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Stepien BK, Wielockx B. From Vessels to Neurons-The Role of Hypoxia Pathway Proteins in Embryonic Neurogenesis. Cells 2024; 13:621. [PMID: 38607059 PMCID: PMC11012138 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Embryonic neurogenesis can be defined as a period of prenatal development during which divisions of neural stem and progenitor cells give rise to neurons. In the central nervous system of most mammals, including humans, the majority of neocortical neurogenesis occurs before birth. It is a highly spatiotemporally organized process whose perturbations lead to cortical malformations and dysfunctions underlying neurological and psychiatric pathologies, and in which oxygen availability plays a critical role. In case of deprived oxygen conditions, known as hypoxia, the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway is activated, resulting in the selective expression of a group of genes that regulate homeostatic adaptations, including cell differentiation and survival, metabolism and angiogenesis. While a physiological degree of hypoxia is essential for proper brain development, imbalanced oxygen levels can adversely affect this process, as observed in common obstetrical pathologies such as prematurity. This review comprehensively explores and discusses the current body of knowledge regarding the role of hypoxia and the HIF pathway in embryonic neurogenesis of the mammalian cortex. Additionally, it highlights existing gaps in our understanding, presents unanswered questions, and provides avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K. Stepien
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Experimental Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Aslan D, Soztutar E, Ay H. Adverse effects of maternal retinyl palmitate, a vitamin A compound, on the fetal liver. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2023; 93:529-534. [PMID: 36200141 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Consuming high doses of vitamin A during pregnancy may lead to malformations in the offspring. Some reports state that low doses that do not cause macroscopic abnormalities may result in mental and behavioral disorders. However, there are few studies on the microscopic effects of these doses on the organism. Objective: The aim was to investigate the effects of early prenatal exposure to different doses of oral vitamin A on the fetal liver. Materials and methods: Twenty-five pregnant rats, divided into five groups, received oral vitamin A at doses of 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, and 200,000 IU/kg between days 10 and 12 of gestation. The fetuses were collected on day 19 of gestation, their livers were dissected, and histology, apoptosis, and proliferation were examined by hematoxylin-eosin, TUNEL assay, and Ki67 immunolabeling using stereological methods. Results: Vitamin A decreased fetal liver volume, the number of Ki67-positive cells per unit volume, and the total number of hepatocytes at all doses except 10,000 IU/kg (p<0.001). Consequently, apoptosis was significantly higher in the groups receiving 100,000 and 200,000 IU/kg vitamin A (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our study shows that vitamin A administered during gestation days 10-12 has a suppressive effect on the developing rat liver when the dose exceeds 10,000 IU/kg, probably due to increased apoptosis and suppressed cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Aslan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Erdem Soztutar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Ay
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Vujovic F, Shepherd CE, Witting PK, Hunter N, Farahani RM. Redox-Mediated Rewiring of Signalling Pathways: The Role of a Cellular Clock in Brain Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1873. [PMID: 37891951 PMCID: PMC10604469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metazoan signalling pathways can be rewired to dampen or amplify the rate of events, such as those that occur in development and aging. Given that a linear network topology restricts the capacity to rewire signalling pathways, such scalability of the pace of biological events suggests the existence of programmable non-linear elements in the underlying signalling pathways. Here, we review the network topology of key signalling pathways with a focus on redox-sensitive proteins, including PTEN and Ras GTPase, that reshape the connectivity profile of signalling pathways in response to an altered redox state. While this network-level impact of redox is achieved by the modulation of individual redox-sensitive proteins, it is the population by these proteins of critical nodes in a network topology of signal transduction pathways that amplifies the impact of redox-mediated reprogramming. We propose that redox-mediated rewiring is essential to regulate the rate of transmission of biological signals, giving rise to a programmable cellular clock that orchestrates the pace of biological phenomena such as development and aging. We further review the evidence that an aberrant redox-mediated modulation of output of the cellular clock contributes to the emergence of pathological conditions affecting the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Vujovic
- IDR/Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (F.V.); (N.H.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - Paul K. Witting
- Redox Biology Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Neil Hunter
- IDR/Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (F.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Ramin M. Farahani
- IDR/Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (F.V.); (N.H.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Yoo HS, Moss KO, Cockrum MA, Woo W, Napoli JL. Energy status regulates levels of the RAR/RXR ligand 9-cis-retinoic acid in mammalian tissues: Glucose reduces its synthesis in β-cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105255. [PMID: 37714463 PMCID: PMC10582780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA) binds retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR) with nanomolar affinities, in contrast to all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), which binds only RAR with nanomolar affinities. RXR heterodimerize with type II nuclear receptors, including RAR, to regulate a vast gene array. Despite much effort, 9cRA has not been identified as an endogenous retinoid, other than in pancreas. By revising tissue analysis methods, 9cRA quantification by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry becomes possible in all mouse tissues analyzed. 9cRA occurs in concentrations similar to or greater than atRA. Fasting increases 9cRA in white and brown adipose, brain and pancreas, while increasing atRA in white adipose, liver and pancreas. 9cRA supports FoxO1 actions in pancreas β-cells and counteracts glucose actions that lead to glucotoxicity; in part by inducing Atg7 mRNA, which encodes the key enzyme essential for autophagy. Glucose suppresses 9cRA biosynthesis in the β-cell lines 832/13 and MIN6. Glucose reduces 9cRA biosynthesis in 832/13 cells by inhibiting Rdh5 transcription, unconnected to insulin, through cAMP and Akt, and inhibiting FoxO1. Through adapting tissue specifically to fasting, 9cRA would act independent of atRA. Widespread occurrence of 9cRA in vivo, and its self-sufficient adaptation to energy status, provides new perspectives into regulation of energy balance, attenuation of insulin and glucose actions, regulation of type II nuclear receptors, and retinoid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sik Yoo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Kristin Obrochta Moss
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Michael A Cockrum
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Wonsik Woo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Joseph L Napoli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
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Marie A, Kinet R, Helbling JC, Darricau M, Alfos S, Di Miceli M, Angelo MF, Foury A, Richard E, Trifilieff P, Mallet NP, Bosch-Bouju C. Impact of dietary vitamin A on striatal function in adult rats. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23037. [PMID: 37392372 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300133r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The striatum is a brain structure involved in the control of voluntary movement. Striatum contains high amounts of retinoic acid, the active metabolite of vitamin A, as well as retinoid receptors, RARβ and RXRγ. Previous studies revealed that disruption of retinoid signaling initiated during development is deleterious for striatal physiology and related motor functions. However, the alteration of retinoid signaling, and the importance of vitamin A supply during adulthood on striatal physiology and function has never been established. In the present study, we investigated the impact of vitamin A supply on striatal function. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with three specific diets, either sub-deficient, sufficient, or enriched in vitamin A (0.4, 5, and 20 international units [IU] of retinol per g of diet, respectively) for 6 months. We first validated that vitamin A sub-deficient diet in adult rats constitutes a physiological model of retinoid signaling reduction in the striatum. We then revealed subtle alterations of fine motor skills in sub-deficient rats using a new behavioral apparatus specifically designed to test forepaw reach-and-grasp skills relying on striatal function. Finally, we showed using qPCR analysis and immunofluorescence that the striatal dopaminergic system per se was not affected by vitamin A sub-deficiency at adult age. Rather, cholinergic synthesis in the striatum and μ-opioid receptor expression in striosomes sub-territories were the most affected by vitamin A sub-deficiency starting at adulthood. Taken together these results revealed that retinoid signaling alteration at adulthood is associated with motor learning deficits together with discrete neurobiological alterations in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Marie
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rémi Kinet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Morgane Darricau
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Di Miceli
- Worcester Biomedical Research Group, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | | | - Aline Foury
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- INSERM, U1035, CHU Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas P Mallet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
