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Nasiri F, Farrokhi K, Safarzadeh Kozani P, Mahboubi Kancha M, Dashti Shokoohi S, Safarzadeh Kozani P. CAR-T cell immunotherapy for ovarian cancer: hushing the silent killer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1302307. [PMID: 38146364 PMCID: PMC10749368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1302307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most lethal gynecologic oncological indication, carcinoma of the ovary has been ranked as the 5th cause of cancer-related mortality in women, with a high percentage of the patients being diagnosed at late stages of the disease and a five-year survival of ~ 30%. Ovarian cancer patients conventionally undergo surgery for tumor removal followed by platinum- or taxane-based chemotherapy; however, a high percentage of patients experience tumor relapse. Cancer immunotherapy has been regarded as a silver lining in the treatment of patients with various immunological or oncological indications; however, mirvetuximab soravtansine (a folate receptor α-specific mAb) and bevacizumab (a VEGF-A-specific mAb) are the only immunotherapeutics approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has achieved tremendous clinical success in the treatment of patients with certain B-cell lymphomas and leukemias, as well as multiple myeloma. In the context of solid tumors, CAR-T therapies face serious obstacles that limit their therapeutic benefit. Such hindrances include the immunosuppressive nature of solid tumors, impaired tumor infiltration, lack of qualified tumor-associated antigens, and compromised stimulation and persistence of CAR-Ts following administration. Over the past years, researchers have made arduous attempts to apply CAR-T therapy to ovarian cancer. In this review, we outline the principles of CAR-T therapy and then highlight its limitations in the context of solid tumors. Ultimately, we focus on preclinical and clinical findings achieved in CAR-T-mediated targeting of different ovarian cancer-associated target antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nasiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Production Platforms & Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Khadijeh Farrokhi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Pouya Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Mahboubi Kancha
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Setareh Dashti Shokoohi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooria Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Young O, Ngo N, Lin L, Stanbery L, Creeden JF, Hamouda D, Nemunaitis J. Folate Receptor as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Solid Tumors. Curr Probl Cancer 2023; 47:100917. [PMID: 36508886 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2022.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Folate is a B vitamin necessary for basic biological functions, including rapid cell turnover occurring in cancer cell proliferation. Though the role of folate as a causative versus protective agent in carcinogenesis is debated, several studies have indicated that the folate receptor (FR), notably subtype folate receptor alpha (FRα), could be a viable biomarker for diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. Several cancers, including gastrointestinal, gynecological, breast, lung, and squamous cell head and neck cancers overexpress FR and are currently under investigation to correlate receptor status to disease state. Traditional chemotherapies have included antifolate medications, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed, which generate anticancer activity during the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. Increasingly, the repertoire of pharmacotherapies is expanding to include FR as a target, with a heterogenous pool of directed therapies. Here we discuss the FR, expression and effect in cancer biology, and relevant pharmacologic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Young
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | - Nealie Ngo
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | - Leslie Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | | | - Justin Fortune Creeden
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | - Danae Hamouda
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
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Bax HJ, Chauhan J, Stavraka C, Santaolalla A, Osborn G, Khiabany A, Grandits M, López-Abente J, Palhares LCGF, Chan Wah Hak C, Robinson A, Pope A, Woodman N, Naceur-Lombardelli C, Malas S, Coumbe JEM, Nakamura M, Laddach R, Mele S, Crescioli S, Black AM, Lombardi S, Canevari S, Figini M, Sayasneh A, Tsoka S, FitzGerald K, Gillett C, Pinder S, Van Hemelrijck M, Kristeleit R, Ghosh S, Montes A, Spicer J, Karagiannis SN, Josephs DH. Folate receptor alpha in ovarian cancer tissue and patient serum is associated with disease burden and treatment outcomes. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:342-353. [PMID: 36402875 PMCID: PMC9902484 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival rates for ovarian cancer remain poor, and monitoring and prediction of therapeutic response may benefit from additional markers. Ovarian cancers frequently overexpress Folate Receptor alpha (FRα) and the soluble receptor (sFRα) is measurable in blood. Here we investigated sFRα as a potential biomarker. METHODS We evaluated sFRα longitudinally, before and during neo-adjuvant, adjuvant and palliative therapies, and tumour FRα expression status by immunohistrochemistry. The impact of free FRα on the efficacy of anti-FRα treatments was evaluated by an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay. RESULTS Membrane and/or cytoplasmic FRα staining were observed in 52.7% tumours from 316 ovarian cancer patients with diverse histotypes. Circulating sFRα levels were significantly higher in patients, compared to healthy volunteers, specifically in patients sampled prior to neoadjuvant and palliative treatments. sFRα was associated with FRα cell membrane expression in the tumour. sFRα levels decreased alongside concurrent tumour burden in patients receiving standard therapies. High concentrations of sFRα partly reduced anti-FRα antibody tumour cell killing, an effect overcome by increased antibody doses. CONCLUSIONS sFRα may present a non-invasive marker for tumour FRα expression, with the potential for monitoring patient response to treatment. Larger, prospective studies should evaluate FRα for assessing disease burden and response to systemic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jitesh Chauhan
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Chara Stavraka
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Aida Santaolalla
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Osborn
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Atousa Khiabany
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Melanie Grandits
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jacobo López-Abente
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lais C G F Palhares
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Charleen Chan Wah Hak
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Robinson
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Amy Pope
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Natalie Woodman
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cristina Naceur-Lombardelli
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sadek Malas
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jack E M Coumbe
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mano Nakamura
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Roman Laddach
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences, King's College London, Bush House, London, UK
| | - Silvia Mele
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Silvia Crescioli
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Anna M Black
- Guy's and St Thomas' Oncology & Haematology Clinical Trials (OHCT), Guy's Cancer Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sara Lombardi
- Guy's and St Thomas' Oncology & Haematology Clinical Trials (OHCT), Guy's Cancer Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Biomarker Unit, Dipartimento di Ricerca Applicata e Sviluppo Tecnologico (DRAST), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ahmad Sayasneh
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sophia Tsoka
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences, King's College London, Bush House, London, UK
| | - Kevin FitzGerald
- Epsilogen Ltd., Waterfront, ARC West London, Manbre Road, Hammersmith, London, UK
| | - Cheryl Gillett
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sarah Pinder
- King's Health Partners Cancer Biobank, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Kristeleit
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sharmistha Ghosh
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ana Montes
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - James Spicer
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, UK.
| | - Debra H Josephs
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
- Cancer Centre at Guy's, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Biomedicine Innovations and Its Nanohydrogel Classifications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122839. [PMID: 36559335 PMCID: PMC9787506 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most cutting-edge and promising polymer crosslinked network nanoparticle systems. Polymer nano-sized hydrogels (nanogels) have been a hot topic in the biomedical field over the last few decades. Due to their unique characteristics, which include their relatively high drug encapsulation efficiency, ease of preparation, high tunability, low toxicity, high stability in serum and responsive behavior to a range of stimuli to facilitate drug release. Nanogels are thought to be the next generation of drug delivery systems that can completely change the way that drug delivery systems have an impact on patients' lives. Nanogels have demonstrated significant potential in a variety of fields, including chemotherapy, diagnosis, organ targeting, and delivery of bioactive molecules of different dimensions. However, the lack of substantial clinical data from nanogels becomes one of the major barriers to translating the nanogel concept into a practical therapeutic application for many disease conditions. In addition, nanogel safety profiles have been the major concern that hinders it advancement to the clinical trial phase. This review aims to emphasize the unique properties of nanogels as delivery systems for a variety of bioactive molecules over other nano-delivery systems. Also, this review attempts to give insight into the recent progress in nanogels as a carrier in the field of nanomedicine to overcome complex biological barriers. Relevant scientific data and clinical rationale for the development and the potential use of nanogel as a carrier for targeted therapeutic interventions are discussed. Finally, the concluding points of this review highlight the importance of understanding the long-term toxicity profile of nanogel within the biological system to fully understand their biocompatibility.
