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Saintila J, Oblitas-Guerrero SM, Larrain-Tavara G, Lizarraga-De-Maguiña IG, Bernal-Corrales FDC, López-López E, Calizaya-Milla YE, Serpa-Barrientos A, Ramos-Vera C. Associations between social network addiction, anxiety symptoms, and risk of metabolic syndrome in Peruvian adolescents-a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1261133. [PMID: 38751589 PMCID: PMC11094343 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1261133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The link between physical and mental health and screen time in adolescents has been the subject of scientific scrutiny in recent years. However, there are few studies that have evaluated the association between social network addiction (SNA) and metabolic risk in this population. Objective This study determined the association between SNA and anxiety symptoms with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Peruvian adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, who completed a Social Network Addiction Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2), between September and November 2022. A total of 903 participants were included in the study using a non-probability convenience sample. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were also collected. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between SNA and anxiety symptoms with MetS in a cross-sectional analysis. Results Males were more likely to have MetS than females (OR = 1.133, p = 0.028). Participants who were 16 years of age or older and those with excess body weight were 2.166, p = 0.013 and 19.414, p < 0.001 times more likely to have MetS, respectively. Additionally, SNA (OR = 1.517, p = 0.016) and the presence of anxiety symptoms (OR = 2.596, p < 0.001) were associated with MetS. Conclusion Our findings suggest associations between SNA, anxiety symptoms, and MetS among youth. However, more studies are needed to better understand this association and to deepen the possible clinical and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elmer López-López
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru
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Gutierrez-Colina AM, Bristol M, Clark ELM, Sanchez N, Gulley LD, Ruzicka E, Handing EP, Kinsella E, Kutchman E, Witten M, Clementi MA, Thompson T, Pyle L, Aichele S, Goldschmidt AB, Belcher B, Nadeau KJ, Kelsey MM, Shomaker LB. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and exercise training in adolescent females with elevated depression symptoms and at-risk for type 2 diabetes: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 128:107150. [PMID: 36918091 PMCID: PMC10288810 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health concern of growing proportions. Prevention, therefore, is critical. Unfortunately, standard-of-care treatment for T2D prevention (e.g., exercise training) show insufficient effectiveness and do not address key modifiable barriers (e.g., depression symptoms) to exercise engagement. Depression symptoms are associated with both poorer physical fitness and greater insulin resistance, the key risk factor in adolescent-onset T2D. Thus, a targeted prevention approach that addresses depression symptoms in combination with exercise training may offer a novel approach to mitigating T2D risk. METHODS This manuscript describes the design and study protocol for a multi-site, four-arm randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of group cognitive-behavioral therapy, group exercise training, and their combinations for the targeted prevention of worsening insulin resistance in N = 300 adolescent females at-risk for T2D with BMI ≥85th percentile and elevated depression symptoms. All four intervention arms will run in parallel and meet weekly for 1 h per week for 6-week to 6-week segments (12 weeks total). Outcomes are assessed at baseline, 6-week mid-treatment, 12-week follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. RESULTS The primary outcome is insulin resistance. Key secondary outcomes include insulin sensitivity, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, depression symptoms, and body measurements. CONCLUSION Study findings will guide the ideal sequencing of two brief T2D prevention interventions for ameliorating the course of insulin resistance and lessening T2D risk in vulnerable adolescents. These interventions will likely be cost-effective and scalable for dissemination, having the potential for significant public health impact on communities at risk for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Gutierrez-Colina
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA.
| | - Madison Bristol
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Emma L M Clark
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA
| | - Natalia Sanchez
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA
| | - Lauren D Gulley
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ruzicka
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Handing
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kinsella
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Adolescent Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Eve Kutchman
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine/ Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Michael Witten
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine/ Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Michelle A Clementi
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Talia Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen Aichele
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA; Colorado School of Public Health, USA
| | | | - Britni Belcher
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kristen J Nadeau
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Megan M Kelsey
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
| | - Lauren B Shomaker
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, USA
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Zou XH, Sun LH, Yang W, Li BJ, Cui RJ. Potential role of insulin on the pathogenesis of depression. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12806. [PMID: 32281722 PMCID: PMC7260070 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of insulin on depression and depression-like behaviour has been widely reported. Insulin and activation of its receptor can promote learning and memory, affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) balance, regulate the secretion of neurotrophic factors and neurotransmitters, interact with gastrointestinal microbiome, exert neuroprotective effects and have an impact on depression. However, the role of insulin on depression remains largely unclear. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the potential role of insulin on depression. It may provide new insight for clarifying role of insulin on the pathogenesis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han Zou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Hua Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Jin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ran Ji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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