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Yang DH, Nah H, Lee D, Min SJ, Park S, An SH, Wang J, He H, Choi KS, Ko WK, Lee JS, Kwon IK, Lee SJ, Heo DN. A review on gold nanoparticles as an innovative therapeutic cue in bone tissue engineering: Prospects and future clinical applications. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101016. [PMID: 38516171 PMCID: PMC10952045 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone damage is a complex orthopedic problem primarily caused by trauma, cancer, or bacterial infection of bone tissue. Clinical care management for bone damage remains a significant clinical challenge and there is a growing need for more advanced bone therapy options. Nanotechnology has been widely explored in the field of orthopedic therapy for the treatment of a severe bone disease. Among nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) along with other biomaterials are emerging as a new paradigm for treatment with excellent potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. In recent years, a great deal of research has focused on demonstrating the potential for GNPs to provide for enhancement of osteogenesis, reduction of osteoclastogenesis/osteomyelitis, and treatment of bone cancer. This review details the latest understandings in regards to GNPs based therapeutic systems, mechanisms, and the applications of GNPs against various bone disorders. The present review aims to summarize i) the mechanisms of GNPs in bone tissue remodeling, ii) preparation methods of GNPs, and iii) functionalization of GNPs and its decoration on biomaterials as a delivery vehicle in a specific bone tissue engineering for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Haram Nah
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jun Min
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Park
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun An
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huining He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Kyu-Sun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Kyu Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jae Seo Lee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee University Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Biofunctional Materials, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dong Nyoung Heo
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Biofriends Inc, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Shi S, Duan H, Ou X. Targeted delivery of anti-osteoporosis therapy: Bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems and composites. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116699. [PMID: 38705129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) constitutes a significant health concern that profoundly affects individuals' quality of life. Bisphosphonates, conventional pharmaceuticals widely employed in OP treatment, encounter limitations related to inadequate drug targeting and a short effective duration, thereby compromising their clinical efficacy. The burgeoning field of nanotechnology has witnessed the development and application of diverse functional nanosystems designed for OP treatment. Owing to the bone tissue affinity of bisphosphonates, these nanosystems are modified to address shortcomings associated with traditional drug delivery. In this review, we explore the potential of bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems as a promising strategy for addressing osteoporotic conditions. With functional modification, these nanosystems exhibit a targeted and reversible effect on osteoporotic remodeling, presenting a promising solution to enhance precision in drug delivery. The synthesis methods, physicochemical properties, and in vitro/in vivo performance of bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems are comprehensively examined in this review. Through a thorough analysis of recent advances and accomplishments in this field, we aim to provide insights into the potential applications and future directions of bisphosphonate-modified nanosystems for targeted and reversible osteoporotic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Shi
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Honghao Duan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Xuehai Ou
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China.
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Li S, Liu G, Hu S. Osteoporosis: interferon-gamma-mediated bone remodeling in osteoimmunology. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1396122. [PMID: 38817601 PMCID: PMC11137183 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1396122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world population ages, osteoporosis, the most common disease of bone metabolism, affects more than 200 million people worldwide. The etiology is an imbalance in bone remodeling process resulting in more significant bone resorption than bone remodeling. With the advent of the osteoimmunology field, the immune system's role in skeletal pathologies is gradually being discovered. The cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a member of the interferon family, is an important factor in the etiology and treatment of osteoporosis because it mediates bone remodeling. This review starts with bone remodeling process and includes the cellular and key signaling pathways of bone remodeling. The effects of IFN-γ on osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone mass are discussed separately, while the overall effects of IFN-γ on primary and secondary osteoporosis are summarized. The net effect of IFN-γ on bone appears to be highly dependent on the environment, dose, concentration, and stage of cellular differentiation. This review focuses on the mechanisms of bone remodeling and bone immunology, with a comprehensive discussion of the relationship between IFN-γ and osteoporosis. Finding the paradoxical balance of IFN-γ in bone immunology and exploring the potential of its clinical application provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- The Orthopaedic Center, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou University Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siwang Hu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou University Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
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Qiu S, Dhaliwal R, Divine G, Warner E, Rao SD. Differences in bone histomorphometry between White postmenopausal women with and without atypical femoral fracture after long-term bisphosphonate therapy. J Bone Miner Res 2024; 39:417-424. [PMID: 38477744 DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Bone histomorphometric endpoints in transilial biopsies may be associated with an increased risk of atypical femoral fracture (AFF) in patients with osteoporosis who take antiresorptives, including bisphosphonates (BPs). One way to test this hypothesis is to evaluate bone histomorphometric endpoints in age-, gender-, and treatment time-matched patients who either had AFF or did not have AFF. In this study, we performed transiliac bone biopsies in 52 White postmenopausal women with (n = 20) and without (n = 32) AFFs, all of whom had been treated for osteoporosis continuously with alendronate for 4-17 yr. Despite the matched range of treatment duration (4-17 yr), AFF patients received alendronate for significantly longer time (10.7 yr) than non-AFF patients (8.0 yr) (P = .014). Bone histomorphometric endpoints reflecting microstructure and turnover were assessed in cancellous, intracortical, and endocortical envelopes from transilial biopsy specimens obtained from BP-treated patients 3-6 mo after AFF and from non-AFF patients with similar age-, gender-, and range of BP treatment duration. However, in both cancellous and intracortical envelopes, AFF patients had significantly lower wall thickness (W.Th) and higher osteoclast surface (Oc.S/BS) than non-AFF patients. In addition, AFF patients had significantly higher eroded surface (ES/BS) only in the intracortical envelope. None of the dynamic variables related to bone formation and turnover differed significantly between the groups. In conclusion, in the ilium of BP-treated patients with osteoporosis, AFF patients have lower thickness of superficial bone (lower W.Th) of the cancellous and cortical envelopes than non-AFF patients. AFF and non-AFF patients have a similar bone turnover rate in the ilium. Furthermore, in this population, as in previous work, AFF is more likely to occur in BP-treated patients with longer treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Qiu
- Bone and Mineral Research Laboratory, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ruban Dhaliwal
- Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - George Divine
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Elizabeth Warner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone & Mineral Disorders, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA and Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, 48825, USA
| | - Sudhaker D Rao
- Bone and Mineral Research Laboratory, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone & Mineral Disorders, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA and Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, 48825, USA
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Chandran M, Akesson KE, Javaid MK, Harvey N, Blank RD, Brandi ML, Chevalley T, Cinelli P, Cooper C, Lems W, Lyritis GP, Makras P, Paccou J, Pierroz DD, Sosa M, Thomas T, Silverman S. Impact of osteoporosis and osteoporosis medications on fracture healing: a narrative review. Osteoporos Int 2024:10.1007/s00198-024-07059-8. [PMID: 38587674 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Antiresorptive medications do not negatively affect fracture healing in humans. Teriparatide may decrease time to fracture healing. Romosozumab has not shown a beneficial effect on human fracture healing. BACKGROUND Fracture healing is a complex process. Uncertainty exists over the influence of osteoporosis and the medications used to treat it on fracture healing. METHODS Narrative review authored by the members of the Fracture Working Group of the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), on behalf of the IOF and the Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie (SICOT). RESULTS Fracture healing is a multistep process. Most fractures heal through a combination of intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Radiographic imaging is important for evaluating fracture healing and for detecting delayed or non-union. The presence of callus formation, bridging trabeculae, and a decrease in the size of the fracture line over time are indicative of healing. Imaging must be combined with clinical parameters and patient-reported outcomes. Animal data support a negative effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing; however, clinical data do not appear to corroborate with this. Evidence does not support a delay in the initiation of antiresorptive therapy following acute fragility fractures. There is no reason for suspension of osteoporosis medication at the time of fracture if the person is already on treatment. Teriparatide treatment may shorten fracture healing time at certain sites such as distal radius; however, it does not prevent non-union or influence union rate. The positive effect on fracture healing that romosozumab has demonstrated in animals has not been observed in humans. CONCLUSION Overall, there appears to be no deleterious effect of osteoporosis medications on fracture healing. The benefit of treating osteoporosis and the urgent necessity to mitigate imminent refracture risk after a fracture should be given prime consideration. It is imperative that new radiological and biological markers of fracture healing be identified. It is also important to synthesize clinical and basic science methodologies to assess fracture healing, so that a convergence of the two frameworks can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, DUKE NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - K E Akesson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M K Javaid
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - R D Blank
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M L Brandi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Palagi 1, Florence, Italy
| | - T Chevalley
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Cinelli
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - W Lems
- Department of Rheumatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G P Lyritis
- Hellenic Osteoporosis Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - P Makras
- Department of Medical Research, 251 Hellenic Air Force & VA General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - J Paccou
- Department of Rheumatology, MABlab ULR 4490, CHU Lille, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - D D Pierroz
- International Osteoporosis Foundation, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - M Sosa
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Investigation Group on Osteoporosis and Mineral Metabolism, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - T Thomas
- Department of Rheumatology, North Hospital, CHU Saint-Etienne and INSERM U1059, University of Lyon-University Jean Monnet, Saint‑Etienne, France
| | - S Silverman
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Geffen School of Medicine UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Fumagalli V, Iannacone M. The interplay of drug therapeutics and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:197-200. [PMID: 37964122 PMCID: PMC10805708 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has necessitated rapid therapeutic and preventative responses. While vaccines form the frontline of defense, antiviral treatments such as nirmatrelvir have emerged as vital adjunctive measures, particularly for those unable or unwilling to be vaccinated. This review delves into the potential influence of nirmatrelvir on enduring immunity. In parallel, the potential of drug repurposing is explored, with bisphosphonates being examined for their possible effects against COVID-19 due to their immunomodulatory properties. The importance of rigorous clinical trials and careful interpretation of preliminary data is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fumagalli
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Experimental Imaging Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Žnidarič M, Kozinc Z, Škrinjar D. Potential of molecular biophysical stimulation therapy in chronic musculoskeletal disorders: a narrative review. Eur J Transl Myol 2023; 33:11894. [PMID: 37946516 PMCID: PMC10811630 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatment of chronic musculoskeletal diseases does not give sufficient results despite the implementation of novel drugs and techniques in orthopaedics and physical therapy. For instance, osteoporosis treatment is currently mainly limited to drug application, while the goal of osteoarthritis treatment is to mitigate pain symptoms through physical therapy. The main therapeutic principle in the management of osteoporosis is not only to increase bone mass, but also to improve bone and the cartilage quality, which depends on the biomechanical balance. Therefore, there is a strong demand for advanced technologies that would safely and non-invasively accelerate cartilage regeneration and improve bone density. Ten years ago, a new state-of-the-art technology - "Molecular biophysical stimulation therapy (MBST)", specifically nuclear magnetic resonance therapy, emerged on the medical technology market and until now, it has shown successful results in the conservative treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, including back pain. The aim of this review is to provide an integrated, synthesized overview of the current evidence of efficacy of MBST for managing chronic musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziga Kozinc
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia; Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, Koper.