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Pteroyl-γ-l-glutamate/Pluronic® F68 modified polymeric micelles loaded with docetaxel for targeted delivery and reduced toxicity. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wu Q, Qian W, Sun X, Jiang S. Small-molecule inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and more: FDA-approved novel therapeutic drugs for solid tumors from 1991 to 2021. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:143. [PMID: 36209184 PMCID: PMC9548212 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has always been a forerunner in drug evaluation and supervision. Over the past 31 years, 1050 drugs (excluding vaccines, cell-based therapies, and gene therapy products) have been approved as new molecular entities (NMEs) or biologics license applications (BLAs). A total of 228 of these 1050 drugs were identified as cancer therapeutics or cancer-related drugs, and 120 of them were classified as therapeutic drugs for solid tumors according to their initial indications. These drugs have evolved from small molecules with broad-spectrum antitumor properties in the early stage to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs) with a more precise targeting effect during the most recent decade. These drugs have extended indications for other malignancies, constituting a cancer treatment system for monotherapy or combined therapy. However, the available targets are still mainly limited to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), restricting the development of antitumor drugs. In this review, these 120 drugs are summarized and classified according to the initial indications, characteristics, or functions. Additionally, RTK-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint-based immunotherapies are also discussed. Our analysis of existing challenges and potential opportunities in drug development may advance solid tumor treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
| | - Shaojie Jiang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
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7
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Hanley KZ, Horowitz IR, Gordon A, Meisel J, Khanna N. Folate Receptor Alpha Is Preferentially Expressed in the Carcinoma Component of Endometrial Carcinosarcomas: A Potential Target for Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2021; 40:501-509. [PMID: 33323854 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carcinosarcomas (CSs) of the endometrium are biphasic malignancies, composed of high-grade carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Surgical stage and pathologic characteristics are the most important prognostic findings, with a 5-yr survival of 15% to 30% in advance stage disease. Folate receptor alpha (FRA) overexpression has been observed in endometrial carcinomas and not yet studied in CSs. This study evaluates semiquantitative expression of FRA in both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components of CSs on whole tissue sections. Immunohistochemistry for FRA expression was performed and extent and intensity of staining were recorded for each case for both histologic components. A total of 46 cases were stained for FRA. The majority of these (40/46, 87%) showed FRA staining at variable intensity in the carcinomatous component, stronger in serous carcinomas and high-grade endometrioid, while only a small subset of tumors demonstrated weak staining in the sarcomatous component (2/46, 4.35%). CS is known to be associated with poor prognosis and adjuvant therapy is recommended even in low stage disease. Serous and high-grade endometrioid carcinomas are the most common carcinomatous components of CSs and are known to show consistently high FRA expression. Folate plays a role in tumor cell migration and loss of cellular adhesion, which are key steps in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the process by which CS develops from carcinoma cells. Our study shows expression of FRA in the carcinomatous component of almost all CS cases (87%), further favoring FRA as a target for adjuvant treatment. While expression of FRA in the sarcomatous component was rarely observed, the carcinomatous component being associated with metastatic potential underscores the importance of anti-FRA therapy for systemic disease control.
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Schaber EN, Ivanova N, Iliev S, Petrova J, Gocheva G, Madjarova G, Ivanova A. Initial Stages of Spontaneous Binding of Folate-Based Vectors to Folate Receptor-α Observed by Unbiased Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:7598-7612. [PMID: 34247488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Active targeting is a prospective strategy for controlled drug delivery to malignant tumor tissues. One of the approaches relies on recognition of a bioactive ligand by a receptor expressed abundantly on the surface of cancer cell membranes. A promising ligand-receptor pair is folic acid (or its dianionic form, folate) combined with the folate receptor-α (FRα). A number of targeting drug delivery systems based on folate have been suggested, but the mechanism of binding of the ligand or its derivatives to the receptor is not fully known at the molecular level. The current study summarizes the results from unbiased all-atom molecular dynamics simulations at physiological conditions describing the binding of two forms of folate and four of its synthetically available derivatives to FRα. The models (ca. 185,000 atoms) contain one receptor molecule, embedded in the outer leaflet of a lipid bilayer, and one ligand, all immersed in saline. The bilayer represents a human cancer cell membrane and consists of 370 asymmetrically distributed lipid molecules from 35 types. The ability of the vector molecules to bind to the receptor, the position of binding, and the interactions between them are analyzed. Spontaneous binding on the nanosecond scale is observed for all molecules, but its time, position, and persistence depend strongly on the ligand. Only folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, and raltitrexed bind selectively at the active site of the receptor. Two binding poses are observed, one of them (realized by raltitrexed) corresponding qualitatively to that reported for the crystallographic structure of the complex folate-FRα. Pemetrexed adsorbs nonspecifically on the protein surface, while methotrexate and pteroyl ornithine couple much less to the receptor. The molecular simulations reproduce qualitatively correctly the relative binding affinity measured experimentally for five of the ligands. Analysis of the interactions between the ligands and FRα shows that in order to accomplish specific binding to the active site, a combination of hydrogen bonding, π-stacking, and van der Waals and Coulomb attraction should be feasible simultaneously for the vector molecule. The reported results demonstrate that it is possible to observe receptor-ligand binding without applying bias by representing the local environment as close as possible and contain important molecular-level guidelines for the design of folate-based systems for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan N Schaber
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Nikoleta Ivanova
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Stoyan Iliev
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Jasmina Petrova
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Gergana Gocheva
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Galia Madjarova
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Anela Ivanova
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1 James Bourchier boulevard, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
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Hawner M, Ducho C. Cellular Targeting of Oligonucleotides by Conjugation with Small Molecules. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245963. [PMID: 33339365 PMCID: PMC7766908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug candidates derived from oligonucleotides (ON) are receiving increased attention that is supported by the clinical approval of several ON drugs. Such therapeutic ON are designed to alter the expression levels of specific disease-related proteins, e.g., by displaying antigene, antisense, and RNA interference mechanisms. However, the high polarity of the polyanionic ON and their relatively rapid nuclease-mediated cleavage represent two major pharmacokinetic hurdles for their application in vivo. This has led to a range of non-natural modifications of ON structures that are routinely applied in the design of therapeutic ON. The polyanionic architecture of ON often hampers their penetration of target cells or tissues, and ON usually show no inherent specificity for certain cell types. These limitations can be overcome by conjugation of ON with molecular entities mediating cellular 'targeting', i.e., enhanced accumulation at and/or penetration of a specific cell type. In this context, the use of small molecules as targeting units appears particularly attractive and promising. This review provides an overview of advances in the emerging field of cellular targeting of ON via their conjugation with small-molecule targeting structures.
