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Ciancia M, Rataj-Baniowska M, Zinter N, Baldassarro VA, Fraulob V, Charles AL, Alvarez R, Muramatsu SI, de Lera AR, Geny B, Dollé P, Niewiadomska-Cimicka A, Krezel W. Retinoic acid receptor beta protects striatopallidal medium spiny neurons from mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 212:102246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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2
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Comai GE, Tesařová M, Dupé V, Rhinn M, Vallecillo-García P, da Silva F, Feret B, Exelby K, Dollé P, Carlsson L, Pryce B, Spitz F, Stricker S, Zikmund T, Kaiser J, Briscoe J, Schedl A, Ghyselinck NB, Schweitzer R, Tajbakhsh S. Local retinoic acid signaling directs emergence of the extraocular muscle functional unit. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000902. [PMID: 33201874 PMCID: PMC7707851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated development of muscles, tendons, and their attachment sites ensures emergence of functional musculoskeletal units that are adapted to diverse anatomical demands among different species. How these different tissues are patterned and functionally assembled during embryogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the morphogenesis of extraocular muscles (EOMs), an evolutionary conserved cranial muscle group that is crucial for the coordinated movement of the eyeballs and for visual acuity. By means of lineage analysis, we redefined the cellular origins of periocular connective tissues interacting with the EOMs, which do not arise exclusively from neural crest mesenchyme as previously thought. Using 3D imaging approaches, we established an integrative blueprint for the EOM functional unit. By doing so, we identified a developmental time window in which individual EOMs emerge from a unique muscle anlage and establish insertions in the sclera, which sets these muscles apart from classical muscle-to-bone type of insertions. Further, we demonstrate that the eyeballs are a source of diffusible all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) that allow their targeting by the EOMs in a temporal and dose-dependent manner. Using genetically modified mice and inhibitor treatments, we find that endogenous local variations in the concentration of retinoids contribute to the establishment of tendon condensations and attachment sites that precede the initiation of muscle patterning. Collectively, our results highlight how global and site-specific programs are deployed for the assembly of muscle functional units with precise definition of muscle shapes and topographical wiring of their tendon attachments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda Evangelina Comai
- Stem Cells & Development Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (GEC); (ST)
| | - Markéta Tesařová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valérie Dupé
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, Rennes, France
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- IGBMC-Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Fabio da Silva
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
- Division of Molecular Embryology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Betty Feret
- IGBMC-Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Pascal Dollé
- IGBMC-Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Leif Carlsson
- Umeå Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Brian Pryce
- Research Division, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, United States of America
| | - François Spitz
- Genomics of Animal Development Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomáš Zikmund
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Norbert B. Ghyselinck
- IGBMC-Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Research Division, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, United States of America
| | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Stem Cells & Development Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (GEC); (ST)
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3
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Morkmued S, Clauss F, Schuhbaur B, Fraulob V, Mathieu E, Hemmerlé J, Clevers H, Koo BK, Dollé P, Bloch-Zupan A, Niederreither K. Deficiency of the SMOC2 matricellular protein impairs bone healing and produces age-dependent bone loss. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14817. [PMID: 32908163 PMCID: PMC7481257 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted extracellular matrix components which regulate craniofacial development could be reactivated and play roles in adult wound healing. We report a patient with a loss-of-function of the secreted matricellular protein SMOC2 (SPARC related modular calcium binding 2) presenting severe oligodontia, microdontia, tooth root deficiencies, alveolar bone hypoplasia, and a range of skeletal malformations. Turning to a mouse model, Smoc2-GFP reporter expression indicates SMOC2 dynamically marks a range of dental and bone progenitors. While germline Smoc2 homozygous mutants are viable, tooth number anomalies, reduced tooth size, altered enamel prism patterning, and spontaneous age-induced periodontal bone and root loss are observed in this mouse model. Whole-genome RNA-sequencing analysis of embryonic day (E) 14.5 cap stage molars revealed reductions in early expressed enamel matrix components (Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein) and dentin dysplasia targets (Dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1). We tested if like other matricellular proteins SMOC2 was required for regenerative repair. We found that the Smoc2-GFP reporter was reactivated in adjacent periodontal tissues 4 days after tooth avulsion injury. Following maxillary tooth injury, Smoc2−/− mutants had increased osteoclast activity and bone resorption surrounding the extracted molar. Interestingly, a 10-day treatment with the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibitor ibuprofen (30 mg/kg body weight) blocked tooth injury-induced bone loss in Smoc2−/− mutants, reducing matrix metalloprotease (Mmp)9. Collectively, our results indicate that endogenous SMOC2 blocks injury-induced jaw bone osteonecrosis and offsets age-induced periodontal decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supawich Morkmued
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatrics Division, Preventive Department, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - François Clauss
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, CRMR O Rares, Filière TETECOU, ERN CRANIO, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Regenerative NanoMedicine, INSERM UMR1260, FMTS, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Brigitte Schuhbaur
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Valérie Fraulob
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eric Mathieu
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR1121, 11 rue Humann, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Hemmerlé
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR1121, 11 rue Humann, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, and University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bon-Kyoung Koo
- Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, and University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, FMTS, 4 Rue Kirschleger, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404, Illkirch, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000, Strasbourg, France. .,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, CRMR O Rares, Filière TETECOU, ERN CRANIO, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France. .,Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404, Illkirch, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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Morkmued S, Hemmerle J, Mathieu E, Laugel-Haushalter V, Dabovic B, Rifkin DB, Dollé P, Niederreither K, Bloch-Zupan A. Enamel and dental anomalies in latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 3 mutant mice. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 125:8-17. [PMID: 28084688 PMCID: PMC5260799 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Latent‐transforming growth factor beta‐binding protein 3 (LTBP‐3) is important for craniofacial morphogenesis and hard tissue mineralization, as it is essential for activation of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β). To investigate the role of LTBP‐3 in tooth formation we performed micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT), histology, and scanning electron microscopy analyses of adult Ltbp3‐/‐ mice. The Ltbp3‐/‐ mutants presented with unique craniofacial malformations and reductions in enamel formation that began at the matrix formation stage. Organization of maturation‐stage ameloblasts was severely disrupted. The lateral side of the incisor was affected most. Reduced enamel mineralization, modification of the enamel prism pattern, and enamel nodules were observed throughout the incisors, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Molar roots had internal irregular bulbous‐like formations. The cementum thickness was reduced, and microscopic dentinal tubules showed minor nanostructural changes. Thus, LTBP‐3 is required for ameloblast differentiation and for the formation of decussating enamel prisms, to prevent enamel nodule formation, and for proper root morphogenesis. Also, and consistent with the role of TGF‐β signaling during mineralization, almost all craniofacial bone components were affected in Ltbp3‐/‐ mice, especially those involving the upper jaw and snout. This mouse model demonstrates phenotypic overlap with Verloes Bourguignon syndrome, also caused by mutation of LTBP3, which is hallmarked by craniofacial anomalies and amelogenesis imperfecta phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supawich Morkmued
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Joseph Hemmerle
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMR1121 Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Mathieu
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMR1121 Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Branka Dabovic
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel B Rifkin
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pascal Dollé
- CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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5
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Podleśny-Drabiniok A, Sobska J, de Lera AR, Gołembiowska K, Kamińska K, Dollé P, Cebrat M, Krężel W. Distinct retinoic acid receptor (RAR) isotypes control differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells to dopaminergic or striatopallidal medium spiny neurons. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13671. [PMID: 29057906 PMCID: PMC5651880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are pluripotent stem cells extensively used for studies of cell differentiation. Although retinoic acid (RA) is a powerful inducer of neurogenesis in EC cells, it is not clear what specific neuronal subtypes are generated and whether different RAR isotypes may contribute to such neuronal diversification. Here we show that RA treatment during EC embryoid body formation is a highly robust protocol for generation of striatal-like GABAergic neurons which display molecular characteristics of striatopallidal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), including expression of functional dopamine D2 receptor. By using RARα, β and γ selective agonists we show that RARγ is the functionally dominant RAR in mediating RA control of early molecular determinants of MSNs leading to formation of striatopallidal-like neurons. In contrast, activation of RARα is less efficient in generation of this class of neurons, but is essential for differentiation of functional dopaminergic neurons, which may correspond to a subpopulation of inhibitory dopaminergic neurons expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Department of Tumor Immunology, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Sobska
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Krystyna Gołembiowska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kamińska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Małgorzata Cebrat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Department of Tumor Immunology, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France. .,Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
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6
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Haushalter C, Asselin L, Fraulob V, Dollé P, Rhinn M. Retinoic acid controls early neurogenesis in the developing mouse cerebral cortex. Dev Biol 2017; 430:129-141. [PMID: 28790015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A tight regulation of neuron production is required to generate a functional cerebral cortex and is achieved by a proper balance between proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells. Though the vitamin A (retinol) active derivative retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated as one of the signals acting during mammalian forebrain neurogenesis, its function at the onset of neurogenesis as well as during establishment of cortical layers and neuronal subtypes remains elusive. One limitation is that murine mutants for genes encoding key enzymes involved in RA synthesis die during early embryonic development. We analysed corticogenesis in Rdh10 null mutants, in which an RA deficiency is generated as the intracellular retinol to retinaldehyde conversion is abolished. When analysed at the latest stage before lethality occurs (embryonic day [E]13.5), the mutants show smaller telencephalic vesicles and the thickness of their cortical plate is strongly reduced. The first progenitors formed in the cortical plate are radial glial (RG) cells which generate neurons either directly, or through an indirect mechanism involving the production of intermediate neuronal progenitors (INPs) which then give rise to neurons. We show that in absence of RA, the RG progenitors proliferate less and prematurely produce neurons, leading to their depletion at E11.5. Furthermore, we could demonstrate that lack of RA impairs the generation of INPs at E13.5 and affects the cell cycle exit of progenitor cells during corticogenesis, altogether leading to a deficit in projection neurons and to microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Haushalter
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Laure Asselin
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Valérie Fraulob
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
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7
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Haushalter C, Schuhbaur B, Dollé P, Rhinn M. Meningeal retinoic acid contributes to neocortical lamination and radial migration during mouse brain development. Biol Open 2017; 6:148-160. [PMID: 28011626 PMCID: PMC5312094 DOI: 10.1242/bio.021063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a diffusible molecule involved in early forebrain patterning. Its later production in the meninges by the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase RALDH2 coincides with the time of cortical neuron generation. A function of RA in this process has not been adressed directly as Raldh2−/− mouse mutants are embryonic lethal. Here, we used a conditional genetic strategy to inactivate Raldh2 just prior to onset of its expression in the developing meninges. This inactivation does not affect the formation of the cortical progenitor populations, their rate of division, or timing of differentiation. However, migration of late-born cortical neurons is delayed, with neurons stalling in the intermediate zone and exhibiting an abnormal multipolar morphology. This suggests that RA controls the multipolar-to-bipolar transition that occurs in the intermediate zone and allows neurons to start locomotion in the cortical plate. Our work also shows a role for RA in cortical lamination, as deep layers are expanded and a subset of layer IV neurons are not formed in the Raldh2-ablated mutants. These data demonstrate that meninges are a source of extrinsic signals important for cortical development. Summary: Involvement of the signalling molecule retinoic acid in neurogenesis of the developing cerebral cortex is shown through targeted deletion of its synthesizing enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Haushalter
