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Hart KA, Kimura S. Pharmacologic Interventions to Immunologic and Immune-Mediated Conditions in Horses. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2024; 40:307-339. [PMID: 38852015 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulators can stimulate, suppress, or regulate one or many aspects of the immune response. Use of a variety of immunostimulants, immunosuppressors, and anti-inflammatory drugs are described in horses, but the evidence supporting their efficacy is variable. Corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the best characterized immunomodulators in horses, but further study is needed to fully define their ideal dosing protocols and indications and to characterize the efficacy of other immunomodulators in equine medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Hart
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Shune Kimura
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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2
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Bakinowska E, Bratborska AW, Kiełbowski K, Ćmil M, Biniek WJ, Pawlik A. The Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2024; 13:915. [PMID: 38891047 PMCID: PMC11171813 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterised by the formation of a hyperplastic pannus, as well as cartilage and bone damage. The pathogenesis of RA is complex and involves broad interactions between various cells present in the inflamed synovium, including fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), macrophages, and T cells, among others. Under inflammatory conditions, these cells are activated, further enhancing inflammatory responses and angiogenesis and promoting bone and cartilage degradation. Novel treatment methods for RA are greatly needed, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been suggested as a promising new regenerative and immunomodulatory treatment. In this paper, we present the interactions between MSCs and RA-FLSs, and macrophages and T cells, and summarise studies examining the use of MSCs in preclinical and clinical RA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.Ć.); (W.J.B.)
| | | | - Kajetan Kiełbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.Ć.); (W.J.B.)
| | - Maciej Ćmil
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.Ć.); (W.J.B.)
| | - Wojciech Jerzy Biniek
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.Ć.); (W.J.B.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.Ć.); (W.J.B.)
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Henry S, Lewis SM, Cyrill SL, Callaway MK, Chatterjee D, Hanasoge Somasundara AV, Jones G, He XY, Caligiuri G, Ciccone MF, Diaz IA, Biswas AA, Hernandez E, Ha T, Wilkinson JE, Egeblad M, Tuveson DA, Dos Santos CO. Host response during unresolved urinary tract infection alters female mammary tissue homeostasis through collagen deposition and TIMP1. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3282. [PMID: 38627380 PMCID: PMC11021735 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to pathogens throughout a lifetime influences immunity and organ function. Here, we explore how the systemic host-response to bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) induces tissue-specific alterations to the mammary gland. Utilizing a combination of histological tissue analysis, single cell transcriptomics, and flow cytometry, we identify that mammary tissue from UTI-bearing mice displays collagen deposition, enlarged ductal structures, ductal hyperplasia with atypical epithelial transcriptomes and altered immune composition. Bacterial cells are absent in the mammary tissue and blood of UTI-bearing mice, therefore, alterations to the distal mammary tissue are mediated by the systemic host response to local infection. Furthermore, broad spectrum antibiotic treatment resolves the infection and restores mammary cellular and tissue homeostasis. Systemically, unresolved UTI correlates with increased plasma levels of the metalloproteinase inhibitor, TIMP1, which controls extracellular matrix remodeling and neutrophil function. Treatment of nulliparous and post-lactation UTI-bearing female mice with a TIMP1 neutralizing antibody, restores mammary tissue normal homeostasis, thus providing evidence for a link between the systemic host response during UTI and mammary gland alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Henry
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Stony Brook University, Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Steven Macauley Lewis
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Stony Brook University, Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Gina Jones
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Xue-Yan He
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology. School of Medicine in St. Louis. Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amelia Aumalika Biswas
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Neural and Behavior Science, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Taehoon Ha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - John Erby Wilkinson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Department of Cell Biology, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Heutz JW, Rogier C, Niemantsverdriet E, van den Eeden SJF, de Jong PHP, Lubberts E, Geluk A, van der Helm-van Mil AHM. The course of cytokine and chemokine gene expression in clinically suspect arthralgia patients during progression to inflammatory arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:563-570. [PMID: 37280058 PMCID: PMC10836970 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autoantibody responses increase years before the onset of inflammatory arthritis (IA) and are stable during transitioning from clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) to IA. Cytokine and chemokine levels also increase years before IA onset. However, the course in the at-risk stage of CSA during progression to disease or non-progression is unknown. To increase the understanding of processes mediating disease development, we studied the course of cytokine, chemokine and related receptors gene expression in CSA patients during progression to IA and in CSA patients who ultimately did not develop IA. METHODS Whole-blood RNA expression of 37 inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and related receptors was determined by dual-colour reverse transcription multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in paired samples of CSA patients at CSA onset and either at IA development or after 24 months without IA development. ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative CSA patients developing IA were compared at CSA onset and during progression to IA. Generalised estimating equations tested changes over time. A false discovery rate approach was applied. RESULTS None of the cytokine/chemokine genes significantly changed in expression between CSA onset and IA development. In CSA patients without IA development, G-CSF expression decreased (P = 0.001), whereas CCR6 and TNIP1 expression increased (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively) over a 2 year period. Expression levels in ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative CSA patients who developed IA were similar. CONCLUSION Whole-blood gene expression of assessed cytokines, chemokines and related receptors did not change significantly from CSA to IA development. This suggests that changes in expression of these molecules may not be related to the final process of developing chronicity and may have occurred preceding CSA onset. Changes in gene expression in CSA patients without IA development may provide clues for processes related to resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith W Heutz
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cleo Rogier
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Susan J F van den Eeden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal H P de Jong
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Lubberts
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Geluk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annette H M van der Helm-van Mil
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Snyder BL, Huang R, Burkholder AB, Donahue DR, Mahler BW, Bortner CD, Lai WS, Blackshear PJ. Synergistic roles of tristetraprolin family members in myeloid cells in the control of inflammation. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302222. [PMID: 37903626 PMCID: PMC10616675 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the tristetraprolin (TTP) family of RNA-binding proteins can bind to and promote the decay of specific transcripts containing AU-rich motifs. ZFP36 (TTP) is best known for regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in myeloid cells; however, its mammalian paralogues ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 have not been viewed as important in controlling inflammation. We knocked out these genes in myeloid cells in mice, singly and together. Single-gene myeloid-specific knockouts resulted in almost no spontaneous phenotypes. In contrast, mice with myeloid cell deficiency of all three genes developed severe inflammation, with a median survival of 8 wk. Macrophages from these mice expressed many more stabilized transcripts than cells from myeloid-specific TTP knockout mice; many of these encoded pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The failure of weight gain, arthritis, and early death could be prevented completely by two normal alleles of any of the three paralogues, and even one normal allele of Zfp36 or Zfp36l2 was enough to prevent the inflammatory phenotype. Our findings emphasize the importance of all three family members, acting in concert, in myeloid cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Snyder
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Adam B Burkholder
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Danielle R Donahue
- NIH Mouse Imaging Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Beth W Mahler
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carl D Bortner
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wi S Lai
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Mulazzani E, Kong K, Aróstegui JI, Ng AP, Ranathunga N, Abeysekera W, Garnham AL, Ng SL, Baker PJ, Jackson JT, Lich JD, Hibbs ML, Wicks IP, Louis C, Masters SL. G-CSF drives autoinflammation in APLAID. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:814-826. [PMID: 36997670 PMCID: PMC10154231 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Missense mutations in PLCG2 can cause autoinflammation with phospholipase C gamma 2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (APLAID). Here, we generated a mouse model carrying an APLAID mutation (p.Ser707Tyr) and found that inflammatory infiltrates in the skin and lungs were only partially ameliorated by removing inflammasome function via the deletion of caspase-1. Also, deleting interleukin-6 or tumor necrosis factor did not fully prevent APLAID mutant mice from autoinflammation. Overall, these findings are in accordance with the poor response individuals with APLAID have to treatments that block interleukin-1, JAK1/2 or tumor necrosis factor. Cytokine analysis revealed increased granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels as the most distinct feature in mice and individuals with APLAID. Remarkably, treatment with a G-CSF antibody completely reversed established disease in APLAID mice. Furthermore, excessive myelopoiesis was normalized and lymphocyte numbers rebounded. APLAID mice were also fully rescued by bone marrow transplantation from healthy donors, associated with reduced G-CSF production, predominantly from non-hematopoietic cells. In summary, we identify APLAID as a G-CSF-driven autoinflammatory disease, for which targeted therapy is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Mulazzani
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Klara Kong
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Juan I Aróstegui
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ashley P Ng
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Haematology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nishika Ranathunga
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Bioinformatics, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Bioinformatics, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Bioinformatics, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sze-Ling Ng
- Immunology Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Paul J Baker
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacob T Jackson
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John D Lich
- Immunology Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian P Wicks
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Rheumatology Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cynthia Louis
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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7
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PPARβ/δ Ligands Regulate Oxidative Status and Inflammatory Response in Inflamed Corpus Luteum-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054993. [PMID: 36902426 PMCID: PMC10003567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation in the female reproductive system causes serious health problems including infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta (PPARβ/δ) ligands on the transcriptomic profile of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated pig corpus luteum (CL) in the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle using RNA-seq technology. The CL slices were incubated in the presence of LPS or in combination with LPS and the PPARβ/δ agonist-GW0724 (1 μmol/L or 10 μmol/L) or the antagonist-GSK3787 (25 μmol/L). We identified 117 differentially expressed genes after treatment with LPS; 102 and 97 differentially expressed genes after treatment, respectively, with the PPARβ/δ agonist at a concentration of 1 μmol/L or 10 μmol/L, as well as 88 after the treatment with the PPARβ/δ antagonist. In addition, biochemical analyses of oxidative status were performed (total antioxidant capacity and activity of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase). This study revealed that PPARβ/δ agonists regulate genes involved in the inflammatory response in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that the lower dose of GW0724 showed an anti-inflammatory character, while the higher dose seems to be pro-inflammatory. We propose that GW0724 should be considered for further research to alleviate chronic inflammation (at the lower dose) or to support the natural immune response against pathogens (at the higher dose) in the inflamed corpus luteum.