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Zhang JY, Zhong YH, Chen LM, Zhuo XL, Zhao LJ, Wang YT. Recent advance of small-molecule drugs for clinical treatment of osteoporosis: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115654. [PMID: 37467618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder typified by a reduction in bone mass and structural degradation of bone tissue, leading to heightened fragility and vulnerability to fractures. The incidence of osteoporosis increases with age, making it a significant public health challenge. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis involves an imbalance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and resorption. The current treatment options for osteoporosis include bisphosphonates, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and denosumab. The recent advances in small-molecule drugs for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis offer promising options for improving bone health and reducing fracture risk. This review aims to provide an overview of the clinical applications and synthetic routes of representative small-molecule drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. A comprehensive understanding of the synthetic methods of drug molecules for osteoporosis may inspire the development of new, more effective, and practical synthetic techniques for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Yi-Han Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liu-Zhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, China
| | - Lu-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liu-Zhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, China
| | - Xiang-Long Zhuo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liu-Zhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhao
- The Rogel Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
| | - Ya-Tao Wang
- First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, 476100, China; Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
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Kim MJ, Piao M, Li Y, Lee SH, Lee KY. Deubiquitinase USP17 Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation by Increasing Osterix Protein Stability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15257. [PMID: 37894935 PMCID: PMC10607737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are essential for bone remodeling by regulating the differentiation of osteoblast and osteoclast. USP17 encodes for a deubiquitinating enzyme, specifically known as ubiquitin-specific protease 17, which plays a critical role in regulating protein stability and cellular signaling pathways. However, the role of USP17 during osteoblast differentiation has not been elusive. In this study, we initially investigated whether USP17 could regulate the differentiation of osteoblasts. Moreover, USP17 overexpression experiments were conducted to assess the impact on osteoblast differentiation induced by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). The positive effect was confirmed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and activity studies since ALP is a representative marker of osteoblast differentiation. To confirm this effect, Usp17 knockdown was performed, and its impact on BMP4-induced osteoblast differentiation was examined. As expected, knockdown of Usp17 led to the suppression of both ALP expression and activity. Mechanistically, it was observed that USP17 interacted with Osterix (Osx), which is a key transcription factor involved in osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, overexpression of USP17 led to an increase in Osx protein levels. Thus, to investigate whether this effect was due to the intrinsic function of USP17 in deubiquitination, protein stabilization experiments and ubiquitination analysis were conducted. An increase in Osx protein levels was attributed to an enhancement in protein stabilization via USP17-mediated deubiquitination. In conclusion, USP17 participates in the deubiquitination of Osx, contributing to its protein stabilization, and ultimately promoting the differentiation of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sung Ho Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (M.P.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (M.P.); (Y.L.)
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10
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Zhou BN, Zhang Q, Li M. Alzheimer's disease and its associated risk of bone fractures: a narrative review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1190762. [PMID: 37635980 PMCID: PMC10450034 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1190762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is the major cause of dementia in the aged population. Recent researches indicate that patients with AD have a significantly increased fracture risk, but the pathological mechanisms are still unclear. Objective We systematically reviewed studies regarding bone fracture risk in AD to uncover links between the pathologies of osteoporosis and AD. Methods We searched the literature using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if they evaluated bone fracture risk in AD patients and if they explored the pathogenesis and prevention of bone fractures in these patients. Results AD patients had a significantly higher risk of bone fractures than age-matched controls. Multiple factors contributed to the increased risk of bone fractures in AD patients, including the direct effects of amyloid pathology on bone cells, abnormal brain-bone interconnection, Wnt/β-catenin signalling deficits, reduced activity, high risk of falls and frailty, and chronic immune activity. Exercise, prevention of falls and fortified nutrition were beneficial for reducing the fracture risk in AD patients. However, the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic agents in preventing bone fractures should be further evaluated in AD patients as corresponding clinical studies are very scarce. Conclusion Alzheimer's disease patients have increased bone fracture risk and decreased bone mineral density owing to multiple factors. Assessment of anti-osteoporotic agents' efficacy in preventing bone fractures of AD patients is urgently needed.
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Cancarevic I, Ilyas U, Nassar M. Hypophosphatemia in Patients With Multiple Myeloma. Cureus 2023; 15:e40487. [PMID: 37342302 PMCID: PMC10279409 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypophosphatemia is among the most common electrolyte abnormalities, especially among patients with underlying malignancies, and is frequently associated with adverse prognoses. Phosphorus levels are regulated through a number of mechanisms, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), vitamin D, and other electrolyte levels themselves. Clinically, the findings are nonspecific, and the diagnosis is frequently delayed. This article is a narrative literature review. The PubMed database was searched for relevant articles pertaining to hypophosphatemia causes and consequences in patients suffering from multiple myeloma. We found a variety of causes of hypophosphatemia in patients with multiple myeloma. Tumor-induced osteopenia, although more common among patients with small squamous cell carcinomas, can occur with multiple myeloma as well. Additionally, both light chains themselves and medications can trigger Fanconi syndrome, which leads to phosphorus wasting by the kidney. Bisphosphonates, in addition to being a possible cause of Fanconi syndrome, lead to a decrease in calcium levels, which then stimulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) release, predisposing the patient to significant hypophosphatemia. Additionally, many of the more modern medications used to manage multiple myeloma have been associated with hypophosphatemia. A better understanding of those mechanisms may give clinicians a clearer idea of which patients may need more frequent screening as well as what the potential triggers in the individual patient may be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Cancarevic
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Usman Ilyas
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Mahmoud Nassar
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NYC Health + Hospitals/Queens, New York, USA
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12
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Pandey P, Sharma A, Gogia A. Bone health in breast cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2023; 47:100959. [PMID: 37236055 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Early breast cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide. Recent advances continue to improve outcomes and increase long-term survivorship. However, therapeutic modalities are deleterious for patients' bone health. While antiresorptive therapy may partially negate this, consequent reduction in rates of fragility fractures remains unproven. Selective prescription of bisphosphonates or denosumab may be an amicable middle ground. Recent evidence also suggests a possible role of osteoclast inhibitors as adjuvant therapy, but the evidence is modest at best. In this narrative clinical review, we explore the impact of various adjuvant modalities on bone mineral density and fragility fracture rates of early breast cancer survivors. We also review optimal patient selection for antiresorptive agents, their impact on rates of fragility fractures, and the possible role of these agents as adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praful Pandey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Gogia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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13
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Mu H, Pang Y, Liu L, Liu J, Liu C. Clinical values of serum Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) in medication‑related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:140. [PMID: 36998031 PMCID: PMC10061851 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used in clinical practice to prevent and treat bone metabolism-related diseases. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is one of the major sequelae of BPs use. Early prediction and intervention of MRONJ are of great significance. METHODS Ninety-seven patients currently on treatment with BPs or with a history of BPs usage and 45 healthy volunteers undergoing dentoalveolar surgery were included in this study. Participants' serum Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) levels were measured and analyzed before participants underwent surgery (T0) and after a 12-month follow-up (T1). Kruskal-Wallis test and ROC analysis were used to examine the predictive effect of Sema4D on MRONJ. RESULTS Sema4D levels in serum of patients corresponding to confirmed MRONJ were significantly lower at both T0 and T1 time points compared to non-MRONJ and healthy controls. Sema4D has a statistically predictive effect on the occurrence and diagnosis of MRONJ. Serum Sema4D levels were significantly reduced in MRONJ class 3 patients. MRONJ patients who received intravenous BPs had significantly lower Sema4D levels than those who received oral BPs. CONCLUSION Serum Sema4D level has predictive value for the onset of MRONJ in BPs users within 12 weeks after dentoalveolar surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Mu
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Ying Pang
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- General Department, Cangzhou Stomatological Hospital, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Qingchi Avenue, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
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14
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Liu YY, Ding YF, Sui HJ, Liu W, Zhang ZQ, Li F. Pilose antler (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus) polysaccharide and polypeptide extract inhibits bone resorption in high turnover type osteoporosis by stimulating the MAKP and MMP-9 signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 304:116052. [PMID: 36529246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pilose antler is a traditional Chinese medicine used to improve kidney function, strengthen tendons and bones, and prolong life, among other uses. It is widely employed in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the treatment of high turnover osteoporosis are not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying pilose antler polysaccharide and polypeptide extracts in inhibiting bone resorption in high turnover osteoporosis, and compare the effects of the two components alone and in combination to explore whether they could produce synergistic enhancement effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pilose antler polysaccharide and polypeptide extracts were detected by UV-visible spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. A rat model of retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the extracts on bone resorption. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the activity of factors related to high turnover type osteoporosis in rat serum. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of proteins related to the MAKP and MMP-9 signaling pathways in rat femurs. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the transcription levels of genes related to the MAKP and MMP-9 signaling pathways in rat femur tissues. Hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to observe the osteoprotective effects of pilose antler polysaccharides and polypeptides. RESULTS The yield of pilose antler polysaccharides was 8.3%, and was mainly composed of mannose, glucosamine hydrochloride, glucuronic acid, Galacturonic acid, Galactose hydrochloride, glucose, and galactose. The yield of the polypeptides was 26.2%, and eighty percent of the molecular weight of the antler polypeptides was 1.6 kDa-7kD, among which, the molecular weight of 7kD peptide accounted for 52% of the total. Both polysaccharides and peptides could reduce the activities of TRACP, OCN, ERK1, JNK, and MMP-9 in rat serum and reduce both the protein expression and gene transcription levels of ERK1, JNK, and MMP-9 in rat femur tissue with significant differences compared with the model group. Both extracts exerted significant protective effects on rat femur tissue. The effect of pilose antler polypeptides alone was better than that of polysaccharides either alone or in combination. CONCLUSIONS Pilose antler polysaccharides, polypeptides, and their mixtures could inhibit the occurrence of bone resorption of high turnover osteoporosis by stimulating the MAKP and MMP-9 signaling pathways to reduce the expression of the ERK1, JNK, and MMP-9 genes and proteins, and could help alleviate bone loss caused by retinoic acid. Pilose antler polypeptides had a stronger effect on inhibiting bone resorption. The combination of the two components did not show synergistic enhancement effect, and the polysaccharide tended to moderate the inhibitory enhancement effect of the polypeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, PR China; Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, PR China.
