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Wu H, Li B, Shao J, Kong Q. Tumor-oriented and chemo-photothermal nanoplatform capable of sensitizing chemotherapy and ferroptosis against osteosarcoma metastasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132019. [PMID: 38729498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The clinical use of chemotherapy for refractory osteosarcoma (OS) is limited due to its multiorgan toxicity. To overcome this challenge, new dosage forms and combination treatments, such as phototherapy, are being explored to improve targeted delivery and cytocompatibility of chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, inducing ferroptosis in iron-rich tumors could be a promising strategy to enhance OS therapy. In this study, a novel formulation was developed using natural biological H-ferritin (HFn) encapsulating the photosensitizer IR-780 and the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine (Gem) for OS-specific targeted therapy (HFn@Gem/IR-780 NPs). HFn@Gem/IR-780 NPs were designed to specifically bind and internalize into OS cells by interacting with transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) which is overexpressed on the surface of OS cell membranes. The Gem and IR-780 were then released responsively under mildly acidic conditions in tumors. HFn@Gem/IR-780 NPs achieved cascaded antitumor therapeutic efficacy through the combination of chemotherapy and phototherapy under near-infrared irradiation in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, HFn@Gem/IR-780 NPs demonstrated excellent safety profile with significantly decreased drug exposure to normal organs, indicating its potential for reducing systemic toxicity. Thus, utilizing HFn as a vehicle to encapsulate highly effective antitumor drugs provides a promising approach for the treatment of OS metastasis and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Orthopedics, Karamay Central Hospital of Xinjiang, Karamay 834000, China.
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jichun Shao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China.
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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2
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Zheng J, Zhuo S, Huang L, Wang J, Huang G. Mg-ZIF nanozymes disrupt the level of ROS for osteosarcoma killing via POD activity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407989. [PMID: 38769996 PMCID: PMC11102994 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is notorious for its high malignancy, and conventional chemotherapy drugs, while killing tumor cells, often inflict significant harm on the patient's body. The tumor microenvironment of OS is characterized by high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Leveraging this feature, we have developed Mg-ZIF nanoparticles, which incorporate magnesium (Mg) to confer robust peroxidase (POD)-like enzymatic activity. These Mg-ZIF nanozymes can generate highly lethal superoxide anions within tumor cells in a responsive manner, thereby achieving effective tumor destruction. Both in vitro and in situ OS models have corroborated the anti-tumor efficacy of Mg-ZIF nanozymes, while also validating their biosafety. The design of Mg-ZIF nanozymes opens a new avenue for the treatment of OS, offering a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gaofeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Fujian, Luoshan Section, Quanzhou, China
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3
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Ammons DT, Hopkins LS, Cronise KE, Kurihara J, Regan DP, Dow S. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of treatment-naïve primary osteosarcoma in dogs. Commun Biol 2024; 7:496. [PMID: 38658617 PMCID: PMC11043452 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a heterogeneous, aggressive malignancy of the bone that disproportionally affects children and adolescents. Therapeutic interventions for OS are limited, which is in part due to the complex tumor microenvironment (TME). As such, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to describe the cellular and molecular composition of the TME in 6 treatment-naïve dogs with spontaneously occurring primary OS. Through analysis of 35,310 cells, we identified 41 transcriptomically distinct cell types including the characterization of follicular helper T cells, mature regulatory dendritic cells (mregDCs), and 8 tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) populations. Cell-cell interaction analysis predicted that mregDCs and TAMs play key roles in modulating T cell mediated immunity. Furthermore, we completed cross-species cell type gene signature homology analysis and found a high degree of similarity between human and canine OS. The data presented here act as a roadmap of canine OS which can be applied to advance translational immuno-oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Ammons
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Leone S Hopkins
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn E Cronise
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jade Kurihara
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Li B, Wang Q, Luo Y, Wang S, Pan S, Zhao W, Ye Z, Wu X. Peripheral Soluble Immune Checkpoint-Related Proteins Were Associated with Survival and Treatment Efficacy of Osteosarcoma Patients, a Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1628. [PMID: 38730580 PMCID: PMC11083464 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune checkpoint blockade remains obscure in osteosarcoma (OS). We aim to explore the clinical significance of soluble immune checkpoint (ICK)-related proteins in OS. METHODS We profiled 14 soluble ICK-related proteins (BTLA, GITR, HVEM, IDO, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TIM-3, CD28, CD80, CD137, CD27, and CTLA-4) in the plasma of 76 OS patients and matched controls. We evaluated the associations between the biomarkers and the risk of OS using unconditional multivariate logistic regression. The multivariate Cox model was utilized to develop the prediction model of OS. Immune subtypes were established from the identified biomarkers. Transcriptional data from GEO were analyzed to elucidate potential mechanisms. RESULTS We found that sTIM3, sCD137, sIDO, and sCTLA4 were significantly correlated with OS risk (all p < 0.05). sBTLA, sPDL2, and sCD27 were significantly associated with the risk of lung metastasis, whereas sBTLA and sTIM3 were associated with the risk of disease progression. We also established an immune subtype based on sBTLA, sPD1, sTIM3, and sPDL2. Patients in the sICK-type2 subtype had significantly decreased progression-free survival (PFS) and lung metastasis-free survival (LMFS) than those in the sICK-type1 subtype (log-rank p = 2.8 × 10-2, 1.7 × 10-2, respectively). Interestingly, we found that the trend of LMFS and PFS in the subtypes of corresponding ICK genes' expression was opposite to the results in the blood (log-rank p = 2.6 × 10-4, 9.5 × 10-4, respectively). CONCLUSION Four soluble ICK-related proteins were associated with the survival of OS patients. Soluble ICK-related proteins could be promising biomarkers for the outcomes and immunotherapy of OS patients, though more research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (B.L.); (Z.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qinchuan Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Center for Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Big Data, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yihong Luo
- Center for Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Big Data, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sicong Wang
- Center for Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Big Data, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sai Pan
- Center for Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Big Data, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- Center for Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Big Data, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (B.L.); (Z.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Center for Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Big Data, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
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5
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Chen Z, Wu FF, Li J, Dong JB, He HY, Li XF, Lu Q, Zhang WX, Shao CM, Yao ZN, Lin N, Ye ZM, Xu JT, Li HY. Investigating the synergy of Shikonin and Valproic acid in inducing apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via ROS-mediated EGR1 expression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155459. [PMID: 38417243 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent malignant bone tumour with a poor prognosis. Shikonin (SHK) is derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Lithospermum that has been extensively studied for its notable anti-tumour effects, including for osteosarcoma. However, its application has certain limitations. Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) that has recently been employed as an adjunctive therapeutic agent that allows chromatin to assume a more relaxed state, thereby enhancing anti-tumour efficacy. PURPOSE This study was aimed to investigate the synergistic anti-tumour efficacy of SHK in combination with VPA and elucidate its underlying mechanism. METHODS/STUDY DESIGN CCK-8 assays were utilized to calculate the combination index. Additional assays, including colony formation, acridine orange/ethidium bromide double fluorescent staining, and flow cytometry, were employed to evaluate the effects on osteosarcoma cells. Wound healing and transwell assays were utilized to assess cell mobility. RNA sequencing, PCR, and Western blot analyses were conducted to uncover the underlying mechanism. Rescue experiments were performed to validate the mechanism of apoptotic induction. The impact of SHK and VPA combination treatment on primary osteosarcoma cells was also assessed. Finally, in vivo experiments were conducted to validate its anti-tumour effects and mechanism. RESULTS The combination of SHK and VPA synergistically inhibited the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and induced apoptosis in these cells. Through a comprehensive analysis involving RNA sequencing, PCR, Western blot, and rescue experiments, we have substantiated our hypothesis that the combination of SHK and VPA induced apoptosis via the ROS-EGR1-Bax axis. Importantly, our in vivo experiments corroborated these findings, demonstrating the potential of the SHK and VPA combination as a promising therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION The combination of SHK and VPA exerted an anti-tumour effect by inducing apoptosis through the ROS-EGR1-Bax pathway. Repurposing the old drug VPA demonstrated its effectiveness as an adjunctive therapeutic agent for SHK, enhancing its anti-tumour efficacy and revealing its potential value. Furthermore, our study expanded the application of natural compounds in the anti-tumour field and overcame some of their limitations through combination therapy. Finally, we enhanced the understanding of the mechanistic pathways linking reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Additionally, we elucidated the role of EGR1 in osteosarcoma cells, offering novel strategies and concepts for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Feng-Feng Wu
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; The Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Huzhou Basic and Clinical Translation of Orthopaedics Key Laboratory, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jia-Bao Dong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi He
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiong-Feng Li
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; The Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Huzhou Basic and Clinical Translation of Orthopaedics Key Laboratory, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qian Lu
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; The Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Huzhou Basic and Clinical Translation of Orthopaedics Key Laboratory, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chang-Ming Shao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhao-Nong Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Nong Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhao-Ming Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jun-Tao Xu
- Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Heng-Yuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Mirzaali MJ, Zadpoor AA. Orthopedic meta-implants. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:010901. [PMID: 38250670 PMCID: PMC10799688 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Meta-biomaterials, engineered materials with distinctive combinations of mechanical, physical, and biological properties stemming from their micro-architecture, have emerged as a promising domain within biomedical engineering. Correspondingly, meta-implants, which serve as the device counterparts of meta-biomaterials, offer exceptional functionalities, holding great potential for addressing complex skeletal diseases. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the various types of meta-implants, including hybrid, shape-morphing, metallic clay, and deployable meta-implants, highlighting their unprecedented properties and recent achievement in the field. This paper also delves into the potential future developments of meta-implants, addressing the exploration of multi-functionalities in meta-biomaterials and their applications in diverse biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J. Mirzaali
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A. Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
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7
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Quirion JC, Johnson SR, Kowalski BL, Halpern JL, Schwartz HS, Holt GE, Prieto-Granada C, Singh R, Cates JMM, Rubin BP, Mesko NW, Nystrom LM, Lawrenz JM. Surgical Margins in Musculoskeletal Sarcoma. JBJS Rev 2024; 12:01874474-202403000-00003. [PMID: 38446910 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
» Negative margin resection of musculoskeletal sarcomas is associated with reduced risk of local recurrence.» There is limited evidence to support an absolute margin width of soft tissue or bone that correlates with reduced risk of local recurrence.» Factors intrinsic to the tumor, including histologic subtype, grade, growth pattern and neurovascular involvement impact margin status and local recurrence, and should be considered when evaluating a patient's individual risk after positive margins.» Appropriate use of adjuvant therapy, critical analysis of preoperative advanced cross-sectional imaging, and the involvement of a multidisciplinary team are essential to obtain negative margins when resecting sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Quirion