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Yoo HS, Cockrum MA, Napoli JL. Cyp26a1 supports postnatal retinoic acid homeostasis and glucoregulatory control. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104669. [PMID: 37011860 PMCID: PMC10176252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence confirms the importance of Cyp26a1 to all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) homeostasis during embryogenesis. In contrast, despite its presence in postnatal liver as a potential major RA catabolizing enzyme and its acute sensitivity to induction by RA, some data suggested that Cyp26a1 contributes only marginally to endogenous RA homeostasis postnatally. We report reevaluation of a conditional Cyp26a1 knockdown in the postnatal mouse. The current results show that Cyp26a1 mRNA in WT mouse liver increases 16-fold upon refeeding after a fast, accompanied by an increased rate of RA elimination and a 41% decrease in the RA concentration. In contrast, Cyp26a1 mRNA in the refed homozygotic knockdown reached only 2% of its extent in WT during refeeding, accompanied by a slower rate of RA catabolism and no decrease in liver RA, relative to fasting. Refed homozygous knockdown mice also had decreased Akt1 and 2 phosphorylation and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4) mRNA and increased glucokinase (Gck) mRNA, glycogen phosphorylase (Pygl) phosphorylation, and serum glucose, relative to WT. Fasted homozygous knockdown mice had increased glucagon/insulin relative to WT. These data indicate that Cyp26a1 participates prominently in moderating the postnatal liver concentration of endogenous RA and contributes essentially to glucoregulatory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sik Yoo
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, UC-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Michael A Cockrum
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, UC-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Joseph L Napoli
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, UC-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
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Cediel-Ulloa A, Lupu DL, Johansson Y, Hinojosa M, Özel F, Rüegg J. Impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals on neurodevelopment: the need for better testing strategies for endocrine disruption-induced developmental neurotoxicity. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:131-141. [PMID: 35255767 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2044788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain development is highly dependent on hormonal regulation. Exposure to chemicals disrupting endocrine signaling has been associated with neurodevelopmental impairment. This raises concern about exposure to the suspected thousands of endocrine disruptors, and has resulted in efforts to improve regulation of these chemicals. Yet, the causal links between endocrine disruption and developmental neurotoxicity, which would be required for regulatory action, are still largely missing. AREAS COVERED In this review, we illustrate the importance of two endocrine systems, thyroid hormone and retinoic acid pathways, for neurodevelopment. We place special emphasis on TH and RA synthesis, metabolism, and how endocrine disrupting chemicals known or suspected to affect these systems are associated with developmental neurotoxicity. EXPERT OPINION While it is clear that neurodevelopment is dependent on proper hormonal functioning, and evidence is increasing for developmental neurotoxicity induced by endocrine disrupting chemicals, this is not grasped by current chemical testing. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop test methods detecting endocrine disruption in the context of neurodevelopment. Key to this development is further mechanistic insights on the involvement of endocrine signaling in neurodevelopment as well as increased support to develop and validate new test methods for the regulatory context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ylva Johansson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Maria Hinojosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Fatih Özel
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Centre for Women's Mental Health during the Reproductive Lifespan - Womher, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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Isotretinoin and neuropsychiatric side effects: Continued vigilance is needed. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021; 6. [PMID: 37168254 PMCID: PMC10168661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid, marketed under the names Accutane, Roaccutane, and others) is an effective treatment for acne that has been on the market for over 30 years, although reports of neuropsychiatric side effects continue to be reported. Isotretinoin is an isomer of the active form of Vitamin A, 13-trans-retinoic acid, which has known psychiatric side effects when given in excessive doses, and is part of the family of compounds called retinoids, which have multiple functions in the central nervous system. Methods The literature was reviewed in pubmed and psychinfo for research related to isotretinoin and neuropsychiatric side effects including depression, suicidal thoughts, suicide, mania, anxiety, impulsivity, emotional lability, violence, aggression, and psychosis. Results Multiple case series have shown that successful treatment of acne with isotretinoin results in improvements in measures of quality of life and self esteem However, studies show individual cases of clinically significant depression and other neuropsychiatric events that, although not common, are persistent in the literature. Since the original cases of depression were reported to the United States Food and Drug Administration, numerous cases have been reported to regulatory agencies in the United Kingdom, France, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, Canada, and other countries, making isotretinoin one of the top five medications in the world associated with depression and other neuropsychiatric side effects. Clinicians are advised to warn patients of the risks of neuropsychiatric side effects with isotretinoin which may arise from the medication itself, and not just as a side effect of acne or youth.
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Biyong EF, Tremblay C, Leclerc M, Caron V, Alfos S, Helbling JC, Rodriguez L, Pernet V, Bennett DA, Pallet V, Calon F. Role of Retinoid X Receptors (RXRs) and dietary vitamin A in Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from clinicopathological and preclinical studies. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 161:105542. [PMID: 34737043 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin A (VitA), via its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA), is critical for the maintenance of memory function with advancing age. Although its role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not well understood, data suggest that impaired brain VitA signaling is associated with the accumulation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), and could thus contribute to the onset of AD. METHODS We evaluated the protective action of a six-month-long dietary VitA-supplementation (20 IU/g), starting at 8 months of age, on the memory and the neuropathology of the 3xTg-AD mouse model of AD (n = 11-14/group; including 4-6 females and 7-8 males). We also measured protein levels of Retinoic Acid Receptor β (RARβ) and Retinoid X Receptor γ (RXRγ) in homogenates from the inferior parietal cortex of 60 participants of the Religious Orders study (ROS) divided in three groups: no cognitive impairment (NCI) (n = 20), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 20) and AD (n = 20). RESULTS The VitA-enriched diet preserved spatial memory of 3xTg-AD mice in the Y maze. VitA-supplementation affected hippocampal RXR expression in an opposite way according to sex by tending to increase in males and decrease in females their mRNA expression. VitA-enriched diet also reduced the amount of hippocampal Aβ40 and Aβ42, as well as the phosphorylation of tau protein at sites Ser396/Ser404 (PHF-1) in males. VitA-supplementation had no effect on tau phosphorylation in females but worsened their hippocampal Aβ load. However, the expression of Rxr-β in the hippocampus was negatively correlated with the amount of both soluble and insoluble Aβ in both males and females. Western immunoblotting in the human cortical samples of the ROS study did not reveal differences in RARβ levels. However, it evidenced a switch from a 60-kDa-RXRγ to a 55-kDa-RXRγ in AD, correlating with ante mortem cognitive decline and the accumulation of neuritic plaques in the brain cortex. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that (i) an altered expression of RXRs receptors is a contributor to β-amyloid pathology in both humans and 3xTg-AD mice, (ii) a chronic exposure of 3xTg-AD mice to a VitA-enriched diet may be protective in males, but not in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi F Biyong
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, Canada; Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada; LIA OptiNutriBrain - Laboratoire International Associé (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Canada
| | - Cyntia Tremblay
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Manon Leclerc
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Caron
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Serge Alfos
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Léa Rodriguez
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Pernet
- CUO-Recherche, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; LIA OptiNutriBrain - Laboratoire International Associé (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, Canada; Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada; LIA OptiNutriBrain - Laboratoire International Associé (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Canada.
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Mechanisms of Ethanol-Induced Cerebellar Ataxia: Underpinnings of Neuronal Death in the Cerebellum. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168678. [PMID: 34444449 PMCID: PMC8391842 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol consumption remains a major concern at a world scale in terms of transient or irreversible neurological consequences, with motor, cognitive, or social consequences. Cerebellum is particularly vulnerable to ethanol, both during development and at the adult stage. In adults, chronic alcoholism elicits, in particular, cerebellar vermis atrophy, the anterior lobe of the cerebellum being highly vulnerable. Alcohol-dependent patients develop gait ataxia and lower limb postural tremor. Prenatal exposure to ethanol causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), characterized by permanent congenital disabilities in both motor and cognitive domains, including deficits in general intelligence, attention, executive function, language, memory, visual perception, and communication/social skills. Children with FASD show volume deficits in the anterior lobules related to sensorimotor functions (Lobules I, II, IV, V, and VI), and lobules related to cognitive functions (Crus II and Lobule VIIB). Various mechanisms underlie ethanol-induced cell death, with oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress being the main pro-apoptotic mechanisms in alcohol abuse and FASD. Oxidative and ER stresses are induced by thiamine deficiency, especially in alcohol abuse, and are exacerbated by neuroinflammation, particularly in fetal ethanol exposure. Furthermore, exposure to ethanol during the prenatal period interferes with neurotransmission, neurotrophic factors and retinoic acid-mediated signaling, and reduces the number of microglia, which diminishes expected cerebellar development. We highlight the spectrum of cerebellar damage induced by ethanol, emphasizing physiological-based clinical profiles and biological mechanisms leading to cell death and disorganized development.
