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Fontana R, Mattioli LB, Biotti G, Budriesi R, Gotti R, Micucci M, Corazza I, Marconi P, Frosini M, Manfredini S, Buzzi R, Vertuani S. Magnolia officinalis L. bark extract and respiratory diseases: From traditional Chinese medicine to western medicine via network target. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36879409 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the use of Magnolia officinalis L. (Magnoliaceae) as a possible dietary supplement for supporting the treatment of airway pathologies might be of clinical interest. Two commercially available bark extracts (M. officinalis extract [MOE]) were characterized by quantitation in honokiol and magnolol content by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. MOE effects, as well as those of the reference compounds per se, on some targets connected to airway pathologies (antibacterial- and lung and trachea relaxing- activities) were investigated. Results showed that MOE possessed interesting antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This was accompanied by a spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, possibly owing to its ability to concurrently modulate different targets such as H1 -, β2 - and muscarinic receptors and l-type calcium channels involved in bronchodilation. All these effects were directly related to the MOE content in honokiol and magnolol. In conclusion, the properties of MOE highlighted here strongly encourage its application as dietary supplement in the treatment of airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Fontana
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Heath Products, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Beatrice Mattioli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Biotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Gotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Micucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.,UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Corazza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Frosini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Heath Products, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Heath Products, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Heath Products, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Lee JH, Im DS. Honokiol suppresses 2,6-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115023. [PMID: 35074454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Magnolia officinalis constitutes a traditional Korean medicine used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, and honokiol is an active diphenyl compound present in Magnolia officinalis. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of honokiol on atopic dermatitis in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The therapeutic effects of honokiol were evaluated in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis model. RESULTS Administration of honokiol (10 mg/kg) significantly suppressed mast cell accumulation and inflammation induced by DNCB in skin tissues. Moreover, DNCB-induced increases in serum immunoglobulin E levels were reversed by honokiol treatment. In addition, DNCB-induced elevation of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-17, and interferon-γ) in the skin and lymph nodes was significantly ameliorated by honokiol administration. Furthermore, the increase in lymph nodes sizes induced by DNCB treatment was reduced by honokiol administration. CONCLUSION DNCB-induced atopic responses in the ears and lymph nodes were significantly suppressed by honokiol treatment. These results suggested that honokiol is a potential therapeutic agent for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School and College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School and College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Niu L, Hou Y, Jiang M, Bai G. The rich pharmacological activities of Magnolia officinalis and secondary effects based on significant intestinal contributions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114524. [PMID: 34400262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Magnolia officinalis Cortex (M. officinalis) is a traditional herbal drug widely used in Asian countries. Depending on its multiple biological activities, M. officinalis is used to regulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, relieve cough and asthma, prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and treat depression and anxiety. AIM OF THE REVIEW We aimed to review the abundant form of pharmacodynamics activity and potential mechanisms of action of M. officinalis and the characteristics of the internal processes of the main components. The potential mechanisms of local and distance actions of M. officinalis based on GI tract was provided, and it was used to reveal the interconnections between traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Published literatures about M. officinalis and its main components were collected from several scientific databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Web of Science etc. RESULTS: M. officinalis was shown multiple effects including effects on digestive system, respiratory system, central system, which is consistent with traditional applications, as well as some other activities such as cardiovascular system, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and so on. The mechanisms of these activities are abundant. Its chief ingredients such as magnolol and honokiol can be metabolized into active metabolites in vivo, which can increase water solubility and bioavailability and exert pharmacological activity in the whole body. In the GI tract, M. officinalis and its main ingredient can regulate GI hormones and substance metabolism, protect the intestinal barrier and affect the gut microbiota (GM). These actions are effective to improve local discomfort and some distal symptoms such as depression, asthma, or metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Although M. officinalis has rich pharmacological effects, the GI tract makes great contributions to it. The GI tract is not only an important place for absorption and metabolism but also a key site to help M. officinalis exert local and distal efficacy. Pharmacodynamical studies on the efficacies of distal tissues based on the contributions of the GI tract hold great potential for understanding the benefits of M. officinalis and providing new ideas for the treatment of important diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Niu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China.
