1
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Xu S, Feng S, Yu Y, Xue D, Liu M, Wang C, Zhao K, Xu B, Zhang JN. Dual-site segmentally synergistic catalysis mechanism: boosting CoFeS x nanocluster for sustainable water oxidation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1720. [PMID: 38409270 PMCID: PMC10897303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45700-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts are essential for sustainable clean energy conversion. However, catalytic materials followed the conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) with the inherent scaling relationship between key oxygen intermediates *OOH and *OH, or the lattice-oxygen-mediated mechanism (LOM) with the possible lattice oxygen migration and structural reconstruction, which are not favorable to the balance between high activity and stability. Herein, we propose an unconventional Co-Fe dual-site segmentally synergistic mechanism (DSSM) for single-domain ferromagnetic catalyst CoFeSx nanoclusters on carbon nanotubes (CNT) (CFS-ACs/CNT), which can effectively break the scaling relationship without sacrificing stability. Co3+ (L.S, t2g6eg0) supplies the strongest OH* adsorption energy, while Fe3+ (M.S, t2g4eg1) exposes strong O* adsorption. These dual-sites synergistically produce of Co-O-O-Fe intermediates, thereby accelerating the release of triplet-state oxygen ( ↑ O = O ↑ ). As predicted, the prepared CFS-ACs/CNT catalyst exhibits less overpotential than that of commercial IrO2, as well as approximately 633 h of stability without significant potential loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sihua Feng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dongping Xue
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mengli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingjun Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Resources Green Exploitation, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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2
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Zhong J, Liang Z, Liu N, Xiang Y, Yan B, Zhu F, Xie X, Gui X, Gan L, Yang HB, Yu D, Zeng Z, Yang G. Engineering Symmetry-Breaking Centers and d-Orbital Modulation in Triatomic Catalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries. ACS Nano 2024. [PMID: 38315041 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Unraveling the configuration-activity relationship and synergistic enhancement mechanism (such as real active center, electron spin-state, and d-orbital energy level) for triatomic catalysts, as well as their intrinsically bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis, is a great challenge. Here we present a triatomic catalyst (TAC) with a trinuclear active structure that displays extraordinary oxygen electrocatalysis for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), greatly outperforming the counterpart of single-atom and diatomic catalysts. The aqueous Zn-air battery (ZAB) equipped with a TAC-based cathode exhibits extraordinary rechargeable stability and ultrarobust cycling performance (1970 h/3940 cycles at 2 mA cm-2, 125 h/250 cycles at 10 mA cm-2 with negligible voltage decay), and the quasi-solid-state ZAB displays outstanding rechargeability and low-temperature adaptability (300 h/1800 cycles at 2 mA cm-2 at -60 °C), outperforming other state-of-the-art ZABs. The experimental and theoretical analyses reveal the symmetry-breaking CoN4 configuration under incorporation of neighboring metal atoms (Fe and Cu), which leads to d-orbital modulation, a low-shift d band center, weakened binding strength to the oxygen intermediates, and decreased energy barrier for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis. This rational tricoordination design as well as an in-depth mechanism analysis indicate that hetero-TACs can be promisingly applied in various electrocatalysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Xiang
- College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Zhu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuchun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Gan
- College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Bin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingshan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-Based Composites of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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3
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Kumar A, Betti MG, Mariani C, Kumar M, Gargiani P, Soncini C, Pedio M. Intermixing of Unoccupied States of Metal Phthalocyanine Chains Assembled on Au(110). Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:158. [PMID: 38251124 PMCID: PMC10819670 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A detailed inverse photoemission study unveils the unoccupied electronic structure induced by the adsorption of CuPc and CoPc phthalocyanines on Au(110) reconstructed channels. The different behavior in the two systems is related to the different intermixing of orbitals with the underlying gold states. Broadening of the density of states at the Fermi level is detected after CoPc adsorption, absent in the case CuPc. A detailed comparison with the element-selective X-ray absorption spectroscopy enlightens and complements the IPES results and confirms a surface-driven intermixing of the CoPc orbitals involved in the interaction, with the out-of-plane Co 3dz2 orbital strongly hybridized with the gold electronic states. Moreover, the contribution of the 3d empty states to the IPES data is reported for FePc, CoPc, and CuPc thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34012 Trieste, Italy; (A.K.); (M.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Betti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (M.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Carlo Mariani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (M.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Manvendra Kumar
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34012 Trieste, Italy; (A.K.); (M.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Ujjain Road, Indore 453111, India
| | - Pierluigi Gargiani
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Cristian Soncini
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34012 Trieste, Italy; (A.K.); (M.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maddalena Pedio
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerch, V. A. Pascoli s.n.c., 06123 Perugia, Italy
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4
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Ding J, Wei Z, Li F, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Zhou J, Wang W, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Su X, Yang R, Liu W, Su C, Yang HB, Huang Y, Zhai Y, Liu B. Atomic high-spin cobalt(II) center for highly selective electrochemical CO reduction to CH 3OH. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6550. [PMID: 37848430 PMCID: PMC10582074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, via engineering the conformation of cobalt active center in cobalt phthalocyanine molecular catalyst, the catalytic efficiency of electrochemical carbon monoxide reduction to methanol can be dramatically tuned. Based on a collection of experimental investigations and density functional theory calculations, it reveals that the electron rearrangement of the Co 3d orbitals of cobalt phthalocyanine from the low-spin state (S = 1/2) to the high-spin state (S = 3/2), induced by molecular conformation change, is responsible for the greatly enhanced CO reduction reaction performance. Operando attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy measurements disclose accelerated hydrogenation of CORR intermediates, and kinetic isotope effect validates expedited proton-feeding rate over cobalt phthalocyanine with high-spin state. Further natural population analysis and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the high spin Co2+ can enhance the electron backdonation via the dxz/dyz-2π* bond and weaken the C-O bonding in *CO, promoting hydrogenation of CORR intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhiming Wei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Weijue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Xiaozhi Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Runze Yang
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Wei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chenliang Su
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoeletronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Hong Bin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Yanqiang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yueming Zhai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China.
