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Hui A, Zhang Z, Wang J, Yang L, Deng S, Zhang W, Zhou A, Wu Z. Enhanced Brain Targeting Delivery of Salvianic Acid Using Borneol as a Promoter of Blood/Brain Transport and Regulator of P-gp. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:726-733. [PMID: 36658705 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230119120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borneol can enhance the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of some drugs and suppress the efflux transport of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which will contribute to the brain delivery of salvianic acid A (SAA). OBJECTIVE The study aimed to develop an approach to improve the brain targeting delivery of SAA with the aid of borneol. MATERIALS AND METHODS "Borneol" was involved in SAA via esterified prodrug SAA borneol ester (SBE) and combined administration (SAA-borneol, SAA-B). Subsequently, the blood-brain transport of SAA through brain/blood distribution and P-gp regulation via expression and function assay were investigated in rats. RESULTS The SBE and SAA-B-treated group received a three-fold brain concentration and longer t1/2 and retention period of active SAA than that of SAA alone (20.18/13.82 min vs. 6.48 min; 18.30/17.42 min vs. 11.46 min). In addition, blood to brain transport of active SAA in SBE was altered in comparison to that of SAA-B, ultimately resulting in a better drug targeting index (9.93 vs. 3.63). Further studies revealed that SBE-induced downregulation of P-gp expression occurred at the later stage of administration (60 min, P < 0.01), but SBE always showed a more powerful drug transport activity across BBB represented by Kp value of rhodamine 123 than SAA-B (30, 60 min, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The comparative results indicate that SBE exhibits prominent efficiency on SAA's targeting delivery through improved blood/brain metabolic properties and sustained inhibitory effect of "borneol" on P-gp efflux. Therefore, prodrug modification can be applied as a more effective approach for brain delivery of SAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Hui
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jinghe Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Li Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shaohuan Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - An Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
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2
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Zhumaliyeva G, Zhussupova A, Zhusupova GE, Błońska-Sikora E, Cerreto A, Omirbekova N, Zhunusbayeva Z, Gemejiyeva N, Ramazanova M, Wrzosek M, Ross SA. Natural Compounds of Salvia L. Genus and Molecular Mechanism of Their Biological Activity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3151. [PMID: 38137372 PMCID: PMC10740457 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of medicinal plants is important, as they are the natural reserve of potent biologically active compounds. With wide use in traditional medicine and the inclusion of several species (as parts and as a whole plant) in pharmacopeia, species from the genus Salvia L. are known for the broad spectrum of their biological activities. Studies suggest that these plants possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiangiogenic, hepatoprotective, cognitive and memory-enhancing effects. Phenolic acids, terpenoids and flavonoids are important phytochemicals, which are primarily responsible for the medicinal activity of Salvia L. This review collects and summarizes currently available data on the pharmacological properties of sage, outlining its principal physiologically active components, and it explores the molecular mechanism of their biological activity. Particular attention was given to the species commonly found in Kazakhstan, especially to Salvia trautvetteri Regel, which is native to this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaziza Zhumaliyeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Aizhan Zhussupova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Galiya E. Zhusupova
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances, Natural Compounds and Polymers, NPJSC Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.E.Z.)
| | - Ewelina Błońska-Sikora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (E.B.-S.)
| | - Antonella Cerreto
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.)
| | - Nargul Omirbekova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhazira Zhunusbayeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Nadezhda Gemejiyeva
- Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, 36D/1 Timiryazev Str., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (N.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Madina Ramazanova
- Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, 36D/1 Timiryazev Str., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (N.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry at the Preclinical Research Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Samir A. Ross
- School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS 38677, USA; (S.A.R.)