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Stepien BK, Vaid S, Huttner WB. Length of the Neurogenic Period-A Key Determinant for the Generation of Upper-Layer Neurons During Neocortex Development and Evolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:676911. [PMID: 34055808 PMCID: PMC8155536 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.676911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neocortex, a six-layer neuronal brain structure that arose during the evolution of, and is unique to, mammals, is the seat of higher order brain functions responsible for human cognitive abilities. Despite its recent evolutionary origin, it shows a striking variability in size and folding complexity even among closely related mammalian species. In most mammals, cortical neurogenesis occurs prenatally, and its length correlates with the length of gestation. The evolutionary expansion of the neocortex, notably in human, is associated with an increase in the number of neurons, particularly within its upper layers. Various mechanisms have been proposed and investigated to explain the evolutionary enlargement of the human neocortex, focussing in particular on changes pertaining to neural progenitor types and their division modes, driven in part by the emergence of human-specific genes with novel functions. These led to an amplification of the progenitor pool size, which affects the rate and timing of neuron production. In addition, in early theoretical studies, another mechanism of neocortex expansion was proposed—the lengthening of the neurogenic period. A critical role of neurogenic period length in determining neocortical neuron number was subsequently supported by mathematical modeling studies. Recently, we have provided experimental evidence in rodents directly supporting the mechanism of extending neurogenesis to specifically increase the number of upper-layer cortical neurons. Moreover, our study examined the relationship between cortical neurogenesis and gestation, linking the extension of the neurogenic period to the maternal environment. As the exact nature of factors promoting neurogenic period prolongation, as well as the generalization of this mechanism for evolutionary distinct lineages, remain elusive, the directions for future studies are outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K Stepien
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society (MPG), Munich, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, School of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Samir Vaid
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society (MPG), Munich, Germany
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Society (MPG), Munich, Germany
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Congenital Malformations in Sea Turtles: Puzzling Interplay between Genes and Environment. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020444. [PMID: 33567785 PMCID: PMC7915190 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Congenital malformations can lead to embryonic mortality in many species, and sea turtles are no exception. Genetic and/or environmental alterations occur during early development in the embryo, and may produce aberrant phenotypes, many of which are incompatible with life. Causes of malformations are multifactorial; genetic factors may include mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and inbreeding effects, whereas non-genetic factors may include nutrition, hyperthermia, low moisture, radiation, and contamination. It is possible to monitor and control some of these factors (such as temperature and humidity) in nesting beaches, and toxic compounds in feeding areas, which can be transferred to the embryo through their lipophilic properties. In this review, we describe possible causes of different types of malformations observed in sea turtle embryos, as well as some actions that may help reduce embryonic mortality. Abstract The completion of embryonic development depends, in part, on the interplay between genetic factors and environmental conditions, and any alteration during development may affect embryonic genetic and epigenetic regulatory pathways leading to congenital malformations, which are mostly incompatible with life. Oviparous reptiles, such as sea turtles, that produce numerous eggs in a clutch that is buried on the beach provide an opportunity to study embryonic mortality associated with malformations that occur at different times during development, or that prevent the hatchling from emerging from the nest. In sea turtles, the presence of congenital malformations frequently leads to mortality. A few years ago, a detailed study was performed on external congenital malformations in three species of sea turtles from the Mexican Pacific and Caribbean coasts, the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata (n = 23,559 eggs), the green turtle, Chelonia mydas (n = 17,690 eggs), and the olive ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea (n = 20,257 eggs), finding 63 types of congenital malformations, of which 38 were new reports. Of the three species, the olive ridley showed a higher incidence of severe anomalies in the craniofacial region (49%), indicating alterations of early developmental pathways; however, several malformations were also observed in the body, including defects in the carapace (45%) and limbs (33%), as well as pigmentation disorders (20%), indicating that deviations occurred during the middle and later stages of development. Although intrinsic factors (i.e., genetic mutations or epigenetic modifications) are difficult to monitor in the field, some environmental factors (such as the incubation temperature, humidity, and probably the status of feeding areas) are, to some extent, less difficult to monitor and/or control. In this review, we describe the aetiology of different malformations observed in sea turtle embryos, and provide some actions that can reduce embryonic mortality.
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Enhanced integrin affinity and neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells using Ln5-P4-grafted amphiphilic solid lipid nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111339. [PMID: 33254967 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic solid lipid nanoparticles (ASLNs) with surface PPFLMLLKGSTR peptide (Ln5-P4) (Ln5-P4/ASLNs) were prepared to load nerve growth factor (NGF) and retinoic acid (RA) and to guide the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) toward neurons. Beeswax (BW) and lecithin played predominant roles in microemulsion and in the average diameter, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency of NGF and RA and release kinetics of NGF- and RA-loaded Ln5-P4/ASLNs (Ln5-P4/NGF-RA-ASLNs). An increasing BW weight percentage from 0% to 75% decreased the particle size and zeta potential along with improved encapsulation efficiency of RA and NGF with enhanced positive expression of β-tubulin III to 93.72% in cultured cells. Strong affinity of Ln5-P4/NGF-RA-ASLNs to α3β1 integrin expressed on iPSCs facilitated internalization of Ln5-P4/NGF-RA-ASLNs. The capability of Ln5-P4/NGF-RA-ASLNs to induce neuronal differentiation was much higher than that of free NGF-ASLNs and RA-ASLNs, as visualized using immunochemical staining. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that Ln5-P4 on NGF-RA-ASLNs promoted the uptake of NGF and RA by iPSCs and accelerated neuronal production. Ln5-P4/NGF-RA-ASLNs are a promising colloidal delivery system to generate mature neurons from iPSCs and can be potential for treating neurodegenerative disease and nerve injury in regeneration medicine.
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Devoto C, Lai C, Qu BX, Guedes VA, Leete J, Wilde E, Walker WC, Diaz-Arrastia R, Kenney K, Gill J. Exosomal MicroRNAs in Military Personnel with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Preliminary Results from the Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Biomarker Discovery Project. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:2482-2492. [PMID: 32458732 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are common among veterans and service members, and represent a significant source of morbidity, with those who sustain multiple mTBIs at greatest risk. Exosomal micro-RNAs (miRNAs), mediators of intercellular communication, may be involved in chronic TBI symptom persistence. Exosomal miRNA (exomiR) was extracted from 153 participants enrolled in the Chronic Effect of Neurotrauma Consortium (CENC) longitudinal study (no TBI, n = 35; ≥ 3 mTBIs (rTBI), n = 45; 1-2 mTBIs, n = 73). Analyses were performed with nCounter® Human miRNA Expression Panels and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) for identification of gene networks associated with TBI. Generalized linear models were used to analyze the predictive value of exomiR dysregulation and remote neurobehavioral symptoms. Compared with controls, there were 17 dysregulated exomiRs in the entire mTBI group and 32 dysregulated exomiRs in the rTBI group. Two miRNAs, hsa-miR-139-5p and hsa-miR-18a-5p, were significantly differentially expressed in the rTBI and 1-2 mTBI groups. IPA analyses showed that these dysregulated exomiRs correlated with pathways of inflammatory regulation, neurological disease, and cell development. Within the rTBI group, exomiRs correlated with gene activity for hub-genes of tumor protein TP53, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, and transforming growth factor beta. TBI history and neurobehavioral symptom survey scores negatively and significantly correlated with hsa-miR-103a-3p expression. Participants with remote mTBI have distinct exomiR profiles, which are significantly linked to inflammatory and neuronal repair pathways. These profiles suggest that analysis of exosomal miRNA expression may provide novel insights into the underlying pathobiology of chronic TBI symptom persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Devoto
- Tissue Injury Branch, National Institutes of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chen Lai
- Tissue Injury Branch, National Institutes of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bao-Xi Qu
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,CENC Biorepository, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Twinbrook, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivian A Guedes
- Tissue Injury Branch, National Institutes of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacqueline Leete
- Tissue Injury Branch, National Institutes of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisabeth Wilde
- CENC Imaging Core, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William C Walker
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimbra Kenney
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,CENC Biorepository, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Twinbrook, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Gill
- Tissue Injury Branch, National Institutes of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Retinoids and developmental neurotoxicity: Utilizing toxicogenomics to enhance adverse outcome pathways and testing strategies. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 96:102-113. [PMID: 32544423 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of genomic approaches in toxicological studies has greatly increased our ability to define the molecular profiles of environmental chemicals associated with developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). Integration of these approaches with adverse outcome pathways (AOPs), a framework that translates environmental exposures to adverse developmental phenotypes, can potentially inform DNT testing strategies. Here, using retinoic acid (RA) as a case example, we demonstrate that the integration of toxicogenomic profiles into the AOP framework can be used to establish a paradigm for chemical testing. RA is a critical regulatory signaling molecule involved in multiple aspects of mammalian central nervous system (CNS) development, including hindbrain formation/patterning and neuronal differentiation, and imbalances in RA signaling pathways are linked with DNT. While the mechanisms remain unresolved, environmental chemicals can cause DNT by disrupting the RA signaling pathway. First, we reviewed literature evidence of RA and other retinoid exposures and DNT to define a provisional AOP related to imbalances in RA embryonic bioavailability and hindbrain development. Next, by integrating toxicogenomic datasets, we defined a relevant transcriptomic signature associated with RA-induced developmental neurotoxicity (RA-DNT) in human and rodent models that was tested against zebrafish model data, demonstrating potential for integration into an AOP framework. Finally, we demonstrated how these approaches may be systematically utilized to identify chemical hazards by testing the RA-DNT signature against azoles, a proposed class of compounds that alters RA-signaling. The provisional AOP from this study can be expanded in the future to better define DNT biomarkers relevant to RA signaling and toxicity.