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Halik PK, Koźmiński P, Gniazdowska E. Perspectives of Methotrexate-Based Radioagents for Application in Nuclear Medicine. Mol Pharm 2020; 18:33-43. [PMID: 33251808 PMCID: PMC7788572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Methotrexate is a gold standard among
disease modifying antirheumatic
drugs and is also extensively used clinically in combination with
oncological therapies. Thus, it is not surprising that nuclear medicine
found an interest in methotrexate in the search for diagnostic and
therapeutic solutions. Numerous folate-related radiopharmaceuticals
have been proposed for nuclear medicine purposes; however, methotrexate
radioagents represent only a minority. This imbalance results from
the fact that methotrexate has significantly weaker affinity for folate
receptors than folic acid. Nevertheless, radiolabeled methotrexate
agents utilized as a tool for early detection and imaging of inflammation
in rheumatoid arthritis patients gave promising results. Similarly,
the use of multimodal MTX-release nanosystems may find potential applications
in radiosynovectomy and theranostic approaches in folate receptor
positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krzysztof Halik
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Koźmiński
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Gniazdowska
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Liu Y, Cai Q, Qin C, Jin Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Ouyang Y, Li H, Liu S. Field-effect transistor bioassay for ultrasensitive detection of folate receptor 1 by ligand-protein interaction. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:637. [PMID: 33146801 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A miniaturized and integrated bioassay was developed based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field-effect transistor (FET) functionalized with bovine serum albumin-folic acid (BSA-FA) for monitoring FOLR1. We performed the electrical test of FOLR1 within the range 100 fg/mL to 10 ng/mL, and the limit of detection was 0.057 pg/mL. The ultrahigh sensitivity of the bioassay was realized by ligand-protein interaction between FA and FOLR1, with a ligand-protein binding ratio of 3:1. The formation of FA-FOLR1 was confirmed with ELISA. The binding affinity dissociation constant KD was 12 ± 6 pg/mL. This device can work well for FOLR1 detection in human serum, which presents its promising application in point-of-care diagnosis. This study supports the future applications of such ligand-protein-based bioassays in the clinical practices. Graphical abstract MoS2-based FET device for detecting folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) was fabricated. The molecular folic acid as a probe can specifically bound to FOLR1 with a high affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeru Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Cai
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaopeng Qin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxue Wang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Ouyang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Ahmad KS, Talat M, Jaffri SB, Shaheen N. Innovatory role of nanomaterials as bio-tools for treatment of cancer. REV INORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Conventional treatment modes like chemotherapy, thermal and radiations aimed at cancerous cells eradication are marked by destruction pointing the employment of nanomaterials as sustainable and auspicious materials for saving human lives. Cancer has been deemed as the second leading cause of death on a global scale. Nanomaterials employment in cancer treatment is based on the utilization of their inherent physicochemical characteristics in addition to their modification for using as nano-carriers and nano-vehicles eluted with anti-cancer drugs. Current work has reviewed the significant role of different types of nanomaterials in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics in a systematic way. Compilation of review has been done by analyzing voluminous investigations employing ERIC, MEDLINE, NHS Evidence and Web of Science databases. Search engines used were Google scholar, Jstore and PubMed. Current review is suggestive of the remarkable performance of nanomaterials making them candidates for cancer treatment for substitution of destructive treatment modes through investigation of their physicochemical characteristics, utilization outputs and long term impacts in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences , Fatima Jinnah Women University , The Mall, 46000 Rawalpindi , Pakistan
| | - Muntaha Talat
- Department of Environmental Sciences , Fatima Jinnah Women University , The Mall, 46000 Rawalpindi , Pakistan
| | - Shaan Bibi Jaffri
- Department of Environmental Sciences , Fatima Jinnah Women University , The Mall, 46000 Rawalpindi , Pakistan
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13
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Gajaria P, Kadu V, Patil A, Desai S, Shet T. Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Expression of Folate Receptor Alpha in Indian population. Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 49:151598. [PMID: 32919338 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Folate Receptor Alpha (FRA) is a membrane protein expressed on the apical surface of epithelial cells. Its expression in increased in certain tumors, where it can serve as a target for therapy. Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma (TNBC) are a heterogeneous group of tumors, with limited therapy options and poor prognosis. We aimed to study the expression of FRA in TNBC. Tissue microarrays were prepared from archived paraffin blocks of 300 TNBC resection specimens. Staining for FRA immunohistochemistry was carried out using the clone 26B3.F2. Clinical and pathologic details of the patients were obtained from the electronic medical records. Chi square test was performed for correlation of clinicopathological features with FRA expression. Kaplan Meir and Cox Regression analysis were carried out to study the Disease Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS). FRA showed positivity in 43% (129/300) of TNBCs in our study. In univariate analysis, TNBC expressing FRA had a significantly better OS compared to FRA negative tumors (p - 0.035). Also, FRA positive tumors showed a trend towards longer DFS, though this was not statistically significant. In multivariate analysis however, FRA expression did not emerge as a significant factor. To conclude, TNBCs in our study showed FRA expression and though this did not emerge as an important prognostic factor, it can represent a therapeutic target for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Gajaria
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Vandana Kadu
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Asawari Patil
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sangeeta Desai
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Tanuja Shet
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India..
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14
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Scaranti M, Cojocaru E, Banerjee S, Banerji U. Exploiting the folate receptor α in oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:349-359. [PMID: 32152484 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptor α (FRα) came into focus as an anticancer target many decades after the successful development of drugs targeting intracellular folate metabolism, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed. Binding to FRα is one of several methods by which folate is taken up by cells; however, this receptor is an attractive anticancer drug target owing to the overexpression of FRα in a range of solid tumours, including ovarian, lung and breast cancers. Furthermore, using FRα to better localize effective anticancer therapies to their target tumours using platforms such as antibody-drug conjugates, small-molecule drug conjugates, radioimmunoconjugates and, more recently, chimeric antigen receptor T cells could further improve the outcomes of patients with FRα-overexpressing cancers. FRα can also be harnessed for predictive biomarker research. Moreover, imaging FRα radiologically or in real time during surgery can lead to improved functional imaging and surgical outcomes, respectively. In this Review, we describe the current status of research into FRα in cancer, including data from several late-phase clinical trials involving FRα-targeted therapies, and the use of new technologies to develop FRα-targeted agents with improved therapeutic indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Scaranti
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elena Cojocaru
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susana Banerjee
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Udai Banerji
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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15
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Tie Y, Zheng H, He Z, Yang J, Shao B, Liu L, Luo M, Yuan X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li H, Wu M, Wei X. Targeting folate receptor β positive tumor-associated macrophages in lung cancer with a folate-modified liposomal complex. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:6. [PMID: 32296026 PMCID: PMC6976681 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) facilitate cancer progression by promoting tumor invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, inflammatory responses, and immunosuppression. Folate receptor β (FRβ) is overexpressed in TAMs. However, the clinical significance of FRβ-positive macrophages in lung cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we verified that FRβ overexpression in lung cancer TAMs was associated with poor prognosis. We utilized a folate-modified lipoplex comprising a folate-modified liposome (F-PLP) delivering a BIM-S plasmid to target both lung cancer cells and FRβ-positive macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Transfection of LL/2 cells and MH-S cells with F-PLP/pBIM induced cell apoptosis. Injection of F-PLP/pBIM into LL/2 and A549 lung cancer models significantly depleted FRβ-positive macrophages and reduced tumor growth. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with F-PLP/pBIM significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo by inducing tumor cell and macrophage apoptosis, reducing tumor proliferation, and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. In addition, a preliminary safety evaluation demonstrated a good safety profile of F-PLP/pBIM as a gene therapy administered intravenously. This work describes a novel application of lipoplexes in lung cancer targeted therapy that influences the tumor microenvironment by targeting TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tie
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Heng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhiyao He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Bin Shao
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiangxian Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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16
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Saw PE, Song EW. Phage display screening of therapeutic peptide for cancer targeting and therapy. Protein Cell 2019; 10:787-807. [PMID: 31140150 PMCID: PMC6834755 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-019-0639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, phage display technology has been announced as the recipient of Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018. Phage display technique allows high affinity target-binding peptides to be selected from a complex mixture pool of billions of displayed peptides on phage in a combinatorial library and could be further enriched through the biopanning process; proving to be a powerful technique in the screening of peptide with high affinity and selectivity. In this review, we will first discuss the modifications in phage display techniques used to isolate various cancer-specific ligands by in situ, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo screening methods. We will then discuss prominent examples of solid tumor targeting-peptides; namely peptide targeting tumor vasculature, tumor microenvironment (TME) and over-expressed receptors on cancer cells identified through phage display screening. We will also discuss the current challenges and future outlook for targeting peptide-based therapeutics in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Er-Wei Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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17