- School of Pharmacy, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
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Estolano-Cobián A, Alonso MM, Díaz-Rubio L, Ponce CN, Córdova-Guerrero I, Marrero JG. Tanshinones and their Derivatives: Heterocyclic Ring-Fused Diterpenes of Biological Interest. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:171-185. [PMID: 32348220 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200429103225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The available scientific literature regarding tanshinones is very abundant, and after its review, it is noticeable that most of the articles focus on the properties of tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIA, sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate and the dried root extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Tan- Shen). However, although these products have demonstrated important biological properties in both in vitro and in vivo models, their poor solubility and bioavailability have limited their clinical applications. For these reasons, many studies have focused on the search for new pharmaceutical formulations for tanshinones, as well as the synthesis of new derivatives that improve their biological properties. To provide new insights into the critical path ahead, we systemically reviewed the most recent advances (reported since 2015) on tanshinones in scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Clinical Trials). With a broader perspective, we offer an update on the last five years of new research on these quinones, focusing on their synthesis, biological activity on noncommunicable diseases and drug delivery systems, to support future research on its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Estolano-Cobián
- Facultad de Ciencias Quiımicas e Ing, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Clz. Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional, Tijuana, B. C. CP 22390, Mexico
| | - Mariana Macías Alonso
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, UPIIG, Av. Mineral de Valenciana, No. 200, Col. Fracc, Industrial Puerto Interior, C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Laura Díaz-Rubio
- Facultad de Ciencias Quiımicas e Ing, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Clz. Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional, Tijuana, B. C. CP 22390, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Naredo Ponce
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, UPIIG, Av. Mineral de Valenciana, No. 200, Col. Fracc, Industrial Puerto Interior, C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Iván Córdova-Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Quiımicas e Ing, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Clz. Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional, Tijuana, B. C. CP 22390, Mexico
| | - Joaquín G Marrero
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, UPIIG, Av. Mineral de Valenciana, No. 200, Col. Fracc, Industrial Puerto Interior, C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Guanajuato, Mexico
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4
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Kum KY, Kirchhof R, Luick R, Heinrich M. Danshen ( Salvia miltiorrhiza) on the Global Market: What Are the Implications for Products' Quality? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:621169. [PMID: 33981218 PMCID: PMC8107819 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.621169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Danshen (Radix et rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae; Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Lamiaceae) is commonly used in Asia, including China, Japan, and Korea with markets in America and Europe growing substantially. It is included in multiple pharmacopeias and salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA are used as quality markers. However, on the markets, substitutes and different processing methods often are a concern. a concern regarding patients’ safety and expected outcomes. Aims: This study aims at understanding the quality of Danshen-derived products on the market, and the relationship between the chemistry, biological activity and the processing and storage methods. Methods: For heavy metal analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was used. High performance thin-layer chromatography and proton nuclear magnetic resonance coupled with principal component analysis were used to understand the variation of metabolite composition. MTT assay and LPS induced NO production assay were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect and anti-inflammatory activity, respectively. Result and Discussion: Six out of sixty samples exceed the limits of cadmium according to the Chinese or United States Pharmacopoeia. Arsenic, lead and copper contents are all below pharmacopoeial thresholds. With more complex processing procedure, the risk of heavy metal contamination increases, especially with arsenic and cadmium. The metabolite compositions show a variability linked to processing and storage methods. Authenticated samples and Vietnamese primary samples contain higher salvianolic acid B, and their chemical compositions are more consistent compared to Chinese online store samples. Overall, a significant chemical variation can be observed in Danshen products directly linked to processing and storage method. In the MTT assay, fourteen samples show cytotoxicity while seven samples increase the proliferation of RAW264.7. In the LPS induced NO production of RAW 264.7, only seven samples show significant inhibitory effects. Conclusion: This is the first interdisciplinary investigation focusing on understanding the current market and the quality of Danshen. The quality of Danshen products on the high street are inferior to the authenticated samples. The results of the bioassays selected is not useful to differentiate the quality and composition according to the current definition in the pharmacopoeias. Overall, this approach highlights the tremendous variability of the products linked to processing and the need for more systematic and stringent quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yui Kum
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rainer Kirchhof
- University of Applied Sciences, Hochschule Rottenburg, Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
| | - Rainer Luick
- University of Applied Sciences, Hochschule Rottenburg, Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