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16
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Retinoic acid and depressive disorders: Evidence and possible neurobiological mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 112:376-391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Su X, Gu X, Zhang Z, Li W, Wang X. Retinoic acid receptor gamma is targeted by microRNA-124 and inhibits neurite outgrowth. Neuropharmacology 2020; 163:107657. [PMID: 31170403 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During brain development, neurite outgrowth is required for brain development and is regulated by many factors. All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is an important regulator of cell growth and differentiation. MicroRNA-124 (miR-124), a brain-specific microRNA, has been implicated in stimulating neurite growth. In this study, we found that retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARG) expression was decreased, whereas miR-124 expression was increased during neural differentiation in mouse Neuroblastoma (N2a) Cells, P19 embryonal carcinoma (P19) cells, and mouse brain, as detected by immunoblotting or RT-qPCR. And we proved that miR-124 inhibited RARG expression by binding to the 3' UTR of RARG with a luciferase reporter assay. Upregulation of miR-124 (using miR-124 overexpressing plasmid and miR-124 mimic) led to a significant decrease in RARG protein in N2a cells and primary neurons. Therefore, we asked whether and how the miR-124/RARG axis regulates neuronal outgrowth, which is poorly understood. Strikingly, RARG knockdown by shRNA stimulated neurite growth in N2a cells and primary neurons, whereas RARG overexpression (without 3' UTR) inhibited neurite growth in N2a cells, P19 cells, and primary neurons. Furthermore, RARG knockdown could partially eliminate neurite outgrowth defects caused by the inhibitor of miR-124, while RARG overexpression could reverse the neurite outgrowth enhancing effect of the upregulation of miR-124. Collectively, the data reveal that miR-124/RARG axis is critical for neurite outgrowth. RARG emerges as a new target regulated by miR-124 that modulates neurite outgrowth, providing a novel context in which these two molecules function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Su
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiduo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Isoherranen N, Zhong G. Biochemical and physiological importance of the CYP26 retinoic acid hydroxylases. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 204:107400. [PMID: 31419517 PMCID: PMC6881548 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Cytochrome P450 (CYP) family 26 enzymes contribute to retinoic acid (RA) metabolism and homeostasis in humans, mammals and other chordates. The three CYP26 family enzymes, CYP26A1, CYP26B1 and CYP26C1 have all been shown to metabolize all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) it's 9-cisRA and 13-cisRA isomers and primary metabolites 4-OH-RA and 4-oxo-RA with high efficiency. While no crystal structures of CYP26 enzymes are available, the binding of various ligands has been extensively explored via homology modeling. All three CYP26 enzymes are inducible by treatment with atRA in various prenatal and postnatal tissues and cell types. However, current literature shows that in addition to regulation by atRA, CYP26 enzyme expression is also regulated by other endogenous processes and inflammatory cytokines. In humans and in animal models the expression patterns of CYP26 enzymes have been shown to be tissue and cell type specific, and the expression of the CYP26 enzymes is believed to regulate the formation of critical atRA concentration gradients in various tissue types. Yet, very little data exists on direct disease associations of altered CYP26 expression or activity. Nevertheless, data is emerging describing a variety of human genetic variations in the CYP26 enzymes that are associated with different pathologies. Interestingly, some of these genetic variants result in increased activity of the CYP26 enzymes potentially leading to complex gene-environment interactions due to variability in dietary intake of retinoids. This review highlights the current knowledge of structure-function of CYP26 enzymes and focuses on their role in human retinoid metabolism in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Isoherranen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Guo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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19
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Tamibarotene Improves Hippocampus Injury Induced by Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion via Modulating PI3K/Akt Pathway in Rats. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:1832-1840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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20
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Zhong G, Hogarth C, Snyder JM, Palau L, Topping T, Huang W, Czuba LC, LaFrance J, Ghiaur G, Isoherranen N. The retinoic acid hydroxylase Cyp26a1 has minor effects on postnatal vitamin A homeostasis, but is required for exogenous atRA clearance. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11166-11179. [PMID: 31167781 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) hydroxylase Cyp26a1 is essential for embryonic development and may play a key role in regulating atRA clearance also in adults. We hypothesized that loss of Cyp26a1 activity via inducible knockout in juvenile or adult mice would result in decreased atRA clearance and increased tissue atRA concentrations and atRA-related adverse effects. To test these hypotheses, Cyp26a1 was knocked out in juvenile and adult male and female Cyp26a1 floxed mice using standard Cre-Lox technology and tamoxifen injections. Biochemical and histological methods were used to study the effects of global Cyp26a1 knockout. The Cyp26a1 knockout did not result in consistent histopathological changes in any major organs. Cyp26a1 -/- mice gained weight normally and exhibited no adverse phenotypes for up to 1 year after loss of Cyp26a1 expression. Similarly, atRA concentrations were not increased in the liver, testes, spleen, or serum of these mice, and the Cyp26a1 knockout did not cause compensatory induction of lecithin:retinol acetyltransferase (Lrat) or retinol dehydrogenase 11 (Rdh11) mRNA or a decrease in aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (Aldh1a1) mRNA in the liver compared with tamoxifen-treated controls. However, the Cyp26a1 -/- mice showed increased bone marrow cellularity and decreased frequency of erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow consistent with a retinoid-induced myeloid skewing of hematopoiesis. In addition, the Cyp26a1 knockout decreased clearance of exogenous atRA by 70% and increased atRA half-life 6-fold. These findings demonstrate that despite lacking a major impact on endogenous atRA signaling, Cyp26a1 critically contributes as a barrier for exogenous atRA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Cathryn Hogarth
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Jessica M Snyder
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Laura Palau
- School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Traci Topping
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Weize Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Lindsay C Czuba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Jeffrey LaFrance
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Gabriel Ghiaur
- School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Nina Isoherranen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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21
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Scaling in vitro activity of CYP3A7 suggests human fetal livers do not clear retinoic acid entering from maternal circulation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4620. [PMID: 30874620 PMCID: PMC6420499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, is a critical signaling molecule during embryonic and fetal development and is necessary for maternal health. Fetal exposure to endogenous atRA is tightly regulated during gestation in a tissue specific manner and maternal exposure to exogenous retinoids during pregnancy is teratogenic. The clearance of atRA is primarily mediated by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 26 enzymes, which play an essential role in controlling retinoid gradients during organogenesis. We hypothesized that CYP26 enzymes in the human fetal liver also function as a protective barrier to prevent maternal atRA reaching fetal circulation. Using human fetal liver tissue, we found that the mRNA of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 enzymes is expressed in the human fetal liver. However, based on inhibition studies, metabolite profiles and correlation of atRA metabolism with testosterone hydroxylation, clearance of atRA in the fetal livers was mediated by CYP3A7. Based on in vitro-to-in vivo scaling, atRA clearance in the fetal liver was quantitatively minimal, thus providing an insufficient maternal-fetal barrier for atRA exposure.
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Involvement of the retinoic acid signaling pathway in sex differentiation and pubertal development in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01201. [PMID: 30839897 PMCID: PMC6365411 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic Acid (RA) is a vitamin A derivative present in many biological processes including embryogenesis, organ development and cell differentiation. The RA signaling pathway is essential for the onset of meiosis in tetrapods, although its role in fish reproduction needs further evidence. This study reports the expression profiles of several genes involved in this pathway during sex differentiation and the first reproductive season in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) gonads. The assessed genes are representative of several steps of the pathway including retinol transport, RA synthesis, nuclear receptors, RA transport and degradation. The study includes a synteny analysis of stra8, a tetrapod meiosis gatekeeper, in several taxa. The results show that, these genes were overexpressed during early gonad development and their expression decreased during meiosis progression in males and during vitellogenesis in females. Specifically, a decrease of cyp26a1, involved in RA degradation, together with an increase of aldh1a2 and aldh1a3, in charge of RA-synthesis, might ensure the availability of high RA levels at the time of meiosis in males and females. Moreover, the absence of stra8 in the European sea bass genome, as well as the conserved genomic neighbourhood found in other taxa, suggest a stra8 independent signaling for RA during meiosis. Taken together, our results might help to better understand the role of RA signaling in teleost gonad development.
