1
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Ducommun S, Jannig PR, Cervenka I, Murgia M, Mittenbühler MJ, Chernogubova E, Dias JM, Jude B, Correia JC, Van Vranken JG, Ocana-Santero G, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, McCann Haworth S, Martínez-Redondo V, Liu Z, Carlström M, Mann M, Lanner JT, Teixeira AI, Maegdefessel L, Spiegelman BM, Ruas JL. Mustn1 is a smooth muscle cell-secreted microprotein that modulates skeletal muscle extracellular matrix composition. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101912. [PMID: 38458566 PMCID: PMC10950823 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal muscle plasticity and remodeling are critical for adapting tissue function to use, disuse, and regeneration. The aim of this study was to identify genes and molecular pathways that regulate the transition from atrophy to compensatory hypertrophy or recovery from injury. Here, we have used a mouse model of hindlimb unloading and reloading, which causes skeletal muscle atrophy, and compensatory regeneration and hypertrophy, respectively. METHODS We analyzed mouse skeletal muscle at the transition from hindlimb unloading to reloading for changes in transcriptome and extracellular fluid proteome. We then used qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data to determine Mustn1 gene and protein expression, including changes in gene expression in mouse and human skeletal muscle with different challenges such as exercise and muscle injury. We generated Mustn1-deficient genetic mouse models and characterized them in vivo and ex vivo with regard to muscle function and whole-body metabolism. We isolated smooth muscle cells and functionally characterized them, and performed transcriptomics and proteomics analysis of skeletal muscle and aorta of Mustn1-deficient mice. RESULTS We show that Mustn1 (Musculoskeletal embryonic nuclear protein 1, also known as Mustang) is highly expressed in skeletal muscle during the early stages of hindlimb reloading. Mustn1 expression is transiently elevated in mouse and human skeletal muscle in response to intense exercise, resistance exercise, or injury. We find that Mustn1 expression is highest in smooth muscle-rich tissues, followed by skeletal muscle fibers. Muscle from heterozygous Mustn1-deficient mice exhibit differences in gene expression related to extracellular matrix and cell adhesion, compared to wild-type littermates. Mustn1-deficient mice have normal muscle and aorta function and whole-body glucose metabolism. We show that Mustn1 is secreted from smooth muscle cells, and that it is present in arterioles of the muscle microvasculature and in muscle extracellular fluid, particularly during the hindlimb reloading phase. Proteomics analysis of muscle from Mustn1-deficient mice confirms differences in extracellular matrix composition, and female mice display higher collagen content after chemically induced muscle injury compared to wild-type littermates. CONCLUSIONS We show that, in addition to its previously reported intracellular localization, Mustn1 is a microprotein secreted from smooth muscle cells into the muscle extracellular space. We explore its role in muscle ECM deposition and remodeling in homeostasis and upon muscle injury. The role of Mustn1 in fibrosis and immune infiltration upon muscle injury and dystrophies remains to be investigated, as does its potential for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ducommun
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marta Murgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Melanie J Mittenbühler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ekaterina Chernogubova
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José M Dias
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Nanomedicine and Spatial Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baptiste Jude
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Gabriel Ocana-Santero
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margareta Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah McCann Haworth
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhengye Liu
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana I Teixeira
- Nanomedicine and Spatial Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Molecular Vascular Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology and Stanley and Judith Frankel Institute for Heart & Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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2
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Nunes MJ, Carvalho AN, Sá-Lemos C, Colaço M, Cervenka I, Ciraci V, Santos SG, Ribeiro MM, Castanheira M, Jannig PR, Gama MJ, Castro-Caldas M, Rodrigues CMP, Rodrigues E, Ruas JL. Sustained PGC-1α2 or PGC-1α3 expression induces astrocyte dysfunction and degeneration. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151377. [PMID: 38006841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) transcriptional coactivators are key regulators of energy metabolism-related genes and are expressed in energy-demanding tissues. There are several PGC-1α variants with different biological functions in different tissues. The brain is one of the tissues where the role of PGC-1α isoforms remains less explored. Here, we used a toxin-based mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) and observed that the expression levels of variants PGC-1α2 and PGC-1α3 in the nigrostriatal pathway increases at the onset of dopaminergic cell degeneration. This increase occurs concomitant with an increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. Since PGC-1α coactivators regulate cellular adaptive responses, we hypothesized that they could be involved in the modulation of astrogliosis induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Therefore, we analysed the transcriptome of astrocytes transduced with expression vectors encoding PGC-1α1 to 1α4 by massively parallel sequencing (RNA-seq) and identified the main cellular pathways controlled by these isoforms. Interestingly, in reactive astrocytes the inflammatory and antioxidant responses, adhesion, migration, and viability were altered by PGC-1α2 and PGC-1α3, showing that sustained expression of these isoforms induces astrocyte dysfunction and degeneration. This work highlights PGC-1α isoforms as modulators of astrocyte reactivity and as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A N Carvalho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Sá-Lemos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Colaço
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Ciraci
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S G Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M M Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Castanheira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M J Gama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Castro-Caldas
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - C M P Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J L Ruas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.
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3
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Caria I, Nunes MJ, Ciraci V, Carvalho AN, Ranito C, Santos SG, Gama MJ, Castro-Caldas M, Rodrigues CMP, Ruas JL, Rodrigues E. NPC1-like phenotype, with intracellular cholesterol accumulation and altered mTORC1 signaling in models of Parkinson's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166980. [PMID: 38061599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of brain cholesterol homeostasis has been implicated in neurodegeneration. Nevertheless, the role of cholesterol in Parkinson's Disease (PD) remains unclear. We have used N2a mouse neuroblastoma cells and primary cultures of mouse neurons and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a known mitochondrial complex I inhibitor and the toxic metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), known to trigger a cascade of events associated with PD neuropathological features. Simultaneously, we utilized other mitochondrial toxins, including antimycin A, oligomycin, and carbonyl cyanide chlorophenylhydrazone. MPP+ treatment resulted in elevated levels of total cholesterol and in a Niemann Pick type C1 (NPC1)-like phenotype characterized by accumulation of cholesterol in lysosomes. Interestingly, NPC1 mRNA levels were specifically reduced by MPP+. The decrease in NPC1 levels was also seen in midbrain and striatum from MPTP-treated mice and in primary cultures of neurons treated with MPP+. Together with the MPP+-dependent increase in intracellular cholesterol levels in N2a cells, we observed an increase in 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and a concomitant increase in the phosphorylated levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). NPC1 knockout delayed cell death induced by acute mitochondrial damage, suggesting that transient cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes could be a protective mechanism against MPTP/MPP+ insult. Interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between NPC1 protein levels and disease stage, in human PD brain samples. In summary, MPP+ decreases NPC1 levels, elevates lysosomal cholesterol accumulation and alters mTOR signaling, adding to the existing notion that PD may rise from alterations in mitochondrial-lysosomal communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Caria
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Nunes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Viviana Ciraci
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Neves Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Ranito
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana G Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Gama
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Castro-Caldas
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elsa Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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4
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Spratt J, Dias JM, Kolonelou C, Kiriako G, Engström E, Petrova E, Karampelias C, Cervenka I, Papanicolaou N, Lentini A, Reinius B, Andersson O, Ambrosetti E, Ruas JL, Teixeira AI. Multivalent insulin receptor activation using insulin-DNA origami nanostructures. Nat Nanotechnol 2024; 19:237-245. [PMID: 37813939 PMCID: PMC10873203 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Insulin binds the insulin receptor (IR) and regulates anabolic processes in target tissues. Impaired IR signalling is associated with multiple diseases, including diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. IRs have been reported to form nanoclusters at the cell membrane in several cell types, even in the absence of insulin binding. Here we exploit the nanoscale spatial organization of the IR to achieve controlled multivalent receptor activation. To control insulin nanoscale spatial organization and valency, we developed rod-like insulin-DNA origami nanostructures carrying different numbers of insulin molecules with defined spacings. Increasing the insulin valency per nanostructure markedly extended the residence time of insulin-DNA origami nanostructures at the receptors. Both insulin valency and spacing affected the levels of IR activation in adipocytes. Moreover, the multivalent insulin design associated with the highest levels of IR activation also induced insulin-mediated transcriptional responses more effectively than the corresponding monovalent insulin nanostructures. In an in vivo zebrafish model of diabetes, treatment with multivalent-but not monovalent-insulin nanostructures elicited a reduction in glucose levels. Our results show that the control of insulin multivalency and spatial organization with nanoscale precision modulates the IR responses, independent of the insulin concentration. Therefore, we propose insulin nanoscale organization as a design parameter in developing new insulin therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Spratt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José M Dias
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Kolonelou
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georges Kiriako
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Enya Engström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Petrova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christos Karampelias
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natali Papanicolaou
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Lentini
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Reinius
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olov Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Ambrosetti
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana I Teixeira
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Correia JC, Jannig PR, Gosztyla ML, Cervenka I, Ducommun S, Præstholm SM, Dumont K, Liu Z, Liang Q, Edsgärd D, Emanuelsson O, Gregorevic P, Westerblad H, Venckunas T, Brazaitis M, Kamandulis S, Lanner JT, Yeo GW, Ruas JL. Zfp697 is an RNA-binding protein that regulates skeletal muscle inflammation and regeneration. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.12.544338. [PMID: 37398033 PMCID: PMC10312635 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Muscular atrophy is a mortality risk factor that happens with disuse, chronic disease, and aging. Recovery from atrophy requires changes in several cell types including muscle fibers, and satellite and immune cells. Here we show that Zfp697/ZNF697 is a damage-induced regulator of muscle regeneration, during which its expression is transiently elevated. Conversely, sustained Zfp697 expression in mouse muscle leads to a gene expression signature of chemokine secretion, immune cell recruitment, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Myofiber-specific Zfp697 ablation hinders the inflammatory and regenerative response to muscle injury, compromising functional recovery. We uncover Zfp697 as an essential interferon gamma mediator in muscle cells, interacting primarily with ncRNAs such as the pro-regenerative miR-206. In sum, we identify Zfp697 as an integrator of cell-cell communication necessary for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C. Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R. Jannig
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maya L. Gosztyla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serge Ducommun
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stine M. Præstholm
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kyle Dumont
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhengye Liu
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska Institutet. SE-171 77, Stockholm. Sweden
| | - Qishan Liang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Edsgärd
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Biotechnology, Chemistry and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Emanuelsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Biotechnology, Chemistry and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Muscle Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Kamandulis
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Johanna T. Lanner
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska Institutet. SE-171 77, Stockholm. Sweden