| | - Yun-Feng Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning Shang Yao Science and Technology Development Co. LTD, 117000, PR China.
| | - Hai-Juan Sui
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, PR China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Qiu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, PR China.
| | - Feng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, PR China.
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Mousavi S, Vakili S, Zal F, Savardashtaki A, Jafarinia M, Sabetian S, Razmjoue D, Veisi A, Azadbakht O, Sabaghan M, Behrouj H. Quercetin potentiates the anti-osteoporotic effects of alendronate through modulation of autophagy and apoptosis mechanisms in ovariectomy-induced bone loss rat model. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3693-3703. [PMID: 36829081 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08311-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a bone disease leading to bone fracture and affects 200 million women worldwide. Autophagy and apoptosis are two fundamental mechanisms that are involved in the development of osteoporosis. In this study we aim to investigate the combined effects of quercetin and alendronate on the markers of osteoporosis, autophagy, and apoptosis in the bone of ovariectomized rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized and treated with alendronate alone (5 µg/kg/day) or alendronate (5 µg/kg/day) in combination with quercetin (15 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Then, ELISA, stereological tests, Real-time PCR analysis, and immunofluorescence assay were used to measure the markers of osteoporosis, autophagy, and apoptosis in the serum and tibia of rats. The serum osteocalcin was significantly decreased in ovariectomized rats that received quercetin and alendronate compared with alendronate only. Stereological data showed that except for osteoclasts, the total trabecular volume, bone weight, bone volume, osteocyte, and osteoblast numbers were increased in an ovariectomized group that was treated with quercetin and alendronate compared with alendronate alone. Except for Bcl2, the autophagy markers (Beclin-1 and LC3B) and Caspase-3 were significantly downregulated in ovariectomized rats that received quercetin and alendronate compared with those treated with alendronate alone. CONCLUSION Our results show that quercetin enhances the anti-osteoporotic effects of alendronate, possibly through the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis mechanisms. These findings suggest that the combination of quercetin and alendronate could be a useful therapeutic strategy in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Mousavi
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sina Vakili
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Zal
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Biotechnology Department, School of advanced medical sciences and technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Jafarinia
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Sabetian
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Damoun Razmjoue
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ali Veisi
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Behrouj
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
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Lundberg AP, Tran Hoang C, Billhymer A, Selting KA. Combining radiation therapy with zoledronate for the treatment of osteo-invasive feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:788-796. [PMID: 35561080 PMCID: PMC9796441 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral tumour diagnosed in pet cats and carries a poor prognosis with <10% one-year survival despite multi-modal therapies. Tumours of the mandible or maxilla are frequently osteo-invasive and pain can result from osteolysis. Zoledronate is a bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclasts and reduces bone resorption. Radiation therapy (RT) is used to treat FOSCC due to anti-cancer activity and ability to improve quality of life. We hypothesized RT can be safely combined with zoledronate, and that this combinatory therapy would be efficacious, well tolerated, and result in decreased bone resorption in cats with FOSCC. SCCF1 cell line was treated with zoledronate before, concurrently, or after RT, and clonogenic assays were performed to determine if an optimal dosing schedule would be identified. Nine cats with osteoinvasive FOSCC were recruited for treatment with 4 weekly doses of 8 Gy RT combined with zoledronate administered at the first and fourth treatments. Serial CT scans were performed to assess tumour response. Safety and tolerability were monitored with hematologic and biochemical parameters, and acute radiation effects were characterized. Serum c-telopeptide (CTx) and relative bone mineral density (rBMD) by dual -energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) quantified bone resorption. In vitro studies showed no clear benefit to timing of zoledronate with RT, therefore all zoledronate was administered concurrently with RT in FOSCC patients. Based on tumour volume, 4/9 (44.4%) cats achieved partial remission, 4/9 (44.4%) stable disease and 1/9 (11.1%) had progressive disease. The combinatory therapy was well-tolerated based on biochemical measurements, and all patients experienced decreased serum CTx. Combining RT with zoledronate in tumour-bearing cats is safe, well-tolerated, results in a partial remission rate of up to 44%, and decreases serum CTx, a marker of bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycen P. Lundberg
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Christine Tran Hoang
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA,Veterinary Health Center‐WentzvilleUniversity of Missouri‐ColumbiaWentzvilleMissouriUSA
| | - Audrey Billhymer
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Kim A. Selting
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
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17
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Qu Z, Zhang B, Kong L, Gong Y, Feng M, Gao X, Wang D, Yan L. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand-mediated osteoclastogenesis signaling pathway and related therapeutic natural compounds. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1043975. [PMID: 36438811 PMCID: PMC9683337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclast is a hematopoietic precursor cell derived from the mononuclear macrophage cell line, which is the only cell with bone resorption function. Its abnormal activation can cause serious osteolysis related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Paget’s disease and osteoporosis. In recent years, the adverse effects caused by anabolic anti-osteolytic drugs have increased the interest of researchers in the potential therapeutic and preventive effects of natural plant derivatives and natural compounds against osteolytic diseases caused by osteoclasts. Natural plant derivatives and natural compounds have become major research hotspots for the treatment of osteolysis-related diseases due to their good safety profile and ability to improve bone. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of RANKL and downstream signaling pathways in osteoclast differentiation, and briefly outlines potential natural compounds with antiosteoclast activity and molecular mechanisms.
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18
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Peng CH, Lin WY, Li CY, Dharini KK, Chang CY, Hong JT, Lin MD. Gu Sui Bu (Drynaria fortunei J. Sm.) antagonizes glucocorticoid-induced mineralization reduction in zebrafish larvae by modulating the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115565. [PMID: 35863613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gu Sui Bu (GSB), the dried rhizome of Drynaria fortunei J. Sm., is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating fractures and osteoporosis. Although glucocorticoids are widely prescribed in modern medicine, the efficacy of GSB in treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY GIOP is one of the most prevalent forms of osteoporosis and increases the risk of fracture, which can cause severe complications in elderly people. Safe, efficacious, and cost-effective treatment options for GIOP are thus warranted. The present study investigated the efficacy and mechanism of GSB for treating GIOP. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established an efficient and robust in vivo GIOP model by optimizing zebrafish larvae rearing conditions and the dose and duration of dexamethasone treatment. Bone calcification was evaluated through calcein staining. To quantify the degree of vertebral mineralization in the larvae, we developed a scoring system based on the rate of vertebral calcification; this system reduced quantification errors among individual zebrafish caused by inconsistencies in staining or imaging parameters. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to access the expression levels of genes essential to the differentiation and function of bone cells. High-performance liquid chromatography was employed to identify naringin in the GSB extract. RESULTS GSB significantly reversed the dexamethasone-induced calcification delay in zebrafish larvae. GSB enhanced osteoblast activity by increasing the expression of collagen I, osteopontin, and osteonectin and repressed bone resorption by decreasing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps), including mmp9 and mmp13a. We also identified naringin as one of the constituents of GSB responsible for the herbal extract's anti-GIOP activity. CONCLUSIONS Using the in vivo zebrafish GIOP model that we established, the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines in treating GIOP could be systematically investigated. GSB has an osteogenic effect and may thus be an efficacious and cost-effective treatment option for GIOP. Notably, bone resorption activity was found to be retained after GSB treatment, which would be beneficial for maintaining normal bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Huan Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yu Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Ting Hong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Lin
- Institute of Medical Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan; Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan.