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Brigitte Schuhbaur
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch 67404, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch 67404, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
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8
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Morkmued S, Laugel-Haushalter V, Mathieu E, Schuhbaur B, Hemmerlé J, Dollé P, Bloch-Zupan A, Niederreither K. Retinoic Acid Excess Impairs Amelogenesis Inducing Enamel Defects. Front Physiol 2017; 7:673. [PMID: 28111553 PMCID: PMC5217128 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities of enamel matrix proteins deposition, mineralization, or degradation during tooth development are responsible for a spectrum of either genetic diseases termed Amelogenesis imperfecta or acquired enamel defects. To assess if environmental/nutritional factors can exacerbate enamel defects, we investigated the role of the active form of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA). Robust expression of RA-degrading enzymes Cyp26b1 and Cyp26c1 in developing murine teeth suggested RA excess would reduce tooth hard tissue mineralization, adversely affecting enamel. We employed a protocol where RA was supplied to pregnant mice as a food supplement, at a concentration estimated to result in moderate elevations in serum RA levels. This supplementation led to severe enamel defects in adult mice born from pregnant dams, with most severe alterations observed for treatments from embryonic day (E)12.5 to E16.5. We identified the enamel matrix proteins enamelin (Enam), ameloblastin (Ambn), and odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (Odam) as target genes affected by excess RA, exhibiting mRNA reductions of over 20-fold in lower incisors at E16.5. RA treatments also affected bone formation, reducing mineralization. Accordingly, craniofacial ossification was drastically reduced after 2 days of treatment (E14.5). Massive RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on E14.5 and E16.5 lower incisors. Reductions in Runx2 (a key transcriptional regulator of bone and enamel differentiation) and its targets were observed at E14.5 in RA-exposed embryos. RNA-seq analysis further indicated that bone growth factors, extracellular matrix, and calcium homeostasis were perturbed. Genes mutated in human AI (ENAM, AMBN, AMELX, AMTN, KLK4) were reduced in expression at E16.5. Our observations support a model in which elevated RA signaling at fetal stages affects dental cell lineages. Thereafter enamel protein production is impaired, leading to permanent enamel alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supawich Morkmued
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964Illkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France; Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964Illkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France
| | - Eric Mathieu
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering Strasbourg, France
| | - Brigitte Schuhbaur
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964Illkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France
| | - Joseph Hemmerlé
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964Illkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964Illkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France; Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, CRMRStrasbourg, France; Eastman Dental Institute, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC)Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964Illkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
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9
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Kumar S, Dollé P, Ghyselinck NB, Duester G. Endogenous retinoic acid signaling is required for maintenance and regeneration of cornea. Exp Eye Res 2016; 154:190-195. [PMID: 27840061 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a biologically active metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) that serves as an important signaling molecule in orchestrating diverse developmental processes including multiple roles during ocular development. Loss-of-function studies using gene knockouts of RA-synthesizing enzymes encoded by Aldh1a1, Aldh1a2, and Aldh1a3 (also known as Raldh1, Raldh2, and Raldh3) have provided valuable insight into how RA controls eye morphogenesis including corneal development. However, it is unclear whether endogenous RA is required for maintenance and regeneration of adult cornea. Here, we investigated the role of Aldh1a genes in the adult cornea using a novel conditional Aldh1a1,2,3-flox/flox;Rosa26-CreERT2 loss-of-function mouse model to determine the biological function of RA. Our findings indicate that loss of RA synthesis results in corneal thinning characterized by reduced thickness of the stromal layer, impaired corneal epithelial cell proliferation, and increased apoptosis. Corneal thinning in Aldh1a-deficient mice was significantly rescued by RA administration, indicating an important role of endogenous RA signaling in adult corneal homeostasis and regeneration. Thus, Aldh1a1,2,3-flox/flox;Rosa26-CreERT2 mice provide a useful model for investigating the mechanistic role of RA signaling in adult corneal maintenance and could provide new insights into therapeutic approaches for controlling corneal repair to prevent vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Norbert B Ghyselinck
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U 964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Gregg Duester
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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10
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Niewiadomska-Cimicka A, Krzyżosiak A, Ye T, Podleśny-Drabiniok A, Dembélé D, Dollé P, Krężel W. Genome-wide Analysis of RARβ Transcriptional Targets in Mouse Striatum Links Retinoic Acid Signaling with Huntington's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3859-3878. [PMID: 27405468 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) signaling through retinoic acid receptors (RARs), known for its multiple developmental functions, emerged more recently as an important regulator of adult brain physiology. How RAR-mediated regulation is achieved is poorly known, partly due to the paucity of information on critical target genes in the brain. Also, it is not clear how reduced RA signaling may contribute to pathophysiology of diverse neuropsychiatric disorders. We report the first genome-wide analysis of RAR transcriptional targets in the brain. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing and transcriptomic analysis of RARβ-null mutant mice, we identified genomic targets of RARβ in the striatum. Characterization of RARβ transcriptional targets in the mouse striatum points to mechanisms through which RAR may control brain functions and display neuroprotective activity. Namely, our data indicate with statistical significance (FDR 0.1) a strong contribution of RARβ in controlling neurotransmission, energy metabolism, and transcription, with a particular involvement of G-protein coupled receptor (p = 5.0e-5), cAMP (p = 4.5e-4), and calcium signaling (p = 3.4e-3). Many identified RARβ target genes related to these pathways have been implicated in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease (HD), raising the possibility that compromised RA signaling in the striatum may be a mechanistic link explaining the similar affective and cognitive symptoms in these diseases. The RARβ transcriptional targets were particularly enriched for transcripts affected in HD. Using the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD, we show that partial sequestration of RARβ in huntingtin protein aggregates may account for reduced RA signaling reported in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Niewiadomska-Cimicka
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Krzyżosiak
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, CB2 0QH, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tao Ye
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Doulaye Dembélé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Langer D, Martianov I, Alpern D, Rhinn M, Keime C, Dollé P, Mengus G, Davidson I. Essential role of the TFIID subunit TAF4 in murine embryogenesis and embryonic stem cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11063. [PMID: 27026076 PMCID: PMC4820908 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TAF4 (TATA-binding protein-associated factor 4) and its paralogue TAF4b are components of the TFIID core module. We inactivated the murine Taf4a gene to address Taf4 function during embryogenesis. Here we show that Taf4a−/− embryos survive until E9.5 where primary germ layers and many embryonic structures are identified showing Taf4 is dispensable for their specification. In contrast, Taf4 is required for correct patterning of the trunk and anterior structures, ventral morphogenesis and proper heart positioning. Overlapping expression of Taf4a and Taf4b during embryogenesis suggests their redundancy at early stages. In agreement with this, Taf4a−/− embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are viable and comprise Taf4b-containing TFIID. Nevertheless, Taf4a−/− ESCs do not complete differentiation into glutamatergic neurons and cardiomyocytes in vitro due to impaired preinitiation complex formation at the promoters of critical differentiation genes. We define an essential role of a core TFIID TAF in differentiation events during mammalian embryogenesis. The role of TFIID core module TAFs (TATA-binding protein-associated factors) in embryogenesis is unknown. Here, the authors show that Taf4 is essential at mid-gestation and for complete neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells, but that Taf4a and Taf4b are redundant at early embryonic stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Langer
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Igor Martianov
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Daniel Alpern
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France.,L'École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Route Cantonale, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Céline Keime
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Gabrielle Mengus
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Irwin Davidson
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
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12
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Mandalos N, Rhinn M, Granchi Z, Mitsiadis T, Economides AN, Dollé P, Remboutsika E. ISDN2014_0036: REMOVED: Craniofacial development is fine tuned by Sox2. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Mandalos
- Stem Cell Biology LaboratoryBiomedical Sciences Research Centre “Alexander Fleming”34 Fleming Str.16672VariGreece
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire1 Rue Laurent Fries64707Strasbourg CedexFrance
| | - Zoraide Granchi
- Institute of Oral Biology, ZZMUniversity of ZurichPlattenstrasse 118032ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Thimios Mitsiadis
- Institute of Oral Biology, ZZMUniversity of ZurichPlattenstrasse 118032ZurichSwitzerland
| | | | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire1 Rue Laurent Fries64707Strasbourg CedexFrance
| | - Eumorphia Remboutsika
- Stem Cell Biology LaboratoryBiomedical Sciences Research Centre “Alexander Fleming”34 Fleming Str.16672VariGreece
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13
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Romand R, Ripp R, Poidevin L, Boeglin M, Geffers L, Dollé P, Poch O. Integrated annotation and analysis of in situ hybridization images using the ImAnno system: application to the ear and sensory organs of the fetal mouse. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118024. [PMID: 25706271 PMCID: PMC4338146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An in situ hybridization (ISH) study was performed on 2000 murine genes representing around 10% of the protein-coding genes present in the mouse genome using data generated by the EURExpress consortium. This study was carried out in 25 tissues of late gestation embryos (E14.5), with a special emphasis on the developing ear and on five distinct developing sensory organs, including the cochlea, the vestibular receptors, the sensory retina, the olfactory organ, and the vibrissae follicles. The results obtained from an analysis of more than 11,000 micrographs have been integrated in a newly developed knowledgebase, called ImAnno. In addition to managing the multilevel micrograph annotations performed by human experts, ImAnno provides public access to various integrated databases and tools. Thus, it facilitates the analysis of complex ISH gene expression patterns, as well as functional annotation and interaction of gene sets. It also provides direct links to human pathways and diseases. Hierarchical clustering of expression patterns in the 25 tissues revealed three main branches corresponding to tissues with common functions and/or embryonic origins. To illustrate the integrative power of ImAnno, we explored the expression, function and disease traits of the sensory epithelia of the five presumptive sensory organs. The study identified 623 genes (out of 2000) concomitantly expressed in the five embryonic epithelia, among which many (∼12%) were involved in human disorders. Finally, various multilevel interaction networks were characterized, highlighting differential functional enrichments of directly or indirectly interacting genes. These analyses exemplify an under-represention of "sensory" functions in the sensory gene set suggests that E14.5 is a pivotal stage between the developmental stage and the functional phase that will be fully reached only after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Romand
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg), BP163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Raymond Ripp
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg), BP163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
- LBGI Bioinformatique et Génomique Intégratives, ICube Laboratory and Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medecine (FMTS), University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laetitia Poidevin
- LBGI Bioinformatique et Génomique Intégratives, ICube Laboratory and Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medecine (FMTS), University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marcel Boeglin
- Imaging & Microscopy Platform, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg), BP163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Lars Geffers
- Department of Genes and Behavior, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg), BP163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Poch
- LBGI Bioinformatique et Génomique Intégratives, ICube Laboratory and Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medecine (FMTS), University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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14
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Huckert M, Stoetzel C, Morkmued S, Laugel-Haushalter V, Geoffroy V, Muller J, Clauss F, Prasad MK, Obry F, Raymond JL, Switala M, Alembik Y, Soskin S, Mathieu E, Hemmerlé J, Weickert JL, Dabovic BB, Rifkin DB, Dheedene A, Boudin E, Caluseriu O, Cholette MC, Mcleod R, Antequera R, Gellé MP, Coeuriot JL, Jacquelin LF, Bailleul-Forestier I, Manière MC, Van Hul W, Bertola D, Dollé P, Verloes A, Mortier G, Dollfus H, Bloch-Zupan A. Mutations in the latent TGF-beta binding protein 3 (LTBP3) gene cause brachyolmia with amelogenesis imperfecta. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3038-49. [PMID: 25669657 PMCID: PMC4424950 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited dental malformations constitute a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. Here, we report on four families, three of them consanguineous, with an identical phenotype, characterized by significant short stature with brachyolmia and hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) with almost absent enamel. This phenotype was first described in 1996 by Verloes et al. as an autosomal recessive form of brachyolmia associated with AI. Whole-exome sequencing resulted in the identification of recessive hypomorphic mutations including deletion, nonsense and splice mutations, in the LTBP3 gene, which is involved in the TGF-beta signaling pathway. We further investigated gene expression during mouse development and tooth formation. Differentiated ameloblasts synthesizing enamel matrix proteins and odontoblasts expressed the gene. Study of an available knockout mouse model showed that the mutant mice displayed very thin to absent enamel in both incisors and molars, hereby recapitulating the AI phenotype in the human disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Huckert
