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Yen YH, Moi SH, Liu YW, Yong CC, Wang CC, Li WF, Lin CY. Conditional survival after liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Updates Surg 2025:10.1007/s13304-025-02226-w. [PMID: 40360807 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-025-02226-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
Abstract
Conditional survival (CS) is a measure of prognosis of patients who have already survived several years since diagnosis. However, few studies have investigated the CS of patients who underwent liver resection (LR) for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We enrolled 942 consecutive patients who underwent LR for HCC with pathology-defined American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th edition stage 1 or 2 disease. The three-year CS was calculated as CS = S(x + 3)/S(x) and represented the probability of surviving an additional three years, given that the patient had already survived x years. The one-, three-, and five-year survival rates were 97.1%, 86.7%, and 76.1%, respectively, and were lower in cases with AJCC stage 2 disease, alpha-fetoprotein level of ≥ 20 ng/ml, presence of cirrhosis, anti-hepatitis C virus positivity, age > 65 years, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score of > 9. However, the three-year CS indicated that these variables were associated with shortened survival only in the first two years. From the third year after LR, the probability of survival of patients was similar between subgroups. CS is useful for providing a dynamic evaluation of survival during postoperative follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hao Yen
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Sin-Hua Moi
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Wei Liu
- Liver Transplantation Center and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Chien Yong
- Liver Transplantation Center and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Wang
- Liver Transplantation Center and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Feng Li
- Liver Transplantation Center and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yun Lin
- Biostatistics Center of Kaohsiung Chang, Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Li X, Liu Q, Wu M, Wang H, Yang J, Mu X, Zhang XD. Artificially Engineered Nanoprobes for Ultrasensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2403099. [PMID: 39562174 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202403099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive and radiation-free technique used for soft tissue. However, there are some limitations of the MRI modality, such as low sensitivity and poor image resolution. Artificially engineered magnetic nanoprobes have been extensively explored as a versatile platform for ultrasensitive MRI contrast agents due to their unique physiochemical characteristics and tunable magnetic properties. In this review, the emphasis is on recent progress in MRI nanoprobes with different structures and elements, including gadolinium-, iron-, manganese-based and metal-free nanoprobes. The key influencing factors and advanced engineering strategies for modulating the relaxation ratio of MRI nanoprobes are systematically condensed. Furthermore, the widespread and noninvasive visualization applications of MRI nanoprobes for real time monitoring of major organs and accurate disease diagnosing, such as cerebrovascular, ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, liver fibrosis, whole-body tumors, inflammation, as well as multi-mode imaging applications are summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the future development of MRI nanoprobes are discussed, and promising strategies are specifically emphasized for improving biocompatibility, precisely engineering of optimal size, AI-driven prediction and design, and multifunctional self-assembly to enhance diagnostics. This review will provide new inspiration for artificial engineering and nanotechnology-based molecular probes for medical diagnosis and therapy with ultrasensitive MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qingshan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Wang J, Hu Y, Zhou L, Yang Y, Chen J, Chen H, Wang H. Non-surgery strategy versus hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with complete response after conversion therapy: a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:349. [PMID: 39731166 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 12/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is ongoing debate surrounding the optimal therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients achieving complete response (CR) after conversion therapy. This meta-analysis compares the prognostic outcomes of non-surgery strategies with hepatectomy. METHODS The systematic searches were conducted up to April 11, 2024, across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, analyzing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Subgroup analyses were conducted based on whether patients achieved a clinical CR or a radiologic CR, as well as the regimen of non-surgery strategy employed. RESULTS Six studies with 481 patients were identified. Non-surgery strategy was linked to significantly worse PFS compared to hepatectomy (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.60 to 2.90). However, there was not a notable difference in OS between the two groups (HR = 1.35; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.96). Subgroup analysis showed that for patients with clinical CR, there were no notable differences in both PFS and OS. Conversely, patients with radiologic CR experienced significantly worse PFS and OS when treated with non-surgery strategy. CONCLUSIONS Non-surgery strategy might provide comparable outcomes to hepatectomy for HCC patients with clinical CR, as opposed to those with radiologic CR. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Ninghai Chengguan Hospital, Ningbo, 315600, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyi Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China.
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Hu Z, Wang X, Fu Y, Yang D, Zhou Z, Chen M, Song X, Zhang Y. Survival benefit of liver resection following complete response to transarterial chemoembolization for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective, multicenter, cohort study. Int J Surg 2024; 110:1019-1027. [PMID: 38006301 PMCID: PMC10871594 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High rate of tumor recurrence jeopardized the long-term survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with complete response to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). This study aims to evaluate the survival benefit of liver resection (LR) following the complete response to TACE for intermediate-stage HCC. METHODS A total of 281 intermediate-stage HCC patients with complete response to TACE followed by persistent observation (TACE group) or LR (TLR group) from 01 January 2011 to 31 December 2021 from three institutions in China were included. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients were compared between the two groups by propensity score-matching (PSM). RESULTS After PSM, the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS rates were 91.4, 71.5, and 57.1% in the TACE group, and 96.6, 81.8, and 72.1% in the TLR group. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year DFS rates were 50.6, 22.6, and 6.8% in the TACE group, and 77.3, 56.3, and 38.7% in the TLR group. Compared with the TACE group, the TLR group showed significantly longer OS (HR, 0.528; 95% CI: 0.315-0.887; P =0.014) and DFS (HR, 0.388; 95% CI: 0.260-0.580; P <0.001). In patients beyond up-to-seven criterion, no difference was observed with OS (HR, 0.708; 95% CI: 0.354-1.419; P =0.329). LR following the complete response to TACE was safety. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that intermediate-stage HCC patients could benefit from LR following the complete response to TACE, resulting in longer OS and DFS. In addition, patients beyond up-to-seven could not benefit from the LR treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) Changsha
| | - Yizhen Fu
- Department of Liver Surgery
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Dinghua Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongguo Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Minshan Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
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Wang L, Li X, Dong XJ, Yu XL, Zhang J, Cheng ZG, Han ZY, Liu FY, Yu J, Liang P. Dendritic cell-cytokine killer combined with microwave ablation reduced recurrence for hepatocellular carcinoma compared to ablation alone. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:1819-1834. [PMID: 38393935 DOI: 10.3233/thc-230871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several international practice guidelines have recommended local ablation as the first-line treatment for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the synergetic anti-tumor impact of dendritic cell-cytokine killer (DC-CIK) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) for HCC. METHODS This retrospective study included 1,141 patients from the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I-II HCC, who were treated with therapeutic MWA. The immunotherapy group encompassing 40 patients received additional immunotherapy with DC-CIK, whereas the control group consisting of 1,101 patients was treated with MWA alone. Propensity score matching (PSM) with ratio of 1:3 was employed to balance selection bias. The oncological outcome and immune status were measured after combination therapy. RESULTS The immunotherapy group patients exhibited significant longer disease-free survival (DFS, primary HCC: p= 0.036; recurrent HCC: p= 0.026). For patients with primary HCC, the recurrence frequency was reduced (p= 0.002), and recurrence interval (19 months vs. 9 months, p< 0.001) was prolonged in the immunotherapy group. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients ⩽ 60 years old, moderately-differentiated HCC, or co-infected with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) had a significant benefit over DFS in the immunotherapy group. After combination therapy, the serum CD3+ (p= 0.049), CD8/CD28+ (p= 0.045) were elevated. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with DC-CIK and MWA can significantly reduce the recurrence and prolong DFS, especially for patients ⩽ 60 years old or with moderately-differentiated HCC or co-infected with HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Juan Dong
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Cheng
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Han
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Yi Liu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Jeon D, Cha HR, Chung SW, Choi J, Lee D, Shim JH, Kim KM, Lim YS, Lee HC, Lee SW, Choi WM. Association between statin use and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after resection: a nationwide cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 65:102300. [PMID: 37965429 PMCID: PMC10641481 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatic resection experience tumor recurrence. Statin use is associated with a reduced risk of HCC development; however, the association between statin use and the prognosis of HCC after resection remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of statin use on the prognosis after hepatic resection among patients with HCC. METHODS A nationwide cohort study was performed with data from the National Health Insurance Service Database in Korea. Among 65,101 HCC patients who underwent hepatic resection between January 2002 and December 2017, we included 21,470 patients. For validation, a hospital-based cohort of 3366 patients with very early or early-stage HCC who received curative-intent hepatic resection between January 2010 and December 2018 was analyzed. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was compared between statin users and non-users. FINDINGS Among the nationwide cohort of 21,470 patients, 2399 (11.2%) used statins and 19,071 (88.8%) did not. Among the hospital cohort of 3366 patients, 363 (10.8%) used statins and 3003 (89.2%) did not. In the propensity score-matched nationwide cohort, statin users had better RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.64; P < 0.001) and OS (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.45-0.53; P < 0.001), with a duration-response relationship. In the propensity score-matched validation hospital cohort, statin treatment was significantly associated with better RFS (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.59-0.90; P = 0.003) and OS (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.32-0.72; P < 0.001). The beneficial effects of statins were more prominent in non-cirrhotics, tumors sized ≥3 cm, tumors with microscopic vascular invasion, or early HCC recurrence (<2 years after resection). INTERPRETATION Statin use was associated with a better prognosis in a population-based cohort of patients with HCC after hepatic resection, which was further validated in a large hospital-based cohort. FUNDING Asan Institute for Life Sciences and Corporate Relations; Korean Association for the Study of the Liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsub Jeon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryeong Cha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Chung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggi Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Danbi Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Shim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Mo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Chu Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mook Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choi J, Choi WM, Lim YS. Are the New Nucleos(t)ide Analogs Better than the Old Nucleos(t)ide Analogs? Clin Liver Dis 2023; 27:809-818. [PMID: 37778771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
In treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, entecavir (ETV), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and tenofovir alafenamide have a minimal or no risk of drug-resistance. These 3 nucleos(t)ide analog agents are highly potent inducing high rate of virologic response (reducing serum HBV DNA to levels undetectable by polymerase chain reaction assays) in most treatment-naïve patients. Our randomized trials have demonstrated that monotherapy with TDF can provide a successful virological response in most of the heavily pretreated patients with multidrug resistance to ETV or adefovir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggi Choi
- Department Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mook Choi
- Department Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Wang L, Cong R, Chen Z, Li D, Feng B, Liang M, Wang S, Ma X, Zhao X. Determination of prognostic predictors in patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma: histogram analysis of multiparametric MRI. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:3362-3372. [PMID: 37561148 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the histogram parameters of preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical-radiological (CR) characteristics as prognostic predictors in patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 5 cm and to determine the optimal time window for histogram analysis. METHODS We retrospectively included 151 patients who underwent preoperative MRI between January 2012 and December 2017. All patients were randomly separated into training and validation cohorts (n = 105 and 46). Eight whole-lesion histogram parameters were extracted from T2-weighted images, apparent diffusion coefficient maps, and dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate these histogram parameters and CR variables related to early recurrence (ER) and recurrence-free survival. A nomogram was derived from the clinical-radiological-histogram (CRH) model that incorporated these risk factors. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic performance of the CRH model. RESULTS In total, 151 patients (male: female, 130: 21; median age, 54.46 ± 9.09 years) were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the significant risk factors of ER were Mean Absolute Deviation and Minimum in the histogram analysis of the delayed phase images, as well as three important CR variables: albumin-bilirubin grade, microvascular invasion, and tumor size. The nomogram built by incorporating these risk factors showed satisfactory predictive ability in the training and validation cohorts with AUC values of 0.747 and 0.765, respectively. Furthermore, the prognostic nomogram can effectively classify patients into high- and low-risk groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Multiparametric MRI-derived histogram parameters provide additional value in predicting patient prognosis. The CRH model may be a useful and noninvasive method for achieving prognostic stratification and personalized disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyao Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Meng Liang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Sicong Wang
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research, General Electric Healthcare (China), Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xinming Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Chen S, Huang C, Liao G, Sun H, Xie Y, Liao C, Wang J, He M, Hu H, Dai Z, Ren X, Zeng X, Lin Z, Zhang GP, Xie W, Shen S, Li S, Peng S, Kuang DM, Zhao Q, Duda DG, Kuang M. Distinct single-cell immune ecosystems distinguish true and de novo HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma recurrences. Gut 2023; 72:1196-1210. [PMID: 36596711 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Revealing the single-cell immune ecosystems in true versus de novo hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrences could help the optimal development of immunotherapies. DESIGN We performed 5'and VDJ single-cell RNA-sequencing on 34 samples from 20 recurrent HCC patients. Bulk RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry, multiplexed immunofluorescence, and in vitro functional analyses were performed on samples from two validation cohorts. RESULTS Analyses of mutational profiles and evolutionary trajectories in paired primary and recurrent HCC samples using whole-exome sequencing identified de novo versus true recurrences, some of which occurred before clinical diagnosis. The tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) of truly recurrent HCCs was characterised by an increased abundance in KLRB1+CD8+ T cells with memory phenotype and low cytotoxicity. In contrast, we found an enrichment in cytotoxic and exhausted CD8+ T cells in the TIME of de novo recurrent HCCs. Transcriptomic and interaction analyses showed elevated GDF15 expression on HCC cells in proximity to dendritic cells, which may have dampened antigen presentation and inhibited antitumour immunity in truly recurrent lesions. In contrast, myeloid cells' cross talk with T cells-mediated T cell exhaustion and immunosuppression in the TIME of de novo recurrent HCCs. Consistent with these findings, a phase 2 trial of neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy showed more responses in de novo recurrent HCC patients. CONCLUSION True and de novo HCC recurrences occur early, have distinct TIME and may require different immunotherapy strategies. Our study provides a source for genomic diagnosis and immune profiling for guiding immunotherapy based on the type of HCC recurrence and the specific TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Chen
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanrui Liao
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichuan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Xie
- Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyi Liao
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui He
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjing Hu
- Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Dai
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ren
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhen Zeng
- Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Lin
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Pei Zhang
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Xie
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunli Shen
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sui Peng
- Precision Medicine Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Ming Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan G Duda
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ming Kuang
- Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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10
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Giri S, Agrawal D, Afzalpurkar S, Gopan A, Angadi S, Sundaram S. Tenofovir versus entecavir for tertiary prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B infection after curative therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Viral Hepat 2023; 30:108-115. [PMID: 36321967 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Entecavir (ETV) and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are the first-line drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, the impact of these two antiviral agents on the outcome of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative therapy remains to be explored. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of ETV and TDF on recurrence and mortality after curative treatment for HBV-related HCC. A comprehensive literature search of multiple electronic databases was conducted from 2000 to January 2022 for studies comparing ETV and TDF for HBV-related HCC patients after curative therapy. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were pooled using a random-effects model. A total of nine studies with 5298 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. TDF was associated with a lower risk of HCC recurrence [aHR 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65-0.81] compared to HCC. TDF reduced the risk of late recurrence compared to ETV (aHR 0.58, 95% CI 0.45-0.76) but not early recurrence (aHR 0.88, 95% CI 0.76-1.02). The mortality risk was also lower with TDF compared to ETV (aHR 0.62, 95% CI 0.50-0.77). TDF was associated with a lower risk of recurrence and mortality than ETV after resection or ablation of HBV-related HCC. Further prospective randomized controlled studies are warranted to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Giri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dhiraj Agrawal
- Department of Gastroenterology, PACE Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shivaraj Afzalpurkar
- Institute of Gastrosciences and Liver, Apollo Multispecialty Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrit Gopan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Sumaswi Angadi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sridhar Sundaram
- Department of Digestive Diseases and Clinical Nutrition, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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11
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Yu SJ, Yoo JJ, Lee DH, Kim SJ, Cho EJ, Kim SH, Lee JH, Kim YJ, Lee JM, Lee JY, Yoon JH. Adding MRI as a Surveillance Test for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Can Improve Prognosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:382. [PMID: 36830919 PMCID: PMC9953123 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect early stages of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the survival benefit of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI in the surveillance of patients with cirrhosis has not yet been determined. We explored whether the intermittent replacement of ultrasonography (USG) with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI during HCC surveillance improved the clinical outcomes of patients with cirrhosis. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 421 HCC patients who were newly diagnosed during surveillance. Of these patients, 126 (29.9%) underwent surveillance based on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and USG (USG+MRI group). The patients (295, 70.1%) who did not undergo MRI during surveillance were referred to as the USG group. In the USG+MRI group, 120 (95.2%) of 126 patients were diagnosed with early-stage HCC, whereas 247 (83.7%) of 295 patients were diagnosed with early-stage HCC in the USG group (P = 0.009). The significantly longer overall survival and time to progression in patients in the USG+MRI group compared to the unmatched cohort USG group was consistently observed by inverse probability weighting and propensity score-matched analysis. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI combined surveillance improved the detection of early-stage HCC and clinical outcomes such as overall survival and the time to progression in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ju Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyaung University, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Statistics, Soonchunhyaung University, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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12
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Yeh SH, Li CL, Lin YY, Ho MC, Wang YC, Tseng ST, Chen PJ. Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration Drives Carcinogenesis and Provides a New Biomarker for HBV-related HCC. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:921-929. [PMID: 36690297 PMCID: PMC9972564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration is an incidental event in the virus replication cycle and occurs in less than 1% of infected hepatocytes during viral infection. However, HBV DNA is present in the genome of approximately 90% of HBV-related HCCs and is the most common somatic mutation. Whole genome sequencing of liver tissues from chronic hepatitis B patients showed integration occurring at random positions in human chromosomes; however, in the genomes of HBV-related HCC patients, there are integration hotspots. Both the enrichment of the HBV-integration proportion in HCC and the emergence of integration hotspots suggested a strong positive selection of HBV-integrated hepatocytes to progress to HCC. The activation of HBV integration hotspot genes, such as telomerase (TERT) or histone methyltransferase (MLL4/KMT2B), resembles insertional mutagenesis by oncogenic animal retroviruses. These candidate oncogenic genes might shed new light on HBV-related HCC biology and become targets for new cancer therapies. Finally, the HBV integrations in individual HCC contain unique sequences at the junctions, such as virus-host chimera DNA (vh-DNA) presumably being a signature molecule for individual HCC. HBV integration may thus provide a new cell-free tumor DNA biomarker to monitor residual HCC after curative therapies or to track the development of de novo HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiou-Hwei Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Ling Li
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University College of Life Science, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Ho
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Pei-Jer Chen
- National Taiwan University Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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13