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5
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Phung QM, Nam HN, Saitow M. Unraveling the Spin-State Energetics of FeN 4 Complexes with Ab Initio Methods. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7544-7556. [PMID: 37651105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic analysis was conducted to explore the spin-state energetics of a series of 19 FeN4 complexes. The performance of a large number of multireference methods was assessed, highlighting the significant challenges associated with accurately describing the spin-state energetics of FeN4 complexes. Most multireference methods were found to be susceptible to errors originating from the reference CASSCF wavefunction, leading to an overstabilization of high-spin states. Nonetheless, a few multireference methods, namely, CASPT2/CC, DSRG-MRPT3, and LDSRG(2), demonstrated promising performance compared to the benchmark CCSD(T) method. Furthermore, our study revealed that FeN4 complexes having a quintet ground state are exceedingly rare. Accordingly, only one specific model (Fe(L2)) and one synthesized complex (Fe(OTBP)) have the quintet ground state among the studied complexes. This scarcity of quintet FeN4 complexes highlights the unique nature of these systems and raises intriguing questions regarding the factors influencing spin states, such as the size of the macrocycle cavity, the introduction of substituents, or the induction of out-of-plane deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Manh Phung
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ho Ngoc Nam
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masaaki Saitow
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
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6
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Liu S, Li F, Li T, Cao W. High-performance ZnIn2S4/Ni(dmgH)2 for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: Ion exchange construction, photocorrosion mitigation, and efficiency enhancement by photochromic effect. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 642:100-111. [PMID: 37001449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel photocatalyst of ZnIn2S4/Ni(dmgH)2 was designed by a simple chemical precipitation method and used to enhance hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation. Along with vigorous discharges of hydrogen bubbles, an optimal rate of 36.3 mmol/g/h was reached under UV-Vis light for hydrogen evolution, nearly 4.9 times of the one from pure ZnIn2S4. The heterojunction exhibits steady hydrogen evolution capability and owns a high apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 20.45% under the monochromatic light at 420 nm. By coupling ZnIn2S4 with Ni(dmgH)2, an extraordinary photochromic phenomenon was detected and attributed to the active Ni-S component in situ formed between the nickel and sulfur composites under light irradiation. The emerging sulfide benefits light absorption of the system and separation of photogenerated electron and hole pairs. Besides providing a promising photocatalyst for visible light hydrogen production, the present work is hoped to inspire new trends of catalytic medium designs and investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangshu Liu
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China; Nano and Molecular Materials Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014, Finland.
| | - Taohai Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China; Nano and Molecular Materials Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014, Finland.
| | - Wei Cao
- Nano and Molecular Materials Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014, Finland.
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7
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Yin H, Lin H, Zhang Y, Huang S. Iron(II) Phthalocyanine Adsorbed on Defective Graphenes: A Density Functional Study. ACS Omega 2022; 7:43915-43922. [PMID: 36506202 PMCID: PMC9730508 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The adsorptions of iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) on graphene and defective graphene were investigated systematically using density functional theory. Three types of graphene defects covering stone-wales (SW), single vacancy (SV), and double vacancy (DV) were taken into account, in which DV defects included DV(5-8-5), DV(555-777), and DV(5555-6-7777). The calculations of formation energies of defects showed that the SW defect has the lowest formation energy, and it was easier for DV defects to form compared with the SV defect. It is more difficult to rotate or move FePc on the surface of defective graphenes than on the surface of graphene due to bigger energy differences at different sites. Although the charge analysis indicated the charge transfers from graphene or defective graphene to FePc for all studied systems, the electron distributions of FePc on various defective graphenes were different. Especially for FePc@SV, the d xy orbital of Fe in the conduction band moved toward the Fermi level about 1 eV, and the d xz of Fe in the valence band for FePc@SV also moved toward the Fermi level compared with FePc@graphene and other FePc@defective graphenes. Between the planes of FePc and defective graphene, the electron accumulation occurs majorly in the position of the FePc molecular plane for FePc@SW, FePc@DV(5-8-5), and FePc@DV(5555-6-7777) as well as FePc@graphene. However, electrons were accumulated on the upper and lower surfaces of the FePc molecular plane for FePc@SV and FePc@DV(555-777). Thus, the electron distribution of FePc can be modulated by introducing the interfaces of different defective graphenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yin
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
| | - Heyun Lin
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Huang
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
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8
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Rani E, Gupta VK, Thasfiquzzaman M, Talebi P, Martinelli A, Niu Y, Zakharov A, Huttula M, Patanen M, Singh H, Cao W. Unraveling compensation between electron transfer and strain in Ni-Ag-MoS2 photocatalyst. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xie S, Chen X, Wang C, Lu YR, Chan TS, Chuang CH, Zhang J, Yan W, Jin S, Jin H, Wu X, Ji H. Role of the Metal Atom in a Carbon-Based Single-Atom Electrocatalyst for LiS Redox Reactions. Small 2022; 18:e2200395. [PMID: 35384295 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based single metal atom catalysts (SACs) are being extensively investigated to improve the kinetics of the Li-S redox reaction, which is greatly important for batteries with cell-level energy densities >500 W h kg-1 . However, there are contradictory reports regarding the electrocatalytic activities of the different metal atoms and the role of the metal atom in LiS chemistry still remains unclear. This is due to the complex relationship between the catalytic behavior and the structure of carbon-based SACs. Here, the catalytic behavior and active-site geometry, oxidation state, and the electronic structure of different metal centers (Fe/Co/Ni) embedded in nitrogen-doped graphene, and having similar physicochemical characteristics, are studied. Combining X-ray absorption spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and electrochemical analysis, it is revealed that the coordination-geometry and oxidation state of the metal atoms are modified when interacting with sulfur species. This interaction is strongly dependent on the hybridization of metal 3d and S p-orbitals. A moderate hybridization with the Fermi level crossing the metal 3d band is more favorable for LiS redox reactions. This study thus provides a fundamental understanding of how metal atoms in SACs impact LiS redox behavior and offers new guidelines to develop highly active catalytic materials for high-performance LiS batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xie
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xingjia Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information and Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yin-Rui Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Chuang
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui 251, New Taipei City, 251301, Taiwan
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Song Jin
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongchang Jin
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information and Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hengxing Ji
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Feldt
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis: Leibniz-Institut fur Katalyse eV Theory & Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str 29A 18059 Rostock GERMANY
| | - Quan Manh Phung
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
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11
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Laurent J, Bozek J, Briant M, Çarçabal P, Cubaynes D, Milosavljević A, Püttner R, Shafizadeh N, Simon M, Soep B, Goldsztejn G. Consistent characterization of the electronic ground state of iron(II) phthalocyanine from valence and core-shell electron spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2656-2663. [PMID: 35029607 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04845g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the iron(II) phthalocyanine molecule in the gas-phase. It is a complex transition organometallic compound, for which, the characterization of its electronic ground state is still debated more than 50 years after the first published study. Here, we show that to determine its electronic ground state, one needs a large corpus of data sets and a consistent theoretical methodology to simulate them. By simulating valence and core-shell electron spectra, we determined that the ground state is a 3Eg and that the ligand-to-metal charge transfer has a large influence on the spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Laurent
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay ISMO, UMR CNRS 8214, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - John Bozek
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Marc Briant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Çarçabal
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay ISMO, UMR CNRS 8214, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Denis Cubaynes
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay ISMO, UMR CNRS 8214, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Aleksandar Milosavljević
- L'Orme des Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Ralph Püttner
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niloufar Shafizadeh
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay ISMO, UMR CNRS 8214, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Marc Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Benoît Soep
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay ISMO, UMR CNRS 8214, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Gildas Goldsztejn
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay ISMO, UMR CNRS 8214, F-91405 Orsay, France.
