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Huang K, De Long JR, Yan X, Wang X, Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Du G, van Kleunen M, Guo H. Why are graminoid species more dominant? Trait-mediated plant-soil feedbacks shape community composition. Ecology 2024; 105:e4295. [PMID: 38723655 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Species traits may determine plant interactions along with soil microbiome, further shaping plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs). However, how plant traits modulate PSFs and, consequently, the dominance of plant functional groups remains unclear. We used a combination of field surveys and a two-phase PSF experiment to investigate whether forbs and graminoids differed in PSFs and in their trait-PSF associations. When grown in forb-conditioned soils, forbs experienced stronger negative feedbacks, while graminoids experienced positive feedbacks. Graminoid-conditioned soil resulted in neutral PSFs for both functional types. Forbs with thin roots and small seeds showed more-negative PSFs than those with thick roots and large seeds. Conversely, graminoids with acquisitive root and leaf traits (i.e., thin roots and thin leaves) demonstrated greater positive PSFs than graminoids with thick roots and tough leaves. By distinguishing overall and soil biota-mediated PSFs, we found that the associations between plant traits and PSFs within both functional groups were mainly mediated by soil biota. A simulation model demonstrated that such differences in PSFs could lead to a dominance of graminoids over forbs in natural plant communities, which might explain why graminoids dominate in grasslands. Our study provides new insights into the differentiation and adaptation of plant life-history strategies under selection pressures imposed by soil biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailing Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jonathan R De Long
- Department of Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED-ELD), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xuebin Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlong Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guozhen Du
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mark van Kleunen
- Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Spatial Aggregation and Biometric Variability of the Grass Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth during Different Expansion Stages in Mesic Mountain Meadows. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137903. [PMID: 35805562 PMCID: PMC9265864 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth is one of the most expansive clonal grass species. Despite many publications about its biology, the expansive mechanism of C. epigejos is relatively unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine: I. the dependency between Calamagrostis epigejos ramet density, habitat properties, and the biometric variability of the species; II. the relation between clone architecture and the diversity parameters and the productivity of grassland biocoenoses; III. the expansion strategy of Calamagrostis epigejos within mesic meadows, representing three stages of degradation. The research was conducted in the Central Sudetes (SW Poland). Ten transects were selected for the study, each representing Arrhenatheretalia-type meadows with patches degraded as a result of Calamagrostis epigejos expansion:initial, intermediate, and advanced. The phalanx strategy was observed within the studied range of the Calamagrostis epigejos expansion in the mesic mountain meadows. The study showed no relation between the Calamagrostis epigejos expansion and the phenomenon of ramet self-thinning, though it noted the influence of the habitat on the variability of its biometric features.
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Kulik M, Patkowski K, Warda M, Lipiec A, Bojar W, Gruszecki TM. Assessment of biomass nutritive value in the context of animal welfare and conservation of selected Natura 2000 habitats (4030, 6120 and 6210) in eastern Poland. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ranđelović D, Jakovljević K, Mihailović N, Jovanović S. Metal accumulation in populations of Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth from diverse anthropogenically degraded sites (SE Europe, Serbia). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:183. [PMID: 29500587 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal accumulation is recognized as a very important global pollution problem in the last decades. Plant species have been recognized as natural bioindicators of environmental pollution, especially the amount of heavy metals in soils. Moreover, only a limited number of plant species can survive in highly contaminated soils. It is also known that metal accumulation can vary greatly among different populations of the same species. This study examines the chemical composition and accumulation potential of the expansive clonal grass Calamagrostis epigejos at five localities exposed to different levels of anthropogenic pressure. Considerable differences were observed between uptake, translocation, and accumulation of total and available heavy metals, such differences corresponding to soil physico-chemical characteristics and the level of site pollution. The results indicate that Calamagrostis epigejos uptakes a significant portion of the available fraction of heavy metals in the soil and stores it in the roots, thereby exhibiting a certain potential for metal phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Ranđelović
- Faculty of Mining and Geology, Department of Mineralogy, Crystallography, Petrology and Geochemistry, University of Belgrade, Đušina 7, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | - Ksenija Jakovljević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Nevena Mihailović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Jovanović
