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García-Angulo FJ, Palao JM, Giménez-Egido JM, Ortega-Toro E. Effect of Rule Modifications on Kinematic Parameters Using Maturity Stage as a Moderating Variable in U-10 Football Players. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2462. [PMID: 38676078 PMCID: PMC11053628 DOI: 10.3390/s24082462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of regulatory modifications in competitive situations on cinematic variables, considering maturity stage as a moderating factor, in youth football players. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in which 45 players with a mean age of 9.47 ± 0.54 participated. The independent variable analysed was the modification of rules (playing time, scoring, and specific rules). The dependent variables analysed were cinematic variables. These variables were recorded with WimuTM. The maturity stage was considered a moderating factor in this effect. The main results indicate that the modified competition reduced the total distance covered, maximum acceleration speed, and distance covered in acceleration and deceleration in different speed zones. In addition, the maturity stage was found to moderate the effect of the intervention on the total distance covered, distance covered by accelerating in zone 3, and distance covered by decelerating in zone 3. Thus, the proposed modification appeared to reduce the physical demand for competition. Furthermore, it reduced the differences between players with early maturational development and those with late maturational development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier García-Angulo
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (J.M.G.-E.)
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Palao
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Health, Exercise and Sport Management, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53144, USA
| | - José María Giménez-Egido
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (J.M.G.-E.)
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Enrique Ortega-Toro
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (J.M.G.-E.)
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
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Lolli L, Gregson W, Bonanno D, Kuitunen S, Di Salvo V. Age-Related Reference Intervals for Physical Performance Test Outcomes Relevant to Male Youth Middle Eastern Football Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:1283-1295. [PMID: 37604482 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop age-specific reference intervals for physical performance test outcomes relevant to male youth Middle Eastern football players. METHODS We analyzed mixed-longitudinal data (observations range: 1751-1943 assessments) from a sample of 441 male youth outfield football players (chronological age range: 11.7-18.4 y) as part of the Qatar Football Association and Aspire Academy development program over 14 competitive seasons. Semiparametric generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape estimated age-specific reference centiles for 10-m sprinting, 40-m sprinting, countermovement jump height, and maximal aerobic speed variables. RESULTS The estimated reference intervals indicated that the distribution of the physical performance test scores increased monotonically and nonlinearly with advancing chronological age for sprinting and countermovement jump outcome measures, reaching a plateau after 16 years common to each of these performance variables. The maximal aerobic speed median score increased substantially until ∼14.5 years, with the nonlinear trend flattening off toward relatively older chronological ages. CONCLUSIONS We developed age-related reference intervals for physical performance test outcomes relevant to youth Qatari football players. Country-wide age-specific reference intervals can assist in the longitudinal tracking of the individual players' progress over time against benchmark values derived from the reference population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lolli
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha,Qatar
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester,UK
| | - Warren Gregson
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester,UK
| | - Daniele Bonanno
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha,Qatar
| | - Sami Kuitunen
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha,Qatar
| | - Valter Di Salvo
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha,Qatar
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,"Rome,Italy
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Ghouili H, Dridi A, Ouerghi N, Ben Aissa M, Bouassida A, Guelmami N, Sortwell A, Branquinho L, Forte P, Dergaa I. Normative reference and cut-offs values of maximal aerobic speed-20 m shuttle run test and maximal oxygen uptake for Tunisian adolescent (elite) soccer players. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20842. [PMID: 37886771 PMCID: PMC10597831 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop reference curves of aerobic parameters of 20 m shuttle run test for Tunisian soccer players. The study was conducted in the 2022/2023 pre-season. The reference curves of the maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were developed according to the Lambda, Mu and Sigma (LMS) method, using data from 742 Tunisian premier league soccer players aged 11-18 years. Measured variables included: weight, height, body mass index and maximal heart rate (HRmax). HRmax was measured when the participants completed the maximal aerobic speed. VO2max was estimated using the 20 m shuttle run test protocol (speed increment every minute). Our results presented the smoothed percentiles (3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th) of MAS (km/h) and VO2max (ml/kg•min⁻1) according to age. In addition, raw data showed that VO2 max was positively correlated with age (r = 0.333; P < 0.001), height (cm) (r = 0.279; P < 0.001), weight (kg) (r = 0.266; P < 0.001), practice period (years) (r = 0.324; P < 0.001) and BMI (kg/m2) (r = 0.10; P < 0.05). However, it was negatively correlated to HRmax (bpm) (r = -0.247; P < 0.001). Only the measurements within the age group [12-12.99] are significantly higher (p < 0.001; ES = 0.63) compared with the previous age group [11-11.99]. Finally, regarding prevalence, our findings showed that 15.5 % of the players in our sample had VO2max values above the 87.7th percentile cut-off, while only 0.3 % exceeded the 99.18th percentile. The development of normative curves could help coaches and physical trainers to more accurately detect weaknesses in the aerobic performance of their players in order to sustain high-intensity repetitive actions during a soccer match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Ghouili