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, CRMR, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Stoetzel
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Supawich Morkmued
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CERBM, INSERM U 964, CNRS UMR 7104, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, Illkirch 67404, France Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CERBM, INSERM U 964, CNRS UMR 7104, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Véronique Geoffroy
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean Muller
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CERBM, INSERM U 964, CNRS UMR 7104, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, Illkirch 67404, France Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire ICube UMR 7357, CNRS, LBGI, Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Clauss
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative NanoMedicine, Inserm UMR 1109, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, CRMR, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Megana K Prasad
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Obry
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, CRMR, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean Louis Raymond
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marzena Switala
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, CRMR, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yves Alembik
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Génétique Médicale, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Soskin
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Pédiatrie 1, Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Mathieu
- Université de Strasbourg, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMR 1121, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Hemmerlé
- Université de Strasbourg, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMR 1121, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Luc Weickert
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CERBM, INSERM U 964, CNRS UMR 7104, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, Illkirch 67404, France
| | | | - Daniel B Rifkin
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Langone Medical Centre, New York, USA
| | - Annelies Dheedene
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Eveline Boudin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, Edegem 2650, Belgium
| | - Oana Caluseriu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Cholette
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ross Mcleod
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Paule Gellé
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 2 rue du Général Koenig, Reims 51100, France Laboratoire EA 4691 'BIOS', 1, rue du Maréchal Juin, Reims 51100, France
| | - Jean-Louis Coeuriot
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 2 rue du Général Koenig, Reims 51100, France
| | - Louis-Frédéric Jacquelin
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 2 rue du Général Koenig, Reims 51100, France
| | - Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier
- Faculty of Dentistry, Paul Sabatier University, LU51, Pôle Odontologie, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Manière
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue St Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, CRMR, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, Edegem 2650, Belgium
| | - Debora Bertola
- Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil and
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CERBM, INSERM U 964, CNRS UMR 7104, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- Département de Génétique - Hôpital Robert Debré, CRMR 'Anomalies du Développement & Syndromes Malformatifs', CRMR 'Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares', 48 bd Sérurier, Paris 75019, France
| | - Geert Mortier
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, Edegem 2650, Belgium
| | - Hélène Dollfus
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Génétique Médicale, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM UMR 1112, Faculté de Médecine, FMTS, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Mandalos N, Rhinn M, Granchi Z, Karampelas I, Mitsiadis T, Economides AN, Dollé P, Remboutsika E. Sox2 acts as a rheostat of epithelial to mesenchymal transition during neural crest development. Front Physiol 2014; 5:345. [PMID: 25309446 PMCID: PMC4162359 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise control of self-renewal and differentiation of progenitor cells into the cranial neural crest (CNC) pool ensures proper head development, guided by signaling pathways such as BMPs, FGFs, Shh and Notch. Here, we show that murine Sox2 plays an essential role in controlling progenitor cell behavior during craniofacial development. A “Conditional by Inversion” Sox2 allele (Sox2COIN) has been employed to generate an epiblast ablation of Sox2 function (Sox2EpINV). Sox2EpINV/+(H) haploinsufficient and conditional (Sox2EpINV/mosaic) mutant embryos proceed beyond gastrulation and die around E11. These mutant embryos exhibit severe anterior malformations, with hydrocephaly and frontonasal truncations, which could be attributed to the deregulation of CNC progenitor cells during their epithelial to mesenchymal transition. This irregularity results in an exacerbated and aberrant migration of Sox10+ NCC in the branchial arches and frontonasal process of the Sox2 mutant embryos. These results suggest a novel role for Sox2 as a regulator of the epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) that are important for the cell flow in the developing head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Mandalos
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming" Vari-Attica, Greece
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg Illkirch, France
| | - Zoraide Granchi
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, ZZM Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Karampelas
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming" Vari-Attica, Greece ; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thimios Mitsiadis
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, ZZM Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg Illkirch, France
| | - Eumorphia Remboutsika
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming" Vari-Attica, Greece
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16
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Laugel-Haushalter V, Paschaki M, Marangoni P, Pilgram C, Langer A, Kuntz T, Demassue J, Morkmued S, Choquet P, Constantinesco A, Bornert F, Schmittbuhl M, Pannetier S, Viriot L, Hanauer A, Dollé P, Bloch-Zupan A. RSK2 is a modulator of craniofacial development. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84343. [PMID: 24416220 PMCID: PMC3885557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RSK2 gene is responsible for Coffin-Lowry syndrome, an X-linked dominant genetic disorder causing mental retardation, skeletal growth delays, with craniofacial and digital abnormalities typically associated with this syndrome. Craniofacial and dental anomalies encountered in this rare disease have been poorly characterized. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We examined, using X-Ray microtomographic analysis, the variable craniofacial dysmorphism and dental anomalies present in Rsk2 knockout mice, a model of Coffin-Lowry syndrome, as well as in triple Rsk1,2,3 knockout mutants. We report Rsk mutation produces surpernumerary teeth midline/mesial to the first molar. This highly penetrant phenotype recapitulates more ancestral tooth structures lost with evolution. Most likely this leads to a reduction of the maxillary diastema. Abnormalities of molar shape were generally restricted to the mesial part of both upper and lower first molars (M1). Expression analysis of the four Rsk genes (Rsk1, 2, 3 and 4) was performed at various stages of odontogenesis in wild-type (WT) mice. Rsk2 is expressed in the mesenchymal, neural crest-derived compartment, correlating with proliferative areas of the developing teeth. This is consistent with RSK2 functioning in cell cycle control and growth regulation, functions potentially responsible for severe dental phenotypes. To uncover molecular pathways involved in the etiology of these defects, we performed a comparative transcriptomic (DNA microarray) analysis of mandibular wild-type versus Rsk2-/Y molars. We further demonstrated a misregulation of several critical genes, using a Rsk2 shRNA knock-down strategy in molar tooth germs cultured in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals RSK2 regulates craniofacial development including tooth development and patterning via novel transcriptional targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Marie Paschaki
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Team «Evo-Devo of Vertebrate Dentition», Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5242 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Pilgram
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
| | - Arnaud Langer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
| | - Thibaut Kuntz
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
| | - Julie Demassue
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
| | - Supawich Morkmued
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Philippe Choquet
- UF6237 Preclinical Imaging Lab, Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France; ICube, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - André Constantinesco
- UF6237 Preclinical Imaging Lab, Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France; ICube, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Bornert
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121, "Biomaterials and Bioengineering", University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matthieu Schmittbuhl
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
- Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- INSERM U1121, "Biomaterials and Bioengineering", University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Solange Pannetier
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Laurent Viriot
- Team «Evo-Devo of Vertebrate Dentition», Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5242 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - André Hanauer
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg France
- Reference Centre for Orodental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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Bouissac J, Garwood J, Girlanda-Jungès C, Luu B, Dollé P, Mohier E, Paschaki M. tCFA15, a trimethyl cyclohexenonic long-chain fatty alcohol, affects neural stem fate and differentiation by modulating Notch1 activity. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 718:383-92. [PMID: 23978568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of tCFA15, a non-peptidic compound, on the differentiation of neural stem cell-derived neurospheres, and have found that tCFA15 promotes their differentiation into neurons and reduces their differentiation into astrocytes, in a dose-dependent manner. This response is reminiscent of that resulting from the loss-of-function of Notch signaling after inactivation of the Delta-like 1 (Dll1) gene. Further analysis of the expression of genes from the Notch pathway by reverse transcriptase-PCR revealed that tCFA15 treatment results in a consistent decrease in the level of Notch1 mRNA. We have confirmed this result in other cell lines and propose that it reflects a general effect of the tCFA15 molecule. We discuss the implications of this finding with respect to regulation of Notch activity in neural stem cells, and the possible use of tCFA15 as a therapeutic tool for various pathologies that result from impairment of Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bouissac
- CNRS, UPR 3212, INCI, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
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18
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Meziane H, Fraulob V, Riet F, Krezel W, Selloum M, Geffarth M, Acampora D, Hérault Y, Simeone A, Brand M, Dollé P, Rhinn M. The homeodomain factor Gbx1 is required for locomotion and cell specification in the dorsal spinal cord. PeerJ 2013; 1:e142. [PMID: 24010020 PMCID: PMC3757465 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord integrate and relay sensory information to higher brain centers. These neurons are organized in specific laminae and different transcription factors are involved in their specification. The murine homeodomain Gbx1 protein is expressed in the mantle zone of the spinal cord at E12.5-13.5, correlating with the appearance of a discernable dorsal horn around E14 and eventually defining a narrow layer in the dorsal horn around perinatal stages. At postnatal stages, Gbx1 identifies a specific subpopulation of GABAergic neurons in the dorsal spinal cord. We have generated a loss of function mutation for Gbx1 and analyzed its consequences during spinal cord development. Gbx1−/− mice are viable and can reproduce as homozygous null mutants. However, the adult mutant mice display an altered gait during forward movement that specifically affects the hindlimbs. This abnormal gait was evaluated by a series of behavioral tests, indicating that locomotion is impaired, but not muscle strength or motor coordination. Molecular analysis showed that the development of the dorsal horn is not profoundly affected in Gbx1−/− mutant mice. However, analysis of terminal neuronal differentiation revealed that the proportion of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons in the superficial dorsal horn is diminished. Our study unveiled a role for Gbx1 in specifying a subset of GABAergic neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord involved in the control of posterior limb movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Meziane
- Mouse Clinical Institute / Institut Clinique de la Souris, PHENOMIN, GIE CERBM, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Valérie Fraulob
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Riet
- Mouse Clinical Institute / Institut Clinique de la Souris, PHENOMIN, GIE CERBM, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Wojciech Krezel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Mohammed Selloum
- Mouse Clinical Institute / Institut Clinique de la Souris, PHENOMIN, GIE CERBM, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Michaela Geffarth
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies / Cluster of Excellence, and Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dario Acampora
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Yann Hérault
- Mouse Clinical Institute / Institut Clinique de la Souris, PHENOMIN, GIE CERBM, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Antonio Simeone
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Michael Brand
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies / Cluster of Excellence, and Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch Cedex, France
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19
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Patel NS, Rhinn M, Semprich CI, Halley PA, Dollé P, Bickmore WA, Storey KG. Correction: FGF Signalling Regulates Chromatin Organisation during Neural Differentiation via Mechanisms that Can Be Uncoupled from Transcription. PLoS Genet 2013; 9. [PMID: 29364922 PMCID: PMC5859819 DOI: 10.1371/annotation/c066bb84-13ea-4b36-a481-f149df8ce929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003614.].