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Sun J, Huang S, Qin Y, Zhang P, Li Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Wu R, Qin S, Huo J, Xiao K, Luo W. Anti-allergic actions of a Chinese patent medicine, huoxiangzhengqi oral liquid, in RBL-2H3 cells and in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:672-682. [PMID: 34078224 PMCID: PMC8183508 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1928242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Huoxiangzhengqi oral liquid (HXZQ-OL), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has antibacterial, anti-inflammation and gastrointestinal motility regulation effects. OBJECTIVE The study investigates the anti-allergic activity and underlying mechanism of HXZQ-OL. MATERIALS AND METHODS IgE/Ag-mediated RBL-2H3 cells were used to evaluate the anti-allergic activity of HXZQ-OL (43.97, 439.7 and 4397 μg/mL) in vitro. The release of cytokines and eicosanoids were quantified using ELISA. RT-qPCR was used to measure the gene expression of cytokines. The level of intracellular Ca2+ was measured with Fluo 3/AM. Immunoblotting analysis was performed to investigate the mechanism of HXZQ-OL. In the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), BALB/c mice (5 mice/group) were orally administrated with HXZQ-OL (263.8, 527.6 and 1055 mg/kg/d) or dexamethasone (5 mg/kg/d, positive control) for seven consecutive days. RESULTS HXZQ-OL not only inhibited degranulation of mast cells (IC50, 123 μg/mL), but also inhibited the generation and secretion of IL-4 (IC50, 171.4 μg/mL), TNF-α (IC50, 88.4 μg/mL), LTC4 (IC50, 52.9 μg/mL) and PGD2 (IC50, 195.8 μg/mL). Moreover, HXZQ-OL suppressed the expression of IL-4 and TNF-α mRNA, as well as the phosphorylation of Fyn, Lyn and multiple downstream signalling proteins including MAPK and PI3K/NF-κB pathways. In addition, HXZQ-OL (527.5 mg/kg) attenuated the IgE-mediated PCA with 55% suppression of Evans blue exudation in mice. CONCLUSIONS HXZQ-OL attenuated the activation of mast cell and PCA. Therefore, HXZQ-OL might be used as an alternative treatment for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Sixing Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yao Qin
- Taiji Group, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
| | | | | | - Jiayong Huo
- Taiji Group Chongqing Fulling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chongqing, PR China
| | | | - Weizao Luo
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
- CONTACT Weizao Luo Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, PR China
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Ham HJ, Lee YS, Yun J, Han SB, Son DJ, Hong JT. Anxiolytic-like effects of the ethanol extract of Magnolia obovata leaves through its effects on GABA-benzodiazepine receptor and neuroinflammation. Behav Brain Res 2020; 383:112518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhou W, Lin X, Chu J, Jiang T, Zhao H, Yan B, Zhang Z. Magnolol prevents ossified tendinopathy by inhibiting PGE2-induced osteogenic differentiation of TDSCs. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:117-124. [PMID: 30798160 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnolol is a compound that is extracted from magnolia, is used in Chinese medicine and is a type of lignan. Magnolol has various anti-inflammation, anti-proliferation and pro-autophagy effects. Ossified tendinopathy affects many athletes and people with repetitive tendon injuries. Ossified tendinopathy is a tremendous economic burden, and no effective and safe drugs are available to prevent the pathogenesis of ectopic ossification. In this study, we aimed to study how magnolol affects ossified tendinopathy by evaluating its effects on osteogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). Our data suggested that magnolol attenuated ectopic ossification in the Achilles tendon caused by Achilles tenotomy. Magnolol inhibited PGE2-induced ALP activity and prevented calcium deposits in TDSCs in vitro. Magnolol also exerted inhibitory effects on expression of osteogenic factors, such as Runx2, OCN, and BMP2 in vivo. Further investigation revealed the underlying mechanism by which magnolol prevents PGE2-induced ectopic ossification. Specifically, magnolol inhibits PGE2-induced PI3K/AKT/β-catenin pathway activation in TDSCs. Our findings demonstrated that magnolol inhibited ossified tendinopathy through preventing osteogenic differentiation of TDSCs via downregulation PGE2-induced PI3K/AKT/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Jun Chu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China.