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Amel Dridi
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Nejmeddine Ouerghi
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ben Aissa
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Anissa Bouassida
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Noomen Guelmami
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Andrew Sortwell
- School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luís Branquinho
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro Forte
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Doha, Qatar
- Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport, And Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Borges PH, da Costa JC, Ramos-Silva LF, Menegassi VM, Praça GM, Moura FA, Ronque ERV. Maturity-associated variation in the body size, physical fitness, technical efficiency, and network-based centrality measures in young soccer players. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7693. [PMID: 37169804 PMCID: PMC10175243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to observe the relationships between the maturity status on the network-based centrality measures of young athletes in small-sided soccer games (SSG). The study included 81 male players (14.4 ± 1.1 years). Measurements included height, sitting height, body mass, and bone age (TW3 method). The applied protocols were the following: Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT1), Repeated Sprints Ability (RSA), observational analysis of techniques, and interactions performed by players in SSG. The relationship between the set of evaluated variables within each maturity status was obtained from the correlational analysis of networks (P < 0.05). The maturity status explained a significant portion of the variance in body mass (η2 = 0.37), height (η2 = 0.30), sitting height (η2 = 0.30), and performance on the YYIRT1 (η2 = 0.08), CMJ (η2 = 0.14), and RSA (η2 = 0.13). No effect of maturity status on network-based centrality measures of young athletes was identified (P > 0.05). For the late maturity group, there was a correlation between the degree of centrality and physical growth indicators (rmean = 0.88). For players with maturation "on time", physical growth indicators relate to the degree of prestige (rmean = 0.36). It is concluded that body size and bone age impact how late and on-time maturity groups interact within the match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Borges
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88010-970, Brazil.
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Borges PH, da Costa JC, Ramos-Silva LF, Praça GM, Ronque ERV. Combined effect of game position and body size on network-based centrality measures performed by young soccer players in small-sided games. Front Psychol 2022; 13:873518. [PMID: 36072028 PMCID: PMC9443843 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.873518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study verified the effects of body size and game position on interactions performed by young soccer players in small-sided games (SSG). The sample consisted of 81 Brazilian soccer players (14.4 ± 1.1 years of age). Height, body mass, and trunk-cephalic height were measured. SSG was applied in the GK + 3v3 + GK format, and Social Network Analyses were carried out through filming the games to obtain the following prominence indicators: degree centrality, closeness centrality, degree prestige, and proximity prestige, in addition to network intensity and number of goals scored. Factorial ANCOVA (bone age as covariate) was used to test the effects of game position, body size, and respective interaction on centrality measurements (p < 0.05). Similarity between game positions in body size indicators (p > 0.05) was observed. The game position affected degree centrality (p = 0.01, η2 = 0.16), closeness centrality (p = 0.01, η2 = 0.11), and network intensity (p = 0.02, η2 = 0.09), in which midfielders presented the highest network prominence values when compared to defenders and forwards. In conclusion, midfielders are players with high interaction patterns in the main offensive plays, which behavior is independent of body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Borges
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Paulo Henrique Borges,
| | - Julio Cesar da Costa
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Ramos-Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Gibson Moreira Praça