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Samuel R Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brooke L Kowalski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jennifer L Halpern
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Herbert S Schwartz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ginger E Holt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Carlos Prieto-Granada
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Reena Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Brian P Rubin
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nathan W Mesko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lukas M Nystrom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joshua M Lawrenz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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8
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Yeung CM, Bilsky M, Boland PJ, Vaynrub M. The Role of En Bloc Resection in the Modern Era for Primary Spine Tumors. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2024; 49:46-57. [PMID: 37732462 PMCID: PMC10750970 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A literature review. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to provide an overview of benign and malignant primary spine tumors and a balanced analysis of the benefits and limitations of (and alternatives to) surgical treatment with en bloc resection. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Primary spine tumors are rare but have the potential to cause severe morbidity, either from the disease itself or as a result of treatment. The prognosis, goals, and treatment options vary significantly with the specific disease entity. Appropriate initial management is critical; inappropriate surgery before definitive treatment can lead to recurrence and may render the patient incurable, as salvage options are often inferior. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search of the PubMed database for articles relevant to primary spine neoplasms and en bloc spine surgery. Institutional review board approval was not needed. RESULTS Although Enneking-appropriate en bloc surgery can be highly morbid, it often provides the greatest chance for local control and/or patient survival. However, there is growing data to support modern radiotherapy as a feasible and less morbid approach to certain primary neoplasms that historically were considered radioresistant. CONCLUSIONS Choosing the optimal approach to primary spine tumors is complex. A comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the evidence is required to guide patient care and to balance the often-competing goals of prolonging life and preserving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb M. Yeung
- Department of Surgery, Orthopaedic Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark Bilsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick J. Boland
- Department of Surgery, Orthopaedic Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Max Vaynrub
- Department of Surgery, Orthopaedic Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Chen CC, Benavente CA. Exploring the Impact of Exosomal Cargos on Osteosarcoma Progression: Insights into Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:568. [PMID: 38203737 PMCID: PMC10779183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor with high metastasis. Poor prognosis highlights a clinical need for novel therapeutic strategies. Exosomes, also known as extracellular vesicles, have been identified as essential players in the modulation of cancer. Recent studies have suggested that OS-derived exosomes can drive pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic phenotypes by transferring specific cargos, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, to neighboring cells, significantly impacting the regulation of cellular processes. This review discusses the advancement of exosomes and their cargos in OS. We examine how these exosomes contribute to the modulation of cellular phenotypes associated with tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, we explore the potential of exosomes as valuable biomarkers for diagnostics and prognostic purposes and their role in shaping innovative therapeutic strategies in OS treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C. Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Claudia A. Benavente
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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10
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Ding M, Ran X, Qian S, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Dong M, Yang Z, Wu S, Feng X, Zhang J, Zhu L, Niu S, Zhang X. Clinical and therapeutical significances of the cluster and signature based on oxidative stress for osteosarcoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:15360-15381. [PMID: 38180104 PMCID: PMC10781490 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is of great clinical significance to find out the ideal tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma (OS). Oxidative stress (OXS) can directly target intracellular macromolecules and exhibit dual effects of tumor promotion and suppression. METHODS OXS-related genes (OXRGs) were extracted from public databases, including TARGET and GEO. Univariate Cox regression analysis, Random Survival Forest algorithm, and LASSO regression were performed to identify prognostic genes and establish the OXS-signature. The efficacy of the OXS-signature was further evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves and timeROC package. Evaluation of immunological characteristics was achieved based on ESTIMATE algorithm and ssGSEA. Submap algorithm was used to explore the response to anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 therapy for OS. Drug response prediction was conducted by using pRRophetic package. The expression values of related genes in the OXS-signature were detected with PCR assays. RESULTS Two OXS-clusters were identified for OS, with remarkable differences of clusters presented in prognosis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the OXS-clusters were significantly enriched in several immune-related pathways. Patients with lower OS-scores attained better clinical outcomes, and presented more sensitivity to ICB therapy. By contrast, OS patients with higher OS-scores revealed more sensitivity to certain drugs. Furthermore, critical genes, RHBDL2 and CGREF1 from the model, were significantly higher expressed in OS cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the clusters and signature based on OXS, which would lay the foundation for molecular experimental research, disease prevention and treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Ding
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianting Ran
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Siyu Qian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zeyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng Dong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shaoxuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jieming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Songtao Niu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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11
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Nath J, Das A, Khanikar D, Ahmed S, Kakati K. Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma of the Maxilla with Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Rare Case Report and Updated Review of Literature. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:4041-4046. [PMID: 37974676 PMCID: PMC10645781 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial osteosarcoma is a relatively rare disease entity. In the craniofacial region, mandible is the commonest site followed by maxilla and skull bone. Due to its rare occurrence standard treatment guidelines are not formulated as in long bone or extremity sarcoma. Here we have reported a locally advanced case of a maxillary osteosarcoma of chondroblastic variant who was initially considered for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However there was radiological evience of disease progression. Then the patient was considered for surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. A literature review of the published cases of maxillary chondroblastic osteosarcoma has also been done here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotiman Nath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India
| | - Anupam Das
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam 781016 India
| | - Duncan Khanikar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India
| | - Shiraj Ahmed
- Department of Oncopathology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India
| | - Kaberi Kakati
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam 781016 India
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12
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Welch DL, Fridley BL, Cen L, Teer JK, Yoder SJ, Pettersson F, Xu L, Cheng CH, Zhang Y, Alexandrow MG, Xiang S, Robertson-Tessi M, Brown JS, Metts J, Brohl AS, Reed DR. Modeling phenotypic heterogeneity towards evolutionarily inspired osteosarcoma therapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20125. [PMID: 37978271 PMCID: PMC10656496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone sarcoma in children and young adults. While universally delivered, chemotherapy only benefits roughly half of patients with localized disease. Increasingly, intratumoral heterogeneity is recognized as a source of therapeutic resistance. In this study, we develop and evaluate an in vitro model of osteosarcoma heterogeneity based on phenotype and genotype. Cancer cell populations vary in their environment-specific growth rates and in their sensitivity to chemotherapy. We present the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of an osteosarcoma cell line panel with a focus on co-cultures of the most phenotypically divergent cell lines, 143B and SAOS2. Modest environmental (pH, glutamine) or chemical perturbations dramatically shift the success and composition of cell lines. We demonstrate that in nutrient rich culture conditions 143B outcompetes SAOS2. But, under nutrient deprivation or conventional chemotherapy, SAOS2 growth can be favored in spheroids. Importantly, when the simplest heterogeneity state is evaluated, a two-cell line coculture, perturbations that affect the faster growing cell line have only a modest effect on final spheroid size. Thus the only evaluated therapies to eliminate the spheroids were by switching therapies from a first strike to a second strike. This extensively characterized, widely available system, can be modeled and scaled to allow for improved strategies to anticipate resistance in osteosarcoma due to heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy L Welch
- Adolescent and Young Adult Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ling Cen
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jamie K Teer
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sean J Yoder
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fredrik Pettersson
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Liping Xu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Cheng
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark G Alexandrow
- Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shengyan Xiang
- Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark Robertson-Tessi
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joel S Brown
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Metts
- Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrew S Brohl
- Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Damon R Reed
- Adolescent and Young Adult Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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13
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Halalsheh H, Amer S, Sultan I. Progression before local control in osteosarcoma: Outcome and prognosis-predictive factors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30649. [PMID: 37638816 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis and impact of early disease progression in patients with osteosarcoma prior to local control (LC), and the potential therapeutic benefits of ifosfamide/etoposide (IE) remain underexplored in the medical literature. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients (≤18 years) with osteosarcoma who presented to King Hussein Cancer Center between June 2006 and March 2022. We studied patients with disease progression before LC. RESULTS Among 195 patients, 31 (17males) exhibited disease progression before LC. The median age at diagnosis was 14.1 years, and patients were followed for a median of 23.1 months (range: 5.8-94.7). The majority of tumors were located in the extremities (n = 28). Ten patients (48%) had lung-only metastasis. Twenty-five patients showed progression at the local site only, and six showed progression both at local/metastatic sites. For the 25 patients with local-site-only progression, the decision for 24 was immediate LC via LSS (n = 9), amputation (n = 10), hemimandibulectomy (n = 1), and radiation therapy (n = 1). Three families refused amputation. Among the six patients with combined local/metastatic site progression, the decision was for two to intensify chemotherapy by adding IE, while the other four were recommended immediate LC. However, two of them refused surgery. In total, five patients received IE as intensification for progression, all of whom subsequently progressed. The 5-year event-free survival and overall survival were 27.2% and 31.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that early disease progression before LC in patients with osteosarcoma is associated with poor prognosis. However, patients initially diagnosed with localized disease and who later exhibited local-disease-only progression appeared to have better outcomes. The potential role of IE in the treatment of patients exhibiting early progression merits further investigation in a larger study cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Halalsheh
- Department of Pediatric, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pediatric, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Amer
- Department of Pediatric, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Iyad Sultan
- Department of Pediatric, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pediatric, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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14