| | - Gene W. Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jorge L. Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska. SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Luo Q, Pui HP, Chen J, Yu L, Jannig PR, Pei Y, Zhao L, Chen X, Petropoulos S, Ruas JL, Wu J, Deng Q. Epiblast-like stem cells established by Wnt/β-catenin signaling manifest distinct features of formative pluripotency and germline competence. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112021. [PMID: 36848234 PMCID: PMC10026833 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Different formative pluripotent stem cells harboring similar functional properties have been recently established to be lineage neutral and germline competent yet have distinct molecular identities. Here, we show that WNT/β-catenin signaling activation sustains transient mouse epiblast-like cells as epiblast-like stem cells (EpiLSCs). EpiLSCs display metastable formative pluripotency with bivalent cellular energy metabolism and unique transcriptomic features and chromatin accessibility. We develop single-cell stage label transfer (scSTALT) to study the formative pluripotency continuum and reveal that EpiLSCs recapitulate a unique developmental period in vivo, filling the gap of the formative pluripotency continuum between other published formative stem cells. WNT/β-catenin signaling activation counteracts differentiation effects of activin A and bFGF by preventing complete dissolution of naive pluripotency regulatory network. Moreover, EpiLSCs have direct competence toward germline specification, which is further matured by an FGF receptor inhibitor. Our EpiLSCs can serve as an in vitro model for mimicking and studying early post-implantation development and pluripotency transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han-Pin Pui
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China; Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Leqian Yu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Pei
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linxuan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xingqi Chen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sophie Petropoulos
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUM, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qiaolin Deng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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7
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Li S, Li W, Yuan J, Bullova P, Wu J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Plescher M, Rodriguez J, Bedoya-Reina OC, Jannig PR, Valente-Silva P, Yu M, Henriksson MA, Zubarev RA, Smed-Sörensen A, Suzuki CK, Ruas JL, Holmberg J, Larsson C, Christofer Juhlin C, von Kriegsheim A, Cao Y, Schlisio S. Publisher Correction: Impaired oxygen-sensitive regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis within the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1421. [PMID: 36076077 PMCID: PMC9584813 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuijie Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Wenyu Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Bullova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monika Plescher
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Rodriguez
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oscar C Bedoya-Reina
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Valente-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Roman A Zubarev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolyn K Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Holmberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Catharina Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Christofer Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Schlisio
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Schihada H, Klompstra TM, Humphrys LJ, Cervenka I, Dadvar S, Kolb P, Ruas JL, Schulte G. Isoforms of GPR35 have distinct extracellular N-termini that allosterically modify receptor-transducer coupling and mediate intracellular pathway bias. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102328. [PMID: 35933013 PMCID: PMC9450150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the intestine, the human G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) GPR35 is involved in oncogenic signaling, bacterial infections, and inflammatory bowel disease. GPR35 is known to be expressed as two distinct isoforms that differ only in the length of their extracellular N-termini by 31 amino acids, but detailed insights into their functional differences are lacking. Through gene expression analysis in immune and gastrointestinal cells, we show that these isoforms emerge from distinct promoter usage and alternative splicing. Additionally, we employed optical assays in living cells to thoroughly profile both GPR35 isoforms for constitutive and ligand-induced activation and signaling of 10 different heterotrimeric G proteins, ligand-induced arrestin recruitment, and receptor internalization. Our results reveal that the extended N-terminus of the long isoform limits G protein activation yet elevates receptor–β-arrestin interaction. To better understand the structural basis for this bias, we examined structural models of GPR35 and conducted experiments with mutants of both isoforms. We found that a proposed disulfide bridge between the N-terminus and extracellular loop 3, present in both isoforms, is crucial for constitutive G13 activation, while an additional cysteine contributed by the extended N-terminus of the long GPR35 isoform limits the extent of agonist-induced receptor–β-arrestin2 interaction. The pharmacological profiles and mechanistic insights of our study provide clues for the future design of isoform-specific GPR35 ligands that selectively modulate GPR35–transducer interactions and allow for mechanism-based therapies against, for example, inflammatory bowel disease or bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Schihada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas M Klompstra
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura J Humphrys
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shamim Dadvar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Schulte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Li S, Li W, Yuan J, Bullova P, Wu J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Plescher M, Rodriguez J, Bedoya-Reina OC, Jannig PR, Valente-Silva P, Yu M, Henriksson MA, Zubarev RA, Smed-Sörensen A, Suzuki CK, Ruas JL, Holmberg J, Larsson C, Christofer Juhlin C, von Kriegsheim A, Cao Y, Schlisio S. Impaired oxygen-sensitive regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis within the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Nat Metab 2022; 4:739-758. [PMID: 35760869 PMCID: PMC9236906 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main consumers of oxygen within the cell. How mitochondria sense oxygen levels remains unknown. Here we show an oxygen-sensitive regulation of TFAM, an activator of mitochondrial transcription and replication, whose alteration is linked to tumours arising in the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. TFAM is hydroxylated by EGLN3 and subsequently bound by the von Hippel-Lindau tumour-suppressor protein, which stabilizes TFAM by preventing mitochondrial proteolysis. Cells lacking wild-type VHL or in which EGLN3 is inactivated have reduced mitochondrial mass. Tumorigenic VHL variants leading to different clinical manifestations fail to bind hydroxylated TFAM. In contrast, cells harbouring the Chuvash polycythaemia VHLR200W mutation, involved in hypoxia-sensing disorders without tumour development, are capable of binding hydroxylated TFAM. Accordingly, VHL-related tumours, such as pheochromocytoma and renal cell carcinoma cells, display low mitochondrial content, suggesting that impaired mitochondrial biogenesis is linked to VHL tumorigenesis. Finally, inhibiting proteolysis by targeting LONP1 increases mitochondrial content in VHL-deficient cells and sensitizes therapy-resistant tumours to sorafenib treatment. Our results offer pharmacological avenues to sensitize therapy-resistant VHL tumours by focusing on the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuijie Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Wenyu Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Bullova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monika Plescher
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Rodriguez
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oscar C Bedoya-Reina
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Valente-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Roman A Zubarev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolyn K Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Holmberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Catharina Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Christofer Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Schlisio
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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10
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Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (Ppargc1a) gene encodes several PGC-1α isoforms that regulate mitochondrial bioenergetics and cellular adaptive processes. Expressing specific PGC-1α isoforms in mice can confer protection in different disease models. This SnapShot summarizes how regulation of Ppargc1a transcription, splicing, translation, protein stability, and activity underlies its multifaceted functions. To view this SnapShot, open or download the PDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Phillip A Dumesic
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Ilegems E, Bryzgalova G, Correia J, Yesildag B, Berra E, Ruas JL, Pereira TS, Berggren PO. HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 preserves pancreatic β cell function in diabetes. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eaba9112. [PMID: 35353540 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba9112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
During progression of type 2 diabetes, pancreatic β cells are subjected to sustained metabolic overload. We postulated that this state mediates a hypoxic phenotype driven by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and that treatment with the HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 would improve β cell function. Our studies showed that the HIF-1α protein was present in pancreatic β cells of diabetic mouse models. In mouse islets with high glucose metabolism, the emergence of intracellular Ca2+ oscillations at low glucose concentration and the abnormally high basal release of insulin were suppressed by treatment with the HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478, indicating improvement of β cell function. Treatment of db/db mice with PX-478 prevented the rise of glycemia and diabetes progression by maintenance of elevated plasma insulin concentration. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, PX-478 improved the recovery of glucose homeostasis. Islets isolated from these mice showed hallmarks of improved β cell function including elevation of insulin content, increased expression of genes involved in β cell function and maturity, inhibition of dedifferentiation markers, and formation of mature insulin granules. In response to PX-478 treatment, human islet organoids chronically exposed to high glucose presented improved stimulation index of glucose-induced insulin secretion. These results suggest that the HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 has the potential to act as an antidiabetic therapeutic agent that preserves β cell function under metabolic overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Ilegems
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Galyna Bryzgalova
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Edurne Berra
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teresa S Pereira
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Novena Campus, 308232 Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, BT52 1SA Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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12
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Jonsson WO, Ponette J, Horwath O, Rydenstam T, Söderlund K, Ekblom B, Azzolini M, Ruas JL, Blomstrand E. Changes in plasma concentration of kynurenine following intake of branched-chain amino acids are not caused by alterations in muscle kynurenine metabolism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 322:C49-C62. [PMID: 34817270 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00285.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Administration of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) has been suggested to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis, including levels of PGC-1α, which may, in turn, alter kynurenine metabolism. Ten healthy subjects performed 60 min of dynamic one-leg exercise at ~70% of Wmax on two occasions. They were in random order supplied either a mixture of BCAA or flavored water (placebo) during the experiment. Blood samples were collected during exercise and recovery, and muscle biopsies were taken from both legs before, after and 90 and 180 min following exercise. Ingestion of BCAA doubled their concentration in both plasma and muscle while causing a 30-40% reduction (P<0.05 vs. placebo) in levels of aromatic amino acids in both resting and exercising muscle during 3-h recovery. The muscle concentration of kynurenine decreased by 25% (P<0.05) during recovery, similar in both resting and exercising leg and with both supplements, although plasma concentration of kynurenine during recovery was 10% lower (P<0.05) when BCAA were ingested. Ingestion of BCAA reduced the plasma concentration of kynurenic acid by 60% (P<0.01) during exercise and recovery, while the level remained unchanged with placebo. Exercise induced a 3-4-fold increase (P<0.05) in muscle content of PGC-1a1 mRNA after 90 min of recovery under both conditions, whereas levels of KAT4 mRNA and protein were unaffected by exercise or supplement. In conclusion, the reduction of plasma levels of kynurenine and kynurenic acid caused by BCAA were not associated with any changes in the level of muscle kynurenine, suggesting that kynurenine metabolism was altered in tissues other than muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O Jonsson
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Ponette
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Horwath
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Rydenstam
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Söderlund
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Ekblom
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Blomstrand
- Department of Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Liu Z, Chaillou T, Santos Alves E, Mader T, Jude B, Ferreira DMS, Hynynen H, Cheng AJ, Jonsson WO, Pironti G, Andersson DC, Kenne E, Ruas JL, Tavi P, Lanner JT. Mitochondrial NDUFA4L2 is a novel regulator of skeletal muscle mass and force. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22010. [PMID: 34724256 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100066r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 4-like 2 (NDUFA4L2) has been demonstrated to decrease oxidative phosphorylation and production of reactive oxygen species in neonatal cardiomyocytes, brain tissue and hypoxic domains of cancer cells. Prolonged local hypoxia can negatively affect skeletal muscle size and tissue oxidative capacity. Although skeletal muscle is a mitochondrial rich, oxygen sensitive tissue, the role of NDUFA4L2 in skeletal muscle has not previously been investigated. Here we ectopically expressed NDUFA4L2 in mouse skeletal muscles using adenovirus-mediated expression and in vivo electroporation. Moreover, femoral artery ligation (FAL) was used as a model of peripheral vascular disease to induce hind limb ischemia and muscle damage. Ectopic NDUFA4L2 expression resulted in reduced mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species followed by lowered AMP, ADP, ATP, and NAD+ levels without affecting the overall protein content of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Furthermore, ectopically expressed NDUFA4L2 caused a ~20% reduction in muscle mass that resulted in weaker muscles. The loss of muscle mass was associated with increased gene expression of atrogenes MurF1 and Mul1, and apoptotic genes caspase 3 and Bax. Finally, we showed that NDUFA4L2 was induced by FAL and that the Ndufa4l2 mRNA expression correlated with the reduced capacity of the muscle to generate force after the ischemic insult. These results show, for the first time, that mitochondrial NDUFA4L2 is a novel regulator of skeletal muscle mass and force. Specifically, induced NDUFA4L2 reduces mitochondrial activity leading to lower levels of important intramuscular metabolites, including adenine nucleotides and NAD+ , which are hallmarks of mitochondrial dysfunction and hence shows that dysfunctional mitochondrial activity may drive muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengye Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Chaillou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Estela Santos Alves