- Departamento de Esportes, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Lolli L, Johnson A, Monaco M, DI Salvo V, Gregson W. Relative Skeletal Maturity and Performance Test Outcomes in Elite Youth Middle Eastern Soccer Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1326-1334. [PMID: 35389938 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the influence of differences in relative skeletal maturity on performance test outcomes in elite youth soccer players from the Middle East. METHODS We integrated skeletal age and performance assessments using mixed-longitudinal data available for 199 outfield players (chronological age range, 11.7 to 17.8 yr) enrolled as academy student-athletes (annual screening range, 1 to 5 visits). Skeletal age was determined as per the Tanner-Whitehouse II protocol. Relative maturity was calculated as the difference (∆) between Tanner-Whitehouse II skeletal age minus chronological age. Performance test outcomes of interest were 10-m sprinting, 40-m sprinting, countermovement jump height, and maximal aerobic speed. Separate random-effects generalized additive models quantified differences in performance test outcomes by relative skeletal maturity. Estimated differences were deemed practically relevant based on the location of the confidence interval (95% CI) against minimal detectable change values for each performance test outcome. RESULTS For 40-m sprinting, differences of +0.51 s (95% CI, +0.35 to +0.67 s) and +0.62 s (95% CI, +0.45 to +0.78 s) were practically relevant for relative maturity status of ∆ = -1.5 yr versus ∆ = +0.5 and ∆ = +1 yr, respectively. For countermovement jump height, a difference of -8 cm (95% CI, -10 to -5 cm) was practically relevant for ∆ = -1.5 yr versus ∆ = +1 yr relative maturity status comparison. Effects for 10-m sprinting and maximal aerobic speed were unclear. CONCLUSIONS Integration of skeletal age and performance assessments indicated that conventional maturity status classification criteria were inconsistent to inform player development processes in our sample. Between-player differences in test performance may depend on a substantial delay in skeletal maturation (∆ ≤ -1.5 yr) and the performance outcome measure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Johnson
- Faculty of Health, Psychology & Social Care, Health Sciences Department, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mauricio Monaco
- National Sports Medicine Program, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, QATAR
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Bezuglov E, Emanov A, Waśkiewicz Z, Semeniuk N, Butovsky M, Shoshorina M, Baranova D, Volodina K, Morgans R. Successful Young Athletes Have Low Probability of Being Ranked Among the Best Senior Athletes, but This Is Higher When Compared to Their Less Successful Peers. Front Psychol 2022; 13:869637. [PMID: 35719603 PMCID: PMC9202474 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.869637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Contemporary research has shown that only a small proportion of high achieving young athletes continue to become successful senior athletes. However, there is a lack of empirical literature tracking the success of senior male and female athletes who were considered high achieving as a youth. Hypothesis Athletes of both sexes who are successful in youth categories (U18 and U20) are more likely to be successful senior athletes. Conclusion Data from 67,600 athletes were collated from the tilastopaja.org platform. The inclusion criteria for both genders were determined by top-100 ranking in the U18 and U20 age groups and progression to the top-100 as a senior athlete. Only 23.5% of successful track and field athletes (ranked in top-100) at U18 became a successful senior athlete, while 35.4% were from the U20 group. Girls ranked in the top-100 U18 and U20 categories are significantly more likely to be ranked in the top-100 as a senior when compared to boys. Although, being ranked in the top-50 at U18 and U20 significantly increases the probability of becoming a successful senior athlete when compared with less successful athletes at these age groups (p < 0.001). Notably, the majority (68.5%) of the most successful senior athletes were not ranked in the top-100 when in the U18 or U20 age groups. Only a small group of track and field athletes that are successful at U18 and U20 become successful at senior level. The most successful track and field youth athletes are significantly more likely to succeed as a senior athlete than their less successful peers, while girls are more likely to be successful than boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Bezuglov
- Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia Federation, Moscow, Russia.,High Performance Sport Laboratory, Moscow Witte University, Moscow, Russia.,Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia.,Professional Football Club CSKA, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Emanov
- "Smart Recovery" Sports Medicine Clinic LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zbigniew Waśkiewicz
- Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Sport Science, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Maria Shoshorina
- Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Baranova
- Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kristina Volodina
- Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ryland Morgans
- Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Influence of Maturity Status on Kinanthropometric and Physical Fitness Variables in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to analyze differences in kinanthropometric characteristics and physical performance in relation to maturity status, as well as to determine if age, maturity offset or kinanthropometric variables could predict better performance in physical fitness tests. A total of 152 female volleyball players (14.16 ± 1.25 years old) underwent a kinanthropometric assessment, followed by a physical fitness assessment composed of different tests. The age at peak height velocity (APHV) was calculated, and the sample was divided according to biological maturation into three groups. Significant differences were observed in kinanthropometric variables (p < 0.001–0.026), with early maturers showing higher values. Age, body mass, Cormic index, relative arm span, ∑8 skinfolds, fat mass, corrected arm and thigh girths, muscle mass and biacromial and biiliocristal breadths were the variables that best predicted performance in the physical tests (p < 0.001–0.024). The more mature players showed higher values in most of the kinanthropometric variables, with the more remarkable differences being in body mass, height, arm span and sitting height, and those related to adiposity and absolute body composition, and with structural variables being the most influential on the physical tests. Age had a determinant influence on the differences found between groups in strength and power-related test performance.
