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Alves CRR, Neves WD, de Almeida NR, Eichelberger EJ, Jannig PR, Voltarelli VA, Tobias GC, Bechara LRG, de Paula Faria D, Alves MJN, Hagen L, Sharma A, Slupphaug G, Moreira JBN, Wisloff U, Hirshman MF, Negrão CE, de Castro G, Chammas R, Swoboda KJ, Ruas JL, Goodyear LJ, Brum PC. Exercise training reverses cancer-induced oxidative stress and decrease in muscle COPS2/TRIP15/ALIEN. Mol Metab 2020; 39:101012. [PMID: 32408015 PMCID: PMC7283151 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that exercise training would attenuate metabolic impairment in a model of severe cancer cachexia. METHODS We used multiple in vivo and in vitro methods to explore the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects induced by exercise training in tumor-bearing rats. RESULTS Exercise training improved running capacity, prolonged lifespan, reduced oxidative stress, and normalized muscle mass and contractile function in tumor-bearing rats. An unbiased proteomic screening revealed COP9 signalosome complex subunit 2 (COPS2) as one of the most downregulated proteins in skeletal muscle at the early stage of cancer cachexia. Exercise training normalized muscle COPS2 protein expression in tumor-bearing rats and mice. Lung cancer patients with low endurance capacity had low muscle COPS2 protein expression as compared to age-matched control subjects. To test whether decrease in COPS2 protein levels could aggravate or be an intrinsic compensatory mechanism to protect myotubes from cancer effects, we performed experiments in vitro using primary myotubes. COPS2 knockdown in human myotubes affected multiple cellular pathways, including regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Incubation of cancer-conditioned media in mouse myotubes decreased F-actin expression, which was partially restored by COPS2 knockdown. Direct repeat 4 (DR4) response elements have been shown to positively regulate gene expression. COPS2 overexpression decreased the DR4 activity in mouse myoblasts, and COPS2 knockdown inhibited the effects of cancer-conditioned media on DR4 activity. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrated that exercise training may be an important adjuvant therapy to counteract cancer cachexia and uncovered novel mechanisms involving COPS2 to regulate myotube homeostasis in cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiano R R Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Willian das Neves
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas HC FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ney R de Almeida
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric J Eichelberger
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel C Tobias
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R G Bechara
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Paula Faria
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria J N Alves
- Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lars Hagen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Animesh Sharma
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Geir Slupphaug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - José B N Moreira
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisloff
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos E Negrão
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas HC FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kathryn J Swoboda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Sun YL, Li TK, Li CS, Lü SG, Wang L, Lu XH. [Effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway during endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in neonate rats]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:453-7. [PMID: 30786341 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway during endotoxin-induced acute lung injury(ALI) in neonate rats. Methods: Forty 7-day-old Wistar rats weighing 12-18 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10) using a random number table: normal saline group(NS group), acute lung injury(ALI group), penehyclidine hydrochloride group(PHC group) and penehyclidine hydrochloride+ Nrf2 siRNA plasmid group(PNS group). The ALI model was induced with intraperitoneal endotoxin (5.0 mg/kg) in groups ALI, PHC and PNS. In groups PHC and PNS, penehyclidine hydrochloride (2.0 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 1 h before ALI respectively, while the equal volume of normal saline was administered in groups NS and ALI. The animal of PNS group were inhaled adenovirus packaging of Nrf2-siRNA three times (one time a day) before modeling. At 4 h after endotoxin injection, the rats were sacrificed. The lungs were collected to determine the wet/dry(W/D) lung weight ratio. The expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygen and enzyme 1(HO-1) were determined by Western blotting, contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin10 (IL-10)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The cell apoptosis were determined by transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL),and the apoptotic index was calculated. Results: The W/D ratio in NS, ALI, PHC and PNS groups were (4.2±0.1), (9.6±0.7), (6.5±0.6), (8.3±1.3) respectively. The apoptotic index were (3.7±0.5)%, (31.5±3.2)%, (17.6±4.2)%, (28.1±3.5)%respectively.The contents of TNF-α were (10.3±1.6), (98.5±8.5), (68.5±6.7), (89.9±8.5) pg/ml respectively. The contents of IL-10 were (7.9±0.6), (102.8±9.3), (72.5±5.8), (97.7±9.1) pg/ml respectively.The expression of Nrf2 were (23.2±7.6), (79.8±13.0), (155.5±16.7), (12.0±3.3) respectively. The expression of HO-1 were (31.7±8.6), (90.8±10.3), (147.6±22.5), (61.4±9.7) respectively. There were statistically significant differences among different groups (F=86.013, 154.897, 328.810, 374.198, 333.965, 125.274, all P<0.05). Compared with group NS, the W/D ratio, apoptotic index and the contents of TNF-α, IL-10 increased, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 up-regulated in group ALI and group PHC (all P<0.05). Compared with group ALI, the W/D ratio, apoptotic index and the contents of TNF-α, IL-10 decreased, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 up-regulated in group PHC (all P<0.05). Compared with group ALI, no significant differences were found in the W/D ratio, apoptotic index and the contents of TNF-α, IL-10 in group PNS(all P>0.05), while the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 down-regulated in group PNS (all P<0.05). Compared with group PHC, the W/D ratio,apoptotic index and the contents of TNF-α,IL-10 increased, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 down-regulated in group PNS (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway is involved in the reduction of ALI by penehyclidine hydrochloride in neonate rats.