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China.
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Yimam M, Jiao P, Hong M, Brownell L, Lee YC, Hyun EJ, Kim HJ, Kim TW, Nam JB, Kim MR, Jia Q. Appetite Suppression and Antiobesity Effect of a Botanical Composition Composed of Morus alba, Yerba mate, and Magnolia officinalis. J Obes 2016; 2016:4670818. [PMID: 27699065 PMCID: PMC5028828 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4670818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Obesity and its comorbidities continue to challenge the world at an alarming rate. Although the long term solution lies on lifestyle changes in the form of dieting and exercising, drug, medical food, or dietary supplement interventions are required for those who are already obese. Here we describe a standardized blend composed of extracts from three medicinal plants: Morus alba, Yerba mate, and Magnolia officinalis for appetite suppression and metabolic disorders management. Method. Extracts were standardized to yield a composition designated as UP601. Appetite suppression activity was tested in acute feed intake rat model. Efficacy was evaluated in C57BL/6J mouse models treated with oral doses of 1.3 g/kg/day for 7 weeks. Orlistat at 40 mg/kg/day was used as a positive control. Body compositions of mice were assessed using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). ELISA was done for insulin, leptin, and ghrelin level quantitation. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) scoring was conducted. Results. Marked acute hypophagia with 81.8, 75.3, 43.9, and 30.9% reductions in food intake at 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours were observed for UP601. Decreases in body weight gain (21.5% compared to the HFD at weeks 7 and 8.2% compared to baseline) and calorie intake (40.5% for the first week) were observed. 75.9% and 46.8% reductions in insulin and leptin, respectively, 4.2-fold increase in ghrelin level, and reductions of 18.6% in cholesterol and 59% in low-density lipoprotein were documented. A percentage body fat of 18.9%, 47.8%, 46.1%, and 30.4% was found for mice treated with normal control, HFD, Orlistat, and UP601, respectively. 59.3% less mesenteric fat pad and improved NASH scores were observed for UP601. Conclusion. UP601, a standardized botanical composition from Morus alba, Yerba mate, and Magnolia officinalis could be used as a natural alternative for appetite suppression, maintaining healthy body weight and metabolism management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Yimam
- Unigen Inc., 3005 1st Avenue Seattle, WA 98121, USA
- *Mesfin Yimam:
| | - Ping Jiao
- Unigen Inc., 3005 1st Avenue Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Mei Hong
- Unigen Inc., 3005 1st Avenue Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | | | - Young-Chul Lee
- Unigen Inc., No. 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-863, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu-Jin Hyun
- Unigen Inc., No. 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-863, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Unigen Inc., No. 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-863, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Kim
- Unigen Inc., No. 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-863, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Bum Nam
- Unigen Inc., No. 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-863, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Kim
- Unigen Inc., No. 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330-863, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- Unigen Inc., 3005 1st Avenue Seattle, WA 98121, USA
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Zhang T, Finn DF, Barlow JW, Walsh JJ. Mast cell stabilisers. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 778:158-68. [PMID: 26130122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells play a critical role in type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Indeed, mast cell mediators are implicated in many different conditions including allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, psoriasis, mastocytosis and the progression of many different cancers. Thus, there is intense interest in the development of agents which prevent mast cell mediator release or which inhibit the actions of such mediators once released into the environment of the cell. Much progress into the design of new agents has been made since the initial discovery of the mast cell stabilising properties of khellin from Ammi visnaga and the clinical approval of cromolyn sodium. This review critically examines the progress that has been made in the intervening years from the design of new agents that target a specific signalling event in the mast cell degranulation pathway to those agents which have been developed where the precise mechanism of action remains elusive. Particular emphasis is also placed on clinically used drugs for other indications that stabilise mast cells and how this additional action may be harnessed for their clinical use in disease processes where mast cells are implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Frances Finn