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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Henning K, Lorenz A, von Oheimb G, Härdtle W, Tischew S. Year-round cattle and horse grazing supports the restoration of abandoned, dry sandy grassland and heathland communities by supressing Calamagrostis epigejos and enhancing species richness. J Nat Conserv 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pruchniewicz D. Abandonment of traditionally managed mesic mountain meadows affects plant species composition and diversity. Basic Appl Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Neumann C, Itzerott S, Weiss G, Kleinschmit B, Schmidtlein S. Mapping multiple plant species abundance patterns - A multiobjective optimization procedure for combining reflectance spectroscopy and species ordination. ECOL INFORM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Höpfner I, Friede M, Unger S, Beyschlag W. Potential advantages of highly mycotrophic foraging for the establishment of early successional pioneer plants on sand. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2014; 42:95-104. [PMID: 32480656 DOI: 10.1071/fp14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive traits ensuring efficient nutrient acquisition, such as extensive fine root systems, are crucial for establishment of pioneer plants on bare sand. Some successful pioneer species of temperate, European sand ecosystems are characterised as obligate mycorrhizals, thus likely substituting fine roots with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, it is not clear whether AM fungal-mediated acquisition of scarce and immobile nutrients such as phosphorus (P) is an advantageous strategy on bare sand over foraging via roots. We compared the foraging performance of three obligately mycorrhizal forbs and two facultatively mycorrhizal grasses, regarding the influence of AMF on their capacity to acquire P from bare sand. Comparison of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal individuals revealed a markedly higher AM fungal-dependency for P acquisition and growth in the forbs than in the grasses. Periodical soil core sampling, allowing for assessment of root and hyphal growth rates, revealed hyphal growth to markedly enlarge the total absorptive surface area (SA) in the forbs, but not in the grasses. Correlations between SA growth and P depletion suggest an AM fungal-induced enhanced capacity for rapid soil P exploitation in the forbs. Our study showed that AM fungal-mediated foraging may be an advantageous strategy over root-mediated foraging in sand pioneer plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Höpfner
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martina Friede
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stephan Unger
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wolfram Beyschlag
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Soil quality: a key factor in understanding plant invasion? The case of Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N.E.Br. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Olsson PA, Ödman AM. Natural Establishment of Specialist Plant Species after Topsoil Removal and Soil Perturbation in Degraded Calcareous Sandy Grassland. Restor Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pål Axel Olsson
- Biodiversity, Department of Biology; Lund University, Ecology Building; SE 223 62 Lund Sweden
| | - Anja Madelen Ödman
- Biodiversity, Department of Biology; Lund University, Ecology Building; SE 223 62 Lund Sweden
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Different nutrient use strategies of expansive grasses Calamagrostis epigejos and Arrhenatherum elatius. Biologia (Bratisl) 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-012-0050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Faust C, Eichberg C, Storm C, Schwabe A. Post-dispersal impact on seed fate by livestock trampling – A gap of knowledge. Basic Appl Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Effect of nitrogen addition and drought on above-ground biomass of expanding tall grasses Calamagrostis epigejos and Arrhenatherum elatius. Biologia (Bratisl) 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-011-0001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hensen I, Kilian C, Wagner V, Durka W, Pusch J, Wesche K. Low genetic variability and strong differentiation among isolated populations of the rare steppe grass Stipa capillata L. in Central Europe. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2010; 12:526-536. [PMID: 20522190 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00227.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Stipa capillata L. (Poaceae) is a rare grassland species in Central Europe that is thought to have once been widespread in post-glacial times. Such relict species are expected to show low genetic diversity within populations and high genetic differentiation between populations due to bottlenecks, long-term isolation and ongoing habitat fragmentation. These patterns should be particularly pronounced in selfing species. We analysed patterns of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variation in the facultatively cleistogamous S. capillata to examine whether genetic diversity is associated with population size, and to draw initial conclusions on the migration history of this species in Central Europe. We analysed 31 S. capillata populations distributed in northeastern, central and western Germany, Switzerland and Slovakia. Estimates of genetic diversity at the population level were low and not related to population size. Among all populations, extraordinarily high levels of genetic differentiation (amova: phi(ST) = 0.86; Bayesian analysis: theta(B) = 0.758) and isolation-by-distance were detected. Hierarchical amova indicated that most of the variability was partitioned among geographic regions (59%), or among populations between regions when the genetically distinct Slovakian populations were excluded. These findings are supported by results of a multivariate ordination analysis. We also found two different groups in an UPGMA cluster analysis: one that contained the populations from Slovakia, and the other that combined the populations from Germany and Switzerland. Our findings imply that S. capillata is indeed a relict species that experienced strong bottlenecks in Central Europe, enhanced by isolation and selfing. Most likely, populations in Slovakia were not the main genetic source for the post-glacial colonization of Central Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hensen