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Xu Y, Chen P, Liu D, Xu Q, Meng H, Wang X. Exploration of s new biomarker in osteosarcoma and association with clinical outcomes: TOP2A+ cancer associated fibroblasts. J Gene Med 2023; 25:e3528. [PMID: 37246449 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the leading malignant primary bone tumor in young adults and children and has a high mortality rate. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major components of the tumor microenvironment, influencing cancer progression and metastasis. However, there is no systematic study on the role of CAF in OS. METHODS We collected six OS patients' single-cell RNA sequencing data from the TISCH database, which was processed using the Seurat package. We selected gene sets from the well-known MSigDB database and resorted to the clusterprofiler package for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was used for identification of the variables. Receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analyses were utilized for determining the efficacy of the monogram model. RESULTS TOP2A+ CAFs was recognized as the carcinogenic CAFs subset, given its intense interaction with OS malignant cells and association with the critical cancer driver pathway. We intersected the differentially expressed genes of TOP2A+ CAFs with the prognostic genes selected from 88 OS samples. The acquired gene set was selected using the LASSO regression model and integrated with clinical factors to obtain a monogram model of high prognosis predicting power (area under the curve of 5 year survival at 0.883). Functional enrichment analysis revealed the detailed difference between two risk groups. CONCLUSION We identified TOP2A+ CAFs as a subset of oncogenic CAFs in OS. Based on differentially expressed genes derived from TOP2A+ CAFs, combined with bulk transcriptome prognostic genes, we constructed a risk model that can efficiently predict OS prognosis. Collectively, our study may provide new insights for future studies to elucidate the role of CAF in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanze Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pingping Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongsong Liu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qin Xu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hao Meng
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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15
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Mosleh E, Snyder S, Wu N, Willis DN, Hayashi RJ, Malone R. Factors influencing delayed clearance of high dose methotrexate (HDMTX) in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult oncology patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1280587. [PMID: 37965460 PMCID: PMC10642233 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1280587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify modifiable risk factors associated with prolonged clearance of methotrexate in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (AYA) oncology patients receiving high dose methotrexate (HDMTX). Design/Method A single institution, retrospective chart review of patients receiving HDMTX between 2010-2017. Patients had a diagnosis of either leukemia or osteosarcoma. Data included demographics, concurrent intravenous (IV) medications, IV fluids (IVF) administered, urine output (UO), and rises in serum creatinine (RSC) reflective of renal toxicity (RT). Outcome measures included 1) delayed targeted MTX clearance (DC), 2) actual time to clearance (TTC) and 3) length of stay (LOS). Results Data from 447 HDMTX administrations were analyzed. The sample consisted of 241 (54%) osteosarcoma encounters, and 206 (46%) leukemia encounters, with an average patient age of 12.7 years. Multivariate analysis showed that DC was associated with the diagnosis of leukemia (OR 7.64, p <.0001), and less UO on day 1 (OR 0.76, p=0.005). Increased TTC was associated with increasing age (RR 1.02, p<0.0001), higher 24-hour MTX levels (RR 1.001, p=0.012) and 48-hour MTX levels (RR 1.02, p<0.0001), RT (RR 1.004, p<0.0001), use of IV lorazepam (RR 1.08, p=0.001) and IV metoclopramide (RR 1.08, p<0.001) both on day 3. Like TTC, LOS was affected by MTX levels at 24 (RR 1.001, p=0.025) and 48 hours (RR 1.03, p<0.0001), RT (RR 1.006, p<0.0001), total IV medications on day 3 (RR 1.042, p<0.0001), and the use of leucovorin on day 2 (RR 0.93, p=0.002). Conclusion Multiple modifiable risk factors were identified which can be leveraged to improve HDMTX clearance. Subsequent efforts will assess whether acting on such risk factors can improve MTX clearance and shorten LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Mosleh
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Stacy Snyder
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ningying Wu
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Division of Public Health Sciences and Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Daniel N. Willis
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Robert J. Hayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rema Malone
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO, United States
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16
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Zhao Z, Wang J, Guo Y, Niu J, Guo W, Yang R, Yan T, Tang X. The outcomes of proximal femur replacement with hemiarthroplasty after tumor resection in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Front Surg 2023; 10:1279813. [PMID: 37901304 PMCID: PMC10611458 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1279813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with neurological disorders often experience a high incidence of postoperative complications following proximal femur replacement (PFR) surgery. The orthopaedist faces a significant difficulty in treating Parkinson's disease (PD) because of the weakened bone condition, excessive muscle tension, and increased risk of fractures. The objective of this research is to assess the impact of PD on PFR following tumor removal. Methods A retrospective study was conducted from 2010 to 2020, focusing on a solitary institution, analyzing 9 patients diagnosed with PD who underwent PFR with hemiarthroplasty as a result of tumor removal. The study consists of 2 men and 7 women, with an average age of 71 (SD, 12) years. We assessed the outcomes after surgery in terms of pain management, quality of life, functional ability, occurrence of complications, and survival durations. Results All nine patients underwent planned surgeries. Intraoperative complications was not observed. The average length of the follow-up period was 24 (SD, 20) months, ranging from 8 to 72 months. Despite the fact that 8 patients passed away due to tumor progression, the endoprostheses were still well at that point. The preoperative VAS score of 7 (SD, 1.87) decreased to a postoperative score of 2 (SD, 1.32). The KPS was improved to73 (SD, 7) from 52 (SD, 14), postoperatively. Post-surgery, there were notable enhancements in both pain levels and the overall quality of life scores. Following the surgical procedure, individuals are able to ambulate steadily, resuming their regular daily routines. Living patients had an average MSTS score of 21 (SD, 2.5), ranging from 17 to 25. In total, there were four (44.4%) patients suffered complications after surgery, comprising of one wound dehiscence, one prosthetic fracture, one hip dislocation, and one local recurrence. Conclusions Significant improvements in function and pain relief can be achieved through PFR with hemiarthroplasty following tumor removal in patients with PD. The implementation of thorough preparation and carefull nursing results in reduced complications and improved outcomes in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaodong Tang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
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17
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Hirose T, Ikegami M, Kojima S, Yoshida A, Endo M, Shimada E, Kanahori M, Oyama R, Matsumoto Y, Nakashima Y, Kawai A, Mano H, Kohsaka S. Extensive analysis of 59 sarcoma-related fusion genes identified pazopanib as a potential inhibitor to COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4089-4100. [PMID: 37592448 PMCID: PMC10551592 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors that are extremely rare and divergent. Fusion genes are involved in approximately 30% of sarcomas as driver oncogenes; however, their detailed functions are not fully understood. In this study, we determined the functional significance of 59 sarcoma-related fusion genes. The transforming potential and drug sensitivities of these fusion genes were evaluated using a focus formation assay (FFA) and the mixed-all-nominated-in-one (MANO) method, respectively. The transcriptome was also examined using RNA sequencing of 3T3 cells transduced with each fusion gene. Approximately half (28/59, 47%) of the fusion genes exhibited transformation in the FFA assay, which was classified into five types based on the resulting phenotype. The sensitivity to 12 drugs including multityrosine kinase inhibitors was assessed using the MANO method and pazopanib was found to be more effective against cells expressing the COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene compared with the others. The downstream MAPK/AKT pathway was suppressed at the protein level following pazopanib treatment. The fusion genes were classified into four subgroups by cluster analysis of the gene expression data and gene set enrichment analysis. In summary, the oncogenicity and drug sensitivity of 59 fusion genes were simultaneously evaluated using a high-throughput strategy. Pazopanib was selected as a candidate drug for sarcomas harboring the COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene. This assessment could be useful as a screening platform and provides a database to evaluate customized therapy for fusion gene-associated sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hirose
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Masachika Ikegami
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Shinya Kojima
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Makoto Endo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Eijiro Shimada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Masaya Kanahori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Ryunosuke Oyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Department of Musculoskeletal OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Mano
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Shinji Kohsaka
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
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18
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Tzelnick S, Soroka HP, Tasnim N, Gilbert RW, Irish JC, Goldstein DP, Brown D, Gullane P, Chepeha DB, Yao CMKL, Sahovaler A, Witterick IJ, Monteiro E, Davies J, Huang SH, O'Sullivan B, Hahn E, Hosni A, Razak AA, Gupta AA, de Almeida JR. The impact of surgical resection margins on outcomes for adults with head and neck osteosarcomas: A Canadian sarcoma research and Clinical Collaboration (CanSaRCC) study. Oral Oncol 2023; 145:106495. [PMID: 37478572 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to describe the factors that influence outcome in adults with head and neck osteosarcoma (HNO) with a specific focus on the margin status. METHODS Patients with a diagnosis of HNO between the years 1996-2021 were reviewed from the Canadian Sarcoma Research and Clinical Collaboration (CanSaRCC) Database. Baseline characteristics, pathology, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed. Univariable (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) Cox regression models were performed. 5-year locoregional control rate and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test. RESULTS Of 50 patients with a median age of 40 years (range 16-80), 27 (54%) were male. HNO commonly involved the mandible (n = 21, 42%) followed by maxilla (n = 15, 30%). Thirteen (33.3%) had low-intermediate grade and 26 (66.6%) had high grade tumors. Three patients (6%) had negative resection margins (>5 mm), 24 (48%) had close margins (1-5 mm), 15 (30%) had positive margins (<1mm) and 7 (16%) had unknown margin status. In total, 39 (78%) received chemotherapy - 22 (44%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy while 17 (34%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. A total of 12 (24%) patients received radiotherapy, of whom 8 (16%) had adjuvant and 3 (6%) had neo-adjuvant. Median follow-up time was 6.3 years (range 0.26-24.9). Disease recurred in 21 patients (42%), of whom 15 (30%) had local recurrence only, 4 (8%) had distant metastasis, and 2 (4%) had both local and distant recurrence. 5-year locoregional control rate and OS was 62% and 79.2% respectively. Resection margins <3 mm was associated with lower 5 years OS and locoregional control rate (Log-Rank p = 0.02, p = 0.01 respectively). CONCLUSION Osteosarcomas of the head and neck are rare and local recurrence remains a concern. Surgical resection with negative resection margins may improve survival, and a 3 mm resection margin threshold may optimize survival. Radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy should be considered in a multidisciplinary setting based on risk-features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Tzelnick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hagit Peretz Soroka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; CanSaRCC, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Najifah Tasnim
- CanSaRCC, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ralph W Gilbert
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan C Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David P Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dale Brown
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Gullane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas B Chepeha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher M K L Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Axel Sahovaler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian J Witterick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Monteiro
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joel Davies
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ezra Hahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Hosni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Albiruni Abdul Razak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abha A Gupta
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; CanSaRCC, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - John R de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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19
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Huang B, Yin Z, Zhou F, Su J. Functional anti-bone tumor biomaterial scaffold: construction and application. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8565-8585. [PMID: 37415547 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00925d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone tumors, including primary bone tumors and bone metastases, have been plagued by poor prognosis for decades. Although most tumor tissue is removed, clinicians are still confronted with the dilemma of eliminating residual cancer cells and regenerating defective bone tissue after surgery. Therefore, functional biomaterial scaffolds are considered to be the ideal candidates to bridge defective tissues and restrain cancer recurrence. Through functionalized structural modifications or coupled therapeutic agents, they provide sufficient mechanical strength and osteoinductive effects while eliminating cancer cells. Numerous novel approaches such as photodynamic, photothermal, drug-conjugated, and immune adjuvant-assisted therapies have exhibited remarkable efficacy against tumors while exhibiting low immunogenicity. This review summarizes the progress of research on biomaterial scaffolds based on different functionalization strategies in bone tumors. We also discuss the feasibility and advantages of the combined application of multiple functionalization strategies. Finally, potential obstacles to the clinical translation of anti-tumor bone bioscaffolds are highlighted. This review will provide valuable references for future advanced biomaterial scaffold design and clinical bone tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaotong Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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20