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James William Barlow
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John Jarlath Walsh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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McKeown BT, McDougall L, Catalli A, Hurta RAR. Magnolol causes alterations in the cell cycle in androgen insensitive human prostate cancer cells in vitro by affecting expression of key cell cycle regulatory proteins. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:1154-64. [PMID: 25264561 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.951736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, one of the most common cancers in the Western world, affects many men worldwide. This study investigated the effects of magnolol, a compound found in the roots and bark of the magnolia tree Magnolia officinalis, on the behavior of 2 androgen insensitive human prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and PC3, in vitro. Magnolol, in a 24-h exposure at 40 and 80 μM, was found to be cytotoxic to cells. Magnolol also affected cell cycle progression of DU145 and PC3 cells, resulting in alterations to the cell cycle and subsequently decreasing the proportion of cells entering the G2/M-phase of the cell cycle. Magnolol inhibited the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins including cyclins A, B1, D1, and E, as well as CDK2 and CDK4. Protein expression levels of pRBp107 decreased and pRBp130 protein expression levels increased in response to magnolol exposure, whereas p16(INK4a), p21, and p27 protein expression levels were apparently unchanged post 24-h exposure. Magnolol exposure at 6 h did increase p27 protein expression levels. This study has demonstrated that magnolol can alter the behavior of androgen insensitive human prostate cancer cells in vitro and suggests that magnolol may have potential as a novel anti-prostate cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan T McKeown
- a Department of Biology , University of Prince Edward Island , Charlottetown , Prince Edward Island , Canada
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Magnolol Suppresses MetastasisviaInhibition of Invasion, Migration, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2/-9 Activities in PC-3 Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 74:961-7. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Domínguez F, García-Regalado A, González-Sánchez I, Cerbón MA, García-Carrancá A. Magnolia dealbata seeds extract exert cytotoxic and chemopreventive effects on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:621-627. [PMID: 24400594 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.859160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cancer prevention remains a high priority for the scientific world. Magnolia dealbata Zucc (Magnoliaceae), a Mexican endemic species, is used for the empirical treatment of cancer. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive effects of an ethanol extract of Magnolia dealbata seeds (MDE). MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic effect of MDE, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 µg/ml, on human cancer cells and human nontumorigenic cells was evaluated using the MTT assay for 48 h. The apoptotic activities of MDE 25 μg/ml on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells were evaluated using the TUNEL assay and the detection of caspase 3 using immunofluorescence analysis for 48 h, each. The chemopreventive effect was evaluated by administrating different doses of MDE, between 1 and 50 mg/kg, injected intraperitoneally daily into athymic mice which were implanted with MDA-MB231 cells during 28 days. The growth and weight of tumors were measured. RESULTS MDE showed cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB231 cells (IC₅₀ = 25 µg/ml) and exerted pro-apoptotic activities as determined by DNA fragmentation in MDA-MB231 cells. MDE 25 µg/ml also induces the activation of caspase 3 in MDA-MB231 cells. These results suggest that Magnolia dealbata may be an optimal source of the bioactive compounds: honokiol (HK) and magnolol (MG). MDE 50 mg/kg i.p. exerted chemopreventive effects by inhibiting the growth of MDA-MB231 tumor by 75% in athymic mice, compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS MDE exerts cytotoxic, apoptotic and chemopreventive activities on MDA-MB231 human cancer cells.