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Exploring interactions between maturity status and playing time with fluctuations in physical fitness and hormonal markers in youth soccer players. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4463. [PMID: 35296744 PMCID: PMC8927162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in functional capacities and hormonal indices according to biological maturity and seasonal playing time status in young soccer players. Twenty-three male under-15 players (14.6 ± 0.2 years) were divided into two groups, based on their maturity status and seasonal playing time. They were measured for anthropometrics, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (YYIR1), seven repeated sprint test (7RST), countermovement jump (CMJ), skeletal age, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level. Age at peak height velocity (APHV) was determined to estimate the maturity timing. The results revealed that players who advanced in maturation were significantly heavier (p = 0.029) and had higher values in skeletal age (p < 0.001), sitting height (p = 0.005), CMJ (p = 0.038), and IGF-1 (p = 0.013). Players given greater playing time exhibited significantly lower fatigue index (p = 0.012), but higher CMJ (p = 0.003) and IGF-1 (p = 0.001) values. The overall results highlighted that early-maturing players and players with greater playing time obtained higher values in both CMJ and IGF-1. The findings may provide an insight on the coaches’ evaluation of players and on the possible factors that may affect the future playing status of young male soccer players.
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de Almeida-Neto PF, de Medeiros RCDSC, de Matos DG, Baxter-Jones ADG, Aidar FJ, de Assis GG, Silva Dantas PM, Cabral BGDAT. Lean mass and biological maturation as predictors of muscle power and strength performance in young athletes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254552. [PMID: 34252161 PMCID: PMC8274902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The biological maturation (BM) analyzed by peak height velocity (PHV) and bone age (BA), and lean body mass has been associated with the strength and muscle power of young athletes. However, the ability of BM (PHV and BA) and LM markers to predict muscle strength and power in young athletes remains uncertain. Objective The Aim was determine the predicting power of BM markers (PHV and BA) and LM in relation to muscle power of upper and lower limbs and muscle strength of upper limbs in adolescent athletes at puberty. Methods Ninety-two adolescent athletes (both sexes; age 12.4 ± 1.02 years) were assessed for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Power of upper limbs (ULP), force handgrip (HG), vertical jump (VJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) were recorded. BM was predicted by mathematical models to estimate PHV and BA. Multilayer artificial neural network analyses (MLP’s) were used to determine the power of prediction of LM, PHV and BA on muscle power and strength of upper- and lower-limbs of the athletes. Results LM, BA and PHV were associated with HG (r>0.74, p<0.05) and ULS (r>0.60, p<0.05) in both sexes. In both sexes BA was associated with VJ (r>0.55, p<0.05) and CMJ (r>0.53, p<0.05). LM indicated associations (r>0.60, p<0.05) with BA and with PHV (r<0.83, p<0.05) in both sexes. MLP’s analysis revealed that the LM provides > 72% of probability to predict the muscle power of upper- and lower-limbs, and the strength of the upper limbs; whereas PHV provides > 43% and bone age >64% in both female and male adolescent athletes. Conclusion We identified that, like PHV and BA, LM is a strong predictor of low cost of both upper limbs muscle strength and upper and lower limbs power in adolescent athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto
- Health Sciences Center—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, DEF-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CCS-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de Medeiros
- Health Sciences Center—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, DEF-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CCS-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education—State University of Rio Grande do Norte, UERN, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Dihogo Gama de Matos
- Cardiovascular & Physiology of Exercise Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, São Cristovão, SE, Brazil
| | - Gilmara Gomes de Assis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk University of Physical Education, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas
- Health Sciences Center—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, DEF-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CCS-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco Cabral
