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Rahaman H, Herojit K, Singh LR, Haobam R, Fisher AB. Structural and Functional Diversity of the Peroxiredoxin 6 Enzyme Family. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:759-775. [PMID: 37463006 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Peroxiredoxins (Prdxs) with a single peroxidative cysteine (CP) in a conserved motif PXXX(T/S)XXCP within its thioredoxin fold, have been classified as the peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6 ) family. All Prdxs can reduce H2O2 and short chain hydroperoxides while Prdx6 in addition, can reduce phospholipid hydroperoxides (PLOOH) due to its ability to interact with peroxidized phospholipid substrate. The single CP of Prdx6 uses various external electron donors including glutathione thioredoxin, and ascorbic acid for resolution of its peroxidized state and, therefore, its peroxidase activity. Prdx6 proteins also exhibit Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 (PLA2), lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT), and chaperone activities that depend on cellular localization and the oxidation and oligomerisation states of the protein. Thus, Prdx6 is a "moonlighting" enzyme. Recent Advance: Physiologically, Prdx6s have been reported to play an important role in protection against oxidative stress, repair of peroxidized cell membranes, mammalian lung surfactant turnover, activation of some NADPH oxidases, the regulation of seed germination in plants, as an indicator of cellular levels of reactive O2 species through Nrf-Klf9 activation, and possibly in male fertility, regulation of cell death through ferroptosis, cancer metastasis, and oxidative stress-related signalling pathways. Critical Issues: This review outlines Prdx6 enzyme unique structural features and explores its wide range of physiological functions. Yet, existing structural data falls short of fully revealing all of human Prdx6 multifunctional roles. Further endeavour is required to bridge this gap in its understanding. Although there are wide variations in both the structure and function of Prdx6 family members in various organisms, all Prdx6 proteins show the unique a long C-terminal extension that is also seen in Prdx1, but not in other Prdxs. Future Directions: As research data continues to accumulate, the potential for detailed insights into the role of C-terminal of Prdx6 in its oligomerisation and activities. There is a need for thorough exploration of structural characteristics of the various biological functions. Additionally, uncovering the interacting partners of Prdx6 and understanding its involvement in signalling pathways will significantly contribute to a more profound comprehension of its role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidur Rahaman
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Imphal, India
| | - Khundrakpam Herojit
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Imphal, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Mangolnganbi College, Ningthoukhong, India
| | | | - Reena Haobam
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Imphal, India
| | - Aron B Fisher
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Wu S, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wei F, Zhou Q, Li P, Gu Q. Reactive oxygen species and gastric carcinogenesis: The complex interaction between Helicobacter pylori and host. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e13024. [PMID: 37798959 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a highly successful human pathogen that colonizes stomach in around 50% of the global population. The colonization of bacterium induces an inflammatory response and a substantial rise in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), mostly derived from host neutrophils and gastric epithelial cells, which play a crucial role in combating bacterial infections. However, H. pylori has developed various strategies to quench the deleterious effects of ROS, including the production of antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant proteins as well as blocking the generation of oxidants. The host's inability to eliminate H. pylori infection results in persistent ROS production. Notably, excessive ROS can disrupt the intracellular signal transduction and biological processes of the host, incurring chronic inflammation and cellular damage, such as DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. Markedly, the sustained inflammatory response and oxidative stress during H. pylori infection are major risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis. In this context, we summarize the literature on H. pylori infection-induced ROS production, the strategies used by H. pylori to counteract the host response, and subsequent host damage and gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Wu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangtong Wei
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Siebieszuk A, Sejbuk M, Witkowska AM. Studying the Human Microbiota: Advances in Understanding the Fundamentals, Origin, and Evolution of Biological Timekeeping. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16169. [PMID: 38003359 PMCID: PMC10671191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently observed circadian oscillations of the intestinal microbiota underscore the profound nature of the human-microbiome relationship and its importance for health. Together with the discovery of circadian clocks in non-photosynthetic gut bacteria and circadian rhythms in anucleated cells, these findings have indicated the possibility that virtually all microorganisms may possess functional biological clocks. However, they have also raised many essential questions concerning the fundamentals of biological timekeeping, its evolution, and its origin. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent literature in molecular chronobiology, aiming to bring together the latest evidence on the structure and mechanisms driving microbial biological clocks while pointing to potential applications of this knowledge in medicine. Moreover, it discusses the latest hypotheses regarding the evolution of timing mechanisms and describes the functions of peroxiredoxins in cells and their contribution to the cellular clockwork. The diversity of biological clocks among various human-associated microorganisms and the role of transcriptional and post-translational timekeeping mechanisms are also addressed. Finally, recent evidence on metabolic oscillators and host-microbiome communication is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Siebieszuk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Monika Sejbuk
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Białystok, Poland;
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Padilla P, Estévez M, Andrade MJ, Peña FJ, Delgado J. Proteomics reveal the protective effects of chlorogenic acid on Enterococcus faecium Q233 in a simulated pro-oxidant colonic environment. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111464. [PMID: 35761697 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Certain phytochemicals have been found to promote the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria although the molecular mechanisms of such interactions are poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the exposure to 0.5 mM chlorogenic acid (CA) on the redox status and proteome of Enterococcus faecium isolated from cheese and challenged with 2.5 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The bacterium was incubated in anaerobic conditions for 48 h at 37 °C. CA exposure led to a more intense oxidative stress and accretion of bacterial protein carbonyls than those induced by H2O2. The oxidative damage to bacterial proteins was even more severe in the bacterium treated with both CA and H2O2, yet, such combination led to a strengthening of the antioxidant defenses, namely, a catalase-like activity. The proteomic study indicated that H2O2 caused a decrease in energy supply and the bacterium responded by reinforcing the membrane and wall structures and counteracting the redox and pH imbalance. CA stimulated the accretion of proteins related to translation and transcription regulators, and hydrolases. This phytochemical was able to counteract certain proteomic changes induced by H2O2 (i.e. increase of ATP binding cassete (ABC) transporter complex) and cause the increase of Rex, a redox-sensitive protein implicated in controlling metabolism and responses to oxidative stress. Although this protection should be confirmed under in vivo conditions, such effects point to benefits in animals or humans affected by disorders in which oxidative stress plays a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Padilla
- Food Technology and Quality (TECAL), Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain; Food Hygiene and Safety (HISEALI), Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - M Estévez
- Food Technology and Quality (TECAL), Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - M J Andrade
- Food Hygiene and Safety (HISEALI), Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - F J Peña
- Spermatology Laboratory, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J Delgado
- Food Hygiene and Safety (HISEALI), Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Tairum CA, Santos MC, Breyer CA, de Oliveira ALP, Cabrera VIM, Toledo-Silva G, Mori GM, Toyama MH, Netto LES, de Oliveira MA. Effects of Serine or Threonine in the Active Site of Typical 2-Cys Prx on Hyperoxidation Susceptibility and on Chaperone Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1032. [PMID: 34202406 PMCID: PMC8300647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prx) are ubiquitous Cys-based peroxidases, which are stable as decamers in the reduced state, and may dissociate into dimers upon disulfide bond formation. A peroxidatic Cys (CP) takes part of a catalytic triad, together with a Thr/Ser and an Arg. Previously, we described that the presence of Ser (instead of Thr) in the active site stabilizes yeast 2-Cys Prx as decamers. Here, we compared the hyperoxidation susceptibilities of yeast 2-Cys Prx. Notably, 2-Cys Prx containing Ser (named here Ser-Prx) were more resistant to hyperoxidation than enzymes containing Thr (Thr-Prx). In silico analysis revealed that Thr-Prx are more frequent in all domains of life, while Ser-Prx are more abundant in bacteria. As yeast 2-Cys Prx, bacterial Ser-Prx are more stable as decamers than Thr-Prx. However, bacterial Ser-Prx were only slightly more resistant to hyperoxidation than Thr-Prx. Furthermore, in all cases, organic hydroperoxide inhibited more the peroxidase activities of 2-Cys Prx than hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, bacterial Ser-Prx displayed increased thermal resistance and chaperone activity, which may be related with its enhanced stability as decamers compared to Thr-Prx. Therefore, the single substitution of Thr by Ser in the catalytic triad results in profound biochemical and structural differences in 2-Cys Prx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Tairum
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Melina Cardoso Santos
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Carlos Alexandre Breyer
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Ana Laura Pires de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Vitoria Isabela Montanhero Cabrera
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Guilherme Toledo-Silva
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Contaminação Aquática e Imunoquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Maruyama Mori
- Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil;
| | - Marcos Hikari Toyama
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Soares Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
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Troussicot L, Burmann BM, Molin M. Structural determinants of multimerization and dissociation in 2-Cys peroxiredoxin chaperone function. Structure 2021; 29:640-654. [PMID: 33945778 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are abundant peroxidases present in all kingdoms of life. Recently, they have been shown to also carry out additional roles as molecular chaperones. To address this emerging supplementary function, this review focuses on structural studies of 2-Cys PRDX systems exhibiting chaperone activity. We provide a detailed understanding of the current knowledge of structural determinants underlying the chaperone function of PRDXs. Specifically, we describe the mechanisms which may modulate their quaternary structure to facilitate interactions with client proteins and how they are coordinated with the functions of other molecular chaperones. Following an overview of PRDX molecular architecture, we outline structural details of the presently best-characterized peroxiredoxins exhibiting chaperone function and highlight common denominators. Finally, we discuss the remarkable structural similarities between 2-Cys PRDXs, small HSPs, and J-domain-independent Hsp40 holdases in terms of their functions and dynamic equilibria between low- and high-molecular-weight oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Troussicot