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Frank D, Sela-Donenfeld D. Hindbrain induction and patterning during early vertebrate development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:941-960. [PMID: 30519881 PMCID: PMC11105337 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The hindbrain is a key relay hub of the central nervous system (CNS), linking the bilaterally symmetric half-sides of lower and upper CNS centers via an extensive network of neural pathways. Dedicated neural assemblies within the hindbrain control many physiological processes, including respiration, blood pressure, motor coordination and different sensations. During early development, the hindbrain forms metameric segmented units known as rhombomeres along the antero-posterior (AP) axis of the nervous system. These compartmentalized units are highly conserved during vertebrate evolution and act as the template for adult brainstem structure and function. TALE and HOX homeodomain family transcription factors play a key role in the initial induction of the hindbrain and its specification into rhombomeric cell fate identities along the AP axis. Signaling pathways, such as canonical-Wnt, FGF and retinoic acid, play multiple roles to initially induce the hindbrain and regulate Hox gene-family expression to control rhombomeric identity. Additional transcription factors including Krox20, Kreisler and others act both upstream and downstream to Hox genes, modulating their expression and protein activity. In this review, we will examine the earliest embryonic signaling pathways that induce the hindbrain and subsequent rhombomeric segmentation via Hox and other gene expression. We will examine how these signaling pathways and transcription factors interact to activate downstream targets that organize the segmented AP pattern of the embryonic vertebrate hindbrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Frank
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 31096, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Dalit Sela-Donenfeld
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
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Neurobehavioral and oxidative stress alterations following methylmercury and retinyl palmitate co-administration in pregnant and lactating rats and their offspring. Neurotoxicology 2018; 69:164-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Espitia-Pérez P, Albino SM, da Rosa HT, Silveira AK, Espitia-Pérez L, Brango H, Moraes DP, Hermann PRS, Mingori M, Barreto F, Kunzler A, Gelain DP, Schnorr CE, Moreira JCF. Effects of methylmercury and retinol palmitate co-administration in rats during pregnancy and breastfeeding: Metabolic and redox parameters in dams and their offspring. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:603-615. [PMID: 30031321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitous low-dose methylmercury (MeHg) exposure through an increased fish consumption represents a global public health problem, especially among pregnant women. A plethora of micronutrients presented in fish affects MeHg uptake/distribution, but limited data is available. Vitamin A (VitA), another fish micronutrient is used in nutritional supplementation, especially during pregnancy. However, there is no information about the health effects arising from their combined exposure. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effects of both MeHg and retinyl palmitate administered on pregnant and lactating rats in metabolic and redox parameters from dams and their offspring. Thirty Wistar female rats were orally supplemented with MeHg (0,5 mg/kg/day) and retinyl palmitate (7500 µg RAE/kg/day) via gavage, either individually or in combination from the gestational day 0 to weaning. For dams (150 days old) and their offspring (31 days old), glycogen accumulation (hepatic and cardiac) and retinoid contents (plasma and liver) were analyzed. Hg deposition in liver tissue was quantified. Redox parameters (liver, kidney, and heart) were evaluated for both animals. Cytogenetic damage was analyzed with micronucleus test. Our results showed no general toxic or metabolic alterations in dams and their offspring by MeHg-VitA co-administration during pregnancy and lactation. However, increased lipoperoxidation in maternal liver and a disrupted pro-oxidant response in the heart of male pups was encountered, with apparently no particular effects in the antioxidant response in female offspring. GST activity in dam kidney was altered leading to possible redox disruption of this tissue with no alterations in offspring. Finally, the genomic damage was exacerbated in both male and female pups. In conclusion, low-dose MeHg exposure and retinyl palmitate supplementation during gestation and lactation produced a potentiated pro-oxidant effect, which was tissue-specific. Although this is a pre-clinical approach, we recommend precaution for pregnant women regarding food consumption, and we encourage more epidemiological studies to assess possible modulations effects of MeHg-VitA co-administration at safe or inadvertently used doses in humans, which may be related to specific pathologies in mothers and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Espitia-Pérez
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Suelen Marin Albino
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Helen Tais da Rosa
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Kleber Silveira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lyda Espitia-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Carrera 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Hugo Brango
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diogo Pompéu Moraes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paolla Rissi Silva Hermann
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Moara Mingori
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Barreto
- Laboratório de Análise de Resíduos de Pesticidas e Medicamentos Veterinários (RPM), Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário RS, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, CEP: 91780-580 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alice Kunzler
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Schnorr
- Departamento de Civil y Ambiental, Programa de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55- 66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo Depto. Bioquímica, Lab 32, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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26
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Chen H, Cade BE, Gleason KJ, Bjonnes AC, Stilp AM, Sofer T, Conomos MP, Ancoli-Israel S, Arens R, Azarbarzin A, Bell GI, Below JE, Chun S, Evans DS, Ewert R, Frazier-Wood AC, Gharib SA, Haba-Rubio J, Hagen EW, Heinzer R, Hillman DR, Johnson WC, Kutalik Z, Lane JM, Larkin EK, Lee SK, Liang J, Loredo JS, Mukherjee S, Palmer LJ, Papanicolaou GJ, Penzel T, Peppard PE, Post WS, Ramos AR, Rice K, Rotter JI, Sands SA, Shah NA, Shin C, Stone KL, Stubbe B, Sul JH, Tafti M, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Thornton TA, Tranah GJ, Wang C, Wang H, Warby SC, Wellman DA, Zee PC, Hanis CL, Laurie CC, Gottlieb DJ, Patel SR, Zhu X, Sunyaev SR, Saxena R, Lin X, Redline S. Multiethnic Meta-Analysis Identifies RAI1 as a Possible Obstructive Sleep Apnea-related Quantitative Trait Locus in Men. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:391-401. [PMID: 29077507 PMCID: PMC5854957 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0237oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common heritable disorder displaying marked sexual dimorphism in disease prevalence and progression. Previous genetic association studies have identified a few genetic loci associated with OSA and related quantitative traits, but they have only focused on single ethnic groups, and a large proportion of the heritability remains unexplained. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is a commonly used quantitative measure characterizing OSA severity. Because OSA differs by sex, and the pathophysiology of obstructive events differ in rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep, we hypothesized that additional genetic association signals would be identified by analyzing the NREM/REM-specific AHI and by conducting sex-specific analyses in multiethnic samples. We performed genome-wide association tests for up to 19,733 participants of African, Asian, European, and Hispanic/Latino American ancestry in 7 studies. We identified rs12936587 on chromosome 17 as a possible quantitative trait locus for NREM AHI in men (N = 6,737; P = 1.7 × 10-8) but not in women (P = 0.77). The association with NREM AHI was replicated in a physiological research study (N = 67; P = 0.047). This locus overlapping the RAI1 gene and encompassing genes PEMT1, SREBF1, and RASD1 was previously reported to be associated with coronary artery disease, lipid metabolism, and implicated in Potocki-Lupski syndrome and Smith-Magenis syndrome, which are characterized by abnormal sleep phenotypes. We also identified gene-by-sex interactions in suggestive association regions, suggesting that genetic variants for AHI appear to vary by sex, consistent with the clinical observations of strong sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health and
- Center for Precision Health, School of Public Health & School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Brian E. Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin J. Gleason
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew C. Bjonnes
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Pain, and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adrienne M. Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew P. Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sonia Ancoli-Israel
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Raanan Arens
- the Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Ali Azarbarzin
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Graeme I. Bell
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jennifer E. Below
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health and
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sung Chun
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel S. Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Ralf Ewert
- Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Sina A. Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington Medicine Sleep Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - José Haba-Rubio
- Center of Investigation and Research on Sleep, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Erika W. Hagen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Raphael Heinzer
- Center of Investigation and Research on Sleep, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David R. Hillman
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - W. Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline M. Lane
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Pain, and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emma K. Larkin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Seung Ku Lee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Jeokgum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jose S. Loredo
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Sutapa Mukherjee
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Flinders Centre of Research Excellence, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lyle J. Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - George J. Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thomas Penzel
- University Hospital Charité Berlin, Sleep Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul E. Peppard
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Wendy S. Post
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alberto R. Ramos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ken Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor–University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Scott A. Sands
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neomi A. Shah
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chol Shin
- Department of Pulmonary, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Jeokgum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Katie L. Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Beate Stubbe
- Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jae Hoon Sul
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mehdi Tafti
- Center of Investigation and Research on Sleep, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor–University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Gregory J. Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Simon C. Warby
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D. Andrew Wellman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Phyllis C. Zee
- Department of Neurology and Sleep Medicine Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig L. Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health and
| | - Cathy C. Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel J. Gottlieb
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sanjay R. Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shamil R. Sunyaev
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Richa Saxena
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Pain, and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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27
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Baker N, Boobis A, Burgoon L, Carney E, Currie R, Fritsche E, Knudsen T, Laffont M, Piersma AH, Poole A, Schneider S, Daston G. Building a developmental toxicity ontology. Birth Defects Res 2018; 110:502-518. [DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Baker
- Lockheed Martin, Research Triangle Park; Piedmont North Carolina
| | - Alan Boobis
- Department of Medicine; Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Lyle Burgoon
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center; Raleigh-Durham North Carolina
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Knudsen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Research Triangle Park; Piedmont North Carolina
| | - Madeleine Laffont
- European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC); Brussels Belgium
| | - Aldert H. Piersma
- Center for Health Protection; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, and Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Alan Poole
