the reasons that ZnCl2 has been used as an excellent swelling agent, whereas LiBr has been used as a good solvent for cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Kobayashi
- Division
of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Isobe
- Biogeochemistry
Research Center (BGC), Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization
(MRU), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science
and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kusumi
- Department
of Forest Resource Chemistry, Forestry and
Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan
| | - Junji Nemoto
- Hokuetsu
Corporation, Product Development
Office, 3-2-2 Nihonbashi
hongoku-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0021, Japan
| | - Masahisa Wada
- Division
of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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17
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Peng X, Cao W, Hu Z, Yang Y, Sun Z, Wang XB, Sun H. Observation of a super-tetrahedral cluster of acetonitrile-solvated dodecaborate dianion via dihydrogen bonding. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:054308. [PMID: 38341708 DOI: 10.1063/5.0186614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We launched a combined negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy and multiscale theoretical investigation on the geometric and electronic structures of a series of acetonitrile-solvated dodecaborate clusters, i.e., B12H122-·nCH3CN (n = 1-4). The electron binding energies of B12H122-·nCH3CN are observed to increase with cluster size, suggesting their enhanced electronic stability. B3LYP-D3(BJ)/ma-def2-TZVP geometry optimizations indicate each acetonitrile molecule binds to B12H122- via a threefold dihydrogen bond (DHB) B3-H3 ⁝⁝⁝ H3C-CN unit, in which three adjacent nucleophilic H atoms in B12H122- interact with the three methyl hydrogens of acetonitrile. The structural evolution from n = 1 to 4 can be rationalized by the surface charge redistributions through the restrained electrostatic potential analysis. Notably, a super-tetrahedral cluster of B12H122- solvated by four acetonitrile molecules with 12 DHBs is observed. The post-Hartree-Fock domain-based local pair natural orbital- coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples [DLPNO-CCSD(T)] calculated vertical detachment energies agree well with the experimental measurements, confirming the identified isomers as the most stable ones. Furthermore, the nature and strength of the intermolecular interactions between B12H122- and CH3CN are revealed by the quantum theory of atoms-in-molecules and the energy decomposition analysis. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are conducted at various temperatures to reveal the great kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities of the selected B12H122-·CH3CN cluster. The binding motif in B12H122-·CH3CN is largely retained for the whole halogenated series B12X122-·CH3CN (X = F-I). This study provides a molecular-level understanding of structural evolution for acetonitrile-solvated dodecaborate clusters and a fresh view by examining acetonitrile as a real hydrogen bond (HB) donor to form strong HB interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogai Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenjin Cao
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Zhubin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhenrong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Haitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
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18
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Das S, Basu T, Majumdar S. Molecular interactions of acids and salts with polyampholytes. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:054901. [PMID: 38299631 DOI: 10.1063/5.0190821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Hofmeister series characterizes the ability of salt anions to precipitate polyampholytes/proteins. However, the variation of protein size in the bulk solution of acids and the effect of salts on the same have not been studied well. In this article, the four acids (CH3COOH, HNO3, H2SO4, and HCl) and their effects on the hydrodynamic radius (RH) of gelatin in the bulk solution are investigated. The effects of Na salt with the same anions are also considered to draw a comparison between the interactions of acids and salts with polyampholytes. It is suggested that the interactions of polyampholytes with acids are different from those of salts. The interaction series of polyampholytes with acids with respect to the RH of the polyampholyte is CH3COO->NO3->Cl->SO42- whereas the interaction series with salts is SO42->CH3COO->Cl->NO3-. These different interactions are due to equilibration between acid dissociation and protonation of polyampholytes. Another important factor contributing to the interactions in weak acids is the fact that undissociated acid hinders the movement of dissociated acid. Experiments and simulations were performed to understand these interactions, and the results were identical in terms of the trend in RH (from the experiments) and the radius of gyration (Rg) (from the simulations). It is concluded that the valence of ions and dissociation affect the interaction in the case of acids. However, the interactions are influenced by the kosmotropic and chaotropic effect, hydration, and mobility in the case of salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sougat Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Tithi Basu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Saptarshi Majumdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana 502285, India
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19
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Puza F, Thiel MC, Wagner Y, Marx M, Motz C, Lienkamp K. Polymer Hydrogel Sheets with Perpendicular Cross-Linking Gradient: Non-Monotonic Actuation and Ion-Specific Effects on the Actuation Kinetics. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300539. [PMID: 37985952 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-monotonous actuation, that is, different kinds of motion in response to a single stimulus, is observed in some natural materials but difficult to implement in synthetic systems. Herein, polymer hydrogel sheets made from polyacrylamide (PAAm) or poly(dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAA) with a cross-linking gradient along the sheet thickness are reported. These are obtained by thermally initiated free radical polymerization using a specially designed Teflon mold with a glass lid. The resulting PAAm hydrogels undergo non-monotonous actuation (rolling into a tube and re-opening) when exposed to aqueous media as a single external stimulus. Their actuation kinetics is tuned with anions that have specific ion effects in their interaction with the surrounding solvent and the polymer itself: structure-breaking chloride enhances the hydration of the polymer backbone, structure-making sulfate decreases it, and is thus slowing down the actuation kinetics of the PAAm hydrogels. The PDMAA gel rolls up instantaneously in aqueous NaCl and only re-opens after 24 h. PDMAA actuation in aqueous Na2 SO4 is only moderate as the gel did not swell in that solvent. Bilayer hydrogels made from PAAm and PDMAA (without gradient) show monotonic actuation, closing in NaCl solution and re-opening in Na2 SO4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Puza
- Professur für Polymerwerkstoffe, Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Christopher Thiel
- Professur für Polymerwerkstoffe, Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Yannic Wagner
- Professur für Polymerwerkstoffe, Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Marx
- Professur für Experimentelle Methodik der Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Motz
- Professur für Experimentelle Methodik der Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Professur für Polymerwerkstoffe, Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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20
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Gresham IJ, Johnson EC, Robertson H, Willott JD, Webber GB, Wanless EJ, Nelson ARJ, Prescott SW. Comparing polymer-surfactant complexes to polyelectrolytes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:262-272. [PMID: 37944374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Understanding the complex interactions between polymers and surfactants is required to optimise commercially relevant systems such as paint, toothpaste and detergent. Neutral polymers complex with surfactants, forming 'pearl necklace' structures that are often conceptualised as pseudo-polyelectrolytes. Here we pose two questions to test the limits of this analogy: Firstly, in the presence of salt, do these polymer-surfactant systems behave like polyelectrolytes? Secondly, do polymer-surfactant complexes resist geometric confinement like polyelectrolytes? EXPERIMENTS We test the limits of the pseudo-polyelectrolyte analogy through studying a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brush in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). Brushes are ideal for interrogating pseudo-polyelectrolytes, as neutral and polyelectrolyte brushes exhibit distinct and well understood behaviours. Spectroscopic ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), and neutron reflectometry (NR) were used to monitor the behaviour and structure of the PNIPAM-SDS system as a function of NaCl concentration. The ability of the PNIPAM-SDS complex to resist geometric confinement was probed with NR. FINDINGS At a fixed SDS concentration below the zero-salt CMC, increasing NaCl concentration <100 mM promoted brush swelling due to an increase in osmotic pressure, not dissimilar to a weak polyelectrolyte. At these salt concentrations, the swelling of the brush could be described by a single parameter: the effective CMC. However, at high NaCl concentrations (e.g., 500 mM) no brush collapse was observed at all (non-zero) concentrations of SDS studied, contrary to what is seen for many polyelectrolytes. Study of the polymer-surfactant system under confinement revealed that the physical volume of surfactant dominates the structure of the strongly confined system, which further differentiates it from the polyelectrolyte case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Gresham
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Edwin C Johnson
- College of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Hayden Robertson
- College of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua D Willott
- College of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Grant B Webber
- College of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Erica J Wanless
- College of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Stuart W Prescott
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia.