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20
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Patel NS, Rhinn M, Semprich CI, Halley PA, Dollé P, Bickmore WA, Storey KG. FGF signalling regulates chromatin organisation during neural differentiation via mechanisms that can be uncoupled from transcription. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003614. [PMID: 23874217 PMCID: PMC3715432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in higher order chromatin organisation have been linked to transcriptional regulation; however, little is known about how such organisation alters during embryonic development or how it is regulated by extrinsic signals. Here we analyse changes in chromatin organisation as neural differentiation progresses, exploiting the clear spatial separation of the temporal events of differentiation along the elongating body axis of the mouse embryo. Combining fluorescence in situ hybridisation with super-resolution structured illumination microscopy, we show that chromatin around key differentiation gene loci Pax6 and Irx3 undergoes both decompaction and displacement towards the nuclear centre coincident with transcriptional onset. Conversely, down-regulation of Fgf8 as neural differentiation commences correlates with a more peripheral nuclear position of this locus. During normal neural differentiation, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling is repressed by retinoic acid, and this vitamin A derivative is further required for transcription of neural genes. We show here that exposure to retinoic acid or inhibition of FGF signalling promotes precocious decompaction and central nuclear positioning of differentiation gene loci. Using the Raldh2 mutant as a model for retinoid deficiency, we further find that such changes in higher order chromatin organisation are dependent on retinoid signalling. In this retinoid deficient condition, FGF signalling persists ectopically in the elongating body, and importantly, we find that inhibiting FGF receptor (FGFR) signalling in Raldh2−/− embryos does not rescue differentiation gene transcription, but does elicit both chromatin decompaction and nuclear position change. These findings demonstrate that regulation of higher order chromatin organisation during differentiation in the embryo can be uncoupled from the machinery that promotes transcription and, for the first time, identify FGF as an extrinsic signal that can direct chromatin compaction and nuclear organisation of gene loci. Changes in the position of genes within the nucleus and in their local organisation frequently correlate with whether or not genes are turned on. However, little is known about how such nuclear organisation is controlled and whether this can be separated from the mechanisms that promote transcription. We show here that central nuclear position and chromatin de-compaction correlate with onset of expression at key neural differentiation gene loci in the mouse embryo. Conversely, the locus of a gene that is down-regulated as neural differentiation commences exhibits a shift towards the nuclear periphery as this takes place. Importantly, we show that signalling through the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathway regulates changes at this level of nuclear organisation. FGF represses differentiation gene transcription and keeps differentiation gene loci compact and at the nuclear periphery. By blocking FGF signalling in a retinoid deficient embryo in which differentiation genes are not expressed, we further show that control of nuclear organisation by FGF is not just a consequence of gene transcription. These findings are the first to demonstrate that such higher order nuclear organisation is regulated in the developing embryo, that this takes place downstream of FGF signaling, and can be uncoupled from the machinery of gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishal S. Patel
- Division of Cell & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudia I. Semprich
- Division of Cell & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela A. Halley
- Division of Cell & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Wendy A. Bickmore
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (WAB); (KGS)
| | - Kate G. Storey
- Division of Cell & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (WAB); (KGS)
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Paschaki M, Cammas L, Muta Y, Matsuoka Y, Mak SS, Rataj-Baniowska M, Fraulob V, Dollé P, Ladher RK. Retinoic acid regulates olfactory progenitor cell fate and differentiation. Neural Dev 2013; 8:13. [PMID: 23829703 PMCID: PMC3717070 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8104-8-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to fulfill their chemosensory function, olfactory neurons are in direct contact with the external environment and are therefore exposed to environmental aggressive factors. Olfaction is maintained through life because, unlike for other sensory neuroepithelia, olfactory neurons have a unique capacity to regenerate after trauma. The mechanisms that control the ontogenesis and regenerative ability of these neurons are not fully understood. Here, we used various experimental approaches in two model systems (chick and mouse) to assess the contribution of retinoic acid signaling in the induction of the olfactory epithelium, the generation and maintenance of progenitor populations, and the ontogenesis and differentiation of olfactory neurons. RESULTS We show that retinoic acid signaling, although dispensable for initial induction of the olfactory placode, plays a key role in neurogenesis within this neuroepithelium. Retinoic acid depletion in the olfactory epithelium, both in chick and mouse models, results in a failure of progenitor cell maintenance and, consequently, differentiation of olfactory neurons is not sustained. Using an explant system, we further show that renewal of olfactory neurons is hindered if the olfactory epithelium is unable to synthesize retinoic acid. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that retinoic acid is not a simple placodal inductive signal, but rather controls olfactory neuronal production by regulating the fate of olfactory progenitor cells. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3 (RALDH3) is the key enzyme required to generate retinoic acid within the olfactory epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Paschaki
- Laboratory for Sensory Development, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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Paschaki M, Schneider C, Rhinn M, Thibault-Carpentier C, Dembélé D, Niederreither K, Dollé P. Transcriptomic analysis of murine embryos lacking endogenous retinoic acid signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62274. [PMID: 23638021 PMCID: PMC3634737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), an active derivative of the liposoluble vitamin A (retinol), acts as an important signaling molecule during embryonic development, regulating phenomenons as diverse as anterior-posterior axial patterning, forebrain and optic vesicle development, specification of hindbrain rhombomeres, pharyngeal arches and second heart field, somitogenesis, and differentiation of spinal cord neurons. This small molecule directly triggers gene activation by binding to nuclear receptors (RARs), switching them from potential repressors to transcriptional activators. The repertoire of RA-regulated genes in embryonic tissues is poorly characterized. We performed a comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of murine wild-type and Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 null-mutant (Raldh2−/−) embryos — unable to synthesize RA from maternally-derived retinol — using Affymetrix DNA microarrays. Transcriptomic changes were analyzed in two embryonic regions: anterior tissues including forebrain and optic vesicle, and posterior (trunk) tissues, at early stages preceding the appearance of overt phenotypic abnormalities. Several genes expected to be downregulated under RA deficiency appeared in the transcriptome data (e.g. Emx2, Foxg1 anteriorly, Cdx1, Hoxa1, Rarb posteriorly), whereas reverse-transcriptase-PCR and in situ hybridization performed for additional selected genes validated the changes identified through microarray analysis. Altogether, the affected genes belonged to numerous molecular pathways and cellular/organismal functions, demonstrating the pleiotropic nature of RA-dependent events. In both tissue samples, genes upregulated were more numerous than those downregulated, probably due to feedback regulatory loops. Bioinformatic analyses highlighted groups (clusters) of genes displaying similar behaviors in mutant tissues, and biological functions most significantly affected (e.g. mTOR, VEGF, ILK signaling in forebrain tissues; pyrimidine and purine metabolism, calcium signaling, one carbon metabolism in posterior tissues). Overall, these data give an overview of the gene expression changes resulting from embryonic RA deficiency, and provide new candidate genes and pathways that may help understanding retinoid-dependent molecular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Paschaki
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Carole Schneider
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Muriel Rhinn
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Christelle Thibault-Carpentier
- Biochips platform, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Doulaye Dembélé
- Biochips platform, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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23
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Romand R, Krezel W, Beraneck M, Cammas L, Fraulob V, Messaddeq N, Kessler P, Hashino E, Dollé P. Retinoic acid deficiency impairs the vestibular function. J Neurosci 2013; 33:5856-66. [PMID: 23536097 PMCID: PMC6705067 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4618-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3 (Raldh3) gene encodes a major retinoic acid synthesizing enzyme and is highly expressed in the inner ear during embryogenesis. We found that mice deficient in Raldh3 bear severe impairment in vestibular functions. These mutant mice exhibited spontaneous circling/tilted behaviors and performed poorly in several vestibular-motor function tests. In addition, video-oculography revealed a complete loss of the maculo-ocular reflex and a significant reduction in the horizontal angular vestibulo-ocular reflex, indicating that detection of both linear acceleration and angular rotation were compromised in the mutants. Consistent with these behavioral and functional deficiencies, morphological anomalies, characterized by a smaller vestibular organ with thinner semicircular canals and a significant reduction in the number of otoconia in the saccule and the utricle, were consistently observed in the Raldh3 mutants. The loss of otoconia in the mutants may be attributed, at least in part, to significantly reduced expression of Otop1, which encodes a protein known to be involved in calcium regulation in the otolithic organs. Our data thus reveal a previously unrecognized role of Raldh3 in structural and functional development of the vestibular end organs.