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Gao M, Liu W, Li T, Song Z, Wang X, Zhang X. Identifying Genetic Signatures Associated with Oncogene-Induced Replication Stress in Osteosarcoma and Screening for Potential Targeted Drugs. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10497-4. [PMID: 37672187 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor. Due to the lack of selectivity and sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs to tumor cells, coupled with the use of large doses, chemotherapy drugs often have systemic toxicity. The use of modern sequencing technology to screen tumor markers in a large number of tumor samples is a common method for screening highly specific and selective anti-tumor drugs. This study aims to identify potential biomarkers using the latest reported gene expression signatures of oncogene-induced replication stress (ORS) in aggressive cancers, and potential anti-osteosarcoma drugs were screened in different drug databases. In this study, we obtained 89 osteosarcoma-related samples in the TARGET database, all of which included survival information. According to the median expression of each of six reported ORS gene markers (NAT10/DDX27/ZNF48/C8ORF33/MOCS3/MPP6), we divided 89 osteosarcoma gene expression datasets into a high expression group and a low expression group and then performed a differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis. The coexisting genes of 6 groups of DEGs were used as replication stress-related genes (RSGs) of osteosarcoma. Then, key RSGs were screened using LASSO regression, a Cox risk proportional regression prognostic model and a tenfold cross-validation test. GSE21257 datasets collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to verify the prognostic model. The final key RSGs selected were used in the L1000PWD and DGIdb databases to mine potential drugs. After further validation by the prognostic model, we identified seven genes associated with ORS in osteosarcoma as key RSGs, including transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2), solute carrier family 27 member 4 (SLC27A4), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), nucleolar protein 6 (NOL6), coiled-coil-coil-coil-coil-helix domain containing 4 (CHCHD4), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B (EIF3B), and synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 1 (SCO1). Then, we screened the seven key RSGs in two drug databases and found six potential anti-osteosarcoma drugs (D GIdb database: repaglinide, tacrolimus, sirolimus, cyclosporine, and hydrochlorothiazide; L1000PWD database: the small molecule VU-0365117-1). Seven RSGs (TCF7L2, SLC27A4, PCSK5, NOL6, CHCHD4, EIF3B, and SCO1) may be associated with the ORS gene signatures in osteosarcoma. Repaglinide, tacrolimus, sirolimus, cyclosporine, hydrochlorothiazide and the small molecule VU-0365117-1 are potential therapeutic drugs for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Weibo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - ZeLong Song
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - XiangYu Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - XueSong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
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21
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Hassan SA, Shabaan AAA, Ahmed AR, Issa YA, Fadel SH, El-Sabaa BM. Clinicopathological significance of SOX9 and β-catenin expression in pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy cases of osteosarcoma: molecular and immunohistochemical study. J Histotechnol 2023; 46:127-138. [PMID: 37013797 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2023.2193526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma (OS), the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor of all age groups, is still obscure. Since multidrug chemotherapeutic regimens were introduced in the 1970s, survival rates have been stationary. The Wnt-β-catenin signaling cascade and SOX9 have a significant contribution to skeletal growth, development, and tumorigenesis. In the present work, an attempt was made to examine the role and clinicopathological significance of β-catenin and SOX9 in 46 cases of pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy OS tissues compared to 10 cases of non-neoplastic bone. The mRNA levels of both markers were assessed by qRT-PCR, and protein levels of β-catenin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The results were correlated with different clinicopathological parameters. SOX9 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in OS compared to non-neoplastic bone, and higher levels were significantly associated with the occurrence of fluid-fluid levels (indicating blood-containing cystic spaces) and osteolytic radiological pattern. Although β-catenin mRNA and protein levels were higher in OS compared to non-neoplastic bone, only the protein levels reached statistical significance. Higher β-catenin mRNA levels were significantly associated with tumor size, while higher protein levels were significantly associated with the histologic subtype, mitotic count, and radiological pattern. No significant association was noted with any of the other evaluated parameters. OS showing higher SOX9 mRNA expression and lower β-catenin mRNA and protein expression exhibited longer estimated overall survival times approaching statistical significance. To conclude, while high expression of β-catenin and SOX9 suggests their possible involvement in OS development, their prognostic role may need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Adel Refaat Ahmed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Amr Issa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shady Hassan Fadel
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
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22
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Yu T, Cai Z, Chang X, Xing C, White S, Guo X, Jin J. Research Progress of Nanomaterials in Chemotherapy of Osteosarcoma. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:2244-2259. [PMID: 37403654 PMCID: PMC10475694 DOI: 10.1111/os.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone tumor that occurs mostly in children and adolescents. At present, surgery after chemotherapy or postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is the main treatment plan. However, the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs is limited by the occurrence of chemotherapeutic resistance, toxicity to normal cells, poor pharmacokinetic performance, and drug delivery failure. The delivery of chemotherapy drugs to the bone to treat OS may fail for a variety of reasons, such as a lack of selectivity for OS cells, initial sudden release, short-term release, and the presence of biological barriers (such as the blood-bone marrow barrier). Nanomaterials are new materials with at least one dimension on the nanometer scale (1-100 nm) in three-dimensional space. These materials have the ability to penetrate biological barriers and can accumulate preferentially in tumor cells. Studies have shown that the effective combination of nanomaterials and traditional chemotherapy can significantly improve the therapeutic effect. Therefore, this article reviews the latest research progress on the use of nanomaterials in OS chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Zongyan Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xingyu Chang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Chengwei Xing
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Sylvia White
- Pathology DepartmentYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Xiaoxue Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Jiaxin Jin
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu ProvinceLanzhouChina
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
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23
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Kobayashi K, Hanai N, Yoshimoto S, Saito Y, Homma A. Current topics and management of head and neck sarcomas. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:743-756. [PMID: 37309253 PMCID: PMC10533342 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the low incidence, variety of histological types, and heterogeneous biological features of head and neck sarcomas, there is limited high-quality evidence available to head and neck oncologists. For resectable sarcomas, surgical resection followed by radiotherapy is the principle of local treatment, and perioperative chemotherapy is considered for chemotherapy-sensitive sarcomas. They often originate in anatomical border areas such as the skull base and mediastinum, and they require a multidisciplinary treatment approach considering functional and cosmetic impairment. Moreover, head and neck sarcomas may exhibit different behaviour and characteristics than sarcomas of other areas. In recent years, the molecular biological features of sarcomas have been used for the pathological diagnosis and development of novel agents. This review describes the historical background and recent topics that head and neck oncologists should know about this rare tumour from the following five perspectives: (i) epidemiology and general characteristics of head and neck sarcomas; (ii) changes in histopathological diagnosis in the genomic era; (iii) current standard treatment by histological type and clinical questions specific to head and neck; (iv) new drugs for advanced and metastatic soft tissue sarcomas; and (v) proton and carbon ion radiotherapy for head and neck sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kobayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Nobuhiro Hanai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya
| | - Seiichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Akihiro Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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24
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Lin Z, Wu Z, Yuan Y, Zhong W, Luo W. m7G-related genes predict prognosis and affect the immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity in osteosarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1158775. [PMID: 37654606 PMCID: PMC10466804 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1158775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS), a primary malignant bone tumor, confronts therapeutic challenges rooted in multidrug resistance. Comprehensive understanding of disease occurrence and progression is imperative for advancing treatment strategies. m7G modification, an emerging post-transcriptional modification implicated in various diseases, may provide new insights to explore OS pathogenesis and progression. Methods: The m7G-related molecular landscape in OS was probed using diverse bioinformatics analyses, encompassing LASSO Cox regression, immune infiltration assessment, and drug sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of AZD2014 for OS was investigated through cell apoptosis and cycle assays. Eventually, multivariate Cox analysis and experimental validations, were conducted to investigate the independent prognostic m7G-related genes. Results: A comprehensive m7G-related risk model incorporating eight signatures was established, with corresponding risk scores correlated with immune infiltration and drug sensitivity. Drug sensitivity analysis spotlighted AZD2014 as a potential therapeutic candidate for OS. Subsequent experiments corroborated AZD2014's capability to induce G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in OS cells. Ultimately, multivariate Cox regression analysis unveiled the independent prognostic importance of CYFIP1 and EIF4A1, differential expressions of which were validated at histological and cytological levels. Conclusion: This study furnishes a profound understanding of the contribution of m7G-related genes to the pathogenesis of OS. The discerned therapeutic potential of AZD2014, in conjunction with the identification of CYFIP1 and EIF4A1 as independent risk factors, opens novel vistas for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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25
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Ammons D, Hopkins L, Cronise K, Kurihara J, Regan D, Dow S. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of treatment-naïve primary osteosarcoma in dogs. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3232360. [PMID: 37609233 PMCID: PMC10441479 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3232360/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a heterogeneous, aggressive malignancy of the bone that disproportionally affects children and adolescents. Therapeutic interventions for OS are limited, which is in part due to the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that has proven to be refractory to immunotherapies. Thus, there is a need to better define the complexity of the OS TME. To address this need, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to describe the cellular and molecular composition of the TME in 6 treatment-naïve dogs with spontaneously occurring primary OS. Through analysis of 35,310 cells, we identified 30 distinct immune cell types, 9 unique tumor populations, 1 cluster of fibroblasts, and 1 cluster of endothelial cells. Independent reclustering of major cell types revealed the presence of follicular helper T cells, mature regulatory dendritic cells (mregDCs), and 8 transcriptomically distinct macrophage/monocyte populations. Cell-cell interaction inference analysis predicted that mregDCs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play key roles in modulating T cell mediate immunity. Furthermore, we used publicly available human OS scRNA-seq data to complete a cross-species cell type gene signature homology analysis. The analysis revealed a high degree of cell type gene signature homology between species, suggesting the cellular composition of OS is largely conserved between humans and dogs. Our findings provide key new insights into the biology of canine OS and highlight the conserved features of OS across species. Generally, the data presented here acts as a cellular and molecular roadmap of canine OS which can be applied to advance the translational immuno-oncology research field.