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Björn M Burmann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Molin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Bonavita R, Laukkanen MO. Common Signal Transduction Molecules Activated by Bacterial Entry into a Host Cell and by Reactive Oxygen Species. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:486-503. [PMID: 32600071 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significance: An increasing number of pathogens are acquiring resistance to antibiotics. Efficient antimicrobial drug regimens are important even for the most advanced therapies, which range from cutting-edge invasive clinical protocols, such as robotic surgeries, to the treatment of harmless bacterial diseases and to minor scratches to the skin. Therefore, there is an urgent need to survey alternative antimicrobial drugs that can reinforce or replace existing antibiotics. Recent Advances: Bacterial proteins that are critical for energy metabolism, promising novel anticancer thiourea derivatives, and the use of synthetic molecules that increase the sensitivity of currently used antibiotics are among the recently discovered antimicrobial drugs. Critical Issues: In the development of new drugs, serious consideration should be given to the previous bacterial evolutionary selection caused by antibiotics, by the high proliferation rate of bacteria, and by the simple prokaryotic structure of bacteria. Future Directions: The survey of drug targets has mainly focused on bacterial proteins, although host signaling molecules involved in the treatment of various pathologies may have unknown antimicrobial characteristics. Recent data have suggested that small molecule inhibitors might enhance the effect of antibiotics, for example, by limiting bacterial entry into host cells. Phagocytosis, the mechanism by which host cells internalize pathogens through β-actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, induces calcium signaling, small GTPase activation, and phosphorylation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-serine/threonine-specific protein kinase B pathway. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 486-503.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bonavita
- Experimental Institute of Endocrinology and Oncology G. Salvatore, IEOS CNR, Naples, Italy
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8
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Chaput G, Billings AF, DeDiego L, Orellana R, Adkins JN, Nicora CD, Kim YM, Chu R, Simmons B, DeAngelis KM. Lignin induced iron reduction by novel sp., Tolumonas lignolytic BRL6-1. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233823. [PMID: 32941430 PMCID: PMC7497984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin is the second most abundant carbon polymer on earth and despite having more fuel value than cellulose, it currently is considered a waste byproduct in many industrial lignocellulose applications. Valorization of lignin relies on effective and green methods of de-lignification, with a growing interest in the use of microbes. Here we investigate the physiology and molecular response of the novel facultative anaerobic bacterium, Tolumonas lignolytica BRL6-1, to lignin under anoxic conditions. Physiological and biochemical changes were compared between cells grown anaerobically in either lignin-amended or unamended conditions. In the presence of lignin, BRL6-1 accumulates higher biomass and has a shorter lag phase compared to unamended conditions, and 14% of the proteins determined to be significantly higher in abundance by log2 fold-change of 2 or greater were related to Fe(II) transport in late logarithmic phase. Ferrozine assays of the supernatant confirmed that Fe(III) was bound to lignin and reduced to Fe(II) only in the presence of BRL6-1, suggesting redox activity by the cells. LC-MS/MS analysis of the secretome showed an extra band at 20 kDa in lignin-amended conditions. Protein sequencing of this band identified a protein of unknown function with homology to enzymes in the radical SAM superfamily. Expression of this protein in lignin-amended conditions suggests its role in radical formation. From our findings, we suggest that BRL6-1 is using a protein in the radical SAM superfamily to interact with the Fe(III) bound to lignin and reducing it to Fe(II) for cellular use, increasing BRL6-1 yield under lignin-amended conditions. This interaction potentially generates organic free radicals and causes a radical cascade which could modify and depolymerize lignin. Further research should clarify the extent to which this mechanism is similar to previously described aerobic chelator-mediated Fenton chemistry or radical producing lignolytic enzymes, such as lignin peroxidases, but under anoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Chaput
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Andrew F. Billings
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Lani DeDiego
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Roberto Orellana
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Joshua N. Adkins
- Biological Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Carrie D. Nicora
- Biological Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Biological Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Rosalie Chu
- Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Blake Simmons
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Kristen M. DeAngelis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
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Hong SH, Singh S, Tripathi BN, Mondal S, Lee S, Jung HS, Cho C, Kaur S, Kim JH, Lee S, Bai HW, Bae HJ, Lee SY, Lee SS, Chung BY. Functional properties and the oligomeric state of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit F (AhpF) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PROTOPLASMA 2020; 257:807-817. [PMID: 31909437 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit F (AhpF) is a well-known flavoprotein that transfers electrons from pyridine nucleotides to the peroxidase protein AhpC via redox-active disulfide centers to detoxify hydrogen peroxide. However, study of AhpF has historically been limited to particular eubacteria, and the connection between the functional and structural properties of AhpF remains unknown. The present study demonstrates the dual function of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AhpF (PaAhpF) as a reductase and a molecular chaperone. It was observed that the functions of PaAhpF are closely linked with its structural status. The reductase and foldase chaperone function of PaAhpF predominated for its low-molecular-weight (LMW) form, whereas the holdase chaperone function of PaAhpF was found associated with its high-molecular-weight (HMW) complex. Further, the present study also demonstrates the multiple function of PaAhpF in controlling oxidative and heat stresses in P. aeruginosa resistance to oxidative and heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484887, India
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Chuloh Cho
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
| | - Shubhpreet Kaur
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
| | - Sungbeom Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea.
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea.
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Aljannat MAK, Oldfield NJ, Albasri HM, Dorrington LKG, Ohri RL, Wooldridge KG, Turner DPJ. The moonlighting peroxiredoxin-glutaredoxin in Neisseria meningitidis binds plasminogen via a C-terminal lysine residue and contributes to survival in a whole blood model. Microb Pathog 2019; 139:103890. [PMID: 31765768 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis is a human-restricted bacterium that can invade the bloodstream and cross the blood-brain barrier resulting in life-threatening sepsis and meningitis. Meningococci express a cytoplasmic peroxiredoxin-glutaredoxin (Prx5-Grx) hybrid protein that has also been identified on the bacterial surface. Here, recombinant Prx5-Grx was confirmed as a plasminogen (Plg)-binding protein, in an interaction which could be inhibited by the lysine analogue ε-aminocapronic acid. rPrx5-Grx derivatives bearing a substituted C-terminal lysine residue (rPrx5-GrxK244A), but not the active site cysteine residue (rPrx5-GrxC185A) or the sub-terminal rPrx5-GrxK230A lysine residue, exhibited significantly reduced Plg-binding. The absence of Prx5-Grx did not significantly reduce the ability of whole meningococcal cells to bind Plg, but under hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidative stress, the N. meningitidis Δpxn5-grx mutant survived significantly better than the wild-type or complemented strains. Significantly, using human whole blood as a model of meningococcal bacteremia, it was found that the N. meningitidis Δpxn5-grx mutant had a survival defect compared with the parental or complemented strain, confirming an important role for Prx5-Grx in meningococcal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahab A K Aljannat
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Neil J Oldfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Hibah M Albasri
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Radhica L Ohri
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Karl G Wooldridge
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David P J Turner
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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11
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Kaur S, Srivastava A, Kumar S, Srivastava V, Ahluwalia AS, Mishra Y. Biochemical and proteomic analysis reveals oxidative stress tolerance strategies of Scenedesmus abundans against allelochemicals released by Microcystis aeruginosa. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Debnath A, Mizuno T, Miyoshi SI. Comparative proteomic analysis to characterize temperature-induced viable but non-culturable and resuscitation states in Vibrio cholerae. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2019; 165:737-746. [PMID: 31124781 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae can survive environmental adversities by entering into a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state and is able to resuscitate under favourable conditions. In this study, an environmental strain of V. cholerae (AN59) showed a decrease in culturability from 4×107 to ≤ 3 c.f.u. ml -1 in artificial seawater media at 4 °C within 35 days. During the course of VBNC progression, viability was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR which showed reduced but stable expression of molecular chaperones groEL and dnaK. Resuscitation was induced in VBNC microcosm by a temperature increase from 4 to 37 °C for 24 h. The results obtained from resuscitation and growth experiments suggest that 103-104 c.f.u. ml -1 of VBNC cells should recover upon temperature increase and grow to attain 107 c.f.u. ml -1. We used comparative proteomics to differentiate recovery from the VBNC state and selected 19 proteins whose expression was significantly variable between these two states. These proteins were mainly related to carbohydrate metabolism, phosphate utilization, stress response, transport and translation. The main difference in the proteome profile was higher protein expression in the recovery state compared to VBNC state. However, during recovery Pi-starvation led to expression of PhoX, PstB and Xds, which might help in utilization of extracellular DNA to promote growth after resuscitation. In addition, the expression of EctC suggests that osmotic adaptation is necessary to grow at high salinity. Detection of AhpC in the VBNC and recovery state indicates the significance of the oxidative stress response. A temperature-induced VBNC and recovery state is a combination of adaptive and survival responses under nutrient limitation.
