1
|
Vu HT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen AT. Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Dementia among the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:52. [PMID: 38667519 PMCID: PMC11050290 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Up until now, there is still no medicine that can cure dementia, but there are some that can only help slow down the progression of the disease and reduce some symptoms. Pharmacological interventions for dementia have many side effects and are expensive, so non-pharmacological treatments for dementia become more urgent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of multifactorial non-pharmacological interventions in dementia patients; (2) Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial conducted in Hai Duong from July 2021 to December 2022. Selected subjects included 88 patients diagnosed with very mild, mild, and moderate dementia, of whom 44 patients were assigned to the intervention group and 44 patients to the control group; (3) Results: For the effectiveness of the non-pharmacological multifactorial intervention on depression severity: in the intervention group, the GDS 15 depression score decreased from 4.8 to 2.9, while, in the control group, the GDS 15 depression score increased by 1.3 points after six months of no intervention. For the effect of the non-pharmacological multifactorial intervention on the level of sleep disturbance, in the intervention group, the PSQI sleep disturbance score decreased by nearly half (from 10.2 to 5.6), while, in the control group, this trend was not clear. For the effect of the non-pharmacological multifactorial intervention on daily functioning: in the intervention group, the ADL and IADL scores improved (1.02 ± 1.32 and 1.23 ± 1.75), while, in the control group, the ADL and IADL scores decreased (0.93 ± 1.2 and 0.98 ± 2.19). For the effect of the non-pharmacological multifactorial intervention on quality of life: in the intervention group, the EQ-5D-5L scores improved (0.17 ± 0.19), while, in the control group, the EQ-5D-5L scores decreased (0.20 ± 0.30); (4) Conclusions: Non-pharmacological multifactorial interventions, including physical activity, cognitive training, listening to educational lectures, and organizing miniature social models, have been shown to improve mental health, self-control, and quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huong Thu Vu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Hung Trong Nguyen
- National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Neurology Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bonfigli AR, Gagliardi C, Protic O, Lamedica AM, Luconi MP, Turchi F, Tortato E, Di Rosa M, Lucertini F, Spazzafumo L. Impact of a Discontinuous Training Program on Sedentary Behavior in Italian Type 2 Diabetes Older Patients: The Results of the TRIPL-A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:848. [PMID: 38667610 PMCID: PMC11049806 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12080848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Physical activity is an important predictor of quality of life in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Unfortunately, most T2D adults adopt a sedentary lifestyle. The randomized, controlled TRIPL-A trial aims to verify the effect of a personalized, discontinuous exercise program on a sedentary lifestyle of T2D older adults. Methods: A total of 305 T2D patients (mean age ± SD: 68.8 ± 3.3 years) were divided into a control arm receiving only behavioral counseling and an intervention arm of an 18-month supervised discontinuous exercise program (ERS). The primary outcomes were the changes in sitting time (ST) and metabolic equivalent (MET) values, both evaluated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. A repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used to compare study outcomes. Results: The ST and MET differed significantly during the study compared to the control group (p = 0.028 and p = 0.004, respectively). In the intervention group, a decrease from baseline in ST at 6 months (p = 0.01) and an increase in MET values at 6 months (p = 0.01) up to 12 months (p < 0.01) were found. No significant differences were found for the other variables. Conclusions: Beneficial lifestyle changes were found within the first year of intervention. These results align with the theory of change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Bonfigli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Gagliardi
- Centre for Socio-Economic Research on Ageing, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60124 Ancona, Italy
| | - Olga Protic
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Adrianapia Maria Lamedica
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Luconi
- Diabetology Unit, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Turchi
- Diabetology Unit, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Tortato
- Diabetology Unit, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Rosa
- Centre for Biostatistics and Applied Geriatric Clinical Epidemiology, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60124 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Francesco Lucertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Liana Spazzafumo
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mija Chavez LD, López Berrocal LE, Del Carpio Coya A, Gutiérrez Villafuerte C. [Correlation between physical activity and the symptoms of depression in senior centers in Lima, Peru]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2024; 59:101489. [PMID: 38518547 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2024.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Depression in the elderly is a growing problem, and exercise is a strategy to prevent it. We aim to identify the correlation between scores obtained in the Geriatric Depression Scale - 15 items (GDS-15) for depressive symptomatology and Metabolic equivalent of task (MET) obtained in the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-S) for physical activity in aged attending senior centers in a district of Lima, Peru. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in three senior centers in Miraflores, Lima, Peru. Participants (n=158) completed a three-part questionnaire, including a sociodemographic survey to collect general participant data, the GDS-15 to assess the level of depressive symptomatology, and the IPAQ-S to evaluate the amount of physical activity performed in the last week. RESULTS A mild but significant inverse linear correlation was identified between the GDS-15 score and METs obtained in the IPAQ-S (rho=-0.213, p=0.007). Moderate to severe depressive symptomatology decreased with a higher level of physical activity: 4.3% low level, 3.3% moderate level, and no cases in those with vigorous activity; however, these differences were not significant (p=0.541, Kendall's Tau B test). CONCLUSIóN: The results showed that individuals with moderate to severe depressive symptoms show a lower level of depressive symptoms in relation to the degree of physical activity carried out in the last week.
Collapse
|
4
|
Nguyen DT, Penta M, Questienne C, Garbusinski J, Nguyen CV, Sauvage C. Normative values in healthy adults for the 6-minute and 2-minute walk tests in Belgium and Vietnam: implications for clinical practice. J Rehabil Med 2024; 56:jrm18628. [PMID: 38501732 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v56.18628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish reference values for the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and 2-minute walk test (2MWT) distances, to investigate the correlation between these 2 tests, and to establish prediction equations for these distances in healthy populations of Belgium and Vietnam. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The 6MWT and 2MWT were administered to a convenience sample of 239 Belgian and 303 Vietnamese participants between the ages of 18 and 80 years. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation; SD) 2MWT distances were 215 (32.8) m for Belgian participants and 156 (25.5) m for Vietnamese participants. The mean (SD) 6MWT distances were 625 (90.7) m for Belgian participants and 449 (70.4) m for Vietnamese participants. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the 2 tests was 0.901 (p < 0.001) for Belgian participants and 0.871 (p < 0.001) for Vietnamese participants. Age and sex were the 2 most important predictors of walking distance, followed by body mass index for Belgium and height for Vietnam. The adjusted R² ranged from 0.31 to 0.49 across 4 predictive equations. CONCLUSION These results can be used to determine the presence of walking performance deficits and to guide future studies. The 2MWT is suggested as a useful and convenient alternative to the 6MWT for assessing walking performance in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duy Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Motricity Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Massimo Penta
- Institute of NeuroScience, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Arsalis, Glabais, Belgium
| | - Claire Questienne
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Johanne Garbusinski
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Chinh Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Chloé Sauvage
- Faculty of Motricity Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium; Department of Neurorehabilitation, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vo HT, Dao TD, Duong TV, Nguyen TT, Do BN, Do TX, Pham KM, Vu VH, Pham LV, Nguyen LTH, Le LTH, Nguyen HC, Dang NH, Nguyen TH, Nguyen AT, Nguyen HV, Nguyen PB, Nguyen HTT, Pham TTM, Le TT, Nguyen TTP, Tran CQ, Nguyen KT. Impact of long COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress disorder as modified by health literacy: an observational study in Vietnam. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024; 15:33-44. [PMID: 38481048 PMCID: PMC10982660 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased, particularly among individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Health literacy is considered a "social vaccine" that helps people respond effectively to the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the association between long COVID-19 and PTSD, and to examine the modifying role of health literacy in this association. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers in Vietnam from December 2021 to October 2022. We recruited 4,463 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 infection for at least 4 weeks. Participants provided information about their sociodemographics, clinical parameters, health-related behaviors, health literacy (using the 12-item short-form health literacy scale), long COVID-19 symptoms and PTSD (Impact Event Scale-Revised score of 33 or higher). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations and interactions. RESULTS Out of the study sample, 55.9% had long COVID-19 symptoms, and 49.6% had PTSD. Individuals with long COVID-19 symptoms had a higher likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63-2.12; p<0.001). Higher health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99; p=0.001). Compared to those without long COVID-19 symptoms and the lowest health literacy score, those with long COVID-19 symptoms and a 1-point health literacy increment had a 3% lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99; p=0.001). CONCLUSION Health literacy was found to be a protective factor against PTSD and modified the negative impact of long COVID-19 symptoms on PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Thi Vo
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Tien Duc Dao
- Institute of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Military Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tan Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Orthopedics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
- Director Office, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Binh Nhu Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Military Science, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tinh Xuan Do
- Department of Psychiatry, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khue Minh Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Hai Vu
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Linh Van Pham
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Lien Thi Hong Nguyen
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Lan Thi Huong Le
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Biochemistry Department, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Cong Nguyen
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- President Office, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Nga Hoang Dang
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Department of Quality Control, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | | | - Anh The Nguyen
- Director Office, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hai Duong, Vietnam
| | - Hoan Van Nguyen
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoai Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Kien An Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thi Minh Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Thi Le
- President Office, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Institute for Community Health Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Quoc Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Kien Trung Nguyen
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ayari S, Abellard A, Sakrani S, Krinitskaia A, Grzelak M, Nader RB, Gavarry O. Comparison of dance and aerobic exercise on cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms in sedentary older adults with cognitive impairment. Eur Geriatr Med 2023; 14:1289-1299. [PMID: 37656350 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the effects of dance and aerobic exercise on cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms in older people with cognitive impairment. METHODS Twenty-three older adults (mean age = 78 ± 7 years; males: n = 7, females: n = 16) attending a day care center and diagnosed with cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to a 16-week dance intervention or an aerobic exercise intervention (60 min/week). Cognitive function [Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)], neuropsychiatric symptoms [Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), Neuro-Psychiatric Inventory-R (NPI-R)], and physical function [Timed Up and Go (TUG), Activity Daily Living (ADL)] were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. After Borg scale assessment, these two physical activities were performed at similar intensity (60-70% HRR). RESULTS MMSE score increased significantly after the intervention in the dance group (+ 3.3/+ 14%, p = 0.03), especially memory performance (+1/+220%, p = 0.03), but not in the aerobic exercise group. GDS-15 and NPI-R decreased significantly after the intervention in both groups (p < 0.001). However, no significant effect was found for TUG and ADL. CONCLUSION Dance is a cost-effective multimodal intervention that could improve cognition. A low-frequency ecological dance intervention (once per week; 60 min) could improve cognition, especially verbal memory. These results should be further investigated for the practice of dance in facilities for older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sawsen Ayari
- Laboratoire IAPS, Impact de l'Activité Physique sur la Santé, Toulon, Université de Toulon, La Garde, France.