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Langhans TM, Storm C, Schwabe A. Community assembly of biological soil crusts of different successional stages in a temperate sand ecosystem, as assessed by direct determination and enrichment techniques. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2009; 58:394-407. [PMID: 19479305 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-009-9532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In temperate regions, biological soil crusts (BSCs: complex communities of cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algae, bryophytes, and lichens) are not well investigated regarding community structure and diversity. Furthermore, studies on succession are rare. For that reason, the community assembly of crusts representing two successional stages (initial, 5 years old; and stable, >20 years old) were analyzed in an inland sand ecosystem in Germany in a plot-based approach (2 x 18 plots, each 20 x 20 cm). Two different methods were used to record the cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae in these communities comprehensively: determination directly out of the soil and enrichment culture techniques. Additionally, lichens, bryophytes, and phanerogams were determined. We examine four hypotheses: (1) A combination of direct determination and enrichment culture technique is necessary to detect cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae comprehensively. In total, 45 species of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae were detected in the study area with both techniques, including 26 eukaryotic algae and 19 cyanobacteria species. With both determination techniques, 22 identical taxa were detected (11 eukaryotic algae and 11 cyanobacteria). Thirteen taxa were only found by direct determination, and ten taxa were only found in enrichment cultures. Hence, the hypothesis is supported. Additionally, five lichen species (three genera), five bryophyte species (five genera), and 24 vascular plant species occurred. (2) There is a clear difference between the floristic structure of initial and stable crusts. The different successional stages are clearly separated by detrended correspondence analysis, showing a distinct structure of the community assembly in each stage. In the initial crusts, Klebsormidium flaccidum, Klebsormidium cf. klebsii, and Stichococcus bacillaris were important indicator species, whereas the stable crusts are especially characterized by Tortella inclinata. (3) The biodiversity of BSC taxa and vascular plant species increases from initial to stable BSCs. There are significantly higher genera and species numbers of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae in initial BSCs. Stable BSCs are characterized by significantly higher species numbers of bryophytes and vascular plant species. The results show that, in the investigated temperate region, the often-assumed increase of biodiversity in the course of succession is clearly taxa-dependent. Both successional stages of BSCs are diversity "hot spots" with about 29 species of all taxa per 20 x 20 cm plot. (4) Nitrogen and chlorophyll a concentrations increase in the course of succession. The chlorophyll a content of the crusts (cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algae, bryophyte protonemata) is highly variable across the studied samples, with no significant differences between initial and stable BSCs; nor were ecologically significant differences in soil nutrient contents observed. According to our results, we cannot confirm this hypothesis; the age difference between our two stages is probably not big enough to show such an increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Margrit Langhans
- Department Biology, Vegetation Ecology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Schnittspahnstrasse 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Soil nutrient heterogeneity and competitive ability of three grass species (Festuca ovina, Arrhenatherum elatius and Calamagrostis epigejos) in experimental conditions. Biologia (Bratisl) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-009-0067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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van den Berg LJL, Tomassen HBM, Roelofs JGM, Bobbink R. Effects of nitrogen enrichment on coastal dune grassland: a mesocosm study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2005; 138:77-85. [PMID: 15890440 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 02/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mesocosms filled with dune sand were planted with graminoid (Calamagrostis epigejos, Carex arenaria) and herbaceous species (Carlina vulgaris, Galium verum). Strong effects of nitrogen addition on the vegetation were found within two to three years. The above-ground biomass of C. epigejos and C. arenaria increased at deposition rates between 10 and 80 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1). Both grasses were limited by N. In latter stages P limitation was suggested for C. arenaria. At high N-levels, C. epigejos dominated the vegetation within two years. C. vulgaris and G. verum declined drastically as a result of increased competition for light by the highly competitive grass C. epigejos. It is concluded that increased (ambient) N inputs are of major importance for the increased dominance of tall grasses in stable dune grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon J L van den Berg
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
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