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13
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Cho C, Lee GW, Hong SH, Kaur S, Jung KW, Jung JH, Lim S, Chung BY, Lee SS. Novel functions of peroxiredoxin Q from Deinococcus radiodurans R1 as a peroxidase and a molecular chaperone. FEBS Lett 2018; 593:219-229. [PMID: 30488429 PMCID: PMC6590489 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Deinococcus radiodurans R1 is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation and oxidative stress. In this study, we characterized DR0846, a candidate peroxiredoxin in D. radiodurans. DR0846 is a peroxiredoxin Q containing two conserved cysteine residues. DR0846 exists mainly in monomeric form with an intramolecular disulfide bond between the two cysteine residues. We found that DR0846 functions as a molecular chaperone as well as a peroxidase. A mutational analysis indicates that the two cysteine residues are essential for enzymatic activity. A double‐deletion mutant lacking DR0846 and catalase DR1998 exhibits decreased oxidative and heat shock stress tolerance with respect to the single mutants or the wild‐type cells. These results suggest that DR0846 contributes to resistance against oxidative and heat stresses in D. radiodurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuloh Cho
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | | | - Sung H Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Shubhpreet Kaur
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Kwang-Woo Jung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Jung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea.,Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sangyong Lim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea.,Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea.,Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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14
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Molecular mechanism of the Escherichia coli AhpC in the function of a chaperone under heat-shock conditions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14151. [PMID: 30237544 PMCID: PMC6147784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are ubiquitous antioxidants utilizing a reactive cysteine for peroxide reduction and acting as a molecular chaperone under various stress conditions. Besides other stimulating factors, oxidative- and heat stress conditions trigger their ATP-independent chaperoning function. So far, many studies were intended to reveal the chaperoning mechanisms of the so-called sensitive Prxs of eukaryotes, which are susceptible to inactivation by over-oxidation of its reactive cysteine during H2O2 reduction. In contrast, the chaperone mechanisms of bacterial Prxs, which are mostly robust against inactivation by over-oxidation, are not well understood. Herein, comprehensive biochemical and biophysical studies demonstrate that the Escherichia coli alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C (EcAhpC) acquires chaperone activity under heat stress. Interestingly, their chaperoning activity is independent of its redox-states but is regulated in a temperature-dependent manner. Data are presented, showing that oxidized EcAhpC, which forms dimers at 25 °C, self-assembled into high molecular weight (HMW) oligomers at higher temperatures and supressed aggregation of client proteins at heat-shock conditions. In addition, we unravelled the essential role of the C-terminal tail of EcAhpC on heat-induced HMW oligomer formation and chaperoning activity. Our findings suggest a novel molecular mechanism for bacterial Prxs to function as chaperone at heat-shock conditions.
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15
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Feld K, Geissel F, Liedgens L, Schumann R, Specht S, Deponte M. Tyrosine substitution of a conserved active-site histidine residue activates Plasmodium falciparum peroxiredoxin 6. Protein Sci 2018; 28:100-110. [PMID: 30056630 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins efficiently remove hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite in pro- and eukaryotes. However, isoforms of one subfamily of peroxiredoxins, the so-called Prx6-type enzymes, usually have very low activities in standard peroxidase assays in vitro. In contrast to other peroxiredoxins, Prx6 homologues share a conserved histidyl residue at the bottom of the active site. Here we addressed the role of this histidyl residue for redox catalysis using the Plasmodium falciparum homologue PfPrx6 as a model enzyme. Steady-state kinetics with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) revealed that the histidyl residue is nonessential for Prx6 catalysis and that a replacement with tyrosine can even increase the enzyme activity four- to six-fold in vitro. Stopped-flow kinetics with reduced PfPrx6WT , PfPrx6C128A , and PfPrx6H39Y revealed a preference for H2 O2 as an oxidant with second order rate constants for H2 O2 and tBuOOH around 2.5 × 107 M-1 s-1 and 3 × 106 M-1 s-1 , respectively. Differences between the oxidation kinetics of PfPrx6WT , PfPrx6C128A , and PfPrx6H39Y were observed during a slower second-reaction phase. Our kinetic data support the interpretation that the reductive half-reaction is the rate-limiting step for PfPrx6 catalysis in steady-state measurements. Whether the increased activity of PfPrx6H39Y is caused by a facilitated enzyme reduction because of a destabilization of the fully folded enzyme conformation remains to be analyzed. In summary, the conserved histidyl residue of Prx6-type enzymes is non-essential for catalysis, PfPrx6 is rapidly oxidized by hydroperoxides, and the gain-of-function mutant PfPrx6H39Y might provide a valuable tool to address the influence of conformational changes on the reactivity of Prx6 homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Feld
- Department of Parasitology, Ruprecht-Karls University, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Geissel
- Faculty of Chemistry/Biochemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Linda Liedgens
- Department of Parasitology, Ruprecht-Karls University, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry/Biochemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Robin Schumann
- Faculty of Chemistry/Biochemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sandra Specht
- Department of Parasitology, Ruprecht-Karls University, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry/Biochemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marcel Deponte
- Department of Parasitology, Ruprecht-Karls University, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry/Biochemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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16
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Detienne G, De Haes W, Mergan L, Edwards SL, Temmerman L, Van Bael S. Beyond ROS clearance: Peroxiredoxins in stress signaling and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 44:33-48. [PMID: 29580920 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants were long predicted to have lifespan-promoting effects, but in general this prediction has not been well supported. While some antioxidants do seem to have a clear effect on longevity, this may not be primarily as a result of their role in the removal of reactive oxygen species, but rather mediated by other mechanisms such as the modulation of intracellular signaling. In this review we discuss peroxiredoxins, a class of proteinaceous antioxidants with redox signaling and chaperone functions, and their involvement in regulating longevity and stress resistance. Peroxiredoxins have a clear role in the regulation of lifespan and survival of many model organisms, including the mouse, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Recent research on peroxiredoxins - in these models and beyond - has revealed surprising new insights regarding the interplay between peroxiredoxins and longevity signaling, which will be discussed here in detail. As redox signaling is emerging as a potentially important player in the regulation of longevity and aging, increased knowledge of these fascinating antioxidants and their mode(s) of action is paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giel Detienne
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Wouter De Haes
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lucas Mergan
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Samantha L Edwards
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Liesbet Temmerman
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sven Van Bael
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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17
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Veal EA, Underwood ZE, Tomalin LE, Morgan BA, Pillay CS. Hyperoxidation of Peroxiredoxins: Gain or Loss of Function? Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:574-590. [PMID: 28762774 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE In 2003, structural studies revealed that eukaryotic 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (Prx) have evolved to be sensitive to inactivation of their thioredoxin peroxidase activity by hyperoxidation (sulfinylation) of their peroxide-reacting catalytic cysteine. This was accompanied by the unexpected discovery, that the sulfinylation of this cysteine was reversible in vivo and the identification of a new enzyme, sulfiredoxin, that had apparently co-evolved specifically to reduce hyperoxidized 2-Cys Prx, restoring their peroxidase activity. Together, these findings have provided the impetus for multiple studies investigating the purpose of this reversible, Prx hyperoxidation. Recent Advances: It has been suggested that inhibition of the thioredoxin peroxidase activity by hyperoxidation can both promote and inhibit peroxide signal transduction, depending on the context. Prx hyperoxidation has also been proposed to protect cells against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage, by preserving reduced thioredoxin and/or by increasing non-peroxidase chaperone or signaling activities of Prx. CRITICAL ISSUES Here, we will review the evidence in support of each of these proposed functions, in view of the in vivo contexts in which Prx hyperoxidation occurs, and the role of sulfiredoxin. Thus, we will attempt to explain the basis for seemingly contradictory roles for Prx hyperoxidation in redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We provide a rationale, based on modeling and experimental studies, for why Prx hyperoxidation should be considered a suitable, early biomarker for damaging levels of ROS. We discuss the implications that this has for the role of Prx in aging and the detection of hyperoxidized Prx as a conserved feature of circadian rhythms. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 574-590.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Veal
- 1 Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom .,2 Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe E Underwood
- 1 Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom .,2 Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis E Tomalin
- 1 Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom .,2 Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Brian A Morgan
- 1 Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ché S Pillay
- 3 School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermartizburg, South Africa
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18
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Lee ES, Kang CH, Park JH, Lee SY. Physiological Significance of Plant Peroxiredoxins and the Structure-Related and Multifunctional Biochemistry of Peroxiredoxin 1. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:625-639. [PMID: 29113450 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Sessile plants respond to oxidative stress caused by internal and external stimuli by producing diverse forms of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant molecules. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) in plants, including the Prx1, Prx5, Prx6, and PrxQ isoforms, constitute a family of antioxidant enzymes and play important functions in cells. Each Prx localizes to a specific subcellular compartment and has a distinct function in the control of plant growth, development, cellular metabolism, and various aspects of defense signaling. Recent Advances: Prx1, a typical Prx in plant chloroplasts, has redox-dependent multiple functions. It acts as a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-catalyzing peroxidase, a molecular chaperone, and a biological circadian marker. Prx1 undergoes a functional switching from a peroxidase to a molecular chaperone in response to oxidative stress, concomitant with the structural changes from a low-molecular-weight species to high-molecular-weight complexes mediated by the post-translational modification of its active site Cys residues. The redox status of the protein oscillates diurnally between hyperoxidation and reduction, showing a circadian rhythmic output. These dynamic structural and functional transformations mediate the effect of plant Prx1 on protecting plants from a myriad of harsh environmental stresses. CRITICAL ISSUES The multifunctional diversity of plant Prxs and their roles in cellular defense signaling depends on their specific interaction partners, which remain largely unidentified. Therefore, the identification of Prx-interacting proteins is necessary to clarify their physiological significance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Since the functional specificity of the four plant Prx isoforms remains unclear, future studies should focus on investigating the physiological importance of each Prx isotype. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 625-639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seon Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program) and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program) and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju, Korea
| | - Joung Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program) and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju, Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program) and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju, Korea
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19