| | - Alexandre Abellard
- Laboratoire IMSIC, Institut Méditerranéen des Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication, Université de Toulon, La Garde, France
| | - Sihem Sakrani
- Association de promotion en Recherches Cliniques et Innovation pour la Santé (ARCIS), Toulon, France
| | - Anastasia Krinitskaia
- Association de promotion en Recherches Cliniques et Innovation pour la Santé (ARCIS), Toulon, France
| | - Marta Grzelak
- Association de promotion en Recherches Cliniques et Innovation pour la Santé (ARCIS), Toulon, France
| | - Raymond Bou Nader
- Laboratoire IAPS, Impact de l'Activité Physique sur la Santé, Toulon, Université de Toulon, La Garde, France
| | - Olivier Gavarry
- Laboratoire IAPS, Impact de l'Activité Physique sur la Santé, Toulon, Université de Toulon, La Garde, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aghaei B, Moradi F, Soleimani D, Moradinazar M, Khosravy T, Samadi M. Glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary inflammatory index, and risk of infertility in women. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6413-6424. [PMID: 37823091 PMCID: PMC10563745 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The dietary glycemic load (GL) indicates the quantity and quality of carbohydrates, which can affect ovulation and fertility by controlling insulin sensitivity. Also, past studies confirm the role of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) in many diseases, including metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disorders, so it may be related to reproductive health. This case-control study aims to study the association between glycemic index (GI), GL, and DII with infertility in women. This study was conducted on 300 infertile women in the case group and 300 fertile women in the control group in Kermanshah, Iran. Food intake was evaluated using FFQ, and using NUTRITIONIST IV software programs, GI and GL values were determined. DII was computed as well using FFQ data. Physical activity was assessed using IPAQ-SF. The association between GI, GL, and DII with infertility was evaluated using a logistic regression test, using STATA version 14 software. The results showed that the DII, GI, and GL were higher in the case group compared to the control group ([p = .009], [p = .0001], and [p = .0007], respectively). The increase in GI, GL, and DII caused an increase in infertility factors, and consequently enhanced chance of infertility ((adjusted odd ratio [OR] 2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16, 3.45), (OR 3.68; 95% CI, 1.99, 6.82), and (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 0.97, 2.95), respectively). The present study indicated that the chance of infertility is higher in women who follow a diet with high GI, GL, and DII. Therefore, a positive association may be present between GI, GL, and DII with infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Fardin Moradi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), School of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Behavioral Disease Research CenterKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Tina Khosravy
- Department of Health NutritionLorestan University of Medical SciencesKhorramabadIran
| | - Mehnoosh Samadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), School of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dinh Trieu Ngo V, Bui LP, Hoang LB, Tran MTT, Nguyen HVQ, Tran LM, Pham TT. Associated factors with Premenstrual syndrome and Premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female medical students: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278702. [PMID: 36701282 PMCID: PMC9879477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to determine potential risk factors associated with Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. METHODS Three hundred two female student participants who were 18-45 years old completed a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and a Vietnamese Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool. We then followed up participants during at least two menstrual cycles using the Daily Record of Severity of Problems. The Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder diagnosis was established using The Carolina Premenstrual Assessment Scoring System, based on the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. RESULTS According to the Carolina Premenstrual Assessment Scoring System, 35 out of 302 students (11.6%; 95%CI: 8.2-15.7%) met the diagnosis of PMS (31 students) or PMDD (4 students). We found that age at menarche (PR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.63-0.96), having negative Rh blood type (PR = 4.43, 95%CI: 1.95 to 10.08), being moderately depressed or higher (PR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.24 to 6.36), and consuming caffeine more than three times per week were statistically associated with having Premenstrual Syndrome or Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder after adjusting for other variables. CONCLUSION The prominent risk factors for Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder were negative Rhesus blood type, menarche age, caffeine consumption, and self-reported depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vy Dinh Trieu Ngo
- Tam Anh TP. Ho Chi Minh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Linh Phuong Bui
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Bao Hoang
- Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - My Thi Tra Tran
- Department of Psychiatry, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Huy Vu Quoc Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Linh Manh Tran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Tung Thanh Pham
- Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anindya K, Marthias T, Zulfikar Biruni M, Hage S, Ng N, Laverty AA, McPake B, Millett C, Haregu TN, Hulse ESG, Cao Y, Lee JT. Low physical activity is associated with adverse health outcome and higher costs in Indonesia: A national panel study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:972461. [PMID: 36588560 PMCID: PMC9800782 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.972461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To assess the association between low physical activity, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors, health service utilization, risk of catastrophic health expenditure, and work productivity in Indonesia. Methods In this population-based, panel data analysis, we used data from two waves of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) for 2007/2008 and 2014/2015. Respondents aged 40-80 years who participated in both waves were included in this study (n = 5,936). Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine factors associated with physical activity levels (low, moderate, and high). We applied a series of multilevel mixed-effect panel regression to examine the associations between physical activity and outcome variables. Results The prevalence of low physical activity increased from 18.2% in 2007 to 39.6% in 2014. Compared with those with high physical activity, respondents with low physical activity were more likely to have a 10-year high CVD risk (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.51-2.95), use outpatient care (AOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.07-1.96) and inpatient care (AOR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.07-1.96), experience catastrophic health expenditure of 10% of total household expenditure (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.21-2.28), and have lower labor participation (AOR: 0.24, 95% 0.20-0.28). Conclusions Low physical activity is associated with adverse health outcomes and considerable costs to the health system and wider society. Accelerated implementation of public health policies to reduce physical inactivity is likely to result in substantial population health and economic benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanya Anindya
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tiara Marthias
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Tiara Marthias
| | - Muhammad Zulfikar Biruni
- Directorate of Pharmaceutical Services, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sophia Hage
- Royal Sports Performance Center, Jakarta, Indonesia,Indonesia Sports Medicine Doctor Association, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
| | - Nawi Ng
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anthony A. Laverty
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara McPake
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Millett
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tilahun Nigatu Haregu
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily S. G. Hulse
- Center for Health Policy, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yingting Cao
- Non-Communicable Disease Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John Tayu Lee
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hoai Thuong CN, Thuan TT, Xuan Hanh VT, Anh Tuan HN, Dang TN. Factors associated to treatment adherence in elderly people with hypertension: A cross-sectional study in Ho Chi Minh city. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
11
|
Eswaramoorthi V, Suhaimi MZ, Abdullah MR, Sanip Z, Abdul Majeed APP, Suhaimi MZ, Clark CCT, Musa RM. Association of Physical Activity with Anthropometrics Variables and Health-Related Risks in Healthy Male Smokers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19126993. [PMID: 35742242 PMCID: PMC9223046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19126993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Anthropometric variables (AV) are shown to be essential in assessing health status and to serve as markers for evaluating health-related risks in different populations. Studying the impact of physical activity (PA) on AV and its relationship with smoking is a non-trivial task from a public health perspective. In this study, a total of 107 healthy male smokers (37 ± 9.42 years) were recruited from different states in Malaysia. Standard procedures of measurement of several anthropometric indexes were carried out, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPPQ) was used to ascertain the PA levels of the participants. A principal component analysis was employed to examine the AV associated with physical activity, k-means clustering was used to group the participants with respect to the PA levels, and discriminant analysis models were utilized to determine the differential variables between the groups. A logistic regression (LR) model was further employed to ascertain the efficacy of the discriminant models in classifying the two smoking groups. Six AV out of twelve were associated with smoking behaviour. Two groups were obtained from the k-means analysis, based on the IPPQ and termed partially physically active smokers (PPAS) or physically nonactive smokers (PNAS). The PNAS were found to be at high risk of contracting cardiovascular problems, as compared with the PPAS. The PPAS cluster was characterized by a desirable AV, as well as a lower level of nicotine compared with the PNAS cluster. The LR model revealed that certain AV are vital for maintaining good health, and a partially active lifestyle could be effective in mitigating the effect of tobacco on health in healthy male smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayamurugan Eswaramoorthi
- Faculty of Health Science, School of Rehabilitation Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, Kuala Terengganu 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Muhammad Zulhusni Suhaimi
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Perak, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.Z.S.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Mohamad Razali Abdullah
- East Coast Environmental Research Institute, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Zulkefli Sanip
- Central Research Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed
- Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Laboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia;
- School of Robotics, XJTLU Entrepreneur College (Taicang), Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Muhammad Zuhaili Suhaimi
- Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Rabiu Muazu Musa
- Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.Z.S.); (R.M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Habib MB, Khoo S, Morris T. Motives and Passion of Adults from Pakistan toward Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063298. [PMID: 35328986 PMCID: PMC8951450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Globally, a large proportion of people do not participate in adequate physical activity to gain health benefits. Physical inactivity is a primary risk factor for global mortality. Research suggests that motives and passion influence participation in physical activity. The main purposes of the present study were to examine the relationship between motives and passion for participation in physical activity among adults, and to examine whether motives and passion predicted physical activity. Prior to data collection, we translated and validated the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS) and the Passion Scale (PS) into Urdu. With the research sample, both translated questionnaires showed acceptable internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factorial validity. To address the main purposes, we then employed a quantitative, cross-sectional research design, with a sample of 572 adults between 18 and 65 years (31.51 ± 10.25), who regularly participated in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Participants completed the PALMS, the PS, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Correlation coefficients showed strong relationships between motives and harmonious passion, and weaker, negative relationships between motives and obsessive passion. We used stepwise multiple regression to test whether motives and passion subscales were significant predictors of overall PA measured by the IPAQ. In step 1 of the regression model, mastery and physical condition motives were significant predictors of overall physical activity. Further, in step 2, the mastery motive and harmonious passion were significant predictors of overall physical activity, accounting for 26% of the variance, with F (5, 566) = 38.84, p < 0.01. The present study provides a basis for physical activity interventions examining whether increasing motives and passion leads to higher adherence to and lowered dropout from physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Badar Habib
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Department of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Selina Khoo
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-7956-9590
| | - Tony Morris
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 6012, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Technology-Enhanced 4Active Intervention Impacting Psychological Well-Being and Physical Activity among Older Adults: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010556. [PMID: 35010813 PMCID: PMC8744849 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: To increase psychological well-being and physical activity (PA) behaviors, our pilot study used the social ecological model as the framework to design the 4Active intervention, focusing on multicomponent exercise group lessons at the interpersonal level and self exercise enhanced by activity trackers at the individual level. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effectiveness of the two-level 4Active intervention in improving psychological well-being and PA participation in older adults living in retirement communities. Methods: Participants were 27 older adults with a mean age of 85.9 ± 9.3 years. Based on the two-arm, quasi-experimental study design, fourteen older adults (2 men, 12 women) living in one retirement community (RC) were assigned into the intervention group receiving the two-level 4Active intervention, whereas 13 older adults (1 man, 12 women) living in another RC were allocated to the active control group receiving group exercise intervention alone for eight weeks. One week before and after the interventions, the participants were pre-tested and post-tested in psychological well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, subjective happiness, positive affect, and negative affect) and weekly PA minutes (i.e., weekly walking, vigorous, moderate, and total PA minutes). The data were analyzed be means of descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, and ANCOVA repeated measures. Results: The results of ANCOVA repeated measures indicated that both groups maintained their slightly high or very high levels of life satisfaction, happiness, and positive affect over times. However, the two-level 4Active intervention group showed significant decreases in negative affect (F = 4.78, p = 0.04, η2 = 0.23) and significance increases in weekly moderate PA (F = 10.355, p = 0.004, η2 = 0.310) compared with the active control group over time. Conclusion: It is concluded that engaging in the two-level 4Active intervention including group-based multicomponent exercises and technology-enhanced self-exercises is more effective in decreasing negative affect and increasing weekly moderate PA METS-min in physically and cognitively frail older adults over time, compared with attending the group exercises alone.
Collapse
|
14
|
Marques SGDS, Villar R, Marcon LDF, João GA, Rica RL, Bocalini DS, Pontes Júnior FL. Determination of somatotype and physical activity level in frailty older adults. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220002921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
15
|
Nguyen MH, Pham TTM, Vu DN, Do BN, Nguyen HC, Duong TH, Pham KM, Pham LV, Nguyen TTP, Tran CQ, Nguyen QH, Hoang TM, Tran KV, Duong TT, Yang SH, Bai CH, Duong TV. Single and Combinative Impacts of Healthy Eating Behavior and Physical Activity on COVID-19-like Symptoms among Outpatients: A Multi-Hospital and Health Center Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093258. [PMID: 34579134 PMCID: PMC8465237 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthy eating and physical activity are effective non-pharmacological approaches to boost immune function and contain the pandemic. We aimed to explore the associations and interactions between physical activity and healthy eating behavior with COVID-19-like symptoms (Slike-CV19S). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3947 outpatients, from 14 February to 2 March 2020, at nine health facilities in Vietnam. Data collection included sociodemographic characteristics, healthy eating behavior (using the healthy eating score (HES) questionnaire), physical activity (using the short form international physical activity questionnaire), and Slike-CV19S. The associations and interactions were tested using logistic regression models. Results: Frequent intake of fruits (OR = 0.84; p = 0.016), vegetables (OR = 0.72; p = 0.036), and fish (OR = 0.43; p < 0.001) were associated with a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared with infrequent intake. Patients with higher HES levels (OR = 0.84; p = 0.033 for medium HES; OR = 0.77; p = 0.006 for high HES) or being physically active (OR = 0.69; p < 0.001) had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES or physical inactivity, respectively. Patients with medium HES who were physically active (OR = 0.69; p = 0.005), or with high HES and physically active (OR = 0.58; p < 0.001), had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES and physical inactivity. Conclusions: Healthy eating behavior and physical activity showed single and combinative impacts on protecting people from Slike-CV19S. Strategic approaches are encouraged to improve healthy behaviors, which may further contribute to containing the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh H. Nguyen
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
| | - Thu T. M. Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam; (T.T.M.P.); (K.M.P.)
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
| | - Dinh N. Vu
- Director Office, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam;
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam
| | - Binh N. Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam;
- Division of Military Science, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam
| | - Hoang C. Nguyen
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen City 241-24, Vietnam; (H.C.N.); (T.H.D.)
- President Office, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen City 241-17, Vietnam
| | - Thai H. Duong
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen City 241-24, Vietnam; (H.C.N.); (T.H.D.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen City 241-17, Vietnam
| | - Khue M. Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam; (T.T.M.P.); (K.M.P.)
- President Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam
| | - Linh V. Pham
- Department of Pulmonary & Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam;
- Director Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam
| | - Thao T. P. Nguyen
- Health Management Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue 491-20, Vietnam;
| | - Cuong Q. Tran
- Director Office, Thu Duc City Health Center, Ho Chi Minh City 713-10, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Health, Mekong University, Vinh Long 852-16, Vietnam
| | - Quyen H. Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thu Duc City Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 713-11, Vietnam; (Q.H.N.); (T.M.H.)
| | - Thanh M. Hoang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thu Duc City Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 713-11, Vietnam; (Q.H.N.); (T.M.H.)
| | - Khanh V. Tran
- Director Office, Le Van Thinh Hospital (Previously Hospital District 2), Ho Chi Minh City 711-13, Vietnam;
| | - Trang T. Duong
- Nursing Office, Tan Phu District Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 720-16, Vietnam;
| | - Shwu-Huey Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (T.V.D.)
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (T.V.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nguyen AT, Nguyen THT, Nguyen TTH, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen TX, Nguyen TN, Nguyen AL, Vu LG, Do HT, Doan LP, Vu GT, Nguyen HTT, Pham T, Vu HTT. Chronic Pain and Associated Factors Related to Depression among Older Patients in Hanoi, Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179192. [PMID: 34501779 PMCID: PMC8431642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of chronic pain and depression among older people has been studied for many years. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of chronic pain and depression among older patients and correlated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 921 older patients at the National Geriatric Hospital from November 2019 to March 2020. We used the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to assess the comorbid condition, a numerical rating scale (NRS) to examine pain severity, and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 items (GDS-15) to measure depression among participants. A chi-square test and Tobit regression were used to analyze the relationships. A total of 921 older patients participated in the study. The proportion of depression accounted for 55.8%. The mean Charlson score and number of diseases were 1.2 and 4.7, respectively. A positive correlation was found between comorbidity and chronic pain and depression. Moreover, socio-demographic variables such as occupation, education, and income were associated with pain and depressive symptoms. This study highlights the issue of mental health in older people with chronic pain. The results indicate the necessity of frequent depression screening, pain management, and social activity programs for older people to enhance their health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +84-090-348-0774
| | - Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam; (T.H.T.N.); (L.G.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Thu Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tam Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Lan Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Linh Gia Vu
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam; (T.H.T.N.); (L.G.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Thi Do
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (H.T.D.); (L.P.D.)
| | - Linh Phuong Doan
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (H.T.D.); (L.P.D.)
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Physiology Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thang Pham
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thi Thanh Vu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.N.); (H.T.T.N.); (T.X.N.); (T.N.N.); (A.L.N.); (T.P.); (H.T.T.V.)
