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Nasu K, Kumagai K, Yoshizawa T, Kitaura K, Matsubara R, Suzuki M, Suzuki R, Hamada Y. Type IVb Hypersensitivity Reaction in the Novel Murine Model of Palladium-Induced Intraoral Allergic Contact Mucositis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043137. [PMID: 36834546 PMCID: PMC9959297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Palladium (Pd) is a component of several alloy types that are widely used in our environment, including several dental alloy types that cause adverse reactions such as hypersensitivity in the oral mucosa. However, the pathological mechanism of intraoral Pd allergies remains unclear because its animal model in the oral mucosa has not been established. In this study, we established a novel murine model of Pd-induced allergies in the oral mucosa, and explored the immune response of cytokine profiles and T cell diversity in terms of the T cell receptor. The Pd-induced allergy mouse was generated by two sensitizations with PdCl2, plus a lipopolysaccharide solution into the postauricular skin followed by a single Pd challenge of the buccal mucosa. Significant swelling and pathological features were histologically evident at five days after the challenge, and CD4-positive T cells producing high levels of T helper 2 type cytokines had accumulated in the allergic oral mucosa. Characterization of the T cell receptor repertoire in Palladium allergic mice indicated that Pd-specific T cell populations were limited in V and J genes but were diverse at the clonal level. Our model demonstrated that a Pd-specific T cell population with Th2 type response tendencies may be involved in the Pd-induced intraoral metal contact allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nasu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kumagai
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takamasa Yoshizawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kitaura
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
- Repertoire Genesis Inc., Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsubara
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sendai Tokushukai Hospital, Sendai 981-3116, Japan
| | - Motoaki Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Ryuji Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
- Repertoire Genesis Inc., Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hamada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-45-580-8327
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Nakasone Y, Kumagai K, Matsubara R, Shigematsu H, Kitaura K, Suzuki S, Satoh M, Hamada Y, Suzuki R. Characterization of T cell receptors in a novel murine model of nickel-induced intraoral metal contact allergy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209248. [PMID: 30557354 PMCID: PMC6296741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel is a component of several alloy types that are widely used in our environment, including several dental alloy types that cause intraoral metal contact allergy. However, metal-specific immune responses in the oral mucosa have not been elucidated because a suitable animal model has not been established. In this study, we established a novel murine model of nickel-induced intraoral metal contact allergy and aimed to elucidate the immune response in terms of T-cell receptor repertoire and cytokine profiles in inflamed oral mucosa. The intraoral metal contact allergy model was induced by two sensitizations of nickel plus lipopolysaccharide solution into the postauricular skin followed by a single nickel challenge of the buccal mucosa. Cytokine expression profiles and T-cell phenotypes were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. T cells accumulated in the cervical lymph nodes and inflamed oral mucosa were characterized by analyzing their T-cell receptor α- and β-chain repertoires, and the nucleotide sequences of complementary determining region 3. Significant swelling and pathological features were histologically evident at 1 day after challenge in mice with nickel allergy. At 1 day after the challenge, CD8-positive T cells producing high levels of T helper 1 type cytokines had accumulated in the allergic oral mucosa. At 7 days after the challenge, excessive nickel allergy in the oral mucosa was suppressed by regulatory T cells. Characterization of the T-cell receptor repertoire in nickel allergic mice revealed the presence of natural killer T cells and T cells bearing Trav6-6-Traj57 at 1 day after the challenge. Our murine model of nickel-induced intraoral metal contact allergy showed that natural killer T cells and T cells bearing Trav6-6-Traj57 might be involved in the immune responses of nickel-induced intraoral metal contact allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Nakasone
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kumagai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
- Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tsurumi University Dental Hospital, Yokohama Japan
- * E-mail: (RS); (KKu)
| | - Ryota Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama General Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shigematsu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
- Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tsurumi University Dental Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kitaura
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Satsuki Suzuki
- Section of Biological Sciences, Research Center for Odontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Satoh
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hamada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
- Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tsurumi University Dental Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Ryuji Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
- * E-mail: (RS); (KKu)