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Haruyama T, Uchihashi T, Yamada Y, Kodera N, Ando T, Konno H. Negatively Charged Lipids Are Essential for Functional and Structural Switch of Human 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin II. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:602-610. [PMID: 29309753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The function of ubiquitous 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (Prxs) can be converted alternatively from peroxidases to molecular chaperones. This conversion has been reported to occur by the formation of high-molecular-weight (HMW) complexes upon overoxidation of or ATP/ADP binding to 2-Cys Prxs, but its mechanism is not well understood. Here, we show that upon binding to phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylglycerol dimeric human 2-Cys PrxII (hPrxII) is assembled to trefoil-shaped small oligomers (possibly hexamers) with full chaperone and null peroxidase activities. Spherical HMW complexes are formed, only when phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylglycerol is bound to overoxidized or ATP/ADP-bound hPrxII. The spherical HMW complexes are lipid vesicles covered with trefoil-shaped oligomers arranged in a hexagonal lattice pattern. Thus, these lipids with a net negative charge, which can be supplied by increased membrane trafficking under oxidative stress, are essential for the structural and functional switch of hPrxII and possibly most 2-Cys Prxs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Haruyama
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Department of Physics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yutaro Yamada
- Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Konno
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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20
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Mishra Y, Hall M, Locmelis R, Nam K, Söderberg CAG, Storm P, Chaurasia N, Rai LC, Jansson S, Schröder WP, Sauer UH. Active-site plasticity revealed in the asymmetric dimer of AnPrx6 the 1-Cys peroxiredoxin and molecular chaperone from Anabaena sp. PCC 7210. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17151. [PMID: 29215017 PMCID: PMC5719442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are vital regulators of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in all living organisms. Their activity depends on one or two catalytically active cysteine residues, the peroxidatic Cys (CP) and, if present, the resolving Cys (CR). A detailed catalytic cycle has been derived for typical 2-Cys Prxs, however, little is known about the catalytic cycle of 1-Cys Prxs. We have characterized Prx6 from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC7120 (AnPrx6) and found that in addition to the expected peroxidase activity, AnPrx6 can act as a molecular chaperone in its dimeric state, contrary to other Prxs. The AnPrx6 crystal structure at 2.3 Å resolution reveals different active site conformations in each monomer of the asymmetric obligate homo-dimer. Molecular dynamic simulations support the observed structural plasticity. A FSH motif, conserved in 1-Cys Prxs, precedes the active site PxxxTxxCp signature and might contribute to the 1-Cys Prx reaction cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Michael Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Roland Locmelis
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kwangho Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Computational Life-Science Cluster, CLiC, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019-0065, USA
| | | | - Patrik Storm
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Neha Chaurasia
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Lal Chand Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Stefan Jansson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang P Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Uwe H Sauer
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden. .,Computational Life-Science Cluster, CLiC, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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21
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Morais MAB, Giuseppe PO, Souza TACB, Castro H, Honorato RV, Oliveira PSL, Netto LES, Tomas AM, Murakami MT. Calcium and magnesium ions modulate the oligomeric state and function of mitochondrial 2-Cys peroxiredoxins in Leishmania parasites. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:7023-7039. [PMID: 28292930 PMCID: PMC5409470 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania parasites have evolved a number of strategies to cope with the harsh environmental changes during mammalian infection. One of these mechanisms involves the functional gain that allows mitochondrial 2-Cys peroxiredoxins to act as molecular chaperones when forming decamers. This function is critical for parasite infectivity in mammals, and its activation has been considered to be controlled exclusively by the enzyme redox state under physiological conditions. Herein, we have revealed that magnesium and calcium ions play a major role in modulating the ability of these enzymes to act as molecular chaperones, surpassing the redox effect. These ions are directly involved in mitochondrial metabolism and participate in a novel mechanism to stabilize the decameric form of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins in Leishmania mitochondria. Moreover, we have demonstrated that a constitutively dimeric Prx1m mutant impairs the survival of Leishmania under heat stress, supporting the central role of the chaperone function of Prx1m for Leishmania parasites during the transition from insect to mammalian hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A B Morais
- From the Biosciences National Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, 13083-100 Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila O Giuseppe
- From the Biosciences National Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, 13083-100 Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana A C B Souza
- the Proteomics and Protein Engineering Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 2135, 81310-020 Curitiba/PR, Brazil
| | - Helena Castro
- the i3S-Institute for Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo V Honorato
- From the Biosciences National Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, 13083-100 Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo S L Oliveira
- From the Biosciences National Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, 13083-100 Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Luis E S Netto
- the Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of the State of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 14, 05508-090 São Paulo/SP, Brazil, and
| | - Ana M Tomas
- the i3S-Institute for Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- the Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mario T Murakami
- From the Biosciences National Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, 13083-100 Campinas/SP, Brazil,
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22
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Gobert AP, Wilson KT. Polyamine- and NADPH-dependent generation of ROS during Helicobacter pylori infection: A blessing in disguise. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 105:16-27. [PMID: 27682363 PMCID: PMC5366100 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that specifically colonizes the gastric ecological niche. During the infectious process, which results in diseases ranging from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer, the host response is characterized by the activation of the innate immunity of gastric epithelial cells and macrophages. These cells thus produce effector molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) to counteract the infection. The generation of ROS in response to H. pylori involves two canonical pathways: 1) the NADPH-dependent reduction of molecular oxygen to generate O2•-, which can dismute to generate ROS; and 2) the back-conversion of the polyamine spermine into spermidine through the enzyme spermine oxidase, leading to H2O2 production. Although these products have the potential to affect the survival of bacteria, H. pylori has acquired numerous strategies to counteract their deleterious effects. Nonetheless, ROS-mediated oxidative DNA damage and mutations may participate in the adaptation of H. pylori to its ecological niche. Lastly, ROS have been shown to play a major role in the development of the inflammation and carcinogenesis. It is the purpose of this review to summarize the literature about the production of ROS during H. pylori infection and their role in this infectious gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain P Gobert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, United States; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, United States
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, United States; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, United States; Department of Cancer Biology, United States; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, United States; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, United States.
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23
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Chang YY, Cheng T, Yang X, Jin L, Sun H, Li H. Functional disruption of peroxiredoxin by bismuth antiulcer drugs attenuates Helicobacter pylori survival. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:673-683. [PMID: 28361362 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth drugs have been used clinically to treat infections from Helicobacter pylori, a pathogen that is strongly related to gastrointestinal diseases even stomach cancer. Despite extensive studies, the mechanisms of action of bismuth drugs are not fully understood. Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C (AhpC) is the most abundant 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin, crucial for H. pylori survival in the host by defense of oxidative stress. Herein we show that a Bi(III) antiulcer drug (CBS) binds to the highly conserved cysteine residues (Cys49 and Cys169) with a dissociation constant (K d) of Bi(III) to AhpC of 3.0 (±1.0) × 10-24 M. Significantly the interaction of CBS with AhpC disrupts the peroxiredoxin and chaperone activities of the enzyme both in vitro and in bacterial cells, leading to attenuated bacterial survival. Moreover, using a home-made fluorescent probe, we demonstrate that Bi(III) also perturbs AhpC relocation between the cytoplasm and membrane region in decomposing the exogenous ROS. Our study suggests that disruption of redox homeostasis by bismuth drugs via interaction with key enzymes such as AhpC contributes to their antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen-Yan Chang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.,Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Si M, Wang T, Pan J, Lin J, Chen C, Wei Y, Lu Z, Wei G, Shen X. Graded Response of the Multifunctional 2-Cysteine Peroxiredoxin, CgPrx, to Increasing Levels of Hydrogen Peroxide in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:1-14. [PMID: 27324811 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Eukaryotic typical 2-cysteine (Cys) peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are multifunctional proteins subjected to complex regulation and play important roles in oxidative stress resistance, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling modulation, aging, and cancer, but the information on the biochemical functions and regulation mechanisms of prokaryotic atypical 2-Cys Prxs is largely lacking. RESULTS In this study, we show that at low peroxide concentrations, the atypical 2-Cys Prx in Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgPrx) mainly exists as monomers and displays thioredoxin (Trx)-dependent peroxidase activity. Moderate oxidative stress causes reversible S-mycothiolation of the H2O2-sensing Cys63 residue, which keeps CgPrx exclusively in dimer form with neither peroxidase nor chaperone activity. Then, the increased levels of H2O2 could act as a messenger to oxidize the redox-sensitive regulator hydrogen peroxide-inducible gene activator, leading to activation of expression of the more efficient mycothiol peroxidase and catalase to eliminate excessive peroxide. If oxidative stress is too severe, the H2O2-sensing Cys63 becomes hyperoxidized to sulfonic acid, which irreversibly inactivates the peroxidase activity, and most of CgPrx will be converted to multimeric chaperones for salvage of damaged proteins. INNOVATION We demonstrate for the first time that atypical 2-Cys CgPrx acts as both a Trx-dependent peroxidase and a molecular chaperone and plays a regulatory role in modulating the peroxide-mediated signaling cascades. CONCLUSION These results reveal that CgPrx functions as a multifunctional protein crucial for adapting appropriate responses to different levels of oxidative challenge in C. glutamicum. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 1-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiru Si
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China .,2 College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Tietao Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Junfeng Pan
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Jinshui Lin
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Can Chen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Yahong Wei
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- 2 College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
| | - Xihui Shen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