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26
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Bian Y, Cai X, Lv Z, Xu Y, Wang H, Tan C, Liang R, Weng X. Layered Double Hydroxides: A Novel Promising 2D Nanomaterial for Bone Diseases Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301806. [PMID: 37329200 PMCID: PMC10460877 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bone diseases including bone defects, bone infections, osteoarthritis, and bone tumors seriously affect life quality of the patient and bring serious economic burdens to social health management, for which the current clinical treatments bear dissatisfactory therapeutic effects. Biomaterial-based strategies have been widely applied in the treatment of orthopedic diseases but are still plagued by deficient bioreactivity. With the development of nanotechnology, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with adjustable metal ion composition and alterable interlayer structure possessing charming physicochemical characteristics, versatile bioactive properties, and excellent drug loading and delivery capabilities arise widespread attention and have achieved considerable achievements for bone disease treatment in the last decade. However, to the authors' best knowledge, no review has comprehensively summarized the advances of LDHs in treating bone disease so far. Herein, the advantages of LDHs for orthopedic disorders treatment are outlined and the corresponding state-of-the-art achievements are summarized for the first time. The potential of LDHs-based nanocomposites for extended therapeutics for bone diseases is highlighted and perspectives for LDHs-based scaffold design are proposed for facilitated clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Bian
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730P. R. China
| | - Xuejie Cai
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730P. R. China
| | - Zehui Lv
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730P. R. China
| | - Yiming Xu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730P. R. China
| | - Chaoliang Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super‐Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF)City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
- Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong KongShenzhen518057P. R. China
| | - Ruizheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730P. R. China
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27
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Wang R, Wang D, Bai X, Guo J, Xia S, Cheng Y, Gu Y, Wang Q, Nie J, Chen D, Liu W, Liang J. Kinome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens revealed PLK1 as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:231. [PMID: 37419907 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01526-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor, tending to be aggressive and recurrent. The therapeutic development for treating osteosarcoma has been largely hampered by the lack of effective and specific targets. Using kinome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens, we systematically revealed a cohort of kinases essential for the survival and growth of human osteosarcoma cells, in which Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) appeared as a specific prominent hit. PLK1 knockout substantially inhibited proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and the tumor growth of osteosarcoma xenograft in vivo. Volasertib, a potent experimental PLK1 inhibitor, can effectively inhibit the growth of the osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro. It can also disrupt the development of tumors in the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in vivo. Furthermore, we confirmed that the mode of action (MoA) of volasertib is primarily mediated by the cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis triggered by DNA damage. As PLK1 inhibitors are entering phase III clinical trials, our findings provide important insights into the efficacy and MoA of the relevant therapeutic approach for combating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dingding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueshan Bai
- Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Guo
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songxia Xia
- Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuning Cheng
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yani Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Junbo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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28
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Soares do Brito J, Santos R, Sarmento M, Fernandes P, Portela J. Chemotherapy Regimens for Non-Metastatic Conventional Appendicular Osteosarcoma: A Literature Review Based on the Outcomes. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6148-6165. [PMID: 37504317 PMCID: PMC10378418 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare condition with a complex treatment. Most protocols include neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and consolidation chemotherapy as the standard of treatment. However, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy lacks scientific evidence proving superiority in opposition to the use of isolated chemotherapy in an adjuvant regimen after surgery. We conducted a review for studies published in English between 1980 and 2020, using the MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus electronic databases, to evaluate the outcomes when using neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy strategies in the treatment of non-metastatic appendicular osteosarcoma, as well as the toxicity associated with different chemotherapeutic regimens. Patients were divided into a neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (NAC) and adjuvant chemotherapy group (ACT), depending on the chemotherapy regimen used in association with surgery. A total of 1254 articles in English were screened by title and abstract, and 146 were pre-selected for full reading and analysis. A total of 24 assays matching the inclusion criteria were selected: 10 prospective and 14 retrospective studies. This review points to an absence of significative differences in outcomes, namely overall survival, disease-free survival/event-free survival rates, or toxicity, regarding neoadjuvant or single adjuvant chemotherapy strategies used in the treatment of appendicular non-metastatic osteosarcomas. However, there is a significative difference in population dimensions between the NAC and the ACT groups. Additionally, clinical presentation, tumor localization, tumor volume, or histological type were not considered, with these variables presenting the potential to influence these results. Despite these limitations, our findings should allow a re-thinking of our current practice and promote new opportunities to optimize treatment, always looking towards better survival and lower complications rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Fernandes
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Portela
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal
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29
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Tian L, Li C, Xiang L, Zeng J, Chen S, Guo W, Chen S, Wang Y, He X, Su P, Xu C. T52 attenuates oncogenic STAT3 signaling and suppresses osteosarcoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154799. [PMID: 37058945 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T52 is a steroidal saponin extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Rohdea fargesii (Baill.), and it is reported to possess strong anti-proliferative capabilities in human pharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. However, whether T52 has anti-osteosarcoma properties, and its potential mechanism is remains unknown. PURPOSE To examine the outcome and underlying mechanism of T52 in osteosarcomas (OS). METHODS/STUDY DESIGNS The physiological roles of T52 in OS cells were examined using CCK-8, colony formation (CF), EdU staining, cell cycle/apoptosis and cell migration/invasion assays. The relevant T52 targets against OS were assessed via bioinformatics prediction, and the binding sites were analyzed by molecular docking. Western blot analysis was carried out to examine the levels of factors associated with apoptosis, cell cycle, and STAT3 signaling pathway activation. RESULTS T52 markedly diminished the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells, and promoted G2/M arrest and apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion (DDF) in vitro. Mechanistically, molecular docking predicted that T52 stably associated with STAT3 Src homology 2 (SH2) domain residues. Western blot revealed that T52 suppressed the STAT3 signaling pathway, as well as the expression of the downstream targets, such as, Bcl-2, Cyclin D1, and c-Myc. In addition, the anti-OS property of T52 were partially reversed by STAT3 reactivation, which confirmed that STAT3 signaling is critical for regulating the anti-OS property of T52. CONCLUSION We firstly demonstrated that T52 possessed strong anti-osteosarcoma property in vitro, which was brought on by the inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Our findings provided pharmacological support for treating OS with T52.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liru Tian
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Limin Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; The Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Caixia Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zhu Y, Wu X, Zhang W, Zhang H. Limb-salvage surgery versus extremity amputation for early-stage bone cancer in the extremities: a population-based study. Front Surg 2023; 10:1147372. [PMID: 37325420 PMCID: PMC10264616 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1147372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many attempts have been made to induce limb salvage as an alternative to amputation for primary bone cancer in the extremities, but efforts to establish its benefits over amputation yielded inconsistent results with regard to outcomes and functional recovery. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and therapeutic efficiency of limb-salvage tumor resection in patients with primary bone cancer in the extremities, and to compare it with extremity amputation. Methods Patients diagnosed with T1-T2/N0/M0 primary bone cancer in the extremities between 2004 and 2019 were retrospectively identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program database. Cox regression models were used to test for statistical differences between overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The cumulative mortality rates (CMRs) for non-cancer comorbidities were also estimated. The evidence level in this study was Level IV. Results A total of 2,852 patients with primary bone cancer in the extremities were included in this study, among which 707 died during the study period. Of the patients, 72.6% and 20.4% underwent limb-salvage resection and extremity amputation, respectively. In patients with T1/T2-stage bone tumors in the extremities, limb-salvage resection was associated with significantly better OS and DSS than extremity amputation (OS: adjusted HR, 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-0.77; p < 0.001; DSS: adjusted HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58-0.84; p < 0.001). Limb-salvage resection was associated with significantly better OS and DSS than extremity amputation for patients with limb osteosarcoma (OS: adjusted HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.87; p = 0.001; DSS: adjusted HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.94; p = 0.01). Mortality from cardiovascular diseases and external injuries was remarkably declined in primary bone cancer in the extremities patients who underwent limb-salvage resection (cardiovascular diseases, p = 0.005; external injuries, p = 0.009). Conclusion Limb-salvage resection exhibited excellent oncological superiority for T1/2-stage primary bone tumors in the extremities. We recommend that patients with resectable primary bone tumors in the extremities undergo limb-salvage surgery as the first choice of treatment.