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theresa Mader
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baptiste Jude
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heidi Hynynen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William O Jonsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianluigi Pironti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel C Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Heart, Vascular and Neurology Theme, Cardiology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellinor Kenne
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Correia JC, Kelahmetoglu Y, Jannig PR, Schweingruber C, Shvaikovskaya D, Zhengye L, Cervenka I, Khan N, Stec M, Oliveira M, Nijssen J, Martínez-Redondo V, Ducommun S, Azzolini M, Lanner JT, Kleiner S, Hedlund E, Ruas JL. Muscle-secreted neurturin couples myofiber oxidative metabolism and slow motor neuron identity. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2215-2230.e8. [PMID: 34592133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Endurance exercise promotes skeletal muscle vascularization, oxidative metabolism, fiber-type switching, and neuromuscular junction integrity. Importantly, the metabolic and contractile properties of the muscle fiber must be coupled to the identity of the innervating motor neuron (MN). Here, we show that muscle-derived neurturin (NRTN) acts on muscle fibers and MNs to couple their characteristics. Using a muscle-specific NRTN transgenic mouse (HSA-NRTN) and RNA sequencing of MN somas, we observed that retrograde NRTN signaling promotes a shift toward a slow MN identity. In muscle, NRTN increased capillary density and oxidative capacity and induced a transcriptional reprograming favoring fatty acid metabolism over glycolysis. This combination of effects on muscle and MNs makes HSA-NRTN mice lean with remarkable exercise performance and motor coordination. Interestingly, HSA-NRTN mice largely recapitulate the phenotype of mice with muscle-specific expression of its upstream regulator PGC-1ɑ1. This work identifies NRTN as a myokine that couples muscle oxidative capacity to slow MN identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yildiz Kelahmetoglu
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Schweingruber
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dasha Shvaikovskaya
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liu Zhengye
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Naveen Khan
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10 591, USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10 591, USA
| | - Mariana Oliveira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jik Nijssen
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serge Ducommun
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Hedlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Joisten N, Ruas JL, Braidy N, Guillemin GJ, Zimmer P. The kynurenine pathway in chronic diseases: a compensatory mechanism or a driving force? Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:946-954. [PMID: 34373202 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The kynurenine (KYN) pathway (KP) of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism is dysregulated in inflammation-driven pathologies including oncological and brain diseases [e.g., multiple sclerosis (MS), depression] and thus is a promising therapeutic target. Both pathological and compensatory mechanisms underlie disease-associated KP activation. There is growing evidence for bioenergetic roles of certain KP metabolites such as kynurenic acid (KA), or quinolinic acid (QA) as an NAD+ precursor, which may explain its frequently observed 'pathological' overactivation. Disease- and tissue-specific aspects, negative feedback on inflammatory signals, and the balance of downstream metabolites are likely to be decisive factors in the interpretation of an imbalanced KP. Therapeutic strategies should consider the compensatory actions and bioenergetic roles of KP metabolites to successfully design future theragnostic approaches aimed at attenuating disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Joisten
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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16
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Valente-Silva P, Cervenka I, Ferreira DMS, Correia JC, Edman S, Horwath O, Heng B, Chow S, Jacobs KR, Guillemin GJ, Blomstrand E, Ruas JL. Effects of Tryptophan Supplementation and Exercise on the Fate of Kynurenine Metabolites in Mice and Humans. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080508. [PMID: 34436450 PMCID: PMC8400416 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan (TRP) degradation (KP) generates metabolites with effects on metabolism, immunity, and mental health. Endurance exercise training can change KP metabolites by changing the levels of KP enzymes in skeletal muscle. This leads to a metabolite pattern that favors energy expenditure and an anti-inflammatory immune cell profile and reduces neurotoxic metabolites. Here, we aimed to understand if TRP supplementation in untrained vs. trained subjects affects KP metabolite levels and biological effects. Our data show that chronic TRP supplementation in mice increases all KP metabolites in circulation, and that exercise reduces the neurotoxic branch of the pathway. However, in addition to increasing wheel running, we did not observe other effects of TRP supplementation on training adaptations, energy metabolism or behavior in mice. A similar increase in KP metabolites was seen in trained vs. untrained human volunteers that took a TRP drink while performing a bout of aerobic exercise. With this acute TRP administration, TRP and KYN were higher in the trained vs. the untrained group. Considering the many biological effects of the KP, which can lead to beneficial or deleterious effects to health, our data encourage future studies of the crosstalk between TRP supplementation and physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Valente-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.V.-S.); (I.C.); (D.M.S.F.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.V.-S.); (I.C.); (D.M.S.F.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Duarte M. S. Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.V.-S.); (I.C.); (D.M.S.F.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Jorge C. Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.V.-S.); (I.C.); (D.M.S.F.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Sebastian Edman
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 114 33 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.E.); (O.H.); (E.B.)
| | - Oscar Horwath
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 114 33 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.E.); (O.H.); (E.B.)
| | - Benjamin Heng
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sidney, NSW 2109, Australia; (B.H.); (S.C.); (K.R.J.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Sharron Chow
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sidney, NSW 2109, Australia; (B.H.); (S.C.); (K.R.J.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Kelly R. Jacobs
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sidney, NSW 2109, Australia; (B.H.); (S.C.); (K.R.J.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sidney, NSW 2109, Australia; (B.H.); (S.C.); (K.R.J.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Eva Blomstrand
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 114 33 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.E.); (O.H.); (E.B.)
| | - Jorge L. Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.V.-S.); (I.C.); (D.M.S.F.); (J.C.C.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Naumenko N, Mutikainen M, Holappa L, Ruas JL, Tuomainen T, Tavi P. PGC-1α deficiency reveals sex-specific links between cardiac energy metabolism and EC-coupling during development of heart failure in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1520-1534. [PMID: 34086875 PMCID: PMC9074965 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Biological sex has fundamental effects on mammalian heart physiology and pathogenesis. While it has been established that female sex is a protective factor against most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), this beneficial effect may involve pathways associated with cardiac energy metabolism. Our aim was to elucidate the role of transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in sex dimorphism of heart failure (HF) development. Methods and results Here, we show that mice deficient in cardiac expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) develop dilated HF associated with changes in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, calcium handling, cell structure, electrophysiology, as well as gene expression. These cardiac changes occur in both sexes, but female mice develop an earlier and more severe structural and functional phenotype associated with dyssynchronous local calcium release resulting from disruption of t-tubular structures of the cardiomyocytes. Conclusions These data reveal that the integrity of the subcellular Ca2+ release and uptake machinery is dependent on energy metabolism and that female hearts are more prone to suffer from contractile dysfunction in conditions with compromised production of cellular energy. Furthermore, these findings suggest that PGC-1α is a central mediator of sex-specific differences in heart function and CVD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Naumenko
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lari Holappa
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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18
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Song KY, Correia JC, Ruas JL, Teixeira AI. Effects of topological constraints on the alignment and maturation of multinucleated myotubes. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2234-2242. [PMID: 33629347 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic-based technologies enable the development of cell culture systems that provide tailored microenvironmental inputs to mammalian cells. Primary myoblasts can be induced to differentiate into multinucleated skeletal muscle cells, myotubes, which are a relevant model system for investigating skeletal muscle metabolism and physiology in vitro. However, it remains challenging to differentiate primary myoblasts into mature myotubes in microfluidics devices. Here we investigated the effects of integrating continuous (solid) and intermittent (dashed) walls in microfluidic channels as topological constraints in devices designed to promote the alignment and maturation of primary myoblast-derived myotubes. The topological constraints caused alignment of the differentiated myotubes, mimicking the native anisotropic organization of skeletal muscle cells. Interestingly, dashed walls facilitated the maturation of skeletal muscle cells, as measured by quantifying myotube cell area and the number of nuclei per myotube. Together, our results suggest that integrating dashed walls as topographic constraints in microfluidic devices supports the alignment and maturation of primary myoblast-derived myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Young Song
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,The School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana I Teixeira
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Naia L, Pinho CM, Dentoni G, Liu J, Leal NS, Ferreira DMS, Schreiner B, Filadi R, Fão L, Connolly NMC, Forsell P, Nordvall G, Shimozawa M, Greotti E, Basso E, Theurey P, Gioran A, Joselin A, Arsenian-Henriksson M, Nilsson P, Rego AC, Ruas JL, Park D, Bano D, Pizzo P, Prehn JHM, Ankarcrona M. Neuronal cell-based high-throughput screen for enhancers of mitochondrial function reveals luteolin as a modulator of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum coupling. BMC Biol 2021; 19:57. [PMID: 33761951 PMCID: PMC7989211 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of aging, neurodegeneration, and metabolic diseases. Hence, mitotherapeutics may be valuable disease modifiers for a large number of conditions. In this study, we have set up a large-scale screening platform for mitochondrial-based modulators with promising therapeutic potential. RESULTS Using differentiated human neuroblastoma cells, we screened 1200 FDA-approved compounds and identified 61 molecules that significantly increased cellular ATP without any cytotoxic effect. Following dose response curve-dependent selection, we identified the flavonoid luteolin as a primary hit. Further validation in neuronal models indicated that luteolin increased mitochondrial respiration in primary neurons, despite not affecting mitochondrial mass, structure, or mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species. However, we found that luteolin increased contacts between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), contributing to increased mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) and Ca2+-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. This signaling pathway likely contributed to the observed effect of luteolin on enhanced mitochondrial complexes I and II activities. Importantly, we observed that increased mitochondrial functions were dependent on the activity of ER Ca2+-releasing channels inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) both in neurons and in isolated synaptosomes. Additionally, luteolin treatment improved mitochondrial and locomotory activities in primary neurons and Caenorhabditis elegans expressing an expanded polyglutamine tract of the huntingtin protein. CONCLUSION We provide a new screening platform for drug discovery validated in vitro and ex vivo. In addition, we describe a novel mechanism through which luteolin modulates mitochondrial activity in neuronal models with potential therapeutic validity for treatment of a variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Naia
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina M Pinho
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giacomo Dentoni
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine-Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nuno Santos Leal
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernadette Schreiner
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Lígia Fão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Niamh M C Connolly