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Kosten IJ, van de Ven R, Thon M, Gibbs S, de Gruijl TD. Comparative phenotypic and functional analysis of migratory dendritic cell subsets from human oral mucosa and skin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180333. [PMID: 28704477 PMCID: PMC5509153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen exposure to oral mucosa is generally thought to lead to immune tolerance induction. However, very little is known about the subset composition and function of dendritic cells (DC) migrating from human oral mucosa. Here we show that migratory DC from healthy human gingival explants consist of the same phenotypic subsets in the same frequency distribution as DC migrating from human skin. The gingival CD1a+ Langerhans cell and interstitial DC subsets lacked CXCR4 expression in contrast to their cutaneous counterparts, pointing to different migration mechanisms, consistent with previous observations in constructed skin and gingival equivalents. Remarkably, without any exogenous conditioning, gingival explants released higher levels of inflammatory cytokines than human skin explants, resulting in higher DC migration rates and a superior ability of migrated DC to prime allogeneic T cells and to induce type-1 effector T cell differentiation. From these observations we conclude that rather than an intrinsic ability to induce T cell tolerance, DC migrating from oral mucosa may have a propensity to induce effector T cell immunity and maintain a high state of alert against possible pathogenic intruders in the steady state. These findings may have implications for oral immunization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rieneke van de Ven
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Thon
- Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Ahlfors EE, Dahl JE, Lyberg T. The development of T cell-dominated inflammatory responses induced by sodium lauryl sulphate in mouse oral mucosa. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57:796-804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E E Ahlfors
- Research Forum, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Seidler DG, Mohamed NA, Bocian C, Stadtmann A, Hermann S, Schäfers K, Schäfers M, Iozzo RV, Zarbock A, Götte M. The role for decorin in delayed-type hypersensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:6108-19. [PMID: 22043007 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, regulates extracellular matrix organization, growth factor-mediated signaling, and cell growth. Because decorin may directly modulate immune responses, we investigated its role in a mouse model of contact allergy (oxazolone-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity [DTH]) in decorin-deficient (Dcn(-/-)) and wild-type mice. Dcn(-/-) mice showed a reduced ear swelling 24 h after oxazolone treatment with a concurrent attenuation of leukocyte infiltration. These findings were corroborated by reduced glucose metabolism, as determined by (18)fluordeoxyglucose uptake in positron emission tomography scans. Unexpectedly, polymorphonuclear leukocyte numbers in Dcn(-/-) blood vessels were significantly increased and accompanied by large numbers of flattened leukocytes adherent to the endothelium. Intravital microscopy and flow chamber and static adhesion assays confirmed increased adhesion and reduced transmigration of Dcn(-/-) leukocytes. Circulating blood neutrophil numbers were significantly increased in Dcn(-/-) mice 24 h after DTH elicitation, but they were only moderately increased in wild-type mice. Expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α was reduced, whereas syndecan-1 and ICAM-1 were overexpressed in inflamed ears of Dcn(-/-) mice, indicating that these adhesion molecules could be responsible for increased leukocyte adhesion. Decorin treatment of endothelial cells increased tyrosine phosphorylation and reduced syndecan-1 expression. Notably, absence of syndecan-1 in a genetic background lacking decorin rescued the attenuated DTH phenotype of Dcn(-/-) mice. Collectively, these results implicated a role for decorin in mediating DTH responses by influencing polymorphonuclear leukocyte attachment to the endothelium. This occurs via two nonmutually exclusive mechanisms that involve a direct antiadhesive effect on polymorphonuclear leukocytes and a negative regulation of ICAM-1 and syndecan-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela G Seidler
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Harley R, Gruffydd-Jones T, Day M. Immunohistochemical Characterization of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Cats with Chronic Gingivostomatitis. J Comp Pathol 2011; 144:239-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.09.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ukichi K, Okamura T, Fukushima D, Morimoto M, Yamane GY, Takahashi S. Th1/Th2 Balance in Mouse Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Model with Mercuric Chloride via Skin and Oral Mucosa. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2011; 52:13-20. [DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.52.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Arzi B, Murphy B, Baumgarth N, Vapniarsky N, Nemec A, Naydan DK, Cox DP, Verstraete FJM. Analysis of Immune Cells within the Healthy Oral Mucosa of Specific Pathogen-Free Cats. Anat Histol Embryol 2010; 40:1-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2010.01031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Okamura T, Morimoto M, Yamane G, Takahashi S. Langerhans' cells in the murine oral mucosa in the inductive phase of delayed type hypersensitivity with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 134:188-94. [PMID: 14616776 PMCID: PMC1808862 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We created a murine model of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). Using this murine model, we compared oral mucosal sensitization and skin sensitization for the difference in reaction during the elicitation phase. Evaluation of sensitizability, using the mouse ear swelling test (MEST) after oral mucosal or skin sensitization, showed that the ear swelling response peaked 24 h after challenge. The optimal induction concentration was 1.0% in both oral mucosal and skin sensitization, resulting in a positive reaction rate of 100%. However, the ear swelling response 24 h after challenge with the optimal concentration of DNCB (1.0%) was significantly lower in oral mucosal than in skin sensitization. We compared the oral mucosal and skin sensitization sites for the number of Langerhans' cells (LC) and the antigen-presenting capability in the induction phase. The