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19
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Shen X, Zhu W, Zhang P, Fu Y, Cheng J, Liu L, Xu R, Jiang H. Macrophage miR-149-5p induction is a key driver and therapeutic target for BRONJ. JCI Insight 2022; 7:159865. [PMID: 35993364 PMCID: PMC9462481 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonate-related (BP-related) osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is one of the severe side effects of administration of BPs, such as zoledronic acid (ZA), which can disrupt the patient’s quality of life. Although the direct target of skeletal vasculature and bone resorption activity by BPs has been phenomenally observed, the underlying mechanism in BRONJ remains largely elusive. Thus, it is urgently necessary to discover effective therapeutic targets based on the multifaceted underlying mechanisms in the development of BRONJ. Here, we determined the inhibitory role of ZA-treated macrophages on osteoclast differentiation and type H vessel formation during tooth extraction socket (TES) healing. Mechanistically, ZA activated the NF-κB signaling pathway and then induced p65 nuclear translocation in macrophages to promote miR-149-5p transcription, resulting in impaired osteoclast differentiation via directly binding to the Traf6 3′-UTR region. Moreover, we identified that miR-149-5p–loaded extracellular vesicles derived from ZA-treated bone marrow–derived macrophages could regulate biological functions of endothelial cells via the Rap1a/Rap1b/VEGFR2 pathway. Furthermore, local administration of chemically modified antagomiR-149-5p was proven to be therapeutically effective in BRONJ mice. In conclusion, our findings illuminate the dual effects of miR-149-5p on skeletal angiogenesis and bone remolding, suggesting it as a promising preventive and therapeutic target for BRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Laikui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
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20
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Zheng L, Zhuang Z, Li Y, Shi T, Fu K, Yan W, Zhang L, Wang P, Li L, Jiang Q. Bone targeting antioxidative nano-iron oxide for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bioact Mater 2022; 14:250-261. [PMID: 35310348 PMCID: PMC8897644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Zaikai Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Yixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Tianshu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Kai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Wenjin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for 3D Bioprinting, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for 3D Bioprinting, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for 3D Bioprinting, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Mock JA, Patel J, Gadre A, Greene S. A Potential Interaction Between Bisphosphonates and Osseointegration of Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid Implants Leading to Late Device Extrusion. Cureus 2022; 14:e27436. [PMID: 36051723 PMCID: PMC9420306 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonate therapy is commonly used to treat patients suffering from osteoporosis due to its clinical effectiveness and its generally benign safety profile; however, osteonecrosis of the jaw is a rare side effect that can occur in some patients. A far less elucidated area of concern is the effect of these medications on osseointegrated implants, which require adequate bone formation to ensure long-term viability of the implant. To date, there are no reports in the otolaryngology literature examining the interplay between osteoporosis, bisphosphonate therapy, and osseointegrated bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHA). In this case report, we describe an osteoporotic patient on bisphosphonates experiencing late bilateral failure of her osseointegrated BAHA implants shortly after starting therapy. Certainly, direct causality cannot be determined from this single report, but the temporal relationship described in this case suggests a potential interaction between bisphosphonate use and delayed failure of the osseointegrated hearing devices. Consequently, otolaryngologists who implant osseointegrated hearing devices should consider offering preoperative counseling to patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy.
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22
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Xie J, Yuan X, Mao W, Cai H, Gao K, Lv Z, Wang H, Ma C. 99Tc-Methylene Diphosphonate Treatment is Safe and Efficacious for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Undergoing TSH Suppression: A Three-Center Non-Randomized Clinical Study. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:995-1005. [PMID: 35283644 PMCID: PMC8906701 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s354471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of 99Tc-methylene diphosphonate (99Tc-MDP) on osteoporosis (OS) in postmenopausal patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) under thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression. Patients and Methods Patients (n = 142) were divided into two groups: (1) 99Tc-MDP (n = 70) and (2) alendronate (n = 72) treatments (NCT 02304757). Bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine and hip was evaluated by DXA, along with bone turnover markers, safety, and quality of life (QOL) using SF-36 at three time points: before treatment and at 6 and/or 12 months after treatment. Results The percentage change of BMD in total lumbar spine or hip showed no significant difference throughout the study (P > 0.025). 99Tc-MDP and alendronate treatment alone significantly increased BMD in the lumbar spine, but alendronate treatment also significantly increased BMD in total hip at 6 and 12 months, as compared with the baseline. There were no significant differences in the results of the SF-36 scores between the two treatment groups at any time during the whole study period. 99Tc-MDP significantly increased bone formation markers of osteocalcin at 6 and 12 months (P all < 0.05), PINP at 12 months (P = 0.001), and bone resorption markers of β-CTX at 6 and 12 months (p < 0.05) as compared with the alendronate treated group. No adverse event was observed in the 99Tc-MDP treatment group compared with alendronate (P = 0.014). Conclusion 99Tc-MDP was as efficacious as alendronate in the improvement of lumbar BMD for DTC patients with OS under TSH stimulation. 99Tc-MDP was shown to be safe and improved patients’ QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedic, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - XueYu Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Mao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haidong Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kejia Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai No. 4 People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhongwei Lv; Chao Ma, Tel/Fax +86-21-66302075, Email ;
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Elias E, Zhang AY, Manners MT. Novel Pharmacological Approaches to the Treatment of Depression. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020196. [PMID: 35207483 PMCID: PMC8879976 DOI: 10.3390/life12020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders. Monoamine-based antidepressants were the first drugs developed to treat major depressive disorder. More recently, ketamine and other analogues were introduced as fast-acting antidepressants. Unfortunately, currently available therapeutics are inadequate; lack of efficacy, adverse effects, and risks leave patients with limited treatment options. Efforts are now focused on understanding the etiology of depression and identifying novel targets for pharmacological treatment. In this review, we discuss promising novel pharmacological targets for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Targeting receptors including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, G-protein-coupled receptor 39, metabotropic glutamate receptors, galanin and opioid receptors has potential antidepressant effects. Compounds targeting biological processes: inflammation, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, and gut microbiota have also shown therapeutic potential. Additionally, natural products including plants, herbs, and fatty acids improved depressive symptoms and behaviors. In this review, a brief history of clinically available antidepressants will be provided, with a primary focus on novel pharmaceutical approaches with promising antidepressant effects in preclinical and clinical studies.
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24
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Qu X, Sun Z, Wang Y, Ong HS. Zoledronic acid promotes osteoclasts ferroptosis by inhibiting FBXO9-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12510. [PMID: 35003915 PMCID: PMC8684721 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs)-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication of the long-term administration of BPs. The development of BRONJ is associated with the cell death of osteoclasts, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the current study, the role of Zoledronic acid (ZA), a kind of bisphosphonates, in suppressing the growth of osteoclasts was investigated and its underlying mechanism was explored. The role of ZA in regulating osteoclasts function was evaluated in the RANKL-induced cell model. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and fluorescein diacetate (FDA)-staining. We confirmed that ZA treatment suppressed cell viability of osteoclasts. Furthermore, ZA treatment led to osteoclasts death by facilitating osteoclasts ferroptosis, as evidenced by increased Fe2+, ROS, and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level, and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione (GSH) level. Next, the gene expression profiles of alendronate- and risedronate-treated osteoclasts were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset, and 18 differentially expressed genes were identified using venn diagram analysis. Among these 18 genes, the expression of F-box protein 9 (FBXO9) was inhibited by ZA treatment. Knockdown of FBXO9 resulted in osteoclasts ferroptosis. More important, FBXO9 overexpression repressed the effect of ZA on regulating osteoclasts ferroptosis. Mechanistically, FBXO9 interacted with p53 and decreased the protein stability of p53. Collectively, our study showed that ZA induced osteoclast cells ferroptosis by triggering FBXO9-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhou Qu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, SH, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqi Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, SH, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, SH, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shan Ong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, SH, Shanghai, China
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25
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Kosaka Y, Sugiyama T, Hara K, Kobayashi Y. Adherence to Daily, Weekly, and Monthly Dosing Regimens of Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis Treatment in Postmenopausal Women in Japan: A Retrospective Study Using Claims Data. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 255:147-155. [PMID: 34690222 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.255.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Poor medication adherence of osteoporosis patients is a major global medical problem because of its negative impact on health outcomes and quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate how differences in dosing regimens influence adherence to oral bisphosphonates using data from a large health insurance provider in Japan. This was a retrospective observational study using claims data obtained between October 2012 and January 2018, from the community-based National Health Insurance program of a large city in Japan. The data included in the analysis were obtained from women 60 to 74 years old whose oral bisphosphonate prescription was detected between April 2013 and February 2017. Treatment adherence was monitored from the initial prescription for one year, i.e., up to January 2018. Primary comparisons among the daily-dosing, weekly-dosing, and monthly-dosing groups were based on the mean medication possession ratio (MPR). Data from a total of 3,958 patients were analyzed. The numbers of patients aged 60-64, 65-69, and 70-74 were 425, 1,400, and 2,133, respectively. The highest mean MPR was 69.4% for the monthly-dosing of bisphosphonates, followed by the weekly-dosing at 63.5%, and daily-dosing at 57.2%. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn-Bonferroni correction, there were significant differences in mean MPR for daily versus weekly (p < 0.01), daily versus monthly (p < 0.001), and weekly versus monthly dosing regimens (p < 0.05). These results suggest significantly more patients adhere to a monthly or weekly regimen of bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis than to a daily regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kosaka
- Biometrics Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation
| | - Takehiro Sugiyama
- Diabetes and Metabolism Information Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Konan Hara
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yasuki Kobayashi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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26
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Stevens Z, Hellig J. Breast cancer therapy and bone. Climacteric 2021; 25:67-72. [PMID: 34431442 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1965117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. The estrogen deprivation associated with therapies used to treat this disease may result in significant loss of bone density and a consequent increase in fracture risk. Anti-resorptive osteoporosis therapies (bisphosphonates and the inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand [RANKL] denosumab) play an important role in the mitigation of cancer therapy-induced bone loss (CTIBL), and may function as adjuvant therapy in moderate to high-risk breast cancer to prevent disease recurrence. Various international guidelines have delineated treatment thresholds based on both bone density assessment and clinical risk factors for CTIBL. The role of these bone-targeted therapies as adjuvant anti-cancer treatment is evolving. Currently, evidence supports the use of the bisphosphonates, zoledronic acid and clodronate, in this setting. Unfortunately, a focus on bone health in women with breast cancer is often not prioritized, leaving this group vulnerable to significant bone loss and subsequent fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Stevens