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Gliga AR, Taj T, Hedmer M, Assarsson E, Rylander L, Albin M, Broberg K. Mild steel welding is associated with alterations in circulating levels of cancer-related proteins. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3535-3547. [PMID: 31641807 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Welding fumes were recently classified as carcinogenic to humans and worldwide millions work as welders or perform welding operations. The purpose of this study was to identify new biomarkers of welding-induced carcinogenesis. We evaluated a panel of 91 putative cancer-related proteins in serum in a cohort of welders working with mild steel (n = 77) and controls (n = 94) from southern Sweden sampled on two occasions 6-year apart using a longitudinal analysis (linear mixed models). The significant results from the longitudinal analysis were tested for reproducibility in welders (n = 88) and controls (n = 69) sampled once during the same sampling period as timepoint 1 or timepoint 2 (linear regression models), i.e., in a cross-sectional setting. The models were adjusted for age, body-mass index, and use of snus. All study participants were non-smokers at recruitment. Exposure to welding fumes was assessed using questionnaires and respirable dust measurement in the breathing zone that was adjusted for personal respiratory protection equipment. The median respirable dust in welders was 0.7 (0.2-4.2) and 0.5 (0.1-1.9) mg/m3 at the first and second timepoints, respectively. We identified 14 cancer-related proteins that were differentially expressed in welders versus controls in the longitudinal analysis, out of which three were also differentially expressed in the cross-sectional analysis (cross-sectional group). Namely, syndecan 1 (SDC1), folate receptor 1 (FOLR1), and secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich (SPARC) were downregulated, in welders compared with controls. In addition, FOLR1 was negatively associated with years welding. Disease and function analysis indicated that the top proteins are related to lung cancer as well as cell invasion and migration. Our study indicates that moderate exposure to welding fumes is associated with changes in circulating levels of putative cancer-related proteins, out of which FOLR1 showed a clear dose-response relationship. It is, however, unclear to which extent these changes are adaptive or potential early biomarkers of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda R Gliga
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tahir Taj
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Hedmer
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Assarsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Rylander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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18
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Alkan D, Guven B, Turer CC, Balli U, Can M. Folate-receptor 1 level in periodontal disease: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:218. [PMID: 31604439 PMCID: PMC6787999 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) levels in subjects with different periodontal status. METHODS The study consists of three groups: Healthy group (n = 15), gingivitis group (n = 15) and chronic periodontitis group (n = 15). Clinical periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed. GCF and serum samples were collected from each patient and were analyzed FOLR1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The values of FOLR1 in GCF were higher in gingivitis and periodontitis groups than among patient in control group (p < 0.016). Serum FOLR1 levels showed no significant difference between the groups. A significant correlation was observed between FOLR1 levels of GCF and BOP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary data suggest that FOLR1 is not useful in monitoring the periodontal disease. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role, regulation and function of folate and it's receptors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Alkan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Berrak Guven
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Coskun Turer
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Umut Balli
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Murat Can
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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19
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Narmani A, Rezvani M, Farhood B, Darkhor P, Mohammadnejad J, Amini B, Refahi S, Abdi Goushbolagh N. Folic acid functionalized nanoparticles as pharmaceutical carriers in drug delivery systems. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:404-424. [PMID: 31140629 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapeutic approaches in cancer therapy such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have several disadvantages due to their nontargeted distributions in the whole body. On the other hand, nanoparticles (NPs) based therapies are remarkably progressing to solve several limitations of conventional drug delivery systems (DDSs) including nonspecific biodistribution and targeting, poor water solubility, weak bioavailability and biodegradability, low pharmacokinetic properties, and so forth. The enhanced permeability and retention effect escape from P-glycoprotein trap in cancer cells as a passive targeting mechanism, and active targeting strategies are also other most important advantages of NPs in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Folic acid (FA) is one of the biologic molecules which has been targeted overexpressed-folic acid receptor (FR) on the surface of cancer cells. Therefore, conjugation of FA to NPs most easily enhances the FR-mediated targeting delivery of therapeutic agents. Here, the recent works in FA which have been decorated NPs-based DDSs are discussed and cancer therapy potency of these NPs in clinical trials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Narmani
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melina Rezvani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Darkhor
- Department of Medical Physics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadnejad
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Amini
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Refahi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nouraddin Abdi Goushbolagh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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20
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Chen J, Chen X, Yang Z, Tan X, Wang J, Chen Y. Preparation and characterization of folic acid functionalized bioactive glass for targeted delivery and sustained release of methotrexate. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:319-329. [PMID: 30450695 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have successfully prepared a novel targeted drug delivery system, composed of folic acid (FA) as targeting molecule, methotrexate (MTX) as anticancer drug, and bioactive glass (BG) as carrier. The BG nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method with the dodecylamine as template. The surface of BG nanoparticles was grafted with amino groups by (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane, then, FA and MTX were covalently conjugated to the surface of modified BG through amidation reaction, so FA functionalized BG (BG-FA) and targeted drug delivery system (MTX-BG-FA) were prepared. The physicochemical properties of BG, BG-NH2 , and BG-FA were characterized by various methods, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible, and so on. Moreover, the drug release results showed that the MTX-BG-FA had sustained release property because of the peptide bond between MTX and BG-FA. And the cytocompatibility evaluation demonstrated that the BG and BG-FA were biocompatible and BG-FA even could promote cell proliferation, while the MTX-BG-FA had high cytotoxicity owning to the sustained release of anticancer drug. From the above, it could be concluded that MTX-BG-FA could kill tumor cells targetedly and sustainedly, which made it a good cancer targeted therapy material. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 319-329, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Ministry of Education Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
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21
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Kato T, Jin CS, Lee D, Ujiie H, Fujino K, Hu HP, Wada H, Wu L, Chen J, Weersink RA, kanno H, Hatanaka Y, Hatanaka KC, Kaga K, Matsui Y, Matsuno Y, De Perrot M, Wilson BC, Zheng G, Yasufuku K. Preclinical investigation of folate receptor-targeted nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2034-2046. [PMID: 30226590 PMCID: PMC6192720 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) following lung-sparing extended pleurectomy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has been investigated as a potential means to kill residual microscopic cells. High expression levels of folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) have been reported in MPM; therefore, targeting FOLR1 has been considered a novel potential strategy. The present study developed FOLR1‑targeting porphyrin-lipid nanoparticles (folate-porphysomes, FP) for the treatment of PDT. Furthermore, inhibition of activated epidermal growth factor (EGFR)-associated survival pathways enhance PDT efficacy. In the present study, these approaches were combined; FP-based PDT was used together with an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). The frequency of FOLR1 and EGFR expression in MPM was analyzed using tissue microarrays. Confocal microscopy and a cell viability assay were performed to confirm the specificity of FOLR1‑targeting cellular uptake and photocytotoxicity in vitro. In vivo fluorescence activation and therapeutic efficacy were subsequently examined. The effects of EGFR-TKI were also assessed in vitro. The in vivo combined antitumor effect of EGFR-TKI and FP-PDT was then evaluated. The results revealed that FOLR1 and EGFR were expressed in 79 and 89% of MPM samples, respectively. In addition, intracellular uptake of FP corresponded well with FOLR1 expression. When MPM cells were incubated with FP and then irradiated at 671 nm, there was significant in vitro cell death, which was inhibited in the presence of free folic acid, thus suggesting the specificity of FPs. FOLR1 targeting resulted in disassembly of the porphysomes and subsequent fluorescence activation in intrathoracic disseminated MPM tumors, as demonstrated by ex vivo tissue imaging. FP-PDT resulted in significant cellular damage and apoptosis in vivo. Furthermore, the combination of pretreatment with EGFR-TKI and FP-PDT induced a marked improvement of treatment responses. In conclusion, FP-based PDT induced selective destruction of MPM cells based on FOLR1 targeting, and pretreatment with EGFR-TKI further enhanced the therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kato
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Cheng s. Jin
- Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5
| | - Daiyoon Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Hideki Ujiie
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Kosuke Fujino
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Hsin-Pei Hu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Hironobu Wada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Licun Wu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7
| | - Rober a. Weersink
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Hiromi kanno
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hatanaka