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21
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Brown SJ, Ryan TM, Drummond CJ, Greaves TL, Han Q. Lysozyme aggregation and unfolding in ionic liquid solvents: Insights from small angle X-ray scattering and high throughput screening. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:133-144. [PMID: 37931553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding protein behaviour is crucial for developing functional solvent systems. Ionic liquids (ILs) are designer salts with versatile ion combinations, where some suppress unfavourable protein behaviour. This work utilizes small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to investigate the size and shape changes of model protein hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) in 137 IL and salt solutions. Guinier, Kratky, and pair distance distribution analysis were used to evaluate the protein size, shape, and aggregation changes in these solvents. At low IL and salt concentration (1 mol%), HEWL remained monodispersed and globular. Most ILs increased HEWL size compared to buffer, while the nitrate and mesylate anions induced the most significant size increases. IL cation branching, hydroxyl groups, and longer alkyl chains counteracted this size increase. Common salts exhibited specific ion effects, while the IL effect varied with concentration due to complex ion-pairing. Protein aggregation and unfolding occurred at 10 mol% IL, altering the protein shape, especially for ILs with multiple alkyl chains on the cation, or with a mesylate/nitrate anion. This study highlights the usefulness of adopting a high-throughput SAXS strategy for understanding IL effects on protein behaviour and provides insights on controlling protein aggregation and unfolding with ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Brown
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Timothy M Ryan
- SAXS/WAXS Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Tamar L Greaves
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Qi Han
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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22
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Robertson H, Gresham IJ, Nelson ARJ, Gregory KP, Johnson EC, Willott JD, Prescott SW, Webber GB, Wanless EJ. Solvent-Modulated Specific Ion Effects: Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Brushes in Nonaqueous Electrolytes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:335-347. [PMID: 38117209 PMCID: PMC10910595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Pertinent to cryopreservation as well as energy storage and batteries, nonaqueous electrolytes and their mixtures with water were investigated. In particular, specific ion-induced effects on the modulation of a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brush were investigated in various dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-water solvent mixtures. Spectroscopic ellipsometry and neutron reflectometry were employed to probe changes in brush swelling and structure, respectively. In water-rich solvents (i.e., pure water and 6 mol % DMSO), PNIPAM undergoes a swollen to collapsed thermotransition with increasing temperature, whereby a forward Hofmeister series was noted; K+ and Li+ electrolytes composed of SCN- and I- salted-in (stabilized) PNIPAM chains, and electrolytes of Cl- and Br- salted-out (destabilized) the polymer. The cation was seen to play a lesser role than that of the anion, merely modulating the magnitude of the anion effect. In 70 mol % DMSO, a collapsed to swollen thermotransition was noted for PNIPAM. Here, concentration-dependent specific ion effects were observed; a forward series was observed in 0.2 mol % electrolytes, whereas increasing the electrolyte concentration to 0.9 mol % led to a series reversal. While no thermotransition was observed in pure DMSO, a solvent-induced specific ion series reversal was noted; SCN- destabilized the brush and Cl- stabilized the brush. Both series reversals are attributed to the delicate balance of interactions between the solvent, solute (ion), and substrate (brush). Namely, the stability of the solvent clusters was hypothesized to drive polymer solvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden Robertson
- College
of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Isaac J. Gresham
- School
of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew R. J. Nelson
- Australian
Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Kasimir P. Gregory
- Division
of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital
Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Edwin C. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Joshua D. Willott
- College
of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Stuart W. Prescott
- School of
Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Grant B. Webber
- College
of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Erica J. Wanless
- College
of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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23
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Ghaffari R, Arumughan V, Larsson A. Specific ion effects on lignin adsorption and transport through cellulose confinements. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:1662-1670. [PMID: 37812842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of ions in a solution is anticipated to induce distinct effects on macromolecules. Consequently, the tuning of adsorption and mass transfer of lignin molecules can be achieved by incorporating ions with chaotropic or kosmotropic characteristics. This study examines the adsorption and mass transfer behavior of lignin molecules across model cellulose membranes in presence of ions from the Hofmeister series. Experimental investigations encompassed the use of diffusion cells to quantify lignin's mass transfer through the membranes, and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring was used for adsorption studies. Notably, at high ion concentrations, the mass transport rate of lignin was observed to be lower in the presence of highly hydrated (kosmotropic) sulfate ions, conforming to the Hofmeister series. Intriguingly, this relationship was not apparent at lower ion concentrations. Furthermore, QCM-D experiments indicated that lignin displayed higher adsorption onto the cellulose surface when exposed to less hydrated (chaotropic) nitrate anions. This behavior can be rationalized by considering the system's increased entropy gain, facilitated by the release of adsorbed ions and water molecules from the cellulose surface upon lignin adsorption. This study highlights the complexity of ion-specific effects on mass transfer and adsorption processes and their dependency on ion concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roujin Ghaffari
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vishnu Arumughan
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Anette Larsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; FibRe - Centre for Lignocellulose-based Thermoplastics, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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24
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Chen R, Wang H, Doucet M, Browning JF, Su X. Thermo-Electro-Responsive Redox-Copolymers for Amplified Solvation, Morphological Control, and Tunable Ion Interactions. JACS AU 2023; 3:3333-3344. [PMID: 38155652 PMCID: PMC10751769 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Electro-responsive metallopolymers can possess highly specific and tunable ion interactions, and have been explored extensively as electrode materials for ion-selective separations. However, there remains a limited understanding of the role of solvation and polymer-solvent interactions in ion binding and selectivity. The elucidation of ion-solvent-polymer interactions, in combination with the rational design of tailored copolymers, can lead to new pathways for modulating ion selectivity and morphology. Here, we present thermo-electrochemical-responsive copolymer electrodes of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and ferrocenylpropyl methacrylamide (FPMAm) with tunable polymer-solvent interactions through copolymer ratio, temperature, and electrochemical potential. As compared to the homopolymer PFPMAm, the P(NIPAM0.9-co-FPMAm0.1) copolymer ingressed 2 orders of magnitude more water molecules per doping ion when electrochemically oxidized, as measured by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. P(NIPAM0.9-co-FPMAm0.1) exhibited a unique thermo-electrochemically reversible response and swelled up to 83% after electrochemical oxidation, then deswelled below its original size upon raising the temperature from 20 to 40 °C, as measured through spectroscopic ellipsometry. Reduced P(NIPAM0.9-co-FPMAm0.1) had an inhomogeneous depth profile, with layers of low solvation. In contrast, oxidized P(NIPAM0.9-co-FPMAm0.1) displayed a more uniform and highly solvated depth profile, as measured through neutron reflectometry. P(NIPAM0.9-co-FPMAm0.1) and PFPMAm showed almost a fivefold difference in selectivity for target ions, evidence that polymer hydrophilicity plays a key role in determining ion partitioning between solvent and the polymer interface. Our work points to new macromolecular engineering strategies for tuning ion selectivity in stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raylin Chen
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hanyu Wang
- Neutron
Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Mathieu Doucet
- Neutron
Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - James F. Browning
- Neutron
Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Xiao Su
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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25