- Health Sciences Center—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, DEF-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CCS-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Morris RO, Jones B, Myers T, Lake J, Emmonds S, Clarke ND, Singleton D, Ellis M, Till K. Isometric Midthigh Pull Characteristics in Elite Youth Male Soccer Players: Comparisons by Age and Maturity Offset. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 34:2947-2955. [PMID: 29985220 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Morris, RO, Jones, B, Myers, T, Lake, J, Emmonds, S, Clarke, ND, Singleton, D, Ellis, M, and Till, K. Isometric midthigh pull characteristics in elite youth male soccer players: Comparisons by age and maturity offset. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2947-2955, 2020-The purpose of this study was to (a) provide comparative isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) force-time characteristics for elite youth soccer players and (b) determine the effect of age and maturation on IMTP force-time characteristics. Elite male youth soccer players (U12 n = 51; U13 n = 54; U14 n = 56; U15 n = 45; U16 n = 39; and U18 n = 48) across 3 maturity offset groups (Pre n = 117; circa n = 84; and Post-peak height velocity n = 92) performed 2 maximal IMTP trials on a portable force platform (1,000 Hz). Absolute and relative values for peak force (PF) and impulse over 100 and 300 ms were analyzed. A full Bayesian regression model was used to provide probable differences similar to that of a frequentist p value. Advanced age and maturation resulted in superior IMTP force-time characteristics. Peak force demonstrated high probabilities of a difference between all consecutive age groups (p > 0.95). For absolute and relative impulse (100 and 300 ms), only 2 consecutive age groups (U14-15's and U16-18's) demonstrated high probabilities of a difference (p > 0.95) with large effects (d = 0.59-0.93). There were high probable differences between all maturity offset groups for PF and impulse with medium to large effects (d = 0.56-3.80). These were also reduced when expressed relative to body mass (relative PF and relative impulse). This study provides comparative IMTP force-time characteristics of elite male youth soccer players. Practitioners should consider individual maturation status when comparing players given the impact this has on force expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys O Morris
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Jones
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Myers
- Sport, Exercise and Health Research Center, Newman University Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Lake
- Chichester Institute of Sport, University of Chichester, Chichester, United Kingdom
| | - Stacey Emmonds
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Neil D Clarke
- School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Singleton
- Birmingham City Football Club, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Matthew Ellis
- Coventry City Football Club, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Till
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
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12
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Kolman NS, Huijgen BCH, Visscher C, Elferink-Gemser MT. The value of technical characteristics for future performance in youth tennis players: A prospective study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245435. [PMID: 33439916 PMCID: PMC7806163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine whether technical characteristics predict current and future tennis performance of youth tennis players. Twenty-nine male youth tennis players (age 13.40 ± .51) were assessed on anthropometrical characteristics (height, weight, maturity status) and technical characteristics (ball speed, accuracy and percentage errors) using an on-court tennis test when they were under-14 (U14). Game situations were simulated, which were either fixed or variable. The variable game situations required players to consider the direction of the ball, as opposed to the fixed game situations where players needed to play every ball to the same side. Players’ tennis ratings were obtained U14 (‘current performance’) and under-18 (U18) (‘future performance’). According to their rating U18 players were classified as future elite (n = 9) or future competitive (n = 20). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that ball speed and accuracy were significant predictors of current and future performance (p < .001), with R2 of .595 and .463, respectively. When controlling for age, a one-way MANCOVA revealed that future elite players were more accurate than future competitive players (p = .048, 95% CI [.000 to .489]), especially in variable compared to fixed game situations (p < .05). In conclusion, the current study is the first to show that technical characteristics are crucial for current as well as future performance in youth male tennis players. Findings of this prospective study provide essential information to coaches about characteristics that require most attention in performance development in youth players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki S Kolman
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Knowledge Center for Sport and Physical Activity, Ede, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara C H Huijgen
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Chris Visscher