numbers of F4/80+ major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ LC before induction did not differ significantly between the oral mucosa and the skin. After induction, F4/80+ MHC class II+ LC increased in number, but the increase was significantly smaller in the oral mucosa than in the skin. MEST on anti-CD86 antibody-administered mice showed that ear swelling was similarly suppressed after oral mucosal or skin sensitization. In murine models of DTH after oral mucosal sensitization, the number of F4/80+CD86+ LC increased after induction, but the increase was significantly smaller than that in murine models of DTH after skin sensitization. This study showed that, in murine models of DTH, oral mucosal sensitization elicited a weaker reaction than skin sensitization. This was presumably because oral mucosal sensitization induced fewer LC, resulting in lower antigen-presenting capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okamura
- Department of Oral Medicine, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
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Otten K, Dragoo J, Wang HC, Klein JR. Antigen-induced chemokine activation in mouse buccal epithelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 304:36-40. [PMID: 12705880 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The oral mucosa is an active though poorly understood immunological site. Using an experimental animal system involving antigen priming into the oral mucosa of transgenic mice expressing T cell receptor (TCR) for a peptide antigen of hen-egg lysozyme (HEL), the expression of six chemokine receptors and seven chemokine ligands were studied before and after antigen exposure. Within 24h of local antigen priming, the expression of three chemokine receptor genes (CCR3, CCR5, and CCR7) and three chemokine ligand genes (CCL12, CCL19, and CCL25) were significantly upregulated. These included chemokines known to be responsible for the trafficking of T cells and other leukocytes into tissue sites. Additionally, expression of the chemokine ligand gene, CCL25 (thymus-expressed chemokine [TECK]), which has been linked to T cell migration and/or local T cell development in the intestine, was also markedly elevated in buccal epithelia after antigen exposure. These findings define a process of selective activation of proinflammatory chemokines and/or their receptors following local antigen exposure, and they provide the first evidence, indicating that this may be accompanied by in situ development of T cells in oral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Otten
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dental Branch, Rm 4.133, 6516 M.D. Anderson Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Harley R, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Day MJ. Characterization of immune cell populations in oral mucosal tissue of healthy adult cats. J Comp Pathol 2003; 128:146-55. [PMID: 12634092 DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.2002.0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the leucocyte subsets present in the oral mucosa of healthy cats. Immunohistochemical labelling and computer-assisted morphometric analysis was used to identify expression of MHC class II, CD3, CD79a, IgG, IgM, IgA, and leucocyte antigen L1 (L1) by cells in sections from 19 cats, and expression of CD4 and CD8 by cells in sections from 17 cats. Mast cells were detected by toluidine blue staining. In the epithelial compartment, CD3(+) intraepithelial lymphocytes were detected, and CD8(+) cells were more common than CD4(+) cells. MHC class II labelling revealed intraepithelial and subepithelial cells with a characteristic dendritic morphology. In some sections these dendritic cells were closely associated with subepithelial clusters of CD3(+) T cells containing both CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells. In the lamina propria and submucosal compartments, the cells most commonly identified were mast cells. CD3(+) T-lymphocytes were also observed, and CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were detected in similar numbers. L1(+) and CD79(+) cells were detected least frequently. The few plasma cells present were generally found to be either IgG(+) or IgA(+). Within the stroma surrounding the salivary glands, CD79a(+) and IgA(+) cells predominated. Slight epithelial labelling for L1 was seen in some sections. The normal feline oral mucosa clearly contains a range of immune cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Harley
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Science, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
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El Fakhry Y, Achbarou A, Franetich JF, Desportes-Livage I, Mazier D. Dissemination of Encephalitozoon intestinalis, a causative agent of human microsporidiosis, in IFN-gamma receptor knockout mice. Parasite Immunol 2001; 23:19-25. [PMID: 11136474 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2001.00351.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The dissemination of Encephalitozoon intestinalis, a microsporidium causing intestinal diseases and systemic infection in humans, was investigated in IFN-gamma Ro/o mice. Although lesions were seen in organs of autopsied animals, the parasites were rarely detected using histological examination. Nevertheless, infection of the duodenum, liver, kidneys and lungs was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction. This method also enabled the detection of the parasite in the brain and the heart. The development of E. intestinalis in RK13 cell cultures to which cell suspensions from liver, kidney, lung or brain of infected IFN-gamma Ro/o mice were added, confirmed the spread of intestinal microsporidiosis to these organs. No dissemination was observed in wild-type mice. These results confirm those of previous studies and emphasize the low morbidity of the infection in IFN-gamma Ro/o mice and confirm the role of IFN-gamma in the control of E. intestinalis infection. These mice infected with E. intestinalis offer important information about this interesting and important parasitic disease of man and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y El Fakhry
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada.