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Mahapatra A, Chowdhury UD, Barik S, Parida S, Bhargava BL, Sarkar M. Deciphering the Role of Anions of Ionic Liquids in Modulating the Structure and Stability of ct-DNA in Aqueous Solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17318-17332. [PMID: 37995326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Stabilizing biomolecules under ambient conditions can be extremely beneficial for various biological applications. In this context, the utilization of ionic liquids (ILs) in enhancing the stability and preservation of nucleic acids in aqueous solutions is found to be promising. While the role of the cationic moiety of ILs in the said event has been thoroughly explored, the importance of the anionic moiety in ILs, if any, is rather poorly understood. Herein, we examine the function of anions of ILs in nucleic acid stabilization by examining the stability and structure of calf thymus-DNA (ct-DNA) in the presence of various ILs composed of a common 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cations (Emim+) and different anions, which includes Cl-, Br-, NO 3 - , Ac - , HS O 4 - and B F 4 - by employing various spectroscopic techniques as well as Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation studies. Analysis of our data suggests that the chemical nature of anions including polarity, basicity, and hydrophilicity become an important factor in the overall DNA-IL interaction event. At lower concentrations, the interplay of intermolecular interaction between the IL anions with their respective cations and the solvent molecules becomes a very crucial factor in inducing their stabilizing effect on ct-DNA. However, at higher concentrations of ILs, the ct-DNA stabilization is additionally governed by specific-ion effect. MD simulation studies have also provided valuable insights into molecular-level understanding of the DNA-IL interaction event. Overall, the present study clearly demonstrated that along with the cationic moiety of ILs, the anions of ILs can play a significant role in deciding the stability of duplex DNA in aqueous solution. The findings of this study are expected to enhance our knowledge on understanding of IL-DNA interactions in a better manner and will be helpful in designing optimized IL systems for nucleic acid based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Mahapatra
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Jatani, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
- An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Unmesh Dutta Chowdhury
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Jatani, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
- An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sahadev Barik
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Jatani, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
- An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Subhakanta Parida
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Jatani, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
- An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400094, India
| | - B L Bhargava
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Jatani, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
- An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Moloy Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Jatani, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
- An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400094, India
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26
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Donnelly RB, Pingali SV, Heroux L, Brinson RG, Wagner NJ, Liu Y. Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Dynamics of NISTmAb Measured by Small Angle Neutron Scattering. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6358-6367. [PMID: 37961914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding protein dynamics and conformational stability holds great significance in biopharmaceutical research. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) is a quantitative methodology used to examine these fundamental properties of proteins. HDX involves measuring the exchange of solvent-accessible hydrogens with deuterium, which yields valuable insights into conformational fluctuations and conformational stability. While mass spectrometry is commonly used to measure HDX on the peptide level, we explore a different approach using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). In this work, SANS is demonstrated as a complementary and noninvasive HDX method (HDX-SANS). By assessing subtle changes in the tertiary and quaternary structure during the exchange process in deuterated buffer, along with the influence of added electrolytes on protein stability, SANS is validated as a complementary HDX technique. The HDX of a model therapeutic antibody, NISTmAb, an IgG1κ, is monitored by HDX-SANS over many hours using several different formulations, including salts from the Hofmeister series of anions, such as sodium perchlorate, sodium thiocyanate, and sodium sulfate. The impact of these formulation conditions on the thermal stability of NISTmAb is probed by differential scanning calorimetry. The more destabilizing salts led to heightened conformational dynamics in mAb solutions even at temperatures significantly below the denaturation point. HDX-SANS is demonstrated as a sensitive and noninvasive technique for quantifying HDX kinetics directly in mAb solution, providing novel information about mAb conformational fluctuations. Therefore, HDX-SANS holds promise as a potential tool for assessing protein stability in formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róisín B Donnelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Luke Heroux
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Robert G Brinson
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Norman J Wagner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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27
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Sunkara V, Park J, Han J, del Río JS, Cho HJ, Oh IJ, Cho YK. Exosome Precipitation by Ionic Strength Modulation: ExoPRISM. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15. [PMID: 38017017 PMCID: PMC10726304 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as crucial materials for precision theragnostic applications. However, current separation methods are time-consuming, costly, and not scalable and deliver limited yields or purity. Here, we present EV precipitation by ionic strength modulation (ExoPRISM), a simple, low-cost, user-friendly, and readily adaptable approach for separating EVs in high yields without compromising their biological functions. Adding an electrolyte solution to blood plasma in small increments generates the sequential precipitation of proteins and EVs, allowing for fractional separation of EVs using low-speed centrifugation. The coprecipitated electrolytes are easily washed away, and the entire EV separation and washing process takes less than an hour. This approach successfully separates EVs from a broad range of volumes and types of biological fluids, including culture medium, urine, plasma, and serum, showing promise as a robust tool for next-generation liquid biopsies and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Sunkara
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for
Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic
of Korea
| | - Juhee Park
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for
Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jiyun Han
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for
Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic
of Korea
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National
Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan Sabaté del Río
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for
Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University
Medical School, and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University
Medical School, and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for
Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic
of Korea
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National
Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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28
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Crabtree MD, Holland J, Pillai AS, Kompella PS, Babl L, Turner NN, Eaton JT, Hochberg GKA, Aarts DGAL, Redfield C, Baldwin AJ, Nott TJ. Ion binding with charge inversion combined with screening modulates DEAD box helicase phase transitions. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113375. [PMID: 37980572 PMCID: PMC10935546 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Membraneless organelles, or biomolecular condensates, enable cells to compartmentalize material and processes into unique biochemical environments. While specific, attractive molecular interactions are known to stabilize biomolecular condensates, repulsive interactions, and the balance between these opposing forces, are largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that repulsive and attractive electrostatic interactions regulate condensate stability, internal mobility, interfaces, and selective partitioning of molecules both in vitro and in cells. We find that signaling ions, such as calcium, alter repulsions between model Ddx3 and Ddx4 condensate proteins by directly binding to negatively charged amino acid sidechains and effectively inverting their charge, in a manner fundamentally dissimilar to electrostatic screening. Using a polymerization model combined with generalized stickers and spacers, we accurately quantify and predict condensate stability over a wide range of pH, salt concentrations, and amino acid sequences. Our model provides a general quantitative treatment for understanding how charge and ions reversibly control condensate stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Crabtree
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Jack Holland