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Li LF, Yang J, Ma SP, Qu R. Magnolol treatment reversed the glial pathology in an unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced rat model of depression. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 711:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Chuang DY, Chan MH, Zong Y, Sheng W, He Y, Jiang JH, Simonyi A, Gu Z, Fritsche KL, Cui J, Lee JC, Folk WR, Lubahn DB, Sun AY, Sun GY. Magnolia polyphenols attenuate oxidative and inflammatory responses in neurons and microglial cells. J Neuroinflammation 2013; 10:15. [PMID: 23356518 PMCID: PMC3576246 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-10-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The bark of magnolia has been used in Oriental medicine to treat a variety of remedies, including some neurological disorders. Magnolol (Mag) and honokiol (Hon) are isomers of polyphenolic compounds from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, and have been identified as major active components exhibiting anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In this study, we investigate the ability of these isomers to suppress oxidative stress in neurons stimulated by the ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and oxidative and inflammatory responses in microglial cells activated by interferon-γ (IFNγ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also attempt to elucidate the mechanism and signaling pathways involved in cytokine-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in microglial cells. Methods Dihydroethidium (DHE) was used to assay superoxide production in neurons, while CM-H2DCF-DA was used to test for ROS production in murine (BV-2) and rat (HAPI) immortalized microglial cells. NADPH oxidase inhibitors (for example, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), AEBSF, and apocynin) and immunocytochemistry targeting p47phox and gp91phox were used to assess the involvement of NADPH oxidase. Western blotting was used to assess iNOS and ERK1/2 expression, and the Griess reaction protocol was employed to determine nitric oxide (NO) concentration. Results Exposure of Hon and Mag (1–10 μM) to neurons for 24 h did not alter neuronal viability, but both compounds (10 μM) inhibited NMDA-stimulated superoxide production, a pathway known to involve NADPH oxidase. In microglial cells, Hon and Mag inhibited IFNγ±LPS-induced iNOS expression, NO, and ROS production. Studies with inhibitors and immunocytochemical assay further demonstrated the important role of IFNγ activating the NADPH oxidase through the p-ERK-dependent pathway. Hon and, to a lesser extent, Mag inhibited IFNγ-induced p-ERK1/2 and its downstream pathway for ROS and NO production. Conclusion This study highlights the important role of NADPH oxidase in mediating oxidative stress in neurons and microglial cells and has unveiled the role of IFNγ in stimulating the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway for activation of NADPH oxidase in microglial cells. Hon and Mag offer anti-oxidative or anti-inflammatory effects, at least in part, through suppressing IFNγ-induced p-ERK1/2 and its downstream pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Y Chuang
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Li LF, Lu J, Li XM, Xu CL, Deng JM, Qu R, Ma SP. Antidepressant-like Effect of Magnolol on BDNF Up-regulation and Serotonergic System Activity in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Treated Rats. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1189-94. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Fan Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 PR China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 PR China
| | - Xiu-Min Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 PR China
| | - Chang-Liang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 PR China
| | - Ji-Min Deng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 PR China
| | - Rong Qu
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae; Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing 210029 PR China
| | - Shi-Ping Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 PR China
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15
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Chen YH, Huang PH, Lin FY, Chen WC, Chen YL, Yin WH, Man KM, Liu PL. Magnolol: A multifunctional compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Magnolia officinalis. Eur J Integr Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing due to rapid industrialization and changes in lifestyle. Pyeongwee-San (KMP6) is a traditional Korean medicine that has been used as a basic prescription for digestive disorders. This study investigated the efficacy of KMP6 and its component hesperidin on experimental allergic models. METHODS The anti-allergic effect of KMP6 was studied against a compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and the ear swelling response. In addition, a human mast cell line (HMC-1) was used to analyze the activity of histidine decarboxylase. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) from immunoglobulin E (IgE) was used. KEY FINDINGS KMP6 and hesperidin inhibited the compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and the ear swelling response as well as histamine release, intracellular calcium levels and tryptase release from rat peritoneal mast cells. KMP6 inhibited histidine decarboxylase activity in stimulated HMC-1 cells and macrophages. In addition, KMP6 inhibited the PCA reaction induced by IgE as well as the levels of IgE, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-13 in serum from mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that KMP6 may exert an anti-allergic effect through not only the inhibition of mast cell degranulation but also the inhibition of histamine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ra Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Honokiol and magnolol as multifunctional antioxidative molecules for dermatologic disorders. Molecules 2010; 15:6452-65. [PMID: 20877235 PMCID: PMC6257695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15096452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbs have been and still are widely used as important remedies in Oriental medicine. Over the recent years, a variety of biologically active constituents have been isolated from these sources and confirmed to have multifunctional activity in experimental studies. Honokiol is a small-molecule polyphenol isolated from the genus Magnolia. It is accompanied by other related polyphenols, including magnolol, with which it shares certain biological properties. Recently, honokiol and magnolol have been found to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial properties in preclinical models, without appreciable toxicity. These findings have increased interest in bringing honokiol and magnolol to the clinic as novel therapeutic agents in dermatology. In this review, the findings concerning the major mechanisms of action of honokiol and magnolol are described. Knowledge of the multiple activities of honokiol and magnolol can assist with the development of honokiol and magnolol derivatives and the design of clinical trials that will maximize the potential benefit of honokiol and magnolol in the patient setting for dermatologic disorders.