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chiu HL, Tsai CY, Liu YL, Kang CW, Lee SC. Turning assessment for discrimination of frailty syndrome among community-dwelling older adults. Gait Posture 2021; 86:327-333. [PMID: 33845378 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome and is characterized by decreased physiological reserve and increased vulnerability towards adverse health outcomes including falls. Turning is a challenging task and is reported to be one of the daily activities that leads to falling in older populations. RESEARCH QUESTION Does 180° walking turns and 360° turning on the spot differ among frail, pre-frail, and non-frail older adults? Can 180° walking turns and 360° turning on the spot cutoffs discriminate older adults with frailty from those without? METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on community-dwelling older adults aged over 65 years. Frailty was assessed using Fried's phenotype method, and turning tasks were measured by inertial sensors. The turn duration (s) and angular velocity (°/s) were recorded for analysis. RESULTS In total, 109 participants were enrolled including 50 pre-frail and 12 frail individuals. Frail older adults took significantly longer and had slower angular velocities to complete the 180° and 360° turning than did either pre-frail (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively) or non-frail (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively) older adults. Cutoff times of 2.45 and 3.46 s were found to best discriminate frail people from those without frailty in both the 180° (sensitivity 83.3 %, specificity 71.1 %, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) 0.796) and 360° (sensitivity 91.7 %, specificity 74.2 %, AUC 0.857) turn tasks. SIGNIFICANCE Older individuals with frailty syndrome had difficulty turning as evidenced by a longer turning duration and a slower angular velocity. The turn duration could be a potential biomarker of frailty in older populations. Assessing the turning performance can facilitate early detection of the onset of frailty and inform early prevention and rehabilitation interventions in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Ling Chiu
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Xinyi District, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Ying Tsai
- Department of Psychology, Soochow University, No.70, Linhsi Road, Shihlin District, Taipei City, 111002, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Lin Liu
- MA Program of Counseling and Guidance, National Chengchi University, NO.64, Sec.2, ZhiNan Rd., Wenshan District, Taipei City, 11605, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Wei Kang
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan; New Life Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Clinic, No. 65, Sec. 2, Chongyang Rd., Sanchong Dist., New Taipei City, 241041, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Chun Lee
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Xinyi District, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Masmoudi L, Boukhris O, Chtourou H, Bouaziz B, Brach M, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Mueller P, Mueller N, Hsouna H, Elghoul Y, Romdhani M, Hammouda O, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Braakman-Jansen A, Wrede C, Bastoni S, Pernambuco CS, Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Taheri M, Irandoust K, Bragazzi NL, Strahler J, Washif JA, Andreeva A, Bailey SJ, Acton J, Mitchell E, Bott NT, Gargouri F, Chaari L, Batatia H, Khoshnami SC, Samara E, Zisi V, Sankar P, Ahmed WN, Ali GM, Abdelkarim O, Jarraya M, Abed KE, Moalla W, Souissi N, Aloui A, Souissi N, Gemert-Pijnen LV, Riemann BL, Riemann L, Delhey J, Gómez-Raja J, Epstein M, Sanderman R, Schulz S, Jerg A, Al-Horani R, Mansi T, Dergaa I, Jmail M, Barbosa F, Ferreira-Santos F, Šimunič B, Pišot R, Pišot S, Gaggioli A, Steinacker J, Zmijewski P, Apfelbacher C, Glenn JM, Khacharem A, Clark CC, Saad HB, Chamari K, Driss T, Hoekelmann A. Sleep Quality and Physical Activity as Predictors of Mental Wellbeing Variance in Older Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown: ECLB COVID-19 International Online Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4329. [PMID: 33921852 PMCID: PMC8073845 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 lockdown could engender disruption to lifestyle behaviors, thus impairing mental wellbeing in the general population. This study investigated whether sociodemographic variables, changes in physical activity, and sleep quality from pre- to during lockdown were predictors of change in mental wellbeing in quarantined older adults. METHODS A 12-week international online survey was launched in 14 languages on 6 April 2020. Forty-one research institutions from Europe, Western-Asia, North-Africa, and the Americas, promoted the survey. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses "pre" and "during" the lockdown period. Participants responded to the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS Replies from older adults (aged >55 years, n = 517), mainly from Europe (50.1%), Western-Asia (6.8%), America (30%), and North-Africa (9.3%) were analyzed. The COVID-19 lockdown led to significantly decreased mental wellbeing, sleep quality, and total physical activity energy expenditure levels (all p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that the change in total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure (F(2, 514) = 66.41 p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the decrease in mental wellbeing from pre- to during lockdown (p < 0.001, R2: 0.20). CONCLUSION COVID-19 lockdown deleteriously affected physical activity and sleep patterns. Furthermore, change in the total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure were significant predictors for the decrease in mental wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Liwa Masmoudi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Multimedia InfoRmation Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory (MIRACL), Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (B.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Michael Brach
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Ellen Bentlage
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Daniella How
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Mona Ahmed
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (D.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Patrick Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Notger Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hsen Hsouna
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Yousri Elghoul
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Omar Hammouda
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil;
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, Brazil
| | - Annemarie Braakman-Jansen
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
| | - Christian Wrede
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
| | - Sofia Bastoni
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlos Soares Pernambuco
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro 20261-063, Brasil;
| | | | - Morteza Taheri
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran; (M.T.); (K.I.)
| | - Khadijeh Irandoust
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran; (M.T.); (K.I.)
| | - Nicola L. Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jana Strahler
- Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany;
| | - Jad Adrian Washif
- Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Albina Andreeva
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Moscow Center of Advanced Sport Technologies, 129272 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Stephen J. Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK; (S.J.B.); (J.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Jarred Acton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK; (S.J.B.); (J.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Emma Mitchell
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK; (S.J.B.); (J.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Nicholas T. Bott
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Faiez Gargouri
- Multimedia InfoRmation Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory (MIRACL), Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (B.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Lotfi Chaari
- Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT (UMR 5505), BP 7122 Toulouse, France; (L.C.); (H.B.)
| | - Hadj Batatia
- Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT (UMR 5505), BP 7122 Toulouse, France; (L.C.); (H.B.)
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Zisi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Parasanth Sankar
- Consultant in Internal Medicine and Diabetes, MGM Muthoot Hospitals Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689645, India;
| | - Waseem N. Ahmed
- Consultant Family Physician, CRAFT Hospital and Research Centre, Kodungallur, Kerala 680664, India;
| | - Gamal Mohamed Ali
- Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (G.M.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Osama Abdelkarim
- Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (G.M.A.); (O.A.)
- Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 76131 Karlsruher, Germany
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Kais El Abed
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Wassim Moalla
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Nafaa Souissi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (L.M.); (O.B.); (H.C.); (H.H.); (Y.E.); (O.H.); (M.J.); (K.E.A.); (W.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Asma Aloui
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.R.); (A.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Lisette Van Gemert-Pijnen
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands; (A.B.-J.); (C.W.); (S.B.); (L.V.G.-P.)
| | - Bryan L. Riemann
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA;
| | | | - Jan Delhey
- Institute of Social Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Jonathan Gómez-Raja
- FundeSalud, Department of Health and Social Services, Government of Extremadura, 06800 Merida, Spain;
| | | | - Robbert Sanderman
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.S.); (A.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Achim Jerg
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.S.); (A.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Ramzi Al-Horani
- Department of Exercise Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan;
| | - Taysir Mansi
- Faculty of Physical Education, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- PHCC, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar;
| | - Mohamed Jmail
- Digital Research Centre of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.B.); (F.F.-S.)
| | - Fernando Ferreira-Santos
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.B.); (F.F.-S.)