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Arvind S Pillai
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Purnima S Kompella
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Leon Babl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Noah N Turner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - James T Eaton
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK; Kavli Insititute of Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, Sherrington Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Georg K A Hochberg
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 14, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Dirk G A L Aarts
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Christina Redfield
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Andrew J Baldwin
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK; Kavli Insititute of Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, Sherrington Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
| | - Timothy J Nott
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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29
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Nimkar A, Alam K, Bergman G, Levi MD, Major DT, Shpigel N, Aurbach D. Is "Water in Salt" Electrolytes the Ultimate Solution? Achieving High Stability of Organic Anodes in Diluted Electrolyte Solutions Via a Wise Anions Selection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311373. [PMID: 37748032 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of the water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes concept to prevent water splitting and widen the electrochemical stability window, has spurred extensive research efforts toward development of improved aqueous batteries. The successful implementation of these electrolyte solutions in many electrochemical systems shifts the focus from diluted to WIS electrolyte solutions. Considering the high costs and the tendency of these nearly saturated solutions to crystallize, this trend can be carefully re-evaluated. Herein we show that the stability of organic electrodes comprising the active material perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), is strongly influenced by the solvation character of the anions rather than the concentration of the electrolyte solution. Even though the charging process of PTCDA involves solely insertion of cations (i.e., principal counter-ions), surprisingly, the dominant factor influencing its electrochemical performance, including long-term electrode stability, is the type of the co-ions (i.e., electrolytic anions). Using systematic electrochemical analysis combined with theoretical simulations, we show that the selection of kosmotropic anions results in fast fading of the PTCDA anodes, while a selection of chaotropic anions leads to excellent stability, even at electrolytes concentrations as low as 0.2 M. These findings provide a new conceptual approach for designing advanced electrolyte solutions for aqueous batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Nimkar
- Department of Chemistry and BINA-BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Khorsed Alam
- Department of Chemistry and BINA-BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Gil Bergman
- Department of Chemistry and BINA-BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Mikhael D Levi
- Department of Chemistry and BINA-BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Dan Thomas Major
- Department of Chemistry and BINA-BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Netanel Shpigel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Kiryat Hamada 3, Ariel, Israel
| | - Doron Aurbach
- Department of Chemistry and BINA-BIU Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
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30
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Han Q, Su Y, Smith KM, Binns J, Drummond CJ, Darmanin C, Greaves TL. Probing ion-binding at a protein interface: Modulation of protein properties by ionic liquids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1393-1405. [PMID: 37480654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Ions are important to modulate protein properties, including solubility and stability, through specific ion effects. Ionic liquids (ILs) are designer salts with versatile ion combinations with great potential to control protein properties. Although protein-ion binding of common metals is well-known, the IL effect on proteins is not well understood. Here, we employ the model protein lysozyme in dilute and concentrated IL solutions to determine the specific ion binding effect on protein phase behaviour, activity, size and conformational change, aggregation and intermolecular interactions. A combination of spectroscopic techniques, activity assays, small-angle X-ray scattering, and crystallography highlights that ILs, particularly their anions, bind to specific sites in the protein hydration layer via polar contacts on charged, polar and aromatic residues. The specific ion binding can induce more flexible loop regions in lysozyme, while the ion binding in the bulk phase can be more dynamic in solution. Overall, the protein behaviour in ILs depends on the net effect of nonspecific interactions and specific ion binding. Compared to formate, the nitrate anion induced high protein solubility, low activity, elongated shape and aggregation, which is largely owing to its higher propensity for ion binding. These findings provide new insights into protein-IL binding interactions and using ILs to modulate protein properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Han
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Yuyu Su
- School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kate M Smith
- Australian Synchrotron, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, Villigen-PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jack Binns
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Connie Darmanin
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Tamar L Greaves
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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31
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Browne C, Raghuwanshi VS, Garnier G, Batchelor W. Modulating the chiral nematic structure of cellulose nanocrystal suspensions with electrolytes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1064-1072. [PMID: 37459730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The iridescent optical properties of films made of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are controlled by the pitch and range of the chiral nematic structures. These are further tuned with the addition of electrolyte. EXPERIMENTS Electrolyte type, valency and concentration were varied. The bulk CNC suspension properties were investigated by combining rheology, polarised optical photography and microscopy, while the spacing between crystals was determined using SAXS. FINDINGS The addition of electrolyte to a CNC suspension containing chiral nematic structures first causes the nematic pitch to increase indicating the suspension has a weaker structure. Further increases in electrolyte concentration cause aggregation and complete breakdown of the chiral nematic structures. The univalent species cause larger changes to the chiral nematic structure with the onset and magnitude of structure breakdown occurring at lower ionic strengths compared with the divalent species. Cation size influences the chiral nematic structure with the order of influence being K+ > Na+ ≈ Ca2+ > Mg2+, which corresponds from the largest to smallest cation. This work demonstrates that both ion valency, concentration and species play a significant role in controlling the chiral nematic structures of CNC suspensions and will be a vital step in the development of CNC liquid crystals, optical materials and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Browne
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Vikram Singh Raghuwanshi
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Gil Garnier
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Warren Batchelor
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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32
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Fiuza T, Sarkar M, Riedl JC, Beaughon M, Torres Bautista BE, Bhattacharya K, Cousin F, Barruet E, Demouchy G, Depeyrot J, Dubois E, Gélébart F, Geertsen V, Mériguet G, Michot L, Nakamae S, Perzynski R, Peyre V. Ion specific tuning of nanoparticle dispersion in an ionic liquid: a structural, thermoelectric and thermo-diffusive investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28911-28924. [PMID: 37855156 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02399k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Dispersions of charged maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) in EAN (ethylammonium nitrate) a reference Ionic Liquid (IL) are studied here using a number of static and dynamical experimental techniques; small angle scattering (SAS) of X-rays and of neutrons, dynamical light scattering and forced Rayleigh scattering. Particular insight is provided regarding the importance of tuning the ionic species present at the NP/IL interface. In this work we compare the effect of Li+, Na+ or Rb+ ions. Here, the nature of these species has a clear influence on the short-range spatial organisation of the ions at the interface and thus on the colloidal stability of the dispersions, governing both the NP/NP and NP/IL interactions, which are both evaluated here. The overall NP/NP interaction is either attractive or repulsive. It is characterised by determining, thanks to the SAS techniques, the second virial coefficient A2, which is found to be independent of temperature. The NP/IL interaction is featured by the dynamical effective charge ξeff0 of the NPs and by their entropy of transfer ŜNP (or equivalently their heat of transport ) determined here thanks to thermoelectric and thermodiffusive measurements. For repulsive systems, an activated process rules the temperature dependence of these two latter quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fiuza