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Dalal S, Shook PL, Singh M, Singh K. Post-ischemic cardioprotective potential of exogenous ubiquitin in myocardial remodeling late after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2023; 312:121216. [PMID: 36435225 PMCID: PMC9784153 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pretreatment with ubiquitin (UB) associates with preservation of heart function 3 days post-ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study investigated the cardioprotective potential of exogenous UB late after myocardial I/R injury. To enhance the clinical relevance, UB treatment was started at the time of reperfusion and continued for 28 days post-I/R. MAIN METHODS Mice underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 45 min. At the time of reperfusion, mice were treated with UB or saline which was continued until 28 days post-I/R. Heart function was measured at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days post-I/R using echocardiography. Biochemical parameters of the heart and serum cytokines/chemokines levels were measured 28 days post-I/R. KEY FINDINGS I/R decreased heart function and induced LV dilation at all time points post-I/R. However, I/R + UB exhibited improved heart function throughout the observation period, while LV dilation was lower in I/R + UB group at 3, 14 and 28 days post-I/R. I/R-mediated increase in myocardial fibrosis, hypertrophy and apoptosis were significantly lower in I/R + UB vs. I/R. Collagen-1α1 and MMP-2 expression was lower, while MMP-9 and TIMP-2 expression was higher in I/R + UB vs. I/R. MYH-7B (hypertrophy marker) expression was lower in I/R + UB vs. I/R. GSK3β activation was lower (vs. Sham), while activation of ERK1/2 (vs. I/R) and AKT (vs. Sham) was higher in I/R + UB. Serum levels of IL-6, G-CSF and IL-2 were lower in I/R + UB vs. I/R. SIGNIFICANCE Post-ischemic UB treatment improves heart function, and associates with decreased myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis, hypertrophy and serum cytokine/chemokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dalal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, USA; Department of Health Sciences, USA; Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Paige L Shook
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, USA
| | - Mahipal Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, USA
| | - Krishna Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, USA; Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA; James H Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mountain Home, TN, USA.
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Kwak DW, Park D, Kim JH. Leukotriene B 4 Receptor 2 Mediates the Production of G-CSF That Plays a Critical Role in Steroid-Resistant Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112979. [PMID: 36428547 PMCID: PMC9687517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been suggested to be closely associated with neutrophilic asthma pathogenesis. However, little is known about the factors regulating the production of G-CSF in neutrophilic asthma. We previously reported that a leukotriene B4 receptor 2, BLT2, played an important role in neutrophilic airway inflammation. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated whether BLT2 plays a role in the production of G-CSF in lipopolysaccharide/ovalbumin (LPS/OVA)-induced steroid-resistant neutrophilic asthma. The data showed that BLT2 critically mediated G-CSF production, contributing to the progression of neutrophilic airway inflammation. We also observed that 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO), which catalyzes the synthesis of the BLT2 ligand 12(S)-HETE, was also necessary for G-CSF production. Together, these results suggest that the 12-LO-BLT2-linked signaling network is critical for the production of G-CSF, contributing to the development of neutrophilic airway inflammation. Our findings can provide a potential new target for the therapy of severe neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Kwak
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3290-3452
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10
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Snyder BL, Blackshear PJ. Clinical implications of tristetraprolin (TTP) modulation in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108198. [PMID: 35525391 PMCID: PMC9636069 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mediators can contribute to the excess inflammation characteristic of many autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, type 1 diabetes, and many others. The tristetraprolin (TTP) family consists of a small group of related RNA-binding proteins that bind to preferred AU-rich binding sites within the 3'-untranslated regions of specific mRNAs to promote mRNA deadenylation and decay. TTP deficient mice develop a severe systemic inflammatory syndrome consisting of arthritis, myeloid hyperplasia, dermatitis, autoimmunity and cachexia, due at least in part to the excess accumulation of proinflammatory chemokine and cytokine mRNAs and their encoded proteins. To investigate the possibility that increased TTP expression or activity might have a beneficial effect on inflammatory diseases, at least two mouse models have been developed that provide proof of principle that increasing TTP activity can promote the decay of pro-inflammatory and other relevant transcripts, and decrease the severity of mouse models of inflammatory disease. Animal studies of this type are summarized here, and we briefly review the prospects for harnessing these insights for the development of TTP-based anti-inflammatory treatments in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Snyder
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
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11
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Neto E, Monteiro AC, Leite Pereira C, Simões M, Conde JP, Chu V, Sarmento B, Lamghari M. Micropathological Chip Modeling the Neurovascular Unit Response to Inflammatory Bone Condition. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102305. [PMID: 35158409 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip in vitro platforms accurately mimic complex microenvironments offering the ability to recapitulate and dissect mechanisms of physiological and pathological settings, revealing their major importance to develop new therapeutic targets. Bone diseases, such as osteoarthritis, are extremely complex, comprising of the action of inflammatory mediators leading to unbalanced bone homeostasis and de-regulation of sensory innervation and angiogenesis. Although there are models to mimic bone vascularization or innervation, in vitro platforms merging the complexity of bone, vasculature, innervation, and inflammation are missing. Therefore, in this study a microfluidic-based neuro-vascularized bone chip (NVB chip) is proposed to 1) model the mechanistic interactions between innervation and angiogenesis in the inflammatory bone niche, and 2) explore, as a screening tool, novel strategies targeting inflammatory diseases, using a nano-based drug delivery system. It is possible to set the design of the platform and achieve the optimized conditions to address the neurovascular network under inflammation. Moreover, this system is validated by delivering anti-inflammatory drug-loaded nanoparticles to counteract the neuronal growth associated with pain perception. This reliable in vitro tool will allow understanding the bone neurovascular system, enlightening novel mechanisms behind the inflammatory bone diseases, bone destruction, and pain opening new avenues for new therapies discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estrela Neto
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina Monteiro
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
| | - Catarina Leite Pereira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
| | - Miguel Simões
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
| | - João Pedro Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores (INESC) Microsystems and Nanotechnologies Rua Alves Redol, 9 1000‐029 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Virginia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores (INESC) Microsystems and Nanotechnologies Rua Alves Redol, 9 1000‐029 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- CESPU Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Rua Central da Gandra, 137 Gandra 4585‐116 Portugal
| | - Meriem Lamghari
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 Porto 4200‐135 Portugal
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12
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Parthasarathy G, Gadila SKG. Neuropathogenicity of non-viable Borrelia burgdorferi ex vivo. Sci Rep 2022; 12:688. [PMID: 35027599 PMCID: PMC8758786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Even after appropriate treatment, a proportion of Lyme disease patients suffer from a constellation of symptoms, collectively called Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS). Brain PET scan of patients with PTLDS have demonstrated likely glial activation indicating persistent neuroinflammatory processes. It is possible that unresolved bacterial remnants can continue to cause neuroinflammation. In previous studies, we have shown that non-viable Borrelia burgdorferi can induce neuroinflammation and apoptosis in an oligodendrocyte cell line. In this follow-up study, we analyze the effect of sonicated remnants of B. burgdorferi on primary rhesus frontal cortex (FC) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explants. Five FC and three DRG tissue fragments from rhesus macaques were exposed to sonicated B. burgdorferi and analyzed for 26 inflammatory mediators. Live bacteria and medium alone served as positive and negative control, respectively. Tissues were also analyzed for cell types mediating inflammation and overall apoptotic changes. Non-viable B. burgdorferi induced significant levels of several inflammatory mediators in both FC and DRG, similar to live bacteria. However, the levels induced by non-viable B. burgdorferi was often (several fold) higher than those induced by live ones, especially for IL-6, CXCL8 and CCL2. This effect was also more profound in the FC than in the DRG. Although the levels often differed, both live and dead fragments induced the same mediators, with significant overlap between FC and DRG. In the FC, immunohistochemical staining for several inflammatory mediators showed the presence of multiple mediators in astrocytes, followed by microglia and oligodendrocytes, in response to bacterial remnants. Staining was also seen in endothelial cells. In the DRG, chemokine/cytokine staining was predominantly seen in S100 positive (glial) cells. B. burgdorferi remnants also induced significant levels of apoptosis in both the FC and DRG. Apoptosis was confined to S100 + cells in the DRG while distinct neuronal apoptosis was also detected in most FC tissues in response to sonicated bacteria. Non-viable B. burgdorferi can continue to be neuropathogenic to both CNS and PNS tissues with effects likely more profound in the former. Persistence of remnant-induced neuroinflammatory processes can lead to long term health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Parthasarathy
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA. .,Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703, Three rivers Road, Room 109, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
| | - Shiva Kumar Goud Gadila
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
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13
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Martin KR, Wong HL, Witko-Sarsat V, Wicks IP. G-CSF - A double edge sword in neutrophil mediated immunity. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101516. [PMID: 34728120 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are vital for the innate immune system's control of pathogens and neutrophil deficiency can render the host susceptible to life-threatening infections. Neutrophil responses must also be tightly regulated because excessive production, recruitment or activation of neutrophils can cause tissue damage in both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a key regulator of neutrophil biology, from production, differentiation, and release of neutrophil precursors in the bone marrow (BM) to modulating the function of mature neutrophils outside of the BM, particularly at sites of inflammation. G-CSF acts by binding to its cognate cell surface receptor on target cells, causing the activation of intracellular signalling pathways mediating the proliferation, differentiation, function, and survival of cells in the neutrophil lineage. Studies in humans and mice demonstrate that G-CSF contributes to protecting the host against infection, but conversely, it can play a deleterious role in inflammatory diseases. As such, neutrophils and the G-CSF pathway may provide novel therapeutic targets. This review will focus on understanding the role G-CSF plays in the balance between effective neutrophil mediated host defence versus neutrophil-mediated inflammation and tissue damage in various inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Martin
- WEHI, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Huon L Wong
- WEHI, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | | | - Ian P Wicks
- WEHI, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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14