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5
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Kim HJ. Regulation of Neural Stem Cell Fate by Natural Products. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:15-24. [PMID: 30481958 PMCID: PMC6319553 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) can proliferate and differentiate into multiple cell types that constitute the nervous system. NSCs can be derived from developing fetuses, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. NSCs provide a good platform to screen drugs for neurodegenerative diseases and also have potential applications in regenerative medicine. Natural products have long been used as compounds to develop new drugs. In this review, natural products that control NSC fate and induce their differentiation into neurons or glia are discussed. These phytochemicals enable promising advances to be made in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Stem Cell Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974,
Republic of Korea
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6
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Traditional Chinese Medicine in Neuroprotection after Brain Insults with Special Reference to Radioprotection. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2767208. [PMID: 30598683 PMCID: PMC6287144 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2767208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With rapidly increased construction of nuclear power plants worldwide to reduce energy shortage and subsequent environment contamination, routine use of radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis equipment in the clinical medicine, the research on the health effect of radiation exposure has become a very important area to explore. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) may be an ideal candidate therapy as it usually produces fewer side effects even with long-term administration. In this paper, we reviewed current therapeutic approaches to prevent radiation-induced brain neuropathological and functional changes. Neuroprotective effects of TCM in different brain injury models have been briefly summarized. We then reviewed the neuroprotective and radioprotective effect of TCM in different radiation exposure models and discussed the potential molecular mechanism(s) of the neuroprotective and radioprotective effect of TCM. The conclusions and future research directions were made in the last part of the paper.
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7
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Salvia miltiorrhiza protects against diabetic nephropathy through metabolome regulation and wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling inhibition. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:26-40. [PMID: 30395946 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of diabetes that is caused by uncontrolled high blood sugar. It has been reported that Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) possesses the ability to prevent kidney damage, although the mechanisms remain unclear. The study was to investigate whether and how SM improved DN injury via regulation of metabolome and the molecular mechanisms. In this study, SD rats were fed a high glucose / high fat diet accompanied by 0.5% glucose water. Three weeks later, the rats were given one intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg STZ each day for three days for DN model. The biochemical indicators and metabolomics of plasma, urine and renal tissue were analyzed. Then the western blotting analysis of renal tissue and glomerular mesangial cells were investigated. The results showed that Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts improved the renal injury and regulation of abnormal glycolipid metabolism. The metabolites in serum, urine and renal tissues have been changed significantly. The involved metabolic pathways mainly include phospholipid, arachidonic acid, and pyrimidine metabolisms. Meanwhile, SM inhibited the relative expression levels of wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β in renal tissue and high-glucose induced glomerular mesangial cells.
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8
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Kim R, Lee S, Lee CY, Yun H, Lee H, Lee MY, Kim J, Jeong JY, Baek K, Chang W. Salvia miltiorrhiza enhances the survival of mesenchymal stem cells under ischemic conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1228-1241. [PMID: 29943504 PMCID: PMC6099286 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To validate the enhanced therapeutic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) for brain ischemic stroke through the anti‐apoptotic and survival ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods The viability and the expression level of cell apoptotic and survival‐related proteins in MSCs by treatment of SM were assessed in vitro. In addition, the infarcted brain region and the behavioural changes after treatment of MSCs with SM were confirmed in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) models. Key findings We demonstrated that SM attenuates apoptosis and improves the cell viability of MSCs. In the rat MCAo model, the recovery of the infarcted region and positive changes of behaviour are observed after treatment of MSCs with SM. Conclusions The therapy using SM enhances the therapeutic effect for brain ischemic stroke by promoting the survival of MSCs. This synergetic effect thereby proposes a new experimental approach of traditional Chinese medicine and stem cell‐based therapies for patients suffering from a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kim
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seokyeon Lee
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hojin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Min Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Yeong Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyungmin Baek
- Department of Cardiovascular and Neurologic Disease, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Hanny University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Woochul Chang