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Khosravi Y, Loke MF, Goh KL, Vadivelu J. Proteomics Analysis Revealed that Crosstalk between Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus mitis May Enhance Bacterial Survival and Reduces Carcinogenesis. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1462. [PMID: 27695448 PMCID: PMC5023670 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the dominant species of the human gastric microbiota and is present in the stomach of more than half of the human population worldwide. Colonization by H. pylori causes persistent inflammatory response and H. pylori-induced gastritis is the strongest singular risk factor for the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. However, only a small proportion of infected individuals develop malignancy. Besides H. pylori, other microbial species have also been shown to be related to gastritis. We previously reported that interspecies microbial interaction between H. pylori and S. mitis resulted in alteration of their metabolite profiles. In this study, we followed up by analyzing the changing protein profiles of H. pylori and S. mitis by LC/Q-TOF mass spectrometry to understand the different response of the two bacterial species in a multi-species micro-environment. Differentially-expressed proteins in mono- and co-cultures could be mapped into 18 biological pathways. The number of proteins involve in RNA degradation, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis were increased in co-cultured H. pylori. On the other hand, fewer proteins involve in citrate cycle, glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, translation, metabolism, and cell signaling were detected in co-cultured H. pylori. This is consistent with our previous observation that in the presence of S. mitis, H. pylori was transformed to coccoid. Interestingly, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), a major enzyme used in glycolysis, was found in abundance in co-cultured S. mitis and this may have enhanced the survival of S. mitis in the multi-species microenvironment. On the other hand, thioredoxin (TrxA) and other redox-regulating enzymes of H. pylori were less abundant in co-culture possibly suggesting reduced oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays an important role in tissue damage and carcinogenesis. Using the in vitro co-culture model, this study emphasized the possibility that pathogen-microbiota interaction may have a protective effect against H. pylori-associated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Khosravi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fai Loke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khean Lee Goh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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26
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Lee JT, Lee SS, Mondal S, Tripathi BN, Kim S, Lee KW, Hong SH, Bai HW, Cho JY, Chung BY. Enhancement of the Chaperone Activity of Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Resulting from a Point-Specific Mutation Confers Heat Tolerance in Escherichia coli. Mol Cells 2016; 39:594-602. [PMID: 27457208 PMCID: PMC4990751 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PaAhpC) is a member of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family. Here, we examined the peroxidase and molecular chaperone functions of PaAhpC using a site-directed mutagenesis approach by substitution of Ser and Thr residues with Cys at positions 78 and 105 located between two catalytic cysteines. Substitution of Ser with Cys at position 78 enhanced the chaperone activity of the mutant (S78C-PaAhpC) by approximately 9-fold compared with that of the wild-type protein (WT-PaAhpC). This increased activity may have been associated with the proportionate increase in the high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction and enhanced hydrophobicity of S78C-PaAhpC. Homology modeling revealed that mutation of Ser(78) to Cys(78) resulted in a more compact decameric structure than that observed in WT-PaAhpC and decreased the atomic distance between the two neighboring sulfur atoms of Cys(78) in the dimer-dimer interface of S78C-PaAhpC, which could be responsible for the enhanced hydrophobic interaction at the dimer-dimer interface. Furthermore, complementation assays showed that S78C-PaAhpC exhibited greatly improved the heat tolerance, resulting in enhanced survival under thermal stress. Thus, addition of Cys at position 78 in PaAhpC modulated the functional shifting of this protein from a peroxidase to a chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Taek Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Fruit Vegetables Research Institute, Jellabuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Gunsan 54062,
Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Siu Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896,
Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
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27
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Shrivastava AK, Pandey S, Yadav S, Mishra Y, Singh PK, Rai R, Singh S, Rai S, Rai LC. Comparative proteomics of wild type, An+ahpC and An∆ahpC strains of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 demonstrates AhpC mediated augmentation of photosynthesis, N2-fixation and modulation of regulatory network of antioxidative proteins. J Proteomics 2016; 140:81-99. [PMID: 27102494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alkylhydroperoxide reductase (AhpC), a 1-Cys peroxiredoxin is well known for maintaining the cellular homeostasis. Present study employs proteome approach to analyze and compare alterations in proteome of Anabaena PCC7120 in overexpressing (An+ahpC), deletion (An∆ahpC) and its wild type. 2-DE based analysis revealed that the major portion of identified protein belongs to energy metabolism, protein folding, modification and stress related proteins and carbohydrate metabolism. The two major traits discernible from An+ahpC were (i) augmentation of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation (ii) modulation of regulatory network of antioxidative proteins. Increased accumulation of proteins of light reaction, dark reaction, pentose phosphate pathway and electron transfer agent FDX for nitrogenase in An+ahpC and their simultaneous downregulation in AnΔahpC demonstrates its role in augmenting photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. Proteomic data was nicely corroborated with physiological, biochemical parameters displaying upregulation of nitrogenase (1.6 fold) PSI (1.08) and PSII (2.137) in An+ahpC. Furthermore, in silico analysis not only attested association of AhpC with peroxiredoxins but also with other players of antioxidative defense system viz. thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Above mentioned findings are in agreement with 33-40% and 40-60% better growth performance of An+ahpC over wild type and An∆ahpC respectively under abiotic stresses, suggesting its role in maintenance of metabolic machinery under stress. SIGNIFICANCE Present work explores key role of AhpC in mitigating stress in Anabaena PCC7120 through combined proteomic, biochemical and in silico investigations. This study is the first attempt to analyze and compare alterations in proteome of Anabaena PCC7120 following addition (overexpressing strain An+ahpC) and deletion (mutant An∆ahpC) of AhpC against its wild type. The effort resulted in two major traits in An+ahpC as (i) augmentation of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation (ii) modulation of regulatory network of antioxidative proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Shrivastava
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sarita Pandey
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Yogesh Mishra
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ruchi Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Snigdha Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - L C Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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28
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Insights into the Function of a Second, Nonclassical Ahp Peroxidase, AhpA, in Oxidative Stress Resistance in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 2016; 198:1044-57. [PMID: 26787766 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00679-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Organisms growing aerobically generate reactive oxygen-containing molecules, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). These reactive oxygen molecules damage enzymes and DNA and may even cause cell death. In response, Bacillus subtilis produces at least nine potential peroxide-scavenging enzymes, two of which appear to be the primary enzymes responsible for detoxifying peroxides during vegetative growth: a catalase (encoded by katA) and an alkylhydroperoxide reductase (Ahp, encoded by ahpC). AhpC uses two redox-active cysteine residues to reduce peroxides to nontoxic molecules. A specialized thioredoxin-like protein, AhpF, is then required to restore oxidized AhpC back to its reduced state. Curiously, B. subtilis has two genes encoding Ahp: ahpC and ahpA. Although AhpC is well characterized, very little is known about AhpA. In fact, numerous bacterial species have multiple ahp genes; however, these additional Ahp proteins are generally uncharacterized. We seek to understand the role of AhpA in the bacterium's defense against toxic peroxide molecules in relation to the roles previously assigned to AhpC and catalase. Our results demonstrate that AhpA has catalytic activity similar to that of the primary enzyme, AhpC. Furthermore, our results suggest that a unique thioredoxin redox protein, AhpT, may reduce AhpA upon its oxidation by peroxides. However, unlike AhpC, which is expressed well during vegetative growth, our results suggest that AhpA is expressed primarily during postexponential growth. IMPORTANCE B. subtilis appears to produce nine enzymes designed to protect cells against peroxides; two belong to the Ahp class of peroxidases. These studies provide an initial characterization of one of these Ahp homologs and demonstrate that the two Ahp enzymes are not simply replicates of each other, suggesting that they instead are expressed at different times during growth of the cells. These results highlight the need to further study the Ahp homologs to better understand how they differ from one another and to identify their function, if any, in protection against oxidative stress. Through these studies, we may better understand why bacteria have multiple enzymes designed to scavenge peroxides and thus have a more accurate understanding of oxidative stress resistance.
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29
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Cerveau D, Ouahrani D, Marok MA, Blanchard L, Rey P. Physiological relevance of plant 2-Cys peroxiredoxin overoxidation level and oligomerization status. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:103-19. [PMID: 26138759 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are ubiquitous thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases presumed to display, upon environmental constraints, a chaperone function resulting from a redox-dependent conformational switch. In this work, using biochemical and genetic approaches, we aimed to unravel the factors regulating the redox status and the conformation of the plastidial 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (2-Cys PRX) in plants. In Arabidopsis, we show that in optimal growth conditions, the overoxidation level mainly depends on the availability of thioredoxin-related electron donors, but not on sulfiredoxin, the enzyme reducing the 2-Cys PRX overoxidized form. We also observed that upon various physiological temperature, osmotic and light stress conditions, the overoxidation level and oligomerization status of 2-Cys PRX can moderately vary depending on the constraint type. Further, no major change was noticed regarding protein conformation in water-stressed Arabidopsis, barley and potato plants, whereas species-dependent up- and down-variations in overoxidation were observed. In contrast, both 2-Cys PRX overoxidation and oligomerization were strongly induced during a severe oxidative stress generated by methyl viologen. From these data, revealing that the oligomerization status of plant 2-Cys PRX does not exhibit important variation and is not tightly linked to the protein redox status upon physiologically relevant environmental constraints, the possible in planta functions of 2-Cys PRX are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Cerveau
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265, Biologie Végétale and Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Djelloul Ouahrani
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265, Biologie Végétale and Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Mohamed Amine Marok
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265, Biologie Végétale and Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Université de Khemis Miliana, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Ain Defla, Khemis Miliana, 44225, Algérie
| | - Laurence Blanchard
- CNRS, UMR 7265, Biologie Végétale and Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Pascal Rey
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265, Biologie Végétale and Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
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30
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Nielsen MH, Kidmose RT, Jenner LB. Structure of TSA2 reveals novel features of the active-site loop of peroxiredoxins. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 72:158-67. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798315023815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiaeTSA2 belongs to the family of typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, a ubiquitously expressed family of redox-active enzymes that utilize a conserved peroxidatic cysteine to reduce peroxides. Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins have been shown to be involved in protection against oxidative stress and in hydrogen peroxide signalling. Furthermore, several 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, includingS. cerevisiaeTSA1 and TSA2, are able to switch to chaperone activity upon hyperoxidation of their peroxidatic cysteine. This makes the sensitivity to hyperoxidation of the peroxidatic cysteine a very important determinant for the cellular function of a peroxiredoxin under different cellular conditions. Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins exist as dimers, and in the course of the reaction the peroxidatic cysteine forms a disulfide with a resolving cysteine located in the C-terminus of its dimeric partner. This requires a local unfolding of the active site and the C-terminus. The balance between the fully folded and locally unfolded conformations is of key importance for the reactivity and sensitivity to hyperoxidation of the different peroxiredoxins. Here, the structure of a C48S mutant of TSA2 fromS. cerevisiaethat mimics the reduced state of the peroxidatic cysteine has been determined. The structure reveals a novel conformation for the strictly conserved Pro41, which is likely to affect the delicate balance between the fully folded and locally unfolded conformations of the active site, and therefore the reactivity and the sensitivity to hyperoxidation. Furthermore, the structure also explains the observed difference in the pKavalues of the peroxidatic cysteines ofS. cerevisiaeTSA1 and TSA2 despite their very high sequence identity.