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan
| | - Kanako c. Hatanaka
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan
| | - Kichizo Kaga
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Matsui
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsuno
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan
| | - Marc De Perrot
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Brian c. Wilson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
- DLVR Therapeutics Inc. and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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22
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Li H, Li Y, Ao H, Bi D, Han M, Guo Y, Wang X. Folate-targeting annonaceous acetogenins nanosuspensions: significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy in HeLa tumor-bearing mice. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:880-887. [PMID: 29608108 PMCID: PMC6058653 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1455761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Annonaceous acetogenins (ACGs) are one of the most active constituents isolated from Annona species with potent antitumor activity. However, the poor solubility and severe side effect greatly limit their use in clinic. In this study, folic acid (FA) modified annonaceous acetogenins nanosuspensions (FA-PEG-ACGs-NSps) had been successfully prepared using DSPE-PEG-FA and soybean lecithin (SPC) as stabilizers. The resultant FA-PEG-ACGs-NSps had a mean particle size of 119.7 nm, a zeta potential of -23.0 mV and a high drug payload of 49.68%. The obtained ACGs-NSps had a good stability in various physiological media, and showed sustained drug release. Compared to common ACGs nanoparticles (PEG-ACGs-NSps), FA-PEG-ACGs-NSps showed significantly enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity against folate receptor-positive HeLa cell lines (IC50, 0.483 μg/mL vs. 0.915 μg/mL, p < .05), which could be effectively reversed simply by pretreatment of free FA. In vivo experiments demonstrated that FA-PEG-ACGs-NSps brought more drug molecules into tumors and greatly improved the antitumor efficacy (TIR, 76.45% vs. 25.29%, p < .001). Therefore, DSPE-PEG-FA is considered as a proper stabilizer with active targeting effect for ACGs-NSps to reduce toxicity, enlarge the safe dosage range and apply in clinic for the treatment of folate-positive tumors. Therefore, FA-PEG-ACGs-NSps may be a prospective drug delivery system for ACGs to improve their therapeutic window and find application in clinic to treat FR over-expressed tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Li
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yijing Li
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Hui Ao
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Bi
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Meihua Han
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yifei Guo
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Wang
- a Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P. R. China
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23
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Rath EM, Cheng YY, Pinese M, Sarun KH, Hudson AL, Weir C, Wang YD, Håkansson AP, Howell VM, Liu GJ, Reid G, Knott RB, Duff AP, Church WB. BAMLET kills chemotherapy-resistant mesothelioma cells, holding oleic acid in an activated cytotoxic state. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203003. [PMID: 30157247 PMCID: PMC6114908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. Here we have investigated in vitro efficacy of BAMLET and BLAGLET complexes (anti-cancer complexes consisting of oleic acid and bovine α-lactalbumin or β-lactoglobulin respectively) in killing mesothelioma cells, determined BAMLET and BLAGLET structures, and investigated possible biological mechanisms. We performed cell viability assays on 16 mesothelioma cell lines. BAMLET and BLAGLET having increasing oleic acid content inhibited human and rat mesothelioma cell line proliferation at decreasing doses. Most of the non-cancer primary human fibroblasts were more resistant to BAMLET than were human mesothelioma cells. BAMLET showed similar cytotoxicity to cisplatin-resistant, pemetrexed-resistant, vinorelbine-resistant, and parental rat mesothelioma cells, indicating the BAMLET anti-cancer mechanism may be different to drugs currently used to treat mesothelioma. Cisplatin, pemetrexed, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, and BAMLET, did not demonstrate a therapeutic window for mesothelioma compared with immortalised non-cancer mesothelial cells. We demonstrated by quantitative PCR that ATP synthase is downregulated in mesothelioma cells in response to regular dosing with BAMLET. We sought structural insight for BAMLET and BLAGLET activity by performing small angle X-ray scattering, circular dichroism, and scanning electron microscopy. Our results indicate the structural mechanism by which BAMLET and BLAGLET achieve increased cytotoxicity by holding increasing amounts of oleic acid in an active cytotoxic state encapsulated in increasingly unfolded protein. Our structural studies revealed similarity in the molecular structure of the protein components of these two complexes and in their encapsulation of the fatty acid, and differences in the microscopic structure and structural stability. BAMLET forms rounded aggregates and BLAGLET forms long fibre-like aggregates whose aggregation is more stable than that of BAMLET due to intermolecular disulphide bonds. The results reported here indicate that BAMLET and BLAGLET may be effective second-line treatment options for mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Rath
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Concord, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Pinese
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kadir H. Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda L. Hudson
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Weir
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiwei D. Wang
- Burns Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Viive M. Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guo Jun Liu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Concord, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert B. Knott
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony P. Duff
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - W. Bret Church
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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24
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One-Carbon Metabolism: Biological Players in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072092. [PMID: 30029471 PMCID: PMC6073728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is deeply involved in cell behavior and homeostasis maintenance, with metabolites acting as molecular intermediates to modulate cellular functions. In particular, one-carbon metabolism is a key biochemical pathway necessary to provide carbon units required for critical processes, including nucleotide biosynthesis, epigenetic methylation, and cell redox-status regulation. It is, therefore, not surprising that alterations in this pathway may acquire fundamental importance in cancer onset and progression. Two of the major actors in one-carbon metabolism, folate and choline, play a key role in the pathobiology of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the deadliest gynecological malignancy. EOC is characterized by a cholinic phenotype sustained via increased activity of choline kinase alpha, and via membrane overexpression of the alpha isoform of the folate receptor (FRα), both of which are known to contribute to generating regulatory signals that support EOC cell aggressiveness and proliferation. Here, we describe in detail the main biological processes associated with one-carbon metabolism, and the current knowledge about its role in EOC. Moreover, since the cholinic phenotype and FRα overexpression are unique properties of tumor cells, but not of normal cells, they can be considered attractive targets for the development of therapeutic approaches.
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25
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Xing L, Xu Y, Sun K, Wang H, Zhang F, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Zhang F, Caliskan B, Qiu Z, Wang M. Identification of a peptide for folate receptor alpha by phage display and its tumor targeting activity in ovary cancer xenograft. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8426. [PMID: 29849110 PMCID: PMC5976665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression level of folate receptor alpha (FRα) is located highly rate in ovarian cancer though it is remained absent in normal tissues. This highly tumor restricted expression profile makes FRα a promising target for tumor therapy and diagnosis. In this research we report a FRα binding peptide C7(Met-His-Thr-Ala-Pro-Gly-Trp-Gly-Tyr-Arg-Leu-Ser) discovered by phage display and this peptide showed specific binding to FRα expressing cells by cell ELISA and flow cytometry. Tumor targeting ability of C7 was proved in vivo by both phage homing experiment and fluorescence imaging. C7 can be internalized by SKOV3 cells and its affinity to FRα was determined by MST. The molecular recognition was revealed by structure modeling, suggesting its binding mode with FRα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Keyong Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Fengguo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Zhengpin Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Bilgen Caliskan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China.
| | - Min Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China.
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26
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Cheung A, Bax HJ, Josephs DH, Ilieva KM, Pellizzari G, Opzoomer J, Bloomfield J, Fittall M, Grigoriadis A, Figini M, Canevari S, Spicer JF, Tutt AN, Karagiannis SN. Targeting folate receptor alpha for cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52553-52574. [PMID: 27248175 PMCID: PMC5239573 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Promising targeted treatments and immunotherapy strategies in oncology and advancements in our understanding of molecular pathways that underpin cancer development have reignited interest in the tumor-associated antigen Folate Receptor alpha (FRα). FRα is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein. Its overexpression in tumors such as ovarian, breast and lung cancers, low and restricted distribution in normal tissues, alongside emerging insights into tumor-promoting functions and association of expression with patient prognosis, together render FRα an attractive therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the role of FRα in cancer development, we consider FRα as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool, and we discuss different targeted treatment approaches with a specific focus on monoclonal antibodies. Renewed attention to FRα may point to novel individualized treatment approaches to improve the clinical management of patient groups that do not adequately benefit from current conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Cheung
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debra H Josephs
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina M Ilieva
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Pellizzari
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Opzoomer
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacinta Bloomfield
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Fittall
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - James F Spicer
- Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Ma T, Hou Y, Zeng J, Liu C, Zhang P, Jing L, Shangguan D, Gao M. Dual-Ratiometric Target-Triggered Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Quantitative Visualization of Tumor Microenvironment Protease Activity and pH in Vivo. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 140:211-218. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiancong Ma
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Hou