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marije T Elferink-Gemser
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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13
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Albaladejo-Saura M, Vaquero-Cristóbal R, González-Gálvez N, Esparza-Ros F. Relationship between Biological Maturation, Physical Fitness, and Kinanthropometric Variables of Young Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E328. [PMID: 33466291 PMCID: PMC7795393 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in knowing the relationship between biological maturation and sport performance-related variables of young athletes. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between biological maturation, physical fitness, and kinanthropometric variables of athletes during their growing period, according to their sex. The systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and the search protocol was registered in PROSPERO, code: CRD42020208397. A search through the PubMed, Web of Sciences, and EBSCO databases was performed. A total of 423 studies were screened and 13 were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was completed by using the mean and standard deviation of each variable according to each maturation status (early, on time, or late). Differences depending on maturation were found on physical fitness, with better results in the advanced maturational groups in the male population (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.17-2.31; p < 0.001-0.05). Differences depending on maturation were found for kinanthropometric variables in males (SMD = 0.37-2.31; p < 0.001-0.002) and height and body mass in females (SMD = 0.96-1.19; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the early maturation group showed higher values in kinanthropometric variables and better results in physical fitness, highlighting the importance of the maturational process in the talent selection programs. Despite that, more research is needed to clarify the relationship of maturation with the other variables on female populations and the changes in the muscle and bone variables during the maturation processes of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Albaladejo-Saura
- Kinanthropometry International Chair, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.-S.); (F.E.-R.)
| | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Kinanthropometry International Chair, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.-S.); (F.E.-R.)
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Noelia González-Gálvez
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Esparza-Ros
- Kinanthropometry International Chair, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.-S.); (F.E.-R.)
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14
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Faustino-da-Silva YV, Martinho DV, Coelho-e-Silva MJ, Valente-dos-Santos J, Conde J, Oliveira TG, Ronque ERV, Agostinete RR, Fernandes RA, Sherar LB. Reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of Greulich-Pyle protocol to estimate skeletal age among female adolescent soccer players. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:494. [PMID: 33106161 PMCID: PMC7586680 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal age (SA) is considered the best method of assessing biological maturation. The aim of this study was to determine intra-observer (reproducibility) and inter-observer agreement of SA values obtained via the Greulich-Pyle (GP) method. In addition, the variation in calculated SAs by alternative GP protocols was examined. METHODS The sample was composed of 100 Portuguese female soccer players aged 12.0-16.7 years. SAs were determined using the GP method by two observers (OB1: experience < 100 exams using GP; OB2: experience > 2000 exams using several methods). The radiographs were examined using alternative GP protocols: (wholeGP) the plate was matched to the atlas as an overall approach; (30-boneGP) bone-by-bone inspections of 30-bones; (GPpmb) bone-by-bone inspections of the pre-mature bones only. For the 30-boneGP and GPpmb approaches, SA was calculated via the mean (M) and the median (Md). RESULTS Reproducibility ranged 82-100% and 88-100% for OB1 and OB2, respectively. Inter-observer agreement (100 participants multiplied by 30 bones) was 92.1%. For specific bones, agreement rates less than 90% were found for scaphoid (81%), medial phalange V (83%), trapezium (84%) and metacarpal V (87%). Differences in wholeGP SAs obtained by the two observers were moderate (d-cohen was 0.79). Mean differences between observers when using bone-by bone SAs were trivial (30-boneGP: d-cohen less than 0.05; GPpmb: d-cohen less than 0.10). The impact of using the mean or the median was negligible, particularly when analyses did not include bones scored as mature. CONCLUSION The GP appeared to be a reasonably reproducible method to assess SA and inter-observer agreement was acceptable. There is evidence to support a recommendation of only scoring pre-mature bones during later adolescence. Further research is required to examine whether these findings are consistent in younger girls and in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri V. Faustino-da-Silva