- European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC); Brussels Belgium
| | | | - George Daston
- Central Product Safety Department; The Procter & Gamble Company; Mason Ohio
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28
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El Hokayem J, Weeber E, Nawaz Z. Loss of Angelman Syndrome Protein E6AP Disrupts a Novel Antagonistic Estrogen-Retinoic Acid Transcriptional Crosstalk in Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7187-7200. [PMID: 29388081 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a complex genetic disorder that affects the nervous system. AS affects an estimated 1 in 12,000 to 20,000 individuals. Characteristic features of AS includes developmental delay or intellectual disability, severe speech impairment, seizures, small head size (microcephaly), and problems with movement and balance (ataxia). AS individuals usually have microdeletion of the maternal copy of 15q11.2-15q13 region of chromosome 15. The E6-associated protein (E6AP, an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme) is encoded by the gene UBE3A, which is located in this region, and it has been shown that deregulation of E6AP gives rise to AS and neuropathology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) (e.g., autism and Rett syndromes). We have shown that E6AP also acts as a coactivator of the estrogen receptor (ER). ER is a ligand-induced transcription factor that exerts potent and wide-ranging effects on the developing brain. Furthermore, the expression pattern of ER in the brain overlaps with that of E6AP. Up till now, all the published studies have examined the role of the ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of E6AP in the development of AS, and it is not known what role the newly discovered coactivation functions of E6AP and ER plays in the pathology of AS. Here, we demonstrate that E6AP and ER co-immunoprecipitate and are in the same protein complex in neuronal cells (Neuro2a). In addition, both colocalize in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments of the mouse hippocampal neurons and Neuro2a cells. Moreover, we identified a novel E6AP and ER direct transcriptional regulation of a gene Cyp26b1 known to be involved in learning and memory processes. This transcriptional regulation involves recruitment of E6AP and ER to a newly discovered functional estrogen response element (ERE) located at the Cyp26b1 gene promoter and is associated with transcription permissive epigenetic events leading to increase of active transcription of the gene in neurons upon estrogen treatment. This novel transcriptional regulation was also validated in the AS mouse model where E6AP expression is abrogated in the mouse brain. In fact, Cyp26b1 expression is decreased by 31% in AS mice versus age-matched control (Ctrl) mice hippocampi. Also, retinoic acid transcriptional signaling was shown to be amplified as evidenced by specific increased Rarβ and decreased Erbb4 mRNA expression in AS mice versus Ctrl mice hippocampi. These transcript level changes were also supported by the same trend of changes at the protein level. Collectively, our data present a proof of principle that the transcriptional coactivation function of E6AP may have a crucial role in the pathobiology of AS. This function, yet to be thoroughly investigated, reveals the possibility of harnessing the antagonistic estrogen-retinoic acid transcriptional signaling crosstalk and potentially other unknown effectors for the investigation of important possible targets as putative novel treatment modalities and venues for reversing neurological manifestations in AS and related syndromes like ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy El Hokayem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Gautier Building, Room 314 (R629), 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Sylvester Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Edwin Weeber
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA.,Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA
| | - Zafar Nawaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Gautier Building, Room 314 (R629), 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Sylvester Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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29
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Chelstowska S, Widjaja-Adhi MAK, Silvaroli JA, Golczak M. Impact of LCA-Associated E14L LRAT Mutation on Protein Stability and Retinoid Homeostasis. Biochemistry 2017; 56:4489-4499. [PMID: 28758396 PMCID: PMC5682948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) is metabolized to the visual chromophore (11-cis-retinal) in the eyes and to all-trans-retinoic acid, a hormone like compound, in most tissues. A key enzyme in retinoid metabolism is lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), which catalyzes the esterification of vitamin A. The importance of LRAT is indicated by pathogenic missense and nonsense mutations, which cause devastating blinding diseases. Retinoid-based chromophore replacement therapy has been proposed as treatment for these types of blindness based on studies in LRAT null mice. Here, we analyzed the structural and biochemical basis for retinal pathology caused by mutations in the human LRAT gene. Most LRAT missense mutations associated with retinal degeneration are localized within the catalytic domain, whereas E14L substitution is localized in an N-terminal α-helix, which has been implicated in interaction with the phospholipid bilayer. To elucidate the biochemical consequences of this mutation, we determined LRAT(E14L)'s enzymatic properties, protein stability, and impact on ocular retinoid metabolism. Bicistronic expression of LRAT(E14L) and enhanced green fluorescence protein revealed instability and accelerated proteosomal degradation of this mutant isoform. Surprisingly, instability of LRAT(E14L) did not abrogate the production of the visual chromophore in a cell-based assay. Instead, expression of LRAT(E14L) led to a rapid increase in cellular levels of retinoic acid upon retinoid supplementation. Thus, our study unveils the potential role of retinoic acid in the pathology of a degenerative retinal disease with important implications for the use of retinoid-based therapeutics in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Chelstowska
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Department of Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04141, Poland
| | | | - Josie A. Silvaroli
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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30
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Dimopoulou M, Verhoef A, Pennings JL, van Ravenzwaay B, Rietjens IM, Piersma AH. Embryotoxic and pharmacologic potency ranking of six azoles in the rat whole embryo culture by morphological and transcriptomic analysis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 322:15-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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31
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Haushalter C, Schuhbaur B, Dollé P, Rhinn M. Meningeal retinoic acid contributes to neocortical lamination and radial migration during mouse brain development. Biol Open 2017; 6:148-160. [PMID: 28011626 PMCID: PMC5312094 DOI: 10.1242/bio.021063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a diffusible molecule involved in early forebrain patterning. Its later production in the meninges by the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase RALDH2 coincides with the time of cortical neuron generation. A function of RA in this process has not been adressed directly as Raldh2−/− mouse mutants are embryonic lethal. Here, we used a conditional genetic strategy to inactivate Raldh2 just prior to onset of its expression in the developing meninges. This inactivation does not affect the formation of the cortical progenitor populations, their rate of division, or timing of differentiation. However, migration of late-born cortical neurons is delayed, with neurons stalling in the intermediate zone and exhibiting an abnormal multipolar morphology. This suggests that RA controls the multipolar-to-bipolar transition that occurs in the intermediate zone and allows neurons to start locomotion in the cortical plate. Our work also shows a role for RA in cortical lamination, as deep layers are expanded and a subset of layer IV neurons are not formed in the Raldh2-ablated mutants. These data demonstrate that meninges are a source of extrinsic signals important for cortical development. Summary: Involvement of the signalling molecule retinoic acid in neurogenesis of the developing cerebral cortex is shown through targeted deletion of its synthesizing enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Haushalter
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Brigitte Schuhbaur
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
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32
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Mohanty R, Das SK, Patri M. Modulation of Benzo[a]Pyrene Induced Anxiolytic-Like Behavior by Retinoic Acid in Zebrafish: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense System. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:493-504. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Regen F, Le Bret N, Hildebrand M, Herzog I, Heuser I, Hellmann-Regen J. Inhibition of brain retinoic acid catabolism: a mechanism for minocycline's pleiotropic actions? World J Biol Psychiatry 2016; 17:634-640. [PMID: 26047390 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1036116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic increasingly recognized in psychiatry for its pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective potential. While underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood, several lines of evidence suggest a relevant functional overlap with retinoic acid (RA), a highly potent small molecule exhibiting a great variety of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in the adult central nervous system (CNS). RA homeostasis in the adult CNS is tightly controlled through local RA synthesis and cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-mediated inactivation of RA. Here, we hypothesized that minocycline may directly affect RA homeostasis in the CNS via altering local RA degradation. METHODS We used in vitro RA metabolism assays with metabolically competent synaptosomal preparations from murine brain and human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells as well as viable human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell cultures. RESULTS We revealed that minocycline potently blocks RA degradation as measured by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and in a viable RA reporter cell line, even at low micromolar levels of minocycline. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence for enhanced RA signalling to be involved in minocycline's pleiotropic mode of action in the CNS. This novel mode of action of minocycline may help in developing more specific and effective strategies in the treatment of neuroinflammatory or neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Regen
- a Department of Psychiatry , Section Clinical Neurobiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité,University Medicine Berlin , Germany
| | - N Le Bret
- a Department of Psychiatry , Section Clinical Neurobiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité,University Medicine Berlin , Germany
| | - M Hildebrand
- a Department of Psychiatry , Section Clinical Neurobiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité,University Medicine Berlin , Germany
| | - I Herzog
- a Department of Psychiatry , Section Clinical Neurobiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité,University Medicine Berlin , Germany
| | - I Heuser
- a Department of Psychiatry , Section Clinical Neurobiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité,University Medicine Berlin , Germany
| | - J Hellmann-Regen
- a Department of Psychiatry , Section Clinical Neurobiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité,University Medicine Berlin , Germany
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34
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Nierode GJ, Perea BC, McFarland SK, Pascoal JF, Clark DS, Schaffer DV, Dordick JS. High-Throughput Toxicity and Phenotypic Screening of 3D Human Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures on a Microarray Chip Platform. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:970-982. [PMID: 28157485 PMCID: PMC5106528 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A 3D cell culture chip was used for high-throughput screening of a human neural progenitor cell line. The differential toxicity of 24 compounds was determined on undifferentiated and differentiating NPCs. Five compounds led to significant differences in IC50 values between undifferentiated and differentiating cultures. This platform has potential use in phenotypic screening to elucidate molecular toxicology on human stem cells. Demonstrated chip platform for HTS of protein expression and toxicity of 3D cultures Dose-response viability and proliferation of a 24-compound library on human NPC lines Assessed differential toxicity between progenitors and differentiating progeny Identified five compounds more toxic to undifferentiated progenitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Nierode
- Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Brian C Perea
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sean K McFarland
- Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jorge F Pascoal
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Douglas S Clark
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David V Schaffer
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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35
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Sánchez-Hernández D, Anderson GH, Poon AN, Pannia E, Cho CE, Huot PS, Kubant R. Maternal fat-soluble vitamins, brain development, and regulation of feeding behavior: an overview of research. Nutr Res 2016; 36:1045-1054. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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36