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - M Sarkar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - J C Riedl
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - M Beaughon
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - B E Torres Bautista
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - K Bhattacharya
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - F Cousin
- Lab. Léon Brillouin-UMR 12 CNRS-CEA CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Barruet
- Univ. Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE-LIONS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - G Demouchy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Univ. de Cergy Pontoise-Dpt de physique, 33 Bd du Port, 95011 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - J Depeyrot
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - E Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - F Gélébart
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Geertsen
- Univ. Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE-LIONS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - G Mériguet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - L Michot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - S Nakamae
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - R Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Loyo-Celis V, Patel D, Sanghvi S, Kaur K, Ponnalagu D, Zheng Y, Bindra S, Bhachu HR, Deschenes I, Gururaja Rao S, Singh H. Biophysical characterization of chloride intracellular channel 6 (CLIC6). J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105349. [PMID: 37838179 PMCID: PMC10641671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channels (CLICs) are a family of proteins that exist in soluble and transmembrane forms. The newest discovered member of the family CLIC6 is implicated in breast, ovarian, lung gastric, and pancreatic cancers and is also known to interact with dopamine-(D(2)-like) receptors. The soluble structure of the channel has been resolved, but the exact physiological role of CLIC6, biophysical characterization, and the membrane structure remain unknown. Here, we aimed to characterize the biophysical properties of this channel using a patch-clamp approach. To determine the biophysical properties of CLIC6, we expressed CLIC6 in HEK-293 cells. On ectopic expression, CLIC6 localizes to the plasma membrane of HEK-293 cells. We established the biophysical properties of CLIC6 by using electrophysiological approaches. Using various anions and potassium (K+) solutions, we determined that CLIC6 is more permeable to chloride-(Cl-) as compared to bromide-(Br-), fluoride-(F-), and K+ ions. In the whole-cell configuration, the CLIC6 currents were inhibited after the addition of 10 μM of IAA-94 (CLIC-specific blocker). CLIC6 was also found to be regulated by pH and redox potential. We demonstrate that the histidine residue at 648 (H648) in the C terminus and cysteine residue in the N terminus (C487) are directly involved in the pH-induced conformational change and redox regulation of CLIC6, respectively. Using qRT-PCR, we identified that CLIC6 is most abundant in the lung and brain, and we recorded the CLIC6 current in mouse lung epithelial cells. Overall, we have determined the biophysical properties of CLIC6 and established it as a Cl- channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Loyo-Celis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Devendra Patel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Shridhar Sanghvi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sahej Bindra
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Harmeet Rireika Bhachu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Isabelle Deschenes
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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34
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Stewart GW, Gibson JS, Rees DC. The cation-leaky hereditary stomatocytosis syndromes: A tale of six proteins. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:509-522. [PMID: 37679660 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
This review concerns a series of dominantly inherited haemolytic anaemias in which the membrane of the erythrocyte 'leaks' the univalent cations, compromising the osmotic stability of the cell. The majority of the conditions are explained by mutations in one of six genes, coding for multispanning membrane proteins of different structure and function. These are: RhAG, coding for an ammonium carrier; SLC4A1, coding for the band 3 anion exchanger; PIEZO1, coding for a mechanosensitive cation channel; GLUT1, coding for a glucose transporter; KCNN4, coding for an internal-calcium-activated potassium channel; and ABCB6, coding for a porphyrin transporter. This review describes the five clinical syndromes associated with genetic defects in these genes and their variable genotype/phenotype relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Stewart
- Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - John S Gibson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rees
- Haematological Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
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35
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Losacco GL, Breitbach ZS, Walsh PL, Van Haandel L. Unified chromatography in drug development: Exploiting chaotropic/kosmotropic salts for an accelerated method development. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464392. [PMID: 37742458 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) introduced an innovative gradient profile called Unified Chromatography (UC), which pushes the amount of liquid modifier up to 80-100 % of the total mobile phase composition. These new conditions allow the full transition from a supercritical to a liquid state, unifying the benefits of both SFC and liquid chromatography. However, to facilitate the use of UC for industrial drug development, a stronger effort is needed to streamline and simplify its method development and optimization. In this work, a quick and novel method development procedure for UC is introduced, enabled by the first-time use of novel additives in SFC/UC that exploit chaotropic/kosmotropic properties. A comprehensive view on some fundamental properties, such as the amount of liquid modifier blended with supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and the percentage of water added in the mobile phase is given, to clarify the benefits of using either a chaotropic salt (NaClO4), kosmotropic (HCOONa) or salt with mixed properties (NaOMs - sodium methanesulfonate). With this expanded knowledge, challenging separations of nucleosides, nucleotide, indoles, triazoles and related derivates have been accomplished with UC. Finally, we provide an example of UC delivering a faster and better method for an AbbVie pipeline compound under accelerated stability study. The combined use of scCO2-based chromatography and the novel additive NaClO4 ensures the retention and elution of all degradation species generated at different conditions, where RP-HPLC failed to provide satisfactory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino Luca Losacco
- Analytical Research and Development, Small Molecule CMC Development, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Zachary S Breitbach
- Analytical Research and Development, Small Molecule CMC Development, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Paul L Walsh
- Analytical Research and Development, Small Molecule CMC Development, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Leon Van Haandel
- Analytical Research and Development, Small Molecule CMC Development, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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36
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Arumughan V, Özeren H, Hedenqvist M, Skepö M, Nypelö T, Hasani M, Larsson A. Anion-Specific Adsorption of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Cellulose. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15014-15021. [PMID: 37817605 PMCID: PMC10601536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Integration of fiber modification step with a modern pulp mill is a resource efficient way to produce functional fibers. Motivated by the need to integrate polymer adsorption with the current pulping system, anion-specific effects in carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) adsorption have been studied. The QCM-D adsorption experiments revealed that CMC adsorption to the cellulose model surface is prone to anion-specific effects. A correlation was observed between the adsorbed CMC and the degree of hydration of the co-ions present in the magnesium salts. The presence of a chaotropic co-ion such as nitrate increased the adsorption of CMC on cellulose compared to the presence of the kosmotropic sulfate co-ion. However, anion-specificity was not significant in the case of salts containing zinc cations. The hydration of anions determines the distribution of the ions at the interface. Chaotropic ions, such as nitrates, are likely to be distributed near the chaotropic cellulose surface, causing changes in the ordering of water molecules and resulting in greater entropy gain once released from the surface, thus increasing CMC adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Arumughan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- AvanCell, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hüsamettin
Deniz Özeren
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Polymeric
Materials Division, Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Hedenqvist
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Polymeric