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (B.Š.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (B.Š.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Saša Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (B.Š.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Andrea Gaggioli
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart I UNICATT, 20123 Milano, Italy;
| | - Jürgen Steinacker
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.S.); (A.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Piotr Zmijewski
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute for Social Medicine and Health Economy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Aïmen Khacharem
- UVHC, DeVisu, Valenciennes, LIRTES-EA 7313, Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, 94000 Creteil, France;
| | - Cain C.T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Hôpital Farhat HACHED de Sousse, Laboratoire de Recherche “Insuffisance Cardiaque”, Université de Sousse, Sousse LR12SP09, Tunisie;
| | - Karim Chamari
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha 29222, Qatar;
- Laboratory “Sport Performance Optimization”, (CNMSS), ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Anita Hoekelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
To Q, Huynh VA, Do D, Do V, Congdon N, Meuleners L, Vandelanotte C, Hong H, Nguyen H, To K. Falls and Physical Activity among Cataract Patients in Vietnam. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2021; 29:70-77. [PMID: 33627039 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2021.1893341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between falls, physical activity, and other socio-demographic and visual factors among cataract patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and November 2018. Patients presenting to two hospitals with age-related unilateral or bilateral cataract, aged ≥50 years, literate, and scheduled for a first-eye cataract surgery were recruited. The International Physical Activity Questionnaires short form was used to measure physical activity. Visual disability score was self-reported using the Catquest-9SF. The number of falls in the last 12 months prior to data collection were self-reported. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were measured using standard protocols. RESULTS A total of 340 patients had complete data, the majority of whom were women (62.4%), living with a spouse (66.5%), had an education level of Grade 5 or below (68.2%), and a monthly income from medium to high (58.5%). Average age was 65.7 years. A total of 135 falls were reported in the last 12 months with 27.6% reporting ≥1 fall and 7.1% ≥2 falls. Persons with high (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR) = 2.4, 95%CI = 1.2, 4.7) and low (aPR = 2.4, 95%CI = 1.2, 4.6) physical activity levels had more falls compared to those with moderate levels. Women (aPR = 1.7, 95%CI = 1.04, 2.7) and those with medium income (aPR = 2.9, 95%CI = 1.2, 6.9) were more likely to fall. Poor binocular logMAR visual acuity with habitual correction (aPR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.1, 4.6) and poor visual disability scores (aPR = 1.4, 95%CI = 1.02, 2.0) were associated with falling. CONCLUSION Patients with a moderate level of physical activity were less likely to fall compared to those with low or high levels although this U-shape relationship needs to be further investigated in prospective interventional trials. Men and those with high monthly income, better visual acuity and visual disability score were also less likely to fall. Cataract patients might be advised to maintain a moderate level of physical activity while waiting for surgery. Strategies to prevent falls may also prioritise cataract surgery for women and those with lower income.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quyen To
- Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia.,School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Australia
| | - Van-Anh Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dung Do
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Do
- Military Hospital 175, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nathan Congdon
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lynn Meuleners
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Australia.,Research Professor, Physical Activity Research Group Leader, Appleton Institute School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia
| | - Hiep Hong
- University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ho Nguyen
- Trung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kien To
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sorbie GG, Beaumont AJ, Williams AK, Glen J, Hardie SM, Lavallee D. The Impact of the Closure and Reopening of Golf Courses in the United Kingdom on Wellbeing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Study Approach. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:622171. [PMID: 33604568 PMCID: PMC7884885 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.622171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this multi-study was to assess what impact the closure and reopening of golf courses had on: personal competence; sense of belonging; enjoyment; self-esteem; self-confidence; resilience; social connections; wellbeing and life satisfaction (hereafter referred to collectively as "key variables of interest") during the COVID-19 pandemic. Golfers (Study 1: n = 298, Study 2: n = 124) ≥16 years old residing in the UK participated in this study which collected data using online surveys. Study 1 was conducted during a period of quarantine restrictions (4-12th May 2020), whilst study 2 took place following the easing of the COVID-19 quarantine restrictions (6-14th July 2020). Within study 1 and study 2, key variables of interest levels were also collected to investigate the association with golf related activities. The findings of study 1 highlighted that negligible and non-significant correlations were observed between golf physical and sedentary activities and key variables of interest (r < 0.3, p > 0.05) except sense of belonging and sedentary golf activities (r = 0.178, p = 0.003). Study 2 highlighted that sense of belonging, enjoyment and wellbeing were significantly associated with outdoor golf course activity (r = 0.186-0.252, p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, when comparing study 1 and study 2, sense of belonging and life satisfaction significantly improved (p < 0.05, d = 0.2). Based on these findings, playing golf on outdoor golf courses appears to be positively related to sense of belonging, enjoyment and wellbeing. Also, with the reopening of golf courses life satisfaction improved which, together, highlights the beneficial impact that outdoor golf can impart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graeme G Sorbie
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J Beaumont
- School of Science, Technology and Health, York St John University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley K Williams
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Glen
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Scott M Hardie
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - David Lavallee
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pothirat C, Chaiwong W, Liwsrisakun C, Phetsuk N, Theerakittikul T, Choomuang W, Chanayart P. Reliability of the Thai version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27:55-59. [PMID: 34391285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the reliability of the Thai version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients. METHODS A cross sectional study was carried out in COPD subjects at Chiang Dao hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand in June and July 2019. COPD subjects were asked to complete the Thai version of the IPAQ-SF. Calculations for each level of activity were carried out separately (vigorous activity, moderate activity, walking, and sitting). This was carried out twice with an interval of four weeks between visits. The test-retest reliability of the IPAQ was assessed using the intraclass correlation (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Cohen's kappa coefficient and percentage agreement were used to test the repeatability of the physical activity classification between the two visits. RESULTS Sixty COPD subjects (50% male), with a mean age of 71.2 ± 7.7 years were included. The least reliability was established for sitting time (ICC = 0.439; 95%CI; 0.212, 0.621, p-value < 0.001) and the greatest for the total physical activity (ICC = 0.837; 95%CI; 0.741, 0.899, p-value < 0.001). The Kappa statistic was 0.433 with a 95%CI; 0.237, 0.639, p-value < 0.001 and the percentage agreement of the physical activity classification between the two visits was 66.7%. CONCLUSION The test-retest reliability was adequate for vigorous activity and total physical activity. Although there are concerns about the agreement for classification of physical activity, the IPAQ-SF may be a useful if not definitive tool for assessing physical activity in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaicharn Pothirat
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Warawut Chaiwong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chalerm Liwsrisakun
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nittaya Phetsuk
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Theerakorn Theerakittikul
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Woranoot Choomuang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Panida Chanayart
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nobari H, Ahmadi M, SÁ M, Pérez-Gómez J, Manuel Clemente F, Adsuar JC, Minasian V, Afonso J. The effect of two types of combined training on bio-motor ability adaptations in sedentary females. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:1317-1325. [PMID: 33337110 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combined training of high-volume/low intensity vs. low volume/high intensity on different bio-motor adaptations in sedentary women. METHODS Thirty sedentary healthy females (age, 22.1±3.3 yrs), were randomly assigned into: Control group (CG; n=10), High-Volume/low-intensity training group (HV; n=10); or High-Intensity/low-volume training group (HI; n=10). Training protocols were performed during 8 weeks, on 3 non-consecutive days a week. RESULTS Post-intervention, there were significant main effects of time and a group by time interaction for all body composition and performance variables (p ≤ 0.001), while no significant differences were found for changes in maximum heart rate. Pairwise comparisons revealed significant decreases in body fat percentage and speed test in HV and HI (p ≤ 0.001) after intervention, while anaerobic power significantly increased in HV and HI (p ≤ 0.001). The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was significantly superior in HI than HV (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, there were significant main effects of time and a group by time interaction for all 1-repetition maximum tests (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Combined interval training and resistance training were effective for improving bio-motor parameters in sedentary young women. HV training produced less RPE than HI training, which may potentially increase adherence to training protocols postintervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mina Ahmadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mário SÁ
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain -
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - José C Adsuar
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Vazgen Minasian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - José Afonso
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Maxwell-Smith C, Hagger MS, Kane R, Cohen PA, Tan J, Platell C, Makin GB, Saunders C, Nightingale S, Lynch C, Sardelic F, McCormick J, Hardcastle SJ. Psychological correlates of physical activity and exercise preferences in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan cancer survivors. Psychooncology 2020; 30:221-230. [PMID: 32920935 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in cancer survivors have often adopted a "one-size-fits-all" approach and may benefit from being tailored to psychological constructs associated with behavior. The study objective was to investigate the exercise preferences and psychological constructs related to PA among cancer survivors. METHODS Posttreatment colorectal, endometrial, and breast cancer survivors (n = 183) living in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas completed survey measures of PA, exercise preferences, attitudes, self-efficacy, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention toward PA. RESULTS A structural equation model with adequate fit and quality indices revealed that instrumental attitude and self-efficacy were related to PA intention. Intention was related to behavior and mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and behavior. Preferred exercise intensity was related to self-efficacy, PBC, attitudes, and intention, while preferred exercise company was related to self-efficacy and PBC. Participants preferred moderate-intensity PA (71%), specifically self-paced (52%) walking (65%) in an outdoor environment (58%). CONCLUSIONS Since instrumental attitude and self-efficacy were associated with PA, incorporating persuasive communications targeting attitudes in PA interventions may promote PA participation. As cancer survivors who prefer low-intensity exercise and exercising with others report lower self-efficacy and PBC, interventions targeting confidence and successful experience in this group may also be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Maxwell-Smith
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Martin S Hagger
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, USA.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Robert Kane
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jason Tan
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cameron Platell
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Craig Lynch
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Sardelic
- Tamara Private Hospital, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Sarah J Hardcastle
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nguyen TN, Nguyen TN, Nguyen AT, Nguyen TX, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen TTH, Pham T, Vu HTT. Prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors in patients attending geriatric clinics in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037630. [PMID: 32948562 PMCID: PMC7500289 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors in patients attending geriatric clinics in Vietnam. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional study was conducted in consecutive patients aged ≥60 visiting outpatient clinics of the National Geriatric Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam, from January 2018 to October 2018. Handgrip strength was measured with a hand dynamometer. Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was applied to measure the appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Sarcopenia was defined by the criteria proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) and by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Sarcopenia Project. RESULTS There were 600 participants, mean age 70.0±8.0, 60.8% female. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 54.7% according to AWGS 2019 criteria and 40.5% according to FNIH. In multivariate logistic regression, age (adjusted OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.11), male (adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.21), underweight (adjusted OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.41), being malnourished (adjusted OR 3.77, 95% CI 1.19 to 11.91), chronic lung diseases (adjusted OR 3.48, 95% CI 2.10 to 5.77) and lower physical activity were significantly associated with sarcopenia defined by AWGS 2019 criteria. With FNIH definition, the significantly associated factors were age (adjusted OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.11), male (adjusted OR 6.78, 95% CI 4.12 to 11.17), low education (adjusted OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.63), being malnourished (adjusted OR 3.35, 95% CI 1.28 to 8.76), chronic lung diseases (adjusted OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.56 to 4.28) and lower physical activity level. CONCLUSION The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients attending geriatric clinics was high. Further studies are needed to examine the impact of sarcopenia on adverse outcomes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tam Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu Ngoc Nguyen
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thu Thi Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thang Pham
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thanh Thi Vu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim JY, Kim DI, Park HY, Pak Y, Tran PNH, Thai TT, Thuy MTT, Dung DV. Unmet Healthcare Needs and Associated Factors in Rural and Suburban Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176320. [PMID: 32878012 PMCID: PMC7503302 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the current utilization of healthcare services, exploring unmet healthcare needs and the associated factors among people living in rural Vietnam. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 233 participants in a rural area. The methods included face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. We considered participants to have unmet health needs if they had any kind of health problem during the past 12 months for which they were unable to see a healthcare provider. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with unmet healthcare needs. Of the participants, 18% (n = 43) had unmet healthcare needs, for reasons like transportation (30%), a lack of available doctors or medicine (47%), and communication issues with healthcare providers (16%). The multivariate logistic regression showed that living in a rural area, having stage 2 hypertension, and having insurance were associated with unmet healthcare needs. To better meet the healthcare needs in rural or suburban areas of Vietnam, allocation of adequate healthcare resources should be distributed in rural areas and insurance coverage for personalized healthcare needs might be required. Efforts should focus on availability of medicine, improvement of transportation systems, and communication skills of healthcare providers to improve access to healthcare services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Young Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (D.I.K.); (H.Y.P.)