- Scientific Research Group Related to Physical Activity (GICRAF), Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Presidente Prudente,, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diogo V. Martinho
- University of Coimbra, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, CIDAF (uid/dtp/04213/2020), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva
- University of Coimbra, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, CIDAF (uid/dtp/04213/2020), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Valente-dos-Santos
- University of Coimbra, CIDAF (uid/dtp/04213/2020), Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Conde
- Department of Clinical Physiology, School of Health and Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Enio R. V. Ronque
- Londrina State University, Study and Research Group in Physical Activity and Exercise (GEPAFE), Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R. Agostinete
- Scientific Research Group Related to Physical Activity (GICRAF), Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Presidente Prudente,, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rômulo A. Fernandes
- Scientific Research Group Related to Physical Activity (GICRAF), Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Presidente Prudente,, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lauren B. Sherar
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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15
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Detanico D, Kons RL, Fukuda DH, Teixeira AS. Physical Performance in Young Judo Athletes: Influence of Somatic Maturation, Growth, and Training Experience. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2020; 91:425-432. [PMID: 31906807 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1679334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the individual contributions of chronological age, somatic maturation, body size and composition, and training experience as indicators of performance in neuromuscular and judo-specific assessments in young athletes. Methods: Sixty-six youth judo athletes performed anthropometric measurements, neuromuscular tests-standing long jump test (SLJ), medicine ball throw test (MBT), handgrip strength test (HGS), and judo-specific tests-Special Judo Fitness test (SJFT) and Judogi Grip Isometric Strength Test (JGSTISO). A multiple linear regression was used with the level of significance set at 5%. Results: The main results showed age-peak height velocity (PHV), body fat and training experience explained close to 20% of SJFT performance. Chronological age, age-PHV, height, body mass and body fat accounted for 42% of variance in JGSTISO. Chronological age, body fat and training experience explained 35% of the variance in SLJ, while chronological age, body mass and body fat explained 53% of the variance in MBT. Finally, age-PHV, body mass and height explained 54% of the variance in HGS. Conclusion: Estimated age-PHV and growth variables explained moderate to large proportions of the variance in neuromuscular tests (with exception of SLJ), while both estimated age-PHV, training and growth variables were predictors of judo-specific performance.
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16
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Kelly AL, Williams CA. Physical Characteristics and the Talent Identification and Development Processes in Male Youth Soccer: A Narrative Review. Strength Cond J 2020. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Milanez VF, Bueno MJDO, Caetano FG, Chierotti P, De Moraes SMF, Moura FA. Relationship between number of substitutions, running performance and passing during under-17 and adult official futsal matches. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1761673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Priscila Chierotti
- Sport Sciences Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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18
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Marinho JLC, Martins AO, Rey E, González-Víllora S. Influence of biological maturation on speed, jump, and endurance in high-level youth soccer players. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIÊNCIAS DO ESPORTE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/rbce.42.2019.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to identify the influence of the maturity state in the physical components of the high level youth male soccer players of an elite club in Brazil. Eighty-seven young male soccer players participated in this study, distributed in 34 U-14 players, 23 U-16 players and 30 U-19 players. Peak height velocity (PHV) was estimated: Pre-PHV (<-1.0 years, n=13), mid-PHV (-0.99 to 0.5 years, n=41), and post-PHV (>0.5 years, n=33). Running-based anaerobic sprint test, squat jump, yo-yo and 30m speed test were performed. The results of this study suggest that the maturational development influences vertical jump. VO2max, yo-yo test distance, fatigue index and power. This information is essential for the identification and effective development of talented football players.