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Hu P, Wang Y, Liu J, Meng FT, Qi XR, Chen L, van Dam AM, Joëls M, Lucassen PJ, Zhou JN. Chronic retinoic acid treatment suppresses adult hippocampal neurogenesis, in close correlation with depressive-like behavior. Hippocampus 2016; 26:911-23. [PMID: 26860546 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have highlighted an association between retinoid treatment and depressive symptoms. As we had shown before that chronic application of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) potently activated the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis, we here questioned whether RA also induced changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, a form of structural plasticity sensitive to stress and implicated in aspects of depression and hippocampal function. RA was applied intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) to adult rats for 19 days after which animals were subjected to tests for depressive-like behavior (sucrose preference) and spatial learning and memory (water maze) performance. On day 27, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and astrogliosis was quantified using BrdU (newborn cell survival), PCNA (proliferation), doublecortin (DCX; neuronal differentiation), and GFAP (astrocytes) as markers. RA was found to increase retinoic acid receptor-α (RAR-α) protein expression in the hippocampus, suggesting an activation of RA-induced signaling mechanisms. RA further potently suppressed cell proliferation, newborn cell survival as well as neurogenesis, but not astrogliosis. These structural plasticity changes were significantly correlated with scores for anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, but not with water maze performance. Our results suggest that RA-induced impairments in hippocampal neurogenesis correlate with depression-like symptoms but not with spatial learning and memory in this design. Thus, manipulations aimed to enhance neurogenesis may help ameliorate emotional aspects of RA-associated mood disorders. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Hu
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan-Tao Meng
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xin-Rui Qi
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anne-Marie van Dam
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jiang-Ning Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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37
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Direct inhibition of retinoic acid catabolism by fluoxetine. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2015; 122:1329-38. [PMID: 25981674 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-015-1407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence from animal and human studies suggests neuroprotective effects of the SSRI fluoxetine, e.g., in the aftermath of stroke. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully defined. Because of its effects on the cytochrome P450 system (CYP450), we hypothesized that neuroprotection by fluoxetine is related to altered metabolism of retinoic acid (RA), whose CYP450-mediated degradation in brain tissue constitutes an important step in the regulation of its site-specific auto- and paracrine actions. Using traditional pharmacological in vitro assays, the effects of fluoxetine on RA degradation were probed in crude synaptosomes from rat brain and human-derived SH-SY5Y cells, and in cultures of neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, retinoid-dependent effects of fluoxetine on neuronal survival following glutamate exposure were investigated in rat primary neurons cells using specific retinoid receptor antagonists. Experiments revealed dose-dependent inhibition of synaptosomal RA degradation by fluoxetine along with dose-dependent increases in RA levels in cell cultures. Furthermore, fluoxetine's neuroprotective effects against glutamate excitotoxicity in rat primary neurons were demonstrated to partially depend on RA signaling. Taken together, these findings demonstrate for the first time that the potent, pleiotropic antidepressant fluoxetine directly interacts with RA homeostasis in brain tissue, thereby exerting its neuroprotective effects.
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Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a treatment success story. From a highly deadly disease it was turned into a highly curable disease by the introduction of differentiation-induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in the 1990's. During the last quarter of century, ATRA and other retinoids were used for the treatment and prevention of other cancers and even other diseases. The results were less spectacular, but nevertheless important. Progress has been made toward understanding the mechanism of action of retinoids in different physiological and pathological contexts. For some diseases, specific genetic backgrounds were found to confer responsiveness to retinoid therapy. Therapies that include retinoids and other modalities are very diverse and used both for combined targeting of multiple pathways and for diminishing toxicity.
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Janesick A, Wu SC, Blumberg B. Retinoic acid signaling and neuronal differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1559-76. [PMID: 25558812 PMCID: PMC11113123 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The identification of neurological symptoms caused by vitamin A deficiency pointed to a critical, early developmental role of vitamin A and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA). The ability of RA to induce post-mitotic, neural phenotypes in various stem cells, in vitro, served as early evidence that RA is involved in the switch between proliferation and differentiation. In vivo studies have expanded this "opposing signal" model, and the number of primary neurons an embryo develops is now known to depend critically on the levels and spatial distribution of RA. The proneural and neurogenic transcription factors that control the exit of neural progenitors from the cell cycle and allow primary neurons to develop are partly elucidated, but the downstream effectors of RA receptor (RAR) signaling (many of which are putative cell cycle regulators) remain largely unidentified. The molecular mechanisms underlying RA-induced primary neurogenesis in anamniote embryos are starting to be revealed; however, these data have been not been extended to amniote embryos. There is growing evidence that bona fide RARs are found in some mollusks and other invertebrates, but little is known about their necessity or functions in neurogenesis. One normal function of RA is to regulate the cell cycle to halt proliferation, and loss of RA signaling is associated with dedifferentiation and the development of cancer. Identifying the genes and pathways that mediate cell cycle exit downstream of RA will be critical for our understanding of how to target tumor differentiation. Overall, elucidating the molecular details of RAR-regulated neurogenesis will be decisive for developing and understanding neural proliferation-differentiation switches throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Janesick
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2300 USA
| | - Stephanie Cherie Wu
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2300 USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2300 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA
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40
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Hellmann-Regen J, Herzog I, Fischer N, Heuser I, Regen F. Do tetracyclines and erythromycin exert anti-acne effects by inhibition of P450-mediated degradation of retinoic acid? Exp Dermatol 2015; 23:290-3. [PMID: 24690039 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
For decades, retinoic acid (RA) is known as the most potent therapeutic option in the therapy of acne and altered homeostasis of endogenous retinoids has been discussed in the context of acne pathogenesis. Besides retinoids, antibiotics such as tetracyclines or erythromycin are well established in acne pharmacotherapy. Accumulating evidence points towards common molecular pathways being targeted by both RA and anti-acne antibiotics; however, a precise 'common denominator' connecting these chemically diverse anti-acne agents has not yet been identified. Interestingly, tetracyclines are associated with the occurrence of pseudotumor cerebri, a rare neurological side effect otherwise associated with retinoid intoxication or RA exposure. This association at the clinical level suggests an interaction between tetracyclines and endogenous RA signalling. As erythromycin does not cross the blood brain barrier, CNS side effects are not to be expected, yet not precluding a possible local interaction of erythromycin with endogenous RA metabolism in the skin. We hypothesize tetracyclines and erythromycin to locally inhibit endogenous RA metabolism in the skin and thus mimic therapeutic action of RA. This readily testable hypothesis suggests inhibition of endogenous RA metabolism and amplification of endogenous RA signalling as a mechanism underlying the biochemical actions of antibiotics in acne therapy. Elucidation of such interactions may ultimately enhance our understanding of acne therapy and pathogenesis and may yield a sound, scientific basis for hypothesis-driven development of novel therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hellmann-Regen
- Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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41
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Lima D, Castro LFC, Coelho I, Lacerda R, Gesto M, Soares J, André A, Capela R, Torres T, Carvalho AP, Santos MM. Effects of Tributyltin and Other Retinoid Receptor Agonists in Reproductive-Related Endpoints in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 78:747-60. [PMID: 26090559 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1028301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Both field and experimental data examined the influence of exposure to environmental contaminant tributyltin (TBT) on marine organisms. Although most attention focused on the imposex phenomenon in gastropods, adverse effects were also observed in other taxonomic groups. It has been shown that imposex induction involves modulation of retinoid signaling in gastropods. Whether TBT influences similar pathways in fish is yet to be addressed. In this study, larvae of the model teleost Danio rerio were exposed to natural retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid, and all-trans-retinol, as well as to the RXR synthetic pan-agonist methoprene acid (MA) and to TBT. Larvae were exposed to TBT from 5 days post fertilization (dpf) to adulthood, and reproductive capacity was assessed and correlated with mode of action. TBT significantly decreased fecundity at environmentally relevant levels at 1 μg TBT Sn/g in diet. Interestingly, in contrast to previous reports, TBT altered zebrafish sex ratio toward females, whereas MA exposure biased sex toward males. Since fecundity was significantly altered in the TBT-exposed group with up to 62% decrease, the potentially affected pathways were investigated. Significant downregulation was observed in brain mRNA levels of aromatase b (CYP19a1b) in females and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARg) in both males and females, suggesting an involvement of these pathways in reproductive impairment associated with TBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lima
- a Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), CIMAR Associate Laboratory , University of Porto Porto , Portugal
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Carter CJ, Rand C, Mohammad I, Lepp A, Vesprini N, Wiebe O, Carlone R, Spencer GE. Expression of a retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-like protein in the embryonic and adult nervous system of a protostome species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2014; 324:51-67. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Rand
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; Ontario Canada
| | - Imtiaz Mohammad
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; Ontario Canada
| | - Amanda Lepp
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; Ontario Canada
| | | | - Olivia Wiebe
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; Ontario Canada
| | - Robert Carlone
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; Ontario Canada
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43
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Vitamin A deficiency induces structural and functional alterations in the molecular constituents of the rat hippocampus. Br J Nutr 2014; 113:45-55. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514003432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To date, no structural study has been carried out on the effects of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) on hippocampal macromolecules. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of dietary VAD on the structure, content and function of rat hippocampal molecules was investigated using Fourier transform IF spectroscopy. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: an experimental group maintained on a vitamin A-deficient liquid diet (VAD,n7); a control group maintained on a vitamin A-supplemented liquid diet (CON,n9); a pure control group maintained on standard solid laboratory chow (PC,n7). The PC group was included in the study to ensure that the usage of liquid diet did not influence the outcomes of VAD. Both the CON and PC groups were successfully discriminated from the VAD group by principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. The spectral analysis indicated a significant decrease in the contents of saturated and unsaturated lipids, cholesteryl esters, TAG and nucleic acids in the VAD group when compared with the CON group (P≤ 0·05). In addition, a significant decrease in membrane fluidity and a significant increase in lipid order (e.g. acyl chain flexibility) were observed in the VAD group (P≤ 0·001). The results of the artificial neural network analysis revealed a significant decrease in the α-helix structure content and a significant increase in the turn and random coil structure contents, indicating protein denaturation, in the VAD group when compared with the CON and PC groups (P≤ 0·05). Dietary exclusion of vitamin A for 3 months apparently had an adverse impact on compositional, structural and dynamical parameters. These changes can be due to increased oxidative stress, confirming the antioxidant protection provided by vitamin A when used as a dietary supplement at low-to-moderate doses.