- Department of Endocrinology, Christiaan Barnard Memorial Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J Hellig
- Department of Endocrinology, Kingsbury Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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27
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Peng CH, Lin WY, Yeh KT, Chen IH, Wu WT, Lin MD. The molecular etiology and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Tzu Chi Med J 2021; 33:212-223. [PMID: 34386357 PMCID: PMC8323641 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_233_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis, accounting for 20% of osteoporosis diagnoses. Using glucocorticoids for >6 months leads to osteoporosis in 50% of patients, resulting in an increased risk of fracture and death. Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts work together to maintain bone homeostasis. When bone formation and resorption are out of balance, abnormalities in bone structure or function may occur. Excess glucocorticoids disrupt the bone homeostasis by promoting osteoclast formation and prolonging osteoclasts' lifespan, leading to an increase in bone resorption. On the other hand, glucocorticoids inhibit osteoblasts' formation and facilitate apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes, resulting in a reduction of bone formation. Several signaling pathways, signaling modulators, endocrines, and cytokines are involved in the molecular etiology of GIOP. Clinically, adults ≥40 years of age using glucocorticoids chronically with a high fracture risk are considered to have medical intervention. In addition to vitamin D and calcium tablet supplementations, the major therapeutic options approved for GIOP treatment include antiresorption drug bisphosphonates, parathyroid hormone N-terminal fragment teriparatide, and the monoclonal antibody denosumab. The selective estrogen receptor modulator can only be used under specific condition for postmenopausal women who have GIOP but fail to the regular GIOP treatment or have specific therapeutic contraindications. In this review, we focus on the molecular etiology of GIOP and the molecular pharmacology of the therapeutic drugs used for GIOP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Huan Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ting Yeh
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Ho Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tien Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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28
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Sheu SY, Hsu YK, Chuang MH, Chu CM, Lin PC, Liao JH, Lin SZ, Kuo TF. Enhanced Bone Formation in Osteoporotic Mice by a Novel Transplant Combined with Adipose-derived Stem Cells and Platelet-rich Fibrin Releasates. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720927398. [PMID: 32648485 PMCID: PMC7563809 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720927398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture is the main complication of osteoporosis (OP) and accounts for millions of injuries annually. Local intervention by intra-marrow injection has been a good option for preventing osteoporotic bone loss when the osteoporotic femoral fracture has been treated. In this study, tail vein transplantations were examined to evaluate the cell-based therapeutic approach for treating OP with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and platelet-rich fibrin releasates (PRFr) in an ovariectomized (OVX) mice model. Thirty-six 12-wk-old female ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: untreated control; sham-operated; OVX-control; OVX-ADSCs; OVX-PRFr; and OVX-ADSCs+PRFr. Starting 8 wk after ovariectomy, the OVX mice received tail vein injections once each week for four consecutive weeks, then were evaluated radiographically and histopathologically 8 wk after the first injection. We also assessed changes to bone trabeculae in the proximal tibial growth plate. In OVX mice treated with ADSCs or PRFr alone, or with a combination of ADSCs and PRFr, the trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume ratios (BV/TV), and numbers (Tb.N) in the proximal tibia areas were significantly higher than that in the OVX-control group. Significant differences between OVX-treated mice and OVX controls were found for trabecular separation, but not for trabecular thickness. These results indicate that ADSCs or PRFr treatment enhances bone microarchitecture in OP. The treatment of bone loss of OVX mice with ADSCs+PRFr induced greater bone consolidation with bone tissue production (P < 0.01) when compared to the others. Thus, we conclude that the transplantation of ADSCs combined with PRFr might provide an alternative strategy for the treatment of various bone disorders in OP with an unlimited source of cells and releasates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kai Hsu
- Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hao Liao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi foundation; Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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29
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Samal S, Dash P, Dash M. Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3509-3540. [PMID: 34045855 PMCID: PMC8149288 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s307843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of bone-related disorders is causing a burden on the clinical scenario. Even though bone is one of the tissues that possess tremendous regenerative potential, certain bone anomalies need therapeutic intervention through appropriate delivery of a drug. Among several nanosystems and biologics that offer the potential to contribute towards bone healing, the exosomes from the class of extracellular vesicles are outstanding. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that, apart from the various advantages, are standing out of the crowd for their ability to conduct cellular communication. The internal cargo of the exosomes is leading to its potential use in therapeutics. Exosomes are being unraveled in terms of the mechanism as well as application in targeting various diseases and tissues. Through this review, we have tried to understand and review all that is already established and the gap areas that still exist in utilizing them as drug delivery vehicles targeting the bone. The review highlights the potential of the exosomes towards their contribution to the drug delivery scenario in the bone microenvironment. A comparison of the pros and cons of exosomes with other prevalent drug delivery systems is also done. A section on the patents that have been generated so far from this field is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasmita Samal
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Pratigyan Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Mamoni Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
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30
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Almohaileb FI, Rasheed Z. Comparing the efficacies of bisphosphonates' therapies for osteoporosis persistence and compliance: A Systematic Review. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:274-284. [PMID: 33855941 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666210414100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disorder worldwide. This review was undertaken to compare the efficacies of bisphosphonates therapies for patient persistence and compliance for the treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS A systematic review was performed in accordance with the available reporting items. MEDLINE and Cochrane library databases were applied for literature searched up to January 2020. All major studies such as prospective, retrospective and reviews articles that examined patient persistence or compliance to bisphosphonates for osteoporosis were included. RESULTS Literature search found 656 relevant published reports, out of which 87 were included. The 10,712,176 osteoporotic patients were studied for patient persistence and 5,875,718 patients were studied for patient compliances. Analysis of all studied bisphosphonates showed almost similar patterns for patient persistence rates as it was decreased over the time following initial prescription but persistence length was found to be significantly high for alendronate therapy as compared to the other studied bisphosphonates (p<0.001), whereas the length of persistence of all other bisphosphonates (other than alendronate) were almost same (p>0.05). Analysis of patient compliances with etidronate therapy showed the highest percent medication possession ratio (MRP) at 12 months, followed by the MRPs of ibandronate, alendronate, risedronate, and clodronate. CONCLUSIONS This is the first systematic review that shows the comparison of the efficiencies of bisphosphonates for patient persistence and compliance for the treatment of osteoporosis. The data showed that the length of patient persistence was highest for alendronate therapy, whereas patient compliance was highest for etidronate therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal I Almohaileb
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Vertesich K, Sosa BR, Niu Y, Ji G, Suhardi V, Turajane K, Mun S, Xu R, Windhager R, Park-Min KH, Greenblatt MB, Bostrom MP, Yang X. Alendronate enhances osseointegration in a murine implant model. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:719-726. [PMID: 32915488 PMCID: PMC8672942 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Administration of bisphosphonates following total joint arthroplasty might be beneficial to reduce aseptic loosening. However, their effects on peri-implant bone formation and bone-implant interface strength have not been investigated yet. We used a physiologically loaded mouse implant model to investigate the short-term effects of postoperative systemic alendronate on osseointegration. A titanium implant with a rough surface was inserted in the proximal tibiae of 17-week-old female C57BL/6 mice (n = 44). Postimplantation mice were given alendronate (73 μg/kg/days, n = 22) or vehicle (n = 22) 5 days/week. At 7- and 14-day postimplantation, histology and histomorphometry were conducted. At 28 days, microcomputed tomography and biomechanical testing were performed (n = 10/group). Postoperative alendronate treatment enhanced osseointegration, increasing maximum pullout load by 45% (p < .001) from 19.1 ± 4.5 N in the control mice to 27.6 ± 4.9 N in the treated mice, at day 28 postimplantation. Alendronate treatment increased the bone volume fraction by 139% (p < .001) in the region distal to the implant and 60% (p < .05) in the peri-implant region. At 14-day postimplantation, alendronate treatment decreased the number of osteoclasts per bone perimeter (p < .05) and increased bone volume fraction (p < .01) when compared with the control group. Postimplantation, short-term alendronate treatment enhanced osseointegration as demonstrated by increased bone mass, trabecular bone thickness, and maximum pullout load. Alendronate decreased peri-implant osteoclasts while preserving peri-implant osteoblasts and endothelial cells, in turn, increasing bone volume fraction. This data supports the postoperative clinical use of bisphosphonates, especially in patients with high risks of aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Vertesich
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branden R. Sosa
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yingzhen Niu
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA,Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Gang Ji
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA,Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Vincentius Suhardi
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen Turajane
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sehwan Mun
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ren Xu
- Regulation of Bone Mass Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Reinhard Windhager
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kyung Hyun Park-Min
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA,Regulation of Bone Mass Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Mathias P. Bostrom
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA,Regulation of Bone Mass Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xu Yang
- Arthroplasty Research Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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32
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Aboughanima A. Risk of spontaneous vertebral fracture during bisphosphonates drug holiday. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43166-020-00027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bisphosphonates are the most common treatment for osteoporosis with confirmed efficacy. However, less information is available on prolonged use. This study was performed to examine the risk of osteoporotic vertebral fractures during bisphosphonates holiday and estimate its predictors.
Results
Forty-two patients completed 2-year fracture-free holiday; 7 had spontaneous vertebral fracture. Among baseline characteristics, age was significantly higher in fracture group (69.99 ± 3.62 vs. 75.37 ± 3.81; P value 0.007); other factors were comparable. Longitudinal changes analysis showed that only alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increment had significant group over time interaction (P value 0.002). The difference between baseline and clinical end-point serum collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptid (CTX) was significant in both fracture and non-fracture groups, whereas femoral neck and total hip BMD decline was significant in fracture group only. Multivariate analysis showed that only age (OR, 1.43; p, 0.011) and history of previous fractures (OR, 13.59; p, 0.044) are significant predictors of vertebral fractures.
Conclusions
These results suggest that older age and history of previous fracture should be considered as risk factors for vertebral fractures during bisphosphonates holiday. Furthermore, femoral neck and total hip BMD decline could be related to vertebral fractures. By the same token, overt increase of ALP and CTX could be an indicator of fracture occurrence.