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Odom CV, Kim Y, Burgess CL, Baird LA, Korkmaz FT, Na E, Shenoy AT, Arafa EI, Lam TT, Jones MR, Mizgerd JP, Traber KE, Quinton LJ. Liver-Dependent Lung Remodeling during Systemic Inflammation Shapes Responses to Secondary Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1891-1902. [PMID: 34470857 PMCID: PMC8631467 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic duress, such as that elicited by sepsis, burns, or trauma, predisposes patients to secondary pneumonia, demanding better understanding of host pathways influencing this deleterious connection. These pre-existing circumstances are capable of triggering the hepatic acute-phase response (APR), which we previously demonstrated is essential for limiting susceptibility to secondary lung infections. To identify potential mechanisms underlying protection afforded by the lung-liver axis, our studies aimed to evaluate liver-dependent lung reprogramming when a systemic inflammatory challenge precedes pneumonia. Wild-type mice and APR-deficient littermate mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of STAT3 (hepSTAT3-/-), a transcription factor necessary for full APR initiation, were challenged i.p. with LPS to induce endotoxemia. After 18 h, pneumonia was induced by intratracheal Escherichia coli instillation. Endotoxemia elicited significant transcriptional alterations in the lungs of wild-type and hepSTAT3-/- mice, with nearly 2000 differentially expressed genes between genotypes. The gene signatures revealed exaggerated immune activity in the lungs of hepSTAT3-/- mice, which were compromised in their capacity to launch additional cytokine responses to secondary infection. Proteomics revealed substantial liver-dependent modifications in the airspaces of pneumonic mice, implicating a network of dispatched liver-derived mediators influencing lung homeostasis. These results indicate that after systemic inflammation, liver acute-phase changes dramatically remodel the lungs, resulting in a modified landscape for any stimuli encountered thereafter. Based on the established vulnerability of hepSTAT3-/- mice to secondary lung infections, we believe that intact liver function is critical for maintaining the immunological responsiveness of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine V Odom
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Yuri Kim
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Claire L Burgess
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Lillia A Baird
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Filiz T Korkmaz
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Elim Na
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Anukul T Shenoy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Emad I Arafa
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Yale MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph P Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Lee J Quinton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA;
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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15
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Gottschalk TA, Vincent FB, Hoi AY, Hibbs ML. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is not pathogenic in lupus nephritis. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:758-770. [PMID: 33960699 PMCID: PMC8342225 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies that form immune complexes with self‐antigens, which deposit in various tissues, leading to inflammation and disease. The etiology of disease is complex and still not completely elucidated. Dysregulated inflammation is an important disease feature, and the mainstay of lupus treatment still utilizes nonspecific anti‐inflammatory drugs. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) is a growth, survival, and activation factor for neutrophils and a mobilizer of hematopoietic stem cells, both of which underlie inflammatory responses in lupus. To determine whether G‐CSF has a causal role in lupus, we genetically deleted G‐CSF from Lyn‐deficient mice, an experimental model of lupus nephritis. Lyn−/−G‐CSF−/− mice displayed many of the inflammatory features of Lyn‐deficient mice; however, they had reduced bone marrow and tissue neutrophils, consistent with G‐CSF's role in neutrophil development. Unexpectedly, in comparison to aged Lyn‐deficient mice, matched Lyn−/−G‐CSF−/− mice maintained neutrophil hyperactivation and exhibited exacerbated numbers of effector memory T cells, augmented autoantibody titers, and worsened lupus nephritis. In humans, serum G‐CSF levels were not elevated in patients with lupus or with active renal disease. Thus, these studies suggest that G‐CSF is not pathogenic in lupus, and therefore G‐CSF blockade is an unsuitable therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Gottschalk
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fabien B Vincent
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alberta Y Hoi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Abdel Fattah IO, Nasr El-Din WA. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor improves intervertebral disc degeneration in experimental adult male rats: A microscopic and radiological study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:787-802. [PMID: 33015986 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a major contributor to low back pain (LBP). Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) is known to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that may be implicated in intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration. Rats were divided into the following three groups: (i) control group; (ii) IVDD group-the rats underwent Co5/Co6 and Co7/Co8 IVDD operation; and (iii) GCSF-treated group-the rats received daily GCSF subcutaneous injections starting 6 weeks after the IVDD operation and continued for 5 days. All of the rats were euthanized after 8 weeks, and IVDs were assessed by tail X-ray and histopathological, immunohistochemical, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The X-rays showed disc narrowing in the IVDD group that was significantly widened in the GCSF-treated rats. Histologically, the IVDD group showed disarrangement of the annulus fibrosis lamellae, complete degeneration of the nucleus pulposus, and loss of proteoglycan content. These changes were improved after GCSF treatment. Vertebral endplate thickness and cellularity were significantly decreased with IVDD and significantly increased after GCSF treatment. Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) immune expression was significantly increased in the IVDD group but decreased in the GCSF-treated group. However, the caspase-3 expression percentage showed no significant difference among the studied groups. TEM showed excessive collagen deposits around the notochordal cells in the IVDD group, which were attenuated in the GCSF-treated group. These results indicate that GCSF improves IVDD and promotes its recovery based on radiological, histological and TEM findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Omar Abdel Fattah
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wael Amin Nasr El-Din
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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17
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Liu Y, Zhang S, Xia CS, Chen J, Fan C. Elevated Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Levels in Patients With Active Phase of Adult-onset Still Disease. J Rheumatol 2020; 48:664-668. [PMID: 32934126 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.200617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neutrophilia is a hallmark of adult-onset Still disease (AOSD). We aimed to investigate the levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), an essential regulator of neutrophil production and function, in the pathogenesis of AOSD. METHODS Sera were collected from 70 patients with AOSD and 20 healthy controls (HCs). The levels of G-CSF were determined by ELISA. Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) were quantified by flow cytometry. Correlations between G-CSF levels and disease activity, laboratory variables, and LDG levels in patients with AOSD were analyzed by Spearman correlation test. RESULTS Patients with active AOSD presented significantly higher levels of G-CSF compared to inactive AOSD patients (P < 0.001) and HCs (P < 0.0001). The G-CSF levels were significantly decreased after active AOSD patients achieved disease remission (P = 0.0015). The G-CSF levels were significantly correlated with C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ferritin, and systemic score in AOSD (P < 0.0001). Significant correlations between the levels of G-CSF and circulating neutrophils (P < 0.0001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.0001), percentages of LDGs in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = 0.004), as well as absolute numbers of circulating LDGs (P = 0.018) were identified. Patients with fever, evanescent rash, sore throat, arthralgia, myalgia, lymphadenopathy, or hepatomegaly/elevated liver enzymes displayed significantly higher levels of G-CSF compared to patients without these manifestations (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that G-CSF is implicated in the pathogenesis of AOSD, and targeting G-CSF may have therapeutic potential for AOSD. In addition, introducing circulating G-CSF levels into the clinical assessment system may help to monitor disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Y. Liu, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, C. Xia, PhD, C. Fan, BS, Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital;
| | - Shulan Zhang
- S. Zhang, MD, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Chang-Sheng Xia
- Y. Liu, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, C. Xia, PhD, C. Fan, BS, Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital
| | - Jiali Chen
- J. Chen, MD, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhong Fan
- Y. Liu, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, C. Xia, PhD, C. Fan, BS, Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital
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18
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Kim HS, Kim HJ, Kim N, Song JJ, Son BS, Yang JH, Lee CM, Park MK, Seo YR. Toxicogenomic study to identify potential signaling alterations related to nasal inflammatory damages induced by diesel exhaust particles in primary human nasal epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104994. [PMID: 32891722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to identify signaling alteration caused by exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) using primary human nasal epithelial cells (PHNECs). Global gene expression profiles in PHNECs following 50 and 200 μg/ml of DEP exposure were identified using microarray analysis. To cover the limitation of array-based mRNA expression analysis, text-mining-based software was used to analyze the integrative biological networks and relevant disease-focused functions among identified DEP-responsive genes. The confidence was valued based on the connectivity between the analyzed pathway and marker candidates. Through a literature-based pathway analysis, the stimulation of inflammation- and immune response-related processes mediated by TNF were predicted as major signaling alterations in PHNECs caused by DEP exposure. CSF3, CXCL8, MMP1, and VEGFA were identified as key hub genes in the predicted pathway. Significant expression level changes in the five key genes following DEP exposure were validated in terms of protein and mRNA expression. Although further studies are required, our toxicogenomic investigation provides key clues to the exact mechanism underlying DEP-induced nasal inflammatory damage. It also suggests an efficient approach for other research on adverse effects occurring in the upper respiratory tract following DEP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Soon Son
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jun Hyuek Yang
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Min Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Tham EL, Freeley SJ, Bearder S, Barros FF, Cragg MS, Mócsai A, Robson MG. VISTA deficiency protects from immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis by inhibiting neutrophil activation. J Autoimmun 2020; 113:102501. [PMID: 32586651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
V-type immunoglobulin domain-containing suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) is a negative checkpoint regulator of T cells. We assessed VISTA deficient mice in the murine nephrotoxic nephritis models of acute and chronic immune-complex mediated glomerulonephritis. We show that VISTA deficiency protects from crescentic glomerulonephritis, with no effect on the nephritogenic adaptive immune response. The early neutrophil influx was unaffected but proteinuria was reduced suggesting a reduction in neutrophil activation. In vivo, there was reduced neutrophil degranulation in VISTA deficienct mice and, in vitro, VISTA-deficient neutrophils had an impaired response to immune complexes but not to fMLP or PMA. Mice with a genetic deficiency of neutrophils due to myeloid-specific deletion of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) were also protected from crescentic glomerulonephritis, indicating an essential role for neutrophils. Therefore, VISTA deficiency inhibits neutrophil activation by immune complexes and neutrophil-dependent crescentic glomerulonephritis. This suggests that VISTA is a therapeutic target for inflammatory disease. However, this would need to be balanced against a potential enhancing effect on autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Li Tham
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Freeley
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Bearder
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda Florez Barros
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael G Robson
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom.