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Dossmann H, Schwarzenberg A, Lesage D, Pérot-Taillandier M, Afonso C, Cunha de Miranda B, Garcia GA. Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization Study of Gas Phase Vitamins A and B1 Using Aerosol Thermodesorption and Synchrotron Radiation. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:11185-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507050y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Dossmann
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IPCM/CSOB UMR 8232, 4, Place Jussieu BP 45, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Adrián Schwarzenberg
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IPCM/CSOB UMR 8232, 4, Place Jussieu BP 45, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IPCM/CSOB UMR 8232, 4, Place Jussieu BP 45, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Marie Pérot-Taillandier
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IPCM/CSOB UMR 8232, 4, Place Jussieu BP 45, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 and FR3038, Université de Rouen; INSA de Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan
Cedex, France
| | | | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Pradhan AK, Halder A, Chakraborty S. Physical and functional interaction of the proto-oncogene EVI1 and tumor suppressor gene HIC1 deregulates Bcl-xL mediated block in apoptosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 53:320-8. [PMID: 24907396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ecotropic viral integration site 1 was originally identified as a retroviral integration site in murine leukemias. Several studies have established ecotropic viral integration site 1 as both a transcription factor and an interacting partner that presumably regulates gene expression. Using coimmunoprecipitation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis, we found that the N-terminal domain of hypermethylated in cancer 1 interacts with the proximal set of zinc fingers of ecotropic viral integration site 1. This interaction not only abolishes the DNA binding activity of ecotropic viral integration site 1 but also disrupts the transcriptional activity of an anti-apoptotic gene promoter selectively targeted by ecotropic viral integration site 1. By using flow cytometry and western blotting, here we show that hypermethylated in cancer 1 can deregulate ecotropic viral integration site 1-mediated blockage of apoptosis. We hypothesize that therapeutic upregulation of hypermethylated in cancer 1 may provide an important means of targeting ecotropic viral integration site 1-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Kumar Pradhan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Department of Gene Function and Regulation, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751023, India
| | - Arundhati Halder
- Institute of Life Sciences, Department of Gene Function and Regulation, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751023, India
| | - Soumen Chakraborty
- Institute of Life Sciences, Department of Gene Function and Regulation, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751023, India.
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46
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Retinoic Acid, under Cerebrospinal Fluid Control, Induces Neurogenesis during Early Brain Development. J Dev Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/jdb2020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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47
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Merlini L, Fluss J, Dhouib A, Vargas MI, Becker M. Mid-hindbrain malformations due to drugs taken during pregnancy. J Child Neurol 2014; 29:538-44. [PMID: 23390117 DOI: 10.1177/0883073812474345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although genetic defects are the leading cause of central nervous system malformations including in the posterior fossa, specific malformative patterns should alert the clinician to consider rather a teratogenic etiology. We discuss the imaging features of 2 mid-hindbrain malformations consecutive to the intake of isotretinoin (Roaccuatane®; case 1) and misoprostol (Cytotec®; case 2) during pregnancy and review the pertinent literature. We correlate the morphological appearance of the mid-hindbrain malformation, as seen on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging to possible drug-induced pathogenetical mechanisms. The recognition of characteristic imaging patterns enables diagnosis of and/or confirmation of suspected drug-induced hindbrain malformations. This has important medicolegal implications and also clinical significance to avoid unsuccessful and misleading genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Merlini
- 1Department of Radiology, Unit of Pediatric Radiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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48
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A mid-life vitamin A supplementation prevents age-related spatial memory deficits and hippocampal neurogenesis alterations through CRABP-I. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72101. [PMID: 23977218 PMCID: PMC3747058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related memory decline including spatial reference memory is considered to begin at middle-age and coincides with reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Moreover, a dysfunction of vitamin A hippocampal signalling pathway has been involved in the appearance of age-related memory deficits but also in adult hippocampal neurogenesis alterations. The present study aims at testing the hypothesis that a mid-life vitamin A supplementation would be a successful strategy to prevent age-related memory deficits. Thus, middle-aged Wistar rats were submitted to a vitamin A enriched diet and were tested 4 months later in a spatial memory task. In order to better understand the potential mechanisms mediating the effects of vitamin A supplementation on hippocampal functions, we studied different aspects of hippocampal adult neurogenesis and evaluated hippocampal CRABP-I expression, known to modulate differentiation processes. Here, we show that vitamin A supplementation from middle-age enhances spatial memory and improves the dendritic arborisation of newborn immature neurons probably resulting in a better survival and neuronal differentiation in aged rats. Moreover, our results suggest that hippocampal CRABP-I expression which controls the intracellular availability of retinoic acid (RA), may be an important regulator of neuronal differentiation processes in the aged hippocampus. Thus, vitamin A supplementation from middle-age could be a good strategy to maintain hippocampal plasticity and functions.
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Marx J, Naudé H, Pretorius E. The Effects of Hypo- and Hypervitaminosis a and Its Involvement in Foetal Nervous System Development and Post-Natal Sensorimotor Functioning – A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/096979506799103677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Buckley GJ, Murray-Kolb LE, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Wu L, West KP, Christian P. Cognitive and motor skills in school-aged children following maternal vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy in rural Nepal: a follow-up of a placebo-controlled, randomised cohort. BMJ Open 2013; 3:e002000. [PMID: 23667158 PMCID: PMC3651971 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of maternal vitamin A supplementation from preconception through postpartum on cognitive and motor development of children at 10-13 years of age in rural Nepal. DESIGN Follow-up assessment of children born to women randomly assigned by a village to receive either supplemental vitamin A (7000 µg retinol equivalents) or placebo weekly during a continuous 3.5-year period from 1994-1997. The participants came from 12 wards, a subset of 270 wards in the original trial. Trained staff tested children for cognition by the Universal Nonverbal Intelligence Test (UNIT) and motor ability using four subtests from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). Data on schooling, home environment and nutritional and socioeconomic status were also collected. SETTING Southern plains district of Sarlahi, Nepal. PARTICIPANTS 390 Nepalese children 10-13 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Raw scores on UNIT and square-root transformed scores on an abridged version of the MABC tests, expressed as cluster-summarised (mean±SD) values to account for the design of the original trial. RESULTS There were no differences in UNIT (79.61±5.99 vs 80.69±6.71) or MABC (2.64±0.07 vs 2.49±0.09) test scores in children whose mothers were exposed to vitamin A vs placebo (mean differences: -1.07, 95% CI -7.10 to 9.26, p=0.78; 0.15, 95% CI 0.43 to -0.08, p=0.15), respectively. More children in the placebo group had repeated a grade in school (28% of placebo vs 16.7% of vitamin A, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Preconceptional to postpartum maternal vitamin A supplementation, in an undernourished setting, does not improve cognition or motor development at ages 10-13 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian J Buckley
- Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura E Murray-Kolb
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Subarna K Khatry
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project, Sarlahi (NNIPS), Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh, Tripureswor, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Steven C LeClerq
- Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Keith P West
- Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Parul Christian
- Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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