Materials Division, Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- FibRe
Vinnova Competence Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Skepö
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tiina Nypelö
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Merima Hasani
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- AvanCell, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anette Larsson
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- AvanCell, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- FibRe
Vinnova Competence Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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37
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Mandalaparthy V, Tripathy M, van der Vegt NFA. Anions and Cations Affect Amino Acid Dissociation Equilibria via Distinct Mechanisms. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9250-9256. [PMID: 37812174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Salts reduce the pKa of weak acids by a mechanism sensitive to ion identity and concentration via charge screening of the deprotonated state. In this study, we utilize constant pH molecular dynamics simulations to understand the molecular mechanism behind the salt-dependent dissociation of aspartic acid (Asp). We calculate the pKa of Asp in the presence of a monovalent salt and investigate Hofmeister ion effects by systematically varying the ionic radii. We observe that increasing the anion size leads to a monotonic decrease in Asp pKa. Conversely, the cation size affects the pKa nonmonotonically, interpretable in the context of the law of matching water affinity. The net effect of salt on Asp acidity is governed by an interplay of solvation and competing ion interactions. The proposed mechanism is rather general and can be applicable to several problems in Hofmeister ion chemistry, such as pH effects on protein stability and soft matter interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Mandalaparthy
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Madhusmita Tripathy
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nico F A van der Vegt
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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38
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Carrillo JM, Wang Y, Kumar R, Sumpter BG. Coarse-grained explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations of semidilute unentangled polyelectrolyte solutions. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2023; 46:92. [PMID: 37796422 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
We present results from explicit-solvent coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of fully charged, salt-free, and unentangled polyelectrolytes in semidilute solutions. The inclusion of a polar solvent in the model allows for a more physical representation of these solutions at concentrations, where the assumptions of a continuum dielectric medium and screened hydrodynamics break down. The collective dynamic structure factor of polyelectrolytes, S(q, t), showed that at [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the polyelectrolyte peak in the structure factor S(q) and [Formula: see text] is the correlation length, the relaxation time obtained from fits to stretched exponential was [Formula: see text], which describes unscreened Zimm-like dynamics. This is in contrast to implicit-solvent simulations using a Langevin thermostat where [Formula: see text]. At [Formula: see text], a crossover region was observed that eventually transitions to another inflection point [Formula: see text] at length scales larger than [Formula: see text] for both implicit- and explicit-solvent simulations. The simulation results were also compared to scaling predictions for correlation length, [Formula: see text], specific viscosity, [Formula: see text], and diffusion coefficient, [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the polyelectrolyte concentration. The scaling prediction for [Formula: see text] holds; however, deviations from the predictions for [Formula: see text] and D were observed for systems at higher [Formula: see text], which are in qualitative agreements with recent experimental results. This study highlights the importance of explicit-solvent effects in molecular dynamics simulations, particularly in semidilute solutions, for a better understanding of polyelectrolyte solution behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Michael Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
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39
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Kuhl GM, Banning DH, Fargher HA, Davis WA, Howell MM, Zakharov LN, Pluth MD, Johnson DW. Benchmarking the placement of hydrosulfide in the Hofmeister series using a bambus[6]uril-based ChemFET sensor. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10273-10279. [PMID: 37772108 PMCID: PMC10530170 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03616b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrosulfide (HS-) is the conjugate base of gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and is a physiologically-relevant small molecule of great interest in the anion sensing community. However, selective sensing and molecular recognition of HS- in water remains difficult because, in addition to the diffuse charge and high solvation energy of anions, HS- is highly nucleophilic and readily oxidizes into other reactive sulfur species. Moreover, the direct placement of HS- in the Hofmeister series remains unclear. Supramolecular host-guest interactions provide a promising platform on which to recognize and bind hydrosulfide, and characterizing the placement of HS- in the Hofmeister series would facilitate the future design of selective receptors for this challenging anion. Few examples of supramolecular HS- binding have been reported, but the Sindelar group reported HS- binding in water using bambus[6]uril macrocycles in 2018. We used this HS- binding platform as a starting point to develop a chemically-sensitive field effect transistor (ChemFET) to facilitate assigning HS- to a specific place in the Hofmeister series. Specifically, we prepared dodeca-n-butyl bambus[6]uril and incorporated it into a ChemFET as the HS- receptor motif. The resultant device provided an amperometric response to HS-, and we used this device to measure the response of other anions, including SO42-, F-, Cl-, Br-, NO3-, ClO4-, and I-. Using this response data, we were able to experimentally determine that HS- lies between Cl- and Br- in the Hofmeister series, which matches recent theoretical computational work that predicted a similar placement. Taken together, these results highlight the potential of using molecular recognition coupled with ChemFET architectures to develop new approaches for direct and reversible HS- detection and measurement in water and further advance our understanding of different recognition approaches for this challenging anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace M Kuhl
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Douglas H Banning
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Hazel A Fargher
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Willow A Davis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Madeline M Howell
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Lev N Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Michael D Pluth
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon 97403-1253 Eugene OR USA https://www.dwjlab.com/
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40
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Tripathi N, Ray D, Aswal VK, Kuperkar K, Bahadur P. Salt induced micellization conduct in PEO-PPO-PEO-based block copolymers: a thermo-responsive approach. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:7227-7244. [PMID: 37724390 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00896g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The nanoscale self-assembly behavior in ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO)-based block copolymers (BCPs) commercially available as Pluronics®: L44 (PEO10-PPO23-PEO10) and F77 (PEO53-PPO34-PEO53) is put forth in aqueous solution and in the presence of sodium salts NaCl and Na2SO4. The moderate hydrophilicity of L44 is attributed to its low molecular weight PPO segment, while the high percentage of PEO content in F77 contributes to its extreme hydrophilicity. The impact of sodium salts (NaCl and Na2SO4) on the self-assembly is investigated to understand their influence and role in micellization, by employing various physicochemical techniques such as phase behavior conduct, calorimetry, tensiometry, scattering, and spectral analysis. The results indicate that at a low temperature range of 20-30 °C, Pluronics® solutions with a concentration of 10% w/v remain molecularly dissolved as individual units called unimers (Gaussian chain), which have a hydrodynamic size (Dh) of approximately 4-6 nm. Additionally, loose clusters of a few hundred nanometers in size are also observed. Though, at higher concentrations of BCPs and in the presence of salt or elevated temperatures, the examined micellar structures exhibit a higher degree of organization i.e., spherical or ellipsoidal in terms of size and shape. Also, the solubilization enhancement of a hydrophobic dye called orange OT within the examined micellar system is also undertaken using a spectral approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitumani Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Surat-395 007, Gujarat, India.
| | - Debes Ray
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, Maharashtra, India
- Biomacromolecular Systems and Processes, Institute of Biological Information Processing, Forschungszentrum, Julich-52428, Germany
| | - Vinod K Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketan Kuperkar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Surat-395 007, Gujarat, India.