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Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue with a quarter of the trabecular and a fifth of the cortical bone being replaced continuously each year in a complex process that continues throughout an individual's lifetime. Bone has an important role in homeostasis of minerals with non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite bone mineral forming the inorganic phase of bone. Due to its crystal structure and chemistry, hydroxyapatite (HA) and related apatites have a remarkable ability to bind molecules. This review article describes the accretion of trace elements in bone mineral giving a historical perspective. Implanted HA particles of synthetic origin have proved to be an efficient recruiting moiety for systemically circulating drugs which can locally biomodulate the material and lead to a therapeutic effect. Bone mineral and apatite however also act as a waste dump for trace elements and drugs, which significantly affects the environment and human health. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(10):709-718.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - K Elizabeth Tanner
- School of Engineering and Materials Science and Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Atesok K, Stippler M, Striano BM, Xiong G, Lindsey M, Cappellucci E, Psilos A, Richter S, Heffernan MJ, Theiss S, Papavassiliou E. Bisphosphonates and parathyroid hormone analogs for improving bone quality in spinal fusion: State of evidence. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2020; 12:8590. [PMID: 32922704 PMCID: PMC7461648 DOI: 10.4081/or.2020.8590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal fusion is among the most commonly performed surgical procedures for elderly patients with spinal disorders - including degenerative disc disease with spondylolisthesis, deformities, and trauma. With the large increase in the aging population and the prevalence of osteoporosis, the number of elderly osteoporotic patients needing spinal fusion has risen dramatically. Due to reduced bone quality, postoperative complications such as implant failures, fractures, post-junctional kyphosis, and pseudarthrosis are more commonly seen after spinal fusion in osteoporotic patients. Therefore, pharmacologic treatment strategies to improve bone quality are commonly pursued in osteoporotic cases before conducting spinal fusions. The two most commonly used pharmacotherapeutics are bisphosphonates and parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogs. Evidence indicates that using bisphosphonates and PTH analogs, alone or in combination, in osteoporotic patients undergoing spinal fusion, decreases complication rates and improves clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed to develop guidelines for the administration of bisphosphonates and PTH analogs in osteoporotic spinal fusion patients in terms of treatment duration, potential benefits of sequential use, and the selection of either therapeutic agents based on patient characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kivanc Atesok
- Children's Hospital New Orleans/LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA.,Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery
| | - Martina Stippler
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery
| | | | - Grace Xiong
- Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, MA
| | | | - Elysia Cappellucci
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery
| | - Alexandra Psilos
- Children's Hospital New Orleans/LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Sven Richter
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery
| | | | - Steven Theiss
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Aoki S, Shimizu K, Ito K. Autophagy-dependent mitochondrial function regulates osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:874-880. [PMID: 32430180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is maintained by bone remodeling, which involves continuous bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Dysregulation of bone turnover, caused by osteoclast overactivation, causes destructive bone diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of osteoclast differentiation and activation are unclear. Herein, we examined the role of autophagy in the maintenance of osteoclast differentiation and maturation. We used in vitro and in vivo assays to evaluate relationships between mitochondrial activity and autophagy during osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Our results indicate that autophagy was enhanced during osteoclast differentiation and maturation, and autophagic activity was positively correlated with osteoclast activity and survival. Maintenance of mitochondrial function, which is critical during osteoclast differentiation and maturation, was controlled by autophagy. Continuous exposure of osteoclasts to glucocorticoids upregulated autophagic processes. Treatment with the autophagic inhibitor chloroquine suppressed prolonged survival of activated osteoclasts and attenuated excessive osteoclast activity. Our study shows that autophagy-dependent mitochondrial function plays an important role in osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Elucidating the mechanisms regulating autophagic activity in osteoclasts, and developing bone-tissue-specific inhibitors of autophagy, will lead to improved understanding of the pathologies involved in destructive bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Aoki
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Kengo Shimizu
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kousei Ito
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
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Ying ZM, Hu B, Yan SG. Oral Bisphosphonate Therapy for Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Six Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials. Orthop Surg 2020; 12:1293-1303. [PMID: 32589343 PMCID: PMC7454147 DOI: 10.1111/os.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of oral bisphosphonates in increasing bone mineral density (BMD), reducing fractures, and improving clinical function in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Methods Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were randomized controlled trials of directly comparing oral bisphosphonate therapy with placebo‐group in OI patients. Data synthesis regarding to bone mineral density as measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA), decreased fracture incidence, change in biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism, bone histology, growth, bone pain, quality of life, and others were assessed, and meta‐analysis done when possible. Results From 98 potential references and six randomized controlled studies a total of 263 participants receiving oral bisphosphonates and 143 placebo treatments contributed data to meta‐analysis. Pooled meta‐analysis of three studies suggested that there was significant difference between bisphosphonate treated group and placebo in number of patients with at least one fracture (mean difference 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.32–0.89, P = 0.02). Pooled meta‐analysis of two studies suggested that significant difference was noted between bisphosphonate treated group and placebo in mean percentage change in spine BMD (T‐score) (mean difference 28.43, 95% confidence interval 7.09‐49.77, P = 0.009). The similar effect was shown in the term of mean change (Z‐score) in spine BMD. Conclusions Significant improvement in lumbar areal BMD in patients affected with OI has been shown when treated with oral bisphosphonates, even though only a small population was enrolled. We cannot draw a definite conclusion that the increase in BMD can be translated into fracture reduction and clinical functional improvement. The optimal method, dose, type, initiation, and duration of oral bisphosphonates therapy still remains unclear. Well‐designed, adequately‐powered, placebo‐controlled RCTs investigating the effects of oral bisphosphonates on fractures reduction and improvement in quality of life in both children and adults are studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Ying
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shi-Gui Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Surface LE, Burrow DT, Li J, Park J, Kumar S, Lyu C, Song N, Yu Z, Rajagopal A, Bae Y, Lee BH, Mumm S, Gu CC, Baker JC, Mohseni M, Sum M, Huskey M, Duan S, Bijanki VN, Civitelli R, Gardner MJ, McAndrew CM, Ricci WM, Gurnett CA, Diemer K, Wan F, Costantino CL, Shannon KM, Raje N, Dodson TB, Haber DA, Carette JE, Varadarajan M, Brummelkamp TR, Birsoy K, Sabatini DM, Haller G, Peterson TR. ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaav9166. [PMID: 32434850 PMCID: PMC7882121 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav9166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions written annually. Recently, widespread use of N-BPs has been challenged due to the risk of rare but traumatic side effects such as atypical femoral fracture (AFF) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). N-BPs bind to and inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase, resulting in defects in protein prenylation. Yet, it remains poorly understood what other cellular factors might allow N-BPs to exert their pharmacological effects. Here, we performed genome-wide studies in cells and patients to identify the poorly characterized gene, ATRAID Loss of ATRAID function results in selective resistance to N-BP-mediated loss of cell viability and the prevention of alendronate-mediated inhibition of prenylation. ATRAID is required for alendronate inhibition of osteoclast function, and ATRAID-deficient mice have impaired therapeutic responses to alendronate in both postmenopausal and senile (old age) osteoporosis models. Last, we performed exome sequencing on patients taking N-BPs that suffered ONJ or an AFF. ATRAID is one of three genes that contain rare nonsynonymous coding variants in patients with ONJ or an AFF that is also differentially expressed in poor outcome groups of patients treated with N-BPs. We functionally validated this patient variation in ATRAID as conferring cellular hypersensitivity to N-BPs. Our work adds key insight into the mechanistic action of N-BPs and the processes that might underlie differential responsiveness to N-BPs in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Surface
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Damon T Burrow
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jinmei Li
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jiwoong Park
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cheng Lyu
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Niki Song
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Abbhirami Rajagopal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yangjin Bae
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brendan H Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven Mumm
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles C Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8067, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan C Baker
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mahshid Mohseni
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Melissa Sum
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Health, 530 1st Ave., Schwartz 5E., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Margaret Huskey
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shenghui Duan
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vinieth N Bijanki
- Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Roberto Civitelli
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael J Gardner
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Chris M McAndrew
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 4938 Parkview Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - William M Ricci
- Hospital for Special Surgery Main Campus-Belaire Building, 525 East 71st Street 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Christina A Gurnett
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 4938 Parkview Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathryn Diemer
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fei Wan
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 4590 Children's Place, Suite 9600, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christina L Costantino
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kristen M Shannon
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Noopur Raje
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Thomas B Dodson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Jan E Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Malini Varadarajan
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, CA 02140, USA
| | - Thijn R Brummelkamp
- Oncode Institute, Division of Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Cancer Genomics Center, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kivanc Birsoy
- The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David M Sabatini
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Whitehead Institute, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Center for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gabe Haller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8057, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy R Peterson
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave. Campus Box 8232, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, 600 S. Taylor Suite 2400, Campus Box 8217, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Xiang LX, Ran Q, Chen L, Xiang Y, Li FJ, Zhang XM, Xiao YN, Zou LY, Zhong JF, Li SC, Li ZJ. CR6-interacting factor-1 contributes to osteoclastogenesis by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand after radiation. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:222-240. [PMID: 32266053 PMCID: PMC7118287 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i3.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation induces rapid bone loss and enhances bone resorption and adipogenesis, leading to an increased risk of bone fracture. There is still a lack of effective preventive or therapeutic method for irradiation-induced bone injury. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) provides the crucial signal to induce osteoclast differentiation and plays an important role in bone resorption. However, the mechanisms of radiation-induced osteoporosis are not fully understood.
AIM To investigate the role of CR6-interacting factor-1 (Crif1) in osteoclastogenesis after radiation and its possible mechanism.