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20
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Chaari A, Bendriss G, Zakaria D, McVeigh C. Importance of Dietary Changes During the Coronavirus Pandemic: How to Upgrade Your Immune Response. Front Public Health 2020; 8:476. [PMID: 32984253 PMCID: PMC7481450 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The new coronavirus pandemic continues to spread causing further public health, social, and economic issues. The disparities in the rates of death between countries poses questions about the importance of lifestyle habits and the immune status of populations. An exploration of dietary habits and COVID-19-related death might unravel associations between these two variables. Indeed, while both nutritional excess and deficiency are associated with immunodeficiency, adequate nutrition leading to an optimally functioning immune system may be associated with better outcomes with regards to preventing infection and complications of COVID-19, as well as developing a better immune response to other pathogenic viruses and microorganisms. This article outlines the key functions of the immune system and how macronutrients, micronutrients, and metabolites from the gut microbiome can be essential in the development of an efficient immune system. In addition, the effects of intermittent fasting on the inflammatory state as well as metabolic parameters will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Chaari
- Premedical Department, Weill Cornell Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
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21
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Patel DF, Peiró T, Bruno N, Vuononvirta J, Akthar S, Puttur F, Pyle CJ, Suveizdytė K, Walker SA, Singanayagam A, Carlin LM, Gregory LG, Lloyd CM, Snelgrove RJ. Neutrophils restrain allergic airway inflammation by limiting ILC2 function and monocyte-dendritic cell antigen presentation. Sci Immunol 2019; 4:eaax7006. [PMID: 31704734 PMCID: PMC7613621 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aax7006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil mobilization, recruitment, and clearance must be tightly regulated as overexuberant neutrophilic inflammation is implicated in the pathology of chronic diseases, including asthma. Efforts to target neutrophils therapeutically have failed to consider their pleiotropic functions and the implications of disrupting fundamental regulatory pathways that govern their turnover during homeostasis and inflammation. Using the house dust mite (HDM) model of allergic airway disease, we demonstrate that neutrophil depletion unexpectedly resulted in exacerbated T helper 2 (TH2) inflammation, epithelial remodeling, and airway resistance. Mechanistically, this was attributable to a marked increase in systemic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentrations, which are ordinarily negatively regulated in the periphery by transmigrated lung neutrophils. Intriguingly, we found that increased G-CSF augmented allergic sensitization in HDM-exposed animals by directly acting on airway type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) to elicit cytokine production. Moreover, increased systemic G-CSF promoted expansion of bone marrow monocyte progenitor populations, which resulted in enhanced antigen presentation by an augmented peripheral monocyte-derived dendritic cell pool. By modeling the effects of neutrophil depletion, our studies have uncovered previously unappreciated roles for G-CSF in modulating ILC2 function and antigen presentation. More broadly, they highlight an unexpected regulatory role for neutrophils in limiting TH2 allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiren F Patel
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Teresa Peiró
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Nicoletta Bruno
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Juho Vuononvirta
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Samia Akthar
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Franz Puttur
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chloe J Pyle
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kornelija Suveizdytė
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Simone A Walker
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Aran Singanayagam
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Lisa G Gregory
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Robert J Snelgrove
- Inflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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22
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Neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic cystitis induced by ifosfamide. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 62:96-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Rüger BM, Buchacher T, Giurea A, Kubista B, Fischer MB, Breuss JM. Vascular Morphogenesis in the Context of Inflammation: Self-Organization in a Fibrin-Based 3D Culture System. Front Physiol 2018; 9:679. [PMID: 29922175 PMCID: PMC5996074 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: New vessel formation requires a continuous and tightly regulated interplay between endothelial cells with cells of the perivascular microenvironment supported by mechanic-physical and chemical cues from the extracellular matrix. Aim: Here we investigated the potential of small fragments of synovial tissue to form de novo vascular structures in the context of inflammation within three dimensional (3D) fibrin-based matrices in vitro, and assessed the contribution of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-immune cell cross-talk to neovascularization considering paracrine signals in a fibrin-based co-culture model. Material and Methods: Synovial tissue fragments from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA) were cultivated within 3D fibrin matrices for up to 4 weeks. Cellular and structural re-arrangement of the initially acellular matrix were documented by phase contrast microscopy and characterized by confocal laser-scanning microscopy of topographically intact 3D cultures and by immunohistochemistry. MSC-peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) co-cultures in the 3D fibrin system specifically addressed the influence of perivascular cell interactions to neo-vessel formation in a pro-inflammatory microenvironment. Cytokine levels in the supernatants of cultured explant tissues and co-cultures were evaluated by the Bio-Plex cytokine assay and ELISA. Results: Vascular outgrowth from the embedded tissue into the fibrin matrix was preceded by leukocyte egress from the tissue fragments. Neo-vessels originating from both the embedded sample and from clusters locally formed by emigrated mononuclear cells were consistently associated with CD45+ leukocytes. MSC and PBMC in co-culture formed vasculogenic clusters. Clusters and cells with endothelial phenotype emerging from them, were surrounded by a collagen IV scaffold. No vascular structures were observed in control 3D monocultures of PBMC or MSC. Paracrine signals released by cultured OA tissue fragments corresponded with elevated levels of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 secreted by MSC-PBMC co-cultures. Conclusion: Our results show that synovial tissue fragments with immune cell infiltrates have the potential to form new vessels in initially avascular 3D fibrin-based matrices. Cross-talk and cluster formation of MSC with immune cells within the 3D fibrin environment through self-organization and secretion of pro-angiogenic paracrine factors can support neo-vessel growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate M Rüger
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanja Buchacher
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Alexander Giurea
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Kubista
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael B Fischer
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Danube University Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Johannes M Breuss
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Tsantikos E, Lau M, Castelino CM, Maxwell MJ, Passey SL, Hansen MJ, McGregor NE, Sims NA, Steinfort DP, Irving LB, Anderson GP, Hibbs ML. Granulocyte-CSF links destructive inflammation and comorbidities in obstructive lung disease. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:2406-2418. [PMID: 29708507 DOI: 10.1172/jci98224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable inflammatory lung disease that afflicts millions of people worldwide, and it is the fourth leading cause of death. Systemic comorbidities affecting the heart, skeletal muscle, bone, and metabolism are major contributors to morbidity and mortality. Given the surprising finding in large prospective clinical biomarker studies that peripheral white blood cell count is more closely associated with disease than inflammatory biomarkers, we probed the role of blood growth factors. Using the SHIP-1-deficient COPD mouse model, which manifests a syndrome of destructive lung disease and a complex of comorbid pathologies, we have identified a critical and unexpected role for granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF) in linking these conditions. Deletion of G-CSF greatly reduced airway inflammation and lung tissue destruction, and attenuated systemic inflammation, right heart hypertrophy, loss of fat reserves, and bone osteoporosis. In human clinical translational studies, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with COPD demonstrated elevated G-CSF levels. These studies suggest that G-CSF may play a central and unforeseen pathogenic role in COPD and its complex comorbidities, and identify G-CSF and its regulators as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Tsantikos