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianfeng Zeng
- Center
for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, School for Radiological
and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lihong Jing
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- CAS
Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center
for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, School for Radiological
and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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28
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Chen Q, Meng X, McQuade P, Rubins D, Lin SA, Zeng Z, Haley H, Miller P, González Trotter D, Low PS. Folate-PEG-NOTA-Al 18F: A New Folate Based Radiotracer for PET Imaging of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumors. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4353-4361. [PMID: 29028357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The folate receptor (FR) has been established as a promising target for imaging and therapy of cancer (FR-α), inflammation, and autoimmune diseases (FR-β). Several folate based PET radiotracers have been reported in the literature, but an 18F-labeled folate-PET imaging agent with optimal properties for clinical translation is still lacking. In the present study, we report the design and preclinical evaluation of folate-PEG12-NOTA-Al18F (1), a new folate-PET agent with improved potential for clinical applications. Radiochemical synthesis of 1 was achieved via a one-pot labeling process by heating folate-PEG12-NOTA in the presence of in situ prepared Al18F for 15 min at 105 °C, followed by HPLC purification. Specific binding of 1 to FR was evaluated on homogenates of KB (FR-positive) and A549 (FR-deficient) tumor xenografts in the presence and absence of excess folate. In vivo tumor imaging with folate-PEG12-NOTA-Al18F was compared to imaging with 99mTc-EC20 using nu/nu mice bearing either KB or A549 tumor xenografts. Specific accumulation of 1 in tumor and other tissues was assessed by high-resolution micro-PET and ex vivo biodistribution in the presence and absence of excess folate. Radiosynthesis of 1 was accomplished within ∼35 min, affording pure radiotracer 1 in 8.4 ± 1.3% (decay corrected) radiochemical yield with ∼100% radiochemical purity after HPLC purification and a specific activity of 35.8 ± 15.3 GBq/mmol. Further in vitro and in vivo examination of 1 demonstrated highly specific FR-mediated uptake in FR+ tumor, with Kd of ∼0.4 nM (KB), and reduced accumulation in liver. Given its facile preparation and improved properties, the new radiotracer, folate-PEG12-NOTA-Al18F (1), constitutes a promising tool for identification and classification of patients with FR overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshou Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Paul McQuade
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Daniel Rubins
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Shu-An Lin
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Zhizhen Zeng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Hyking Haley
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patricia Miller
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Dinko González Trotter
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc. , 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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29
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Kato T, Jin CS, Ujiie H, Lee D, Fujino K, Wada H, Hu HP, Weersink RA, Chen J, Kaji M, Kaga K, Matsui Y, Wilson BC, Zheng G, Yasufuku K. Nanoparticle targeted folate receptor 1-enhanced photodynamic therapy for lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2017; 113:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Ginter PS, McIntire PJ, Cui X, Irshaid L, Liu Y, Chen Z, Shin SJ. Folate Receptor Alpha Expression Is Associated With Increased Risk of Recurrence in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 17:544-549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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31
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Kennedy GT, Newton A, Predina J, Singhal S. Intraoperative near-infrared imaging of mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:279-284. [PMID: 28713673 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Though difficult to achieve, complete resection of malignant pleural mesothelioma is paramount to improving patient survival. Surgeons have traditionally been limited to using visual inspection and manual palpation to locate and remove cancerous tissue. However, intraoperative molecular imaging (IMI) is a promising new technology in surgery. Molecular imaging utilizes a fluorescent tracer that selectively accumulates in cancer cells. An imaging device is then used to detect and augment the fluorescent signal emitted from the fluorescent cancer cells. Our group and others have demonstrated that molecular imaging with either indocyanine green (ICG) or a folate receptor alpha (FRα) targeted fluorophore can accurately identify a number of intrathoracic malignancies. Early studies of intraoperative imaging have suggested its efficacy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. In a murine model of mesothelioma, intraoperative imaging was found to have sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 83%. In a pilot human study, eight patients with biopsy-proven epithelial malignant pleural mesothelioma were administered 5 mg/kg of intravenous ICG injection 24 h prior to resection. The following day, a near-infrared (NIR) imaging device was used to detect tumor fluorescence intraoperatively. After what was believed to be complete tumor excision, the wound bed was re-imaged for residual fluorescence indicative of retained tumor. When residual fluorescence was detected, additional tissue was resected, if feasible, and specimens were sent for pathologic correlation. In all cases, intraoperative fluorescence localized to mesothelioma deposits which were confirmed on final pathology. Following resection, fluorescence was confirmed ex vivo with a mean tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) of 3.2 (IQR: 2.9-3.4). It is hoped that this technology will improve outcomes for mesothelioma patients by allowing for a more complete oncologic resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Thomas Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Newton
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jarrod Predina
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Li K, Liu Y, Zhang S, Xu Y, Jiang J, Yin F, Hu Y, Han B, Ge S, Zhang L, Wang Y. Folate receptor-targeted ultrasonic PFOB nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and application in tumor-targeted imaging. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1505-1515. [PMID: 28487935 PMCID: PMC5428942 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to determine an effective strategy for the synthesis of folate receptor (FR) targeted-nanoparticles (FRNPs). The nanoparticles used as ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) were composed of a liquid core of perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) liposome and a targeted shell chemically conjugated with folic acid (FA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). This was done in order to avoid recognition and clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system [also known as the reticuloendothelial system (RES)] and enhance the targeting capability of the nanoparticles to tumors overexpressing folate receptor (FR). The FRNPs exhibited an average particle size of 301±10.8 nm and surface potential of 39.1±0.43 mV. Subsequently, in vitro, FRNPs labeled with FITC fluorescence dye were visibly uptaken into the cytoplasm of FR-overexpressing cancer cells (Bel7402 and SW620 cells), whereas the A549 cells expressing relatively low levels of FR just bound with few FRNPs. These results demonstrated that FRNPs have a high affinity to FR-overexpressing cancer cells. Additionally, in in vivo experiments, FRNPs achieved a greater enhancement of tumor ultrasound imaging and a longer enhancement time in FR-overexpressing tumors and the Cy7-labeled FRNPs exhibited a relatively high tumor-targeted distribution in FR-overexpressing tumors. Targeted ultrasound and fluorescence imaging revealed that FRNPs have the ability to target FR-overexpressing tumors and ex vivo fluorescence imaging was then used to further verify and confirm the presence of FRNPs in tumor tissues with histological analysis of the tumor slices. On the whole, our data demonstrate that the FRNPs may prove to be a promising candidate for the early diagnosis for FR-overexpressing tumors at the molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Youfeng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Jianshuai Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Fengying Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Baosan Han
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Shuxiong Ge
- Ningbo Medical School of Ningbo University, Jiangbei, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Ningbo Medical School of Ningbo University, Jiangbei, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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Sunamoto J, Ushio K, Lai DT. Folate-Modified Cholesterol-Bearing Pullulan, a New Cancer-Targeted Nanoparticle Drug Carrier: Synthesis and Applications. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911506071967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Folate-modified cholesterol-bearing pullulan (FA-CHP) was synthesized by the reaction of folic acid [.beta]-2-aminoethylamide and 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate-activated cholesterol-bearing pullulan. The substitution ratio was estimated as 10% per glucoside units. Several combinations of FA-CHP, unmodified cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHP) and doxorubicin (DOX) mixtures were tested for cancer-selective cytotoxicity in vitro. A combination of FA-CHP/CHP/DOX of 1:4:0.02 (weight ratio) had aggressive and selective effects on human epidermoid cancer KB cells, known to express a high level of folate receptor, while the same nanoparticle mixture had a weak effect on the growth of normal human fetal lung fibroblast TIG-1-20 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazutoshi Ushio
- Niihama National College of Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 7–1 Yagumo, Niihama, Ehime 792–8580, Japan
| | - Douglas T. Lai
- Niihama National College of Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 7–1 Yagumo, Niihama, Ehime 792–8580, Japan
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Hidaka M, Kanematsu T, Ushio K, Sunamoto J. Selective and Effective Cytotoxicity of Folic Acidconjugated Cholesteryl Pullulan Hydrogel Nanoparticles Complexed with Doxorubicin inΓIn Vitro and ΓIn Vivo Studies. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911506069871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that cholesteryl pullulan (CHP) derivatives were effective carriers drug delivery systems in targeting cancer cells. We have now synthesized folic acid-conjugated CHP hydrogel nanoparticles (FACHP). FA-CHP complexed with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) show a higher cytotoxicity than CHP complexed with DOX in in vitro studies. The expression of a folate receptor (FR) is elevated in many cancers; in this case, confocal image analysis revealed that FA-CHP complexed with DOX exhibited greater cellular uptake than CHP complexed with DOX in human epidermal carcinoma (KB) cells over-expressing surface FR. In vivo studies showed that the increase of tumor volume in a nude mice xenograft model was significantly suppressed. Accordingly, FA-CHP may be an effective vehicle for the delivery of anticancer drugs and has a potential application in the treatment of overexpressing FR solid tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Hidaka
- Department of Transplantation and Digestive Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8102, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanematsu