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Department of Physiology & Medical Physics Department, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Makoto Shimozawa
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Greotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Emy Basso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Pierre Theurey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Gioran
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Alvin Joselin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Per Nilsson
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Park
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Department of Physiology & Medical Physics Department, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Ankarcrona
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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20
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Moberg M, Apró W, Cervenka I, Ekblom B, van Hall G, Holmberg HC, Ruas JL, Blomstrand E. High-intensity leg cycling alters the molecular response to resistance exercise in the arm muscles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6453. [PMID: 33742064 PMCID: PMC7979871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined acute molecular responses to concurrent exercise involving different muscles. Eight men participated in a randomized crossover-trial with two sessions, one where they performed interval cycling followed by upper body resistance exercise (ER-Arm), and one with upper body resistance exercise only (R-Arm). Biopsies were taken from the triceps prior to and immediately, 90- and 180-min following exercise. Immediately after resistance exercise, the elevation in S6K1 activity was smaller and the 4E-BP1:eIF4E interaction greater in ER-Arm, but this acute attenuation disappeared during recovery. The protein synthetic rate in triceps was greater following exercise than at rest, with no difference between trials. The level of PGC-1α1 mRNA increased to greater extent in ER-Arm than R-Arm after 90 min of recovery, as was PGC-1α4 mRNA after both 90 and 180 min. Levels of MuRF-1 mRNA was unchanged in R-Arm, but elevated during recovery in ER-Arm, whereas MAFbx mRNA levels increased slightly in both trials. RNA sequencing in a subgroup of subjects revealed 862 differently expressed genes with ER-Arm versus R-Arm during recovery. These findings suggest that leg cycling prior to arm resistance exercise causes systemic changes that potentiate induction of specific genes in the triceps, without compromising the anabolic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Moberg
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. .,The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Box 5626, 114 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - William Apró
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Ekblom
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerrit van Hall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Clinical Metabolomics Core Facility, Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Blomstrand
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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22
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Alves CRR, Neves WD, de Almeida NR, Eichelberger EJ, Jannig PR, Voltarelli VA, Tobias GC, Bechara LRG, de Paula Faria D, Alves MJN, Hagen L, Sharma A, Slupphaug G, Moreira JBN, Wisloff U, Hirshman MF, Negrão CE, de Castro G, Chammas R, Swoboda KJ, Ruas JL, Goodyear LJ, Brum PC. Exercise training reverses cancer-induced oxidative stress and decrease in muscle COPS2/TRIP15/ALIEN. Mol Metab 2020; 39:101012. [PMID: 32408015 PMCID: PMC7283151 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that exercise training would attenuate metabolic impairment in a model of severe cancer cachexia. METHODS We used multiple in vivo and in vitro methods to explore the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects induced by exercise training in tumor-bearing rats. RESULTS Exercise training improved running capacity, prolonged lifespan, reduced oxidative stress, and normalized muscle mass and contractile function in tumor-bearing rats. An unbiased proteomic screening revealed COP9 signalosome complex subunit 2 (COPS2) as one of the most downregulated proteins in skeletal muscle at the early stage of cancer cachexia. Exercise training normalized muscle COPS2 protein expression in tumor-bearing rats and mice. Lung cancer patients with low endurance capacity had low muscle COPS2 protein expression as compared to age-matched control subjects. To test whether decrease in COPS2 protein levels could aggravate or be an intrinsic compensatory mechanism to protect myotubes from cancer effects, we performed experiments in vitro using primary myotubes. COPS2 knockdown in human myotubes affected multiple cellular pathways, including regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Incubation of cancer-conditioned media in mouse myotubes decreased F-actin expression, which was partially restored by COPS2 knockdown. Direct repeat 4 (DR4) response elements have been shown to positively regulate gene expression. COPS2 overexpression decreased the DR4 activity in mouse myoblasts, and COPS2 knockdown inhibited the effects of cancer-conditioned media on DR4 activity. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrated that exercise training may be an important adjuvant therapy to counteract cancer cachexia and uncovered novel mechanisms involving COPS2 to regulate myotube homeostasis in cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiano R R Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Willian das Neves
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas HC FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ney R de Almeida
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric J Eichelberger
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel C Tobias
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R G Bechara
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Paula Faria
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria J N Alves
- Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lars Hagen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Animesh Sharma
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Geir Slupphaug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, Stjørdal, Norway
| | - José B N Moreira
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisloff
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos E Negrão
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas HC FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kathryn J Swoboda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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23
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Léveillé M, Besse-Patin A, Jouvet N, Gunes A, Sczelecki S, Jeromson S, Khan NP, Baldwin C, Dumouchel A, Correia JC, Jannig PR, Boulais J, Ruas JL, Estall JL. PGC-1α isoforms coordinate to balance hepatic metabolism and apoptosis in inflammatory environments. Mol Metab 2020; 34:72-84. [PMID: 32180561 PMCID: PMC7011010 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The liver is regularly exposed to changing metabolic and inflammatory environments. It must sense and adapt to metabolic need while balancing resources required to protect itself from insult. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator expressed as multiple, alternatively spliced variants transcribed from different promoters that coordinate metabolic adaptation and protect against inflammation. It is not known how PGC-1α integrates extracellular signals to balance metabolic and anti-inflammatory outcomes. Methods Primary mouse hepatocytes were used to evaluate the role(s) of different PGC-1α proteins in regulating hepatic metabolism and inflammatory signaling downstream of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Gene expression and signaling analysis were combined with biochemical measurement of apoptosis using gain- and loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo. Results Hepatocytes expressed multiple isoforms of PGC-1α, including PGC-1α4, which microarray analysis showed had common and isoform-specific functions linked to metabolism and inflammation compared with canonical PGC-1α1. Whereas PGC-1α1 primarily impacted gene programs of nutrient metabolism and mitochondrial biology, TNFα signaling showed several pathways related to innate immunity and cell death downstream of PGC-1α4. Gain- and loss-of-function models illustrated that PGC-1α4 uniquely enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic gene programs and attenuated hepatocyte apoptosis in response to TNFα or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This was in contrast to PGC-1α1, which decreased the expression of a wide inflammatory gene network but did not prevent hepatocyte death in response to cytokines. Conclusions PGC-1α variants have distinct, yet complementary roles in hepatic responses to metabolism and inflammation, and we identify PGC-1α4 as an important mitigator of apoptosis. Multiple isoforms of PGC-1α are expressed in hepatocytes, including PGC-1α4. PGC-1α1 and PGC-1α4 share many metabolic targets, but PGC-1α4 has unique functions linked to hepatic inflammatory signalling. PGC-1α4 attenuates hepatocyte apoptosis in response to TNFα and LPS in vitro and in vivo. Inflammatory signaling influences PGC-1α4 localization in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Léveillé
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurèle Besse-Patin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jouvet
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aysim Gunes
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Sczelecki
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stewart Jeromson
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naveen P Khan
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cindy Baldwin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annie Dumouchel
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Boulais
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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24
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Kelahmetoglu Y, Jannig PR, Cervenka I, Koch LG, Britton SL, Zhou J, Wang H, Robinson MM, Nair KS, Ruas JL. Comparative Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Transcriptional Signatures Associated With Aerobic Exercise Capacity or Response to Training in Humans and Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591476. [PMID: 33193103 PMCID: PMC7649134 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing exercise capacity promotes healthy aging and is strongly associated with lower mortality rates. In this study, we analyzed skeletal muscle transcriptomics coupled to exercise performance in humans and rats to dissect the inherent and response components of aerobic exercise capacity. Using rat models selected for intrinsic and acquired aerobic capacity, we determined that the high aerobic capacity muscle transcriptome is associated with pathways for tissue oxygenation and vascularization. Conversely, the low capacity muscle transcriptome indicated immune response and metabolic dysfunction. Low response to training was associated with an inflammatory signature and revealed a potential link to circadian rhythm. Next, we applied bioinformatics tools to predict potential secreted factors (myokines). The predicted secretome profile for exercise capacity highlighted circulatory factors involved in lipid metabolism and the exercise response secretome was associated with extracellular matrix remodelling. Lastly, we utilized human muscle mitochondrial respiration and transcriptomics data to explore molecular mediators of exercise capacity and response across species. Human transcriptome comparison highlighted epigenetic mechanisms linked to exercise capacity and the damage repair for response. Overall, our findings from this cross-species transcriptome analysis of exercise capacity and response establish a foundation for future studies on the mechanisms that link exercise and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yildiz Kelahmetoglu
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R. Jannig
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauren G. Koch
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Steven L. Britton
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huating Wang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew M. Robinson
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - K Sreekumaran Nair
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jorge L. Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Jorge L. Ruas,
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25
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Peleli M, Ferreira DMS, Tarnawski L, McCann Haworth S, Xuechen L, Zhuge Z, Newton PT, Massart J, Chagin AS, Olofsson PS, Ruas JL, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO, Carlström M. Dietary nitrate attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity via mechanisms involving higher adipocyte respiration and alterations in inflammatory status. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101387. [PMID: 31765889 PMCID: PMC6883295 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that dietary nitrate can reverse several features of the metabolic syndrome, but the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to explore mechanisms involved in the effects of dietary nitrate on the metabolic dysfunctions induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. Four weeks old C57BL/6 male mice, exposed to HFD for ten weeks, were characterised by increased body weight, fat content, increased fasting glucose and impaired glucose clearance. All these metabolic abnormalities were significantly attenuated by dietary nitrate. Mechanistically, subcutaneous primary mouse adipocytes exposed to palmitate (PA) and treated with nitrite exhibited higher mitochondrial respiration, increased protein expression of total mitochondrial complexes and elevated gene expression of the thermogenesis gene UCP-1, as well as of the creatine transporter SLC6A8. Finally, dietary nitrate increased the expression of anti-inflammatory markers in visceral fat, plasma and bone marrow-derived macrophages (Arginase-1, Egr-2, IL-10), which was associated with reduction of NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide production in macrophages. In conclusion, dietary nitrate may have therapeutic utility against obesity and associated metabolic complications possibly by increasing adipocyte mitochondrial respiration and by dampening inflammation and oxidative stress. Dietary nitrate attenuates high-fat diet-induced adiposity and glucose intolerance. Mechanistically, boosting the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway:induces expression of thermogenesis-associated genes in adipocytes increases adipocyte respiration attenuates macrophage-induced oxidative stress modulates inflammatory profile
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peleli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Tarnawski
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S McCann Haworth
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Xuechen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Z Zhuge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P T Newton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Massart
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A S Chagin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - P S Olofsson