METHODS C57BL/6 mice were exposed to Co-60 gamma rays and received 5 Gy of whole-body sublethal irradiation at a rate of 0.69 Gy/min. For in vitro study, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) were irradiated with Co-60 at a single dose of 9 Gy. For osteoclast induction, monocyte-macrophage RAW264.7 cells were cocultured with mouse BM-MSCs for 7 d. ClusPro and InterProSurf were used to investigate the interaction interface in Crif1 and protein kinase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-activited catalytic subunit alpha complex. Virtual screening using 462608 compounds from the Life Chemicals database around His120 of Crif1 was carried out using the program Autodock_vina. A tetrazolium salt (WST-8) assay was carried out to study the toxicity of compounds to different cells, including human BM-MSCs, mouse BM-MSCs, and Vero cells.
RESULTS Crif1 expression increased in bone marrow cells after radiation in mice. Overexpression of Crif1 in mouse BM-MSCs and radiation exposure could increase RANKL secretion and promote osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Deletion of Crif1 in BM-MSCs could reduce both adipogenesis and RANKL expression, resulting in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Deletion of Crif1 in RAW264.7 cells did not affect the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB expression or osteoclast differentiation. Following treatment with protein kinase A (PKA) agonist (forskolin) and inhibitor (H-89) in mouse BM-MSCs, Crif1 induced RANKL secretion via the cAMP/PKA pathway. Moreover, we identified the Crif1-protein kinase cyclic adenosine monophosphate-activited catalytic subunit alpha interaction interface by in silico studies and shortlisted interface inhibitors through virtual screening on Crif1. Five compounds dramatically suppressed RANKL secretion and adipogenesis by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA pathway.
CONCLUSION Crif1 promotes RANKL expression via the cAMP/PKA pathway, which induces osteoclastogenesis by binding to receptor activator of nuclear factor κB on monocytes-macrophages in the mouse model. These results suggest a role for Crif1 in modulating osteoclastogenesis and provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis for radiation-induced bone injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Qian Ran
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Li Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Feng-Jie Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yan-Ni Xiao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Ling-Yun Zou
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- CHOC Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, United States
| | - Zhong-Jun Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
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Mariscal G, Nuñez JH, Bhatia S, Barrios C, Domenech-Fernández P. Safety of Romosozumab in Osteoporotic Men and Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2020; 39:29-36. [PMID: 32195618 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2019.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin is a protein synthesized mainly by osteocytes whose function is to inhibit bone formation. A recent monoclonal antibody, Romosozumab, is able to block sclerostin. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the safety of Romosozumab with placebo and alendronate. Five randomized controlled trials that described the safety of Romosozumab in healthy men and postmenopausal women were analyzed. The measures to be compared were the number of adverse events and the number of serious adverse events. Specific results included injection site reaction, arthralgia, nasopharyngitis, and back pain. A total of 11,741 patients were included in this meta-analysis, in three different groups: Romosozumab, alendronate, and placebo. Significant differences were seen between the groups with regard to injection site reaction: 5.88% in the Romosozumab group versus 3.62% in the placebo group (Mantel-Haenszel [M-H] 1.54, confidence interval [95% CI] 1.22-1.96; p < 0.001) and 2.62% in the alendronate group (M-H 1.8, 95% CI 1.32-2.60; p < 0.001). In addition, patients treated with Romosozumab had significantly fewer total adverse events than the alendronate group (M-H 0.85, 95% CI 0.74-0.98; p < 0.05). In conclusion, Romosozumab may have lower adverse effects compared to alendronate and comparable to a placebo, except injection site reactions. Injection site reactions were more with romosozumab compared to alendronate and compared to the placebo as well. Romosozumab appears to have a similar safety profile to bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Mariscal
- Institute for Research on Musculoskeletal Disorders, Valencia Catholic University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge H Nuñez
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.,Spine Unit, Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital of Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Sanjay Bhatia
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Carlos Barrios
- Institute for Research on Musculoskeletal Disorders, Valencia Catholic University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Domenech-Fernández
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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40
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West TA, Pollard JD, Chandra M, Hui RL, Weintraub MAR, King CM, Grimsrud CD, Lo JC. The Epidemiology of Metatarsal Fractures Among Older Females With Bisphosphonate Exposure. J Foot Ankle Surg 2020; 59:269-273. [PMID: 32130989 PMCID: PMC7831749 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BP) are used to treat osteoporosis, although rare atypical femur fractures have occurred with long-term exposure, especially among Asians. Metatarsal fractures have also been reported with atypical femur fracture. We examined the epidemiology of metatarsal fractures among 48,390 females aged ≥50 years who initiated oral BP and were followed for a median 7.7 years, including 68 females who experienced an atypical femur fracture. Incident metatarsal fractures after BP initiation were identified by clinical diagnoses and validated by record review. The association of BP, clinical risk factors, race/ethnicity, and metatarsal fracture was examined by using Cox proportional hazard analyses. Among 1123 females with incident metatarsal fracture, 61.0% had an isolated fifth metatarsal fracture. The incidence of metatarsal fracture was 312 per 100,000 person-years of follow-up and was substantially lower for Asians. The adjusted relative rate for metatarsal fractures was 0.5 (95% confidence interval 0.4 to 0.6) for Asians compared with whites. Younger age, prior fracture, other risk factors, and current BP were associated with an increased relative rate of metatarsal fracture, but BP duration was not. Females with atypical femur fracture were not more likely to experience metatarsal fracture (2.9% versus 2.3%, p = .7), but only 68 females had an atypical fracture and stress fracture of the metatarsals was not examined. Except for age, the demographic profile for metatarsal fracture after initiating BP was similar to that for osteoporotic fracture, with Asians at a much lower risk. Although metatarsal fractures were not associated with BP duration or atypical femur fracture, the subset of metatarsal stress fractures was not specifically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenaya A. West
- Department of Podiatric Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, 3600 Broadway Avenue, Oakland, CA, 94611, United States
| | - Jason D. Pollard
- Department of Podiatric Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, 3600 Broadway Avenue, Oakland, CA, 94611, United States
| | - Malini Chandra
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States
| | - Rita L. Hui
- Pharmacy Outcomes Research Group, Kaiser Permanente California, 1800 Harrison Street, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States
| | - Miranda A. Ritterman Weintraub
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, 3600 Broadway Avenue, Oakland, CA, 94611, United States
| | - Christy M King
- Department of Podiatric Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, 3600 Broadway Avenue, Oakland, CA, 94611, United States
| | - Christopher D. Grimsrud
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center; 3600 Broadway Avenue, Oakland, CA, 94611, United States
| | - Joan C. Lo
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612, United States
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Lee KH, Kim SH, Kim CH, Min BJ, Kim GJ, Lim Y, Kim HS, Ahn KM, Kim JH. Identifying genetic variants underlying medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer and osteoporosis: a case control study. J Transl Med 2019; 17:381. [PMID: 31747953 PMCID: PMC6868688 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) presents with a typical pattern of jaw necrosis in patients who have been prescribed bisphosphonates (BPs) and other antiangiogenetic drugs to treat osteoporosis or bone-related complications of cancer. Methods This study divided 38 patients with BRONJ into two groups according to the prescribing causes: cancer (n = 13) and osteoporosis (n = 25), and underwent whole exome sequencing and compared them with normal controls (n = 90). To identify candidate genes and variants, we conducted three analyses: a traditional genetic model, gene-wise variant score burden, and rare-variant analysis methods. Results The stop-gain mutation (rs117889746) of the PZP gene in the BRONJ cancer group was significantly identified in the additive trend model analysis. In the cancer group, ARIDS, HEBP1, LTBP1, and PLVAP were identified as candidate genes. In the osteoporosis group, VEGFA, DFFA, and FAM193A genes showed a significant association. No significant genes were identified in the rare-variant analysis pipeline. Biologically accountable functions related to BRONJ occurrence-angiogenesis-related signaling (VEGFA and PLVAP genes), TGF-β signaling (LTBP1 and PZP genes), heme toxicity (HEBP1) and osteoblast maturation (ARIDS)-were shown in candidate genes. Conclusion This study showed that the candidate causative genes contributing to the development of BRONJ differ according to the BP dose and background disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye Hwa Lee
- Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, South Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.,Department of Dentistry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyen Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Byung Joo Min
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Grace Juyun Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Younggyun Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hun-Sung Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Ahn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, South Korea. .,Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Parrondo RD, Sher T. Prevention Of Skeletal Related Events In Multiple Myeloma: Focus On The RANK-L Pathway In The Treatment Of Multiple Myeloma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8467-8478. [PMID: 31686861 PMCID: PMC6798817 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s192490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 90% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have osteolytic bone lesions which increase the risk of skeletal-related events (SRE). The cytokine milieu in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) of MM plays a key role in myeloma bone disease by impairing the balance between osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. This is orchestrated by the malignant plasma cell (MPC) with the ultimate outcome of MPC proliferation and survival at the expense of excess osteoclast activation resulting in osteolytic bone lesions. Prevention of SRE is currently accomplished by the inhibition of osteoclasts. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are pyrophosphate analogues that cause apoptosis of osteoclasts and have been proven to prevent and delay SRE. Denosumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that binds and inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB ligand (RANKL), a key molecule in the BMME crucial for osteoclastogenesis, is also approved for the prevention of SRE in MM. The addition of BPs and denosumab to standard MM treatment affords a survival benefit for patients with MM. Specifically, the addition of denosumab to standard MM treatments results in superior PFS compared to BPs, highlighting the key role of the RANKL pathway in MM. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of myeloma bone disease as well as on the importance of targeting the RANK-L pathway for the treatment of MM and prevention of SRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D Parrondo
- Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Taimur Sher
- Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Asadipooya K, Weinstock A. Cardiovascular Outcomes of Romosozumab and Protective Role of Alendronate. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1343-1350. [PMID: 31242037 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases are major public health issues. Bone and cardiovascular remodeling share multiple biological markers and pathways. Medical intervention, such as using romosozumab, an antisclerostin antibody, improves the clinical outcome of osteoporosis. However, blocking sclerostin leads to Wnt (wingless/integrated) activation and participation in the cardiovascular remodeling process, which could potentially lead to adverse events. Based on the opposing roles of bisphosphonates and the Wnt pathway on endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumulation and calcification of the vessel walls, the combination of romosozumab and bisphosphonates could be a new therapeutic approach to reducing the risks of adverse cardiovascular events in romosozumab receivers. Visual Overview- An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Asadipooya
- From the Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (K.A.)
| | - Ada Weinstock
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Cell Biology, and the Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York (A.W.)