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MESH Headings
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Behavioral Symptoms/etiology
- Behavioral Symptoms/genetics
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Eye Movements/drug effects
- Eye Movements/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional
- Isoenzymes/deficiency
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Motor Activity/genetics
- Mutation/genetics
- Otolithic Membrane/pathology
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/physiopathology
- Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular/drug effects
- Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular/genetics
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/deficiency
- Swimming
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Vestibular Function Tests
- Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiopathology
- Vestibule, Labyrinth/ultrastructure
- Video Recording
- Vitamin A Deficiency/etiology
- Vitamin A Deficiency/pathology
- Walking/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Romand
- IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), BP 10142, Illkirch F-67404, France.
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24
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Laugel-Haushalter V, Paschaki M, Thibault-Carpentier C, Dembelé D, Dollé P, Bloch-Zupan A. Molars and incisors: show your microarray IDs. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:113. [PMID: 23531410 PMCID: PMC3658942 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the key questions in developmental biology is how, from a relatively small number of conserved signaling pathways, is it possible to generate organs displaying a wide range of shapes, tissue organization, and function. The dentition and its distinct specific tooth types represent a valuable system to address the issues of differential molecular signatures. To identify such signatures, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of developing murine lower incisors, mandibular molars and maxillary molars at the developmental cap stage (E14.5). Results 231 genes were identified as being differentially expressed between mandibular incisors and molars, with a fold change higher than 2 and a false discovery rate lower than 0.1, whereas only 96 genes were discovered as being differentially expressed between mandibular and maxillary molars. Numerous genes belonging to specific signaling pathways (the Hedgehog, Notch, Wnt, FGF, TGFβ/BMP, and retinoic acid pathways), and/or to the homeobox gene superfamily, were also uncovered when a less stringent fold change threshold was used. Differential expressions for 10 out of 12 (mandibular incisors versus molars) and 9 out of 10 selected genes were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). A bioinformatics tool (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) used to analyze biological functions and pathways on the group of incisor versus molar differentially expressed genes revealed that 143 genes belonged to 9 networks with intermolecular connections. Networks with the highest significance scores were centered on the TNF/NFκB complex and the ERK1/2 kinases. Two networks ERK1/2 kinases and tretinoin were involved in differential molar morphogenesis. Conclusion These data allowed us to build several regulatory networks that may distinguish incisor versus molar identity, and may be useful for further investigations of these tooth-specific ontogenetic programs. These programs may be dysregulated in transgenic animal models and related human diseases leading to dental anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, BP 10142, 1 rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch Cedex, 67404, France
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25
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Laugel-Haushalter V, Langer A, Marrie J, Fraulob V, Schuhbaur B, Koch-Phillips M, Dollé P, Bloch-Zupan A. From the transcription of genes involved in ectodermal dysplasias to the understanding of associated dental anomalies. Mol Syndromol 2012; 3:158-68. [PMID: 23239958 DOI: 10.1159/000342833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Orodental anomalies are one aspect of rare diseases and are increasingly identified as diagnostic and predictive traits. To understand the rationale behind gene expression during tooth or other ectodermal derivative development and the disruption of odontogenesis or hair and salivary gland formation in human syndromes we analyzed the expression patterns of a set of genes (Irf6, Nfkbia, Ercc3, Evc2, Map2k1) involved in human ectodermal dysplasias in mouse by in situ hybridization. The expression patterns of Nfkbia, Ercc3 and Evc2 during odontogenesis had never been reported previously. All genes were indeed transcribed in different tissues/organs of ectodermal origin. However, for Nfkbia, Ercc3, Evc2, and Map2k1, signals were also present in the ectomesenchymal components of the tooth germs. These expression patterns were consistent in timing and localization with the known dental anomalies (tooth agenesis, microdontia, conical shape, enamel hypoplasia) encountered in syndromes resulting from mutations in those genes. They could also explain the similar orodental anomalies encountered in some of the corresponding mutant mouse models. Translational approaches in development and medicine are relevant to gain understanding of the molecular events underlying clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Laugel-Haushalter
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
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26
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a vitamin A-derived, non-peptidic, small lipophilic molecule that acts as ligand for nuclear RA receptors (RARs), converting them from transcriptional repressors to activators. The distribution and levels of RA in embryonic tissues are tightly controlled by regulated synthesis through the action of specific retinol and retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and by degradation via specific cytochrome P450s (CYP26s). Recent studies indicate that RA action involves an interplay between diffusion (morphogen-like) gradients and the establishment of signalling boundaries due to RA metabolism, thereby allowing RA to finely control the differentiation and patterning of various stem/progenitor cell populations. Here, we provide an overview of the RA biosynthesis, degradation and signalling pathways and review the main functions of this molecule during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Rhinn
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.
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27
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Paschaki M, Lin SC, Wong RLY, Finnell RH, Dollé P, Niederreither K. Retinoic acid-dependent signaling pathways and lineage events in the developing mouse spinal cord. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32447. [PMID: 22396766 PMCID: PMC3292566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in avian models have demonstrated an involvement of retinoid signaling in early neural tube patterning. The roles of this signaling pathway at later stages of spinal cord development are only partly characterized. Here we use Raldh2-null mouse mutants rescued from early embryonic lethality to study the consequences of lack of endogenous retinoic acid (RA) in the differentiating spinal cord. Mid-gestation RA deficiency produces prominent structural and molecular deficiencies in dorsal regions of the spinal cord. While targets of Wnt signaling in the dorsal neuronal lineage are unaltered, reductions in Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Notch signaling are clearly observed. We further provide evidence that endogenous RA is capable of driving stem cell differentiation. Raldh2 deficiency results in a decreased number of spinal cord derived neurospheres, which exhibit a reduced differentiation potential. Raldh2-null neurospheres have a decreased number of cells expressing the neuronal marker β-III-tubulin, while the nestin-positive cell population is increased. Hence, in vivo retinoid deficiency impaired neural stem cell growth. We propose that RA has separable functions in the developing spinal cord to (i) maintain high levels of FGF and Notch signaling and (ii) drive stem cell differentiation, thus restricting both the numbers and the pluripotent character of neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Paschaki
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Song-Chang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Lee Yean Wong
- Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Development and Stem Cells Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7104), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U 964), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Boulberdaa M, Turkeri G, Urayama K, Dormishian M, Szatkowski C, Zimmer L, Messaddeq N, Laugel V, Dollé P, Nebigil CG. Genetic Inactivation of Prokineticin Receptor-1 Leads to Heart and Kidney Disorders. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:842-50. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.222323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mounia Boulberdaa
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Gulen Turkeri
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Kyoji Urayama
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Mojdeh Dormishian
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Cécilia Szatkowski
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Luc Zimmer
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Nadia Messaddeq
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Virginie Laugel
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Pascal Dollé
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
| | - Canan G. Nebigil
- From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (M.B., G.T., K.U., M.D., C.S., C.G.N.); Center of Exploration and Research Multimodel and Pluridisiplinary, Imagerie du vivant and Université Lyon 1 (L.Z.); Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U964 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale,
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29
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), a vitamin A derivative, is synthesized by specific cell populations and acts as a diffusible embryonic signal activating ligand-inducible transcription factors, the RA receptors (RARs). RA-activatable transgenic systems have revealed many discrete, transient sites of RA action during development. However, there has been no attempt to permanently label the RA-activated cell lineages during mouse ontogenesis. We describe the characterization of a RA-activatable Cre transgene, which through crosses with a conditional reporter strain (the ROSA26R lacZ reporter), leads to a stable labeling of the cell populations experiencing RA signaling during embryogenesis. RA response-element (RARE)-driven Cre activity mimics at early stages the known activity of the corresponding RARE-lacZ transgene (Rossant et al.,1991). Stable labeling of the Cre-excised cell populations allows to trace the distribution of the RA-activated cell lineages at later stages. These are described in relationship with current models of RA activity in various developmental systems, including the embryonic caudal region, limb buds, hindbrain, sensory organs, and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Dollé
- IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), Illkirch, France.