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Zhang X, Wang C, Zheng D, Liao Y, Wang X, Huang Z, Zhong Q. Radiomics nomogram based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging for predicting early recurrence in small hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1013770. [PMID: 36439458 PMCID: PMC9686343 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1013770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies on the application of radiomics in the risk prediction of early recurrence (ER) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). This study evaluated the value of a multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, mpMRI)-based radiomics nomogram in predicting ER of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after RFA. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 90 patients with small HCC who were treated with RFA. Patients were divided into two groups according to recurrence within 2 years: the ER group (n=38) and the non-ER group (n=52). Preoperative T1WI, T2WI, and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) were used for radiomic analysis. Tumor segmentation was performed on the images and applied to extract 1316 radiomics features. The most predictive features were selected using analysis of variance + Mann-Whitney, Spearman's rank correlation test, random forest (importance), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. Radiomics models based on each sequence or combined sequences were established using logistic regression analysis. A predictive nomogram was constructed based on the radiomics score (rad-score) and clinical predictors. The predictive efficiency of the nomogram was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the nomogram. RESULTS The radiomics model mpMRI, which is based on T1WI, T2WI, and CE-MRI sequences, showed the best predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.812 for the validation cohort. Combined with the clinical risk factors of albumin level, number of tumors, and rad-score of mpMRI, the AUC of the preoperative predictive nomogram in the training and validation cohorts were 0.869 and 0.812, respectively. DCA demonstrated that the combined nomogram is clinically useful. CONCLUSIONS The multi-parametric MRI-based radiomics nomogram has a high predictive value for ER of small HCC after RFA, which could be helpful for personalized risk stratification and further treatment decision-making for patients with small HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuandong Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuting Liao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Radiology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- Department of Radiology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qun Zhong
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Surgical resection versus radiofrequency ablation for early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:844-851. [PMID: 35694799 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection (SR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are reasonable treatment options for early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC), but it is still uncertain which treatment is better. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of SR and RFA on patients with early rHCC. METHODS This study enrolled 168 patients with early rHCC who underwent SR or RFA. The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and complications between the treatment groups for the total and propensity score-matched (PSM) cohorts were compared. RESULTS Before PSM, the 1-, 3-, 5-year OS (94.8%, 63.0%, 36.1% vs. 93.8%, 58.5%, 35.4%, P = 0.580) and PFS (50.7%, 22.7%, 12.0% vs. 68.8%, 30.3%, 15.9%, P = 0.224) were similar in RFA group and the SR group. After PSM, the 1-, 3-, 5-year OS (95.5%, 71.1%, 53.3% vs. 95.5%, 58.0%, 42.1%, P = 0.285) and PFS (50%, 36.4%, 27.3% vs. 68.2%, 25.6%, 12.8%, P = 0.999) were similar in the RFA group and the SR group. For patients with early recurrent tumors ≤3 cm, RFA and SR could achieve similar curative effects. However, SR was superior to RFA in terms PFS for patients with early recurrent tumors >3 cm, but the OS was similar. For all patients, RFA had significantly fewer complications and shorter hospitalization time compared with SR. CONCLUSION SR achieves better tumor control compared with RFA for patients with early rHCC (>3 cm) after SR. RFA had significantly fewer complications and shorter hospitalization time compared with SR for all patients.
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15
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Huang Y, Chen L, Huang R, Zhu C, Shang J, Qian Y, Lian J, Liu L, Jiang J, Liu C, Gui H, Xie Q. Tenofovir is superior to entecavir in reducing HCC for patients with HBV-related compensated cirrhosis at high HCC risk scores. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221102791. [PMID: 35757781 PMCID: PMC9218453 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221102791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) are known to reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to compare the difference in HCC risk reduction between TDF and ETV in treatment-naïve patients with CHB-related compensated cirrhosis. METHODS Patients with compensated cirrhosis initially treated with TDF or ETV at nine Chinese hospitals between June 2014 and March 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The cumulative HCC incidence rates for the two drugs were compared for the entire cohort, and a subgroup analysis was performed according to the HCC risk scores. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control confounding biases. RESULTS The analysis included 1453 patients (TDF group, n = 188; ETV group, n = 1265). Ninety-five patients developed HCC, with a median follow-up period of 26.1 months. The 3-year HCC incidence was 2.0% in the TDF group and 7.5% in the ETV group (log-rank p = 0.005). TDF treatment was associated with a lower risk of HCC than ETV treatment [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.222, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.070-0.702, p = 0.010] but was similar after PSM (HR = 0.483, 95% CI, 0.144-1.626, p = 0.240; log-rank p = 0.230). However, subgroup analysis showed that the cumulative HCC incidence was lower in the TDF group than in the ETV group among patients with a modified PAGE-B score (mPAGE-B) ⩾9, either before or after PSM (log-rank p = 0.048 and p = 0.023, respectively). CONCLUSION Among patients with an mPAGE-B score ⩾9, TDF is associated with a lower HCC incidence than ETV in patients with CHB-related compensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lichang Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanwu Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunsong Qian
- Department of Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianqi Lian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Longgen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Jianning Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chenghai Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Honglian Gui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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16
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Margonis GA, Andreatos N, Wang J, Weiss MJ, Wolfgang CL. Lessons learned from hepatocellular carcinoma may cause a paradigm shift in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: a narrative review and discussion of conceptual similarities in tumor progression and recurrence. JOURNAL OF PANCREATOLOGY 2022; 5:36-40. [PMID: 39640535 PMCID: PMC11619816 DOI: 10.1097/jp9.0000000000000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the natural history of recurrence/progression in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas has not been studied thoroughly, the three principal mechanisms have been identified: (a) presence of residual disease at the transection margin, (b) presence of intraductal/intraparenchymal metastases and (c) development of new primary lesions. Mechanisms (a) and (b) result in metastatic lesions that are genetically related to the primary, while new primary lesions (mechanism c) are genetically distinct. Interestingly, recurrence/progression in IPMN displays conceptual parallels with the well-established paradigm of disease recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Specifically, patients with HCC may also develop recurrent tumors due to microscopic residual disease/intrahepatic metastasis which are genetically similar to the primary while the development of genetically unrelated, de novo HCC after curative-intent resection is also common. The latter has been attributed to the presence of a widespread genetic abnormality ("field defect") in the liver (ie, cirrhosis). Given the conceptual similarities between IPMN and HCC, a pancreatic "field defect"may also be hypothesized to exist. This review does not suggest that HCC and IPMN have identical pathogeneses, but rather that they have conceptual similarities in tumor recurrence/progression; thus, lessons learned from HCC could be applied to IPMN research and subsequent management. Conceptual similarities in tumor progression and recurrence may also be observed between IPMN and other malignancies. However, HCC was selected because it is well studied and can serve as a paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolaos Andreatos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jane Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Matthew J. Weiss
- Department of Surgery, Northwell Health Cancer Institute and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Lake Success
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17
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Xu B, Liu L, Song G. Functions and Regulation of Translation Elongation Factors. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:816398. [PMID: 35127825 PMCID: PMC8807479 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.816398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation is a key step of protein synthesis, during which the nascent polypeptide chain extends by one amino acid residue during one elongation cycle. More and more data revealed that the elongation is a key regulatory node for translational control in health and disease. During elongation, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu, eEF1A in eukaryotes) is used to deliver aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) to the A-site of the ribosome, and elongation factor G (EF-G, EF2 in eukaryotes and archaea) is used to facilitate the translocation of the tRNA2-mRNA complex on the ribosome. Other elongation factors, such as EF-Ts/eEF1B, EF-P/eIF5A, EF4, eEF3, SelB/EFsec, TetO/Tet(M), RelA and BipA, have been found to affect the overall rate of elongation. Here, we made a systematic review on the canonical and non-canonical functions and regulation of these elongation factors. In particular, we discussed the close link between translational factors and human diseases, and clarified how post-translational modifications control the activity of translational factors in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjin Xu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Benjin Xu, ; Guangtao Song,
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China
| | - Guangtao Song
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Benjin Xu, ; Guangtao Song,
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18
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Liu Y, Liu J, Cui J, Zhong R, Sun G. Role of lncRNA LINC01194 in hepatocellular carcinoma via the miR-655-3p/SMAD family member 5 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1115-1125. [PMID: 34978464 PMCID: PMC8805840 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2017678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study explored the role of lncRNA LINC01194, which is upregulated in HCC tissues and might be a vital regulator in HCC progression. Levels of LINC01194, microRNA (miR)-655-3p, and SMAD family member 5 (SMAD5) were assessed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The bioactivity of Huh-7 cells was assessed using cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays and flow cytometry. Western blotting was conducted to measure the expression of invasion- and apoptosis-related proteins. The relationships between lncRNA LINC01194 and miR-655-3p, and miR-655-3p and SMAD5 were predicted using StarBase and TargetScan, and further verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. LINC01194 was overexpressed in HCC cells and in clinical samples. ILINC01194 silencing suppressed proliferation and migration; however, it promoted apoptosis in HCC cell lines. We also confirmed that miR-655-3p could bind to LINC01194, and miR-655-3p was downregulated in HCC. The upregulation of miR-655-3p suppressed HCC cell invasion and migration, and enhanced the number of apoptotic cells. SMAD5, which was overexpressed in HCC cell lines, was directly targeted by miR-655-3p. Therefore, LINC01194 promoted HCC development by decreasing miR-655-3p expression and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junkai Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruolei Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoyang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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19