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Wood GE, Graves LA, Rubin EM, Reed DR, Riedel RF, Strauss SJ. Bad to the Bone: Emerging Approaches to Aggressive Bone Sarcomas. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43:e390306. [PMID: 37220319 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_390306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone sarcomas are rare heterogeneous tumors that affect patients of all ages including children, adolescent young adults, and older adults. They include many aggressive subtypes and patient groups with poor outcomes, poor access to clinical trials, and lack of defined standard therapeutic strategies. Conventional chondrosarcoma remains a surgical disease, with no defined role for cytotoxic therapy and no approved targeted systemic therapies. Here, we discuss promising novel targets and strategies undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. Multiagent chemotherapy has greatly improved outcomes for patients with Ewing sarcoma (ES) and osteosarcoma, but management of those with high-risk or recurrent disease remains challenging and controversial. We describe the impact of international collaborative trials, such as the rEECur study, that aim to define optimal treatment strategies for those with recurrent, refractory ES, and evidence for high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support. We also discuss current and emerging strategies for other small round cell sarcomas, such as CIC-rearranged, BCOR-rearranged tumors, and the evaluation of emerging novel therapeutics and trial designs that may offer a new paradigm to improve survival in these aggressive tumors with notoriously bad (to the bone) outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina E Wood
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laurie A Graves
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Elyssa M Rubin
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA
| | - Damon R Reed
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Richard F Riedel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Rajan S, Franz EM, McAloney CA, Vetter TA, Cam M, Gross AC, Taslim C, Wang M, Cannon MV, Oles A, Roberts RD. Osteosarcoma tumors maintain intra-tumoral transcriptional heterogeneity during bone and lung colonization. BMC Biol 2023; 21:98. [PMID: 37106386 PMCID: PMC10142502 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01593-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumors are complex tissues containing collections of phenotypically diverse malignant and nonmalignant cells. We know little of the mechanisms that govern heterogeneity of tumor cells nor of the role heterogeneity plays in overcoming stresses, such as adaptation to different microenvironments. Osteosarcoma is an ideal model for studying these mechanisms-it exhibits widespread inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, predictable patterns of metastasis, and a lack of clear targetable driver mutations. Understanding the processes that facilitate adaptation to primary and metastatic microenvironments could inform the development of therapeutic targeting strategies. RESULTS We investigated single-cell RNA-sequencing profiles of 47,977 cells obtained from cell line and patient-derived xenograft models as cells adapted to growth within primary bone and metastatic lung environments. Tumor cells maintained phenotypic heterogeneity as they responded to the selective pressures imposed during bone and lung colonization. Heterogenous subsets of cells defined by distinct transcriptional profiles were maintained within bone- and lung-colonizing tumors, despite high-level selection. One prominent heterogenous feature involving glucose metabolism was clearly validated using immunofluorescence staining. Finally, using concurrent lineage tracing and single-cell transcriptomics, we found that lung colonization enriches for multiple clones with distinct transcriptional profiles that are preserved across cellular generations. CONCLUSIONS Response to environmental stressors occurs through complex and dynamic phenotypic adaptations. Heterogeneity is maintained, even in conditions that enforce clonal selection. These findings likely reflect the influences of developmental processes promoting diversification of tumor cell subpopulations, which are retained, even in the face of selective pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Rajan
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emily M Franz
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Camille A McAloney
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tatyana A Vetter
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maren Cam
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy C Gross
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cenny Taslim
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew V Cannon
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexander Oles
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
- The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Markowitz MI, Donato Z, Constantinescu DS, Al-Hardan W, Baron M, Crawford B. Orthopedic approaches for bone sarcoma: A bibliometric review of the 50 most cited papers. J Orthop 2023; 38:53-61. [PMID: 37008450 PMCID: PMC10051026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Curative treatment of bone sarcoma is primarily based on operative management. The Orthopedic Oncology approach towards this disease has evolved greatly to the breakthrough in systemic treatment options as well as unique implant designs favoring limb salvage over amputations. The purpose of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most cited papers related to the orthopedic the approach to bone sarcomas. Methods We queried the ISI Web of Knowledge database in July 2022. Keywords utilized were: ""Bone Sarcoma" OR "Osteosarcoma" OR "Ewing Sarcoma" OR "Chondrosarcoma" OR "Chordoma". The top 50 articles pertaining to the orthopedic approach to bone sarcoma were included for analysis and included manuscript title, authors, citation count, journal and publication year. Results The mean number of citations are 187.06 (Range 125-400; SD 67.83). The average citations per year is 10.03 (Range 47.86-3.43; SD 8.05). Many articles were published from 2000 to 2009 (n = 20) and 1990-1999 (n = 13). The majority of the articles were published by institutions within the United States (n = 32). The most common level of evidence was level IV (n = 37). Majority of the articles focused on treatment outcome (n = 22). Conclusion This study offers a comprehensive review of the most cited literature regarding orthopedic approaches to bony sarcomas. Modern treatment approaches for bone sarcoma has resulted in an increased focus within the literature on achieving disease free survival wide tissue margins. Understanding the trends of available studies allows for physicians and researchers to target and innovate future areas of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses I. Markowitz
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Zachary Donato
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - David S. Constantinescu
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 NW 12th Ave #303, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Waleed Al-Hardan
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 NW 12th Ave #303, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Max Baron
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Brooke Crawford
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 NW 12th Ave #303, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Luo J, Wang X, Chen Z, Zhou H, Xiao Y. The role and mechanism of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway regulated by m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 in osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2023; 39:100471. [PMID: 36915895 PMCID: PMC10006691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most malignant bone tumor which mainly occurs in childhood or adolescence. The previous studies indicated that OS is difficult to treat. KIAA1429 is one of the components of m6A complex that regulating the process of m6A modification, which plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis. But the mechanism of KIAA1429 regulating OS cell identity was not entirely clear, which needs further investigate. RT-qPCR and western blotting were applied to determine KIAA1429 expression station in OS cells and tissues. To further detect the KIAA1429 function in OS cells, the ability of proliferation, migration and invasion were analyzed by Edu, wound-healing and transwell experiments respectively. Besides, RNA sequencing was also used to further find the downstream of KIAA1429 regulation and small molecule inhibitor was added to explore the specific role of signaling pathway. Our data found that KIAA1429 is up-regulated in human OS cell lines compared to the human osteoblast cells. Meanwhile, the deletion of KIAA1429 significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Interestingly, the JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway was involved in KIAA1429 regulation on OS cell characters. The KIAA1429 eliminated OS cells exhibited a decreased activity of JAK2/STAT3 signal. And the addition of JAK2/STAT3 stimulator (colivelin) could distinctly rescue the decreased OS cells' proliferation, migration, and invasion upon KIAA1429 knockdown. In summary, these data demonstrated that KIAA1429/JAK2/STAT3 axis may a new target for OS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Luo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341099, China
| | - Xuhua Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341099, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341099, China
| | - Huaqiang Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341099, China
| | - Yihui Xiao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341099, China
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Primary Sarcomas of the Spine: A Systematic Review and Pooled Data Analysis. Clin Spine Surg 2023:01933606-990000000-00125. [PMID: 36823708 DOI: 10.1097/bsd.0000000000001432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of the literature and pooled data analysis of treatment outcomes of primary sarcomas of the spine. OBJECTIVE To examine the current literature and treatment options for primary sarcomas of the spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA A paucity of literature exists on treatment outcomes of primary sarcomas of the spine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two authors searched PubMed to identify articles for review, and a pooled data analysis was performed to determine overall survival for each type of surgical resection on spine sarcomas. RESULTS In total, 1776 articles were identified, and 11 met our inclusion criteria for review. In chondrosarcoma, overall survival was significantly higher with en bloc excision when compared with piecemeal resection (HR for piecemeal resection: 4.11; 95% CI: 2.08-8.15). Subgroup analysis showed that the addition of radiation therapy after piecemeal excision increased overall survival to 60 months from 48 months with piecemeal excision alone. In osteosarcoma, there was no significant difference in overall survival between en bloc and piecemeal resection (HR for piecemeal resection: 1.76; 95% CI: 0.776-3.99). In Ewing's sarcoma, overall survival was significantly higher when a successful en bloc resection was achieved and coupled with chemotherapy and radiation therapy for local control (HR for piecemeal resection: 7.96; 95% CI: 2.12-20.1). Interestingly, when a successful en bloc resection could not be achieved, chemotherapy and radiation therapy alone had significantly higher survival than piecemeal resection (HR for piecemeal resection: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.01-6.84). A significantly higher number of local recurrences were associated with the piecemeal resection group in all types of spine sarcomas. CONCLUSION This review and pooled data seem to favor en bloc excision for local control as the treatment of choice in primary sarcomas of the spine.