| | - Dae In Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (D.I.K.); (H.Y.P.)
| | - Hwa Yeon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (D.I.K.); (H.Y.P.)
| | - Yuliya Pak
- Office of External Affairs, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea;
| | - Phap Ngoc Hoang Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 72714, Vietnam; (P.N.H.T.); (T.T.T.); (M.T.T.T.)
| | - Truc Thanh Thai
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 72714, Vietnam; (P.N.H.T.); (T.T.T.); (M.T.T.T.)
| | - Mai Thi Thanh Thuy
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 72714, Vietnam; (P.N.H.T.); (T.T.T.); (M.T.T.T.)
| | - Do Van Dung
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 72714, Vietnam; (P.N.H.T.); (T.T.T.); (M.T.T.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +84-91-838-2253
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Predicting Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption Based on Physical Activity Level and Demographic Characteristics in Romanian Students. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7070071. [PMID: 32630729 PMCID: PMC7401875 DOI: 10.3390/children7070071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aims to assess the relationships between alcohol and tobacco consumption, physical activity (PA) and demographic characteristics in Romanian students. Methods: There were 253 participants in this study (112 male and 141 female, age 19.2 ± 0.70 yrs; BMI 22.4 ± 2.2 kg/m2), students of Transilvania University of Brasov. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) were employed for the data collection. Results: Results showed that moderate consumption of tobacco and harmful consumption of alcohol had high prevalence among age, gender, year of study and PA level categories. Although the correlation coefficient showed no significant relationship between tobacco and alcohol use, it was shown that a negative correlation between tobacco and PA level existed. Further, age, year of study and PA level had a negative significant relationship with alcohol use among students. In the end, the tobacco and alcohol consumption prediction model showed heterogeneous coefficients. Conclusion: Full models of tobacco and alcohol use were differently predicted by variables, so PAL (Physical Activity Level) could predict tobacco consumption but not alcohol.
Collapse
|
27
|
Cahuas A, He Z, Zhang Z, Chen W. Relationship of physical activity and sleep with depression in college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2020; 68:557-564. [PMID: 30908132 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1583653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study examined the relationship between physical activity, sleep and depression among college students and gender differences in physical activity, sleep and depression. Methods: Participants were 1143 students from a large public university in Beijing and completed three questionnaires to measure their physical activity habits, sleep patterns, and depression levels. Data from were analyzed using descriptive statistics, stepwise regression, and an independent t test. Results: Results indicated that vigorous physical activity and sleep variables significantly predicted depression levels for the overall sample (F = 77.286, p = .000). When examined by gender, vigorous and moderate physical activity variables significantly predicted depression for males (t = -2.772, p = .006; t = -2.622, p = .009), whereas no level of physical activity had a significant relationship with depression for females. Conclusions: Rigorous physical activity and quality sleep may be beneficial to helping college students reduce and regulate depressive symptoms, however may vary by gender.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cahuas
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhonghui He
- Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Bejing, China
| | - Zhanjia Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Weiyun Chen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Qaiser S, Daud MNM, Ibrahim MY, Gan SH, Rahman MS, Sani MHM, Nazeer N, Guad RM. Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in university students in Sabah, Borneo Island of East Malaysia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20287. [PMID: 32481309 PMCID: PMC7250021 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy lifestyle contributes mainly to an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases tend to increase in Malaysia. These diseases lead to an increased risk of end organ damage and cardiovascular complications. In this study, the prevalence of prehypertension and its associated risk factors among a cohort of university students in Sabah was determined.This is a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted among 365 undergraduate students irrespective of faculties at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Standardized and validated World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data. Additionally, clinical and anthropometric data were measured and recorded by a trained staff, followed by descriptive and logistic regression analyses.A total of 365 UMS undergraduate students aged 18 years and above participated in the study. The prevalence of prehypertension among university students was high (31%) (95% CI [29.1%, 34.3%]). Well-known risk factors for hypertension including family history of hypertension, reduced sleep duration, reduced physical activity, smoking, being overweight or obese were significantly associated with the risk of developing prehypertension (P < .05) among UMS students. However, no association was observed between ethnicity, age, and gender with prehypertension.A worryingly high percentage of UMS students are prehypertensive, indicating the need of early preventive strategies aimed at increasing awareness, early screening, and lifestyle modification to reduce the rising burden of the disease and the associated complications in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Qaiser
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
| | - Mohd Nazri Mohd Daud
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
| | - Mohd Yusof Ibrahim
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
- Sabah Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan
| | - Md Shamsur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hijaz Mohd Sani
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Nazeer
- FAST School of Management, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rhanye Mac Guad
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
People with Suspected COVID-19 Symptoms Were More Likely Depressed and Had Lower Health-Related Quality of Life: The Potential Benefit of Health Literacy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040965. [PMID: 32244415 PMCID: PMC7231234 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic affects people’s health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially in those who have suspected COVID-19 symptoms (S-COVID-19-S). We examined the effect of modifications of health literacy (HL) on depression and HRQoL. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 14 February to 2 March 2020. 3947 participants were recruited from outpatient departments of nine hospitals and health centers across Vietnam. The interviews were conducted using printed questionnaires including participants’ characteristics, clinical parameters, health behaviors, HL, depression, and HRQoL. People with S-COVID-19-S had a higher depression likelihood (OR, 2.88; p < 0.001), lower HRQoL-score (B, −7.92; p < 0.001). In comparison to people without S-COVID-19-S and low HL, those with S-COVID-19-S and low HL had 9.70 times higher depression likelihood (p < 0.001), 20.62 lower HRQoL-score (p < 0.001), for the people without S-COVID-19-S, 1 score increment of HL resulted in 5% lower depression likelihood (p < 0.001) and 0.45 higher HRQoL-score (p < 0.001), while for those people with S-COVID-19-S, 1 score increment of HL resulted in a 4% lower depression likelihood (p = 0.004) and 0.43 higher HRQoL-score (p < 0.001). People with S-COVID-19-S had a higher depression likelihood and lower HRQoL than those without. HL shows a protective effect on depression and HRQoL during the epidemic.