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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Ferreira DMS, Cheng AJ, Agudelo LZ, Cervenka I, Chaillou T, Correia JC, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Izadi M, Hansson A, Martínez-Redondo V, Valente-Silva P, Pettersson-Klein AT, Estall JL, Robinson MM, Nair KS, Lanner JT, Ruas JL. LIM and cysteine-rich domains 1 (LMCD1) regulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy, calcium handling, and force. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:26. [PMID: 31666122 PMCID: PMC6822430 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle mass and strength are crucial determinants of health. Muscle mass loss is associated with weakness, fatigue, and insulin resistance. In fact, it is predicted that controlling muscle atrophy can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with diseases such as cancer cachexia and sarcopenia. METHODS We analyzed gene expression data from muscle of mice or human patients with diverse muscle pathologies and identified LMCD1 as a gene strongly associated with skeletal muscle function. We transiently expressed or silenced LMCD1 in mouse gastrocnemius muscle or in mouse primary muscle cells and determined muscle/cell size, targeted gene expression, kinase activity with kinase arrays, protein immunoblotting, and protein synthesis levels. To evaluate force, calcium handling, and fatigue, we transduced the flexor digitorum brevis muscle with a LMCD1-expressing adenovirus and measured specific force and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in individual fibers. Finally, to explore the relationship between LMCD1 and calcineurin, we ectopically expressed Lmcd1 in the gastrocnemius muscle and treated those mice with cyclosporine A (calcineurin inhibitor). In addition, we used a luciferase reporter construct containing the myoregulin gene promoter to confirm the role of a LMCD1-calcineurin-myoregulin axis in skeletal muscle mass control and calcium handling. RESULTS Here, we identify LIM and cysteine-rich domains 1 (LMCD1) as a positive regulator of muscle mass, that increases muscle protein synthesis and fiber size. LMCD1 expression in vivo was sufficient to increase specific force with lower requirement for calcium handling and to reduce muscle fatigue. Conversely, silencing LMCD1 expression impairs calcium handling and force, and induces muscle fatigue without overt atrophy. The actions of LMCD1 were dependent on calcineurin, as its inhibition using cyclosporine A reverted the observed hypertrophic phenotype. Finally, we determined that LMCD1 represses the expression of myoregulin, a known negative regulator of muscle performance. Interestingly, we observed that skeletal muscle LMCD1 expression is reduced in patients with skeletal muscle disease. CONCLUSIONS Our gain- and loss-of-function studies show that LMCD1 controls protein synthesis, muscle fiber size, specific force, Ca2+ handling, and fatigue resistance. This work uncovers a novel role for LMCD1 in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and function with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte M S Ferreira
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present Address: Faculty of Health, York University, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present Address: Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Chaillou
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margareta Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manizheh Izadi
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present Address: Karp Research Building, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alicia Hansson
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Valente-Silva
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amanda T Pettersson-Klein
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Division of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew M Robinson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - K Sreekumaran Nair
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Agudelo LZ, Ferreira DMS, Dadvar S, Cervenka I, Ketscher L, Izadi M, Zhengye L, Furrer R, Handschin C, Venckunas T, Brazaitis M, Kamandulis S, Lanner JT, Ruas JL. Skeletal muscle PGC-1α1 reroutes kynurenine metabolism to increase energy efficiency and fatigue-resistance. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2767. [PMID: 31235694 PMCID: PMC6591322 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The coactivator PGC-1α1 is activated by exercise training in skeletal muscle and promotes fatigue-resistance. In exercised muscle, PGC-1α1 enhances the expression of kynurenine aminotransferases (Kats), which convert kynurenine into kynurenic acid. This reduces kynurenine-associated neurotoxicity and generates glutamate as a byproduct. Here, we show that PGC-1α1 elevates aspartate and glutamate levels and increases the expression of glycolysis and malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) genes. These interconnected processes improve energy utilization and transfer fuel-derived electrons to mitochondrial respiration. This PGC-1α1-dependent mechanism allows trained muscle to use kynurenine metabolism to increase the bioenergetic efficiency of glucose oxidation. Kat inhibition with carbidopa impairs aspartate biosynthesis, mitochondrial respiration, and reduces exercise performance and muscle force in mice. Our findings show that PGC-1α1 activates the MAS in skeletal muscle, supported by kynurenine catabolism, as part of the adaptations to endurance exercise. This crosstalk between kynurenine metabolism and the MAS may have important physiological and clinical implications. PGC-1α is activated by exercise and promotes resistance to fatigue in muscles. Here, the authors show that PGC-1α activates the malate-aspartate shuttle, and allows muscle to utilise kynurenine, leading to more efficient glucose oxidation and mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Z Agudelo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shamim Dadvar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Ketscher
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manizheh Izadi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liu Zhengye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Regula Furrer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Kamandulis
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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28
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Bayindir-Buchhalter I, Wolff G, Lerch S, Sijmonsma T, Schuster M, Gronych J, Billeter AT, Babaei R, Krunic D, Ketscher L, Spielmann N, Hrabe de Angelis M, Ruas JL, Müller-Stich BP, Heikenwalder M, Lichter P, Herzig S, Vegiopoulos A. Cited4 is a sex-biased mediator of the antidiabetic glitazone response in adipocyte progenitors. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708613. [PMID: 29973382 PMCID: PMC6079535 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most antidiabetic drugs treat disease symptoms rather than adipose tissue dysfunction as a key pathogenic cause in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Pharmacological targeting of adipose tissue through the nuclear receptor PPARg, as exemplified by glitazone treatments, mediates efficacious insulin sensitization. However, a better understanding of the context‐specific PPARg responses is required for the development of novel approaches with reduced side effects. Here, we identified the transcriptional cofactor Cited4 as a target and mediator of rosiglitazone in human and murine adipocyte progenitor cells, where it promoted specific sets of the rosiglitazone‐dependent transcriptional program. In mice, Cited4 was required for the proper induction of thermogenic expression by Rosi specifically in subcutaneous fat. This phenotype had high penetrance in females only and was not evident in beta‐adrenergically stimulated browning. Intriguingly, this specific defect was associated with reduced capacity for systemic thermogenesis and compromised insulin sensitization upon therapeutic rosiglitazone treatment in female but not male mice. Our findings on Cited4 function reveal novel unexpected aspects of the pharmacological targeting of PPARg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Bayindir-Buchhalter
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gretchen Wolff
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Lerch
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd Sijmonsma
- Division Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schuster
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Gronych
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian T Billeter
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rohollah Babaei
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damir Krunic
- Light Microscopy Facility, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars Ketscher
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadine Spielmann
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beat P Müller-Stich
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandros Vegiopoulos
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Obesity ultimately results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. However, in addition to their bioenergetic value, nutrients and their metabolites can function as important signalling molecules in energy homeostasis. Indeed, macronutrients and their metabolites can be direct regulators of metabolism through their actions on different organs. In turn, target organs can decide to use, store or transform the incoming nutrients depending on their physiological context and in coordination with other cell types. Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolites are an example of a family of compounds that can serve as systemic integrators of energy metabolism by signalling to different cell types. These include adipocytes, immune cells and muscle fibres, in addition to the well-known effects of kynurenine metabolites on the central nervous system. In the context of energy metabolism, several of the effects elicited by kynurenic acid are mediated by the G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR35. As GPR35 is expressed in tissues such as the adipose tissue, immune cells and the gastrointestinal tract, this receptor could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and other metabolic diseases. In addition, metabolic disorders often coincide with states of chronic inflammation, which further highlights GPR35 as an integration node in conditions where inflammation skews metabolism. Defining the molecular interplay between different tissues in the regulation of energy homeostasis can help us understand interindividual variability in the response to nutrient intake and develop safe and efficient therapies to fight obesity and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dadvar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
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Blackwell TA, Cervenka I, Khatri B, Brown JL, Rosa-Caldwell ME, Lee DE, Perry RA, Brown LA, Haynie WS, Wiggs MP, Bottje WG, Washington TA, Kong BC, Ruas JL, Greene NP. Transcriptomic analysis of the development of skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer-cachexia in tumor-bearing mice. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:1071-1082. [PMID: 30289747 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00061.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-cachexia (CC) is a wasting condition directly responsible for 20-40% of cancer-related deaths. The mechanisms controlling development of CC-induced muscle wasting are not fully elucidated. Most investigations focus on the postcachectic state and do not examine progression of the condition. We recently demonstrated mitochondrial degenerations precede muscle wasting in time course progression of CC. However, the extent of muscle perturbations before wasting in CC is unknown. Therefore, we performed global gene expression analysis in CC-induced muscle wasting to enhance understanding of intramuscular perturbations across the development of CC. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) was injected into the hind-flank of C57BL6/J mice at 8 wk of age with tumor allowed to develop for 1, 2, 3, or 4 wk and compared with PBS-injected control. Muscle wasting was evident at 4 wk LLC. RNA sequencing of gastrocnemius muscle samples showed widespread alterations in LLC compared with PBS animals with largest differences seen in 4 wk LLC, suggesting extensive transcriptomic alterations concurrent to muscle wasting. Commonly altered pathways included: mitochondrial dysfunction and protein ubiquitination, along with other less studied processes in this condition regulating transcription/translation and cytoskeletal structure. Current findings present novel evidence of transcriptomic shifts and altered cellular pathways in CC-induced muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Blackwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Bhuwan Khatri
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Jacob L Brown
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Megan E Rosa-Caldwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - David E Lee
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Richard A Perry
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Lemuel A Brown
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Wesley S Haynie
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Michael P Wiggs
- Integrated Physiology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Texas at Tyler, Texas
| | - Walter G Bottje
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Tyrone A Washington
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Byungwhi C Kong
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas
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Kärkkäinen O, Tuomainen T, Mutikainen M, Lehtonen M, Ruas JL, Hanhineva K, Tavi P. Heart specific PGC-1α deletion identifies metabolome of cardiac restricted metabolic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:107-118. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart failure (HF) is associated with drastic changes in metabolism leading to a cardiac energy deficiency well as maladaptive changes in multiple other tissues. It is still unclear which of these changes originates from cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling or whether they are induced secondarily by systemic factors. Our aim here was to induce cardiac restricted metabolic changes mimicking those seen in HF and to characterize the associated metabolite changes in the heart, circulation, and peripheral tissues.
Methods and results
We generated a cardiac specific PGC-1α knockout mice (KO) to specifically induce metabolic dysregulation typically accompanied by HF and performed a non-targeted LC-MS metabolite profiling analysis of heart, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle to identify metabolites associated with cardiac specific metabolic remodelling. The KO animals developed a progressive cardiomyopathy with cardiac dilatation leading to fatal HF. At 17 weeks of age, when significant remodelling had occurred but before the onset of HF, isolated PGC-1α deficient cardiomyocytes had suppressed glucose and fatty acid oxidation as well as blunted anaerobic metabolism. KO hearts displayed a distinctive metabolite profile with 92 significantly altered molecular features including metabolite changes in energy metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, amino acids, and oxidative stress signalling. Some of the metabolite changes correlated with the specific parameters of cardiac function. We did not observe any significant alterations in the metabolomes of the other measured tissues or in plasma.