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18
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Shen Y, Pang ECK, Xue CCL, Zhao ZZ, Lin JG, Li CG. Inhibitions of mast cell-derived histamine release by different Flos Magnoliae species in rat peritoneal mast cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:808-814. [PMID: 18585022 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Flos Magnoliae (FM) is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb for symptomatic relief of allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and headache. A number of FM species have been used as substitutes or adulterants for clinical application, although the differences in their pharmacological actions have not been reported. The present study investigated the effects of six identified FM species M. biondii, M. denudata, M. kobus, M. liliflora, M. sargentiana and M. sprengeri, as well as the marker compounds magnolin and fargesin on compound 48/80-induced histamine release in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) in vitro. Ethanolic extracts of all FM species produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of compound 48/80-induced histamine release in RPMC. The rank order of the IC(50)s was M. biondii<M. kobus<M. liliflora<M. denudata<M. sprengeri<M. sargentiana. The marker compound magnolin, but not fargesin, only slightly inhibited the histamine release. The contents of magnolin and fargesin, determined by using RP-HPLC, varied significantly among these FM species. Magnolin was found in M. biondii, M. kobus and M. liliflora, but not in M. denudate, M. sprengeri and M. sargentiana, while fargesin was only found in M. biondii and M. kobus. These findings provide the first evidence of differences in pharmacological actions of different FM species on mast cell-derived histamine release in vitro. In addition, the marker compounds magnolin and fargesin may not play a major role in the observed pharmacological actions of FM species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shen
- RMIT Chinese Medicine Research Group, School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
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19
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Antidepressant-like effects of the mixture of honokiol and magnolol from the barks of Magnolia officinalis in stressed rodents. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008; 32:715-25. [PMID: 18093712 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol and magnolol are the main constituents simultaneously identified in the barks of Magnolia officinalis, which have been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of mental disorders including depression. In the present study, we reported on the antidepressant-like effects of oral administration of the mixture of honokiol and magnolol in well-validated models of depression in rodents: forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and chronic mild stress (CMS) model. The mixture of honokiol and magnolol significantly decreased immobility time in the mouse FST and TST, and reversed CMS-induced reduction in sucrose consumption to prevent anhedonia in rats. However, this mixture was unable to affect ambulatory or rearing behavior in the mouse open-field test. CMS induced alterations in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels in various brain regions of rats. An increase in serum corticosterone concentrations and a reduction in platelet adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity were simultaneously found in the CMS rats. The mixture of honokiol and magnolol at 20 and 40 mg/kg significantly attenuated CMS-induced decreases of 5-HT levels in frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens. And it markedly increased 5-HIAA levels in frontal cortex, striatum and nucleus accumbens at 40 mg/kg and in frontal cortex at 20 mg/kg in the CMS rats. A subsequent reduction in 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio was found in hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in the CMS rats receiving this mixture. Furthermore, the mixture of honokiol and magnolol reduced elevated corticosterone concentrations in serum to normalize the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) hyperactivity in the CMS rats. It also reversed CMS-induced reduction in platelet AC activity, via upregulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway. These results suggested that the mixture of honokiol and magnolol possessed potent antidepressant-like properties in behaviors involved in normalization of biochemical abnormalities in brain 5-HT and 5-HIAA, serum corticosterone levels and platelet AC activity in the CMS rats. Our findings could provide a basis for examining directly the interaction of the serotonergic system, the HPA axis and AC-cAMP pathway underlying the link between depression and treatment with the mixture of honokiol and magnolol.