Collapse
|
30
|
Sanaeinasab H, Saffari M, Dashtaki MA, Pakpour AH, Karimi Zarchi A, O'Garo KGN, Koenig HG. A Theory of Planned Behavior-Based Program to Increase Physical Activity in Overweight/Obese Military Personnel: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2019; 12:101-124. [PMID: 31353846 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Designing a health promotion program to increase physical activity may contribute to weight management. The purpose of this study was to investigate a theory of planned behavior (TPB) program to address this problem in military people. METHODS Eighty-four obese/overweight military personnel were randomised into the intervention or control group. A questionnaire assessed demographics, aspects of the TPB program, and physical activity levels. Also assessed were blood glucose and lipid levels. The intervention consisted of seven educational sessions based on TPB. Data were collected at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. RESULTS All constructs of the TPB improved between baseline and follow-up in the intervention group (p < .001), while there were no significant changes in the control group (within-group comparisons). Between-group comparisons on TPB measures revealed differences in all domains when results were controlled for baseline covariates. Greater light and moderate physical activity was observed in the intervention group. Body mass index decreased significantly within the intervention group (p < .001). Changes in triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein also favored the intervention over the control group. CONCLUSION An intervention based on the TPB may be effective in promoting physical activity and decreasing weight in military personnel who are obese or overweight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad-Ali Dashtaki
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Iran.,Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran.,Jönköping University, Sweden
| | | | | | - Harold G Koenig
- Duke University Medical Center, USA.,King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.,Ningxia Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mackenbach JD, de Groot R, Lakerveld J, De Cocker K, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Compernolle S. What factors explain socioeconomic inequalities in adults' television-related sitting time? Eur J Public Health 2019; 29:248-254. [PMID: 30169565 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are considerable socioeconomic inequalities in television-related sitting time, but there is little evidence for the explanatory mechanisms. We used a cohort of Belgian adults (25-60 years) and older adults (≥65 years) to examine the social cognitive, home environmental and health-related factors contributing to socioeconomic differences in television-related sitting. METHODS We included 301 adults and 258 older adults (total n = 559). Linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations of education and occupational status with television-related sitting time, adjusted for age and gender. We assessed the explanatory power of social cognitive, home environmental and health-related factors using the traditional 'change-in-estimation method'. RESULTS Those with low and medium education, respectively, engaged in 54 and 28 minutes per day more television-related sitting time than those with high education. We found no association between occupational status and television-related sitting time. Social cognitive factors explained 54% of the difference in television-related sitting time between those with low and high education, while home environmental factors only explained 6%, and health-related variables explained 10% of these differences. CONCLUSION We found no occupational inequalities in television-related sitting time. Social cognitive variables such as attitude and modelling of the partner explained a large part of the educational inequalities in television-related sitting time. If confirmed by future studies, a focus on social cognition may help reduce sedentary behaviours in low-educated adults and diminish inequalities in sedentary behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa de Groot
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Donorstudies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Australia
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lucertini F, Ferri Marini C, Sisti D, Stocchi V, Federici A, Gregorio F, Piangerelli D, Chiatti C, Cherubini A, Boemi M, Romagnoli F, Cucchi M, D'Angelo F, Luconi MP, Bonfigli AR. Discontinuously supervised aerobic training vs. physical activity promotion in the self-management of type 2 diabetes in older Italian patients: design and methods of the 'TRIPL-A' randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:11. [PMID: 30634923 PMCID: PMC6330458 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-1022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) has health benefits for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Indeed, regular PA is considered an important part of any T2D management plan, yet most patients adopt a sedentary lifestyle. Exercise referral schemes (ERS) have the potential to effectively promote physical activity among T2D patients, and their effectiveness may be enhanced when they are supported by computer-based technologies. The ‘TRIPL-A’ study (i.e., a TRIal to promote PhysicaL Activity among patients in the young-old age affected by T2D) aims to assess if realizing an innovative ERS, based on a strong partnership among general practitioners, specialist physicians, exercise specialists, and patients, and supported by a web-based application (WBA), can effectively lead sedentary older T2D patients to adopt an active lifestyle. Methods A randomized controlled design will be used, and an ERS, supported by a WBA, will be implemented. 300 physically inactive T2D patients (aged 65–74 years) will be assigned to either an intervention or control arm. Control arm patients will only receive behavioral counseling on physical activity and diet, while intervention arm patients will also undergo an 18-month (3 day/week), discontinuously supervised aerobic exercise training program. The trial will be divided into six three-month periods: during first, third and fifth period, an exercise specialist will supervise the training sessions and, using the WBA, prescribe exercise progression and monitor exercise adherence. Patients will exercise on their own in the other periods. Patients’ sedentary behaviors (primary outcome), PA level, fitness status, metabolic profile, psychological well-being, quality of life, and use of health care services (secondary outcomes) will be assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18 months from baseline. Repeated measure ANCOVAs will be used to compare the intervention and control arm with respect to each study outcome measure. Discussion Primary and secondary outcome results will allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of an ERS, specifically designed for the management of T2D clinical conditions and supported by a WBA, in promoting PA within Italian primary care settings. Trial registration This trial is retrospectively registered under the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (reference number: ACTRN12618001164280; registered 13 July 2018).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lucertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti, 26/2 -61029, Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Carlo Ferri Marini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti, 26/2 -61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Davide Sisti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Unit of Medical Statistic and Biometry, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento, 7-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti, 26/2-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Ario Federici
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti, 26/2 -61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Franco Gregorio
- ASUR Marche - Diabetology Unit, Via Montello, 4-60035, Jesi, Italy
| | - Donata Piangerelli
- IRCCS INRCA, Scientific Direction, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlos Chiatti
- IRCCS INRCA, Scientific Direction, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- IRCCS INRCA, Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica, Centro di Ricerca per l'Invecchiamento, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Boemi
- IRCCS INRCA, Diabetology Unit, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Romagnoli
- IRCCS INRCA, Diabetology Unit, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michela Cucchi
- IRCCS INRCA, Diabetology Unit, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica D'Angelo
- IRCCS INRCA, Diabetology Unit, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Luconi
- IRCCS INRCA, Diabetology Unit, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bonfigli
- IRCCS INRCA, Scientific Direction, Via della Montagnola, 81-60127, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tran VD, Do VV, Pham NM, Nguyen CT, Xuong NT, Jancey J, Lee AH. Validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form for Application in Asian Countries: A Study in Vietnam. Eval Health Prof 2018; 43:105-109. [PMID: 32383410 DOI: 10.1177/0163278718819708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This is the first study in the Asia-Pacific region to examine the criterion validity of the self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short form (IPAQ-SF) using accelerometers, in terms of achieving the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommended physical activity guidelines for health benefits. Vietnamese adults aged 40-65 years (n = 240) wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer for at least 5 days and completed the Vietnamese version of the IPAQ-SF. Correlations between IPAQ-SF and accelerometer-measured physical activity intensities varied from .087 to .232. Mean difference in moderate-vigorous physical activity was 0.699 min/day (95% limits: [-107, 109]). Agreement on the classification of achieving the WHO's physical activity guidelines was 69.16%. The IPAQ-SF identified 71.86% of adults who met the guidelines, whereas 56.09% of those not meeting the guidelines were classified correctly. The IPAQ-SF was found to have acceptable criterion validity and is a useful instrument to classify Vietnamese adults as achieving or not achieving the WHO's physical activity guidelines for health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Dinh Tran
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Vuong Do
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Minh Pham
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Chung Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Jonine Jancey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Qi M, Moyle W, Jones C, Weeks B. Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being in Older University Office Workers: Survey Findings. Workplace Health Saf 2018; 67:123-130. [PMID: 30160192 DOI: 10.1177/2165079918790585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged sitting time has been reported among university workers which can have adverse health effects. The aim of this study was to examine the sitting time, physical activity, and psychological well-being reported by older university office workers. An online self-reported survey was distributed to all office workers 55 years and older at one university in Australia. Sixty-six office workers were recruited. They reported an average sitting time of 7.5 hours per day on weekdays. In all, 72.7% of the sample reported both moderate and high physical activity levels. A high percentage of the office workers reported depression (25.8%) and anxiety (12.1%). Lower education levels were significantly related to higher perceived stress and more depressive symptomatology ( p = .03 and .02, respectively). Significant associations were found between stress, depression, and anxiety ( p < .001) among this group of workers.
Collapse
|
35
|
Rivière F, Aubert S, Omorou AY, Ainsworth BE, Vuillemin A. Taxonomy-based content analysis of sedentary behavior questionnaires: A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193812. [PMID: 29509791 PMCID: PMC5839579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health effects of sedentary behaviors (SB) may vary depending on their characteristics such as type, purpose, duration, and intensity of the behavior. While a growing number of questionnaires assess sedentary behaviors, it is unclear which characteristics of SB are measured. The aim of this review was to examine the content of self-report SB questionnaires. Methods Three databases were searched for sedentary behavior questionnaires published before January 1st, 2016. Based on the inclusion criteria, 82 articles out of 1369 were retrieved for a total of 60 questionnaires. For each questionnaire, the sedentary behavior characteristics identified were reported and analyzed. Results Most of the questionnaires assessed the time (n = 60), posture (n = 54), purpose (n = 46) and the types (n = 45) of SB performed. Fewer questionnaires assessed the environment (n = 20) social context (n = 11), status (n = 2), and associated behaviors (n = 2) related to sedentary behaviors. All the questionnaires except two assessed time spent in SB with 17 assessing frequency and 6 assessing breaks in SB. The most frequent characteristics identified in the questionnaires were the categories of sitting (90%), a day (95%), watching television (65%) and using a computer (55%). Many characteristics of SB were not measured. Conclusions By knowing the breadth of SB included in questionnaires, this review provides support to shape the design of new questionnaires designed to reduce the gaps in measuring sedentary behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Rivière
- EA 4360 APEMAC, University of Lorraine, Paris Descartes University, Nancy, France
| | - Salomé Aubert
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Abdou Yacoubou Omorou
- EA 4360 APEMAC, University of Lorraine, Paris Descartes University, Nancy, France
- INSERM, CIC-1433 Clinical Epidemiology, CHRU Nancy, France
| | - Barbara E. Ainsworth
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States of America
| | - Anne Vuillemin
- EA 4360 APEMAC, University of Lorraine, Paris Descartes University, Nancy, France
- Université Côte d’Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Health protective behavior scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190390. [PMID: 29309423 PMCID: PMC5757924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A healthy lifestyle includes health protective and health promoting behaviors. Health promoting lifestyle profiles have been developed, but measures of health protective behavior are still lacking. This study sought to develop a health protecting behavior scale. Methods An initial item pool for the Health Protective Behavior Scale (HPBS) was generated based on read and referred literature and a single-item open-ended survey. An expert group screened this initial item pool using an item-level content validity index. Pilot testing was conducted. The degree of variation, the response rate, the item-total correlation coefficient, and the factor loading in factor analysis and item analysis were used to screen items using data of pilot testing. 454 subjects were recruited evaluate the psychometric properties of the HPBS. Analyses included internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, parallel analysis, correlation analysis and criterion validity analysis. Results The final iteration of the HPBS was developed with 32 items and five dimensions: interpersonal support, general behavior, self-knowledge, nutrition behavior and health care. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and test-retest reliability were 0.89 and 0.89 respectively. Correlation coefficients of the five dimensions ranged from 0.28 to 0.55. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the total scores on the WHOQOL-BREF and on the HPBS was 0.34. Conclusions HPBS has sufficient validity and reliability to measure health protective behaviors in adults.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sedentary Time in Male and Female Masters and Recreational Athletes Aged 55 and Older. J Aging Phys Act 2018; 26:121-127. [DOI: 10.1123/japa.2016-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to quantify sedentary time among recreational and Masters (competitive) athletes aged 55 and older. A cross-sectional survey including questions on demographics, sport participation, as well as a short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Measure of Older Adult’s Sedentary Time questionnaire was administered (n = 203). Male Masters athletes reported more time spent in vigorous intensity physical activity and less time watching TV than recreational athletes. Among females, being a Masters athlete was associated with being more sedentary than being a recreational athlete, while among males, being a recreational athlete was associated with being more sedentary. The intensity and duration that older Masters and recreational athletes spent in their sport was inversely associated with the amount of sedentary time accumulated. Future research using inclinometers is needed to further elucidate sedentary time in older male and female athletes.