- Department of Transplantation and Digestive Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8102, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Ushio
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Niihama National College of Technology
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Song DG, Ye Q, Poussin M, Liu L, Figini M, Powell DJ. A fully human chimeric antigen receptor with potent activity against cancer cells but reduced risk for off-tumor toxicity. Oncotarget 2016; 6:21533-46. [PMID: 26101914 PMCID: PMC4673284 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) can redirect T cells against antigen-expressing tumors in an HLA-independent manner. To date, various CARs have been constructed using mouse single chain antibody variable fragments (scFvs) of high affinity that are immunogenic in humans and have the potential to mediate “on-target” toxicity. Here, we developed and evaluated a fully human CAR comprised of the human C4 folate receptor-alpha (αFR)-specific scFv coupled to intracellular T cell signaling domains. Human T cells transduced to express the C4 CAR specifically secreted proinflammatory cytokine and exerted cytolytic functions when cultured with αFR-expressing tumors in vitro. Adoptive transfer of C4 CAR T cells mediated the regression of large, established human ovarian cancer in a xenogeneic mouse model. Relative to a murine MOv19 scFv-based αFR CAR, C4 CAR T cells mediated comparable cytotoxic tumor activity in vitro and in vivo but had lower affinity for αFR protein and exhibited reduced recognition of normal cells expressing low levels of αFR. Thus, T cells expressing a fully human CAR of intermediate affinity can efficiently kill antigen-expressing tumors in vitro and in vivo and may overcome issues of transgene immunogenicity and “on-target off-tumor” toxicity that plague trials utilizing CARs containing mouse-derived, high affinity scFvs.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Gang Song
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qunrui Ye
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mathilde Poussin
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel J Powell
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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36
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Sheikh UN, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT. Utility of folate receptor alpha immunohistochemistry in cytology specimens of metastatic breast carcinoma, metastatic serous carcinoma of Müllerian origin, and primary lung adenocarcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44:369-76. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.23448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umer N. Sheikh
- Department of Pathology; Emory University Hospital; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Cynthia Cohen
- Department of Pathology; Emory University Hospital; Atlanta Georgia
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Kurosaki A, Hasegawa K, Kato T, Abe K, Hanaoka T, Miyara A, O'Shannessy DJ, Somers EB, Yasuda M, Sekino T, Fujiwara K. Serum folate receptor alpha as a biomarker for ovarian cancer: Implications for diagnosis, prognosis and predicting its local tumor expression. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1994-2002. [PMID: 26595060 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptor alpha (FRA) is a GPI-anchored glycoprotein and encoded by the FOLR1 gene. High expression of FRA is observed in specific malignant tumors of epithelial origin, including ovarian cancer, but exhibits very limited normal tissue expression, making it as an attractive target for the ovarian cancer therapy. FRA is known to shed from the cell surface into the circulation which allows for its measurement in the serum of patients. Recently, methods to detect the soluble form of FRA have been developed and serum FRA (sFRA) is considered a highly promising biomarker for ovarian cancer. We prospectively investigated the levels of sFRA in patients clinically suspected of having malignant ovarian tumors. A total of 231 patients were enrolled in this study and analyzed for sFRA as well as tumor expression of FRA by immunohistochemistry. High sFRA was predominantly observed in epithelial ovarian cancer patients, but not in patients with benign or borderline gynecological disease or metastatic ovarian tumors from advanced colorectal cancers. Levels of sFRA were highly correlated to clinical stage, tumor grade and histological type and demonstrated superior accuracy for the detection of ovarian cancer than did serum CA125. High sFRA was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival in both early and advanced ovarian cancer patients. Finally, tumor FRA expression status was strongly correlated with sFRA levels. Taken together, these data suggest that sFRA might be a useful noninvasive serum biomarkers for future clinical trials assessing FRA-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kurosaki
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kato
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Abe
- Department of Research and Development, EIDIA Co. Ltd, Inashiki, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hanaoka
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyara
- Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | | | - Elizabeth B Somers
- Department of Translation Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Inc, Exton, PA
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sekino
- Department of Research and Development, EIDIA Co. Ltd, Inashiki, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
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38
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Gold nanoprobes-based resonance Rayleigh scattering assay platform: Sensitive cytosensing of breast cancer cells and facile monitoring of folate receptor expression. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 74:165-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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39
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Sheikh UN, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT. Folate Receptor Alpha Immunohistochemistry in Cytology Specimens of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma. Acta Cytol 2015; 59:298-304. [PMID: 26413911 DOI: 10.1159/000440796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate receptor alpha (FRA) is involved in folate accumulation and utilization, and is expressed in varying proportions in breast, ovary and parotid epithelial cells, among others. FRA overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been shown in estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR)-negative carcinoma (40-74%) and in triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC; 50-86%) in histological specimens of primary breast cancers. We assessed the feasibility of IHC in detecting FRA expression and its patterns and clinical significance in metastatic TNBC in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cell blocks (CBs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Metastatic breast ductal carcinoma cases were retrospectively immunostained with FRA IHC on FNA CBs. FRA staining was scored qualitatively (+/-), by intensity (0-3) and by staining area (0-100%). Of these metastatic cases, a subset of primary breast carcinoma cases was also immunostained with FRA. The results were correlated with ER, PR and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/Neu) performed by routine IHC. RESULTS A total of 40 FNA CBs with metastatic disease were studied, including hormone (ER/PR) positive (n = 5), triple positive (n = 5), Her2/Neu-only positive (n = 5) and TNBC (n = 25). FRA IHC showed immunoreactivity with moderate positivity in only 1 (4%) TNBC. All the remaining 39 cases were negative for FRA expression. Five cases of primary TNBC were stained with FRA IHC and were negative for FRA expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that FRA expression by IHC was rarely associated with ER/PR-negative tumors relative to ER/PR-positive tumors and, more importantly, with TNBC in FNA CBs. This finding may have a clinical significance and prognostic implications in metastatic breast carcinoma. Furthermore, 5 primary TNBC cases did not overexpress FRA by IHC. Hence, antifolate receptor therapies do not appear to be clinically relevant in TNBC based on immunostaining of FNA CBs of metastatic breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer N Sheikh
- Department of Pathology, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga., USA
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40
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Shi H, Guo J, Li C, Wang Z. A current review of folate receptor alpha as a potential tumor target in non-small-cell lung cancer. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:4989-96. [PMID: 26357465 PMCID: PMC4560517 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s90670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading common cause of cancer-related death, with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 80% of all cases. To date, platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is the cornerstone of first-line therapy. However, these agents have limited use in patients who have relapsed and have metastatic disease. Therefore, novel strategies are required to improve the clinical outcome. Folate receptor alpha (FRA) is overexpressed in the majority of NSCLC, particularly in lung adenocarcinomas. FRA is largely absent from normal tissue, making it an attractive therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss FRA expression in NSCLC, conjugated FRA agents, monoclonal antibody, and FRA-specific T-cell-based therapeutic strategies aiming to improve the cure rate of FRA-expressing NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Shi
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Changzheng Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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41
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Yamada Y, Nakatani H, Yanaihara H, Omote M. Phase I clinical trial of 99mTc-etarfolatide, an imaging agent for folate receptor in healthy Japanese adults. Ann Nucl Med 2015; 29:792-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-015-1006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sandoval S, Mendez N, Alfaro JG, Yang J, Aschemeyer S, Liberman A, Trogler WC, Kummel AC. Quantification of endocytosis using a folate functionalized silica hollow nanoshell platform. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:88003. [PMID: 26315280 PMCID: PMC5996829 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.8.088003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A quantification method to measure endocytosis was designed to assess cellular uptake and specificity of a targeting nanoparticle platform. A simple N -hydroxysuccinimide ester conjugation technique to functionalize 100-nm hollow silica nanoshell particles with fluorescent reporter fluorescein isothiocyanate and folate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) was developed. Functionalized nanoshells were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and the maximum amount of folate functionalized on nanoshell surfaces was quantified with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The extent of endocytosis by HeLa cervical cancer cells and human foreskin fibroblast (HFF-1) cells was investigated in vitro using fluorescence and confocal microscopy. A simple fluorescence ratio analysis was developed to quantify endocytosis versus surface adhesion. Nanoshells functionalized with folate showed enhanced endocytosis by cancer cells when compared to PEG functionalized nanoshells. Fluorescence ratio analyses showed that 95% of folate functionalized silica nanoshells which adhered to cancer cells were endocytosed, while only 27% of PEG functionalized nanoshells adhered to the cell surface and underwent endocytosis when functionalized with 200 and 900 μg , respectively. Additionally, the endocytosis of folate functionalized nanoshells proved to be cancer cell selective while sparing normal cells. The developed fluorescence ratio analysis is a simple and rapid verification/validation method to quantify cellular uptake between datasets by using an internal control for normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sandoval