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30
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Diez-Roux G, Banfi S, Sultan M, Geffers L, Anand S, Rozado D, Magen A, Canidio E, Pagani M, Peluso I, Lin-Marq N, Koch M, Bilio M, Cantiello I, Verde R, De Masi C, Bianchi SA, Cicchini J, Perroud E, Mehmeti S, Dagand E, Schrinner S, Nürnberger A, Schmidt K, Metz K, Zwingmann C, Brieske N, Springer C, Hernandez AM, Herzog S, Grabbe F, Sieverding C, Fischer B, Schrader K, Brockmeyer M, Dettmer S, Helbig C, Alunni V, Battaini MA, Mura C, Henrichsen CN, Garcia-Lopez R, Echevarria D, Puelles E, Garcia-Calero E, Kruse S, Uhr M, Kauck C, Feng G, Milyaev N, Ong CK, Kumar L, Lam M, Semple CA, Gyenesei A, Mundlos S, Radelof U, Lehrach H, Sarmientos P, Reymond A, Davidson DR, Dollé P, Antonarakis SE, Yaspo ML, Martinez S, Baldock RA, Eichele G, Ballabio A. A high-resolution anatomical atlas of the transcriptome in the mouse embryo. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1000582. [PMID: 21267068 PMCID: PMC3022534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The manuscript describes the “digital transcriptome atlas” of the developing mouse embryo, a powerful resource to determine co-expression of genes, to identify cell populations and lineages and to identify functional associations between genes relevant to development and disease. Ascertaining when and where genes are expressed is of crucial importance to understanding or predicting the physiological role of genes and proteins and how they interact to form the complex networks that underlie organ development and function. It is, therefore, crucial to determine on a genome-wide level, the spatio-temporal gene expression profiles at cellular resolution. This information is provided by colorimetric RNA in situ hybridization that can elucidate expression of genes in their native context and does so at cellular resolution. We generated what is to our knowledge the first genome-wide transcriptome atlas by RNA in situ hybridization of an entire mammalian organism, the developing mouse at embryonic day 14.5. This digital transcriptome atlas, the Eurexpress atlas (http://www.eurexpress.org), consists of a searchable database of annotated images that can be interactively viewed. We generated anatomy-based expression profiles for over 18,000 coding genes and over 400 microRNAs. We identified 1,002 tissue-specific genes that are a source of novel tissue-specific markers for 37 different anatomical structures. The quality and the resolution of the data revealed novel molecular domains for several developing structures, such as the telencephalon, a novel organization for the hypothalamus, and insight on the Wnt network involved in renal epithelial differentiation during kidney development. The digital transcriptome atlas is a powerful resource to determine co-expression of genes, to identify cell populations and lineages, and to identify functional associations between genes relevant to development and disease. In situ hybridization (ISH) can be used to visualize gene expression in cells and tissues in their native context. High-throughput ISH using nonradioactive RNA probes allowed the Eurexpress consortium to generate a comprehensive, interactive, and freely accessible digital gene expression atlas, the Eurexpress transcriptome atlas (http://www.eurexpress.org), of the E14.5 mouse embryo. Expression data for over 15,000 genes were annotated for hundreds of anatomical structures, thus allowing us to systematically identify tissue-specific and tissue-overlapping gene networks. We illustrate the value of the Eurexpress atlas by finding novel regional subdivisions in the developing brain. We also use the transcriptome atlas to allocate specific components of the complex Wnt signaling pathway to kidney development, and we identify regionally expressed genes in liver that may be markers of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Marc Sultan
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Geffers
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Santosh Anand
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - David Rozado
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alon Magen
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ivana Peluso
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Nathalie Lin-Marq
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Koch
- Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | - Marchesa Bilio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Verde
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Juliette Cicchini
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elodie Perroud
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shprese Mehmeti
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Dagand
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Asja Nürnberger
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Schmidt
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Metz
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Brieske
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cindy Springer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Martinez Hernandez
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Herzog
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Grabbe
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Sieverding
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Fischer
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schrader
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Maren Brockmeyer
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Dettmer
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christin Helbig
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Carole Mura
- Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Raquel Garcia-Lopez
- Experimental Embryology Lab, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Diego Echevarria
- Experimental Embryology Lab, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Eduardo Puelles
- Experimental Embryology Lab, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Calero
- Experimental Embryology Lab, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Markus Uhr
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christine Kauck
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Guangjie Feng
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nestor Milyaev
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chuang Kee Ong
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - MeiSze Lam
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Colin A. Semple
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Radelof
- RZPD—Deutsches Ressourcenzentrum für Genomforschung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Lehrach
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Duncan R. Davidson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Inserm U 964, CNRS UMR 7104, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg; Illkirch, France
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Stylianos E. Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Marie-Laure Yaspo
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Salvador Martinez
- Experimental Embryology Lab, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Richard A. Baldock
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Gregor Eichele
- Genes and Behavior Department, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DRD); (PD); (SEA); (M-LY); (SM); (RAB); (GE); (AB)
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Karali M, Peluso I, Gennarino VA, Bilio M, Verde R, Lago G, Dollé P, Banfi S. miRNeye: a microRNA expression atlas of the mouse eye. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:715. [PMID: 21171988 PMCID: PMC3018480 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of biological processes. To define miRNA function in the eye, it is essential to determine a high-resolution profile of their spatial and temporal distribution. RESULTS In this report, we present the first comprehensive survey of miRNA expression in ocular tissues, using both microarray and RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) procedures. We initially determined the expression profiles of miRNAs in the retina, lens, cornea and retinal pigment epithelium of the adult mouse eye by microarray. Each tissue exhibited notably distinct miRNA enrichment patterns and cluster analysis identified groups of miRNAs that showed predominant expression in specific ocular tissues or combinations of them. Next, we performed RNA ISH for over 220 miRNAs, including those showing the highest expression levels by microarray, and generated a high-resolution expression atlas of miRNAs in the developing and adult wild-type mouse eye, which is accessible in the form of a publicly available web database. We found that 122 miRNAs displayed restricted expression domains in the eye at different developmental stages, with the majority of them expressed in one or more cell layers of the neural retina. CONCLUSIONS This analysis revealed miRNAs with differential expression in ocular tissues and provided a detailed atlas of their tissue-specific distribution during development of the murine eye. The combination of the two approaches offers a valuable resource to decipher the contributions of specific miRNAs and miRNA clusters to the development of distinct ocular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianthi Karali
- Telethon Institute for Genetics and Medicine, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, Italy
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32
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Alfano G, Conte I, Caramico T, Avellino R, Arnò B, Pizzo MT, Tanimoto N, Beck SC, Huber G, Dollé P, Seeliger MW, Banfi S. Vax2 regulates retinoic acid distribution and cone opsin expression in the vertebrate eye. Development 2010; 138:261-71. [PMID: 21148184 DOI: 10.1242/dev.051037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vax2 is an eye-specific homeobox gene, the inactivation of which in mouse leads to alterations in the establishment of a proper dorsoventral eye axis during embryonic development. To dissect the molecular pathways in which Vax2 is involved, we performed a transcriptome analysis of Vax2(-/-) mice throughout the main stages of eye development. We found that some of the enzymes involved in retinoic acid (RA) metabolism in the eye show significant variations of their expression levels in mutant mice. In particular, we detected an expansion of the expression domains of the RA-catabolizing enzymes Cyp26a1 and Cyp26c1, and a downregulation of the RA-synthesizing enzyme Raldh3. These changes determine a significant expansion of the RA-free zone towards the ventral part of the eye. At postnatal stages of eye development, Vax2 inactivation led to alterations of the regional expression of the cone photoreceptor genes Opn1sw (S-Opsin) and Opn1mw (M-Opsin), which were significantly rescued after RA administration. We confirmed the above described alterations of gene expression in the Oryzias latipes (medaka fish) model system using both Vax2 gain- and loss-of-function assays. Finally, a detailed morphological and functional analysis of the adult retina in mutant mice revealed that Vax2 is necessary for intraretinal pathfinding of retinal ganglion cells in mammals. These data demonstrate for the first time that Vax2 is both necessary and sufficient for the control of intraretinal RA metabolism, which in turn contributes to the appropriate expression of cone opsins in the vertebrate eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Alfano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
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33
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Zullo A, Iaconis D, Barra A, Cantone A, Messaddeq N, Capasso G, Dollé P, Igarashi P, Franco B. Kidney-specific inactivation of Ofd1 leads to renal cystic disease associated with upregulation of the mTOR pathway. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:2792-803. [PMID: 20444807 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral-facial-digital type I syndrome (OFDI; MIM 311200) is a rare syndromic form of inherited renal cystic disease. It is transmitted as an X-linked dominant, male lethal disorder and is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene. Previous studies demonstrated that OFDI belongs to the growing number of disorders ascribed to dysfunction of primary cilia. We generated a conditional inactivation of the mouse Ofd1 gene using the Ksp-Cre transgenic line, which resulted in a viable model characterized by renal cystic disease and progressive impairment of renal function. The study of this model allowed us to demonstrate that primary cilia initially form and then disappear after the development of cysts, suggesting that the absence of primary cilia is a consequence rather than the primary cause of renal cystic disease. Immunofluorescence and western blotting analysis revealed upregulation of the mTOR pathway in both dilated and non-dilated renal structures. Treatment with rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of the mTOR pathway, resulted in a significant reduction in the number and size of renal cysts and a decrease in the cystic index compared with untreated mutant animals, suggesting that dysregulation of this pathway in our model is mTOR-dependent. The animal model we have generated could thus represent a valuable tool to understand the molecular link between mTOR and cyst development, and eventually to the identification of novel drug targets for renal cystic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Zullo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Cammas L, Trensz F, Jellali A, Ghyselinck NB, Roux MJ, Dollé P. Retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-alpha is not critically required for mediating retinoic acid effects in the developing mouse retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; 51:3281-90. [PMID: 20107170 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the functional contribution of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-alpha in the developing murine neural retina, through a phenotypic analysis of the corresponding null mutants. METHODS RARalpha mutant (Rara(-/-)) mice were compared with wild-type littermates at several stages of pre- and postnatal development. An RA-response element (RARE)-containing reporter transgene was used to assess the contribution of RARalpha to retinoid signaling in the retina. In situ hybridization was performed on serial eye sections to investigate the expression of main developmental regulators. Immunofluorescence was used to detect differentiated cell types in the adult retina. Mutants were also subjected to clinical observation and visual function evaluation with the optomotor test and electroretinography. RESULTS Both isoform transcripts of RARalpha were expressed throughout the neural retina at various stages of pre- and postnatal development. In the Rara(-/-) mice the RARE-reporter transgene consistently failed to activate in the developing neural retina. However, they did not exhibit any alteration of the expression patterns of molecular determinants and had a normal organization of retinal cell types at postnatal stages. Their performance in visual tests was indistinguishable from that of control littermates. CONCLUSIONS Although RARalpha mediates RARE reporter transgene activity in the neural retina, its function is not necessary for the retina to develop and function normally. These data suggest that retinoic acid regulates neural retinal development through other, possibly RAR-independent, pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cammas
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, BP 10142 Illkirch, France
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Abstract
Here, I review the developmental expression features of genes encoding the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the 'retinoid X' or rexinoid receptors (RXRs). The first detailed expression studies were performed in the mouse over two decades ago, following the cloning of the murine Rar genes. These studies revealed complex expression features at all stages of post-implantation development, one receptor gene (Rara) showing widespread expression, the two others (Rarb and Rarg) with highly regionalized and/or cell type-specific expression in both neural and non-neural tissues. Rxr genes also have either widespread (Rxra, Rxrb), or highly-restricted (Rxrg) expression patterns. Studies performed in zebrafish and Xenopus demonstrated expression of Rar and Rxr genes (both maternal and zygotic), at early pre-gastrulation stages. The eventual characterization of specific enzymes involved in the synthesis of retinoic acid (retinol/retinaldehyde dehydrogenases), or the triggering of its catabolism (CYP26 cytochrome P450s), all of them showing differential expression patterns, led to a clearer understanding of the phenomenons regulated by retinoic acid signaling during development. Functional studies involving targeted gene disruptions in the mouse, and additional approaches such as dominant negative receptor expression in other models, have pinpointed the specific, versus partly redundant, roles of the RARs and RXRs in many developing organ systems. These pleiotropic roles are summarized hereafter in relationship to the receptors' expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Dollé
- IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), France.