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Udhana-Magdalla Road, Surat-395 007, Gujarat, India
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41
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Virkkala T, Kosourov S, Rissanen V, Siitonen V, Arola S, Allahverdiyeva Y, Tammelin T. Bioinspired mechanically stable all-polysaccharide based scaffold for photosynthetic production. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8788-8803. [PMID: 37668222 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00919j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the construction of water-stable, biocompatible and self-standing hydrogels as scaffolds for the photosynthetic production of ethylene using a bioinspired all-polysaccharidic design combining TEMPO-oxidised cellulose nanofibers (TCNF) and a cereal plant hemicellulose called mixed-linkage glucan (MLG). We compared three different molecular weight MLGs from barley to increase the wet strength of TCNF hydrogels, and to reveal the mechanisms defining the favourable interactions between the scaffold components. The interactions between MLGs and TCNF were revealed via adsorption studies and interfacial rheology investigations using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Our results show that both the MLG solution stability and adsorption behaviour did not exactly follow the well-known polymer adsorption and solubility theories especially in the presence of co-solute ions, in this case nitrates. We prepared hydrogel scaffolds for microalgal immobilisation, and high wet strength hydrogels were achieved with very low dosages of MLG (0.05 wt%) to the TCNF matrix. The all-polysaccharic biocatalytic architectures remained stable and produced ethylene for 120 h with yields comparable to the state-of-the-art scaffolds. Due to its natural origin and biodegradability, MLG offers a clear advantage in comparison to synthetic scaffold components, allowing the mechanical properties and water interactions to be tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli Virkkala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, VTT, PO Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Sergey Kosourov
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Ville Rissanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, VTT, PO Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Vilja Siitonen
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Suvi Arola
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, VTT, PO Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Tekla Tammelin
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, VTT, PO Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland.
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42
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Kumar A, Craig VSJ, Robertson H, Page AJ, Webber GB, Wanless EJ, Mitchell VD, Andersson GG. Specific Ion Effects at the Vapor-Formamide Interface: A Reverse Hofmeister Series in Ion Concentration Depth Profiles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12618-12626. [PMID: 37642667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Employing neutral impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (NICISS), we have directly measured the concentration depth profiles (CDPs) of various monovalent ions at the vapor-formamide interface. NICISS provides CDPs of individual ions by measuring the energy loss of neutral helium atoms backscattered from the solution interface. CDPs at the vapor-formamide interface of Cl-, Br-, I-, Na+, K+, and Cs+ are measured and compared to elucidate the interfacial specific ion trends. We report a reverse Hofmeister series in the presence of inorganic ions (anion and cation) at the vapor-formamide interface relative to the water-vapor interface, and the CDPs are found to be independent of the counterion for most ions studied. Thus, ions at the surface of formamide follow a "Hofmeister paradigm" where the counterion does not impact the ion series. These specific ion trends are complemented with surface tension and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) measurements on formamide electrolyte solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar
- Flinders Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Vincent S J Craig
- Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hayden Robertson
- College of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Alister J Page
- College of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Grant B Webber
- College of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Erica J Wanless
- College of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | | | - Gunther G Andersson
- Flinders Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
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43
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Nguyen TTP, Raji F, Nguyen CV, Nguyen NN, Nguyen AV. Effects of Charged Surfactants on Interfacial Water Structure and Macroscopic Properties of the Air-Water Interface. Chemphyschem 2023:e202300062. [PMID: 37679310 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are used to control the macroscopic properties of the air-water interface. However, the link between the surfactant molecular structure and the macroscopic properties remains unclear. Using sum-frequency generation spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, two ionic surfactants (dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, DTAB, and sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS) with the same carbon chain lengths and charge magnitude (but different signs) of head groups interact and reorient interfacial water molecules differently. DTAB forms a thicker but sparser interfacial layer than SDS. It is due to the deep penetration into the adsorption zone of Br- counterions compared to smaller Na+ ones, and also due to the flip-flop orientation of water molecules. SDS alters two distinctive interfacial water layers into a layer where H+ points to the air, forming strong hydrogen bonding with the sulphate headgroup. In contrast, only weaker dipole-dipole interactions with the DTAB headgroup are formed as they reorient water molecules with H+ point down to the aqueous phase. Hence, with more molecules adsorbed at the interface, SDS builds up a higher interfacial pressure than DTAB, producing lower surface tension and higher foam stability at a similar bulk concentration. Our findings offer improved knowledge for understanding various processes in the industry and nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao T P Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering and UQ Node of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Foad Raji
- School of Chemical Engineering and UQ Node of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cuong V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering and UQ Node of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ngoc N Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering and UQ Node of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anh V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering and UQ Node of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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44
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Emam S, Elgoud EA, Abd-Elhamid A, Aly H. Selective extraction of molybdenum (VI) with novel ionic liquid from nitric acid solution. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2023; 58:2123-2137. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2232099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sh.Sh. Emam
- Nuclear Fuel Chemistry Department, Hot Laboratories Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, cairo, Egypt
| | - E.M. Abu Elgoud
- Nuclear Fuel Chemistry Department, Hot Laboratories Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, cairo, Egypt
| | - A.I. Abd-Elhamid
- Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - H.F. Aly
- Nuclear Fuel Chemistry Department, Hot Laboratories Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, cairo, Egypt
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45
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Arakawa T, Tomioka Y, Kurosawa Y, Akuta T. Elucidating the mechanisms of additive effects at high concentrations on hydrophobic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1702:464091. [PMID: 37269642 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is a commonly used chromatography technique for purifying proteins. It utilizes salting-out salts to facilitate the binding of native proteins to weakly hydrophobic ligands. There have been three proposed mechanisms for the promoting effects of salting-out salts, which include the dehydration of proteins by salts, cavity theory, and salt exclusion. To evaluate the above three mechanisms, an HIC study was conducted on Phenyl Sepharose using four different additives. These additives included a salting-out salt (NH4)2SO4, sodium phosphate that increases the surface tension of water, a salting-in salt MgCl2, and an amphiphilic protein-precipitant polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results indicated that the first two salts resulted in protein binding, while MgCl2 and PEG led to flow-through. These findings were then used to interpret the three proposed mechanisms, which showed that MgCl2 and PEG deviated from the dehydration mechanism, and MgCl2 also deviated from the cavity theory. The observed effects of these additives on HIC were reasonably well explained for the first time by their interactions with proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Arakawa
- Alliance Protein Laboratories, 13380 Pantera Rd, San Diego, CA 92130, USA.