Conclusions
Heart specific PGC-1α KO induces metabolic, functional, and structural abnormalities leading to dilating cardiomyopathy and HF. The metabolic changes were limited to the cardiac tissue indicating that cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling is not sufficient to evoke the body wide metabolic alterations usually associated with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
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Agudelo LZ, Ferreira DMS, Cervenka I, Bryzgalova G, Dadvar S, Jannig PR, Pettersson-Klein AT, Lakshmikanth T, Sustarsic EG, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Correia JC, Izadi M, Martínez-Redondo V, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Gerhart-Hines Z, Brodin P, Pereira T, Berggren PO, Ruas JL. Kynurenic Acid and Gpr35 Regulate Adipose Tissue Energy Homeostasis and Inflammation. Cell Metab 2018; 27:378-392.e5. [PMID: 29414686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism in psychiatric disease is well established, but remains less explored in peripheral tissues. Exercise training activates kynurenine biotransformation in skeletal muscle, which protects from neuroinflammation and leads to peripheral kynurenic acid accumulation. Here we show that kynurenic acid increases energy utilization by activating G protein-coupled receptor Gpr35, which stimulates lipid metabolism, thermogenic, and anti-inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue. This suppresses weight gain in animals fed a high-fat diet and improves glucose tolerance. Kynurenic acid and Gpr35 enhance Pgc-1α1 expression and cellular respiration, and increase the levels of Rgs14 in adipocytes, which leads to enhanced beta-adrenergic receptor signaling. Conversely, genetic deletion of Gpr35 causes progressive weight gain and glucose intolerance, and sensitizes to the effects of high-fat diets. Finally, exercise-induced adipose tissue browning is compromised in Gpr35 knockout animals. This work uncovers kynurenine metabolism as a pathway with therapeutic potential to control energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Z Agudelo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Galyna Bryzgalova
- Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shamim Dadvar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amanda T Pettersson-Klein
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tadepally Lakshmikanth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Newborn Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elahu G Sustarsic
- Metabolic Receptology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margareta Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manizheh Izadi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Zachary Gerhart-Hines
- Metabolic Receptology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petter Brodin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Newborn Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teresa Pereira
- Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Pettersson-Klein AT, Izadi M, Ferreira DMS, Cervenka I, Correia JC, Martinez-Redondo V, Southern M, Cameron M, Kamenecka T, Agudelo LZ, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Martens U, Lundgren B, Otrocka M, Jenmalm-Jensen A, Griffin PR, Ruas JL. Small molecule PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers induce adipocyte Ucp1 expression and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration. Mol Metab 2018; 9:28-42. [PMID: 29428596 PMCID: PMC5870114 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α1 (PGC-1α1) regulates genes involved in energy metabolism. Increasing adipose tissue energy expenditure through PGC-1α1 activation is potentially beneficial for systemic metabolism. Pharmacological PGC-1α1 activators could be valuable tools in the fight against obesity and metabolic disease. Finding such compounds has been challenging partly because PGC-1α1 is a transcriptional coactivator with no known ligand-binding properties. While, PGC-1α1 activation is regulated by several mechanisms, protein stabilization is a crucial limiting step due to its short half-life under unstimulated conditions. Methods We designed a cell-based high-throughput screening system to identify PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers. Positive hits were tested for their ability to induce endogenous PGC-1α1 protein accumulation and activate target gene expression in brown adipocytes. Select compounds were analyzed for their effects on global gene expression and cellular respiration in adipocytes. Results Among 7,040 compounds screened, we highlight four small molecules with high activity as measured by: PGC-1α1 protein accumulation, target gene expression, and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes. Conclusions We identify compounds that induce PGC-1α1 protein accumulation and show that this increases uncoupled respiration in brown adipocytes. This screening platform establishes the foundation for a new class of therapeutics with potential use in obesity and associated disorders. A high-throughput platform to identify PGC-1α1 activators. PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers work as activators in brown adipocytes. Small molecule PGC-1α1 activators induce Ucp1 expression and cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Pettersson-Klein
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Izadi
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D M S Ferreira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Martinez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Southern
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - T Kamenecka
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - L Z Agudelo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Martens
- Science for Life Laboratory, RNAi Cell Screening Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Lundgren
- Science for Life Laboratory, RNAi Cell Screening Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Otrocka
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Jenmalm-Jensen
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - J L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
Kynurenine metabolites are generated by tryptophan catabolism and regulate biological processes that include host-microbiome signaling, immune cell response, and neuronal excitability. Enzymes of the kynurenine pathway are expressed in different tissues and cell types throughout the body and are regulated by cues, including nutritional and inflammatory signals. As a consequence of this systemic metabolic integration, peripheral inflammation can contribute to accumulation of kynurenine in the brain, which has been associated with depression and schizophrenia. Conversely, kynurenine accumulation can be suppressed by activating kynurenine clearance in exercised skeletal muscle. The effect of exercise training on depression through modulation of the kynurenine pathway highlights an important mechanism of interorgan cross-talk mediated by these metabolites. Here, we discuss peripheral mechanisms of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism and their effects on inflammatory, metabolic, oncologic, and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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35
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Ruby MA, Massart J, Hunerdosse DM, Schönke M, Correia JC, Louie SM, Ruas JL, Näslund E, Nomura DK, Zierath JR. Human Carboxylesterase 2 Reverses Obesity-Induced Diacylglycerol Accumulation and Glucose Intolerance. Cell Rep 2017; 18:636-646. [PMID: 28099843 PMCID: PMC5276805 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine hydrolases are a large family of multifunctional enzymes known to influence obesity. Here, we performed activity-based protein profiling to assess the functional level of serine hydrolases in liver biopsies from lean and obese humans in order to gain mechanistic insight into the pathophysiology of metabolic disease. We identified reduced hepatic activity of carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) and arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) in human obesity. In primary human hepatocytes, CES2 knockdown impaired glucose storage and lipid oxidation. In mice, obesity reduced CES2, whereas adenoviral delivery of human CES2 reversed hepatic steatosis, improved glucose tolerance, and decreased inflammation. Lipidomic analysis identified a network of CES2-regulated lipids altered in human and mouse obesity. CES2 possesses triglyceride and diacylglycerol lipase activities and displayed an inverse correlation with HOMA-IR and hepatic diacylglycerol concentrations in humans. Thus, decreased CES2 is a conserved feature of obesity and plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic disturbances. Obesity decreases hepatic activity of AADAC and CES2 in humans CES2 depletion impairs lipid and glucose metabolism in primary human hepatocytes Human CES2 expression reverses hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance in mice CES2 controls a hepatic lipid network dysregulated in human and mouse obesity
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell A Ruby
- Section for Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julie Massart
- Section for Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Devon M Hunerdosse
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Milena Schönke
- Section for Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sharon M Louie
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Näslund
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Section for Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mills R, Taylor-Weiner H, Correia JC, Agudelo LZ, Allodi I, Kolonelou C, Martinez-Redondo V, Ferreira DMS, Nichterwitz S, Comley LH, Lundin V, Hedlund E, Ruas JL, Teixeira AI. Neurturin is a PGC-1α1-controlled myokine that promotes motor neuron recruitment and neuromuscular junction formation. Mol Metab 2017; 7:12-22. [PMID: 29157948 PMCID: PMC5784328 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined whether skeletal muscle overexpression of PGC-1α1 or PGC-1α4 affected myokine secretion and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation. METHODS A microfluidic device was used to model endocrine signaling and NMJ formation between primary mouse myoblast-derived myotubes and embryonic stem cell-derived motor neurons. Differences in hydrostatic pressure allowed for fluidic isolation of either cell type or unidirectional signaling in the fluid phase. Myotubes were transduced to overexpress PGC-1α1 or PGC-1α4, and myokine secretion was quantified using a proximity extension assay. Morphological and functional changes in NMJs were measured by fluorescent microscopy and by monitoring muscle contraction upon motor neuron stimulation. RESULTS Skeletal muscle transduction with PGC-1α1, but not PGC-1α4, increased NMJ formation and size. PGC-1α1 increased muscle secretion of neurturin, which was sufficient and necessary for the effects of muscle PGC-1α1 on NMJ formation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that neurturin is a mediator of PGC-1α1-dependent retrograde signaling from muscle to motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Mills
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hermes Taylor-Weiner
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilary Allodi
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Kolonelou
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martinez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Nichterwitz
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura H Comley
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vanessa Lundin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Hedlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ana I Teixeira
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mutikainen M, Tuomainen T, Naumenko N, Huusko J, Smirin B, Laidinen S, Kokki K, Hynynen H, Ylä-Herttuala S, Heinäniemi M, Ruas JL, Tavi P. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1 α1 induces a cardiac excitation-contraction coupling phenotype without metabolic remodelling. J Physiol 2017; 594:7049-7071. [PMID: 27716916 DOI: 10.1113/jp272847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α1 has been shown to regulate energy metabolism and to mediate metabolic adaptations in pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy but other functional implications of PGC-1α1 expression are not known. Transgenic PGC-1α1 overexpression within the physiological range in mouse heart induces purposive changes in contractile properties, electrophysiology and calcium signalling but does not induce substantial metabolic remodelling. The phenotype of the PGC-1α1 transgenic mouse heart recapitulates most of the functional modifications usually associated with the exercise-induced heart phenotype, but does not protect the heart against load-induced pathological hypertrophy. Transcriptional effects of PGC-1α1 show clear dose-dependence with diverse changes in genes in circadian clock, heat shock, excitability, calcium signalling and contraction pathways at low overexpression levels, while metabolic genes are recruited at much higher PGC-1α1 expression levels. These results imply that the physiological role of PGC-1α1 is to promote a beneficial excitation-contraction coupling phenotype in the heart. ABSTRACT The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α1 has been identified as a central factor mediating metabolic adaptations of the heart. However, to what extent physiological changes in PGC-1α1 expression levels actually contribute to the functional adaptation of the heart is still mostly unresolved. The aim of this study was to characterize the transcriptional and functional effects of physiologically relevant, moderate PGC-1α1 expression in the heart. In vivo and ex vivo physiological analysis shows that expression of PGC-1α1 within a physiological range in mouse heart does not induce the expected metabolic alterations, but instead induces a unique excitation-contraction (EC) coupling phenotype recapitulating features typically seen in physiological hypertrophy. Transcriptional screening of PGC-1α1 overexpressing mouse heart and myocyte cultures with higher, acute adenovirus-induced PGC-1α1 expression, highlights PGC-1α1 as a transcriptional coactivator with a number of binding partners in various pathways (such as heat shock factors and the circadian clock) through which it acts as a pleiotropic transcriptional regulator in the heart, to both augment and repress the expression of its target genes in a dose-dependent fashion. At low levels of overexpression PGC-1α1 elicits a diverse transcriptional response altering the expression state of circadian clock, heat shock, excitability, calcium signalling and contraction pathways, while metabolic targets of PGC-1α1 are recruited at higher PGC-1α1 expression levels. Together these findings demonstrate that PGC-1α1 elicits a dual effect on cardiac transcription and phenotype. Further, our results imply that the physiological role of PGC-1α1 is to promote a beneficial EC coupling phenotype in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Mutikainen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nikolay Naumenko