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Dai Z, Liu Z, Yang R, Cao W, Ji T. EVI2B Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Is Correlated with Monocyte and Macrophage Infiltration in Osteosarcoma Based on an Integrative Analysis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020327. [PMID: 36830696 PMCID: PMC9953216 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor. However, treatment strategies have not changed over the past 30 years. The relationship between OS and the immune microenvironment may provide a basis for the establishment of novel therapeutic targets. In this study, a large-scale gene expression dataset (GSE42352) was used to identify key genes in OS. A Target-OS dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas was used as a validation set. Ecotropic viral integration site 2B (EVI2B) was significantly upregulated in OS tumor samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between samples with high and low EVI2B expression in both the test and validation cohorts. The top three functions of DEGs determined by a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were chemokine signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection. A prognostic prediction model including EVI2B, DOCK2, and CD33 was constructed by a Cox regression analysis. This model indicated that EVI2B is an independent protective prognostic marker in OS. An analysis of immune infiltration further showed that high EVI2B expression levels were correlated with high levels of macrophage infiltration. Protein expression data derived from the Human Protein Atlas suggested EVI2B to be highly expressed in monocytes. Finally, we validated the elevated expression of EVI2B in OS cell lines and OS tissue samples; these results were consistent with those of the analyses of the GSE42352 and Target-OS datasets. Our integrative bioinformatics analysis and experimental results provide clear evidence for the prognostic value of EVI2B in OS and its close relationship with monocyte and macrophage infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlin Dai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zheqi Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (T.J.)
| | - Tong Ji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (T.J.)
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Rothermundt C, Andreou D, Blay JY, Brodowicz T, Desar IME, Dileo P, Gelderblom H, Haas R, Jakob J, Jones RL, Judson I, Kunz WG, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Lindner LH, Messiou C, Miah AB, Reichardt P, Szkandera J, van der Graaf WTA, van Houdt WJ, Wardelmann E, Hofer S. Controversies in the management of patients with soft tissue sarcoma: Recommendations of the Conference on State of Science in Sarcoma 2022. Eur J Cancer 2023; 180:158-179. [PMID: 36599184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the rarity and heterogeneity in biology and presentation, there are multiple areas in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of soft tissue sarcoma (STS), with no, low-level or conflicting evidence. METHODS During the first Consensus Conference on the State of Science in Sarcoma (CSSS), we used a modified Delphi process to identify areas of controversy in the field of sarcoma, to name topics with limited evidence-based data in which a scientific and knowledge gap may remain and a consensus statement will help to guide patient management. We determined scientific questions which need to be addressed in the future in order to generate evidence and to inform physicians and caregivers in daily clinical practice in order to improve the outcomes of patients with sarcoma. We conducted a vote on STS key questions and controversies prior to the CSSS meeting, which took place in May 2022. RESULTS Sixty-two European sarcoma experts participated in the survey. Sixteen strong consensus (≥95%) items were identified by the experts, as well as 30 items with a ≥75% consensus on diagnostic and therapeutic questions. Ultimately, many controversy topics remained without consensus. CONCLUSIONS In this manuscript, we summarise the voting results and the discussion during the CSSS meeting. Future scientific questions, priorities for clinical trials, registries, quality assurance, and action by stakeholders are proposed. Platforms and partnerships can support innovative approaches to improve management and clinical research in STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rothermundt
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Dimosthenis Andreou
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Department of Medicine, Léon Bérard Center, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Brodowicz
- Department of Medical Oncology, General Hospital - Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid M E Desar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Palma Dileo
- London Sarcoma Service, Department of Oncology, University College Hospital London, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Haas
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam and the Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jens Jakob
- Sarcoma Unit, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robin L Jones
- Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Judson
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang G Kunz
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lars H Lindner
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Messiou
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aisha B Miah
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Reichardt
- Department of Oncology and Palliative Care, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joanna Szkandera
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Winan J van Houdt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Wardelmann
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Silvia Hofer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Zheng K, Hou Y, Zhang Y, Wang F, Sun A, Yang D. Molecular features and predictive models identify the most lethal subtype and a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1111570. [PMID: 36874110 PMCID: PMC9980341 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The existing treatment regimens remained essentially unchanged over the past 30 years; hence the prognosis has plateaued at a poor level. Precise and personalized therapy is yet to be exploited. Methods One discovery cohort (n=98) and two validation cohorts (n=53 & n=48) were collected from public data sources. We performed a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method on the discovery cohort to stratify osteosarcoma. Survival analysis and transcriptomic profiling characterized each subtype. Then, a drug target was screened based on subtypes' features and hazard ratios. We also used specific siRNAs and added a cholesterol pathway inhibitor to osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS and Saos-2) to verify the target. Moreover, PermFIT and ProMS, two support vector machine (SVM) tools, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, were employed to establish predictive models. Results We herein divided osteosarcoma patients into four subtypes (S-I ~ S-IV). Patients of S- I were found probable to live longer. S-II was characterized by the highest immune infiltration. Cancer cells proliferated most in S-III. Notably, S-IV held the most unfavorable outcome and active cholesterol metabolism. SQLE, a rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis, was identified as a potential drug target for S-IV patients. This finding was further validated in two external independent osteosarcoma cohorts. The function of SQLE to promote proliferation and migration was confirmed by cell phenotypic assays after the specific gene knockdown or addition of terbinafine, an inhibitor of SQLE. We further employed two machine learning tools based on SVM algorithms to develop a subtype diagnostic model and used the LASSO method to establish a 4-gene model for predicting prognosis. These two models were also verified in a validation cohort. Conclusion The molecular classification enhanced our understanding of osteosarcoma; the novel predicting models served as robust prognostic biomarkers; the therapeutic target SQLE opened a new way for treatment. Our results served as valuable hints for future biological studies and clinical trials of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Diaphyseal Tibial Osteosarcoma With Myiasis. Cureus 2022; 14:e32718. [PMID: 36686136 PMCID: PMC9850264 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a tumour that can originate in any bone and is the most frequent malignant tumour of the skeleton. It typically develops close to the metaphyseal growth plates in the limbs' long bones. The three most prevalent places are the femur, tibia, and humerus. Additional locations include the pelvis, skull, and jaw. Diaphyseal osteosarcoma involves a smaller population and is highly uncommon. Conventional kinds of osteosarcoma, such as osteoblastic, chondroblastic, and fibroblastic types, as well as telangiectatic, multifocal, parosteal, and periosteal types, are some of the variations of the disease. The primary bone tumour (cancerous) is generated by the formation of immature bone and primarily affects adolescents. We present a case of a 45-year-old menopausal female with left tibial osteosarcoma of the proximal 1/3 diaphysis infected with maggots and complaints of left knee pain and tingling.
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Khadembaschi D, Jafri M, Praveen P, Parmar S, Breik O. Does neoadjuvant chemotherapy provide a survival benefit in maxillofacial osteosarcoma: A systematic review and pooled analysis. Oral Oncol 2022; 135:106133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mittal A, Pushpam D, Ganguly S, Kumar VS, Khan SA, Bakhshi S. Controversies and Challenges in the Management of Osteosarcoma-an Indian Perspective. Indian J Surg Oncol 2022; 13:939-955. [PMID: 36687236 PMCID: PMC9845467 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-021-01486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OGS) is the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents which requires a multidisciplinary approach to management. Although chemotherapy and surgery can cure more than half of localized OGS cases, the unique challenges faced by resource-limited countries like India make this outcome difficult to achieve. Various questions in the management of OGS including role of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) in neoadjuvant setting, triplet vs doublet chemotherapy, intensification of chemotherapy based on response in setting of doublet, and indigenous prosthesis in setting of limb salvage need to be defined. Similarly, in the metastatic and recurrent setting, questions regarding intent of treatment, indications of chemotherapy, timing of surgery, and role of targeted therapies need clarification. Lack of randomized trials from India makes definite conclusions difficult, but an attempt can be made to define the best approach in the Indian scenario from available evidence. Hence, a critical review of literature from India and the West was done to define possible management approaches and highlight the lacuna for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhenil Mittal
- Department of Medical Oncology, DR BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Deepam Pushpam
- Department of Medical Oncology, DR BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Shuvadeep Ganguly
- Department of Medical Oncology, DR BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | | | - Shah Alam Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, DR BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029 India
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Niu J, Yan T, Guo W, Wang W, Ren T, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Yu Y, Chen C, Huang Q, Lou J, Guo L. The COPS3-FOXO3 positive feedback loop regulates autophagy to promote cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma. Autophagy 2022:1-18. [DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2150003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Niu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Taiqiang Yan
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhao
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyang Yu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Chen
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshan Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbing Lou
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
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Bartelstein MK, Boland PJ. Fifty years of bone tumors. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:906-912. [PMID: 36087079 PMCID: PMC9524618 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There have been enormous advances in the treatment of bone tumors over the past half-century. The most notable of these has been the transition from amputation as the standard of care to limb salvage surgery. This transition is the result of advances in imaging techniques, accurate diagnosis, systemic therapies (including chemotherapy), and prosthetic design for the reconstruction of musculoskeletal defects. Advances have also been made in the management of benign and metastatic bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith K. Bartelstein
- Orthopaedic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick J. Boland