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maverick Lau
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cassandra Mn Castelino
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mhairi J Maxwell
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha L Passey
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle J Hansen
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Narelle E McGregor
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel P Steinfort
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louis B Irving
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary P Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Jeannin P, Paolini L, Adam C, Delneste Y. The roles of CSFs on the functional polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. FEBS J 2017; 285:680-699. [PMID: 29171156 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages have a central role in numerous physiological processes, such as immune defense, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, wound healing, and inflammation. Moreover, in numerous severe disorders, such as cancer or chronic inflammation, their functions can be profoundly affected. Macrophages continuously sense their environment and adapt their phenotypes and functions to the local requirements; this process is called plasticity. In addition to stress signals, metabolites, and direct cell-contact interactions with surrounding cells, numerous cytokines play a central role in controlling macrophage polarization. In this review, we will focus on three human macrophage differentiation factors: macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), IL-34, and granulocyte M-CSF. These CSFs allow human monocyte survival, promote their differentiation into macrophages, and control macrophage polarization as they give rise to cells with different phenotype and functions. Based on recent observations, the role of granulocyte CSF on macrophage polarization is also addressed. Finally, our current knowledge on the expression of these growth factors in tumor microenvironment and their impact on the generation and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Jeannin
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, France.,Laboratory of Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital of Angers, France.,LabEx ImmunoGraftOnco, Angers, France
| | - Léa Paolini
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, France.,LabEx ImmunoGraftOnco, Angers, France
| | - Clement Adam
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, France.,LabEx ImmunoGraftOnco, Angers, France
| | - Yves Delneste
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, France.,Laboratory of Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital of Angers, France.,LabEx ImmunoGraftOnco, Angers, France
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26
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Safety, tolerability, and pharmacodynamics of an anti-interleukin-1α/β dual variable domain immunoglobulin in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized phase 1 study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1952-1961. [PMID: 28964890 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ABT-981, a human dual variable domain immunoglobulin simultaneously targeting interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β, in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHOD This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center study of multiple subcutaneous (SC) injections of ABT-981 in patients with mild-to-moderate OA of the knee (NCT01668511). Three cohorts received ABT-981 (0.3, 1, or 3 mg/kg) or placebo every other week for a total of four SC injections, and one cohort received ABT-981 (3 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks for a total of three SC injections. Assessment of safety and tolerability were the primary objectives. A panel of serum and urine biomarkers of inflammation and joint degradation were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 36 patients were randomized (ABT-981, n = 28; placebo, n = 8); 31 (86%) completed the study. Adverse event (AE) rates were comparable between ABT-981 and placebo (54% vs 63%). The most common AE reported with ABT-981 vs placebo was injection site erythema (14% vs 0%). ABT-981 significantly reduced absolute neutrophil count and serum concentrations of IL-1α/IL-1β, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-derived type 1 collagen. Serum concentrations of MMP-derived type 3 collagen and MMP-degraded C-reactive protein demonstrated decreasing trends with ABT-981. Antidrug antibodies were found in 37% of patients but were not associated with the incidence or severity of AEs. CONCLUSION ABT-981 was generally well tolerated in patients with knee OA and engaged relevant tissue targets, eliciting an anti-inflammatory response. Consequently, ABT-981 may provide clinical benefit to patients with inflammation-driven OA.
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27
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Messeha SS, Zarmouh NO, Mendonca P, Kolta MG, Soliman KFA. The attenuating effects of plumbagin on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 313:129-137. [PMID: 28950995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activated microglial cells produce the pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines. The excessive release of these mediators can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Inhibition of the release of these pro-inflammatory molecules may prevent or halt the progression of these diseases. Plumbagin (PL), a naphthoquinone compound in the roots of the traditional medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L., showed anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages. However, PL effects on activated microglia remain unknown. In the present study, PL has been examined for its anti-inflammatory effect on LPS - activated microglial BV-2 cells. In this study, NO and iNOS expression were investigated in BV-2 microglial cells in the presence of PL or the selective iNOS inhibitor L-N6-(1-iminoethyl) lysine (L-NIL). The results obtained indicate that PL was >30-fold potent than L-NIL in inhibiting NO production with an IC50 of 0.39μM. Our immunofluorescence study confirmed the ability of PL to significantly inhibit iNOS expression in the activated microglia. Furthermore, the extracellular microglial pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the presence of 2μM of PL was detected, quantified, and validated using cytokine antibody protein arrays and quantitative ELISA. The results obtained showed that PL significantly downregulated the expression of many cytokines including IL-1α, G-CSF, IL-12 p40/p70, MCP-5, MCP-1, and IL-6. In conclusion, PL potency in attenuating multiple pro-inflammatory agents indicates its potential to be used for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia S Messeha
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Najla O Zarmouh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Malak G Kolta
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
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28
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Birru Talabi M, Mackey RH, Kuller LH, Dorman JS, Deane KD, Robinson WH, Walitt BT, Chang Y, Holers VM, Liu S, Moreland LW. Human Leukocyte Antigen Shared Epitope and Inflammation, Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and Mortality Among Postmenopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative Rheumatoid Arthritis Study. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:245-254. [PMID: 28459968 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific alleles of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 gene (HLA-DRB1) encode a "shared epitope" (SE) associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially more severe cyclic-citrullinated peptide antibody-positive (anti-CCP+) RA. We evaluated associations of number of SE alleles (0, 1, or 2) with total and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and incident coronary heart disease (CHD), CVD, and cancer over a mean 8.9 (standard deviation, 3.5) years of follow-up, stratifying by baseline anti-CCP status (positive (+) vs. negative (-)). A longitudinal study, the Women's Health Initiative RA Study (1993-2010), sampled postmenopausal women who reported RA at baseline (1993-1998) or follow-up in the Women's Health Initiative, classified as anti-CCP+ RA (n = 556) or anti-CCP- non-RA (n = 1,070). Among anti-CCP+ RA women, SE alleles were not related to age-adjusted risks of CHD, CVD, or cancer or to total or CVD mortality. Among anti-CCP- non-RA women, age-adjusted hazard ratios for 1 and 2 SE alleles versus 0 SE alleles were 0.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34, 0.50) and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.72), respectively, for CVD; 0.43 (95% CI: 0.37, 0.53) and 0.30 (95% CI: 0.16, 0.64), respectively, for CHD; and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.73) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.83), respectively, for cancer. Associations persisted after adjustment for CVD risk factors, joint pain, rheumatoid factor positivity, and inflammatory markers (white blood cell count or cytokine level). In future studies, investigators should evaluate SE associations among anti-CCP- adults without RA and potential mechanisms.