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jenni Huusko
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Boris Smirin
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Laidinen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Krista Kokki
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heidi Hynynen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pasi Tavi
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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38
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Cipriano M, Correia JC, Camões SP, Oliveira NG, Cruz P, Cruz H, Castro M, Ruas JL, Santos JM, Miranda JP. The role of epigenetic modifiers in extended cultures of functional hepatocyte-like cells derived from human neonatal mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:2469-2489. [PMID: 27909741 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1901-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of predictive in vitro stem cell-derived hepatic models for toxicological drug screening is an increasingly important topic. Herein, umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hnMSCs) underwent hepatic differentiation using an optimized three-step core protocol of 24 days that mimicked liver embryogenesis with further exposure to epigenetic markers, namely the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA), the cytidine analogue 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). FGF-2 and FGF-4 were also tested to improve endoderm commitment and foregut induction during Step 1 of the differentiation protocol, being HHEX expression increased with FGF-2 (4 ng/mL). DMSO (1%, v/v) when added at day 10 enhanced cell morphology, glycogen storage ability, enzymatic activity and induction capacity. Moreover, the stability of the hepatic phenotype under the optimized differentiation conditions was examined up to day 34. Our findings showed that hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) acquired the ability to metabolize glucose, produce albumin and detoxify ammonia. Global transcriptional analysis of the HLCs showed a partial hepatic differentiation degree. Global analysis of gene expression in the different cells revealed shared expression of gene groups between HLCs and human primary hepatocytes (hpHeps) that were not observed between HepG2 and hpHeps. In addition, bioinformatics analysis of gene expression data placed HLCs between the HepG2 cell line and hpHeps and distant from hnMSCs. The enhanced hepatic differentiation observed was supported by the presence of the hepatic drug transporters OATP-C and MRP-2 and gene expression of the hepatic markers CK18, TAT, AFP, ALB, HNF4A and CEBPA; and by their ability to display stable UGT-, EROD-, ECOD-, CYP1A1-, CYP2C9- and CYP3A4-dependent activities at levels either comparable with or even higher than those observed in primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. Overall, an improvement of the hepatocyte-like phenotype was achieved for an extended culture time suggesting a role of the epigenetic modifiers in hepatic differentiation and maturation and presenting hnMSC-HLCs as an advantageous alternative for drug discovery and in vitro toxicology testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cipriano
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S P Camões
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - N G Oliveira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Cruz
- ECBio S.A., Amadora, Portugal
| | - H Cruz
- ECBio S.A., Amadora, Portugal
| | - M Castro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - J P Miranda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
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39
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Moutinho M, Nunes MJ, Correia JC, Gama MJ, Castro-Caldas M, Cedazo-Minguez A, Rodrigues CMP, Björkhem I, Ruas JL, Rodrigues E. Neuronal cholesterol metabolism increases dendritic outgrowth and synaptic markers via a concerted action of GGTase-I and Trk. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30928. [PMID: 27491694 PMCID: PMC4974659 DOI: 10.1038/srep30928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) is responsible for brain cholesterol elimination and therefore plays a crucial role in the control of brain cholesterol homeostasis. Altered CYP46A1 expression has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases and changes in cognition. Since CYP46A1 activates small guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins (sGTPases), we hypothesized that CYP46A1 might be affecting neuronal development and function by activating tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) receptors and promoting geranylgeranyl transferase-I (GGTase-I) prenylation activity. Our results show that CYP46A1 triggers an increase in neuronal dendritic outgrowth and dendritic protrusion density, and elicits an increase of synaptic proteins in the crude synaptosomal fraction. Strikingly, all of these effects are abolished by pharmacological inhibition of GGTase-I activity. Furthermore, CYP46A1 increases Trk phosphorylation, its interaction with GGTase-I, and the activity of GGTase-I, which is crucial for the enhanced dendritic outgrowth. Cholesterol supplementation studies indicate that cholesterol reduction by CYP46A1 is the necessary trigger for these effects. These results were confirmed in vivo, with a significant increase of p-Trk, pre- and postsynaptic proteins, Rac1, and decreased cholesterol levels, in crude synaptosomal fractions prepared from CYP46A1 transgenic mouse cortex. This work describes the molecular mechanisms by which neuronal cholesterol metabolism effectively modulates neuronal outgrowth and synaptic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Moutinho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Nunes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria João Gama
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Castro-Caldas
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Angel Cedazo-Minguez
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Novum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ingemar Björkhem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elsa Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Martínez-Redondo V, Jannig PR, Correia JC, Ferreira DMS, Cervenka I, Lindvall JM, Sinha I, Izadi M, Pettersson-Klein AT, Agudelo LZ, Gimenez-Cassina A, Brum PC, Dahlman-Wright K, Ruas JL. Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1 α Isoforms Selectively Regulate Multiple Splicing Events on Target Genes. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:15169-84. [PMID: 27231350 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.705822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endurance and resistance exercise training induces specific and profound changes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α) coactivators are not only among the genes differentially induced by distinct training methods, but they also participate in the ensuing signaling cascades that allow skeletal muscle to adapt to each type of exercise. Although endurance training preferentially induces PGC-1α1 expression, resistance exercise activates the expression of PGC-1α2, -α3, and -α4. These three alternative PGC-1α isoforms lack the arginine/serine-rich (RS) and RNA recognition motifs characteristic of PGC-1α1. Discrete functions for PGC-1α1 and -α4 have been described, but the biological role of PGC-1α2 and -α3 remains elusive. Here we show that different PGC-1α variants can affect target gene splicing through diverse mechanisms, including alternative promoter usage. By analyzing the exon structure of the target transcripts for each PGC-1α isoform, we were able to identify a large number of previously unknown PGC-1α2 and -α3 target genes and pathways in skeletal muscle. In particular, PGC-1α2 seems to mediate a decrease in the levels of cholesterol synthesis genes. Our results suggest that the conservation of the N-terminal activation and repression domains (and not the RS/RNA recognition motif) is what determines the gene programs and splicing options modulated by each PGC-1α isoform. By using skeletal muscle-specific transgenic mice for PGC-1α1 and -α4, we could validate, in vivo, splicing events observed in in vitro studies. These results show that alternative PGC-1α variants can affect target gene expression both quantitatively and qualitatively and identify novel biological pathways under the control of this system of coactivators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, 05508-030 São Paulo, Brazil, and
| | - Jorge C Correia
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Igor Cervenka
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Jessica M Lindvall
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Manizheh Izadi
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Amanda T Pettersson-Klein
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
| | - Alfredo Gimenez-Cassina
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, 05508-030 São Paulo, Brazil, and
| | - Karin Dahlman-Wright
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit and
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41
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Schlittler M, Goiny M, Agudelo LZ, Venckunas T, Brazaitis M, Skurvydas A, Kamandulis S, Ruas JL, Erhardt S, Westerblad H, Andersson DC. Endurance exercise increases skeletal muscle kynurenine aminotransferases and plasma kynurenic acid in humans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C836-40. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00053.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise has emerged as an alternative treatment for patients with depressive disorder. Recent animal studies show that exercise protects from depression by increased skeletal muscle kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) expression which shifts the kynurenine metabolism away from the neurotoxic kynurenine (KYN) to the production of kynurenic acid (KYNA). In the present study, we investigated the effect of exercise on kynurenine metabolism in humans. KAT gene and protein expression was increased in the muscles of endurance-trained subjects compared with untrained subjects. Endurance exercise caused an increase in plasma KYNA within the first hour after exercise. In contrast, a bout of high-intensity eccentric exercise did not lead to increased plasma KYNA concentration. Our results show that regular endurance exercise causes adaptations in kynurenine metabolism which can have implications for exercise recommendations for patients with depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Schlittler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Michel Goiny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leandro Z. Agudelo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Albertas Skurvydas
- Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Kamandulis
- Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jorge L. Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophie Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daniel C. Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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42
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Corpeno Kalamgi R, Salah H, Gastaldello S, Martinez-Redondo V, Ruas JL, Fury W, Bai Y, Gromada J, Sartori R, Guttridge DC, Sandri M, Larsson L. Mechano-signalling pathways in an experimental intensive critical illness myopathy model. J Physiol 2016; 594:4371-88. [PMID: 26990577 DOI: 10.1113/jp271973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Using an experimental rat intensive care unit (ICU) model, not limited by early mortality, we have previously shown that passive mechanical loading attenuates the loss of muscle mass and force-generation capacity associated with the ICU intervention. Mitochondrial dynamics have recently been shown to play a more important role in muscle atrophy than previously recognized. In this study we demonstrate that mitochondrial dynamics, as well as mitophagy, is affected by mechanosensing at the transcriptional level, and muscle changes induced by unloading are counteracted by passive mechanical loading. The recently discovered ubiquitin ligases Fbxo31 and SMART are induced by mechanical silencing, an induction that similarly is prevented by passive mechanical loading. ABSTRACT The complete loss of mechanical stimuli of skeletal muscles, i.e. loss of external strain related to weight bearing and internal strain related to activation of contractile proteins, in mechanically ventilated, deeply sedated and/or pharmacologically paralysed intensive care unit (ICU) patients is an important factor triggering the critical illness myopathy (CIM). Using a unique experimental ICU rat model, mimicking basic ICU conditions, we have recently shown that mechanical silencing is a dominant factor triggering the preferential loss of myosin, muscle atrophy and decreased specific force in fast- and slow-twitch muscles and muscle fibres. The aim of this study is to gain improved understanding of the gene signature and molecular pathways regulating the process of mechanical activation of skeletal muscle that are affected by the ICU condition. We have focused on pathways controlling myofibrillar protein synthesis and degradation, mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis. We demonstrate that genes regulating mitochondrial dynamics, as well as mitophagy are induced by mechanical silencing and that these effects are counteracted by passive mechanical loading. In addition, the recently identified ubiquitin ligases Fbxo31 and SMART are induced by mechanical silencing, an induction that is reversed by passive mechanical loading. Thus, mechano-cell signalling events are identified which may play an important role for the improved clinical outcomes reported in response to the early mobilization and physical therapy in immobilized ICU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Corpeno Kalamgi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heba Salah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Gastaldello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wen Fury
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, 10591, NY, USA
| | - Yu Bai
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, 10591, NY, USA
| | | | - Roberta Sartori
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Denis C Guttridge