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Ribes V, Le Roux I, Rhinn M, Schuhbaur B, Dollé P. Early mouse caudal development relies on crosstalk between retinoic acid, Shh and Fgf signalling pathways. Development 2009; 136:665-76. [PMID: 19168680 DOI: 10.1242/dev.016204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The progressive generation of embryonic trunk structures relies on the proper patterning of the caudal epiblast, which involves the integration of several signalling pathways. We have investigated the function of retinoic acid (RA) signalling during this process. We show that, in addition to posterior mesendoderm, primitive streak and node cells transiently express the RA-synthesizing enzyme Raldh2 prior to the headfold stage. RA-responsive cells (detected by the RA-activated RARE-lacZ transgene) are additionally found in the epiblast layer. Analysis of RA-deficient Raldh2(-/-) mutants reveals early caudal patterning defects, with an expansion of primitive streak and mesodermal markers at the expense of markers of the prospective neuroepithelium. As a result, many genes involved in neurogenesis and/or patterning of the embryonic spinal cord are affected in their expression. We demonstrate that RA signalling is required at late gastrulation stages for mesodermal and neural progenitors to respond to the Shh signal. Whole-embryo culture experiments indicate that the proper response of cells to Shh requires two RA-dependent mechanisms: (1) a balanced antagonism between Fgf and RA signals, and (2) a RA-mediated repression of Gli2 expression. Thus, an interplay between RA, Fgf and Shh signalling is likely to be an important mechanism underpinning the tight regulation of caudal embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribes
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Inserm, U 964, Illkirch, F-67400 France
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Maclean G, Dollé P, Petkovich M. Genetic disruption of CYP26B1 severely affects development of neural crest derived head structures, but does not compromise hindbrain patterning. Dev Dyn 2009; 238:732-45. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Romand R, Kondo T, Cammas L, Hashino E, Dollé P. Dynamic expression of the retinoic acid-synthesizing enzyme retinol dehydrogenase 10 (rdh10) in the developing mouse brain and sensory organs. J Comp Neurol 2008; 508:879-92. [PMID: 18399539 DOI: 10.1002/cne.21707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organs develop through many tissue interactions during embryogenesis, involving numerous signaling cascades and gene products. One of these signaling molecules is retinoic acid (RA), an active vitamin A derivative, which in mammalian embryos is synthesized from maternal retinol by two oxidative reactions involving alcohol/retinol dehydrogenases (ADH/RDHs) and retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs), respectively. The activity of RALDHs is known to be crucial for RA synthesis; however, recently a retinol dehydrogenase (RDH10) has been shown to represent a new limiting factor in this synthesis. We investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of Rdh10 gene transcripts by in situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) during development of the brain and sensory organs. Although Rdh10 relative mRNA levels decline throughout brain development, we show a strong and lasting expression in the meninges and choroid plexuses. Rdh10 expression is also specifically seen in the striatum, a known site of retinoid signaling. In the eye, regional expression is observed both in the prospective pigmented epithelium and neural retina. In the inner ear Rdh10 expression is specific to the endolymphatic system and later the stria vascularis, both organs being involved in endolymph homeostasis. Furthermore, in the peripheral olfactory system and the vibrissae follicles, expression is present from early stages in regions where sensory receptors appear and mesenchymal/epithelial interactions take place. The distribution of Rdh10 transcripts during brain and sensory organ development is consistent with a role of this enzyme in generating region-specific pools of retinaldehyde that will be used by the various RALDHs to refine the patterns of RA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Romand
- IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), BP 10142, Illkirch, F-67400 France.
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Abstract
The macroPARPs Parp‐9 and Parp‐14 are macro domain containing poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerases involved in transcriptional regulation in response to immunoregulatory cytokines. Their genes reside in the same locus (16B3), and the Parp‐9 gene lies head‐to‐head and shares its promoter with the gene encoding its partner, Bbap. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of Parp‐9, Parp‐14, and Bbap expression during mouse development and adulthood. Parp‐9 is developmentally regulated, and prominently expressed in the thymus and specific regions of the brain and gut. In adults, highest expression is maintained in the thymus and intestine. Parp‐14 is more weakly expressed, mainly in the thymus during development and in adulthood. In addition, we show that Bbap is essentially coexpressed with Parp‐9 during development and in adult mouse. However, the different levels of their transcripts detected in the developing brain and gut suggest that Bbap and Parp‐9 display both common and independent tissue‐specific regulations. Developmental Dynamics 237:209–215, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Hakmé
- Université Strasbourg 1, Institut Gilbert Laustriat, CNRS - UMR 7175, Département Intégrité du Génome, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, BP 10413, Illkirch Cedex, France
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40
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Ribes V, Stutzmann F, Bianchetti L, Guillemot F, Dollé P, Le Roux I. Combinatorial signalling controls Neurogenin2 expression at the onset of spinal neurogenesis. Dev Biol 2008; 321:470-81. [PMID: 18590718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A central issue during embryonic development is to define how different signals cooperate in generating unique cell types. To address this issue, we focused on the function and the regulation of the proneural gene Neurogenin2 (Neurog2) during early mouse spinal neurogenesis. We showed that Neurog2 is first expressed in cells within the neural plate anterior to the node from the 5 somite-stage. The analysis of Neurog2 mutants established a role for this gene in triggering neural differentiation during spinal cord elongation. We identified a 798 base pair enhancer element (Neurog2-798) upstream of the Neurog2 coding sequence that directs the early caudal expression of Neurog2. Embryo culture experiments showed that Retinoic Acid (RA), Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Fibroblast Growth Factor signals act in concert on this enhancer to control the spatial and temporal induction of Neurog2. We further demonstrated by transgenesis that two RA response elements and a Gli binding site within the Neurog2-798 element are absolutely required for its activity, strongly suggesting that the regulation of Neurog2 early expression by RA and Shh signals is direct. Our data thus support a model where signal integration at the level of a single enhancer constitutes a key mechanism to control the onset of neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribes
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Inserm U 596, CNRS UMR 7104, Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Laurent Friès, Illkirch, BP 10142 F-67400, France
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) has complex and pleiotropic functions during vertebrate development. Recent work in several species has increased our understanding of the roles of RA as a signalling molecule. These functions rely on a tight control of RA distribution within embryonic tissues through the combined action of synthesizing and metabolizing enzymes, possibly leading to diffusion gradients. Also important is the switching of nuclear receptors from a transcriptionally repressing state to an activating state. In addition, cross-talk with other key embryonic signals, especially fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and sonic hedgehog (SHH), is being uncovered. Some of these functions could be maintained throughout the life of an organism to regulate cell-lineage decisions and/or the differentiation of stem cell populations, highlighting possibilities for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Niederreither
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Cammas L, Romand R, Fraulob V, Mura C, Dollé P. Expression of the murine retinol dehydrogenase 10 (Rdh10) gene correlates with many sites of retinoid signalling during embryogenesis and organ differentiation. Dev Dyn 2008; 236:2899-908. [PMID: 17849458 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid acts as a signalling molecule regulating many developmental events in vertebrates. As this molecule directly influences gene expression by activating nuclear receptors, its patterns of synthesis have to be tightly regulated, and it is well established that at least three retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs) are involved in such tissue-specific synthesis. Whereas embryos from oviparous species can obtain retinaldehyde by metabolizing carotenoids stored in the yolk, placental embryos rely on retinol transferred from the maternal circulation. Here, we show that the gene encoding one of the murine retinol dehydrogenases, Rdh10, is expressed according to complex profiles both during early embryogenesis and organ differentiation. Many of its expression sites correlate with regions of active retinoid signalling and Raldh gene expression, especially with Raldh2 in the early presomitic and somitic mesoderm, retrocardiac and posterior branchial arch region, or later in the pleural mesothelium and kidney cortical region. Rdh10 also shows cell-type and/or regional specificity during development of the palate, teeth, and olfactory system. During limb bud development, it may participate in retinoic acid production in proximal/posterior cells, and eventually in interdigital mesenchyme. These data implicate the retinol to retinaldehyde conversion as the first step in the tissue-specific regulation of retinoic acid synthesis, at least in mammalian embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cammas
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Inserm, U596, CNRS, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
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Halilagic A, Ribes V, Ghyselinck NB, Zile MH, Dollé P, Studer M. Retinoids control anterior and dorsal properties in the developing forebrain. Dev Biol 2007; 303:362-75. [PMID: 17184764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 09/01/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that retinoic acid (RA) synthesized by the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) is required in forebrain development. Deficiency in RA due to inactivation of the mouse Raldh2 gene or to complete absence of retinoids in vitamin-A-deficient (VAD) quails, leads to abnormal morphogenesis of various forebrain derivatives. In this study we show that double Raldh2/Raldh3 mouse mutants have a more severe phenotype in the craniofacial region than single null mutants. In particular, the nasal processes are truncated and the eye abnormalities are exacerbated. It has been previously shown that retinoids act mainly on cell proliferation and survival in the ventral forebrain by regulating SHH and FGF8 signaling. Using the VAD quail model, which survives longer than the Raldh-deficient mouse embryos, we found that retinoids act in maintaining the correct position of anterior and dorsal boundaries in the forebrain by modulating FGF8 anteriorly and WNT signaling dorsally. Furthermore, BMP4 and FGF8 signaling are affected in the nasal region and BMP4 is ventrally expanded in the optic vesicle. At the optic cup stage, Pax6, Tbx5 and Bmp4 are ectopically expressed in the presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), while Otx2 and Mitf are not induced, leading to a dorsal transdifferentiation of RPE to neural retina. Therefore, besides being required for survival of ventral structures, retinoids are involved in restricting anterior identity in the telencephalon and dorsal identity in the diencephalon and the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Halilagic
- MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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Vermot J, Messaddeq N, Niederreither K, Dierich A, Dollé P. Rescue of morphogenetic defects and of retinoic acid signaling in retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Raldh2) mouse mutants by chimerism with wild-type cells. Differentiation 2007; 74:661-8. [PMID: 17177861 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00094.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the active vitamin A derivative, is an important developmental signaling molecule in vertebrates. In this study, we have assessed whether minimal numbers and/or specific distributions of RA-producing cells can support normal mouse embryonic development. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) is the main RA-synthesizing enzyme acting during development. We have generated an embryonic stem (ES) cell line homozygous for an Raldh2 gene disruption, and have analyzed chimeric embryos with various contributions of wild-type cells. Whereas embryos almost completely derived from Raldh2(-/-) cells phenocopy the corresponding germline null mutants, the presence of even small numbers (<10%) of wild-type cells can rescue most of the morphogenetic defects, including embryonic turning and axial elongation, and left-right looping of the heart tube. No consistent bias in the distribution of wild-type cells was observed in the phenotypically rescued Raldh2(-/-) chimeras. Analysis of an RA-sensitive transgene indicates that RA can diffuse from wild-type cells and elicit a widespread transcriptional response in Raldh2-deficient cells. Our results show that few wild-type RA-producing cells, even when present in apparent random distributions, can support early morphogenesis of the mouse embryo. However, the Raldh2(-/-) chimeric fetuses display lung abnormalities, persistent truncus arteriosus, and abnormal myocardial differentiation, showing that subsequent RA-dependent events cannot be fully rescued by the mosaic presence of wild-type cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 du CNRS, U. 596 de l'INSERM, Université Louis Pasteur, Cedex, CU de Strasbourg, France
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Fritzsche B, Vermot J, Neumann U, Schmidt A, Schweigert FJ, Dollé P, Rühl R. Regulation of expression of the retinoic acid metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 in uteri of ovariectomized mice after treatment with ovarian steroid hormones. Mol Reprod Dev 2007; 74:258-64. [PMID: 16955405 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The retinoic acid (RA) synthesizing enzymes, retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDH), are expressed in specific spatial and temporal patterns in uterine tissues during estrous cycle and early pregnancy in mice. Expression of RALDH1 and 2 has been shown to be induced by estrogen treatment within the uterus. In this study, we determined the influence of progesterone and 17-ss-estradiol on the uterine expression of the RA-metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 after specific time intervals (1, 4, 24, and 48 hr after treatment of ovariectomized mice). In a following experiment, we investigated the influence of gestagen (promegestone 0.3 mg/kg body weight), estrogen (estradiol 3 microg/kg), their combination, as well as the antagonizing anti-progesterone hormone (RU 486 10 mg/kg) on the uterine expression of CYP26A1. Expression of CYP26A1 was localized using in situ hybridization and quantified using RT-PCR. CYP26A1 mRNA expression was strongly--although transiently--induced in uterine endometrial epithelial and glandular cells after administration of gestagen or the combination of gestagen + estrogen, but not by estrogen alone. These observations were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR experiments on whole uteri. Thus, we show that the expression of CYP26A1 in endometrial epithelial cells is regulated by progesterone and not significantly influenced by co-administration of estrogen. These data indicate an additional level of hormonal control of endogenous RA levels in the mouse uterus, where its synthesis would rely on estrogen-dependent expression of RALDH enzymes, whereas its active metabolism would be triggered by progesterone-induced CYP26A1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Fritzsche
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Ribes V, Fraulob V, Petkovich M, Dollé P. The oxidizing enzyme CYP26a1 tightly regulates the availability of retinoic acid in the gastrulating mouse embryo to ensure proper head development and vasculogenesis. Dev Dyn 2007; 236:644-53. [PMID: 17211890 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated as one of the signals providing a posterior character to the developing vertebrate central nervous system. Embryonic RA first appears in the posterior region of the gastrulating embryo up to the node level, where it may signal within the adjacent epiblast and/or newly induced neural plate to induce a hindbrain and spinal cord fate. Conversely, rostral head development requires forebrain-inducing signals produced by the anterior visceral endoderm and/or prechordal mesoderm, and there is evidence that RA receptors must be in an unliganded state to ensure proper head development. As RA is a diffusible lipophilic molecule, some mechanism(s) must therefore have evolved to prevent activation of RA targets in anterior regions of the embryo. This might result from RA catabolism mediated by the CYP26A1 oxidizing enzyme, which is transiently expressed in anteriormost embryonic tissues; however, previous analysis of Cyp26a1(-/-) mouse mutants did not clearly support this hypothesis. Here we show that Cyp26a1(-/-) null mutants undergo head truncations when exposed to maternally-derived RA, at doses that do not affect wild-type head development. These anomalies are linked to a widespread ectopic RA signaling activity in rostral head tissues of CYP26A1-deficient embryos. Thus, CYP26A1 is required in the anterior region of the gastrulating mouse embryo to prevent teratological effects that may result from RA signaling. We also report a novel role of CYP26A1 during early development of the intra- and extra-embryonic vascular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribes
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, BP 10142, Illkirch, France
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Ribes V, Otto DME, Dickmann L, Schmidt K, Schuhbaur B, Henderson C, Blomhoff R, Wolf CR, Tickle C, Dollé P. Rescue of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (Por) mouse mutants reveals functions in vasculogenesis, brain and limb patterning linked to retinoic acid homeostasis. Dev Biol 2006; 303:66-81. [PMID: 17126317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2006] [Revised: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) acts as an electron donor for all cytochrome P450 enzymes. Knockout mouse Por(-/-) mutants, which are early embryonic (E9.5) lethal, have been found to have overall elevated retinoic acid (RA) levels, leading to the idea that POR early developmental function is mainly linked to the activity of the CYP26 RA-metabolizing enzymes (Otto et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 6103-6116). By crossing Por mutants with a RA-reporter lacZ transgene, we show that Por(-/-) embryos exhibit both elevated and ectopic RA signaling activity e.g. in cephalic and caudal tissues. Two strategies were used to functionally demonstrate that decreasing retinoid levels can reverse Por(-/-) phenotypic defects, (i) by culturing Por(-/-) embryos in defined serum-free medium, and (ii) by generating compound mutants defective in RA synthesis due to haploinsufficiency of the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Raldh2) gene. Both approaches clearly improved the Por(-/-) early phenotype, the latter allowing mutants to be recovered up until E13.5. Abnormal brain patterning, with posteriorization of hindbrain cell fates and defective mid- and forebrain development and vascular defects were rescued in E9.5 Por(-/-) embryos. E13.5 Por(-/-); Raldh2(+/-) embryos exhibited abdominal/caudal and limb defects that strikingly phenocopy those of Cyp26a1(-/-) and Cyp26b1(-/-) mutants, respectively. Por(-/-); Raldh2(+/-) limb buds were truncated and proximalized and the anterior-posterior patterning system was not established. Thus, POR function is indispensable for the proper regulation of RA levels and tissue distribution not only during early embryonic development but also in later morphogenesis and molecular patterning of the brain, abdominal/caudal region and limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribes
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 du CNRS, U. 596 de l'INSERM, Université Louis Pasteur, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, CU de Strasbourg, France
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Chotteau-Lelièvre A, Dollé P, Gofflot F. Expression analysis of murine genes using in situ hybridization with radioactive and nonradioactively labeled RNA probes. Methods Mol Biol 2006; 326:61-87. [PMID: 16780194 DOI: 10.1385/1-59745-007-3:61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The term in situ hybridization (ISH) refers to all methods allowing the detection of specific DNA (gene loci) or RNA (gene expression products) sequences, using molecular hybridization (base pairing) of labeled nucleic acid probes to target molecules within "intact" cell populations in tissue sections or whole organisms, cultured cells, or chromosomal spreads. For more than two decades, ISH has been one of the main approaches used to characterize gene expression patterns in all laboratory animal models, especially in the context of embryonic development, as well as in human tissue or cell samples for both research and diagnostic purposes. Here, we describe several ISH protocols applied to the analysis of mouse embryos and tissues; this organism has become a reference for mammalian experimental genetics. These protocols use in vitro transcribed RNAs as probes for detection. Radiolabeled probes (using 35S as a radioisotope) allow sensitive ISH on sections of paraffin-embedded material, whereas nonradioactively (digoxigenin) labeled probes can be used both for hybridization of whole embryos (whole-mount ISH) and frozen tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chotteau-Lelièvre
- Institute de Biologie de Lille, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Lille, France
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Cartry J, Nichane M, Ribes V, Colas A, Riou JF, Pieler T, Dollé P, Bellefroid EJ, Umbhauer M. Retinoic acid signalling is required for specification of pronephric cell fate. Dev Biol 2006; 299:35-51. [PMID: 16979153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which a subset of mesodermal cells are committed to a nephrogenic fate are largely unknown. In this study, we have investigated the role of retinoic acid (RA) signalling in this process using Xenopus laevis as a model system and Raldh2 knockout mice. Pronephros formation in Xenopus embryo is severely impaired when RA signalling is inhibited either through expression of a dominant-negative RA receptor, or by expressing the RA-catabolizing enzyme XCyp26 or through treatment with chemical inhibitors. Conversely, ectopic RA signalling expands the size of the pronephros. Using a transplantation assay that inhibits RA signalling specifically in pronephric precursors, we demonstrate that this signalling is required within this cell population. Timed antagonist treatments show that RA signalling is required during gastrulation for expression of Xlim-1 and XPax-8 in pronephric precursors. Moreover, experiments conducted with a protein synthesis inhibitor indicate that RA may directly regulate Xlim-1. Raldh2 knockout mouse embryos fail to initiate the expression of early kidney-specific genes, suggesting that implication of RA signalling in the early steps of kidney formation is evolutionary conserved in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Cartry
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, équipe Signalisation et Morphogenèse, UMR CNRS 7622, Université Paris VI, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
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Vermot J, Garnier JM, Dierich A, Niederreither K, Harvey RP, Chambon P, Dollé P. Conditional (loxP-flanked) allele for the gene encoding the retinoic acid-synthesizing enzyme retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2). Genesis 2006; 44:155-8. [PMID: 16496350 DOI: 10.1002/gene.20195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid, the active vitamin A derivative, has pleiotropic functions during vertebrate development and postnatal life. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) acts as the main retinoic acid-synthesizing enzyme during development. Mouse Raldh2 germline null mutants are early embryonic lethal and exhibit complex abnormalities that include defective heart looping morphogenesis. To investigate later functions of this enzyme, we have engineered a "floxed" (loxP-flanked) allele allowing Cre-mediated somatic gene inactivations. Mice heterozygous or homozygous for the floxed Raldh2 allele are viable and fertile. We tested whether the novel Raldh2 allele behaves as a null mutation after Cre-mediated in vivo excision by crossing the conditional mutants with CMV-Cre transgenic mice. An embryonic lethal phenotype indistinguishable from that of germline mutants was obtained. The conditional allele described herein is a genetic tool for studying tissue-specific, RALDH2-dependent functions of retinoic acid during development and in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7104 du CNRS, U. 596 de l'INSERM, Université Louis Pasteur, CU de Strasbourg, France
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