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29
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Scalzo-Inguanti K, Monaghan K, Edwards K, Herzog E, Mirosa D, Hardy M, Sorto V, Huynh H, Rakar S, Kurtov D, Braley H, Wilson N, Busfield S, Nash A, Andrews A. A neutralizing anti-G-CSFR antibody blocks G-CSF-induced neutrophilia without inducing neutropenia in nonhuman primates. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:537-549. [PMID: 28515226 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5a1116-489r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant WBCs and have an essential role in the clearance of pathogens. Tight regulation of neutrophil numbers and their recruitment to sites of inflammation is critical in maintaining a balanced immune response. In various inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, cystic fibrosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, increased serum G-CSF correlates with neutrophilia and enhanced neutrophil infiltration into inflamed tissues. We describe a fully human therapeutic anti-G-CSFR antibody (CSL324) that is safe and well tolerated when administered via i.v. infusion to cynomolgus macaques. CSL324 was effective in controlling G-CSF-mediated neutrophilia when administered either before or after G-CSF. A single ascending-dose study showed CSL324 did not alter steady-state neutrophil numbers, even at doses sufficient to completely prevent G-CSF-mediated neutrophilia. Weekly infusions of CSL324 (≤10 mg/kg) for 3 wk completely neutralized G-CSF-mediated pSTAT3 phosphorylation without neutropenia. Moreover, repeat dosing up to 100 mg/kg for 12 wk did not result in neutropenia at any point, including the 12-wk follow-up after the last infusion. In addition, CSL324 had no observable effect on basic neutrophil functions, such as phagocytosis and oxidative burst. These data suggest that targeting G-CSFR may provide a safe and effective means of controlling G-CSF-mediated neutrophilia as observed in various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huy Huynh
- CSL Limited, Parkville, Australia; and
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30
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Lee MC, McCubbin JA, Christensen AD, Poole DP, Rajasekhar P, Lieu T, Bunnett NW, Garcia-Caraballo S, Erickson A, Brierley SM, Saleh R, Achuthan A, Fleetwood AJ, Anderson RL, Hamilton JA, Cook AD. G-CSF Receptor Blockade Ameliorates Arthritic Pain and Disease. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 198:3565-3575. [PMID: 28320832 PMCID: PMC10069442 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
G-CSF or CSF-3, originally defined as a regulator of granulocyte lineage development via its cell surface receptor (G-CSFR), can play a role in inflammation, and hence in many pathologies, due to its effects on mature lineage populations. Given this, and because pain is an extremely important arthritis symptom, the efficacy of an anti-G-CSFR mAb for arthritic pain and disease was compared with that of a neutrophil-depleting mAb, anti-Ly6G, in both adaptive and innate immune-mediated murine models. Pain and disease were ameliorated in Ag-induced arthritis, zymosan-induced arthritis, and methylated BSA/IL-1 arthritis by both prophylactic and therapeutic anti-G-CSFR mAb treatment, whereas only prophylactic anti-Ly6G mAb treatment was effective. Efficacy for pain and disease correlated with reduced joint neutrophil numbers and, importantly, benefits were noted without necessarily the concomitant reduction in circulating neutrophils. Anti-G-CSFR mAb also suppressed zymosan-induced inflammatory pain. A new G-CSF-driven (methylated BSA/G-CSF) arthritis model was established enabling us to demonstrate that pain was blocked by a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, suggesting an indirect effect on neurons. Correspondingly, dorsal root ganglion neurons cultured in G-CSF failed to respond to G-CSF in vitro, and Csf3r gene expression could not be detected in dorsal root ganglion neurons by single-cell RT-PCR. These data suggest that G-CSFR/G-CSF targeting may be a safe therapeutic strategy for arthritis and other inflammatory conditions, particularly those in which pain is important, as well as for inflammatory pain per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chin Lee
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - James A McCubbin
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Anne D Christensen
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Pradeep Rajasekhar
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - TinaMarie Lieu
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sonia Garcia-Caraballo
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,Visceral Pain Group, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Andelain Erickson
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,Visceral Pain Group, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,Visceral Pain Group, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Reem Saleh
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Adrian Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Andrew J Fleetwood
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Robin L Anderson
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia; and.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - John A Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia;
| | - Andrew D Cook
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
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31
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Arthritis models: usefulness and interpretation. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 39:469-486. [PMID: 28349194 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of arthritis are used to better understand pathophysiology of a disease or to seek potential therapeutic targets or strategies. Focusing on models currently used for studying rheumatoid arthritis, we show here in which extent models were invaluable to enlighten different mechanisms such as the role of innate immunity, T and B cells, vessels, or microbiota. Moreover, models were the starting point of in vivo application of cytokine-blocking strategies such as anti-TNF or anti-IL-6 treatments. The most popular models are the different types of collagen-induced arthritis and arthritis in KBN mice. As spontaneous arthritides, human TNF-α transgenic mice are a reliable model. It is mandatory to use animal models in the respect of ethical procedure, particularly regarding the number of animals and the control of pain. Moreover, design of experiments should be of the highest level, animal models of arthritis being dedicated to exploration of well-based novelties, and never used for confirmation or replication of already proven concepts. The best interpretations of data in animal models of arthritis suppose integrated research, including translational studies from animals to humans.
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. Self-reactive B and T lymphocytes cooperate to promote antibody responses against self proteins and are major drivers of disease. T lymphocytes also promote RA independently of B lymphocytes mainly through the production of key inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17, that promote pathology. While the innate signals that initiate self-reactive adaptive immune responses are poorly understood, the disease is predominantly caused by inflammatory cellular infiltration and accumulation in articular tissues, and by bone erosions driven by bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated cells formed by the fusion of multiple myeloid cells that require short-range signals, such as the cytokines MCSF and RANKL, for undergoing differentiation. The recruitment and positioning of osteoclast precursors to sites of osteoclast differentiation by chemoattractants is an important point of control for osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Recently, the GPCR EBI2 and its oxysterol ligand 7a, 25 dihydroxycholesterol, were identified as important regulators of osteoclast precursor positioning in proximity to bone surfaces and of osteoclast differentiation under homeostasis. In chronic inflammatory diseases like RA, osteoclast differentiation is also driven by inflammatory cytokines such as TNFa and IL-1, and can occur independently of RANKL. Finally, there is growing evidence that the chemotactic signals guiding osteoclast precursors to inflamed articular sites contribute to disease and are of great interest. Furthering our understanding of the complex osteoimmune cell interactions should provide new avenues of therapeutic intervention for RA.
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33
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Anti-colony-stimulating factor therapies for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 16:53-70. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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34
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Cook AD, Louis C, Robinson MJ, Saleh R, Sleeman MA, Hamilton JA. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor α expression and its targeting in antigen-induced arthritis and inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:287. [PMID: 27908288 PMCID: PMC5134062 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blockade of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and its receptor (GM-CSFRα) is being successfully tested in trials in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with clinical results equivalent to those found with neutralization of the current therapeutic targets, TNF and IL-6. To explore further the role of GM-CSF as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, we examined the effect of anti-GM-CSFRα neutralization on myeloid cell populations in antigen-driven arthritis and inflammation models and also compared its effect with that of anti-TNF and anti-IL-6. Methods Cell population changes upon neutralization by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) and antigen-induced peritonitis (AIP) models were monitored by flow cytometry and microarray. Adoptive transfer of monocytes into the AIP cavity was used to assess the GM-CSF dependence of the development of macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) at a site of inflammation. Results Therapeutic administration of a neutralizing anti-GM-CSF mAb, but not of an anti-colony-stimulating factor (anti-CSF)-1 or an anti-CSF-1R mAb, ameliorated AIA disease. Using the anti-GM-CSFRα mAb, the relative surface expression of different inflammatory myeloid populations was found to be similar in the inflamed tissues in both the AIA and AIP models; however, the GM-CSFRα mAb, but not neutralizing anti-TNF and anti-IL-6 mAbs, preferentially depleted Mo-DCs from these sites. In addition, we were able to show that locally acting GM-CSF upregulated macrophage/Mo-DC numbers via GM-CSFR signalling in donor monocytes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that GM-CSF blockade modulates inflammatory responses differently to TNF and IL-6 blockade and may provide additional insight into how targeting the GM-CSF/GM-CSFRα system is providing efficacy in RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1185-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Cook
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia.
| | - Cynthia Louis
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
| | - Matthew J Robinson
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Reem Saleh
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
| | - Matthew A Sleeman
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.,, Present Address: Regeneron, 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - John A Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
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Campbell IK, Leong D, Edwards KM, Rayzman V, Ng M, Goldberg GL, Wilson NJ, Scalzo-Inguanti K, Mackenzie-Kludas C, Lawlor KE, Wicks IP, Brown LE, Baz Morelli A, Panousis C, Wilson MJ, Nash AD, McKenzie BS, Andrews AE. Therapeutic Targeting of the G-CSF Receptor Reduces Neutrophil Trafficking and Joint Inflammation in Antibody-Mediated Inflammatory Arthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:4392-4402. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Altmeier S, Toska A, Sparber F, Teijeira A, Halin C, LeibundGut-Landmann S. IL-1 Coordinates the Neutrophil Response to C. albicans in the Oral Mucosa. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005882. [PMID: 27632536 PMCID: PMC5025078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal infections with Candida albicans belong to the most frequent forms of fungal diseases. Host protection is conferred by cellular immunity; however, the induction of antifungal immunity is not well understood. Using a mouse model of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) we show that interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling is critical for fungal control at the onset of infection through its impact on neutrophils at two levels. We demonstrate that both the recruitment of circulating neutrophils to the site of infection and the mobilization of newly generated neutrophils from the bone marrow depended on IL-1R. Consistently, IL-1R-deficient mice displayed impaired chemokine production at the site of infection and defective secretion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the circulation in response to C. albicans. Strikingly, endothelial cells were identified as the primary cellular source of G-CSF during OPC, which responded to IL-1α that was released from keratinocytes in the infected tissue. The IL-1-dependent crosstalk between two different cellular subsets of the nonhematopoietic compartment was confirmed in vitro using a novel murine tongue-derived keratinocyte cell line and an established endothelial cell line. These data establish a new link between IL-1 and granulopoiesis in the context of fungal infection. Together, we identified two complementary mechanisms coordinating the neutrophil response in the oral mucosa, which is critical for preventing fungal growth and dissemination, and thus protects the host from disease. The opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans is a major risk factor for immunosuppressed individuals, and oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a frequent complication in patients with weakened cellular immunity. The cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a critical role for antifungal host defense and was proposed to act by regulating neutrophil recruitment to the oral mucosa. However, although IL-17 can promote neutrophil trafficking in some situations, we recently showed in a mouse model that this is not the case during OPC. Thus, the mechanism governing the neutrophil response to C. albicans remained to be determined. Here, we demonstrate an essential role of IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling in the recruitment of neutrophils from the circulation to the infected tissue via enhanced secretion of chemokines and increased output of neutrophils from the bone marrow. We found that IL-1α is released from keratinocytes upon invasion of C. albicans and acts on endothelial cells to induce the production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a key trigger of emergency granulopoiesis. Thereby, IL-1R signaling translates the local response to the fungus in the oral mucosa into a systemic response that critically contributes to protection from infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Altmeier
- Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Albulena Toska
- Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Sparber
- Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland
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Lennard Richard ML, Brandon D, Lou N, Sato S, Caldwell T, Nowling TK, Gilkeson G, Zhang XK. Acetylation impacts Fli-1-driven regulation of granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2322-2332. [PMID: 27431361 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fli-1 has emerged as a critical regulator of inflammatory mediators, including MCP-1, CCL5, and IL-6. The cytokine, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) regulates neutrophil precursor maturation and survival, and activates mature neutrophils. Previously, a significant decrease in neutrophil infiltration into the kidneys of Fli-1+/- lupus-prone mice was observed. In this study, a significant decrease in G-CSF protein expression was detected in stimulated murine and human endothelial cells when expression of Fli-1 was inhibited. The murine G-CSF promoter contains numerous putative Fli-1 binding sites and several regions within the proximal promoter are significantly enriched for Fli-1 binding. Transient transfection assays indicate that Fli-1 drives transcription from the G-CSF promoter and mutation of the Fli-1 DNA binding domain resulted in a 94% loss of transcriptional activation. Mutation of a known acetylation site, led to a significant increase in G-CSF promoter activation. The histone acetyltransferases p300/CBP and p300/CBP associated factor (PCAF) significantly decrease Fli-1 specific activation of the G-CSF promoter. Thus, acetylation appears to be an important mechanism behind Fli-1 driven activation of the G-CSF promoter. These results further support the theory that Fli-1 plays a major role in the regulation of several inflammatory mediators, ultimately affecting inflammatory disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara L Lennard Richard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Danielle Brandon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ning Lou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Shuzo Sato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Tomika Caldwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Tamara K Nowling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gary Gilkeson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Medical Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Xian K Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. .,Medical Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Christensen AD, Haase C, Cook AD, Hamilton JA. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) plays an important role in immune complex-mediated arthritis. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:1235-45. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201546185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne D. Christensen
- Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
- Novo Nordisk A/S; Måløv Denmark
| | | | - Andrew D. Cook
- Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - John A. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
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Patial S, Curtis AD, Lai WS, Stumpo DJ, Hill GD, Flake GP, Mannie MD, Blackshear PJ. Enhanced stability of tristetraprolin mRNA protects mice against immune-mediated inflammatory pathologies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1865-70. [PMID: 26831084 PMCID: PMC4763790 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1519906113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an inducible, tandem zinc-finger mRNA binding protein that binds to adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of specific mRNAs, such as that encoding TNF, and increases their rates of deadenylation and turnover. Stabilization of Tnf mRNA and other cytokine transcripts in TTP-deficient mice results in the development of a profound, chronic inflammatory syndrome characterized by polyarticular arthritis, dermatitis, myeloid hyperplasia, and autoimmunity. To address the hypothesis that increasing endogenous levels of TTP in an intact animal might be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, we generated a mouse model (TTPΔARE) in which a 136-base instability motif in the 3'UTR of TTP mRNA was deleted in the endogenous genetic locus. These mice appeared normal, but cultured fibroblasts and macrophages derived from them exhibited increased stability of the otherwise highly labile TTP mRNA. This resulted in increased TTP protein expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages and increased levels of TTP protein in mouse tissues. TTPΔARE mice were protected from collagen antibody-induced arthritis, exhibited significantly reduced inflammation in imiquimod-induced dermatitis, and were resistant to induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, presumably by dampening the excessive production of proinflammatory mediators in all cases. These data suggest that increased systemic levels of TTP, secondary to increased stability of its mRNA throughout the body, can be protective against inflammatory disease in certain models and might be viewed as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of human inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Patial
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Alan D Curtis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858
| | - Wi S Lai
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Deborah J Stumpo
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | | | - Gordon P Flake
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Mark D Mannie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Goldberg GL, Cornish AL, Murphy J, Pang ES, Lim LL, Campbell IK, Scalzo-Inguanti K, Chen X, McMenamin PG, Maraskovsky E, McKenzie BS, Wicks IP. G-CSF and Neutrophils Are Nonredundant Mediators of Murine Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:172-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Benesch MGK, Tang X, Dewald J, Dong WF, Mackey JR, Hemmings DG, McMullen TPW, Brindley DN. Tumor-induced inflammation in mammary adipose tissue stimulates a vicious cycle of autotaxin expression and breast cancer progression. FASEB J 2015; 29:3990-4000. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-274480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Exploring the Potential of Venom from Nasonia vitripennis as Therapeutic Agent with High-Throughput Screening Tools. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:2051-70. [PMID: 26046700 PMCID: PMC4488689 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7062051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The venom from the ectoparasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) contains at least 80 different proteins and possibly even more peptides or other small chemical compounds, demonstrating its appealing therapeutic application. To better understand the dynamics of the venom in mammalian cells, two high-throughput screening tools were performed. The venom induced pathways related to an early stress response and activated reporters that suggest the involvement of steroids. Whether these steroids reside from the venom itself or show an induced release/production caused by the venom, still remains unsolved. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β was found to be down-regulated after venom and LPS co-treatment, confirming the anti-inflammatory action of N. vitripennis venom. When analyzing the expression levels of the NF-κB target genes, potentially not only the canonical but also the alternative NF-κB pathway can be affected, possibly explaining some counterintuitive results. It is proposed that next to an NF-κB binding site, the promoter of the genes tested by the PCR array may also contain binding sites for other transcription factors, resulting in a complex puzzle to connect the induced target gene with its respective transcription factor. Interestingly, Nasonia venom altered the expression of some drug targets, presenting the venom with an exciting therapeutical potential.
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RIPK3 promotes cell death and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the absence of MLKL. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6282. [PMID: 25693118 PMCID: PMC4346630 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RIPK3 and its substrate MLKL are essential for necroptosis, a lytic cell death proposed to cause inflammation via the release of intracellular molecules. Whether and how RIPK3 might drive inflammation in a manner independent of MLKL and cell lysis remains unclear. Here we show that following LPS treatment, or LPS-induced necroptosis, the TLR adaptor protein TRIF and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs: X-linked IAP, cellular IAP1 and IAP2) regulate RIPK3 and MLKL ubiquitylation. Hence, when IAPs are absent, LPS triggers RIPK3 to activate caspase-8, promoting apoptosis and NLRP3-caspase-1 activation, independent of RIPK3 kinase activity and MLKL. In contrast, in the absence of both IAPs and caspase-8, RIPK3 kinase activity and MLKL are essential for TLR-induced NLRP3 activation. Consistent with in vitro experiments, interleukin-1 (IL-1)-dependent autoantibody-mediated arthritis is exacerbated in mice lacking IAPs, and is reduced by deletion of RIPK3, but not MLKL. Therefore RIPK3 can promote NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β inflammatory responses independent of MLKL and necroptotic cell death.
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Pabona JMP, Zhang D, Ginsburg DS, Simmen FA, Simmen RCM. Prolonged pregnancy in women is associated with attenuated myometrial expression of progesterone receptor co-regulator Krüppel-like Factor 9. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:166-74. [PMID: 25313913 PMCID: PMC4283014 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Late-term pregnancy may lead to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Mice null for the progesterone receptor co-regulator Krüppel-like Factor 9 (KLF9) exhibit delayed parturition and increased incidence of neonatal deaths. OBJECTIVE Our aim is to evaluate the contribution of myometrial KLF9 to human parturition. DESIGN Myometrial biopsies were obtained from women with term (>37 to ≤41 wk) and late-term (>41 wk) pregnancies during cesarean delivery and assessed for gene and protein expression. Human myometrial cells transfected with nontargeting or KLF9 small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were treated with the progesterone antagonist RU486 and analyzed for pro-inflammatory chemokine/cytokine gene expression. SETTING The study took place in a University-affiliated tertiary care hospital and University research laboratory. PATIENTS Term patients (n = 8) were in spontaneous active labor whereas late-term patients (n = 5) were either in or were induced to active labor, prior to elective cesarean delivery. OUTCOME MEASURES Steroid hormone receptor, contractility, and inflammation-associated gene expression in myometrial biopsies and in siKLF9-transfected, RU486-treated human myometrial cells was associated with KLF9 expression levels. RESULTS Myometrium from women with late-term pregnancy showed lower KLF9, total PGR, and PGR-A/PGR-B isoform expression. Transcript levels of select chemokines/cytokines were up- (CSF3, IL1, IL12A, TGFB2) and down- (CCL3, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL5, IL15) regulated in late-term relative to term myometrium. Knock-down of KLF9 expression in RU486-treated human myometrial cells modified the expression of PGR and labor-associated cytokines, relative to control siRNA-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS Myometrial KLF9 may contribute to the onset of human parturition through its regulation of PGR expression and inflammatory signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mark P Pabona
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics (J.M.P.P., F.A.S., R.C.M.S.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (D.Z., D.S.G.), Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, Pennsylvania 19013
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Zhu X, Xiao L, Huo R, Zhang J, Lin J, Xie J, Sun S, He Y, Sun Y, Zhou Z, Shen B, Li N. Cyr61 is involved in neutrophil infiltration in joints by inducing IL-8 production by fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 15:R187. [PMID: 24517278 PMCID: PMC3978874 DOI: 10.1186/ar4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is well known that neutrophils play very important roles in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and interleukin (IL)-8 is a critical chemokine in promoting neutrophil migration. We previously showed that increased production of Cyr61 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in RA promotes FLS proliferation and Th17 cell differentiation, thus Cyr61 is a pro-inflammatory factor in RA pathogenesis. In this study, we explored the role of Cyr61 in neutrophil migration to the joints of RA patients. Methods RA FLS were treated with Cyr61 and IL-8 expression was analyzed by real-time PCR and ELISA. The migration of neutrophils recruited by the culture supernatants was determined by the use of a chemotaxis assay. Mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were treated with anti-Cyr61 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), or IgG1 as a control. Arthritis severity was determined by visual examination of the paws and joint destruction was determined by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Signal transduction pathways in Cyr61-induced IL-8 production were investigated by real-time PCR, western blotting, confocal microscopy, luciferase reporter assay or chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Results We found that Cyr61 induced IL-8 production by RA FLS in an IL-1β and TNF-α independent pathway. Moreover, we identified that Cyr61-induced IL-8-mediated neutrophil migration in vitro. Using a CIA animal model, we found that treatment with anti-Cyr61 mAb led to a reduction in MIP-2 (a counterpart of human IL-8) expression and decrease in neutrophil infiltration, which is consistent with an attenuation of inflammation in vivo. Mechanistically, we showed that Cyr61 induced IL-8 production in FLS via AKT, JNK and ERK1/2-dependent AP-1, C/EBPβ and NF-κB signaling pathways. Conclusions Our results here reveal a novel role of Cyr61 in the pathogenesis of RA. It promotes neutrophil infiltration via up-regulation of IL-8 production in FLS. Taken together with our previous work, this study provides further evidence that Cyr61 plays a key role in the vicious cycle formed by the interaction between infiltrating neutrophils, proliferated FLS and activated Th17 cells in the development of RA.