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Lincoln JA, Lefkowitz DL, Grattendick KJ, Lefkowitz SS, Allen RC. Enzymatically inactive eosinophil peroxidase inhibits proinflammatory cytokine transcription and secretion by macrophages. Cell Immunol 1999; 196:23-33. [PMID: 10486152 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1999.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present investigators have reported previously that macrophages (Mphi) can bind either myeloperoxidase (MPO) or eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) resulting in enhanced cytotoxicity to Candida albicans. Since MPO was shown to be immunomodulatory, the present study was initiated to determine whether either EPO or partially fragmented EPO (fgEPO) also modulated cytokine secretion. Murine peritoneal Mφ simultaneously stimulated with fgEPO and one of the following, (1) LPS, (2) mannosylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA), (3) interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), or (4) Poly I:C, demonstrated both dose- and time-dependent decreases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 and a dose-dependent decrease in IFN-alpha/beta. The mRNA levels of Mphi exposed to fgEPO and mBSA demonstrated that fgEPO modulated Mphi cytokine function by decreasing TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA transcripts without altering transcription of TGF-beta or GM-CSF. These results demonstrate a possible interaction between the Mphi and eosinophil that could result in reduction of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Lincoln
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
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Zunic M, Bahr GM, Mudde GC, Meingassner JG, Lam C. MDP(Lysyl)GDP, a nontoxic muramyl dipeptide derivative, inhibits cytokine production by activated macrophages and protects mice from phorbol ester- and oxazolone-induced inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 111:77-82. [PMID: 9665390 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide are proposed to orchestrate pathophysiologic mechanism(s) associated with various inflammatory dermatoses. This study examines whether a water soluble 3-O-[N-acetylmuramyl-L-lysyl-D-iso]-2-di-on-glycine [MDP(Lysyl)GDP], a nontoxic and nonpyrogenic derivative of muramyl dipeptide (MDP), can inhibit the in vitro production of inflammatory mediators by lipopolysaccharide- or interferon-gamma-activated macrophages, and whether such an inhibitory effect can translate into in vivo protection of mice from irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. Thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages cultured in medium alone or in medium supplemented with MDP(Lysyl)GDP (1-100 microg per ml) expressed neither mRNA transcripts for inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nor cytokine proteins and nitric oxide activity. Incubation of the cells with either lipopolysaccharide or interferon-gamma for 6 h resulted in a significant induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA, and the accumulation of high levels of monokines and nitrites in cultures by 24 h. Co-incubation of the macrophages with lipopolysaccharide or interferon-gamma and MDP(Lysyl)GDP (1-100 microg per ml) resulted in a concentration-dependent suppression of the steady-state mRNA transcripts for inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1beta, induced by lipopolysaccharide, but not by interferon-gamma. In mouse models of phorbol ester- and oxazolone-induced ear inflammation, topical application of MDP(Lysyl)GDP significantly suppressed ear swelling in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, oral treatment with MDP(Lysyl)GDP at days -3, -2, and -1 before elicitation with oxazolone also significantly inhibited ear inflammation. Taken together, our findings suggest that MDP(Lysyl)GDP has the potential to be a therapeutic application in the treatment of inflammatory conditions in which overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators are implicated to play a pathogenic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zunic
- Novartis Forschungsinstitut, Vienna, Austria
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