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Boudjadi S, Beaulieu JF. In silico Analysis and Site-directed Mutagenesis of Promoters. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:2181. [PMID: 34458481 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In normal as in cancerous cells, gene expression is tightly regulated by transcription factors, which are responsible for up- or down-regulation of thousands of targets involved in different cell processes. Transcription factors can directly regulate the expression of genes by binding to specific DNA sequences known as response elements. Identification of these response elements is important to characterize targets of transcription factors in order to understand their contribution to gene regulation. Here, we describe in silico analysis coupled to selected mutagenesis and promoter gene reporter assay procedures to identify and analyze response elements in the proximal promoter sequence of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Boudjadi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Niewiadomska-Cimicka A, Krzyżosiak A, Ye T, Podleśny-Drabiniok A, Dembélé D, Dollé P, Krężel W. Genome-wide Analysis of RARβ Transcriptional Targets in Mouse Striatum Links Retinoic Acid Signaling with Huntington's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3859-3878. [PMID: 27405468 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) signaling through retinoic acid receptors (RARs), known for its multiple developmental functions, emerged more recently as an important regulator of adult brain physiology. How RAR-mediated regulation is achieved is poorly known, partly due to the paucity of information on critical target genes in the brain. Also, it is not clear how reduced RA signaling may contribute to pathophysiology of diverse neuropsychiatric disorders. We report the first genome-wide analysis of RAR transcriptional targets in the brain. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing and transcriptomic analysis of RARβ-null mutant mice, we identified genomic targets of RARβ in the striatum. Characterization of RARβ transcriptional targets in the mouse striatum points to mechanisms through which RAR may control brain functions and display neuroprotective activity. Namely, our data indicate with statistical significance (FDR 0.1) a strong contribution of RARβ in controlling neurotransmission, energy metabolism, and transcription, with a particular involvement of G-protein coupled receptor (p = 5.0e-5), cAMP (p = 4.5e-4), and calcium signaling (p = 3.4e-3). Many identified RARβ target genes related to these pathways have been implicated in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease (HD), raising the possibility that compromised RA signaling in the striatum may be a mechanistic link explaining the similar affective and cognitive symptoms in these diseases. The RARβ transcriptional targets were particularly enriched for transcripts affected in HD. Using the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD, we show that partial sequestration of RARβ in huntingtin protein aggregates may account for reduced RA signaling reported in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Niewiadomska-Cimicka
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Krzyżosiak
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, CB2 0QH, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tao Ye
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Doulaye Dembélé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
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Abstract
Southwestern blotting is a technique used to study DNA-protein interactions. This method detects specific DNA-binding proteins by incubating radiolabeled DNA with a gel blot, washing, and visualizing through autoradiography. A blot resulting from 1-dimensional SDS-PAGE reveals the molecular weight of the binding proteins. To increase separation and determine isoelectric point a 2-dimensional gel can be blotted. Additional dimensions of electrophoresis, such as a gel shift (EMSA), can precede isoelectric focusing and SDS-PAGE to further improve separation. Combined with other techniques, such as mass spectrometry, the DNA-binding protein can be identified.
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