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12
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Rivera Cruz KE, Liu Y, Soucy TL, Zimmerman PM, McCrory CCL. Increasing the CO2 Reduction Activity of Cobalt Phthalocyanine by Modulating the σ-Donor Strength of Axially Coordinating Ligands. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E. Rivera Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Yingshuo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Taylor L. Soucy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Charles C. L. McCrory
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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13
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Montero AM, Guimarães FSM, Lounis S. Multiple magnetic states of CoPc molecule on a two-dimensional layer of NbSe 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:205802. [PMID: 33704093 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abed64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular spintronics hinges on the detailed understanding of electronic and magnetic properties of molecules interfaced with various materials. Here we demonstrate withab initiosimulations that the prototypical Co-phthalocyanine (CoPc) molecule can surprisingly develop multi-spin states once deposited on the two-dimensional 2H-NbSe2layer. Conventional calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) show the existence of low, regular and high spin states, which reduce to regular and high spins states once correlations are incorporated with a DFT +Uapproach. Depending onU, the ground state is either the low spin or high spin state with energy differences affected by the molecular orientation on top of the substrate. Our results are compared to recent scanning probe measurements and motivate further theoretical and experimental studies on the unveiled rich multi-magnetic behavior of CoPc molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Montero
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszetrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Filipe S M Guimarães
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Samir Lounis
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszetrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen and CENIDE, 47053 Duisburg, Germany
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14
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Cojocariu I, Carlotto S, Sturmeit HM, Zamborlini G, Cinchetti M, Cossaro A, Verdini A, Floreano L, Jugovac M, Puschnig P, Piamonteze C, Casarin M, Feyer V, Schneider CM. Ferrous to Ferric Transition in Fe-Phthalocyanine Driven by NO 2 Exposure. Chemistry 2021; 27:3526-3535. [PMID: 33264485 PMCID: PMC7898877 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique magnetic properties offered by the open‐shell electronic structure of the central metal ion, and for being an effective catalyst in a wide variety of reactions, iron phthalocyanine has drawn significant interest from the scientific community. Nevertheless, upon surface deposition, the magnetic properties of the molecular layer can be significantly affected by the coupling occurring at the interface, and the more reactive the surface, the stronger is the impact on the spin state. Here, we show that on Cu(100), indeed, the strong hybridization between the Fe d‐states of FePc and the sp‐band of the copper substrate modifies the charge distribution in the molecule, significantly influencing the magnetic properties of the iron ion. The FeII ion is stabilized in the low singlet spin state (S=0), leading to the complete quenching of the molecule magnetic moment. By exploiting the FePc/Cu(100) interface, we demonstrate that NO2 dissociation can be used to gradually change the magnetic properties of the iron ion, by trimming the gas dosage. For lower doses, the FePc film is decoupled from the copper substrate, restoring the gas phase triplet spin state (S=1). A higher dose induces the transition from ferrous to ferric phthalocyanine, in its intermediate spin state, with enhanced magnetic moment due to the interaction with the atomic ligands. Remarkably, in this way, three different spin configurations have been observed within the same metalorganic/metal interface by exposing it to different doses of NO2 at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Cojocariu
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Straße, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Silvia Carlotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Zamborlini
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Experimentelle Physik VI, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mirko Cinchetti
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Experimentelle Physik VI, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Albano Cossaro
- CNR-IOM, Lab. TASC, S.S. 14, Km. 163,5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Verdini
- CNR-IOM, Lab. TASC, S.S. 14, Km. 163,5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Floreano
- CNR-IOM, Lab. TASC, S.S. 14, Km. 163,5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Jugovac
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Straße, 52428, Jülich, Germany.,Present address: Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), S.S. 14, Km. 163,5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Peter Puschnig
- Institute of Physics, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Cinthia Piamonteze
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Casarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Vitaliy Feyer
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Straße, 52428, Jülich, Germany.,Fakultät für Physik and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47047, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Claus Michael Schneider
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Straße, 52428, Jülich, Germany.,Fakultät für Physik and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47047, Duisburg, Germany
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15
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Avvisati G, Gargiani P, Mariani C, Betti MG. Tuning the Magnetic Coupling of a Molecular Spin Interface via Electron Doping. Nano Lett 2021; 21:666-672. [PMID: 33356332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mastering the magnetic response of molecular spin interfaces by tuning the occupancy of the molecular orbitals, which carry the spin magnetic moment, can be accomplished by electron doping. We propose a viable route to control the magnetization direction and magnitude of a molecular spin network, in a graphene-mediated architecture, achieved via alkali doping of manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) molecules assembled on cobalt intercalated under a graphene membrane. The antiparallel magnetic alignment of the MnPc molecules with the underlying Co layer can be switched to a ferromagnetic state by electron doping. Multiplet calculations unveil an enhanced magnetic state of the Mn centers with a 3/2 to 5/2 spin transition induced by alkali doping, as confirmed by the steepening of the hysteresis loops, with higher saturation magnetization values. This new molecular spin configuration can be aligned by an external field, almost independently from the hard-magnet substrate effectively behaving as a free magnetic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Avvisati
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Gargiani
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum, 2-26 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo Mariani
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Betti
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 00185 Rome, Italy
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16
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Carlotto S, Sambi M, Sedona F, Vittadini A, Casarin M. A Theoretical Study of the Occupied and Unoccupied Electronic Structure of High- and Intermediate-Spin Transition Metal Phthalocyaninato (Pc) Complexes: VPc, CrPc, MnPc, and FePc. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 11:nano11010054. [PMID: 33379291 PMCID: PMC7824030 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of high- and intermediate-spin transition metal phthalocyaninato complexes (MPc; M = V, Cr, Mn and Fe) have been theoretically investigated to look into the origin, symmetry and strength of the M–Pc bonding. DFT calculations coupled to the Ziegler’s extended transition state method and to an advanced charge density and bond order analysis allowed us to assess that the M–Pc bonding is dominated by σ interactions, with FePc having the strongest and most covalent M–Pc bond. According to experimental evidence, the lightest MPcs (VPc and CrPc) have a high-spin ground state (GS), while the MnPc and FePc GS spin is intermediate. Insights into the MPc unoccupied electronic structure have been gained by modelling M L2,3-edges X-ray absorption spectroscopy data from the literature through the exploitation of the current Density Functional Theory variant of the Restricted Open-Shell Configuration Interaction Singles (DFT/ROCIS) method. Besides the overall agreement between theory and experiment, the DFT/ROCIS results indicate that spectral features lying at the lowest excitation energies (EEs) are systematically generated by electronic states having the same GS spin multiplicity and involving M-based single electronic excitations; just as systematically, the L3-edge higher EE region of all the MPcs herein considered includes electronic states generated by metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer transitions involving the lowest-lying π* orbital (7eg) of the phthalocyaninato ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Carlotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.)