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Niaei N, Samadi A, Hamishehkar H, Ghorbani M. Development of terbium-sensitized fluorescence method for the determination of alendronate in biological samples followed by magnetic solid-phase extraction. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Thu HE, Hussain Z, Mohamed IN, Shuid AN. Eurycoma longifolia, a promising suppressor of RANKL-induced differentiation and activation of osteoclasts: An in vitro mechanistic evaluation. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 10:102-110. [PMID: 30120052 PMCID: PMC6598823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) has gained remarkable recognition due to its promising efficacy of stimulating bone formation in androgen-deficient osteoporosis. Numerous in vivo studies have explored the effects of E. longifolia on osteoporosis; however, the in vitro cellular mechanism was not discovered yet. Objectives The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of E. longifolia on the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts and the translational mechanism of inhibition of osteoclastogenesis using RAW 264.7 cells as an in vitro osteoclastic model. Materials and methods Having assessed cytotoxicity, the cell viability, cell proliferation rate and osteoclastic differentiation capacity of E. longifolia was investigated by evaluating the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclasts. Taken together, the time-mannered expression of osteoclast-related protein biomarkers such as matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), cathepsin-K, TRAP, nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), superoxide (free radicals) generation and superoxide dismutase activity were also measured to comprehend the mechanism of osteoclastogenesis. Results E. longifolia did not show significant effects on cytotoxicity and cell proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells; however, a significant inhibition of cells differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts was observed. Moreover, a significant down-regulation of RANKL-induced TRAP activity and expression of MMP-9, cathepsin-K, TRAP, NFATc1 and generation of superoxide and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity was observed in E. longifolia treated cell cultures. Conclusion We anticipated that E. longifolia that enhances bone regeneration on the one hand and suppresses osteoclast’s maturation on the other hand may have great therapeutic value in treating osteoporosis and other bone-erosive diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and metastasis associated with bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hnin Ei Thu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Jalan Yaacob Latif 56000, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Jalan Yaacob Latif 56000, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Nazrun Shuid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Jalan Yaacob Latif 56000, Cheras, Malaysia.
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Wang FS, Wu RW, Lain WS, Tsai TC, Chen YS, Sun YC, Ke HJ, Li JC, Hwang J, Ko JY. Sclerostin vaccination mitigates estrogen deficiency induction of bone mass loss and microstructure deterioration. Bone 2018; 112:24-34. [PMID: 29653294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sclerostin (SOST) is a Wnt signaling inhibitor detrimental to osteogenic differentiation and bone mineral acquisition. While control of SOST action delays the pathogenesis of skeletal disorders, the effects of SOST vaccination on the estrogen deficiency-induced bone deterioration remain elusive. In this study, we generated a SOST-Fc fusion protein which was composed of a SOST peptide Pro-Asn-Ala-Ile-Gly along with an IgG Fc fragment. SOST-Fc vaccination increased serum anti-SOST antibody levels and reduced serum SOST concentrations in mice. In vitro, anti-SOST serum attenuated the SOST-induced inhibition of osteogenic gene expression in osteoblast cultures. Administration with SOST-Fc increased serum levels of bone formation marker osteocalcin and alleviated the ovariectomy escalation of serum resorption markers CTX-1 and TRAP5b concentrations. It remarkably lessened the estrogen deficiency-mediated deterioration of bone mineral density, morphometric characteristics of trabecular bone, and mechanical strength of femurs and lumbar spines. The SOST-Fc-treated skeletal tissue exhibited moderate responses to the adverse actions of ovariectomy to bone mineral accretion, osteoclast surface, trabecular separation, and fatty marrow histopathology. SOST-Fc treatment increased serum osteoclast-inhibitory factor osteoprotegrin levels in conjunction with strong Wnt3a, β-catenin, and TCF4 immunostaining in osteoblasts, whereas it weakened the estrogen deficiency enhancement of osteoclast-promoting factor receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. Taken together, blockade of SOST action by SOST-Fc vaccination sustains Wnt signaling, which harmonizes bone mineral accretion and resorption reactions and thereby ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss. This study highlights SOST-Fc fusion protein as a new molecular therapeutic potential for preventing from osteoporotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Sheng Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Re-Wen Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lain
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chen Tsai
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Sun
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jing Ke
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chen Li
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jaulang Hwang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Yang Ko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Salamanna F, Borsari V, Contartese D, Nicoli Aldini N, Fini M. Link between estrogen deficiency osteoporosis and susceptibility to bone metastases: A way towards precision medicine in cancer patients. Breast 2018; 41:42-50. [PMID: 30007267 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Different fields of cancer management consider bone health to be of increasing clinical importance for patients: 1) presence of bone metastases in many solid tumors, 2) use of bone-targeted treatments in the reduction of bone metastasis, 3) effects of cancer treatment on reproductive hormones, critical for normal bone remodeling maintenance. Additionally, bone microenvironment is further complicated by the decline of ovarian sex steroid production and by the related increase in inflammatory factors linked to menopause, which result in accelerated bone loss and increased risk of osteoporosis (OP). Similarly, cancers and metastasis to bone showed a close relationship with sex hormones (particularly estrogen). Thus, these findings raise a question: Could pre-existing estrogen deficiency OP promote and/or influence cancer cell homing and tumor growth in bone? Although some preclinical and clinical evidence exists, it is mandatory to understand this aspect that would be relevant in the clinical theatre, where physicians need to understand the treatments available to reduce the risk of skeletal disease in cancer patients. This descriptive systematic review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies dealing with bimodal interactions between pre-existing estrogen deficiency OP and bone metastasis development and provides evidence supporting differences in tumor growth and colonization between healthy and OP status. Few studies evaluated the impact of estrogen deficiency OP on the susceptibility to bone metastases. Therefore, implementing biological knowledge, could help researchers and clinicians to have a better comprehension of the importance of pre- and post-menopausal bone microenvironment and its clinical implications for precision medicine in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Salamanna
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - V Borsari
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
| | - D Contartese
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - N Nicoli Aldini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - M Fini
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
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Jayusman PA, Mohamed IN, Alias E, Mohamed N, Shuid AN. The Effects of Quassinoid-Rich Eurycoma longifolia Extract on Bone Turnover and Histomorphometry Indices in the Androgen-Deficient Osteoporosis Rat Model. Nutrients 2018; 10:E799. [PMID: 29933617 PMCID: PMC6073572 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Male osteoporosis is associated with higher rates of disability and mortality. Hence the search for suitable intervention and treatment to prevent the degeneration of skeletal health in men is necessary. Eurycoma longifolia (EL), a traditional plant with aphrodisiac potential may be used to treat and prevent male osteoporosis. The skeletal protective effect of quassinoid-rich EL extract, which has a high content of eurycomanone, has not been studied. This study aimed to determine whether EL could prevent skeletal deteriorations in gonadal hormone-deficient male rats. Ninety-six male Sprague⁻Dawley rats were randomly assigned to baseline, sham-operated (Sham), orchidectomised or chemically castrated groups. Chemical castration was achieved via subcutaneous injection of degarelix at 2 mg/kg. The orchidectomised and degarelix-castrated rats were then divided into negative control groups (ORX, DGX), testosterone-treated groups (intramuscular injection at 7 mg/kg weekly) (ORX + TES, DGX + TES), and EL-supplemented groups receiving daily oral gavages at doses of 25 mg/kg (ORX + EL25, DGX + EL25), 50 mg/kg (ORX + EL50, DGX + EL50), and 100 mg/kg (ORX + EL100, DGX + EL100). Following 10 weeks of treatment, the rats were euthanized and their blood and femora were collected. Bone biochemical markers, serum testosterone, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β-ligand (RANKL) levels and histomorphometric indices were evaluated. Quassinoid-rich EL supplementation was found to reduce degenerative changes of trabecular structure by improving bone volume, trabecular number, and separation. A reduction in the percentage of osteoclast and increase in percentage of osteoblast on bone surface were also seen with EL supplementation. Dynamic histomorphometric analysis showed that the single-labeled surface was significantly decreased while the double-labeled surface was significantly increased with EL supplementations. There was a marginal but significant increase in serum testosterone levels in the ORX + EL25, DGX + EL50, and DGX + EL100 groups compared to their negative control groups. Quassinoid-rich EL extract was effective in reducing skeletal deteriorations in the androgen-deficient osteoporosis rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri Ayu Jayusman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ekram Alias
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Norazlina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Nazrun Shuid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Alejandro P, Constantinescu F. A Review of Osteoporosis in the Older Adult: An Update. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2018; 44:437-451. [PMID: 30001785 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis in the elderly population is common. It results in more than 1.5 million fractures per year in the United States. The goal of managing osteoporosis is to prevent fractures. In men, osteoporosis is underrecognized and undertreated. More men than women die every year as a consequence of hip fractures. Bisphosphonates are the first-line treatment of men and women. In the past several years, advances in bone biology have resulted in major therapeutic advances. A review of diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Alejandro
- Division of Rheumatology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 110 Irving Street Northwest 2A-66, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| | - Florina Constantinescu
- Division of Rheumatology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 110 Irving Street Northwest 2A-66, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathan Ford
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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