- University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, Department of Bioengineering, CalIT Nanomedicine Laboratory, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Natalie Mendez
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Nanoengineering, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jesus G. Alfaro
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Nanoengineering, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Nanoengineering, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Sharraya Aschemeyer
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Alex Liberman
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Nanoengineering, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - William C. Trogler
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Andrew C. Kummel
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Stolzoff M, Ekladious I, Colby AH, Colson YL, Porter TM, Grinstaff MW. Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Polymer/Lipid Expansile Nanoparticles: Imparting Surface Functionality for Targeting and Stability. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1958-66. [PMID: 26053219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The size, drug loading, drug release kinetics, localization, biodistribution, and stability of a given polymeric nanoparticle (NP) system depend on the composition of the NP core as well as its surface properties. In this study, novel, pH-responsive, and lipid-coated NPs, which expand in size from a diameter of approximately 100 to 1000 nm in the presence of a mildly acidic pH environment, are synthesized and characterized. Specifically, a combined miniemulsion and free-radical polymerization method is used to prepare the NPs in the presence of PEGylated lipids. These PEGylated-lipid expansile NPs (PEG-L-eNPs) combine the swelling behavior of the polymeric core of expansile NPs with the improved colloidal stability and surface functionality of PEGylated liposomes. The surface functionality of PEG-L-eNPs allows for the incorporation of folic acid (FA) and folate receptor-targeting. The resulting hybrid polymer/lipid nanocarriers, FA-PEG-L-eNPs, exhibit greater in vitro uptake and potency when loaded with paclitaxel compared to nontargeted PEG-L-eNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yolonda L Colson
- §Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Zhao R, Visentin M, Goldman ID. Determinants of the activities of antifolates delivered into cells by folate-receptor-mediated endocytosis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 75:1163-73. [PMID: 25847479 PMCID: PMC4442060 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Elements in the endocytic process that are determinants of the activities of antifolates delivered by folate-receptor alpha (FRα) were explored. METHODS Antifolate growth inhibition was assessed with a 1- or 5-day exposure in reduced folate carrier-null HeLa cell lines that express a high level of FRα in the presence or absence of the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT). pH-dependent rates of dissociation from FRα were also determined. RESULTS With a 1-day drug exposure which is relevant to the pulse clinical administration of these drugs, FRα expression enhanced raltitrexed activity and modestly enhanced ZD9331 activity, but did not significantly augment the activity of pemetrexed or lomotrexol. With a 5-day drug exposure, FRα-mediated growth inhibition was increased for raltitrexed and ZD9331 and emerged for lomotrexol. While the FRα-augmented activity of lomotrexol and raltitrexed did not require PCFT, augmentation of ZD9331 activity required the co-expression of PCFT with both 1- and 5-day exposures. In contrast, there was no augmentation of pemetrexed activity by FRα under any condition. The activities of these agents correlated with their rate of dissociation from the receptor at acidic pH: raltitrexed > ZD9331 > lomotrexol > pemetrexed consistent with insufficient pemetrexed release from FRα for export from the endosomes. CONCLUSIONS FRα is unlikely to contribute to the pharmacological activity of antifolates, such as pemetrexed, that bind tightly to, and dissociate slowly from, the receptor particularly when the exposure time is brief. While PCFT was required for FRα-mediated ZD9931 activity, the activities of the other antifolates was independent of PCFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbao Zhao
- Departments of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Chanin 628, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA,
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The folate receptor as a rational therapeutic target for personalized cancer treatment. Drug Resist Updat 2014; 17:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Somers EB, O'Shannessy DJ. Folate receptor alpha, mesothelin and megakaryocyte potentiating factor as potential serum markers of chronic kidney disease. Biomark Insights 2014; 9:29-37. [PMID: 24932099 PMCID: PMC4051790 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal disease is the eighth leading cause of death in the United States. Early diagnosis is usually based on the detection of proteinuria or elevated serum creatinine, a relatively poor biomarker that does not accurately predict renal disease progression. As a result, more predictive biomarkers of renal function are sought. We present preliminary data on three protein biomarkers, folate receptor alpha (FRA), mesothelin (MSLN), and megakaryocyte potentiating factor (MPF), currently being pursued for applications in oncology diagnostics, and evaluate serum and urine levels in subjects with renal disease. Compared to healthy subjects, a significant (P < 0.0001) increase in all three biomarkers in both serum and urine of subjects with renal disease was demonstrated. Further, serum levels of these three protein biomarkers increased with increasing stage of disease suggesting their potential value in predicting progression in subjects with renal disease and raising caution in interpretation of data in oncology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Somers
- Department of Translation Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Inc., Exton, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J O'Shannessy
- Department of Translation Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Inc., Exton, PA, USA
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Expression of folate receptor-α (FRA) in gynecologic malignancies and its relationship to the tumor type. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2013; 32:258-68. [PMID: 23518909 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0b013e3182774562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An immunohistochemical evaluation for folate receptor-α (FRA) was undertaken to evaluate expression in gynecologic malignancies involving ovary, endometrium, and the fallopian tube. Commercial tissue microarrays were assessed using an optimized manual immunohistochemical method using MAb 26B3, a newly described monoclonal antibody. A positive result was defined as ≥5% of the sample demonstrating membranous staining. A semiquantitative staining algorithm, defined as the M-score, was used to analyze staining intensity between sample histotypes. MAb 26B3 showed uniform membranous staining and high levels of expression of FRA in ovarian, fallopian tube, and endometrial cancers. All serous ovarian cancers analyzed (70) were positive for FRA expression and no relationship to stage or grade was found. However, a significant difference for FRA expression, between serous and mucinous ovarian carcinomas, was demonstrated (P=0.014). In addition, approximately 90% of all endometrial adenocarcinomas were positive for FRA expression but, unlike ovarian serous carcinomas, a statistically significant relationship to grade was observed (P=0.0029). Although normal ovary is completely devoid of FRA immunoreactivity, normal fallopian tube and cortical serous/tubal inclusion cysts demonstrated uniform and intense FRA staining of columnar epithelium supporting the hypothesis that serous ovarian carcinoma is similar to the tubal epithelium. The data presented further support the hypothesis that FRA expression in gynecologic tumors is due to the cell of origin normally expressing this receptor. This is possibly due to an associated growth advantage, rather than the process of tumorigenesis resulting in aberrant expression of FRA per se.
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Nowak AK. Chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma: a review of current management and a look to the future. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 1:508-15. [PMID: 23977545 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2225-319x.2012.10.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Nowak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; ; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, M503, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; ; National Research Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, M503, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Structures of human folate receptors reveal biological trafficking states and diversity in folate and antifolate recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15180-8. [PMID: 23934049 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1308827110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifolates, folate analogs that inhibit vitamin B9 (folic acid)-using cellular enzymes, have been used over several decades for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. Cellular uptake of the antifolates in clinical use occurs primarily via widely expressed facilitative membrane transporters. More recently, human folate receptors (FRs), high affinity receptors that transport folate via endocytosis, have been proposed as targets for the specific delivery of new classes of antifolates or folate conjugates to tumors or sites of inflammation. The development of specific, FR-targeted antifolates would be accelerated if additional biophysical data, particularly structural models of the receptors, were available. Here we describe six distinct crystallographic models that provide insight into biological trafficking of FRs and distinct binding modes of folate and antifolates to these receptors. From comparison of the structures, we delineate discrete structural conformations representative of key stages in the endocytic trafficking of FRs and propose models for pH-dependent conformational changes. Additionally, we describe the molecular details of human FR in complex with three clinically prevalent antifolates, pemetrexed (also Alimta), aminopterin, and methotrexate. On the whole, our data form the basis for rapid design and implementation of unique, FR-targeted, folate-based drugs for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Kularatne SA, Bélanger MJ, Meng X, Connolly BM, Vanko A, Suresch DL, Guenther I, Wang S, Low PS, McQuade P, Trotter DG. Comparative Analysis of Folate Derived PET Imaging Agents with [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose Using a Rodent Inflammatory Paw Model. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:3103-11. [PMID: 23819524 DOI: 10.1021/mp4001684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumith A. Kularatne
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Marie-José Bélanger
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Brett M. Connolly
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Amy Vanko
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Donna L. Suresch
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Ilonka Guenther
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Shubing Wang
- Biometrics Research Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Philip S. Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Paul McQuade
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Dinko González Trotter
- Imaging Department, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
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