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Ou HC, Chou FP, Sheu WHH, Hsu SL, Lee WJ. Protective effects of magnolol against oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2007; 81:421-32. [PMID: 17216433 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-006-0172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Accepted: 12/04/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnolol, a compound extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, has several biological effects. However, its protective effects against endothelial injury remain unclear. In this study, we examined whether magnolol prevents oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced vascular endothelial apoptosis. Incubation of oxLDL with magnolol (2.5-20 microM) inhibited copper-induced oxidative modification via diene formation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and electrophoretic mobility assay. Apoptotic cell death as characterized by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) stain. We measured the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by using the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein acetoxymethyl ester (DCF-AM), and observed the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, several apoptotic signaling pathways which showed NF-kappaB activation, increased cytosolic calcium, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release and activation of caspase 3 were also investigated. We demonstrated that magnolol prevented the copper-induced oxidative modification of LDL. Magnolol attenuated the oxLDL-induced ROS generation and subsequent NF-kappaB activation. Furthermore, intracellular calcium accumulation and subsequent mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, cytochome c release and activation of caspase 3 caused by oxLDL were also inhibited by magnolol. Our results suggest that magnolol may have clinical implications in the prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease through decreasing the oxLDL-induced ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Chung Ou
- Department of Education and Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 160, Sec. 3, Taichung-Kang Road, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
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Garrison B, Hughes K. Relaxation During Weight Loss: Relieving Stress with an Herbal Combination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1089/act.2005.11.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bob Garrison
- Next Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California
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Kobayashi S, Watanabe J, Fukushi E, Kawabata J, Nakajima M, Watanabe M. Polyphenols from some foodstuffs as inhibitors of ovalbumin permeation through caco-2 cell monolayers. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2003; 67:1250-7. [PMID: 12843650 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.67.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Some spices showed high inhibitory activity against ovalbumin permeation through Caco-2 cell monolayers. Pimentol from allspice, rosmarinic acid and luteolin-7-O-beta-glucuronide from thyme, quercetin-3-O-beta-glucuronide from coriander and rutin from tarragon were identified as the active principles. A structure-activity relationship study among the active isolates and their related compounds indicated that the presence of a catechol structure played an important role in the inhibitory activity of each compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Kobayashi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki 370-0033, Japan.
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Ikarashi Y, Yuzurihara M. Potentiation by saiboku-to of diazepam-induced decreases in hippocampal and striatal acetylcholine release in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2002; 9:700-708. [PMID: 12587689 DOI: 10.1078/094471102321621296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Effects of saiboku-to, a traditional oriental herbal medicine, on diazepam-induced changes in cerebral acetylcholine (ACh) were investigated in rat striatum and hippocampus. Diazepam (10 mg/kg, i.p.) increased tissue concentrations of the ACh in both regions. The increase was enhanced in rats subacutely treated with saiboku-to (2.0 g/kg, p.o., once a day) for 7 days. Diazepam also decreased release levels of ACh in both regions. The release levels were further decreased in saiboku-to-treated rats. On the other hand, no significant changes in ACh synthesizing and the hydrolyzing enzyme activities in either brain region were observed in saiboku-to-, diazepam- and combination-treated rats. These results suggest that not only is the diazepam-induced increase in tissue ACh due to the inhibition of ACh release but also that saiboku-to potentiates diazepam-induced inhibition of ACh release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ikarashi
- Kampo & Pharmacognosy Laboratories, Tsumura, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, Japan.
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