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Liu X, Croker BA, Campbell IK, Gauci SJ, Alexander WS, Tonkin BA, Walsh NC, Linossi EM, Nicholson SE, Lawlor KE, Wicks IP. Key role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 in regulating gp130 cytokine-induced signaling and limiting chondrocyte responses during murine inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2391-402. [PMID: 24839265 DOI: 10.1002/art.38701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of the gp130 cytokine family on murine articular cartilage and to explore a potential regulatory role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3) in murine chondrocytes. METHODS In wild-type (WT) mouse chondrocytes, baseline receptor expression levels and gp130 cytokine-induced JAK/STAT signaling were determined by flow cytometry, and expression of SOCS-3 was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The role of endogenous SOCS-3 was examined in cartilage explants and chondrocytes from mice with conditional deletion of Socs3 driven by the Col2a1 promoter in vitro (Socs3(Δ/Δcol2) ) and from mice during CD4+ T cell-dependent inflammatory monarthritis. Bone erosions in the murine joints were analyzed by micro-computed tomography. RESULTS On chondrocytes from WT mice, gp130 and the oncostatin M (OSM) receptor were strongly expressed, whereas the transmembrane interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor was expressed at much lower levels. Compared to other gp130 cytokines, OSM was the most potent activator of the JAK/STAT pathway and of SOCS-3 induction. Treatment of Socs3(Δ/Δcol2) mouse cartilage explants and chondrocytes with gp130 cytokines prolonged JAK/STAT signaling, enhanced cartilage degradation, increased the expression of Adamts4, Adamts5, and RANKL, and elevated the production of IL-6, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, CXCL1, and CCL2. Socs3(Δ/Δcol2) mice developed exacerbated inflammation and joint damage in response to gp130 cytokine injections, and these histopathologic features were also observed in mice with inflammatory monarthritis. CONCLUSION The results of this study highlight a key role for SOCS-3 in regulating chondrocyte responses during inflammatory arthritis. Within the gp130 cytokine family, OSM is a potent stimulus of chondrocyte responses, while IL-6 probably signals via trans-signaling. The gp130 cytokine-driven production of RANKL in chondrocytes may link chondrocyte activation and bone remodeling during inflammatory arthritis. Thus, these findings suggest that the inhibition of OSM might reduce the development and severity of structural joint damage during inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Engdahl C, Börjesson AE, Forsman HF, Andersson A, Stubelius A, Krust A, Chambon P, Islander U, Ohlsson C, Carlsten H, Lagerquist MK. The role of total and cartilage-specific estrogen receptor alpha expression for the ameliorating effect of estrogen treatment on arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R150. [PMID: 25028072 PMCID: PMC4226038 DOI: 10.1186/ar4612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Estrogen (E2) delays onset and decreases severity of experimental arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of total estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression and cartilage-specific ERα expression in genetically modified mice for the ameliorating effect of estrogen treatment in experimental arthritis. METHODS Mice with total (total ERα-/-) or cartilage-specific (Col2α1-ERα-/-) inactivation of ERα and wild-type (WT) littermates were ovariectomized, treated with E2 or placebo, and induced with antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). At termination, knees were collected for histology, synovial and splenic cells were investigated by using flow cytometry, and splenic cells were subjected to a T-cell proliferation assay. RESULTS E2 decreased synovitis and joint destruction in WT mice. Amelioration of arthritis was associated with decreased frequencies of inflammatory cells in synovial tissue and decreased splenic T-cell proliferation. E2 did not affect synovitis or joint destruction in total ERα-/- mice. In Col2α1-ERα-/- mice, E2 protected against joint destruction to a similar extent as in WT mice. In contrast, E2 did not significantly ameliorate synovitis in Col2α1-ERα-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with E2 ameliorates both synovitis and joint destruction in ovariectomized mice with AIA via ERα. This decreased severity in arthritis is associated with decreased synovial inflammatory cell frequencies and reduced splenic T-cell proliferation. ERα expression in cartilage is not required for estrogenic amelioration of joint destruction. However, our data indicate that ERα expression in cartilage is involved in estrogenic effects on synovitis, suggesting different mechanisms for the amelioration of joint destruction and synovitis by E2.
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Christensen AD, Skov S, Haase C. The role of neutrophils and G-CSF in DNFB-induced contact hypersensitivity in mice. Immun Inflamm Dis 2014; 2:21-34. [PMID: 25400922 PMCID: PMC4220669 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are thought to play an important role during contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in mice, a notion which is supported by studies in which neutrophils are depleted by monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Here, we show that administration of the commonly used anti-mouse Ly6G/C mAb (clone RB6.8C5) leads to depletion of not only neutrophils but also a population of monocytes and macrophages. In contrast, depletion using a Ly6G-specific mAb (clone 1A8) only leads to depletion of neutrophils. We demonstrate that the anti-Ly6G/C mAb suppresses the inflammatory response to a higher extent than the anti-Ly6G mAb suggesting that the impact of neutrophil-depletion in the CHS model may have been overstated when based on protocols using the anti-Ly6G/C mAb. Still, the role of neutrophils in CHS is substantiated as we demonstrate that G-CSF is an important regulator of neutrophil mobilization and effector function in CHS. Indeed, G-CSF was detectable both in the inflamed tissue and in serum during the immune response and we show that blocking G-CSF results in a reduced number of neutrophils in the blood and an attenuation of the ear-swelling response in the tissue. In conclusion, this study supports that neutrophils are important drivers of inflammation in the DNFB-induced CHS model and shows that G-CSF is a significant factor in mobilizing neutrophils during the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Deen Christensen
- Department of Immunopharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/SNovo Nordisk Park, Måløv, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of CopenhagenStigbøjlen 7, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Søren Skov
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of CopenhagenStigbøjlen 7, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Claus Haase
- Department of Immunopharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/SNovo Nordisk Park, Måløv, Denmark
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Burberry A, Zeng MY, Ding L, Wicks I, Inohara N, Morrison SJ, Núñez G. Infection mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells through cooperative NOD-like receptor and Toll-like receptor signaling. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 15:779-91. [PMID: 24882704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained in specialized niches within the bone marrow under steady-state conditions and mobilize for extramedullary hematopoiesis during periods of stress such as bacterial infections. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We show that systemic infection of mice with Escherichia coli, commonly associated with bacteremia in humans, mobilizes functional HSCs to the spleen. Accumulation of splenic HSCs (CD150+CD48-Lin(-/low)Sca1+cKit+) was diminished in TLR4-deficient and RIPK2-deficient mice, implicating TLRs and cytosolic NOD1/NOD2 signaling in the process. Accordingly, dual stimulation of NOD1 and TLR4 in radio-resistant cells alone was sufficient to mobilize HSCs, while TLR4 expression on HSCs was dispensable. Mechanistically, TLR4 and NOD1 synergistically induced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which was required for extramedullary HSC accumulation. Mobilized HSCs and progenitor cells gave rise to neutrophils and monocytes and contributed to limiting secondary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Burberry
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Melody Y Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168 Street, P & S, 7-513, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ian Wicks
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Naohiro Inohara
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Sakai T, Hatano Y, Abe I, Ishii K, Fujiwara S. A case of an SLE patient with febrile neutropenia who experienced exacerbation of cutaneous manifestations after the administration of G-CSF. Mod Rheumatol 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-012-0740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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