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Toledano MB, Huang B. Microbial 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins: Insights into Their Complex Physiological Roles. Mol Cells 2016; 39:31-9. [PMID: 26813659 PMCID: PMC4749871 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxiredoxins (Prxs) constitute a very large and highly conserved family of thiol-based peroxidases that has been discovered only very recently. We consider here these enzymes through the angle of their discovery, and of some features of their molecular and physiological functions, focusing on complex phenotypes of the gene mutations of the 2-Cys Prxs subtype in yeast. As scavengers of the low levels of H2O2 and as H2O2 receptors and transducers, 2-Cys Prxs have been highly instrumental to understand the biological impact of H2O2, and in particular its signaling function. 2-Cys Prxs can also become potent chaperone holdases, and unveiling the in vivo relevance of this function, which is still not established, should further increase our knowledge of the biological impact and toxicity of H2O2. The diverse molecular functions of 2-Cys Prx explain the often-hard task of relating them to peroxiredoxin genes phenotypes, which underscores the pleiotropic physiological role of these enzymes and complex biologic impact of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel B. Toledano
- CEA, DSV, IBITECS, SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer (LSOC), CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette,
France
| | - Bo Huang
- CEA, DSV, IBITECS, SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer (LSOC), CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette,
France
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32
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Natalia D, Jumadila O, Anggraini ID, Meutia F, Puspasari F, Hasan K. Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase from Bacillus aquimaris
MKSC 6.2 protects Esherichia coli
from oxidative stress. J Basic Microbiol 2015; 56:834-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dessy Natalia
- Division of Biochemistry Research; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
| | - Ozi Jumadila
- Division of Biochemistry Research; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
| | - Irika Devi Anggraini
- Division of Biochemistry Research; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
| | - Febrina Meutia
- Division of Biochemistry Research; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
| | - Fernita Puspasari
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
| | - Khomaini Hasan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center; Institut Teknologi Bandung; Bandung Indonesia
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani; Cimahi West Java Indonesia
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33
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Lee EM, Lee SS, Tripathi BN, Jung HS, Cao GP, Lee Y, Singh S, Hong SH, Lee KW, Lee SY, Cho JY, Chung BY. Site-directed mutagenesis substituting cysteine for serine in 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx A) of Arabidopsis thaliana effectively improves its peroxidase and chaperone functions. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:713-25. [PMID: 26141131 PMCID: PMC4577999 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx) A protein of Arabidopsis thaliana performs the dual functions of a peroxidase and a molecular chaperone depending on its conformation and the metabolic conditions. However, the precise mechanism responsible for the functional switching of 2-Cys Prx A is poorly known. This study examines various serine-to-cysteine substitutions on α-helix regions of 2-Cys Prx A in Arabidopsis mutants and the effects they have on the dual function of the protein. METHODS Various mutants of 2-Cys Prx A were generated by replacing serine (Ser) with cysteine (Cys) at different locations by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutants were then over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified protein was further analysed by size exclusion chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and image analysis. Peroxidase activity, molecular chaperone activity and hydrophobicity of the proteins were also determined. Molecular modelling analysis was performed in order to demonstrate the relationship between mutation positions and switching of 2-Cys Prx A activity. KEY RESULTS Replacement of Ser(150) with Cys(150) led to a marked increase in holdase chaperone and peroxidase activities of 2-Cys Prx A, which was associated with a change in the structure of an important domain of the protein. Molecular modelling demonstrated the relationship between mutation positions and the switching of 2-Cys Prx A activity. Examination of the α2 helix, dimer-dimer interface and C-term loop indicated that the peroxidase function is associated with a fully folded α2 helix and easy formation of a stable reduced decamer, while a more flexible C-term loop makes the chaperone function less likely. CONCLUSIONS Substitution of Cys for Ser at amino acid location 150 of the α-helix of 2-Cys Prx A regulates/enhances the dual enzymatic functions of the 2-Cys Prx A protein. If confirmed in planta, this leads to the potential for it to be used to maximize the functional utility of 2-Cys Prx A protein for improved metabolic functions and stress resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Guang Ping Cao
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Yuno Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea,
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34
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Noichri Y, Palais G, Ruby V, D'Autreaux B, Delaunay-Moisan A, Nyström T, Molin M, Toledano MB. In vivo parameters influencing 2-Cys Prx oligomerization: The role of enzyme sulfinylation. Redox Biol 2015; 6:326-333. [PMID: 26335398 PMCID: PMC4556779 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Cys Prxs are H2O2-specific antioxidants that become inactivated by enzyme hyperoxidation at elevated H2O2 levels. Although hyperoxidation restricts the antioxidant physiological role of these enzymes, it also allows the enzyme to become an efficient chaperone holdase. The critical molecular event allowing the peroxidase to chaperone switch is thought to be the enzyme assembly into high molecular weight (HMW) structures brought about by enzyme hyperoxidation. How hyperoxidation promotes HMW assembly is not well understood and Prx mutants allowing disentangling its peroxidase and chaperone functions are lacking. To begin addressing the link between enzyme hyperoxidation and HMW structures formation, we have evaluated the in vivo 2-Cys Prxs quaternary structure changes induced by H2O2 by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) on crude lysates, using wild type (Wt) untagged and Myc-tagged S. cerevisiae 2-Cys Prx Tsa1 and derivative Tsa1 mutants or genetic conditions known to inactivate peroxidase or chaperone activity or altering the enzyme sensitivity to hyperoxidation. Our data confirm the strict causative link between H2O2-induced hyperoxidation and HMW formation/stabilization, also raising the question of whether CP hyperoxidation triggers the assembly of HMW structures by the stacking of decamers, which is the prevalent view of the literature, or rather, the stabilization of preassembled stacked decamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Noichri
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer, IBITECS, SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Palais
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer, IBITECS, SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - V Ruby
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer, IBITECS, SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B D'Autreaux
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer, IBITECS, SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Delaunay-Moisan
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer, IBITECS, SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Nyström
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology (CMB), University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, S-413 90 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M Molin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology (CMB), University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, S-413 90 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M B Toledano
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer, IBITECS, SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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35
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An BC, Lee SS, Jung HS, Kim JY, Lee Y, Lee KW, Lee SY, Tripathi BN, Chung BY. An additional cysteine in a typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin ofPseudomonaspromotes functional switching between peroxidase and molecular chaperone. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2831-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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36
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Mishra M, Jiang H, Wu L, Chawsheen HA, Wei Q. The sulfiredoxin-peroxiredoxin (Srx-Prx) axis in cell signal transduction and cancer development. Cancer Lett 2015; 366:150-9. [PMID: 26170166 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox signaling is a critical component of cell signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of cell growth, metabolism, hormone signaling, immune regulation and variety of other physiological functions. Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is a family of thiol-based peroxidase that acts as a regulator of redox signaling. Members of Prx family can act as antioxidants and chaperones. Sulfiredoxin (Srx) is an antioxidant protein that exclusively reduces over-oxidized typical 2-Cys Prx. Srx has different affinities for individual Prx and it also catalyzes the deglutathionylation of variety of substrates. Individual component of the Srx-Prx system plays critical role in carcinogenesis by modulating cell signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration and metastasis. Expression levels of individual component of the Srx-Prx axis have been correlated with patient survival outcome in multiple cancer types. This review will summarize the molecular basis of differences in the affinity of Srx for individual Prx and the role of individual component of the Srx-Prx system in tumor progression and metastasis. This enhanced understanding of molecular aspects of Srx-Prx interaction and its role in cell signal transduction will help define the Srx-Prx system as a future therapeutic target in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murli Mishra
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lisha Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hedy A Chawsheen
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Qiou Wei
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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37
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Handley RA, Mulholland F, Reuter M, Ramachandran VK, Musk H, Clissold L, Le Brun NE, van Vliet AHM. PerR controls oxidative stress defence and aerotolerance but not motility-associated phenotypes of Campylobacter jejuni. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2015; 161:1524-36. [PMID: 25968890 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The foodborne bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is an obligate microaerophile that is exposed to atmospheric oxygen during transmission through the food chain. Survival under aerobic conditions requires the concerted control of oxidative stress systems, which in C. jejuni are intimately connected with iron metabolism via the PerR and Fur regulatory proteins. Here, we have characterized the roles of C. jejuni PerR in oxidative stress and motility phenotypes, and its regulon at the level of transcription, protein expression and promoter interactions. Insertional inactivation of perR in the C. jejuni reference strains NCTC 11168, 81-176 and 81116 did not result in any growth deficiencies, but strongly increased survival in atmospheric oxygen conditions, and allowed growth around filter discs infused with up to 30 % H2O2 (8.8 M). Expression of catalase, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, thioredoxin reductase and the Rrc desulforubrerythrin was increased in the perR mutant, and this was mediated at the transcriptional level as shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assays of the katA, ahpC and trxB promoters using purified PerR. Differential RNA-sequencing analysis of a fur perR mutant allowed the identification of eight previously unknown transcription start sites of genes controlled by Fur and/or PerR. Finally, inactivation of perR in C. jejuni did not result in reduced motility, and did not reduce killing of Galleria melonella wax moth larvae. In conclusion, PerR plays an important role in controlling oxidative stress resistance and aerobic survival of C. jejuni, but this role does not extend into control of motility and associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Handley