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia (ICMATE-CNR), via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Mauro Sambi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Sedona
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Andrea Vittadini
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia (ICMATE-CNR), via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Casarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.)
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia (ICMATE-CNR), via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (M.C.)
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17
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Abstract
Precise spin manipulation of single molecules is crucial for future molecular spintronics. However, it has been a formidable challenge due to the complexities of the strong molecule-substrate coupling as well as the response of the molecule to external stimulus. Here we demonstrate by density functional theory calculations that precise spin manipulation can be achieved by extra CO and NO molecules coordination to transition metal phthalocyanine (TMPc) (TM = Co, Fe, Mn) molecules deposited on metal-supported graphene; the spins of TMPc molecules are switched from S to S - 1/2 (|S - 1|) after NO (CO) coordination. With the aid of a combination of molecular orbitals (MO) theory and recently developed principal interacting spin-orbital (PISO) analysis, the impacts of NO and CO coordinations on both adsorption configuration and spin polarization of TMPc are well elucidated. We reveal the different coordination geometries that CO always coordinates axially to the TM center with a linear geometry, while NO prefers a bent geometry, which can be attributed to the competition between the σ- and π-type interactions according to the PISO analysis. Particularly, the NO-MnPc complex adopts a bent geometry deviating from the prediction by the existing Enemark-Feltham formalism. In addition, MO analysis suggests that during the CO coordination, the simultaneous existence of σ-donation and π-back-donation promotes electrons flowing from the dz2 to partially occupied dπ (dxz and dxz) orbitals with subsequent reordering of the TM d-orbitals, resulting in the spin transition of S → |S - 1|. In comparison, given that NO is regarded as NO- when it adopts a bent geometry coordinating to the TM center, the complete (CoPc) or partial (FePc and MnPc) quenching of the molecular spins caused by NO coordination is attributed to the electron transfer from TM to NO. These theoretical findings provide important insights into relevant experiments and offer an effective design strategy to realize underlying single-molecular spintronics devices integrated with two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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18
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Wang Q, Ina T, Chen WT, Shang L, Sun F, Wei S, Sun-Waterhouse D, Telfer SG, Zhang T, Waterhouse GIN. Evolution of Zn(II) single atom catalyst sites during the pyrolysis-induced transformation of ZIF-8 to N-doped carbons. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1743-1751. [PMID: 36659247 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The pyrolysis of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) is becoming a popular approach for the synthesis of catalysts comprising porphyrin-like metal single atom catalysts (SACs) on N-doped carbons (M-N-C). Understanding the structural evolution of M-N-C as a function of ZIF pyrolysis temperature is important for realizing high performance catalysts. Herein, we report a detailed investigation of the evolution of Zn single atom catalyst sites during the pyrolysis of ZIF-8 at temperatures ranging from 500 to 900 °C. Results from Zn L-edge and Zn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies reveal that tetrahedral ZnN4 centers in ZIF-8 transform to porphyrin-like ZnN4 centers supported on N-doped carbon at temperatures as low as 600 °C. As the pyrolysis temperature increased in the range 600-900 °C, the Zn atoms moved closer to the N4 coordination plane. This subtle geometry change in the ZnN4 sites alters the electron density on the Zn atoms (formally Zn2+), strongly impacting the catalytic performance for the peroxidase-like decomposition of H2O2. The catalyst obtained at 800 °C (Zn-N-C-800) offered the best performance for H2O2 decomposition. This work provides valuable new insights about the evolution of porphyrin-like single metal sites on N-doped carbons from ZIF precursors and the factors influencing SAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Toshiaki Ina
- Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 679-5148, Japan
| | - Wan-Ting Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lu Shang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fanfei Sun
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Shanghai Wei
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - Shane G Telfer
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Tierui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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19
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20
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Antalík A, Nachtigallová D, Lo R, Matoušek M, Lang J, Legeza Ö, Pittner J, Hobza P, Veis L. Ground state of the Fe(ii)-porphyrin model system corresponds to quintet: a DFT and DMRG-based tailored CC study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:17033-17037. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03086d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fe(ii)-porphyrins play an important role in many reactions, due to their closely lying spin states. We present a thorough study of a Fe(ii)-porphyrin model system, in which we examine how the geometrical parameters influence its spin state ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Antalík
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 18223 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
| | - Mikuláš Matoušek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 18223 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
| | - Jakub Lang
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 18223 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - Örs Legeza
- Strongly Correlated Systems “Lendület” Research group
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Jiří Pittner
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 18223 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
| | - Libor Veis
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 18223 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
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21
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Brumboiu IE, Haldar S, Lüder J, Eriksson O, Herper HC, Brena B, Sanyal B. Ligand Effects on the Linear Response Hubbard U: The Case of Transition Metal Phthalocyanines. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3214-3222. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Emilia Brumboiu
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 34141 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soumyajyoti Haldar
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Johann Lüder
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 80424 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Olle Eriksson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Heike C. Herper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Barbara Brena
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Biplab Sanyal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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22
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Wang Y, Li X, Yang J. Electronic and magnetic properties of CoPc and FePc molecules on graphene: the substrate, defect, and hydrogen adsorption effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5424-5434. [PMID: 30793133 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal phthalocyanines (TMPcs) are particularly appealing for spintronic processing and data storage devices due to their structural simplicity and functional flexibility. To realize effective control of the spins in TMPc-based systems, it is necessary to quantify how the structural and chemical environment of the molecule affects its spin center. Herein we perform a detailed investigation of the electronic and spintronic properties of vertically stacked heterostructures formed by CoPc or FePc adsorbed on a monolayer of graphene under the influences of the gold substrate, vacancies in graphene, and extra atomic hydrogen coordination on the TMPc. By using density functional theory (DFT), we reveal that both the TMPc molecules prefer the carbon-top position on graphene, and the existence of the Au substrate enhances the stability of the adsorption, while this enhanced adsorption will not modify the molecular magnetism, keeping it the same value as in the free standing case. Moreover, with the aid of a combination of DFT and ab initio wavefunction-based calculations, our results indicate that the magnetic anisotropy of the FePc-graphene complex can be actively tuned by the Au substrate. Our calculations also show that defects in graphene including single and double vacancies can modify the magnetism of these heterostructures. In particular, the spin state of FePc can be tuned from S = 1 to S = 2 with such defect engineering. Further spin state tunability can be achieved from a hydrogenation process, with the coordination of one extra hydrogen on the Co-top site for CoPc and the pyridinic N site for FePc, respectively, tuning their spin states from S = 1/2 to S = 0 and from S = 1 to S = 2. These findings may prove to be instrumental for rational design of future molecular spintronics devices integrated with two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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23