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Kim HI, An J, Kim JY, Shin HP, Park SY, Song GW, Lee HC, Shim JH. Postresection Period-Specific Hazard of Recurrence as a Framework for Surveillance Strategy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Outcome Study. Liver Cancer 2021; 11:141-151. [PMID: 35634426 PMCID: PMC9109079 DOI: 10.1159/000518837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In spite of the high frequency of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection, little evidence exists to directly help to plan a reasonable schedule for the frequency and intensity of postoperative surveillance for recurrence. METHODS 1,918 consecutive patients with Child-Turcott-Pugh class A who had T1- or T2-staged HCCs detected by active surveillance and underwent curative resection for their tumors at 3 teaching hospitals in Korea, followed by recurrence screening at 6-monthly or shorter intervals. To set an evidence-based timetable for postoperative surveillance, we investigated the annual hazard rate of recurrence through postoperative year 10 in patients undergoing hepatectomy for HCC, and the clinical and morphological phenotypes associated with early versus late recurrence. RESULTS The estimated hazard rate for recurrence peaked during year 0-1 (21.7%), with a subsequent gradual decrease through 5 years, followed by stabilization at <7.0% until year 10, except in the case of cirrhotics, who had a rate of 10.5% during year 4-5. Multivariate time-to-recurrence analysis by recurrence period revealed that serum alpha-fetoprotein ≥200 ng/mL, larger size of tumor, tumor multiplicity, microvascular invasion, capsular invasion, and higher METAVIR fibrosis stage were significantly related to disease recurrence within 5 years after resection, while cirrhosis (METAVIR F4) alone was related to disease recurrence beyond 5 years (Ps < 0.05). Post-relapse overall survival was better in the latter group (p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Our chronological and morphological insights into recurrence after resection of primary HCCs may help implement an optimal intensity of surveillance for recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Il Kim
- Gastroenterology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun An
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kim
- Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Phil Shin
- Gastroenterology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Statistics and Data Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Won Song
- Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Chu Lee
- Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Shim
- Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Ju Hyun Shim,
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20
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Cao P, Yang A, Li P, Xia X, Han Y, Zhou G, Wang R, Yang F, Li Y, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Ji H, Lu L, He F, Zhou G. Genomic gain of RRS1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma through reducing the RPL11-MDM2-p53 signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/35/eabf4304. [PMID: 34433556 PMCID: PMC8386927 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf4304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are characterized by frequent somatic genomic copy number alterations (CNAs), with most of them biologically unexplored. Here, we performed integrative analyses combining CNAs with the transcriptomic data to reveal the cis- and trans-effects of CNAs in HCC. We identified recurrent genomic gains of chromosome 8q, which exhibit strong trans-effects and are broadly associated with ribosome biogenesis activity. Furthermore, 8q gain-driven overexpression of ribosome biogenesis regulator (RRS1) promotes growth of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RRS1 attenuates ribosomal stress through retaining RPL11 in the nucleolus, which, in turn, potentiates MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53. Clinically, higher RRS1 expression levels predict poor clinical outcomes for patients with HCC, especially in those with intact p53 Our findings established that the chromosome 8q oncogene RRS1 promotes HCC development through attenuating the RPL11-MDM2-p53 pathway and provided new potential targets for treatment of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Aiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, China
| | - Hongzan Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing City, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jingdu Hospital, Nanjing City, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Gangqiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences at Beijing, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, China
- Hebei University, Shijiazhuang City, China
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21
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Shahrisa A, Tahmasebi-Birgani M, Ansari H, Mohammadi Z, Carloni V, Mohammadi Asl J. The pattern of gene copy number alteration (CNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma: an in silico analysis. Mol Cytogenet 2021; 14:33. [PMID: 34215297 PMCID: PMC8254242 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-021-00553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer that occurs predominantly in patients with previous liver conditions. In the absence of an ideal screening modality, HCC is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Recent studies show that loss or gain of genomic materials can activate the oncogenes or inactivate the tumor suppressor genes to predispose cells toward carcinogenesis. Here, we evaluated both the copy number alteration (CNA) and RNA sequencing data of 361 HCC samples in order to locate the frequently altered chromosomal regions and identify the affected genes. RESULTS Our data show that the chr1q and chr8p are two hotspot regions for genomic amplifications and deletions respectively. Among the amplified genes, YY1AP1 (chr1q22) possessed the largest correlation between CNA and gene expression. Moreover, it showed a positive correlation between CNA and tumor grade. Regarding deleted genes, CHMP7 (chr8p21.3) possessed the largest correlation between CNA and gene expression. Protein products of both genes interact with other cellular proteins to carry out various functional roles. These include ASH1L, ZNF496, YY1, ZMYM4, CHMP4A, CHMP5, CHMP2A and CHMP3, some of which are well-known cancer-related genes. CONCLUSIONS Our in-silico analysis demonstrates the importance of copy number alterations in the pathology of HCC. These findings open a door for future studies that evaluate our results by performing additional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Shahrisa
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tahmasebi-Birgani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Department of Biotechnology, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vinicio Carloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Javad Mohammadi Asl
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Tertiary Prevention of HCC in Chronic Hepatitis B or C Infected Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071729. [PMID: 33917345 PMCID: PMC8038691 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence is the major obstacle concerning patients’ survival. Tertiary prevention by antiviral therapies could reduce HCC recurrence rate in both chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients. In chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, nucleos(t)ide analogues (Nuc) provide a more effective HCC tertiary prevention effect than an interferon (IFN)-based regimen. In chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, the tertiary prevention effect by direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) was reported non-inferior to that by IFN-based therapy. Chronic hepatitis C patients left untreated had the worst survival benefit as well as shorted recurrence-free interval than those treated by either type of antiviral regimen. Although the risk of HCC recurrence could only be decreased but not diminished by antiviral therapies due to host and microenvironmental factors beyond virus infection, antiviral therapy helps to preserve and improve liver function which makes multi-modality anticancer treatment feasible to improve survival. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as a leading cause of common cancer and cancer-related death. The major etiology of HCC is due to chronic hepatitis virus including HBV and HCV infections. Scheduled HCC surveillance in high risk populations improves the early detection rate and the feasibility of curative treatment. However, high HCC recurrence rate still accounts for the poor prognosis of HCC patients. In this article, we critically review the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma and the evidence of tertiary prevention efficacy by current available antiviral treatment, and discuss the knowledge gap in viral hepatitis-related HCC tertiary prevention.
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23
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Choi J, Jo C, Lim YS. Tenofovir Versus Entecavir on Recurrence of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Surgical Resection. Hepatology 2021; 73:661-673. [PMID: 32324905 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies have suggested that tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment is associated with a significantly lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence when compared with entecavir (ETV) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. We aimed to compare HCC recurrence and survival of patients treated with TDF or ETV after surgical resection for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. APPROACH AND RESULTS This historical cohort study included 1,695 consecutive patients treated with ETV (n = 813) or TDF (n = 882) after curative-intent hepatectomy for HBV-related HCC of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0 or A in Korea between 2010 and 2018. HCC recurrence and overall survival of patients were compared between ETV and TDF groups by propensity score-matched and multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses from the date of hepatectomy for HCC. The mean age of the study patients was 54.8 years, and 1,294 patients (76.3%) were male. During the median follow-up duration of 37.6 months with continued ETV or TDF therapy, 561 (33.1%) patients developed HCC recurrence, 144 (8.4%) died, and 22 (1.3%) received liver transplant. Compared with ETV, TDF therapy was associated with significantly higher recurrence-free (P = 0.02) and overall survival (P = 0.03) rates by propensity score-matched analysis. By multivariable-adjusted analysis, the TDF group was associated with significantly lower rates of HCC recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.98; P = 0.03), and death or transplantation (HR, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.88; P = 0.01). TDF therapy was an independent protective factor for both early (<2 years; HR, 0.79; P = 0.03) and late (≥2 years; HR, 0.68; P = 0.03) postoperative HCC recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Among patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HBV-related HCC, TDF therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of HCC recurrence and better overall patient survival compared with ETV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggi Choi
- Department of GastroenterologyLiver CenterAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Chanyoung Jo
- Department of Internal MedicineAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of GastroenterologyLiver CenterAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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24
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Casper M, Linxweiler M, Linxweiler J, Zimmermann R, Glanemann M, Lammert F, Weber SN. SEC62 and SEC63 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Tumor-Surrounding Liver Tissue. Visc Med 2021; 37:110-115. [PMID: 33977099 DOI: 10.1159/000513293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane proteins Sec61, Sec62, and Sec63 are responsible for the intracellular trafficking of precursor proteins and affect intracellular signaling. SEC62 overexpression has been linked to various human cancers. Our aim was to investigate SEC62 and SEC63 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and surrounding liver tissue. Patients and Methods Primary liver tissue was collected from 11 consecutive patients (70 ± 9 years; 10 men) who underwent HCC resection. In the HCC and the tumor-surrounding liver tissue we investigated SEC62 und SEC63 mRNA expression using quantitative real-time PCR. For Sec62, immunohistochemistry was performed. Results SEC62and SEC63 total mRNA contents were significantly (p = 0.001) higher in HCCs (CT 22.5 ± 0.4 and 22.6 ± 0.3) when compared to the surrounding tissue (CT 24.6 ± 0.6 and 25.1 ± 0.9). Using the comparative CTmethod, SEC62 and SEC63 expression in HCC was increased 5- and 8.1-fold, respectively, in comparison to surrounding tissue. For Sec62 immunohistochemistry, the mean immunoreactive scores (IRS) were 7.9 ± 2.9 for HCC and 4.8 ± 1.2 for non-tumorous liver (p = 0.027). The mean IRS in HCC were 5.7 ± 3.5 and 8.9 ± 2.3 for patients without (n = 3) and with tumor recurrence (n = 8), respectively. Conclusions Overexpression of SEC62 and SEC63 is a common feature of HCC. The role of Sec62 as a prognostic marker for tumor recurrence after surgery and its potential role in treatment stratification must be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Casper
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Linxweiler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Linxweiler
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Glanemann
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Susanne N Weber
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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25