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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Sangiovanni E, Brivio P, Dell'Agli M, Calabrese F. Botanicals as Modulators of Neuroplasticity: Focus on BDNF. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5965371. [PMID: 29464125 PMCID: PMC5804326 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5965371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in different central nervous system (CNS) diseases suggests that this neurotrophin may represent an interesting and reliable therapeutic target. Accordingly, the search for new compounds, also from natural sources, able to modulate BDNF has been increasingly explored. The present review considers the literature on the effects of botanicals on BDNF. Botanicals considered were Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell, Coffea arabica L., Crocus sativus L., Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim., Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (green tea), Ginkgo biloba L., Hypericum perforatum L., Olea europaea L. (olive oil), Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Rhodiola rosea L., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Vitis vinifera L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, and Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton. The effect of the active principles responsible for the efficacy of the extracts is reviewed and discussed as well. The high number of articles published (more than one hundred manuscripts for 14 botanicals) supports the growing interest in the use of natural products as BDNF modulators. The studies reported strengthen the hypothesis that botanicals may be considered useful modulators of BDNF in CNS diseases, without high side effects. Further clinical studies are mandatory to confirm botanicals as preventive agents or as useful adjuvant to the pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Brivio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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10
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Liu CT, Wu BY, Hung YC, Wang LY, Lee YY, Lin TK, Lin PY, Chen WF, Chiang JH, Hsu SF, Hu WL. Decreased risk of dementia in migraine patients with traditional Chinese medicine use: a population-based cohort study. Oncotarget 2017; 8:79680-79692. [PMID: 29108348 PMCID: PMC5668081 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with migraine are reportedly at increased risk of developing dementia. We aimed to investigate the association between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use and dementia risk in migraine patients. This longitudinal cohort study used the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database to identify 32,386 diagnosed migraine patients aged 20 years and above who received treatment from 1997 to 2010. To balance comparability between TCM users and non-TCM users, we randomly selected equal numbers from each group, and compared subgroups compiled based on combinations of age, sex, index year, and year of migraine diagnosis. All enrollees received follow-up until the end of 2013 to measure dementia incidence. We identified 1,402 TCM users and non-TCM users after frequency matching. A total of 134 subjects were newly diagnosed with dementia during the follow-up period. TCM users were significantly less likely to develop dementia than non-TCM users. The most frequently prescribed formulae and single Chinese herbal products were Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San and Yan-Hu-Suo, respectively. This population-based study revealed a decreased dementia risk in migraine patients with TCM use. These findings may provide a reference for dementia prevention strategies, and help integrate TCM into clinical intervention programs that provide a favorable prognosis for migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bei-Yu Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiang Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Yi Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Yuh Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Feng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Fooyin University College of Nursing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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11
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Xing L, Tan ZR, Cheng JL, Huang WH, Zhang W, Deng W, Yuan CS, Zhou HH. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic comparison of tanshinones between two formulations of Salvia miltiorrhiza in healthy volunteers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4709. [PMID: 28680091 PMCID: PMC5498502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) is widely used to treat microcirculatory disturbance-related diseases; its lipophilic components play important roles in this application. Cryptotanshinone (CTS), tanshinone I (TSI) and tanshinone IIA (TSA) are the most widely-studied lipophilic ingredients, but low oral bioavailability limits their clinical application. It has been proven that micronization could improve the bioavailability of some drugs, so we’ve conducted this randomized study to investigate whether micronized granular powder (GP) of SM could improve the bioavailability of tanshinones compared with traditional decoction (TD). An oral dose of TD or GP of SM was administrated to subjects and blood samples were collected at predetermined time points. The plasma concentrations of tanshinones were detected by a validated method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model. GP of SM resulted in a significant increase in mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), elimination half-life and area under concentration-time curve (AUC) of tanshinones, with the plasma AUC of CTS, TSI and TSA in GP 5–184, 4–619 and 5–130 times higher than TD. In addition, the individual variances of Cmax and AUC were much lower after GP administration. Summarily, tanshinones in micronized GP of SM had higher oral bioavailability and lower individual variances, thus we speculate that it may indicate a better clinical efficacy and be a better choice than current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xing
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Rong Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China.
| | - Jin-Le Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cell-broken Decoction Pieces Technology and Application of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528437, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China.,Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China
| | - Wen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cell-broken Decoction Pieces Technology and Application of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528437, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China.