- 1 Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK 2 Centre for Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Francis Mulholland
- 1 Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Mark Reuter
- 1 Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | | | - Heather Musk
- 4 The Genome Analysis Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Leah Clissold
- 4 The Genome Analysis Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Nick E Le Brun
- 2 Centre for Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Arnoud H M van Vliet
- 1 Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
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38
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Cao Z, McGow DP, Shepherd C, Lindsay JG. Improved Catenated Structures of Bovine Peroxiredoxin III F190L Reveal Details of Ring-Ring Interactions and a Novel Conformational State. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123303. [PMID: 25906064 PMCID: PMC4407889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial 2-cys peroxiredoxin III (PrxIII) is a key player in antioxidant defence reducing locally-generated H2O2 to H2O. A Phe to Leu (F190L) mutation in the C-terminal α-helix of PrxIII, mimicking that found in some bacteria and parasites, increases its resistance to hyperoxidation but has no obvious influence on peroxidase activity. Here we report on the oxidized and reduced crystal structures of bovine PrxIII F190L at 2.4 Å and 2.2 Å, respectively. Both structures exist as two-ring catenanes with their dodecameric rings inclined at 55o to each other, similar to that previously reported for PrxIII C168S. The new higher-resolution structures reveal details of the complex network of H-bonds stabilising the inter-toroid contacts. In addition, Arg123, the key conserved residue, that normally interacts with the catalytic cys (Cp, cys 47) is found in a distinct conformation extending away from the Cp while the characteristic Arg-Glu-Arg network, underpinning the active-site geometry also displays a distinctive arrangement, not observed previously. This novel active-site organisation may provide new insights into the dynamics of the large-scale conformational changes occurring between oxidized and reduced states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Cao
- From the Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Donna P. McGow
- From the Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Shepherd
- From the Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J. Gordon Lindsay
- From the Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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39
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Chiou SH, Huang CH, Liang SS. From Chemistry to Translational Medicine: The Application of Proteomics to Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Diagnosis. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201400350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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40
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Morais MAB, Giuseppe PO, Souza TACB, Alegria TGP, Oliveira MA, Netto LES, Murakami MT. How pH modulates the dimer-decamer interconversion of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins from the Prx1 subfamily. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8582-90. [PMID: 25666622 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.619205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Cys peroxiredoxins belonging to the Prx1 subfamily are Cys-based peroxidases that control the intracellular levels of H2O2 and seem to assume a chaperone function under oxidative stress conditions. The regulation of their peroxidase activity as well as the observed functional switch from peroxidase to chaperone involves changes in their quaternary structure. Multiple factors can modulate the oligomeric transitions of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins such as redox state, post-translational modifications, and pH. However, the molecular basis for the pH influence on the oligomeric state of these enzymes is still elusive. Herein, we solved the crystal structure of a typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin from Leishmania in the dimeric (pH 8.5) and decameric (pH 4.4) forms, showing that conformational changes in the catalytic loop are associated with the pH-induced decamerization. Mutagenesis and biophysical studies revealed that a highly conserved histidine (His(113)) functions as a pH sensor that, at acidic conditions, becomes protonated and forms an electrostatic pair with Asp(76) from the catalytic loop, triggering the decamerization. In these 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, decamer formation is important for the catalytic efficiency and has been associated with an enhanced sensitivity to oxidative inactivation by overoxidation of the peroxidatic cysteine. In eukaryotic cells, exposure to high levels of H2O2 can trigger intracellular pH variations, suggesting that pH changes might act cooperatively with H2O2 and other oligomerization-modulator factors to regulate the structure and function of typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A B Morais
- From the Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas/SP, 13083-970
| | - Priscila O Giuseppe
- From the Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas/SP, 13083-970
| | - Tatiana A C B Souza
- the Laboratório de Proteômica e Engenharia de Proteínas, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba/PR, 81350-010
| | - Thiago G P Alegria
- the Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, 05508-900, and
| | - Marcos A Oliveira
- the Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus do Litoral Paulista, São Vicente/SP 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Luis E S Netto
- the Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, 05508-900, and
| | - Mario T Murakami
- From the Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas/SP, 13083-970,
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41
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Jung YJ, Melencion SMB, Lee ES, Park JH, Alinapon CV, Oh HT, Yun DJ, Chi YH, Lee SY. Universal Stress Protein Exhibits a Redox-Dependent Chaperone Function in Arabidopsis and Enhances Plant Tolerance to Heat Shock and Oxidative Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1141. [PMID: 26734042 PMCID: PMC4685093 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although a wide range of physiological information on Universal Stress Proteins (USPs) is available from many organisms, their biochemical, and molecular functions remain unidentified. The biochemical function of AtUSP (At3g53990) from Arabidopsis thaliana was therefore investigated. Plants over-expressing AtUSP showed a strong resistance to heat shock and oxidative stress, compared with wild-type and Atusp knock-out plants, confirming the crucial role of AtUSP in stress tolerance. AtUSP was present in a variety of structures including monomers, dimers, trimers, and oligomeric complexes, and switched in response to external stresses from low molecular weight (LMW) species to high molecular weight (HMW) complexes. AtUSP exhibited a strong chaperone function under stress conditions in particular, and this activity was significantly increased by heat treatment. Chaperone activity of AtUSP was critically regulated by the redox status of cells and accompanied by structural changes to the protein. Over-expression of AtUSP conferred a strong tolerance to heat shock and oxidative stress upon Arabidopsis, primarily via its chaperone function.
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42
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Perkins A, Poole L, Karplus PA. Tuning of peroxiredoxin catalysis for various physiological roles. Biochemistry 2014; 53:7693-705. [PMID: 25403613 PMCID: PMC4270387 DOI: 10.1021/bi5013222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) make up an ancient family of enzymes that are the predominant peroxidases for nearly all organisms and play essential roles in reducing hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxides, and peroxynitrite. Even between distantly related organisms, the core protein fold and key catalytic residues related to its cysteine-based catalytic mechanism have been retained. Given that these enzymes appeared early in biology, Prxs have experienced more than 1 billion years of optimization for specific ecological niches. Although their basic enzymatic function remains the same, Prxs have diversified and are involved in roles such as protecting DNA against mutation, defending pathogens against host immune responses, suppressing tumor formation, and--for eukaryotes--helping regulate peroxide signaling via hyperoxidation of their catalytic Cys residues. Here, we review the current understanding of the physiological roles of Prxs by analyzing knockout and knockdown studies from ∼25 different species. We also review what is known about the structural basis for the sensitivity of some eukaryotic Prxs to inactivation by hyperoxidation. In considering the physiological relevance of hyperoxidation, we explore the distribution across species of sulfiredoxin (Srx), the enzyme responsible for rescuing hyperoxidized Prxs. We unexpectedly find that among eukaryotes appearing to have a "sensitive" Prx isoform, some do not contain Srx. Also, as Prxs are suggested to be promising targets for drug design, we discuss the rationale behind recently proposed strategies for their selective inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arden Perkins
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State
University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United
States
| | - Leslie
B. Poole
- Department
of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - P. Andrew Karplus
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State
University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United
States
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Arias DG, Reinoso A, Sasoni N, Hartman MD, Iglesias AA, Guerrero SA. Kinetic and structural characterization of a typical two-cysteine peroxiredoxin from Leptospira interrogans exhibiting redox sensitivity. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:30-40. [PMID: 25236736 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the mechanisms by which Leptospira interrogans, the causative agent of leptospirosis, copes with oxidative stress at the time it establishes persistent infection within its human host. We report the molecular cloning of a gene encoding a 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (LinAhpC) from this bacterium. After bioinformatic analysis we found that LinAhpC contains the characteristic GGIG and YF motifs present in peroxiredoxins that are sensitive to overoxidation (mainly eukaryotic proteins). These motifs are absent in insensitive prokaryotic enzymes. Recombinant LinAhpC showed activity as a thioredoxin peroxidase with sensitivity to overoxidation by H2O2 (Chyp 1% ~30 µM at pH 7.0 and 30°C). So far, Anabaena 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, Helicobacter pylori AhpC, and LinAhpC are the only prokaryotic enzymes studied with these characteristics. The properties determined for LinAhpC suggest that the protein could be critical for the antioxidant defense capacity in L. interrogans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G Arias
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Anahí Reinoso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Natalia Sasoni
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Matías D Hartman
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alberto A Iglesias
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sergio A Guerrero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Li N, Luo Q, Jiang Y, Wu G, Gao H. Managing oxidative stresses in Shewanella oneidensis: intertwined roles of the OxyR and OhrR regulons. Environ Microbiol 2014; 16:1821-34. [PMID: 25009841 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis, renowned for its remarkable respiratory abilities, inhabit redox-stratified environments prone to reactive oxygen species (ROS)formation. Two major oxidative stress regulators,analogues of OxyR and OhrR, specifically respond to H(2)O(2) and organic peroxides (OP), respectively, are encoded in the genome based on sequence comparison to well-studied models. Presumably, these analogues provide protection from ROS. An understanding of S. oneidensis OxyR has been established recently, which functions as both repressor and activator to mediate H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress. Here,we report the first study of elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying the S. oneidensis response to OP-induced oxidative stress. We show tha tS. oneidensis has OhrR, an OP stress regulator with two novel features. The sensing and responding residues of OhrR are not equally important for regulation and the regulator directly controls transcription of the SO1563 gene, in addition to the ohr gene which encodes the major OP scavenging protein. Importantly,we present evidence suggesting that the OxyR and OhrR regulons of S. oneidensis appear to be functionally intertwined as both OxyR and OhrR systems can sense and response to H(2)O(2) and OP agents.