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Li CL, Ho MC, Lin YY, Tzeng ST, Chen YJ, Pai HY, Wang YC, Chen CL, Lee YH, Chen DS, Yeh SH, Chen PJ. Cell-Free Virus-Host Chimera DNA From Hepatitis B Virus Integration Sites as a Circulating Biomarker of Hepatocellular Cancer. Hepatology 2020; 72:2063-2076. [PMID: 32171027 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection compromises patient survival. Timely detection of HCC recurrence and its clonality is required to implement salvage therapies appropriately. This study examined the feasibility of virus-host chimera DNA (vh-DNA), generated from junctions of hepatitis B virus (HBV) integration in the HCC chromosome, as a circulating biomarker for this clinical setting. APPROACH AND RESULTS HBV integration in 50 patients with HBV-related HCC was determined by the Hybridization capture-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform. For individual HCC, the vh-DNA was quantified by specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay in plasma samples collected before and 2 months after surgery. HBV integrations were identified in 44 out of 50 patients with HBV-related HCC. Tumor-specific ddPCR was developed to measure the corresponding vh-DNA copy number in baseline plasma from each patient immediately before surgery. vh-DNA was detected in 43 patients (97.7%), and the levels correlated with the tumor sizes (detection limit at 1.5 cm). Among the plasma collected at 2 months after surgery, 10 cases (23.3%) still contained the same signature vh-DNA detected at baseline, indicating the presence of residual tumor cells. Nine of them (90%) experienced HCC recurrence within 1 year, supporting vh-DNA as an independent risk factor in predicting early recurrence. Analysis of circulating vh-DNA at recurrence further helped identify the clonal origin. A total of 81.8% of recurrences came from original HCC clones sharing the same plasma vh-DNA, whereas 18.2% were from de novo HCC. CONCLUSIONS vh-DNA was shown to be a circulating biomarker for detecting the tumor load in majority of patients with HBV-related HCC and aided in monitoring residual tumor and recurrence clonality after tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Ling Li
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Ho
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yun-Ju Chen
- TCM Biotech International Corp., Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chi-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Shinn Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Hwei Yeh
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Shah MM, Meyer BI, Rhee K, NeMoyer RE, Lin Y, Tzeng CWD, Jabbour SK, Kennedy TJ, Nosher JL, Kooby DA, Maithel SK, Carpizo DR. Conditional survival analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2020; 122:684-690. [PMID: 32524634 PMCID: PMC8565605 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide with an approximate 5-year survival of greater than 50% in patients after surgical resection. Survival estimates have limited utility for patients who have survived several years after initial treatment. We analyzed how conditional survival (CS) after curative-intent surgery for HCC predicts survival estimates over time. METHODS NCDB (2004-2014) was queried for patients undergoing definitive surgical resection for HCC. Cumulative overall survival (OS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and CS at x years after diagnosis was calculated as CS1 = OS (X+5) /OS(X) . RESULTS The final analysis encompassed 11 357 patients. Age, negative margin status, grade severity and radiation before surgery were statistically significant predictors of cumulative overall conditional survival (P ≤ .0001). Overall unconditional 5-year survival was 65.7%, but CS estimates were higher. A patient who has already survived 3 years has an additional 2-year, or 5-year CS, estimate of 86.96%. CONCLUSION Survival estimates following hepatic resection in HCC patients change according to survival time accrued since surgery. CS estimates are improved relative to unconditional OS. The impact of different variables influencing OS is likewise nonlinear over the course of time after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir M. Shah
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University
| | - Benjamin I. Meyer
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University
| | - Kevin Rhee
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
| | | | - Yong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health
| | - Ching-Wei D. Tzeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Salma K. Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
| | | | - John L. Nosher
- Department of Radiology, Rutgers Robertwood Johnson Medical School
| | - David A. Kooby
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University
| | - Shishir K. Maithel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University
| | - Darren R. Carpizo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by high prevalence of multifocality. Multifocal HCC can arise synchronously or metachronously either from intrahepatic metastasis (IM) or multicentric occurrence (MO). To date, there have been no established criteria to accurately distinguish whether multifocal HCC originates from IM or MO. Histopathological features remain the most convenient strategy but with subjectivity and limited accuracy. Various molecular biological techniques involving assessment of TP53 mutation status, hepatitis B virus integration sites, and chromosomal alterations have been applied to determine the clonal origin. The introduction of next-generation sequencing facilitates a more comprehensive annotation of intertumor heterogeneity, resulting in more sensitive and accurate clonal discrimination. Generally, MO-HCC has better overall survival than IM-HCC after curative resection. Adjuvant antiviral treatment has been proved to decrease post-treatment recurrence probably by reducing MO-HCC recurrence, whereas adjuvant sorafenib treatment targeting prior micrometastasis failed to reduce IM-HCC recurrence. Recent studies recommended transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and traditional Chinese medicine Huaier granule as effective adjuvant treatments probably by preventing IM and both types of recurrences respectively. Immunotherapy that inhibits immune checkpoint interaction may be an optimal choice for both MO- and IM-HCC. In the future, effective personalized therapy against multifocal HCC may be achieved.
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28
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Rebouissou S, Nault JC. Advances in molecular classification and precision oncology in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2020; 72:215-229. [PMID: 31954487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from hepatocytes through the sequential accumulation of multiple genomic and epigenomic alterations resulting from Darwinian selection. Genes from various signalling pathways such as telomere maintenance, Wnt/β-catenin, P53/cell cycle regulation, oxidative stress, epigenetic modifiers, AKT/mTOR and MAP kinase are frequently mutated in HCC. Several subclasses of HCC have been identified based on transcriptomic dysregulation and genetic alterations that are closely related to risk factors, pathological features and prognosis. Undoubtedly, integration of data obtained from both preclinical models and human studies can help to accelerate the identification of robust predictive biomarkers of response to targeted biotherapy and immunotherapy. The aim of this review is to describe the main advances in HCC in terms of molecular biology and to discuss how this knowledge could be used in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rebouissou
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Nault
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France; Liver Unit, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, Communauté d'Universités et Etablissements Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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29
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Yamamoto S, Midorikawa Y, Nagae G, Tatsuno K, Ueda H, Moriyama M, Takayama T, Aburatani H. Spatial and temporal expansion of intrahepatic metastasis by molecularly-defined clonality in multiple liver cancers. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:601-609. [PMID: 31845427 PMCID: PMC7004543 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is divided into two categories: intrahepatic metastasis (IM), which is a true relapse of HCC, and multicentric origin (MO), which is a second primary tumor. Clinical diagnosis of multiple HCC is usually made based on tumor location and/or time to recurrence; however, it is often difficult to distinguish the two types of multiple HCC. Using 41 matched pairs of multiple HCC specimens, we confirmed the accuracy of clinical diagnoses using exome sequence data and investigated the importance of discriminating the type of multiple HCC. Genomic analysis revealed that 18 (43.9%) patients diagnosed as having genomic IM had common mutations in a pair of HCC tumors with the main tumor of these patients being more progressive compared to those with genomic MO. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis based on lobe (Definition 1) and segment (Definition 2) were 68.3% and 78.0%, respectively. Intriguingly, recurrence ≥2 years after initial surgery for 3 patients was IM. The survival of patients with clinical IM was significantly shorter than for those with clinical MO based on both Definition 1 (P = 0.045) and Definition 2 (P = 0.043). However, mean survival was not different between the patients with genomic IM and those with MO (P = 0.364). Taken together, genomic analysis elucidated that liver cancer may spread more extensively and more slowly than previously thought. In addition, distinguishing multiple HCC as IM or MC may have provided biological information but was not of clinical importance with respect to patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Yamamoto
- Genome Science Division, RCAST, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Midorikawa
- Genome Science Division, RCAST, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genta Nagae
- Genome Science Division, RCAST, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science Division, RCAST, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ueda
- Genome Science Division, RCAST, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Moriyama
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Takayama
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang H, Bao J, Zhao S, Huo Z, Li B. MicroRNA-490-3p suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and migration by targeting the aurora kinase A gene ( AURKA). Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:395-406. [PMID: 32190151 PMCID: PMC7069437 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.91351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and prevalent cancer type among liver cancers. In this study, expression of miR-490-3p and aurora kinase A gene (AURKA) was investigated in HCC. Additionally, we explored the microRNA (miR)-490-3p/AURKA relationship as well as the influence on HCC cell proliferation and migration. MATERIAL AND METHODS The dual luciferase reporter assay serves to verify the target relationship between miR-490-3p and AURKA. miR-490-3p mimics, AURKA siRNA and AURKA cDNA, were transfected into HCC cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were chosen for examining the relative expression of miR-490-3p and AURKA in HCC tissues, adjacent tissues, HCC cells and normal cells. The study detected the proliferation of HCC cells with the application of MTT assay and colony formation assay. Transwell assay was applied for the observation of migration, and wound healing assay for invasion. RESULTS The experiment results showed that miR-490-3p expression was down-regulated and AURKA expression was up-regulated in HCC cells and tissues. AURKA was the target gene of miR-490-3p and overexpression of miR-490-3p could inhibit the expression of AURKA in HCC cells. miR-490-3p overexpression could inhibit HCC cell migration and invasion, while AURKA promoted HCC cell migration. All experiment results indicated that miR-490-3p was low-expressed while AURKA was over-expressed in HCC cells and tissues compared to normal liver cells and tissues. CONCLUSIONS miR-490-3p could down-regulate the expression of AURKA, thus suppressing the proliferation and migration of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Junhui Bao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Shahe Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the First Hospital of Yongnian District, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongchao Huo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Baowei Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
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Insights into the success and failure of systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 16:617-630. [PMID: 31371809 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been boosted by the incorporation of new agents after many negative phase III trials in the decade since the approval of sorafenib. Sorafenib introduced the concept that targeting specific hallmarks of hepatocarcinogenesis could modify the dismal prognosis of this disease, with the drug remaining a cornerstone in the upfront therapy for advanced HCC. The design of clinical trials in this malignancy is complicated by important obstacles related to patient selection, prognostic assessment and the need for endpoints that correlate with improvement in survival outcomes. In addition, the currently used criteria to determine treatment response or progression might prevent physicians from making appropriate clinical judgements and interpreting evidence arising from trials. In this Review, we discuss the advances in systemic therapy for HCC and critically review trial designs in HCC. Although novel therapies, such as new targeted agents and immunotherapies, are being rapidly incorporated, it is paramount to design future clinical trials based on the lessons learned from past failures and successes.