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12
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Abstract
Genus Salvia, commonly known as sage, is the largest genus in the Lamiaceae family. It comprises many species traditionally used as brain-enhancing tonics. In vitro and animal studies have confirmed that several Salvia species contain a large array of active compounds that may enhance cognitive activity and protect against neurodegenerative disease. In this review, the active constituents in plants belonging to the genus Salvia are summarised, and their influence on pharmacodynamics pertinent to cognitive activity are detailed. In particular, the effects of plants belonging to the genus Salvia and their constituents on cognitive skills including memory, attention and learning are detailed. Their potential effects in dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, are also examined. Completed human trials are summarised, and factors influencing the potency of Salvia plants are covered. Finally, directions for future research are proposed to enhance our understanding of the potential health benefits of Salvia plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Lopresti
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
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13
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Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 135:29-56. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Senol FS, Ślusarczyk S, Matkowski A, Pérez-Garrido A, Girón-Rodríguez F, Cerón-Carrasco JP, den-Haan H, Peña-García J, Pérez-Sánchez H, Domaradzki K, Orhan IE. Selective in vitro and in silico butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of diterpenes and rosmarinic acid isolated from Perovskia atriplicifolia Benth. and Salvia glutinosa L. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 133:33-44. [PMID: 27817931 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholinesterase inhibition is one of the most treatment strategies against Alzheimer's disease (AD) where metal accumulation is also strongly associated with pathology of the disease. In the current study, we assessed inhibitory effect against acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and metal-chelating capacity of twelve diterpenes: arucadiol, miltirone, tanshinone IIa, 1-oxomiltirone, cryptotanshinone, 1,2-didehydromiltirone, 1,2-didehydrotanshinone IIa, 1β-hydroxycryptotanshinone, 15,16-dihydrotanshinone, tanshinone I, isotanshinone II, 1(S)-hydroxytanshinone IIa, and rosmarinic acid, isolated from Perovskia atriplicifolia and Salvia glutinosa. The compounds were tested at 10 μg/mL using ELISA microtiter assays against AChE and BChE. QSAR and molecular docking studies have been also performed on the active compounds. All of the compounds showed higher [e.g., IC50 = 1.12 ± 0.07 μg/mL for 1,2-didehydromiltirone, IC50 = 1.15 ± 0.07 μg/mL for cryptotanshinone, IC50 = 1.20 ± 0.03 μg/mL for arucadiol, etc.)] or closer [1,2-didehydrotanshinone IIa (IC50 = 5.98 ± 0.49 μg/mL) and 1(S)-hydroxytanshinone IIa (IC50 = 5.71 ± 0.27 μg/mL)] inhibition against BChE as compared to that of galanthamine (IC50 = 12.56 ± 0.37 μg/mL), whereas only 15,16-dihydrotanshinone moderately inhibited AChE (65.17 ± 1.39%). 1,2-Didehydrotanshinone IIa (48.94 ± 0.26%) and 1(S)-hydroxytanshinone IIa (47.18 ± 5.10%) possessed the highest metal-chelation capacity. The present study affords an evidence for the fact that selective BChE inhibitors should be further investigated as promising candidate molecules for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sezer Senol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sylwester Ślusarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alfonso Pérez-Garrido
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Francisco Girón-Rodríguez
- Department of Food and Nutrition Technology, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - José P Cerón-Carrasco
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Helena den-Haan
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Jorge Peña-García
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain.