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Medical Centre, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA
| | - Marco Sandri
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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43
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Correia JC, Massart J, de Boer JF, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Martínez-Redondo V, Agudelo LZ, Sinha I, Meierhofer D, Ribeiro V, Björnholm M, Sauer S, Dahlman-Wright K, Zierath JR, Groen AK, Ruas JL. Bioenergetic cues shift FXR splicing towards FXRα2 to modulate hepatic lipolysis and fatty acid metabolism. Mol Metab 2015; 4:891-902. [PMID: 26909306 PMCID: PMC4731735 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a prominent role in hepatic lipid metabolism. The FXR gene encodes four proteins with structural differences suggestive of discrete biological functions about which little is known. Methods We expressed each FXR variant in primary hepatocytes and evaluated global gene expression, lipid profile, and metabolic fluxes. Gene delivery of FXR variants to Fxr−/− mouse liver was performed to evaluate their role in vivo. The effects of fasting and physical exercise on hepatic Fxr splicing were determined. Results We show that FXR splice isoforms regulate largely different gene sets and have specific effects on hepatic metabolism. FXRα2 (but not α1) activates a broad transcriptional program in hepatocytes conducive to lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and ketogenesis. Consequently, FXRα2 decreases cellular lipid accumulation and improves cellular insulin signaling to AKT. FXRα2 expression in Fxr−/− mouse liver activates a similar gene program and robustly decreases hepatic triglyceride levels. On the other hand, FXRα1 reduces hepatic triglyceride content to a lesser extent and does so through regulation of lipogenic gene expression. Bioenergetic cues, such as fasting and exercise, dynamically regulate Fxr splicing in mouse liver to increase Fxrα2 expression. Conclusions Our results show that the main FXR variants in human liver (α1 and α2) reduce hepatic lipid accumulation through distinct mechanisms and to different degrees. Taking this novel mechanism into account could greatly improve the pharmacological targeting and therapeutic efficacy of FXR agonists. FXR variants regulate discrete gene programs with distinct biological outcomes. FXRα2 (but not α1) enhances fatty acid handling and insulin responsiveness. FXRα1 and α2 reduce liver lipid content through different mechanisms. Fasting and physical exercise dynamically regulate Fxr splicing in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Julie Massart
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Margareta Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Vera Ribeiro
- Center for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Marie Björnholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sascha Sauer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Dahlman-Wright
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Martínez-Redondo V, Pettersson AT, Ruas JL. The hitchhiker's guide to PGC-1α isoform structure and biological functions. Diabetologia 2015; 58:1969-77. [PMID: 26109214 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteins of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1 (PGC-1) family of transcriptional coactivators coordinate physiological adaptations in many tissues, usually in response to demands for higher nutrient and energy supply. Of the founding members of the family, PGC-1α (also known as PPARGC1A) is the most highly regulated gene, using multiple promoters and alternative splicing to produce a growing number of coactivator variants. PGC-1α promoters are selectively active in distinct tissues in response to specific stimuli. To date, more than ten novel PGC-1α isoforms have been reported to be expressed from a novel promoter (PGC-1α-b, PGC-1α-c), to undergo alternative splicing (NT-PGC-1α) or both (PGC-1α2, PGC-1α3, PGC-1α4). The resulting proteins display differential regulation and tissue distribution and, most importantly, exert specific biological functions. In this review we discuss the structural and functional characteristics of the novel PGC-1α isoforms, aiming to provide an integrative view of this constantly expanding system of transcriptional coactivators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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45
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Correia JC, Ferreira DMS, Ruas JL. Intercellular: local and systemic actions of skeletal muscle PGC-1s. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:305-14. [PMID: 25934582 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise promotes complex adaptations in skeletal muscle that benefit various aspects of human health. Many of these adaptations are coordinated at the gene expression level by the concerted action of transcriptional regulators. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) coactivator-1 (PGC-1) proteins play a prominent role in skeletal muscle transcriptional reprogramming induced by numerous stimuli. PGC-1s are master coactivators that orchestrate broad gene programs to modulate fuel supply and mitochondrial function, thus improving cellular energy metabolism. Recent studies unveiled novel biological functions for PGC-1s that extend well beyond skeletal muscle bioenergetics. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of PGC-1 actions in skeletal muscle, with special focus on their systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Aesoy R, Gradin K, Aasrud KS, Hoivik EA, Ruas JL, Poellinger L, Bakke M. Regulation of CDKN2B expression by interaction of Arnt with Miz-1--a basis for functional integration between the HIF and Myc gene regulatory pathways. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:54. [PMID: 24618291 PMCID: PMC3984710 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia- and Myc-dependent transcriptional regulatory pathways are frequently deregulated in cancer cells. These pathways converge in many cellular responses, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Methods The ability of Miz-1 and Arnt to interact was identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen. The mode of interaction and the functional consequences of complex formation were analyzed by diverse molecular biology methods, in vitro. Statistical analyses were performed by Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Results In the present study we demonstrate that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt), which is central in hypoxia-induced signaling, forms a complex with Miz-1, an important transcriptional regulator in Myc-mediated transcriptional repression. Overexpression of Arnt induced reporter gene activity driven by the proximal promoter of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B gene (CDKN2B), which is an established target for the Myc/Miz-1 complex. In contrast, mutated forms of Arnt, that were unable to interact with Miz-1, had reduced capability to activate transcription. Moreover, repression of Arnt reduced endogenous CDKN2B expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that Arnt interacts with the CDKN2B promoter. The transcriptional activity of Arnt was counteracted by Myc, but not by a mutated variant of Myc that is unable to interact with Miz-1, suggesting mutually exclusive interaction of Arnt and Myc with Miz-1. Our results also establish CDKN2B as a hypoxia regulated gene, as endogenous CDKN2B mRNA and protein levels were reduced by hypoxic treatment of U2OS cells. Conclusions Our data reveal a novel mode of regulation by protein-protein interaction that directly ties together, at the transcriptional level, the Myc- and hypoxia-dependent signaling pathways and expands our understanding of the roles of hypoxia and cell cycle alterations during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reidun Aesoy
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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Sczelecki S, Besse-Patin A, Abboud A, Kleiner S, Laznik-Bogoslavski D, Wrann CD, Ruas JL, Haibe-Kains B, Estall JL. Loss of Pgc-1α expression in aging mouse muscle potentiates glucose intolerance and systemic inflammation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 306:E157-67. [PMID: 24280126 PMCID: PMC4073996 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00578.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes risk increases significantly with age and correlates with lower oxidative capacity in muscle. Decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α) and target gene pathways involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are associated with muscle insulin resistance, but a causative role has not been established. We sought to determine whether a decline in Pgc-1α and oxidative gene expression occurs during aging and potentiates the development of age-associated insulin resistance. Muscle-specific Pgc-1α knockout (MKO) mice and wild-type littermate controls were aged for 2 yr. Genetic signatures of skeletal muscle (microarray and mRNA expression) and metabolic profiles (glucose homeostasis, mitochondrial metabolism, body composition, lipids, and indirect calorimetry) of mice were compared at 3, 12, and 24 mo of age. Microarray and gene set enrichment analysis highlighted decreased function of the electron transport chain as characteristic of both aging muscle and loss of Pgc-1α expression. Despite significant reductions in oxidative gene expression and succinate dehydrogenase activity, young mice lacking Pgc-1α in muscle had lower fasting glucose and insulin. Consistent with loss of oxidative capacity during aging, Pgc-1α and Pgc-1β expression were reduced in aged wild-type mouse muscle. Interestingly, the combination of age and loss of muscle Pgc-1α expression impaired glucose tolerance and led to increased fat mass, insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers in white adipose and liver tissues. Therefore, loss of Pgc-1α expression and decreased mitochondrial oxidative capacity contribute to worsening glucose tolerance and chronic systemic inflammation associated with aging.
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Ruas JL, White JP, Rao RR, Kleiner S, Brannan KT, Harrison BC, Greene NP, Wu J, Estall JL, Irving BA, Lanza IR, Rasbach KA, Okutsu M, Nair KS, Yan Z, Leinwand LA, Spiegelman BM. A PGC-1α isoform induced by resistance training regulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Cell 2013; 151:1319-31. [PMID: 23217713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator induced by exercise that gives muscle many of the best known adaptations to endurance-type exercise but has no effects on muscle strength or hypertrophy. We have identified a form of PGC-1α (PGC-1α4) that results from alternative promoter usage and splicing of the primary transcript. PGC-1α4 is highly expressed in exercised muscle but does not regulate most known PGC-1α targets such as the mitochondrial OXPHOS genes. Rather, it specifically induces IGF1 and represses myostatin, and expression of PGC-1α4 in vitro and in vivo induces robust skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Importantly, mice with skeletal muscle-specific transgenic expression of PGC-1α4 show increased muscle mass and strength and dramatic resistance to the muscle wasting of cancer cachexia. Expression of PGC-1α4 is preferentially induced in mouse and human muscle during resistance exercise. These studies identify a PGC-1α protein that regulates and coordinates factors involved in skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Cell Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Lustig Y, Ruas JL, Estall JL, Lo JC, Devarakonda S, Laznik D, Choi JH, Ono H, Olsen JV, Spiegelman BM. Separation of the gluconeogenic and mitochondrial functions of PGC-1{alpha} through S6 kinase. Genes Dev 2011; 25:1232-44. [PMID: 21646374 DOI: 10.1101/gad.2054711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator that powerfully regulates many pathways linked to energy homeostasis. Specifically, PGC-1α controls mitochondrial biogenesis in most tissues but also initiates important tissue-specific functions, including fiber type switching in skeletal muscle and gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in the liver. We show here that S6 kinase, activated in the liver upon feeding, can phosphorylate PGC-1α directly on two sites within its arginine/serine-rich (RS) domain. This phosphorylation significantly attenuates the ability of PGC-1α to turn on genes of gluconeogenesis in cultured hepatocytes and in vivo, while leaving the functions of PGC-1α as an activator of mitochondrial and fatty acid oxidation genes completely intact. These phosphorylations interfere with the ability of PGC-1α to bind to HNF4α, a transcription factor required for gluconeogenesis, while leaving undisturbed the interactions of PGC-1α with ERRα and PPARα, factors important for mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. These data illustrate that S6 kinase can modify PGC-1α and thus allow molecular dissection of its functions, providing metabolic flexibility needed for dietary adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Lustig
- Department of Cell Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Wu J, Ruas JL, Estall JL, Rasbach KA, Choi JH, Ye L, Boström P, Tyra HM, Crawford RW, Campbell KP, Rutkowski DT, Kaufman RJ, Spiegelman BM. The unfolded protein response mediates adaptation to exercise in skeletal muscle through a PGC-1α/ATF6α complex. Cell Metab 2011; 13:160-9. [PMID: 21284983 PMCID: PMC3057411 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exercise has been shown to be effective for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms for adaptation to exercise training are not fully understood. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been linked to metabolic dysfunction. Here we show that the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive response pathway that maintains ER homeostasis upon luminal stress, is activated in skeletal muscle during exercise and adapts skeletal muscle to exercise training. The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α, which regulates several exercise-associated aspects of skeletal muscle function, mediates the UPR in myotubes and skeletal muscle through coactivation of ATF6α. Efficient recovery from acute exercise is compromised in ATF6α(-/-) mice. Blocking ER-stress-related cell death via deletion of CHOP partially rescues the exercise intolerance phenotype in muscle-specific PGC-1α KO mice. These findings suggest that modulation of the UPR through PGC1α represents an alternative avenue to improve skeletal muscle function and achieve metabolic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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