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Li YT, Wu HL, Kao JH, Cheng HR, Ho MC, Wang CC, Chen PJ, Chen DS, Liu CJ. Expression of Metastatic Tumor Antigen 1 Splice Variant Correlates With Early Recurrence and Aggressive Features of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatology 2019; 70:184-197. [PMID: 30802976 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of metastatic tumor antigen 1 (MTA1) was correlated with poor prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC). The aim of this study was to examine the clinical significance of the expression of MTA1 and its exon 4-excluded form (MTA1dE4), the most abundant spliced variant of MTA1, in patients receiving curative resection for HBV-HCC. We collected 102 patients with HBV-HCC and received curative resection retrospectively and examined the expressions level of total MTA1/MTA1dE4 in their paired nontumor and tumor liver tissues by using RT-qPCR. The association between MTA1/MTA1dE4 expression and various tumor features as well as tumor recurrence was analyzed. During the median follow-up period of 4 years, 25 patients (24.5%) showed early recurrence (within 12 months postresection) and 42 (54.5%) showed late recurrence. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, MTA1dE4 overexpression in tumor, but not MTA1, was associated with early recurrence (P = 0.0365), but not late recurrence. In multivariate analysis, only alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ≥200 ng/mL (P = 0.006) and large tumor size (P = 0.027) were correlated with early recurrence. In the subgroup of patients with AFP <200 ng/mL, high MTA1dE4, but not total MTA1, expression could help predict early recurrence (P = 0.0195). In vitro, wound healing and invasion assays were performed in HCC cells, and MTA1dE4 was found to exhibit a higher ability in promoting migration and invasion of hepatoma cells than full-length MTA1. Conclusion: MTA1dE4 expression is correlated with more aggressive tumor characteristics and might serve as a more sensitive marker for early recurrence of HBV-HCC, especially for low-AFP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Tsung Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Lin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ru Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Ho
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Shinn Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang XP, Chen ZH, Zhou TF, Li LQ, Chen MS, Wen TF, Shi J, Guo WX, Wu MC, Lau WY, Cheng SQ. A nomogram to predict early postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombus after R0 liver resection: A large-scale, multicenter study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2019; 45:1644-1651. [PMID: 30982657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) is a significant poor prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with PVTT limited to a first-order branch or above of the main portal vein (MPV) could benefit from R0 liver resection (LR). A nomogram is needed to predict early postoperative recurrence (ER) in HCC patients with PVTT and to guide selection of these patients for adjuvant therapy to reduce postoperative recurrence risks. METHODS HCC patients with PVTT limited to a first-order branch or above of the MPV after R0 LR as an initial therapy were included. A nomogram using data from a retrospective training cohort was developed with the Cox regression model. The model was tested in a prospective internal validation cohort and three external validation cohorts. RESULTS Of 979 patients, 657 developed postoperative ER (67.1%). ER occurred in 165 of 264 patients (62.5%) in the training cohort, 146 of 218 patients (70.0%) in the internal validation cohort, and 204 of 284 patients (71.8%), 77 of 113 patients (68.1%), and 65 of 100 patients (65%) in the three external validation cohorts, respectively. The nomogram included the following variables: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), PVTT, HBV DNA, satellite nodules, α-fetoprotein, and tumour diameter. The ROC were 0.836, 0.763, 0.802, 0.837, and 0.846 in predicting ER in the five respective cohorts. CONCLUSION A nomogram was developed and validated to predict postoperative ER in patients with HCC with PVTT after R0 LR. This nomogram could select appropriate patients with high ER risks for postoperative adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Teng-Fei Zhou
- The No.313 Hospital of PLA, Huludao, Liaoning, China
| | - Le-Qun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Fu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Xing Guo
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Chao Wu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Wan Yee Lau
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China; Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shu-Qun Cheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China.
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Lee JH, Lee JH, Lim YS, Yeon JE, Song TJ, Yu SJ, Gwak GY, Kim KM, Kim YJ, Lee JW, Yoon JH. Sustained efficacy of adjuvant immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells for hepatocellular carcinoma: an extended 5-year follow-up. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:23-32. [PMID: 30232520 PMCID: PMC6326973 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Our earlier multicenter randomized controlled trial showed that adjuvant immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells resulted in longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) as well in patients who received curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we determined if the efficacy of CIK cell therapy continued after end of repeated CIK cell injections. We performed a follow-up study of our preceding trial. We included 226 patients: 114 patients in the immunotherapy group (injection of 6.4 × 109 CIK cells, 16 times during 60 weeks) and 112 patients in the control group (no treatment) after potentially curative treatment for HCC. In total, 162 patients (89 of the immunotherapy group and 73 of controls) underwent an extended follow-up for 60 months after randomization of the last patient. The primary endpoint was RFS, and secondary endpoints included OS. During follow-up time of median 68.5 months (interquartile range 45.0-82.2 months), the immunotherapy group continued to show a significantly lower risk of recurrence or death [hazard ratio (HR) 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48-0.94; P = 0.009 by one-sided log-rank test]. At 5 years, RFS rate was 44.8% in the immunotherapy group and 33.1% in the control group. The risk of all-cause death was also lower in the immunotherapy group compared to the control group (HR 0.33; 95% CI 0.15-0.76; P = 0.006). In patients who received curative treatment for HCC, the significant improvement in RFS and OS as a result of adjuvant CIK cell immunotherapy lasted over 5 years without boosting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Joon Hyeok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Yeon
- The Liver Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Mo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Statistics, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Hui T, Chuah T, Low H, Tan C. Predicting early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma with texture analysis of preoperative MRI: a radiomics study. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:1056.e11-1056.e16. [PMID: 30213434 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2018.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Nanomedicines reveal how PBOV1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma for effective gene therapy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3430. [PMID: 30143633 PMCID: PMC6109108 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There exists an urgent medical demand at present to develop therapeutic strategies which can improve the treatment outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we explore the biological functions and clinical significance of PBOV1 in HCC in order to push forward the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Using theranostical nanomedicines, PBOV1 is verified to be a key oncogene which greatly promotes HCC proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and stemness by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, single-chain antibody for epidermal growth factor receptor (scAb-EGFR)-targeted nanomedicine effectively silencing the PBOV1 gene exhibits potent anticancer effects. In vivo HCC-targeting siRNA delivery mediated by the theranostical nanomedicine remarkably inhibits the tumor growth and metastasis. In addition, the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPION)-encapsulated nanomedicines possess high MRI detection sensitivity, which endows them with the potential for MRI diagnosis of HCC. This study shows that PBOV1 represents a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Min JH, Kim YK, Choi SY, Kang TW, Jeong WK, Kim K, Won HJ. Detection of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection: Non-contrast liver MR imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging versus gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging. Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20180177. [PMID: 29927634 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic performance of non-contrast liver MRI to whole MRI using gadoxetic acid for detection of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 483 patients who underwent surveillance with liver MRI after hepatectomy for HCC (median time interval, 7.7 months). Non-contrast MRI set (T1- and T2 weighted and diffusion-weighted images) and whole MRI set (gadoxetic acid-enhanced and non-contrast MRI) were analyzed independently by two observers. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used (with the observers' individual observations and consensus) to detect recurrent HCC. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients had 197 recurrent HCCs on first follow-up MRI. Although non-contrast MRI had fairly high sensitivity for recurrent HCC, there were significant differences in sensitivity (94.7% vs 99.1%, p = 0.025) and accuracy (97.5% vs 99.2%, p = 0.021) between the two image sets (per-patients base analysis). However, in patients followed for ≥1 year after surgery, the diagnostic performance of non-contrast MRI and whole MRI were not significantly different (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Non-contrast MRI may serve as an alternative follow-up method which can potentially replace whole MRI at least in selected patients followed up ≥1 year after surgery who have relatively lower risk of HCC recurrence. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: There is no consensus regarding the ideal imaging modality or follow-up interval after resection of HCC. Non-contrast MRI had comparable performance to that of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in the detection of HCC recurrence during surveillance ≥1 year after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Min
- 1 Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Young Kon Kim
- 2 Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Youn Choi
- 3 Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital , Bucheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Wook Kang
- 2 Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyoung Jeong