| | - Krzysztof Domaradzki
- Department of Weed Science and Soil Tillage Systems, IUNG-Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
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Wei W, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang H. Danshen-Enhanced Cardioprotective Effect of Cardioplegia on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in a Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Model. Artif Organs 2016; 41:452-460. [PMID: 27925238 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cardiac Regenerative Medicine; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cardiac Regenerative Medicine; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Yangming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cardiac Regenerative Medicine; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cardiac Regenerative Medicine; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
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16
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Karioti A, Carta F, Supuran CT. Phenols and Polyphenols as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121649. [PMID: 27918439 PMCID: PMC6273245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenols are among the largest and most widely distributed groups of secondary metabolites within the plant kingdom. They are implicated in multiple and essential physiological functions. In humans they play an important role as microconstituents of the daily diet, their consumption being considered healthy. The physical and chemical properties of phenolic compounds make these molecules versatile ligands, capable of interacting with a wide range of targets, such as the Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1). CAs reversibly catalyze the fundamental reaction of CO2 hydration to bicarbonate and protons in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho/physiological processes. This review will discuss the most recent advances in the search of naturally occurring phenols and their synthetic derivatives that inhibit the CAs and their mechanisms of action at molecular level. Plant extracts or mixtures are not considered in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Karioti
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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17
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Hung YC, Cheng YC, Muo CH, Chiu HE, Liu CT, Hu WL. Adjuvant Chinese Herbal Products for Preventing Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159333. [PMID: 27428543 PMCID: PMC4948896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chinese herbal products (CHPs) are widely used for atrial fibrillation (AF) in Taiwan. We investigated the effect of adjuvant CHPs in preventing ischemic stroke in patients with AF. METHODS Taiwanese patients in the Health Insurance Database newly diagnosed with AF during 2000-2011 were enrolled. Medication treatment with/without CHPs was administered within 7 days after the AF diagnosis. The clinical endpoint was an ischemic stroke. The Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Student t test were used to examine differences between the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and non-TCM cohorts. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess the risk for ischemic stroke between two cohorts. RESULTS Three hundred and eleven patients underwent TCM treatment and 1715 patients did not. Compared to non-TCM users, TCM users had a lower incidence of stroke (12.59% vs. 1.93%, respectively) and lower risk of stroke [CHA2DS2-VASc score = 0-2 (hazard ratio = 0.20; 95% confidence interval = 0.06-0.65)]. Compared to non-TCM users, the stroke risk was significantly lower in TCM users with AF who were female or younger than 65 years, but not in males, people more than 65 years old, or people with comorbidities. Compared to TCM users, non-TCM users who received conventional treatment had a higher ischemic stroke risk. The risk for AF-related hospitalization was significantly lower in TCM users (0.64%) than in non-TCM users (38.1%). CONCLUSIONS Users of TCM with AF have a lower risk of new-onset ischemic stroke. Therefore, adjuvant CHP therapy may have a protective effect and may be used in AF patients to prevent ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiang Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YCH); (WLH)
| | - Yu-Chen Cheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Muo
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsienhsueh Elley Chiu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Fooyin University College of Nursing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YCH); (WLH)
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18
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Vesicles and micelles: Two versatile vectors for the delivery of natural products. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Karioti A, Ceruso M, Carta F, Bilia AR, Supuran CT. New natural product carbonic anhydrase inhibitors incorporating phenol moieties. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7219-25. [PMID: 26498393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the fundamental reaction of CO2 hydration in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho/physiological conditions. They represent a typical example of enzyme convergent evolution, as six genetically unrelated families of such enzymes were described so far. The need to find selective CA inhibitors (CAIs) triggered the investigation of natural product libraries, which proved to be a valid source of agents with such an activity, as demonstrated for the phenols, polyamines and coumarins. Herein we report an in vitro inhibition study of human (h) CA isoforms hCAs I, II, IV, VII and XII with a panel of natural polyphenols including flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanols, isoflavones and depsides, some of which extracted from Quercus ilex and Salvia miltiorrhiza. Several of the investigated derivatives showed interesting inhibition activity and selectivities for inhibiting some important isoforms over the off-target ones hCA I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Karioti
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
| | - Anna-Rita Bilia
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, PHYTOLAB, Departimento di Chimica Ugo Schiff, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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