| | - Yui Tomioka
- Research and Development Division, Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd., 3333-26, Aza-Asayama, Kamitezuna Takahagi-shi, Ibaraki 318-0004, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kurosawa
- Research and Development Division, Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd., 3333-26, Aza-Asayama, Kamitezuna Takahagi-shi, Ibaraki 318-0004, Japan
| | - Teruo Akuta
- Research and Development Division, Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd., 3333-26, Aza-Asayama, Kamitezuna Takahagi-shi, Ibaraki 318-0004, Japan
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46
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Raji F, Nguyen CV, Nguyen NN, Nguyen TAH, Nguyen AV. Probing interfacial water structure induced by charge reversal and hydrophobicity of silica surface in the presence of divalent heavy metal ions using sum frequency generation spectroscopy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 647:152-162. [PMID: 37247479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Adsorption of divalent heavy metal ions (DHMIs) at the mineral-water interfaces changes interfacial chemical species and charges, interfacial water structure, Stern (SL), and diffuse (DL) layers. These molecular changes can be detected by probing changing orientation and hydrogen-bond network of interfacial water molecules in response to changing local charges and hydrophobicity. EXPERIMENTS Sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy was used to probe changes in vibrational resonances of interfacial OH vs. DHMI concentration and pH. SFG spectra were deconvoluted using the measured surface potential and maximum entropy method in conjunction with the electrical double-layer theory for the SL and DL structures and correlated by hydrophobicity. FINDINGS Three surface charge reversals (CRs) were detected at low (CR1), medium (CR2), and high (CR3) pHs. Unlike CR1, SFG signals were minimized at CR2 and CR3 for DHMIs-silica systems highlighting considerable alterations in the structure of interfacial waters due to the inner-sphere sorption of metal hydroxo complexes. SFG results showed "hydrophobic-like" stretching modes at > 3600 cm-1 for Pb-, Cu-, and Zn-treated silica. However, contact angle measurements revealed the hydrophobization of silica only in the presence of Pb(II), as confirmed by an in-depth SFG analysis of the hydrogen-bond network of the interfacial water molecules in the SL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foad Raji
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Cuong V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ngoc N Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tuan A H Nguyen
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anh V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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47
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Seki T, Yu CC, Chiang KY, Greco A, Yu X, Matsumura F, Bonn M, Nagata Y. Ions Speciation at the Water-Air Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10622-10630. [PMID: 37139910 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In typical aqueous systems, including naturally occurring sweet and salt water and tap water, multiple ion species are co-solvated. At the water-air interface, these ions are known to affect the chemical reactivity, aerosol formation, climate, and water odor. Yet, the composition of ions at the water interface has remained enigmatic. Here, using surface-specific heterodyne-detected sum-frequency generation spectroscopy, we quantify the relative surface activity of two co-solvated ions in solution. We find that more hydrophobic ions are speciated to the interface due to the hydrophilic ions. Quantitative analysis shows that the interfacial hydrophobic ion population increases with decreasing interfacial hydrophilic ion population at the interface. Simulations show that the solvation energy difference between the ions and the intrinsic surface propensity of ions determine the extent of an ion's speciation by other ions. This mechanism provides a unified view of the speciation of monatomic and polyatomic ions at electrolyte solution interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takakazu Seki
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Aomori, Japan
| | - Chun-Chieh Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Kuo-Yang Chiang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Alessandro Greco
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Fumiki Matsumura
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
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48
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Bourke T, Gregory KP, Page AJ. Hofmeister effects influence bulk nanostructure in a protic ionic liquid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 645:420-428. [PMID: 37156150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The origins and behaviour of specific ion effects have been studied in water for more than a century, and more recently in nonaqueous molecular solvents. However, the impacts of specific ion effects on more complex solvents such as nanostructured ionic liquids remains unclear. Here, we hypothesise that the influence of dissolved ions on the hydrogen bonding in the nanostructured ionic liquid propylammonium nitrate (PAN) constitutes a specific ion effect. EXPERIMENTS We performed molecular dynamics simulations of bulk PAN and 1-50 mol% PAN-PAX (X = halide anions F-, Cl-, Br-, I-) and PAN-YNO3 (Y = alkali metal cations, Li+, Na+, K+ and Rb+) solutions to investigate how monovalent salts influence the bulk nanostructure in PAN. FINDINGS The key structural characteristic in PAN is a well-defined hydrogen bond network formed within the polar and non-polar domains in its nanostructure. We show that dissolved alkali metal cations and halide anions have significant and unique influences on the strength of this network. Cations (Li+, Na+, K+ and Rb+) consistently promote hydrogen bonding in the PAN polar domain. Conversely, the influence of halide anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-) is ion specific; while F- disrupts PAN hydrogen bonding, I- promotes it. The manipulation of PAN hydrogen bonding therefore constitutes a specific ion effect - i.e. a physicochemical phenomena caused by the presence of dissolved ions, which are dependent on these ions' identity. We analyse these results using a recently proposed predictor of specific ion effects developed for molecular solvents, and show that it is also capable of rationalising specific ion effects in the more complex solvent environment of an ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bourke
- Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Kasimir P Gregory
- Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Alister J Page
- Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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49
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Azmi S, Klimek A, Frackowiak E. Why electrochemical capacitor electrolytes should not be ignored? Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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50
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Zhang Y, Cao X, Zhao Y, Li H, Xiao S, Chen Z, Huang G, Sun Y, Liu Z, He Z. An Anisotropic Hydrogel by Programmable Ionic Crosslinking for Sequential Two-Stage Actuation under Single Stimulus. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040279. [PMID: 37102891 PMCID: PMC10137370 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most important anisotropic intelligent materials, bi-layer stimuli-responsive actuating hydrogels have proven their wide potential in soft robots, artificial muscles, biosensors, and drug delivery. However, they can commonly provide a simple one-actuating process under one external stimulus, which severely limits their further application. Herein, we have developed a new anisotropic hydrogel actuator by local ionic crosslinking on the poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogel layer of the bi-layer hydrogel for sequential two-stage bending under a single stimulus. Under pH = 13, ionic-crosslinked PAA networks undergo shrinking (-COO−/Fe3+ complexation) and swelling (water absorption) processes. As a combination of Fe3+ crosslinked PAA hydrogel (PAA@Fe3+) with non-swelling poly(3-(1-(4-vinylbenzyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl)propane-1-sulfonate) (PZ) hydrogel, the as-prepared PZ-PAA@Fe3+ bi-layer hydrogel exhibits distinct fast and large-amplitude bidirectional bending behavior. Such sequential two-stage actuation, including bending orientation, angle, and velocity, can be controlled by pH, temperature, hydrogel thickness, and Fe3+ concentration. Furthermore, hand-patterning Fe3+ to crosslink with PAA enables us to achieve various complex 2D and 3D shape transformations. Our work provides a new bi-layer hydrogel system that performs sequential two-stage bending without switching external stimuli, which will inspire the design of programmable and versatile hydrogel-based actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuyu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Huahuo Li
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Shengwei Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhangxin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Guobo Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Ye Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhenzhong Liu
- Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Zhicai He
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.)
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