- 2 Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- 4 Biostatics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jeong Won
- 4 Biostatics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Zhang X, Li C, Wen T, Peng W, Yan L, Yang J. Outcomes of Salvage Liver Transplantation and Re-resection/Radiofrequency Ablation for Intrahepatic Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A New Surgical Strategy Based on Recurrence Pattern. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:502-514. [PMID: 29238896 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of intrahepatic recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been poorly investigated, and the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear. AIMS The aim of this study was to compare outcomes between salvage liver transplantation (SLT) and re-resection (RR)/radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for intrahepatic recurrent HCC according to recurrence pattern. METHODS Based on postoperative histopathological examination, 122 patients with intrahepatic recurrent HCC were divided into an intrahepatic metastasis (IM, n = 75) group and a multicentric occurrence (MO, n = 47) group. The demographic, clinical, and primary and recurrent tumor characteristics of the IM group and the MO group were collected and compared. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed, and subgroup analysis according to retreatment type (SLT vs. RR/RFA) was conducted. Twenty-nine clinicopathological variables potentially related to prognostic factors affecting survival were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS The patients that received SLT treatment exhibited favorable DFS compared to patients that received RR/RFA (P = 0.002). OS (P < 0.001) and DFS (P = 0.008) rates were significantly increased in the MO group compared with in the IM group. Subgroup analysis revealed that DFS was significantly improved for patients in the MO group treated with SLT compared to patients treated with RR/RFA (P = 0.017). Recurrence pattern was an independent prognostic factor for both OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.093, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.026-0.337, P < 0.001] and DFS (HR = 0.318, 95% CI: 0.125-0.810, P = 0.016; HR = 3.334, 95% CI: 1.546-7.18, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS For patients with intrahepatic recurrent HCC, an MO recurrence pattern is associated with better long-term outcomes than the IM pattern. SLT is the preferred option for intrahepatic recurrent HCC, especially for MO cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianfu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lunan Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiayin Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Kim BH, Lim YS, Kim EY, Kong HJ, Won YJ, Han S, Park S, Hwang JS. Temporal improvement in survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in a hepatitis B virus-endemic population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:475-483. [PMID: 28612951 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Over the past decade, the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and viral hepatitis has been improved. We explored survival trends and factors affecting survival of HCC in a hepatitis B virus (HBV)-endemic population. METHODS From 31 521 and 38 167 HCC registrants to the population-based national cancer registry in Korea, an HBV-endemic country, in the period of 2003-2005 and 2008-2010, we randomly sampled cohorts of 4515 and 4582 patients, respectively, for the investigation of clinical characteristics and survival. RESULTS Compared with Cohort 2003-2005, Cohort 2008-2010 had significantly better liver function (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A, 64.2% vs 71.6%; P < 0.001) and had more advanced tumor stages (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B-D, 45.8% vs 50.4%; P < 0.001). HBV was the predominant cause of HCC in both cohorts (62.5% vs 62.2%; P = 0.70). Cohort 2008-2010 had significantly better overall survival than Cohort 2003-2005 by age-adjusted univariate, multivariable, and propensity score-matched analyses (median survival time, 17.2 vs 28.4 months; P < 0.001). In a subcohort analysis, a consistently significant inter-cohort improvement in survival was observed only in patients with HBV-related HCC (median survival, 16.1 vs 30.4 months; P < 0.001). The annual number of patients with HCC receiving oral antiviral agents for HBV precipitously increased from 93 in 2005 to 28 520 in 2010 in the country. CONCLUSIONS The consistent improvement in survival of patients with HCC was confined to HBV-related HCC subcohort over the last decade in an HBV-endemic population. The survival improvement coincided with the exponential use of oral antiviral agents for HBV in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hyun Kim
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Korean Liver Cancer Association, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Korean Liver Cancer Association, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Yang Kim
- Korea Central Cancer Registry, Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kong
- Korea Central Cancer Registry, Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Won
- Korea Central Cancer Registry, Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbong Han
- Department of Applied Statistics, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seok Hwang
- Korean Liver Cancer Association, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Lin Z, He R, Luo H, Lu C, Ning Z, Wu Y, Han C, Tan G, Wang Z. Integrin-β5, a miR-185-targeted gene, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis by regulating β-catenin stability. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:17. [PMID: 29386044 PMCID: PMC5793391 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The tumour microenvironment is essential for cancer progress and metastasis. Integrin-β5 (ITGB5), a member of the integrin family, has been implicated to mediate the interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and promote tumorigenesis in several malignancies. However, the role of ITGB5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. Methods The biological function of ITGB5 in HCC was investigated using migration, colony formation assays. The potential molecular mechanism of ITGB5 in regulating HCC tumorigenesis and β-catenin stabilization was investigated by western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. The expression level of ITGB5 mediated by miR-185 was confirmed by bioinformatic analysis, luciferase assay. The clinical significance of ITGB5 was based on human tissue microarray (TMA) analysis. Results Here, we found that the expression of ITGB5 is increased in HCC tissues. Elevated ITGB5 markedly facilitates HCC cell migration and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic studies revealed that ITGB5, as a partner of β-catenin, directly interacts with β-catenin and inhibits its degradation, thus leading to WNT/β-catenin activity. Subsequently, we also found that ITGB5 is a direct targeted gene of miR-185. The downregulation of miR-185 in HCC cells promotes an increase in ITGB5. An additional increase of ITGB5 is associated with β-catenin upregulation and a miR-185 decrease in HCC tissues. Conclusions Our data reveal that the miR-185-ITGB5-β-catenin pathway plays an important role in HCC tumorigenesis, and ITGB5 may be a promising specific target for HCC therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0691-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Ruiping He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Haifeng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Zhen Ning
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Yuanhang Wu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Chuanchun Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
| | - Guang Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital& Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
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Wang LK, Xie XN, Song XH, Su T, Chang XL, Xu M, Liang B, Huang DY. Upregulation of miR-200b Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Migration by Targeting HMGB3 Protein. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818806475. [PMID: 30343649 PMCID: PMC6198386 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818806475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
HMGB3 belongs to the high-mobility group box subfamily and has been found to be overexpressed in gastric cancer. However, the expression and the role of HMGB3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma remain unknown. Here, we report that HMGB3, which is suppressed by miR-200b, contributes to cell proliferation and migration in human hepatocellular carcinoma. After analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas data of 371 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, we identified HMGB3 to be upregulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue. Knockdown of HMGB3 in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line suppressed cell proliferation and migration. TargetScan analysis showed miR-200b to be a possible regulator for HMGB3. Subsequent luciferase assays indicated that HMGB3 was a direct target of miR-200b. In addition, upregulation of miR-200b inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and migration. HMGB3 overexpression or miR-200b downregulation was associated with poor prognosis. Our findings suggest HMGB3 may serve as an important oncoprotein whose expression is negatively regulated by miR-200b in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-kun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xi-Na Xie
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Hong Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Chang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Dong-Yang Huang and Bin Liang, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. Emails: ;
| | - Dong-Yang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Dong-Yang Huang and Bin Liang, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. Emails: ;
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Management consensus guideline for hepatocellular carcinoma: 2016 updated by the Taiwan Liver Cancer Association and the Gastroenterological Society of Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 117:381-403. [PMID: 29074347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in Taiwan. To help clinical physicians to manage patients with HCC, the Taiwan Liver Cancer Association and the Gastroenterological Society of Taiwan produced the management consensus guideline for HCC. METHODS The recommendations focus on nine important issues on management of HCC, including surveillance, diagnosis, staging, surgery, local ablation, transarterial chemoembolization/transarterial radioembolization/hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, systemic therapy, radiotherapy, and prevention. RESULTS The consensus statements were discussed, debated and got consensus in each expert team. And then the statements were sent to all of the experts for further discussion and refinement. Finally, all of the experts were invited to vote for the statements, including the level of evidence and recommendation. CONCLUSION With the development of the management consensus guideline, HCC patients could benefit from the optimal therapeutic modality.