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Nachtigallová D, Antalík A, Lo R, Sedlák R, Manna D, Tuček J, Ugolotti J, Veis L, Legeza Ö, Pittner J, Zbořil R, Hobza P. An Isolated Molecule of Iron(II) Phthalocyanin Exhibits Quintet Ground-State: A Nexus between Theory and Experiment. Chemistry 2018; 24:13413-13417. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Antalík
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague 8 Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University Prague; 11636 Prague Czech Republic Republic
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Robert Sedlák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Debashree Manna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Juri Ugolotti
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Libor Veis
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Örs Legeza
- Strongly Correlated Systems “ Lendület” Research group; Wigner Research Centre for Physics; 1525 Budapest Hungary
| | - Jiří Pittner
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Casarin
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Padova; Via F. Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
- ICMATE CNR of Padova; via F. Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Silvia Carlotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Padova; Via F. Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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25
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Shi X, Posysaev S, Huttula M, Pankratov V, Hoszowska J, Dousse JC, Zeeshan F, Niu Y, Zakharov A, Li T, Miroshnichenko O, Zhang M, Wang X, Huang Z, Saukko S, González DL, van Dijken S, Alatalo M, Cao W. Metallic Contact between MoS 2 and Ni via Au Nanoglue. Small 2018; 14:e1704526. [PMID: 29687601 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A critical factor for electronics based on inorganic layered crystals stems from the electrical contact mode between the semiconducting crystals and the metal counterparts in the electric circuit. Here, a materials tailoring strategy via nanocomposite decoration is carried out to reach metallic contact between MoS2 matrix and transition metal nanoparticles. Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) are successfully joined to the sides of a layered MoS2 crystal through gold nanobuffers, forming semiconducting and magnetic NiNPs@MoS2 complexes. The intrinsic semiconducting property of MoS2 remains unchanged, and it can be lowered to only few layers. Chemical bonding of the Ni to the MoS2 host is verified by synchrotron radiation based photoemission electron microscopy, and further proved by first-principles calculations. Following the system's band alignment, new electron migration channels between metal and the semiconducting side contribute to the metallic contact mechanism, while semiconductor-metal heterojunctions enhance the photocatalytic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Shi
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sergei Posysaev
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marko Huttula
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vladimir Pankratov
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Joanna Hoszowska
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Ch. du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Dousse
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Ch. du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Faisal Zeeshan
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Ch. du Musée 3, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yuran Niu
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexei Zakharov
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Taohai Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Olga Miroshnichenko
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhongjia Huang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Sami Saukko
- Center of Microscopy and Nanotechnology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 7150, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Diego López González
- NanoSpin, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Sebastiaan van Dijken
- NanoSpin, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Matti Alatalo
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Wei Cao
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
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26
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Gargiani P, Lisi S, Avvisati G, Mondelli P, Fatale S, Betti MG. Mixing of MnPc electronic states at the MnPc/Au(110) interface. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:134702. [PMID: 28987123 DOI: 10.1063/1.4996979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-phthalocyanines form assembled chains with a variety of ordered super-structures, flat lying along the Au(110) reconstructed channels. The chains first give rise to a ×5 symmetry reconstruction, while further deposition of MnPc leads to a ×7 periodicity at the completion of the first single layer. A net polarization with the formation of an interface dipole is mainly due to the molecular π-states located on the macrocycles pyrrole rings, while the central metal ion induces a reduction in the polarization, whose amount is related to the Mn-Au interaction. The adsorption-induced interface polarization is compared to other 3d-metal phthalocyanines, to unravel the role of the central metal atom configuration in the interaction process of the d-states. The MnPc adsorption on Au(110) induces the re-hybridization of the electronic states localized on the central metal atom, promoting a charge redistribution of the molecular orbitals of the MnPc molecules. The molecule-substrate interaction is controlled by a symmetry-determined mixing between the electronic states, involving also the molecular empty orbitals with d character hybridized with the nitrogen atoms of the pyrrole ring, as deduced by photoemission and X-ray absorption spectroscopy exploiting light polarization. The symmetry-determined mixing between the electronic states of the Mn metal center and of the Au substrate induces a density of states close to the Fermi level for the ×5 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Gargiani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simone Lisi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Avvisati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mondelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Fatale
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Betti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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27
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Rückerl F, Waas D, Büchner B, Knupfer M, Zahn DRT, Haidu F, Hahn T, Kortus J. Charge transfer from and to manganese phthalocyanine: bulk materials and interfaces. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:1601-1615. [PMID: 28884064 PMCID: PMC5550819 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) is a member of the family of transition-metal phthalocyanines, which combines interesting electronic behavior in the fields of organic and molecular electronics with local magnetic moments. MnPc is characterized by hybrid states between the Mn 3d orbitals and the π orbitals of the ligand very close to the Fermi level. This causes particular physical properties, different from those of the other phthalocyanines, such as a rather small ionization potential, a small band gap and a large electron affinity. These can be exploited to prepare particular compounds and interfaces with appropriate partners, which are characterized by a charge transfer from or to MnPc. We summarize recent spectroscopic and theoretical results that have been achieved in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Waas