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Li K, Jiang T, Yu B, Wang L, Gao C, Ma C, Xu P, Ma Y. Escherichia coli transcription termination factor NusA: heat-induced oligomerization and chaperone activity. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2347. [PMID: 23907089 PMCID: PMC3731644 DOI: 10.1038/srep02347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli NusA, an essential component of the RNA polymerase elongation complex, is involved in transcriptional elongation, termination, anti-termination, cold shock and stress-induced mutagenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that NusA can self-assemble into oligomers under heat shock conditions and that this property is largely determined by the C-terminal domain. In parallel with the self-assembly process, NusA also acquires chaperone activity. Furthermore, NusA overexpression results in the enhanced heat shock resistance of host cells, which may be due to the chaperone activity of NusA. Our results suggest that E. coli NusA can act as a protector to prevent protein aggregation under heat stress conditions in vitro and in the NusA-overexpressing strain. We propose a new hypothesis that NusA could serve as a molecular chaperone in addition to its functions as a transcription factor. However, it remains to be further investigated whether NusA has the same function under normal physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
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Huang CH, Chiou SH. Clinical proteomics identifies potential biomarkers in Helicobacter pylori for gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:1529-1536. [PMID: 24587628 PMCID: PMC3925861 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i6.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of gastrointestinal diseases has been found to be associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and various biochemical stresses in stomach and intestine. These stresses, such as oxidative, osmotic and acid stresses, may bring about bi-directional effects on both hosts and H. pylori, leading to changes of protein expression in their proteomes. Therefore, proteins differentially expressed in H. pylori under various stresses not only reflect gastrointestinal environment but also provide useful biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. In this regard, proteomic technology is an ideal tool to identify potential biomarkers as it can systematically monitor proteins and protein variation on a large scale of cell’s translational landscape, permitting in-depth analyses of host and pathogen interactions. By performing two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by liquid chromatography-nanoESI-mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS), we have successfully pinpointed alkylhydroperoxide reductase (AhpC), neutrophil-activating protein and non-heme iron-binding ferritin as three prospective biomarkers showing up-regulation in H. pylori under oxidative, osmotic and acid stresses, respectively. Further biochemical characterization reveals that various environmental stresses can induce protein structure change and functional conversion in the identified biomarkers. Especially salient is the antioxidant enzyme AhpC, an abundant antioxidant protein present in H. pylori. It switches from a peroxide reductase of low-molecular-weight (LMW) oligomers to a molecular chaperone of high-molecular-weight (HMW) complexes under oxidative stress. Different seropositivy responses against LMW or HMW AhpC in H. pylori-infected patients faithfully match the disease progression from disease-free healthy persons to patients with gastric ulcer and cancer. These results has established AhpC of H. pylori as a promising diagnostic marker for gastrointestinal maladies, and highlight the utility of clinical proteomics for identifying disease biomarkers that can be uniquely applied to disease-oriented translational medicine.
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Park CH, Lee SS, Kim KR, Jung MH, Lee SY, Cho EJ, Singh S, Chung BY. Optimized enzymatic dual functions of PaPrx protein by proton irradiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2014; 55:17-24. [PMID: 23753570 PMCID: PMC3885114 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrt081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of proton irradiation on the function and structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa peroxiredoxin (PaPrx). Polyacrylamide gel demonstrated that PaPrx proteins exposed to proton irradiation at several doses exhibited simultaneous formation of high molecular weight (HMW) complexes and fragmentation. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis revealed that the number of fragments and very low molecular weight (LMW) structures increased as the proton irradiation dose increased. The peroxidase activity of irradiated PaPrx was preserved, and its chaperone activity was significantly increased by increasing the proton irradiation dose. The chaperone activity increased about 3-4 fold after 2.5 kGy proton irradiation, compared with that of non-irradiated PaPrx, and increased to almost the maximum activity after 10 kGy proton irradiation. We previously obtained functional switching in PaPrx proteins, by using gamma rays and electron beams as radiation sources, and found that the proteins exhibited increased chaperone activity but decreased peroxidase activity. Interestingly, in this study we newly found that proton irradiation could enhance both peroxidase and chaperone activities. Therefore, we can suggest proton irradiation as a novel protocol for conserved 2-Cys protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hong Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Ryung Kim
- Proton Engineering Frontier Project, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gyeongju 780-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Jung
- Proton Engineering Frontier Project, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gyeongju 780-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-63-570-3331; Fax: +82-63-570-3339;
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Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase repair by Helicobacter pylori methionine sulfoxide reductase. J Bacteriol 2013; 195:5396-401. [PMID: 24097943 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01001-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein exposure to oxidants such as HOCl leads to formation of methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) residues, which can be repaired by methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr). A Helicobacter pylori msr strain was more sensitive to HOCl-mediated killing than the parent. Because of its abundance in H. pylori and its high methionine content, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase C (AhpC) was hypothesized to be prone to methionine oxidation. AhpC was expressed as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. AhpC activity was abolished by HOCl, while all six methionine residues of the enzyme were fully to partially oxidized. Upon incubation with a Msr repair mixture, AhpC activity was restored to nonoxidized levels and the MetSO residues were repaired to methionine, albeit to different degrees. The two most highly oxidized and then Msr-repaired methionine residues in AhpC, Met101 and Met133, were replaced with isoleucine residues by site-directed mutagenesis, either individually or together. E. coli cells expressing variant versions were more sensitive to t-butyl hydroperoxide than cells expressing native protein, and purified AhpC variant proteins had 5% to 39% of the native enzyme activity. Variant proteins were still able to oligomerize like the native version, and circular dichroism (CD) spectra of variant proteins revealed no significant change in AhpC conformation, indicating that the loss of activity in these variants was not related to major structural alterations. Our results suggest that both Met101 and Met133 residues are important for AhpC catalytic activity and that their integrity relies on the presence of a functional Msr.
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Amini Najafabadi H, Paknejad M, Farshad S, Mohammadian T, Seyyed Ebrahimi SS, Amini Najafabadi A. Immunodot blot assay to detect Helicobacter pylori using monoclonal antibodies against the 26 kDa protein. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2013; 31:403-10. [PMID: 23244318 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2012.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Development of a specific immunoassay to detect Helicobacter pylori infection in stool samples requires monoclonal antibody against the specific antigen. The aims of this study were to establish monoclonal antibodies against the 26 kDa protein of H. pylori and develop an immunodot blot for their application to recognize H. pylori infection using stool samples. Mice were immunized intraperitoneally with homogenized gel containing the 26 kDa band of cell surface proteins of H. pylori in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The monoclonal antibodies were produced using the hybridoma technique. Reactivity of monoclonal antibodies was tested with the purified 26 kDa antigen and cell surface proteins from cultured H. pylori by ELISA. Furthermore reactivity of monoclonal antibodies was tested on negative and positive stool samples for H. pylori and suspensions of several major bacteria in stool by immunodot blot assay. Five stable hybridoma monoclones were obtained. The concordant reactivity of the monoclonal antibodies with H. pylori present in the stool samples, which had been tested previously using an ACON ELISA kit for H. pylori stool antigen testing, and unreactivity with several different major fecal bacteria in immunodot blotting indicates high specificity of the immunodot blot based on the reaction of produced monoclonal antibodies with the H. pylori antigen in stools. The findings indicate that the novel immunodot blot developed based on new monoclonal antibodies for stool antigens would be useful as a noninvasive method of diagnosing H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Amini Najafabadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vitoriano I, Vítor JMB, Oleastro M, Roxo-Rosa M, Vale FF. Proteome variability among Helicobacter pylori isolates clustered according to genomic methylation. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 114:1817-32. [PMID: 23480599 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To understand whether the variability found in the proteome of Helicobacter pylori relates to the genomic methylation, virulence and associated gastric disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We applied the Minimum-Common-Restriction-Modification (MCRM) algorithm to genomic methylation data of 30 Portuguese H. pylori strains, obtained by genome sensitivity to Type II restriction enzymes' digestion. All the generated dendrograms presented three clusters with no association with gastric disease. Comparative analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) maps obtained for total protein extracts of 10 of these strains, representative of the three main clusters, revealed that among 70 matched protein spots (in a universe of 300), 16 were differently abundant (P < 0·05) among clusters. Of these, 13 proteins appear to be related to the cagA genotype or gastric disease. The abundance of three protein species, DnaK, GlnA and HylB, appeared to be dictated by the methylation status of their gene promoter. CONCLUSIONS Variations in the proteome profile of strains with common geographic origin appear to be related to differences in cagA genotype or gastric disease, rather than to clusters organized according to strain genomic methylation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The simultaneous study of the genomic methylation and proteome is important to correlate epigenetic modifications with gene expression and pathogen virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vitoriano
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rio de Mouro, Portugal
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