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Histone methyltransferase G9a promotes liver cancer development by epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor gene RARRES3. J Hepatol 2017; 67:758-769. [PMID: 28532996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Epigenetic deregulation is a common trait of human HCC. G9s is an important epigenetics regulator however, its role in liver carcinogenesis remains to be investigated. METHODS Gene expressions were determined by RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR. G9a knockdown and knockout cell lines were established by lentiviral-based shRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system. Tumor-promoting functions of G9a was studied in both HCC cell lines and nude mice model. The downstream targets of G9a were identified by RNA-Seq and confirmed by ChIP assay. The therapeutic value of G9a inhibitors was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We identified G9a as a frequently upregulated histone methyltransferase in human HCCs. Upregulation of G9a was significantly associated with HCC progression and aggressive clinicopathological features. Functionally, we demonstrated that inactivation of G9a by RNAi knockdown, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, and pharmacological inhibition remarkably abolished H3K9 di-methylation and suppressed HCC cell proliferation and metastasis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Mechanistically, we showed that the frequent upregulation of G9a in human HCCs was attributed to gene copy number gain at chromosome 6p21. In addition, we identified miR-1 as a negative regulator of G9a. Loss of miR-1 relieved the post-transcriptional repression on G9a and contributed to its upregulation in human HCC. Utilizing RNA sequencing, we identified the tumor suppressor RARRES3 as a critical target of G9a. Epigenetic silencing of RARRES3 contributed to the tumor-promoting function of G9a. CONCLUSION This study shows a frequent deregulation of miR-1/G9a/RARRES3 axis in liver carcinogenesis, highlighting the pathological significance of G9a and its therapeutic potential in HCC treatment. Lay summary: In this study, we identified G9a histone methyltransferase was frequently upregulated in human HCC and contributes to epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor gene RARRES3 in liver cancer. Targeting G9a may be a novel approach for HCC treatment.
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Li-Shuai Q, Yu-Yan C, Hai-Feng Z, Jin-Xia L, Cui-Hua L. Pre-S deletions of hepatitis B virus predict recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8311. [PMID: 29069001 PMCID: PMC5671834 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgery remains uncertain. A retrospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the impact of pre-S deletions, T1762/A1764, and A1896 mutations on prognosis of HCC after curative resection. A total of 113 patients with positive serum HBV DNA (>200 IU/mL) who had underwent curative resection of pathologically proven HCC were recruited to determine the risk factors affecting the prognosis.The median follow-up time was 36.5 months and recurrence was detected in 67 patients (59.3%). The cumulative recurrence rates and overall survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-year after curative resection were 18.0%, 49.7%, 70.3%, and 93.7%, 61.0%, 42.5%, respectively. Patients with pre-S deletions showed significantly higher recurrence rates compared with those with wild type infection (HR: 1.822, P = .018), but not related with a significantly poor survival (HR: 1.388, P = .235). Subgroup analysis indicated that the patients with type III deletion had significant higher tumor recurrence rates than other deletion types (HR: 2.211, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.008-4.846, P = .048). Multivariate analysis revealed that pre-S deletion, tumor size >3 cm in diameter, and the presence of microvascular invasion were independent risk factors for tumor recurrence. HBV pre-S deletions were found to be clustered primarily in the 5' end of pre-S2 region and were more often found between amino acids 120 and 142 of the pre-S2 domain. The domains most frequently potentially involved were the transactivator domain in pre-S2 and polymerized human serum albumin binding site.Our cohort showed that pre-S deletions at the time of resection could predict tumor recurrence in HCC patients after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhang Hai-Feng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang X, Li C, Wen T, Peng W, Yan L, Yang J. Treatment for intrahepatic recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: Salvage liver transplantation or re-resection/radiofrequency ablation? A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Surg 2017; 46:178-185. [PMID: 28890407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The optimal treatment strategy for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the outcomes of salvage liver transplantation (SLT) and re-resection (RR)/radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with respect to the time to recurrence after initial curative resection. METHODS Between 2007 and 2016, 756 patients underwent curative hepatectomy for HCC in accordance with the Milan criteria. Among them, 152 experienced an intrahepatic recurrence and underwent SLT (n = 36) and RR/RFA (n = 116). Clinical data, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) (including subgroup analyses) according to the time to recurrence were statistically compared between the 2 groups, and prognostic factors were identified. RESULTS The DFS of the patients who underwent SLT was much better than that of the patients who underwent RR/RFA (P = 0.002), particularly those with late recurrence (more than 12 months, P = 0.004). The time to recurrence from initial hepatectomy was found to be an independent predictor of OS and DFS. CONCLUSIONS SLT, rather than re-resection or RFA, should be the preferred treatment option for patients with late recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianfu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lunan Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiayin Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Juskevicius D, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A. Genetic background and evolution of relapses in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Haematologica 2017; 102:1139-1149. [PMID: 28554945 PMCID: PMC5566014 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.151647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapses of aggressive B-cell lymphomas pose a higher risk to affected patients because of potential treatment resistance and usually rapid tumor growth. Recent advances, such as targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase, have provided promising results in small numbers of cases, but treatment for the majority of patients remains challenging and outcomes are generally poor. A number of recent studies have utilized state-of-the-art genomic technologies in an attempt to better understand tumor genome evolution during relapse and to identify relapse-specific genetic alterations. It has been found that in some settings (e.g. diffuse large B-cell lymphomas in immunocompromised patients, secondary diffuse large B-cell lymphomas as Richter transformations) a significant part of the recurrences are clonally-unrelated de novo neoplasms, which might have distinct genomic and drug sensitivity profiles as well as different prognoses. Similar to earlier findings in indolent lymphomas, genetic tumor evolution of clonally-related relapsing aggressive B-cell lymphomas is predominantly characterized by two patterns: early divergence from a common progenitor and late divergence/linear evolution from a primary tumor. The clinical implications of these distinct patterns are not yet clear and will require additional investigation; however, it is plausible that these two patterns of recurrence are linked to different treatment-resistance mechanisms. Attempts to identify drivers of relapses result in a very heterogeneous list of affected genes and pathways as well as epigenetic mechanisms and suggest many ways of how recurrent tumors can adapt to treatment and expand their malignant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Juskevicius
- Institute of Pathology & Medical Genetics, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology & Medical Genetics, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology & Medical Genetics, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
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Lee SJ, Lim HY. Hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: a comparative review of emerging growth factor receptor antagonists. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2017; 22:191-200. [PMID: 28506080 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2017.1330886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeong Lim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shimizu D, Inokawa Y, Sonohara F, Inaoka K, Nomoto S. Search for useful biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma, tumor factors and background liver factors. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2527-2542. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Yamaguchi H, Kuroda K, Sugitani M, Takayama T, Hasegawa K, Esumi M. Transglutaminase 2 is upregulated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma with early recurrence as determined by proteomic profiles. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1749-1759. [PMID: 28339069 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of early recurrence of hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well understood. To examine whether early intrahepatic metastasis of HCC can be determined by the reliable molecular characteristics of the primary HCC, we focused on early-stage tumors of primary and solitary HCC cases. Proteomic differences were investigated between two groups, 11 early (recurrence within 12 months) and 10 late (no recurrence within 48 months) HCC cases, using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis. Overall, 10 upregulated and 9 downregulated proteins were identified from a total of 1623 protein spots detected in early recurrent HCC. Cluster analysis using the 19 proteins successfully divided the 21 HCC samples exactly into the two above groups. A multifunctional protein, transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), was upregulated in the early recurrence group. Immunohistochemistry revealed the frequent observation of TGM2-positive HCC cells in the early group, with a tendency of TGM2-positive staining in HCC cells adjacent to fibrous stroma. To examine whether two major TGM2-associated pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and integrin signaling, were activated in the early recurrence group of HCC, downstream molecules of TGM2 were measured. The mRNA level of EMT-related genes was highly positively correlated with TGM2 mRNA. However, E-cadherin (CDH1) mRNA and protein were not downregulated in correlation with TGM2 expression. The phosphorylation of FAK and Akt and the downregulation of PTEN were not associated with the quantity of TGM2. Therefore, TGM2 might contribute to early HCC recurrence through signaling pathways not related to EMT and integrin signaling. The proteomics of strictly classified HCCs would be useful for characterizing pro-metastatic HCC and for developing a new therapeutic target for treatment of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Yamaguchi
- Division of Morphological and Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Kuroda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugitani
- Division of Morphological and Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Takayama
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mariko Esumi
- Division of Morphological and Functional Pathology, Department of Pathology and Micro-biology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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Kim JH, Min YW, Gwak GY, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Paik SW. The utility of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the surveillance for postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5666. [PMID: 28002336 PMCID: PMC5181820 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the utility of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-MRI) in surveillance for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.This retrospective study analyzed 147 patients who underwent surveillance with alternating multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and Gd-MRI after hepatectomy for HCC. The patients were followed-up every 3 months during the first 2 years, and every 6 months thereafter. At each visit, MDCT was performed but once a year (every 12 months), Gd-MRI was performed instead of MDCT. Each HCC recurrence detection rate of MDCT and Gd-MRI was evaluated, and recurrent HCC characteristics were compared according to the detection test.A total of 63 patients had recurrent HCC. Among them, 9 were detected with Gd-MRI and 29 with MDCT. The baseline characteristics of patients with recurrent HCC showed no significant differences according to the detection test. The HCC recurrence detection rate of Gd-MRI and MDCT was 4.8% (9/180) and 4.3% (29/580), respectively, on the per test basis (P = 0.764). However, in the population with a follow-up period of ≥12 months, the detection rate of Gd-MRI and MDCT was 4.3% (7/150) and 1.5% (19/400), respectively (P = 0.035). Recurrent HCCs detected with Gd-MRI were smaller than those detected with MDCT (tumor size < 2 cm, 100% vs 65.5%, P = 0.040).Our data suggest that Gd-MRI has advantages in detecting recurrent HCC after hepatectomy. Surveillance with alternating MDCT and Gd-MRI may identify more recurrent HCC in an early stage than with MDCT alone in patients who received hepatectomy for HCC.
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