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Francisc Haidu
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Torsten Hahn
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 23, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Jens Kortus
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 23, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
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28
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Brumboiu IE, Prokopiou G, Kronik L, Brena B. Valence electronic structure of cobalt phthalocyanine from an optimally tuned range-separated hybrid functional. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:044301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4993623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Emilia Brumboiu
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgia Prokopiou
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Barbara Brena
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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29
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Ichibha T, Hou Z, Hongo K, Maezono R. New Insight into the Ground State of FePc: A Diffusion Monte Carlo Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2011. [PMID: 28515425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We have applied DMC to evaluate relative stability of the possible electronic configurations of an isolated FePc under D 4h symmetry, considering some fixed nodes generated from different methods. They predict A 2g ground state consistently, supporting preceding DFT studies, with confidence overcoming the ambiguity about exchange-correlation (XC) functionals. By comparing DMC with several XC, we clarified the importance of the short-range exchange to describe the relative stability. We examined why the predicted A 2g is excluded from possible ground states in the recent ligand field based model. Simplified assumptions made in the superposition model are identified to give unreasonably less energy gain for A 2g when compared with the reality. The state is found to have possible reasons for the stabilization, reducing the occupations from an unstable anti-bonding orbital, avoiding double occupation of a spatially localized orbital, and gaining exchange energy by putting a triplet spin pair in degenerate orbitals.
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30
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Wallace AJ, Williamson BE, Crittenden DL. CASSCF-based explicit ligand field models clarify the ground state electronic structures of transition metal phthalocyanines (MPc; M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn). CAN J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2016-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multireference electronic structure methods are used to assign ground state electronic configurations for a series of metallophthalocyanines. Ligand orbital occupancies remain constant across the period and are consistent with a formal 2– charge on the ligand. The d electron configurations of some metallophthalocyanines are straightforward and can be unambiguously assigned, (dxy)2(dxz,dyz)2,2( [Formula: see text])2([Formula: see text])n, with n = 2, 1, 0, respectively, for ZnPc, CuPc, and NiPc. Controversies over ground state electronic structure assignments for other metallophthalocyanines arise due to multiple complicating factors: accidental near-degeneracies, environmental effects, and different ligand field models used in interpreting experimental spectra. We demonstrate that explicit ligand field models provide more reliable and consistent interpretations of experimental data than implicit, parameterized alternatives. On this basis, we assign gas-phase electronic ground states for MnPc, (dxy)2(dxz,dyz)1,1([Formula: see text])1 and CoPc, (dxy)2(dxz,dyz)2,2([Formula: see text])1, and show that the ground state of FePc cannot be resolved to a single state, with two near-degenerate states that are likely spin-orbit coupled: (dxy)2(dxz,dyz)1,1( [Formula: see text])2 and (dxy)2(dxz,dyz)2,1([Formula: see text])1. Remaining differences between computational predictions and experimental observations are small and may be ascribed primarily to environmental effects but are also partly due to incomplete modelling of electron correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Wallace
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Bryce E. Williamson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Deborah L. Crittenden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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31
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Kroll T, Kern J, Kubin M, Ratner D, Gul S, Fuller FD, Löchel H, Krzywinski J, Lutman A, Ding Y, Dakovski GL, Moeller S, Turner JJ, Alonso-Mori R, Nordlund DL, Rehanek J, Weniger C, Firsov A, Brzhezinskaya M, Chatterjee R, Lassalle-Kaiser B, Sierra RG, Laksmono H, Hill E, Borovik A, Erko A, Föhlisch A, Mitzner R, Yachandra VK, Yano J, Wernet P, Bergmann U. X-ray absorption spectroscopy using a self-seeded soft X-ray free-electron laser. Opt Express 2016; 24:22469-22480. [PMID: 27828320 PMCID: PMC5234502 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.022469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) enable unprecedented new ways to study the electronic structure and dynamics of transition metal systems. L-edge absorption spectroscopy is a powerful technique for such studies and the feasibility of this method at XFELs for solutions and solids has been demonstrated. However, the required x-ray bandwidth is an order of magnitude narrower than that of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE), and additional monochromatization is needed. Here we compare L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of a prototypical transition metal system based on monochromatizing the SASE radiation of the linac coherent light source (LCLS) with a new technique based on self-seeding of LCLS. We demonstrate how L-edge XAS can be performed using the self-seeding scheme without the need of an additional beam line monochromator. We show how the spectral shape and pulse energy depend on the undulator setup and how this affects the x-ray spectroscopy measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kroll
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Markus Kubin
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Ratner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Franklin D. Fuller
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Heike Löchel
- Institute for Nanometer Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacek Krzywinski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Alberto Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yuantao Ding
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Georgi L. Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Stefan Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Joshua J. Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dennis L. Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jens Rehanek
- Institute for Nanometer Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Paul-Scherrer-Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Christian Weniger
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Firsov
- Institute for Nanometer Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Brzhezinskaya
- Institute for Nanometer Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Benedikt Lassalle-Kaiser
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 GIF-SUR-YVETTE Cedex, France
| | - Raymond G. Sierra
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Hartawan Laksmono
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ethan Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Andrew Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Alexei Erko
- Institute for Nanometer Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Föhlisch
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24/25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rolf Mitzner
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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32
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Carlotto S, Sambi M, Sedona F, Vittadini A, Bartolomé J, Bartolomé F, Casarin M. L2,3-edges absorption spectra of a 2D complex system: a theoretical modelling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:28110-28116. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04787d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ground state theoretical outcomes pertaining to FePc (I) and FePc(η2-O2) (II) provide an intimate understanding of the electron transfer pathway ruling the catalytic oxygen reduction reaction of I on Ag(110).