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19
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Saward C, Morris JG, Nevill ME, Sunderland C. The effect of playing status, maturity status, and playing position on the development of match skills in elite youth football players aged 11-18 years: A mixed-longitudinal study. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 19:315-326. [PMID: 30115002 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1508502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This mixed-longitudinal study examined the development of match skills in elite male youth footballers (aged 11-18 years), while considering the effect of playing status, maturity status, and playing position. Across two seasons, 126 elite male youth footballers were assessed in 1-10 competitive matches (401 player-matches). For each match, the on-the-ball actions of each player were recorded using a notation system. The match skills observed were frequencies of successful passes, on-target shots, dribbles, crosses, clearances, and tackles/blocks/interceptions. Multilevel Poisson analysis was used to model the development of players, with regard to each match skill. Modelling revealed significant (p < .05) age-related changes in the frequency of several match skills. That is, dribbles increased, on-target shots, crosses and tackles/blocks/interceptions decreased, whereas changes in successful passes were position-specific. Players retained by an academy performed more dribbles compared to released players (p < .05) (e.g. retained vs. released 18-year-old centre forward = 4.1 vs. 2.0 dribbles per hour), and retained defenders performed more tackles/blocks/interceptions than released defenders (p < .05) (e.g. retained vs. released 18-year-old, on-time maturing centre back = 12.5 vs. 10.2 tackles/blocks/interceptions per hour). Moreover, compared to on-time maturing players, early maturing players performed more tackles/blocks/interceptions (p < .05) (e.g. on-time vs. early maturing retained 18-year-old centre back = 12.5 vs. 15.2 tackles/blocks/interceptions per hour). Playing position affected all match skills (p < .05). The developmental profiles of match skills presented here may support experts in identifying and developing talented footballers across a wide age range, while considering the influence of maturity status and playing position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Saward
- a Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Group, Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK
| | - John G Morris
- a Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Group, Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK
| | - Mary E Nevill
- a Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Group, Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK
| | - Caroline Sunderland
- a Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Group, Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , UK
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20
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Lovecchio N, Novak D, Sedlacek J, Hamar P, Milanovic I, Radisavljevic-Janic S, Emeljanovas A, Eid L, Zago M. Physical fitness for sedentary students: a common trend from six European countries. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:1389-1396. [PMID: 30035472 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have assessed the fitness level of students to evaluate physical condition, compare groups with differences in social disadvantage and to define indexes for post training programs. Often, these large surveys compared groups without normative value that could define the real, practical gaps. Thus, the aim of this study was the definition of baseline values describing the fitness level of sedentary European students. METHODS Standing broad jump (SBJ), sit up (SUP) and sit and reach (SAR) physical fitness tests were assessed on 31,476 students (age=11-13) from 6 European countries were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The effect size for multiple groups ANOVA was obtained to verify the biological consistence of differences. Then, weighted-means were calculated and stratified for age and gender. Overall, boys obtained SAR scores close to zero, while girls obtained results between 2 and 7 cm. The SUP test revealed similar results between boys and girls (about 20). SBJ performances were similar among countries (over 160 cm for boys and 150 for girls). CONCLUSIONS Our results were aligned to other studies performed in other Continents or Countries and can contribute to the establishment of a large and objective reference to readily evaluate the physical fitness and health-related status of young students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lovecchio
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, School of Sport Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy -
| | - Dario Novak
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Pal Hamar
- University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ivana Milanovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Arunas Emeljanovas
- Faculty of Sports Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Luca Eid
- CAPDI & LSM (Italian Physical Education Association), Venice, Italy
| | - Matteo Zago
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, School of Sport Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengeneering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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21
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Rommers N, Mostaert M, Goossens L, Vaeyens R, Witvrouw E, Lenoir M, D'Hondt E. Age and maturity related differences in motor coordination among male elite youth soccer players. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:196-203. [PMID: 29913097 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1488454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated differences in generic and soccer specific motor coordination, as well as speed and agility depending on age and maturity in elite youth soccer players (U10-U15, N = 619). Measurements included body height, body weight and sitting height to estimate age at peak height velocity (APHV); three Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder subtests (i.e. jumping sideways (JS), moving sideways (MS), balancing backwards (BB)) to assess generic motor coordination; the UGent dribbling test for soccer specific motor coordination; a 5m/30m sprint and T-test for speed and agility, respectively. Age specific z-scores of the predicted APHV identified players as earlier, on time or later maturing. (M)ANOVA analyses showed significant age by maturity interaction effects for the speed and agility test cluster, revealing maturity related differences in U14 and U15 players. Next to an overall higher performance with age for all test clusters (η2 0.080-0.468), earlier maturing players outperformed their later maturing peers in 5m/30m sprinting. The opposite was seen for JS and BB. So, players' maturity status should be taken into account to adequately value performance in talent identification. Also, the focus on characteristics that appear to be minimally biased by an earlier maturational timing (i.e. motor coordination) should be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Rommers
- a Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium.,b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.,c Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Mireille Mostaert
- b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Lennert Goossens
- b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Roel Vaeyens
- b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Erik Witvrouw
- d Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Eva D'Hondt
- a Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium.,b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
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