- Orthopaedic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Iwicka E, Hajtuch J, Dzierzbicka K, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Muramyl dipeptide-based analogs as potential anticancer compounds: Strategies to improve selectivity, biocompatibility, and efficiency. Front Oncol 2022; 12:970967. [PMID: 36237313 PMCID: PMC9551026 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.970967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. This is an important global problem and a major challenge for researchers who have been trying to find an effective anticancer therapy. A large number of newly discovered compounds do not exert selective cytotoxic activity against tumorigenic cells and have too many side effects. Therefore, research on muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogs has attracted interest due to the urgency for finding more efficient and safe treatments for oncological patients. MDP is a ligand of the cytosolic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 receptor (NOD2). This molecule is basic structural unit that is responsible for the immune activity of peptidoglycans and exhibits many features that are important for modern medicine. NOD2 is a component of the innate immune system and represents a promising target for enhancing the innate immune response as well as the immune response against cancer cells. For this reason, MDP and its analogs have been widely used for many years not only in the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases but also as adjuvants to support improved vaccine delivery, including for cancer treatment. Unfortunately, in most cases, both the MDP molecule and its synthesized analogs prove to be too pyrogenic and cause serious side effects during their use, which consequently exclude them from direct clinical application. Therefore, intensive research is underway to find analogs of the MDP molecule that will have better biocompatibility and greater effectiveness as anticancer agents and for adjuvant therapy. In this paper, we review the MDP analogs discovered in the last 10 years that show promise for antitumor therapy. The first part of the paper compiles the achievements in the field of anticancer vaccine adjuvant research, which is followed by a description of MDP analogs that exhibit promising anticancer and antiproliferative activity and their structural changes compared to the original MDP molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Iwicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Justyna Hajtuch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krystyna Dzierzbicka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak,
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Wu Q, Yang C, Yan H, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Huang R, Hu X, Li B. Prognostic Nomogram of Osteocarcinoma after Surgical Treatment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9778555. [PMID: 37954859 PMCID: PMC10635754 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9778555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to establish a valid prognostic nomogram for osteocarcinoma after surgical management. Methods Based on the SEER database, we retrieved the clinical variables of patients confirmed to have osteocarcinoma between 1975 and 2016. Then, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses and constructed a nomogram of overall survival. Results Multivariate analysis of the primary cohort revealed that the independent factors for survival were age, grade, pathologic stage, T stage, and surgery performed. All these factors were showed by the nomogram. The correction curve of survival probability showed that the prediction results of nomogram well agreed with the actual observation results. The C index of the nomogram used to predict survival was 0.82; the AUC of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates in the training cohort were 0.9, 0.819, and 0.80631, respectively, indicating that the model was accurate and reliable; whether the operation was performed or not; T stage; grade; and age were the main factors affecting the survival of patients. The AUC of the validation cohort for 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years were 0.8, 0.831, and 0.80023, respectively. Conclusion The proposed nomogram can more accurately predict the prognosis of patients with osteocarcinoma after surgical management. This could be a potential method that services clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Canchun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Haolin Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zheyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhilei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Renyuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xumin Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Lee JS, Kelly CM, Bartlett EK. Management of pelvic sarcoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2022; 48:2299-2307. [PMID: 36195471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelvic sarcomas are a rare and heterogenous group of tumors divided into two groups: soft tissue sarcomas and bone sarcomas. Soft tissue sarcomas of the pelvis include most commonly liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, and solitary fibrous tumors. Bone sarcomas of the pelvis most commonly include osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Multidisciplinary treatment at a center experienced in the treatment of sarcoma is essential. Management is dictated by histologic type and grade. Surgical resection with wide margins is the cornerstone of treatment for pelvic sarcomas, although this is often challenging due to anatomic constraints of the pelvis. Multimodal treatment is critical due to the high risk of local recurrence in the pelvis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay S Lee
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ciara M Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edmund K Bartlett
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Hong KT, Park HJ, Kim BK, An H, Choi JY, Cheon JE, Park SH, Kim HS, Kang HJ. Favorable outcome of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma and low-degree necrosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:978949. [PMID: 36176408 PMCID: PMC9513349 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.978949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A low-degree tumor necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a poor prognostic factor for osteosarcoma (OSA). However, the role of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in OSA remains controversial. We analyzed the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of nonmetastatic OSA and compared the HDC and conventional chemotherapy (CC) outcomes of patients with <90% necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods We retrospectively evaluated patients with OSA treated at the Seoul National University Children’s Hospital from 2000 to 2020. Totally, 113 patients with non-metastatic OSA at diagnosis were included. The majority were treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This was continued when the postoperative necrosis rate was >90% (good response [GR]), whereas most cases with <90% (poor response [PR]) were changed to chemotherapy. The HDC regimen was composed of melphalan, etoposide, and carboplatin. Results The median age at diagnosis was 12.6 years (range, 5.0–20.3), and 61.9% of patients were men. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 75.8% and 91.5%, respectively. Among these, 59 and 44 patients were included in the GR and PR groups, respectively. The GR group had a better 5-year EFS rate than the PR group (82.4% vs. 67.3%, p=0.071). Age at diagnosis, sex, tumor site, type of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and degree of tumor necrosis were not different between the PR-HDC (n=24) and PR-CC (n=20) groups. The 5-year EFS and OS rates in the PR-HDC (n=24) and PR-CC (n=20) groups were 78.6% and 53.6% (p=0.065) and 100% and 76.9% (p=0.024), respectively. In the Cox regression analysis, the PR-CC group (hazard ratio, 4.95; p=0.004) and age ≥12 years (hazard ratio, 2.68; p=0.024) were significant risk factors for 5-year EFS. Conclusions HDC showed favorable outcomes in patients with non-metastatic OSA and <90% necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Taek Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Yul An
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Yoon Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Cheon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Hongcheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyoung Jin Kang,
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Hu X, Lu M, Wang Y, Wen Y, Tan L, Du G, Zhou Y, Luo Y, Min L, Tu C. Cementless curved endoprosthesis stem for distal femoral reconstruction in a Chinese population: a combined anatomical & biomechanical study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:849. [PMID: 36071516 PMCID: PMC9454224 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The endoprosthetic knee reconstruction using a current universal femoral stem might not be suitable for local population due to the anatomical difference between Chinese and Western populations. We measured the anatomical parameters of Chinese femurs as reference for stem design, and proposed a cementless, curved, short endoprosthesis stem for the reconstruction of distal femur. This study analyzed the biomechanical performance of the newly designed stem aimed at the identification of better operative strategy. Methods The CT–scanning data of femurs derived from 96 healthy Chinese volunteers were imported into the Mimics software, and a segmental measurement strategy was applied to evaluate the radius of curvature (ROC) of the femoral medullary cavity. Then, 4 kinds of endoprosthetic replacement models were created based on the measurement results. Model A: the distal tumor resected femora + straight stem A; Model B: the distal tumor resected femora + curved stem B; Model C: the distal tumor resected femora + curved stem C; Model D: the distal tumor resected femora + curved stem D. Finally, the mechanical difference among these models were compared by finite element analysis. Results The mean femoral ROC of Segment1, 2, 3, 4, 5 measured in the present study was 724.5 mm, 747.5 mm, 1016.5 mm, 1286.5 mm, and 1128 mm, respectively. Based on the femoral ROC of Segment2, the stem ROC of the curved stem B, C, and D was designed as 475 mm, 700 mm, and 1300 mm, respectively. Generally, all endoprosthetic replacement models showed a normal–like stress distribution on the femurs. However, compared to the straight stem, the biomimetic curved stem showed better biomechanical performance both in terms of reducing the extent of the stress shielding of the femur and in terms of minimizing the stress distribution of the implant. Conclusions The uncemented, curved, short stem with suitable ROC can perfectly match the Chinese femoral canal morphology which has better mechanical properties than the conventional femoral stem. Thus, this newly designed femoral stem might be an optimized method for treatment of malignant femoral tumours in the Chinese populations in the case that the numerical results are supported by future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Minxun Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyun Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifeng Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chongqi Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. No, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Yang Y, Peng Z, Flores ER, Kleinerman ES. Pramlintide: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Osteosarcoma through Metabolic Reprogramming. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4310. [PMID: 36077845 PMCID: PMC9454976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite aggressive combination chemotherapy and surgery, outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma have remained stagnant for more than 25 years, and numerous clinical trials have identified no new therapies. p53 deletion or mutation is found in more than 80% of osteosarcoma tumors. In p53-deficient cancers with structurally altered p63 and p73, interfering with tumor cell metabolism using Pramlintide (an FDA-approved drug for type 2 diabetes) results in tumor regression. Pramlintide response is mediated through upregulation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Here, we showed that osteosarcoma cells have altered p63, p73, and p53, and decreased IAPP expression but have the two main IAPP receptors, CalcR and RAMP3, which inhibit glycolysis and induce apoptosis. We showed that in osteosarcoma cells with high- or mid-range glycolytic activity, Pramlintide decreased cell glycolysis, resulting in decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis in vitro. In contrast, Pramlintide had no effect in osteosarcoma cells with low glycolytic activity. Using a subcutaneous osteosarcoma mouse model, we showed that intratumoral injection of Pramlintide-induced tumor regression. Tumor sections showed increased apoptosis and a decrease in Ki-67 and HIF-1α. These data suggest that in osteosarcoma cells with altered p53, p63, and p73 and a high glycolytic function, Pramlintide therapy can modulate metabolic programming and inhibit tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhanglong Peng
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elsa R. Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eugenie S. Kleinerman
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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50
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Yang Q, Hu J, Jia Z, Zhang S, Wang Q, Wang J, Dao L, Zhang W, Xia X, Gorlick R, Li S. Membrane-Anchored and Tumor-Targeted IL12 (attIL12)-PBMC Therapy for Osteosarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3862-3873. [PMID: 35727602 PMCID: PMC10142228 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown great promise for treating hematologic malignancies but requires a long duration of T-cell expansion, is associated with severe toxicity, and has limited efficacy for treating solid tumors. We designed experiments to address those challenges. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We generated a cell membrane-anchored and tumor-targeted IL12 (attIL12) to arm peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) instead of T cells to omit the expansion phase for required CAR T cells. RESULTS This IL12-based attIL12-PBMC therapy showed significant antitumor efficacy in both heterogeneous osteosarcoma patient-derived xenograft tumors and metastatic osteosarcoma tumors with no observable toxic effects. Mechanistically, attIL12-PBMC treatment resulted in tumor-restricted antitumor cytokine release and accumulation of attIL12-PBMCs in tumors. It also induced terminal differentiation of osteosarcoma cells into bone-like cells to impede tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS In summary, attIL12-PBMC therapy is safe and effective against osteosarcoma. Our goal is to move this treatment into a clinical trial. Owing to the convenience of the attIL12-PBMC production process, we believe it will be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Xiangtan City, 411101, Xiangtan, China
| | - Jiemiao Hu
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhiliang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - LongHoang Dao
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wendong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xueqing Xia
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics–Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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