Collapse
|
38
|
Tran VD, Lee AH, Jancey J, James AP, Howat P, Mai LTP. Physical activity and nutrition behaviour outcomes of a cluster-randomized controlled trial for adults with metabolic syndrome in Vietnam. Trials 2017; 18:18. [PMID: 28086906 PMCID: PMC5237359 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome is prevalent among Vietnamese adults, especially those aged 50–65 years. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 6 month community-based lifestyle intervention to increase physical activity levels and improve dietary behaviours for adults with metabolic syndrome in Vietnam. Methods Ten communes, involving participants aged 50–65 years with metabolic syndrome, were recruited from Hanam province in northern Vietnam. The communes were randomly allocated to either the intervention (five communes, n = 214) or the control group (five communes, n = 203). Intervention group participants received a health promotion package, consisting of an information booklet, education sessions, a walking group, and a resistance band. Control group participants received one session of standard advice during the 6 month period. Data were collected at baseline and after the intervention to evaluate programme effectiveness. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form and a modified STEPS questionnaire were used to assess physical activity and dietary behaviours, respectively, in both groups. Pedometers were worn by the intervention participants only for 7 consecutive days at baseline and post-intervention testing. To accommodate the repeated measures and the clustering of individuals within communes, multilevel mixed regression models with random effects were fitted to determine the impacts of intervention on changes in outcome variables over time and between groups. Results With a retention rate of 80.8%, the final sample comprised 175 intervention and 162 control participants. After controlling for demographic and other confounding factors, the intervention participants showed significant increases in moderate intensity activity (P = 0.018), walking (P < 0.001) and total physical activity (P = 0.001), as well as a decrease in mean sitting time (P < 0.001), relative to their control counterparts. Significant improvements in dietary behaviours were also observed, particularly reductions in intake of animal internal organs (P = 0.001) and in using cooking oil for daily meal preparation (P = 0.001). Conclusions The prescribed community-based physical activity and nutrition intervention programme successfully improved physical activity and dietary behaviours for adults with metabolic syndrome in Vietnam. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12614000811606. Registered on 31 July 2014 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1771-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Dinh Tran
- Department of Community Health and Network Coordination, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, No. 1, Yersin Street, Hanoi, Vietnam. .,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Anthony P James
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Peter Howat
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Le Thi Phuong Mai
- Department of Community Health and Network Coordination, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, No. 1, Yersin Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Busschaert C, Scherrens AL, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Cardon G, Van Cauwenberg J, De Cocker K. Socio-Ecological Variables Associated with Context-Specific Sitting Time in Belgian Older Adults: A One-Year Follow-Up Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167881. [PMID: 27997603 PMCID: PMC5173362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge about variables associated with context-specific sitting time in older adults is limited. Therefore, this study explored cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of socio-demographic, social-cognitive, physical-environmental and health-related variables with sitting during TV viewing, computer use and motorized transport in older adults. METHODS A sample of Belgian older adults completed structured interviews on context-specific sitting time and associated variables using a longitudinal study design. Objective measurements of grip strength and physical performance were also completed. Complete baseline data were available of 258 participants (73.98±6.16 years) of which 229 participants remained in the study at one year follow-up (retention rate: 91.60%). Cross-sectional correlates (baseline data) and longitudinal predictors (change-scores in relation with change in sitting time) were explored through multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS Per context-specific sitting time, most of the cross-sectional correlates differed from the longitudinal predictors. Increases over time in enjoyment of watching TV (+one unit), encouragement of partner to watch less TV (+one unit) and TV time of partner (+30.0 min/day) were associated with respectively 9.1 min/day (p<0.001), 16.0 min/day (p<0.001) and 12.0 min/day (p<0.001) more sitting during TV viewing at follow-up. Increases over time in enjoyment of using a computer (+one unit), the number of smartphones and tablets (+1) and computer use of the partner (+30.0 min/day) were associated with respectively 5.5 min/day (p < .01), 10.4 min/day (p < .05) and 3.0 min/day (p < .05) more sitting during computer use at follow-up. An increase over time in self-efficacy regarding taking a bicycle or walking was associated with 2.9 min/day (p < .05) less sitting during motorized transport at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results stressed the importance of looking at separate contexts of sitting. Further, the results highlighted the importance of longitudinal research in order to reveal which changes in particular variables predicted changes in context-specific sitting time. Variables at the social-cognitive level were most frequently related to context-specific sitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Busschaert
- Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne-Lore Scherrens
- Department Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department Primary Care, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Greet Cardon
- Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
- Department Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nguyen CT, Pham NM, Tran DV, Lee AH, Binns CW. Lifestyle and diet in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in Vietnam: a hospital-based case-control study. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:687. [PMID: 27350921 PMCID: PMC4899388 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Lifestyle and diet are important determinants of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Their impact on T2D can be evaluated using clinical and epidemiological approaches. Randomised controlled trials are the most rigorous design but expensive to conduct, whereas prospective cohort studies are time-consuming and less powerful for populations with a low incidence of the disease. Case–control studies are considered appropriate in resource-limited settings. A hospital-based case–control study protocol has been developed to investigate the role of lifestyle and dietary factors in T2D aetiology for adults in Vietnam. Methods A total of 1100 patients aged 40–65 years (550 T2D cases and 550 controls) will be recruited from a tertiary hospital in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. Cases and controls will be frequency-matched on age (±3 years), gender, and residential location. T2D will be diagnosed according to the 2006 World Health Organisation criteria. Habitual physical activity will be assessed by the Vietnamese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Food and beverage consumption will be ascertained using a Validated Food Frequency Questionnaire, specifically developed for the Vietnamese population. Information on demographic and other personal characteristics will be collected, together with anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Descriptive statistics and unconditional logistic regression analyses will be performed to examine factors associated with the T2D prevalence. Discussion The proposed study will elucidate the role of lifestyle and diet in T2D prevalence among Vietnamese adults. Findings concerning pertinent factors will provide epidemiological evidence for the development of focused interventions, and contribute to the formulation of national policies to prevent and control T2D in Vietnam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung T Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Minh Pham
- Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam ; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Dinh V Tran
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam ; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Colin W Binns
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tran VD, Lee AH, Jancey J, James AP, Howat P, Thi Phuong Mai L. Community-based physical activity and nutrition programme for adults with metabolic syndrome in Vietnam: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011532. [PMID: 27256094 PMCID: PMC4893929 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. In Vietnam, more than one-quarter of its population aged 50-65 have MetS. This cluster-randomised controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to increase levels of physical activity and improve dietary behaviours among Vietnamese adults aged 50-65 years with MetS. METHOD AND ANALYSIS This 6-month community-based intervention includes a range of strategies to improve physical activity and nutrition for adults with MetS in Hanam, a province located in northern Vietnam. 600 participants will be recruited from 6 communes with 100 participants per commune. The 6 selected communes will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group (m=3; n=300) or a control group (m=3; n=300). The intervention comprises booklets, education sessions, resistance bands and attending local walking groups that provide information and encourage participants to improve their physical activity and healthy eating behaviours during the 6-month period. The control group participants will receive standard and 1-time advice. Social cognitive theory is the theoretical concept underpinning this study. Measurements will be taken at baseline and postintervention to evaluate programme effectiveness. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The research protocol was approved by the Curtin University Human Research Ethics Committee (approval number: HR139/2014). The results of the study will be disseminated through publications, reports and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12614000811606.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Dinh Tran
- Department of Community Health and Network Coordination, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony P James
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Howat
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Le Thi Phuong Mai
- Department of Community Health and Network Coordination, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sadeghisani M, Dehghan Manshadi F, Azimi H, Montazeri A. Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire in Healthy Subjects. Asian J Sports Med 2016; 7:e31778. [PMID: 27826396 PMCID: PMC5098050 DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.31778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire (BHPAQ) has widely been employed in clinical and laboratorial studies as a tool for measuring subjects' physical activities. But, the reliability and validity of this questionnaire have not been investigated among Persian speakers. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the aim of the current study was examining the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the BHPAQ in healthy Persian adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS After following the process of forward-backward translation, 32 subjects were invited to fill out the Persian version of the questionnaire in two independent sessions (3 - 7 days after the first session) in order to determine the reliability index. Also, the validity of the questionnaire was assessed through concurrent validity by 126 subjects (66 males and 60 females) answering both the Baecke and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS An acceptable level of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC of work score = 0.95, sport score = 0.93, and leisure score = 0.77) was achieved for the Persian Baecke questionnaire. Correlations between Persian Baecke and IPAQ with and without the score for sitting position were found to be 0.19 and 0.36, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The Persian version of the BHPAQ is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure the level of habitual functional activities in Persian-speaking subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meissam Sadeghisani
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Meissam Sadeghisani, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-3833332487; +98-9137716567, E-mail:
| | - Farideh Dehghan Manshadi
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hadi Azimi
- Department of English Language Teaching, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Department of Mental Health, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, Tehran, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
A causal model for fatigue in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2016; 21:242-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|