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Carlotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - M. Sambi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - F. Sedona
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - A. Vittadini
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia – ICMATE
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - J. Bartolomé
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Zaragoza – CSIC
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - F. Bartolomé
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad de Zaragoza – CSIC
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - M. Casarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia – ICMATE
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33
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Rossi G, d'Acapito F, Amidani L, Boscherini F, Pedio M. Local environment of metal ions in phthalocyanines: K-edge X-ray absorption spectra. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23686-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04022e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe a model for interpreting XAFS spectra of metal phthalocyanines. The near edge spectra are reproduced in a full potential approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Rossi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Bologna
- 40127 Bologna
- Italy
| | - F. d'Acapito
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto Officina dei Materiali – Operative Group in Grenoble
- c/o ESRF – The European Synchrotron
- CS 40220
- 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
| | - L. Amidani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Bologna
- 40127 Bologna
- Italy
| | - F. Boscherini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Bologna
- 40127 Bologna
- Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto Officina dei Materiali – Operative Group in Grenoble
| | - M. Pedio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto Officina dei Materiali
- Laboratorio TASC
- 34149 Trieste
- Italy
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34
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Andjelković L, Stepanović S, Vlahović F, Zlatar M, Gruden M. Resolving the origin of the multimode Jahn–Teller effect in metallophthalocyanines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:29122-29130. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03859j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
What is causing a distortion in phthalocyanines?
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Affiliation(s)
- Lj. Andjelković
- Department of Chemistry
- IChTM
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
| | - S. Stepanović
- Department of Chemistry
- IChTM
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
| | - F. Vlahović
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
| | - M. Zlatar
- Department of Chemistry
- IChTM
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
| | - M. Gruden
- Center for Computational Chemistry and Bioinformatics
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
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35
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Zhong JQ, Wang Z, Zhang JL, Wright CA, Yuan K, Gu C, Tadich A, Qi D, Li HX, Lai M, Wu K, Xu GQ, Hu W, Li Z, Chen W. Reversible Tuning of Interfacial and Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Individual MnPc Molecules. Nano Lett 2015; 15:8091-8098. [PMID: 26528623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The reversible selective hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of individual manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) molecules has been investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (LT-STM), synchrotron-based near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements, and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is shown conclusively that interfacial and intramolecular charge transfer arises during the hydrogenation process. The electronic energetics upon hydrogenation is identified, enabling a greater understanding of interfacial and intramolecular charge transportation in the field of single-molecule electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Zhong
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210044, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Zhunzhun Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nanomaterial Science, Guizhou Normal College , Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Jia Lin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Christopher A Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Kaidi Yuan
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Chengding Gu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Anton Tadich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
- Australian Synchrotron , 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Dongchen Qi
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - He Xing Li
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Min Lai
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210044, China
| | - Kai Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
- Singapore-Peking University Research Center for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future , 1 CREAT Way, #15-01, CREAT Tower, 138602, Singapore
| | - Guo Qin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- Singapore-Peking University Research Center for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future , 1 CREAT Way, #15-01, CREAT Tower, 138602, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute , 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
- Singapore-Peking University Research Center for a Sustainable Low-Carbon Future , 1 CREAT Way, #15-01, CREAT Tower, 138602, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute , 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
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36
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Kroll T, Solomon EI, de Groot FMF. Final-State Projection Method in Charge-Transfer Multiplet Calculations: An Analysis of Ti L-Edge Absorption Spectra. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13852-8. [PMID: 26226507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b04133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A projection method to determine the final-state configuration character of all peaks in a charge transfer multiplet calculation of a 2p X-ray absorption spectrum is presented using a d(0) system as an example. The projection method is used to identify the most important influences on spectral shape and to map out the configuration weights. The spectral shape of a 2p X-ray absorption or L2,3-edge spectrum is largely determined by the ratio of the 2p core-hole interactions relative to the 2p3d atomic multiplet interaction. This leads to a nontrivial spectral assignment, which makes a detailed theoretical description of experimental spectra valuable for the analysis of bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kroll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Frank M F de Groot
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands
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Semushkina GI, Mazalov LN, Lavrukhina SA, Basova TV, Gulyaev RV. Simulation of X-ray emission and photoelectron spectra of H2Pc using the density functional method. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476615030208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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Kroll T, Hadt RG, Wilson SA, Lundberg M, Yan JJ, Weng TC, Sokaras D, Alonso-Mori R, Casa D, Upton MH, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering on ferrous and ferric bis-imidazole porphyrin and cytochrome c: nature and role of the axial methionine-Fe bond. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:18087-99. [PMID: 25475739 PMCID: PMC4291809 DOI: 10.1021/ja5100367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Axial Cu-S(Met) bonds in electron transfer (ET) active sites are generally found to lower their reduction potentials. An axial S(Met) bond is also present in cytochrome c (cyt c) and is generally thought to increase the reduction potential. The highly covalent nature of the porphyrin environment in heme proteins precludes using many spectroscopic approaches to directly study the Fe site to experimentally quantify this bond. Alternatively, L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) enables one to directly focus on the 3d-orbitals in a highly covalent environment and has previously been successfully applied to porphyrin model complexes. However, this technique cannot be extended to metalloproteins in solution. Here, we use metal K-edge XAS to obtain L-edge like data through 1s2p resonance inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). It has been applied here to a bis-imidazole porphyrin model complex and cyt c. The RIXS data on the model complex are directly correlated to L-edge XAS data to develop the complementary nature of these two spectroscopic methods. Comparison between the bis-imidazole model complex and cyt c in ferrous and ferric oxidation states show quantitative differences that reflect differences in axial ligand covalency. The data reveal an increased covalency for the S(Met) relative to N(His) axial ligand and a higher degree of covalency for the ferric states relative to the ferrous states. These results are reproduced by DFT calculations, which are used to evaluate the thermodynamics of the Fe-S(Met) bond and its dependence on redox state. These results provide insight into a number of previous chemical and physical results on cyt c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kroll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Lindner S, Mahns B, Treske U, Vilkov O, Haidu F, Fronk M, Zahn DRT, Knupfer M. Epitaxial growth and electronic properties of well ordered phthalocyanine heterojunctions MnPc/F16CoPc. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:094706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4894757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susi Lindner
- IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Treske
- IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Oleg Vilkov
- Center for Physical Methods of Surface Investigation, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia and Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Technology Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Francisc Haidu
- Physics Department/Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Michael Fronk
- Physics Department/Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dietrich R. T. Zahn
- Physics Department/Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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40
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Stepanow S, Lodi Rizzini A, Krull C, Kavich J, Cezar JC, Yakhou-Harris F, Sheverdyaeva PM, Moras P, Carbone C, Ceballos G, Mugarza A, Gambardella P. Spin tuning of electron-doped metal-phthalocyanine layers. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5451-9. [PMID: 24635343 DOI: 10.1021/ja501204q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The spin state of organic-based magnets at interfaces is to a great extent determined by the organic environment and the nature of the spin-carrying metal center, which is further subject to modifications by the adsorbate-substrate coupling. Direct chemical doping offers an additional route for tailoring the electronic and magnetic characteristics of molecular magnets. Here we present a systematic investigation of the effects of alkali metal doping on the charge state and crystal field of 3d metal ions in Cu, Ni, Fe, and Mn phthalocyanine (Pc) monolayers adsorbed on Ag. Combined X-ray absorption spectroscopy and ligand field multiplet calculations show that Cu(II), Ni(II), and Fe(II) ions reduce to Cu(I), Ni(I), and Fe(I) upon alkali metal adsorption, whereas Mn maintains its formal oxidation state. The strength of the crystal field at the Ni, Fe, and Mn sites is strongly reduced upon doping. The combined effect of these changes is that the magnetic moment of high- and low-spin ions such as Cu and Ni can be entirely turned off or on, respectively, whereas the magnetic configuration of MnPc can be changed from intermediate (3/2) to high (5/2) spin. In the case of FePc a 10-fold increase of the orbital magnetic moment accompanies charge transfer and a transition to a high-spin state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stepanow
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich , Hönggerbergring 64, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Johnson PS, García-Lastra JM, Kennedy CK, Jersett NJ, Boukahil I, Himpsel FJ, Cook PL. Crystal fields of porphyrins and phthalocyanines from polarization-dependent 2p-to-3d multiplets. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:114706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4868552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Brumboiu IE, Totani R, de Simone M, Coreno M, Grazioli C, Lozzi L, Herper HC, Sanyal B, Eriksson O, Puglia C, Brena B. Elucidating the 3d electronic configuration in manganese phthalocyanine. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:927-32. [PMID: 24428172 DOI: 10.1021/jp4100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To shed light on the metal 3d electronic structure of manganese phthalocyanine, so far controversial, we performed photoelectron measurements both in the gas phase and as thin film. With the purpose of explaining the experimental results,three different electronic configurations close in energy to one another were studied by means of density functional theory. The comparison between the calculated valence band density of states and the measured spectra revealed that in the gas phase the molecules exhibit a mixed electronic configuration, while in the thin film, manganese phthalocyanine finds itself in the theoretically computed ground state, namely, the b1(2g)e3(g)a1(1g)b0(1g) electronic configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Emilia Brumboiu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box-516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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43
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Lundberg M, Kroll T, DeBeer S, Bergmann U, Wilson SA, Glatzel P, Nordlund D, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Metal-ligand covalency of iron complexes from high-resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17121-34. [PMID: 24131028 PMCID: PMC3920600 DOI: 10.1021/ja408072q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Data from Kα resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) have been used to extract electronic structure information, i.e., the covalency of metal-ligand bonds, for four iron complexes using an experimentally based theoretical model. Kα RIXS involves resonant 1s→3d excitation and detection of the 2p→1s (Kα) emission. This two-photon process reaches similar final states as single-photon L-edge (2p→3d) X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), but involves only hard X-rays and can therefore be used to get high-resolution L-edge-like spectra for metal proteins, solution catalysts and their intermediates. To analyze the information content of Kα RIXS spectra, data have been collected for four characteristic σ-donor and π-back-donation complexes: ferrous tacn [Fe(II)(tacn)2]Br2, ferrocyanide [Fe(II)(CN)6]K4, ferric tacn [Fe(III)(tacn)2]Br3 and ferricyanide [Fe(III)(CN)6]K3. From these spectra metal-ligand covalencies can be extracted using a charge-transfer multiplet model, without previous information from the L-edge XAS experiment. A direct comparison of L-edge XAS and Kα RIXS spectra show that the latter reaches additional final states, e.g., when exciting into the e(g) (σ*) orbitals, and the splitting between final states of different symmetry provides an extra dimension that makes Kα RIXS a more sensitive probe of σ-bonding. Another key difference between L-edge XAS and Kα RIXS is the π-back-bonding features in ferro- and ferricyanide that are significantly more intense in L-edge XAS compared to Kα RIXS. This shows that two methods are complementary in assigning electronic structure. The Kα RIXS approach can thus be used as a stand-alone method, in combination with L-edge XAS for strongly covalent systems that are difficult to probe by UV/vis spectroscopy, or as an extension to conventional absorption spectroscopy for a wide range of transition metal enzymes and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Samuel A. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Keith O. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Edward I. Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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Willey TM, Bagge-Hansen M, Lee JRI, Call R, Landt L, van Buuren T, Colesniuc C, Monton C, Valmianski I, Schuller IK. Electronic structure differences between H2-, Fe-, Co-, and Cu-phthalocyanine highly oriented thin films observed using NEXAFS spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:034701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4811487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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45
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Uihlein J, Peisert H, Glaser M, Polek M, Adler H, Petraki F, Ovsyannikov R, Bauer M, Chassé T. Communication: Influence of graphene interlayers on the interaction between cobalt phthalocyanine and Ni(111). J Chem Phys 2013; 138:081101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Nardi MV, Detto F, Aversa L, Verucchi R, Salviati G, Iannotta S, Casarin M. Electronic properties of CuPc and H2Pc: an experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:12864-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51224j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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